Ⅰ 新人教版六年级英语知识点总结
随着小学英语教学日益为国家和全社会所重视,在许多地方的小学英语已经成为了一门必修课。新人教版六年级英语有哪些知识点呢?接下来我为你整理了,一起来看看吧。
新人教版六年级英语知识点:句型
1. allow *** to do sth 允许某人去做某事后接动词不定式
My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.
2. asked *** not to do sth 叫某人做事某事叫某人不要去做某事
My father asked me to study hard.
He asked me not to swim alone.
be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事
I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.
3. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
She is afraid to ask me questions.
4. be afaid of doing sth 害橘兆怕做某事
I am afraid of going out at night.
5. be afaid of sth 害怕某物
He is afraid of snakes.
6. be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶
He was amazed to meet the girl there.
be amazed at sth 对某事感到惊讶
they were amazed at the news.
7. be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事常考
I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。
I am busy with my work.
8. be ing/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来
the bus is ing/the dog is dying.
9. be excited to do sth 对做……感到兴奋
游州Jacky was excited to travel there by plane.
be excited at sth
Lily was excited at his words.
be excited about doing sth
he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.
10. be frightened to do sth 害怕去做某事
Sam is frightened to ride a horse.
11. be glad/happy to do sth 高兴去做某事
She is happy to clean theblackboard with me.
be pleased to do sth高兴做某事
She was pleased to helpthe old man yesterday.
be pleased with sth 对某事感到高兴/满意
The teacher was pleasedwith my answer.
12.be interested in sth/doing sth 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣
She is interested inswimming in the river.
My btother is interestedin Chinese.
13. be/get ready for/to do sth be ready for 为某事做神伍蔽好了准备
We are ready for the exam.
Be ready to do sth 为做某事做好了准备
We are ready to have a birthday party for her.
get ready for sth为某事在做准备
We are getting ready for the exam.
14. be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇
be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊奇
This is nothing to be surprised at.
I'd be surprised to see him on such an occasion.
15. be worth doing sth 值得做某事worth 后接动词-ing形式,常考
It was too remote to be worth thinking about.
16. begin to do sth begin/start to do/doing sth开始去做某事
When do children begin to go to school?
17. can/be able to afford to buy sth 有能力负担购买……
At this rate we won't be able to afford a holiday.
18. can/may/must do sth 能/可以/必须做某事
could/would/should/might do sth 能/将/应该/可以做某事
We may e at another time.
19. can't wait todo sth 迫不急待地去做某事
I can’t wait to hear the news.
20. decide to do sth 决定去做某事
make up one's mind to do sth 下决心去做某事常考
make a decision to do sth 对做某事作出决定
What do they decide to do?
I have made up my mind to go with him
新人教版六年级英语知识点:be动词的用法口诀
be 的用法口诀
我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它;
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。
疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
be动词的用法:be be/is/are/am/was/were
现在时 I am, you are, he is, we are, you are, they are 缩略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're, 否定缩略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't, 过去时 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were 过去时否定缩略式 wasn't, weren't, 过去分词been, 现在分词being
英语的“be”是个特殊动词;有些语言,如马来文等,并没有“be”这样的动词。
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am, is, are, been, being, was, were.
在句子中,“be”可以是主动词The Principal Verb或助动词The Auxiliary Verb
例句对照
【当主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词The Linking Verb, 后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语The plement。例如:
1. The man is a science teacher.
这个男子是一位科学教师
2. Mary's new dresses are colourful.
玛丽的新衣服色彩鲜艳
3. I have been there before.
我以前去过那里
4. My mother is watching TV in the room.
母亲现在在客厅看电视
【这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:
5. Is the man a science teacher?
6. Are Mary's new dresses colourful?
7. Have I been there before?
8. Is mother in the kitchen now?
【当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,它必须借重助动词“do”或“don't”之助,如:
9. Don't be silly!
10. Do be obedient!
11. Don't be a fool!
【“Be”有两种缩写法,如下:
12. He's not...../He isn't....
13. You're not...../You aren't...
【但“am + not”的缩写法只有一个:
14. I'm not.
有人用“ain't”, 但这并不是标准英语。
谈过了“be”作主动词的功能,现在看看“be”作助动词时,有些什么用法:
【1.】“Be + 现在分词”以组成进行式时态Continuous Tenses,如:
15. Tony's maid is washing his new car.
16. The children are playing in the field.
17. Samuel was eating when I came in.
18. We have been living here since 1959.
【2.】“情态动词+Be + 过去分词”以组成被动语态The Passive Voice,如:
19. Her money in the drawer was stolen.
20. A number of good jobs are taken up byforeigners.
21. David studied in Taiwan but has been trained as a language lecturer in America.
22. Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park?
