⑴ 高一英语主要知识点!!
定语从句 (一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导
1、关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that,as
2、关系副词:when,where,why
P.S :关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
e.g.She is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)
The comrade with whom I came knows French.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)
3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:
1)当先行词为人时用who作主语,whom作宾语;
2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which,可作主语或宾语;
3)先行词为人、物时用that,可作主语或宾语;
4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;
5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。
(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。
e.g.I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)
2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。
e.g.Tom’s father,who is over sixty,still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)
(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题
1、that与which的区别。
1)用that而不用which的情况:
①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,…;
②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;
③先行词有only,very,any等词修饰;
④先行词既有人又有物时。
e.g.There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it.没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。
2)用which而不用that的情况:
①引导非限制性定语从句;
②代表整个主句的意思;
③介词+关系代词。
e.g.He had failed in the maths exam,which made his father very angry.他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。
This is the room in which my father lived last year.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。
3)as引导定语从句时的用法
①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。
e.g.I want the same shirt as myfriend’s.我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型:
as is known to all,as is said,as is reported,
as is announced,as we all know,as I expect等。
e.g.As I expected,he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
3)as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别
①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。e.g.He made along speech,as we expected.
He made along speech,which was unexpected.
②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。
e.g.Tom drinks a lot everyday,which his wife doesn’t like at all.
2.关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。e.g.The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently.住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。 The students who are in GradeThree are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
3.定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。e.g.There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.
4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+which”来代替。
e.g.October 1,1949 was the day on which(=when)the People’s Republic of China was founded.
5.当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。
e.g.The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.
6.介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介词在句尾,关系代词可有which,that,whom,口语中也可用who,且可省略。
e.g.The man(whom/who/that)you were talking about has come to school.
参考资料:http://ke..com/view/56536.html?wtp=tt
⑵ 初高中英语衔接知识点,详细一点的更好,谢谢了
主要在那么几个方面 第一:词汇量更广 单词相应的拓展更多要能够熟练的举一反三 第二:语法方面在初中的基础上增加了现在完成时 过去完成时 以及将来时态 还有就是在语态上适用范围更广了 在刚开始进行高一英语学习时因该尽快摆脱初中的学习方法 要以自主学习为主 老师辅导为辅 加强听力能力训练 提高阅读能力与快速阅读能力 亲 祝你学习轻松!0.0
亲 你的悬赏分 太高了 谁 有办法能够达到你的要求拿到啊 建议你重新来过 换个较低的悬赏分 那时来回答的会更多哦 0.0
⑶ 高一英语知识点有哪些
高一英语知识点如下:
1、What should a friend be like? 询问对方的看法
2、I think he / she should be… 表示个人观点的词语
3、I enjoy reading / I'm fond ofsinging / I like playing computer games. 表示喜好的词语
4、Chuck is on a flight whensuddenly his plane crashes. “when”作并列连词的用法
5、What / Who / When / Where isit that...? 强调句的特殊疑问句结构
6、Can you tell me how topronounce...? 带连接副词(或代词)的不定式做宾补的用法
⑷ 高一英语高频知识点
我给你分为三个部分 第一部分是重点词组 第二部分是重点巨型 第三部分是重点语法 希望对你有所帮助
重点句型
1.“So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的,“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句,则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。
例如 He’s tired,and so am I.(=I’ m also tired.)
You can swim,and so can I.(=I can also swim.)
She has had supper,and so can I.(=I’ve had lunch,too.)
Tom speaks English,and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English,too.)
A: I went to the park yesterday.
B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)
2.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序,so相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实,语气较强,意思是“确实如此”。
例如 A:It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B:So it was.的确如此。(=Yes,it was.)
A:You seem to like sports.B:So I do.(=Yes,I do.)
A:It will be fine tomorrow.B:So it will.(=Yes ,it will.)
3.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in
my composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。
4.So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相同情况,必须使用本句型,不能使用so 引起的倒装句。
She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.
5、There you are. 行了,好。
这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。如:
There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外,还可以表示“瞧,对吧(果然如此)”的语气。例如:There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧!我就知道我们最终能找到的。
6、have some difficulty (in) doing sth.
干某事有困难;接名词时,常用句型:have some difficulty with sth.
①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗?
②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。
7、have a good knowledge of sth.
“掌握……”,“对……有某种程度的了解”
①He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。
②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.
8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.