23. The disobedient boy was told to stand out- side the classroom.
24. Steps are being taken to rece traffic con- gestion ring peak hours.
25. Dishonest students will be immediately dealt with.
新人教版六年级英语知识点:定语从句中关系代词
六个关系代词是:that/which/ who/ whom/ whose/ as , 注意关系代词在定语从句中做主宾表定语。
which表物人用who,人物都有that顾;
先行词是物,关系代词用which,也可以用that;先行词是人,关系代词用who,也可以用that;先行词中既有人,又有物,关系代词只能用that。
例句 1 This is the mountain village which/ that I visited last year.
这就是我去年参观的那个山村。
解析:先行词mountain village是物,可用which或that, 因为定语从句中visit后缺宾语,说明which或that应该在定从中做宾语,所以还可以省略。
例句 2The manthat/whom / who you met just now is my friend.
你刚刚见到的那个人是我的朋友。
解析:先行词man表人,关系词可以用who/that/whom,因为定语从句中缺宾语,关系代词应该在定语从句中做宾语,所以可以省略;另外,whom是专门用来做宾语用的,而who则只是在口语中才用。
例句 3This magazine belongs to the teacher whothat teaches us history.
这本杂志是我们历史老师的。
解析:先行词teacher是人,关系代词用who或that, 因为在定语从句中做主语,所以不能省略。
例句 4He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
他谈到了他所见到的老师和学校。
解析:先行词 the teachers and schools 中既有人又有物,关系代词只能用 that, 又因为that在定语从句中做宾语,所以又可以省略。
which用在逗号后,意表前句你要know;
这是which用在非限制性定语从句中的一个用法。
例句1He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。
解析:which是关系代词,指代前面的一句话:他似乎没抓住我的意思。
例句2Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。
解析:which是关系代词,指代前面的一句话:液态水变为蒸汽。
who做主语很称职,whom用到宾语里;
先行词是表示人的词,定语从句中如果缺主语,要用who做关系代词,如果缺宾语,正规场合下用whom, 口语中也可以用who。
例句 1He is the boy who often goes to school late.
他就是那个经常上学迟到的男生。
解析:先行词the boy 指人,后面的定语从句中缺少主语,因此用关系代词who。
例句 2She is the old woman whom I saw this morning.
她就是我今天早晨看到的那位老太太。
解析:先行词the old woman指人,后面的定语从句中缺少宾语,所以用whom,口语中也可以用who。
Ⅱ 1至六年级英语知识点梳理
小考是大多数家长都关心的事情,我在这里整理了小学一到六年级的英语知识点,希望能帮助到大家。
01
名词
名词单复数、名词的格
1.名词单复数
一般情况,直接加s,如book-books,bag-bags。
以s、x、sh、ch结尾,加es,如bus-buses,box-boxes。
以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加es,如family-families,strawberry-strawberries。
以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加es,如knife-knives。
不规则名词复数
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese.
不可数名词的复数就是原型,如paper、juice、water、milk、rice、tea。
2.名词的格
(1)有生命的东西的名词所有格
①单数后加’s,如Lucy’s ruler。
②以s结尾的复数名词后加’,如his friends’ bags。
③不以s结尾的复数后加’s,如children’s shoes。
并列名词中,如果把’s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有。如Tom and Mike’s car(汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车);要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’s。如Tom’s and Mike’s cars(汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车)。
(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of +名词”来表示所有关系。如a picture of the classroom a map of China。
02
冠词
不定冠词、定冠词种类
1.不定冠词:a / an
元音开头的可数名词前用an。
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera
2.定冠词:the
用法:
特指某(些)人或某(些)物:The ruler is on the desk。
复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater。
谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school。
在序数词前:John’s birthday is February the second。
用于固定词组中:in the morning / afternoon / evening。
不用冠词的情况:
专有名词前:China is a big country。
名词前有定语:this、that、my、your、some、any、no等。
复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can’t swim / They are teachers。
在节日、日期、月份、季节前:Today is Christmas Day / It’s Sunday。
一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30。
球类、棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home。但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well。
学科名称前:My favorite subject is music。
在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li。
固定词组中:at noon / at night / by bus。
03
代词
形容词、副词
1.代词:人称代词,物主代词
主格/宾格
第一人称
单数 I me(我) my(我的)
复数 we us(我们) our(我们的)
第二人称
单数 you you(你) your(你的)
复数 you you(你们) your(你们的)
第三人称
单数 he him(他) his(他的)
she her(她) her(她的)
it it(它) its(它的)
复数 they them(他们/她们/它们) their(他们的/她们的/它们的)
2.形容词、副词:比较级和最高级
(1)形容词的比较级
①形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more、a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。
②形容词加er的规则:
一般在词尾加er ;
以字母e结尾,加r ;
以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;
以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er。
③不规则形容词比较级:
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful.
(二)副词的比较级
1.形容词与副词的区别(有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后;
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后。
2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化:well-better、far-farther)
04
数词
基数词、序数词
1.数词
(1)1-20
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty.