一棵又一棵的树被水冲倒、冲断。那水肯定有三米深。
“must have + 过去分词”表示对已发生事情的猜测。在英语中,must,may,can三个情态动词可用来表示对事情的猜测。Must意为“肯定”,语气很有把握;may意为“可能”、“也许”,语气把握性不大。两者常用在肯定句中。Can意为“肯定”、“也许”,常用在否定句或疑问句中。Must,may,can三者用于表示猜测时,其后面可跟三种不同的动词形式:1)跟动词原形表示对现在事情的猜测;
2)跟be doing表示对正在发生事情的猜测;3)跟have done表示对已经发生的事情的猜测。例如:
Helen is Lucy’s good friend. She must know Lucy’s e-mail.海伦是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的电子邮件。
We can hear loud voices in the meeting room. They must be quarrelling.我们可以听到会议
室很吵。他们肯定在吵架。
I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago. He can’t have gone to Australia.我刚才还在大门口见
过杰夫。他不可能去了澳大利亚。
9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很有趣。
fun “好玩,趣事”,不可数名词,前面不加不定冠词a。
You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。
make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a
strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。
funny adj. “可笑的,滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿着他父亲
的衣服,看上去很滑稽。
10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……
许多看过这部电影的人都不敢在海里游。
afraid 用法说明:1)害怕人/ 物,如:be afraid of sb / sth
2)不敢做某事,如:be afraid to do sth / of doing sth
He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night.
3) 担心会发生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into theriver.
4) 给人不愉快的信息或不赞同某人意见时, 用I’m afraid …, 如:
I’m afraid I’ve got bad news for you.I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.
11、It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。
这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型,其中to finish eating everything 是主语,it是形式主语。
12、I wish you all the best.我祝你万事如意.
用wish来表示祝愿的结构是wish sb sth, 此外我们还可以用may来表示祝愿: May sb do sth如:
May you succeed.
13、Where there is a river, there is a city. 有河流的地方就有城市。
Where在这里引导的是地点状语从句,相当于介词in/ at/ to + the place + where从句9定语从句),意思是“在……地方”。 例如:
Where there is smoke, there is fire.无风不起浪;事出有因。
He lives where the climate is mild.他住在气候温暖的地方。
14、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia .
圣彼得堡人民坚强不屈、充满自豪、团结一致,他们是俄罗斯当代的英雄。
Strong, proud, and united为前置定语,在这里相当于一个非限制性定语从句:
The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes
of Russia . 当主语比较短时,这类短语常常放在句首。
15. Congratulations!是一句祝贺用语,在使用时要用复数形式。其他几个通常以复数形式出现表达特定含义的名词有:
manners(礼貌):He is a little boy with good manners.这个小男孩很有礼貌。
regards (问候):Please send my regards to your parents.请代我问候你父母。
16. Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.
没四年,世界各地的运动员们都要参加奥运会。
“every + 基数词 + 时间/ 距离单位”词表示“每多少时间/ 距离”。如:
every five days(每五天), every three hours(每三小时), every ten metres(每十公尺)
类似表达形式还有:every fifth day, every third hour
“每隔一天”的表达形式有:every second day, every two days, every other day.
17、Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and
to send e-mail or surf the Internet.现代的手机不仅仅是电话机—它们也当坐照相机和收音机使用,还可以发送电子邮件和上网。
use A as B 把A用作B。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代,人们把石头用作耕作的工具。
use sth to do sth用某物来做某事。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.在古代,人们用石头来捕杀动物获取食物。
18、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no
matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是:无论我们在何处或正在做什么,我们都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持联系。
1) seem 似乎,好像,其用法及搭配有:seem + adj., 如:
This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.这个问题看似复杂,其实很简单。
seem to do : I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪儿见过他。
It seems that…,; It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。
It seems as if…,: It seems as if it’s going to rain.看来快要下雨了。
2) no matter无论,不管,后面常跟疑问词引导的从句,其意相当于疑问词后加ever。如 no matter what=whatever; no matter where=wherever; no matter how=however; no matter when=whenever例如:
No matter when (Whenever) I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat.
不管我什么时候遇见他,他总是戴着那顶旧礼帽。
No matter how (However) expensive the cellphone is, I’ll buy it because I need one badly.
无论这手机有多贵,我都要买。因为我急需有个手机。
重点语法:
直接引语和间接引语
1. 直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。
eg: “I broke your CD player.” (一般过去时改成过去完成时)He told me he had broken my CD player.
Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”(现在完成时改成过去完成时)Jenny said she had lost a book.
Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”(一般将来时改成过去将来时)Mum said she would go to see a friend.
过去完成时保留原有的时态
He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.” He said they hadn’t finished their homework.
注意 直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变。
2. 在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:
Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”=Mary said her brother was and engineer.
3. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如:
He said, “Can you run, Mike?”=He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
4. 直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。如:
“Pass me the water, please.”said he.。=He asked him to pass her the water.
5. 直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如:
She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”=She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
现在进行时表将来的动作
现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬间动词。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。
(1)用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按计划或安排要发生的动作。
(2)现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于:前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。
He is reading a novel.
他在看小说。
The train is arriving soon.
火车就要进站了。
(3)用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。
(4)现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于:前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的,而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。
What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你们打算干什么?
The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight.
飞机今晚七点半起飞。
定语从句 (the Attributive Clause)
1. 描述特定时间的特征 ---- 由when或介词+which引导定语从句:
This was the moment when / at which Spielberg’s career really took off.
2. 描述特定地点的特征 ---- 由where或介词+which引导定语从句:
Chuck survives the air crash and lands on a deserted island where / on which there are no people.
3. 描述特定原因或理由的内容 ---- 由why或介词+which引导定语从句:
The reason why / for which Steven Spielberg could not go to the Film Academy was that his grades were too low.
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,归纳起来,二者有以下几点不同:
一、作用不同
限制性定语从句与先行词的关系非常密切,是先行词不可缺少的定语,它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或物 如果删去,全句的意思就会变得不明确。而非限制性定语从句在意义上是先行词的一个附加修饰语,对先行词只起进一步补充说明的作用;若把它去掉,全句意思仍然清楚。例如:
The girl who stood in the corner just now is my younger sister.
刚才站在角落里的那个姑娘是我的妹妹。
Mary Smith,who is in the corner, wants to meet you.
玛丽·史密斯在那个角落里,她想见你。
第一个例句中的定语从句指明作为主语的“姑娘”不是任何一个,而是在角落的那个。如果去掉定语从句,表达的意思就不明确。第二个例句已经表明主语是谁,定语从句只不过是补充说明一点情况而已。若去掉从句,句子意思仍然完整。
二、形式不同
非限制性定语从句与先行词之间通常有逗号 而限制性定语从句与先行词之间则无逗号。例如:
He’s the man who lives next door.
他就是住在隔壁的那个人。(从句不可少,从句前无逗号。)
His wife,whom you met at my house,is a teacher.
他的妻子是一位老师,你在我家曾见过她。(从句可有可无,从句前有逗号。)
三、含义不同
限制性定语从句有涉他性;非限制性定语从句有唯一性。例如:
In the class there are ten students who speak English very well.
这个班上有十名英语说得好的学生。(暗示班上不只是十个学生。)
In the class there are ten students,who speak English very well.
这个班上有十名学生,他们英语说得很好。
(非限制性定语从句,表明班上只有十个学生。)
四、 译法不同
在把限制性定语从句译成汉语时,通常在从句的末尾加“的”字,放在它所修饰名词的前边。而在把非限制性定语从句译成汉语时,一般译成一个单独的句子。请看下面例句:
The film that we saw yesterday was very interesting.
我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
Beijing,which is the capital of China,is a very beautiful city.
北京是中国的首都,它是一座非常美丽的城市。
限定性定语从句
1、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who ( 宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词where, when,关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,同时又作定语从句的一个成份。
⑴The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. 住在我的隔壁的人是卖菜的。
在该句中the man 是先行词,who 是关系代词,引导定语从句who lives next to us.在定语从句中,who 作主语。
2、由关系代词who, whom, which, that引导的限定性定语从句。
1)如果先行词是人,则用关系代词who/that; 如果先行词是物,则用关系代词which/that。
⑵The number of people who/that lost homes reached as many as 250,000.
无家可归的人多达25万。
⑶It sounded like a train that was going under my house.
它听起来就像是在我的房子下行驶的一列火车。
2)关系代词who, whom, which, that既起联系作用,引导定语从句,使之同它句中的某个名词/代词发生关系,同时又充当定语从句的一个成份。(如作从句中的主语或宾语)。当它们在从句中作宾语时,常可以省略。
⑷The boy(who/whom/that)we saw yesterday was John's brother.
我们昨天见到的那个男孩是约翰的兄弟。
⑸The car (which/that)my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.
我叔叔刚买的那辆汽车在地震上毁坏了。
说明:
关系代词whom用来指人,是宾格,常用在书面语中作定语从句的宾语。在口语和非正式文体中,常用who/that来代替whom或省略,如例句4。
3)当关系代词that或which修饰事物,作介词宾语时,如果介词位于关系代词之前,则用which(不能省)而不用that。
⑹The tool with which he is working is called a saw = The tool(that/which)he is working with
is called a saw.他干活的那个工具叫锯子(不说…with that…)
⑺The factory in which his father used to work was closed last month = the factory
(that/which) his father used to work in was closed last month.
他父亲以前工作过的那家工厂上个月关闭了。
说明:含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。
Is this the watch (which/that)you are looking for?