(2)21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。
23→twenty-three, 34→thirty-four, 45→forty—five, 56→fifty-six, 67→sixty-seven,
78→seventy-eight, 89→eighty-nine, 91→ninety-one.
(3)101-999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数。
586→five hundred and eighty-six, 803→eight hundred and three.
(4)l000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand,第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion。
1001→one thousand and one.
18423→eighteen thousand, four hundred and twenty-three.
6260309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine.
750000000000→seven hundred and fifty billion.
2.序数词
(1)一般在基数词后加th。
four→fourth, thirteen→thirteenth.
(2)不规则变化
one→first, two→second, three→third, five→fifth, eight→eighth, nine→ninth, twelve—twelfth.
(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th。
twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth.
(4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。
twenty-first, two hundred and forty-fifth.
3.基数词转为序数词的口诀
基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th。
一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t、d、d。
八去t,九去e,ve要用f替。
ty将y变成i,th前面有个e。
若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。
05
介词
常用介词:in、on、at、behind等
1.at表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)
at 1:00(dawn, midnight, noon) 在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午)
2.on
(1)表示具体日期。
注:
①关于“在周末”的几种表示法:
at(on)the weekend 在周末(特指)
at(on)weekends 在周末(泛指)
over the weekend 在整个周末
ring the weekend 在周末期间
②在圣诞节,应说at Christmas而不说on Christmas。
(2)在(刚……)的时候。
On reaching the city he called up his parents.
一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。
3.in
表示“时段”“时期”,在多数情况下可以和ring互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。
in(ring)1988(December, the 20th century) 在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)
06
动词
动词的四种时态
1.一般现在时
(1)一般现在时的构成
①be动词:主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如I am a boy (我是一个男孩)。
②行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。 如We study English (我们学习英语)。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加"s"或"es"。如Mary likes Chinese (玛丽喜欢汉语)。
(2)动词+s的变化规则
①一般情况下,直接加s,如cook-cooks、milk-milks。
②以s、x、sh、ch、o结尾,加es,如guess-guesses、wash-washes、watch-watches、go-goes。
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加es,如study-studies。
2.一般过去时
动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A.规则动词
①一般直接在动词的后面加ed,如 worked、learned、cleaned、visited。
②以e结尾的动词直接加d,如 lived、danced、used。
③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少),如study – studied、carry – carried、worry – worried。(注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少),如stopped。
B.不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)
小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:
sing – sang, eat – ate, see – saw, have – had, do – did, go – went, take – took, buy – bought, get – got, read – read, fly – flew, am/is – was, are – were, say – said, leave – left, swim – swam, tell – told, draw – drew, come – came, lose – lost, find – found, drink – drank, hurt – hurt, feel – felt.
3.一般将来时
基本结构:
①be going to + do
②will+ do. be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天) = I will go swimming tomorrow。
(4)现在进行时: am、is、are+动词现在分词
动词的ing形式的构成规则:
①一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing、going、working、singing、eating。
②以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having、writing。
③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running、swimming、sitting、getting。
相关知识:小学英语的学习方法
第一步:课前预习很重要。
很多家长对孩子的英语学习非常重视,为了让孩子取得更好的成绩家长们不断地与教师进行沟通与交流,寻找学好英语的方式方法,如何学习才能使他们对英语的学习产生兴趣?教师结合实际教学经验作出总结:课前预习工作很重要。预习,就是使孩子在上课之前独立地学习将要讲述的内容,为课堂学习做准备。通过预习,使孩子们对将要学习的英语知识有一个大致的了解,做到心中有数,在课上讲解的时候就可以有重点的听。预习还无形中锻炼了孩子的自学能力,对于英语的学习有很大好处。
第二步:课上认真听讲。
课上认真听讲是英语学习的重中之重。教师会将一节课的内容清晰、有条理地罗列出来,一定要跟着教师的讲课思路,注意听讲,积极回答问题,预习时遇到的不理解的地方要着重听,遇到问题及时提问,争取利用有限的课堂时间将教师讲述的英语知识完全掌握。
第三步:课下做好复习。
课下复习的任务是艰巨的。人的记忆能力是有限的,已经记住的东西如果不进行复习的话会慢慢忘记,英语的学习也是一样,尽管课上将教师讲述的知识点都掌握了,但如果课下不加强复习很容易将知识忘却,教师们可以针对这种现状为孩子们制定一些学习小任务,使他们自然融入到英语知识的复习中,加强记忆。
第四步:大量地做习题,巩固基础知识点。
通过大量地做习题来巩固英语知识点是一种非常高效的学习方法,在掌握基本的知识点以后,寻找一些相关的习题练习,将知识点实际应用于题目中,更好地理解知识的含义及用法,使英语基础知识点得到有效的巩固。