这是你正在找的那块手表吗?
The babies(whom/that)the nurses are looking after are very healthy.
那些护士正在照顾的宝宝们非常健康。
被动语态
结构:1.行为动词的被动语态: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词.
be有人称.时态.数的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样.
一般现在时 am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
一般过去时 was/were +及物动词的过去分词
一般将来时 will +be +及物动词的过去分词
现在完成时 have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词
2.情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词 + be +及物动词的过去分词
否定式:是在助动词 be 或情态动词后加not构成
疑问式:是把上述助动词或情态动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成.
被动语态主要的用法
1)我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁(这时 都不带由by引起的短语)。
The book is written for teachers. 这种书是为教师写的。
2)动作的承受者是谈话的中心(这时可带有by引起的短语)。
The shop is run by a young man.这家商店是由一个年轻人经营的。
3)出于礼貌措辞等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者 是谁。
It is generally considered not advisable to smoke here.一般认为在这儿吸烟是不妥当的。
4)被动结构能使句子得到更好的安排。
Liu Dehua appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.刘德华在台上出现,观众给予了热烈的掌声。
5)在汉语中被动结构的句子是很多的,有些带有“被”、 “受”、“由”等词,译成英语时较易想到用被动结构。
①他被选为我班班长。He was elected monitor of our class.
但在更多情况下却不带这类标记,这种情况值得特别注意。
②运动会什么时候开? When will the sports meet be held?
注 意
点:1.只有及物动词能构成被动语态, 不及物动词不能构成被动语态.
2.某些不及物动词与介词.副词搭配构成短语动词,带有宾语时,则有了动作的承受者,这时应把它们看作一个整体,变为被动语态,不能丢掉其中的介词,常用的有look after,take care of,cut down, laugh at,talk about,turn on等
eg.Catherine always takes care of the little girl.
→The little girl is always taken care of by Carherine.
3.有些动词短语本身即是被动语态的形式, 不要再加by 短语,常用的有
be covered with be surprised at be interested in be worried about
be made of/from be known to
4.某些动词形式是主动语态,但含有被动的意思.
eg. This dictionary sells well. This kind of car drives fast. The woolen sweater costs $ 88.
5.主动语态与被动语态的相互变化关系
主动句: 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
(动作执行者) (动作承受者)
被动句: 主语 +谓语动词的被动形式+ by + 动作执行者
(动作承受者)
重点词组的太多了 字数超过限制 我发到给你消息上的
⑸ 高中衔接英语必备知识
高中英语语法为王。高一主要学习几大类从句,包括定语从句,名词性从句和状语从句。你可以先预习起来。如果单词量不够的话,建议买一本大学英语四级词汇(其中大多数都是高考考纲要求的词汇)背起来。
希望对你有帮助,记得采纳。
⑹ 高一英语必修一知识点详细
英语学习所学的知识点比较细,比较杂,同学们要一个单词、一个短语、一个句子地逐个区分它们之间的差别和联系,这样才能应对高中英语的考试。所以同学们有必要对高中英语所学知识进行总结,方便大家知识的掌握。下面小编为大家提供高一英语必修一知识点总结,供大家参考。
高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit1-2
☆重点句型☆
1.Whatshouldafriendbelike?询问对方的看法
2.Ithinkhe/sheshouldbe…表示个人观点的词语
3.Ienjoyreading/I'mfondofsinging/Ilikeplayingcomputergames.等表示喜好的词语
4..
“when"作并列连词的用法
5.What/Who/When/Whereisitthat...?强调句的
特殊疑问句结构
6.,
...“with+宾语+宾补”的结构做状语
7.Canyoutellmehowtopronounce...?带连接副词
(或代词)的不定式做宾补的用法
☆重点词汇☆
1.especiallyv.特别地
2.imaginev.想象
3.aloneadv./adj.单独,孤独的
4.interestn.兴趣
5.everydayadj.每天的,日常的
6.desertedadj.抛弃的
7.huntv.搜寻
8.sharev.分享
9.carev.在乎,关心
10.totaln.总数
11.majorityn.大多数
12.survivev.生存,活下来
13.adventuren.冒险
14.scaredadj.吓坏的
15.admitv.承认
16.whileconj.但是,而
17.boringadj.令人厌烦的
18.exceptprep.除……之外
19.qualityn.质量
20.favouriteadj.最喜爱的
☆重点短语☆
1.befondof爱好
2.treat…as…把……看作为……
3.makefriendswith与……交朋友
4.arguewithsb.about/oversth.与某人争论某事
5.huntfor寻找
6.inorderto为了
7.share…with与……分享
8.bringin引进;赚钱
9.agreat/goodmany许多…
⑺ 如何做好高一新生的英语过渡工作
对于刚刚步入高一的学生来说,在初高中衔接的过渡阶段存在一些问题。从大的方面来讲,初高中英语教材的差异给高一新生带来了不适应,初高中英语教法和学法的差异给高一新生带来了不适应,自身从初中到高中角色的转换带来了英语学习的不适应。因此,教师与学生面临的最大任务就是如何做好初高中课程的顺利衔接与平稳的过渡工作。而对于来自各个农村偏远地区的初级中学的农村学生而言,由于英语基础薄弱,初高中英语的衔接与过渡尤其显得重要,它直接影响到高中英语能否直接开展、教学任务能否完成,甚至影响到三年以后的高考。
一、高一新生在学习过程中所面临的衔接任务
1.教材任务上的变化。
甘肃现行的初中英语教材是人教版英语教材,有对话、阅读、练习,独立性较强,以模仿和记忆居多,侧重阅读篇章中的语言知识(包括语法)的学习及练习。而高中英语教材则侧重听力、写作的训练,与初中教材相比,不仅课堂环节增加了,课文所涉及到的题材也大大地拓宽了。这对于高一新生而言,的确需要一段时间才能适应。
2.词汇记忆与使用上的区别。
根据《初中英语新课程标准》,初中毕业生应“学会使用1500-1600个单词和200-300个习惯用语或固定搭配”。高中英语则要求“学会使用3300-3500个单词和400-500个习惯用语或固定搭配”。由此可见,高中英语的词汇量是初中英语的两倍以上。不仅如此,词汇考查还要求学生既要了解英语词汇常见的汉语意思,又要掌握它们在特定语境中不同的含义及用法。
3.语法掌握与应用上的差异。
在语法方面,初中英语学的主要是基础语法,基本的用法掌握以后就可以了。而到了高中阶段,不但要求学生全面掌握语法知识点,而且语法更注重的是在语法填空与短文改错中的灵活运用,确实有一定的难度和灵活度。
4.考查目标不同。
基础知识和语言能力是初中英语考查的目标,而高中更重视综合语言知识与能力的运用。如:阅读量及其分数比重增加,书面表达能力的测试力度加大。高中英语短文写作在结构上要求完整,在语言表达上要求准确、语句流畅,在内容上要求有自己的思想或观点,在体裁上要求掌握多种体裁的写法,是对学生英语能力的一种综合检测,从词法到句法、从篇章结构到标点符号都一一考查。但这种综合能力正是学生所缺乏的,这也是我们高中英语教师在教学中要解决的问题。
以上高中英语学习内容和任务的变化的确有相当的难度,既要复习巩固初中的基本知识内容,又要学习高中英语中的新知识与技能,提升综合解题能力。
二、做好衔接与过渡学习工作中应对的策略
1.补全初中缺漏知识,适应高中新教材。
首先进行语音、句子成份以及句子结构的复习巩固。小学并未教授音标,初中也没有系统教授,所以音标的学习就显得很重要。高中词汇量猛增,学习了音标,就为学生自主识读单词打下了基础。同时,高中阶段,语法教学是重难点,很多语法项目都与句子成份有密切的关系,但许多学生连最基本的主系表、主谓宾结构都不能辨别,因此句子结构的学习至关重要。
在教材方面,教师要深入学习和分析初高中教学大纲和教材,归纳出初高中知识的交集,对已学过的知识适当复习。针对学生的水平,活用教材,对高一教材内容大胆而谨慎地进行删减;使备课和讲课更符合农村学生实际,更具有针对性,避免出现课堂内容过多过繁;重视学生学习中的疑点、重点和难点,有的放矢,真正发挥指导者的作用。
2.进行初高中英语学习的心理转变。
初中大多数学生是在教师任务型、指导性的情况下完成学习任务的,学生是一种被动消极的学习心态。而高中英语学习则需要学生以一种积极的、主动自觉的心态去完成课程预习、导学案的完成以及相关高考模拟的限时训练。教师应该有针对性地对他们进行正确引导,端正学习态度,消除消极情绪,让他们明白高一年级虽然是起始年级,但它是整个高中阶段打基础的重要阶段。
3.制定具体的英语学习计划,培养英语学习习惯。
(1)单词短语的记忆:在高一阶段,教师要扎实做好学生的单词记忆工作,指导学生记忆单词时要把词根、前缀、后缀结合起来,三者缺一不可;同时,根据艾宾浩斯记忆遗忘规律, 使用“不断复习,反复循环” 方法进行单词记忆。
(2)养成定时阅读写作训练的习惯:功夫是练出来的,英语阅读写作也是如此。在高一阅读写作训练过程中,一方面,要对初中的词汇、语法等知识点进行反复的复习掌握,完成初中英语知识的查漏补缺工作;另一方面,要尽快熟悉高中英语题型,学会完成英语阅读写作任务的方法与技巧,提高英语测试成绩,提高英语学习的信心。
(3)定时复习归纳与及时反思总结:课堂上学的内容,课后都要进一步整理笔记,复习重点和难点,利用早自习时间熟读或背诵;还要通过归类、分析和比较,使知识条理化,并根据学生个人的实际有针对性地复习。解题方面,建议学生设置一个纠错本,把练习题、试卷上出现的易错点、易混点进行分类整理归纳,找出自己的错误规律,逐个解决,定时复习,提高自己的解题能力。
总而言之,通过多年的教学实践,我感到,如果教师和学生在以上几个方面做出努力,在一定程度上就会帮助和促进学生尽快地适应高中英语的学习了。
⑻ 高一的英语知识点有哪些
高一的英语知识点:
不定冠词a,an与one同源,表示微弱的一的概念,但并不强调数目,用来表示不确定的人或事物。
A用在辅音前,而不是辅音字母前;an用在元音前,而不是元音字母前。
a university in Asia
1.表示同类中的任何一个
A cat has nine lives.
2.表示泛指的某人、某物
I know a John Lennon,but not the famous one.
3.表示数量的
He has a daughter.
4.表示单位数量的每一
I earn 10 dollars an hour.
5.表示相同的
The two birds are of a color.
6.用于集体名词前
He grows up in a large family.
7.在某种情况下可用于抽象名词和物质名词前
China has a long history.
⑼ 高一英语总结,急
高一英语知识点总结(上册)
重点词组:
1. fond of “喜爱,爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。例如:
He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗?
He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。
2. hunt for = look for寻找
I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。
hunt for a job 找工作
3. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to. 如:
He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.
In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。
4. care about
1) 喜欢,对……有兴趣 = care for
She doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。
2)关心 = care for
She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.
她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。
3)在乎,在意(接从句或不接任何成分)
These young people care nothing about what old people might say.
这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。
5. such as 意为“诸如……”,“像……”,是用来列举人或事物的。
She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目,像物理、化学。
6. drop sb a line 留下便条, 写封短信
7、make yourself at home 别客气;随便;无拘束
(1) If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.
如果你在我之前到我家,自己喝点饮料,随便一点。
8、stay up 不睡;熬夜
(1) I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.
我将回家很晚,不要等我了。
(2) He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.
他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。
9、come about 引起;发生;产生
(1)How did the accident come about?
这场事故是怎么发生的?
(2) They didn't know how the change had come about.
他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。
10、except for 除……之外
(1) except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如:
①He answered all the questions except the last one.
除去最后一个,他回答了所有问题。
②We go there every day except Sunday.
除了星期天,我们天天去那里。
(2)except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如:
①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.
除去一个老太太,这辆公共汽车全空了。
②Your picture is good except for the colours.
你的画儿很好,只是某些色彩有问题。
(3)但在现代英语中,except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是:
He answered all the questions except for the last one.
(4) 另外,在介词短语之前只能用except,不能用except for。如:
We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.
除了夏季,我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。
11、end up with 以……告终;以……结束
(1) The party ended up with an English song.
聚会以一首英文歌结束。
12、more or less 几乎;差不多;大约;大概;大体上
(1) I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.
我差不多成功了,而他们没有。
(2) Our living condition has more or less improved.
我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。
13、bring in 引进;引来;吸收
(1) We should bring in new technology.
我们应该引进新技术。
(2) He brings in 800 dollars a month.
他一个月挣八百美元。
14、get away(from) 逃离
(1)The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.
小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。
(2)I caught a really big fish but it got away.
我钓到了一条好大的鱼,可是它逃掉了。
15、watch out (for)注意;留心
(1)Watch out! There is a car coming.
小心!汽车来了。
(2)Watch out for the hole in the road.
留神路上的那个坑。
16、see sb. off 给某人送行
Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.
明天我到火车站给朋友送行。
17、on the other hand 另一方面(用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等,常说on the one hand …… on the other hand一方面……另一方面)
I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.
我知道这份工作报酬不高,但从另一方面来说,我也不必工作太长时间。
18、as well as sb (sth)而且
He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.
她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。
19、take place 发生 take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位
take sb’s place 或take the place of sb / sth代替、取代The Olympic Games take place / are held every four years.
20、on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧;着火;起火”,有静态的含意。Catch fire有动态的含意。
Set… on fire / set fire to …用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。例如:
Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.瞧,剧院着火了,咱们去帮忙救火吧。
21、on holiday 在度假,在休假中
When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。
holiday(holidays)一般指“休假”
Tom and I are going to have a holiday. 我和汤姆准备去度假。
I've already had my holidays this year. 我今年已经度过假了。
22、travel agency
A business that attends to the details of transportation, itinerary, and accommodations
for travelers. 旅行社一种为旅行者提供细致的运输、旅行和住宿方面服务的行业
Also called: travel bureau
23、take off 1)脱下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。
2)(飞机)起飞
The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。
3)匆匆离开
The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车,匆匆离开去公园。
24. go wrong v. 走错路, 误入岐途, (机器等)发生故障
25. in all adv. 总共
26. stay away v.外出
27. look up 查询(如宾语为代词,则代词放中间)
Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查单词。
相关词组:look for 寻找;look after照顾,照料; look forward to期待;look into调查;
look on旁观;look out注意;look out for注意,留心,提防;look over翻阅,查看,检查;look around环视;look through翻阅,查看。
28、run after追逐,追求
If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子,你一只也抓不到。
29、on the air广播
We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。
This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。
30、think highly/well/much of对……评价很高, 赞赏, 对……印象好
He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。
I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。
think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好, 好……不在意, 不赞成, 觉得……不怎么样
I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。
31. leave out 1) 漏掉 You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.
2) 删掉, 没用 I haven’t changed or left out a thing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。
32. stare at (由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴,睁大眼睛地)凝视,盯着看
Don’t stare at foreigners. It’s impolite.不要盯着外国人看,这样不礼貌。
比较:glare at (to stare angrily at)怒视着
这两个小男孩互相怒视着,随时准备开战。
33. make jokes about 就……说笑
They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。
have a joke with … about …跟某人开关于某事的玩笑。
He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。
play a joke on…开某人的玩笑
We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。
v. joke about取笑 They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英.
45.take over 接管;接替;继承
what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。
Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接
管(他的工作)。
46. break down
1) 破坏;拆散
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。
The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。
2)(机器)损坏 Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。
The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。
3) 失败;破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。
4) 精神崩溃;失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。
5) 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。
47、get on one’s feet
1)站起来;站起来发言
2)(=stand on one's feet)自立, 经济上独立
3)(人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢复, 复苏(指企业)
48、go through
1) 经历;经受;遭到
These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。
2) 完成;做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。
3)通过;批准 The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。
Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。
4)全面检查;搜查
They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。
重点句型
1.“So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的,“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句,则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。
例如 He’s tired,and so am I.(=I’ m also tired.)
You can swim,and so can I.(=I can also swim.)
She has had supper,and so can I.(=I’ve had lunch,too.)
Tom speaks English,and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English,too.)
A: I went to the park yesterday.
B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)
2.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序,so相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实,语气较强,意思是“确实如此”。
例如 A:It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。
B:So it was.的确如此。(=Yes,it was.)
A:You seem to like sports.
B:So I do.(=Yes,I do.)
A:It will be fine tomorrow.
B:So it will.(=Yes ,it will.)
3.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in
my composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。
4.So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相同情况,必须使用本句型,不能使用so 引起的倒装句。
She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.
5、There you are. 行了,好。
这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。如:
There you are! Then let's have some coffee.
除此之外,还可以表示“瞧,对吧(果然如此)”的语气。例如:
There you are! I knew we should find it at last.
对吧!我就知道我们最终能找到的。
6、have some difficulty (in) doing sth.
干某事有困难;接名词时,常用句型:have some difficulty with sth.
①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?
你理解英语口语有困难吗?
②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.
她说她在发音方面有困难。
7、have a good knowledge of sth.
“掌握……”,“对……有某种程度的了解”
①He has a good knowledge of London.
他对伦敦有所了解。
②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.
8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.
一棵又一棵的树被水冲倒、冲断。那水肯定有三米深。
“must have + 过去分词”表示对已发生事情的猜测。在英语中,must,may,can三个情态动词可用来表示对事情的猜测。Must意为“肯定”,语气很有把握;may意为“可能”、“也许”,语气把握性不大。两者常用在肯定句中。Can意为“肯定”、“也许”,常用在否定句或疑问句中。Must,may,can三者用于表示猜测时,其后面可跟三种不同的动词形式:1)跟动词原形表示对现在事情的猜测;
2)跟be doing表示对正在发生事情的猜测;3)跟have done表示对已经发生的事情的猜测。例如:
Helen is Lucy’s good friend. She must know Lucy’s e-mail.海伦是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的电子邮件。
We can hear loud voices in the meeting room. They must be quarrelling.我们可以听到会议
室很吵。他们肯定在吵架。
I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago. He can’t have gone to Australia.我刚才还在大门口见
过杰夫。他不可能去了澳大利亚。
9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很有趣。
fun “好玩,趣事”,不可数名词,前面不加不定冠词a。
You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。
make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a
strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。
funny adj. “可笑的,滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿着他父亲
的衣服,看上去很滑稽。
10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……
许多看过这部电影的人都不敢在海里游。
afraid 用法说明:
1)害怕人/ 物,如:be afraid of sb / sth
2)不敢做某事,如:be afraid to do sth / of doing sth
He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night.
3) 担心会发生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into the
river.
4) 给人不愉快的信息或不赞同某人意见时, 用I’m afraid …, 如:
I’m afraid I’ve got bad news for you.
I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.
11、It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。
这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型,其中to finish eating everything 是主语,it是形式主语。
12、I wish you all the best.我祝你万事如意.
用wish来表示祝愿的结构是wish sb sth, 此外我们还可以用may来表示祝愿: May sb do sth如:
May you succeed.
13、Where there is a river, there is a city. 有河流的地方就有城市。
Where在这里引导的是地点状语从句,相当于介词in/ at/ to + the place + where从句9定语从句),意思是“在……地方”。 例如:
Where there is smoke, there is fire.无风不起浪;事出有因。
He lives where the climate is mild.他住在气候温暖的地方。
14、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia .
圣彼得堡人民坚强不屈、充满自豪、团结一致,他们是俄罗斯当代的英雄。
Strong, proud, and united为前置定语,在这里相当于一个非限制性定语从句:
The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes
of Russia . 当主语比较短时,这类短语常常放在句首。
15. Congratulations!是一句祝贺用语,在使用时要用复数形式。其他几个通常以复数形式出现表达特定含义的名词有:
manners(礼貌):He is a little boy with good manners.这个小男孩很有礼貌。
regards (问候):Please send my regards to your parents.请代我问候你父母。
16. Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.
没四年,世界各地的运动员们都要参加奥运会。
“every + 基数词 + 时间/ 距离单位”词表示“每多少时间/ 距离”。如:
every five days(每五天), every three hours(每三小时), every ten metres(每十公尺)
类似表达形式还有:every fifth day, every third hour
“每隔一天”的表达形式有:every second day, every two days, every other day.
17、Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and
to send e-mail or surf the Internet.现代的手机不仅仅是电话机—它们也当坐照相机和收音机使用,还可以发送电子邮件和上网。
use A as B 把A用作B。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代,人们把石头用作耕作的
工具。
use sth to do sth用某物来做某事。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.
在古代,人们用石头来捕杀动物获取食物。
18、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no
matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是:无论我们在何处或正在做什么,我们都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持联系。
1) seem 似乎,好像,其用法及搭配有:
seem + adj., 如:
This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.
这个问题看似复杂,其实很简单。
seem to do
I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪儿见过他。
It seems that…,
It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。
It seems as if…,
It seems as if it’s going to rain.看来快要下雨了。
2) no matter无论,不管,后面常跟疑问词引导的从句,其意相当于疑问词后加ever。如 no matter what=whatever; no matter where=wherever; no matter how=however; no matter when=whenever例如:
No matter when (Whenever) I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat.
不管我什么时候遇见他,他总是戴着那顶旧礼帽。
No matter how (However) expensive the cellphone is, I’ll buy it because I need one badly.
无论这手机有多贵,我都要买。因为我急需有个手机。
重点语法:
直接引语和间接引语
1. 直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。
eg: “I broke your CD player.” (一般过去时改成过去完成时)
He told me he had broken my CD player.
Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”
(现在完成时改成过去完成时)
Jenny said she had lost a book.
Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”
(一般将来时改成过去将来时)
Mum said she would go to see a friend.
过去完成时保留原有的时态
He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”
He said they hadn’t finished their homework.
注意 直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变。
2. 在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:
Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”
Mary said her brother was and engineer.
3. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如:
He said, “Can you run, Mike?”
He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
4. 直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。如:
“Pass me the water, please.”said he.
He asked him to pass her the water.
5. 直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如:
She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”
She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
现在进行时表将来的动作
现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬间动词。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。
(1)用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按计划或安排要发生的动作。
(2)现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于:前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。
He is reading a novel.
他在看小说。
The train is arriving soon.
火车就要进站了。
(3)用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。
(4)现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于:前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的,而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。
What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你们打算干什么?
The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight.
飞机今晚七点半起飞。
限定性定语从句
1、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先
行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who ( 宾格whom,
所有格whose)和关系副词where, when,关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,
同时又作定语从句的一个成份。
⑴The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. 住在我的隔壁的人是卖菜的。
在该句中the man 是先行词