❶ 现在进行时的结构用法
现在进行时是初中 英语学习 的重点,同时也是常考内容,因此熟悉现在进行时的结构、用法等内容,有利于提升英语成绩,下面就来详细了解现在进行时,进而完善初中英语时态知识体系。
现在进行时,现在进行时的结构用法
现在进行时的定义
现在进行时,从字面上理解,就是“现在正在进行、发生的动作”,表示动作发生的时间是“现在”,动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。
所谓“正在进行中”,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中。至于它是什么时候开始的,什么时候会停下来,不是我们关心的。
所以“正在进行时”的事件,可能发生几年了,也可能只有几分钟。仍在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。
现在进行时的构成
句式构成如下:
肯定句式:主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+ 其它 .
否定句式:主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它.
一般疑问句:Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它?
现在进行时的用法
A表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 例:We are waiting for you.
B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 例:Mr. Green is writing another novel.
(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) 例:She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动。
I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了) we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了)
在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况:
(1)当 句子 中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打 篮球 。
(2)以look, listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
Listen!She is singing an English song.听,她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week, these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。如:
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如:
Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
现在进行时,现在进行时的结构用法
现在进行时的常见考法
对于现在进行时的考查,多以单选或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的 能力。在考试中,会让大家判断是否该用现在进行时,或填写现在分词,或进行句型转换。
典型例题1: Listen, who________(sing) in the music room?
解析:以 listen开头,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。所以应用is singing
典型例题2:The boys are visiting the history museum。(对划线部分提问)
解析:对动作提问用What,现在进行时,把are 提到主语前,加doing。
答案:What are the boys doing?
误区提醒 :
在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作,用现在进行时表示将来时,这类情况常与come来,go去, leave离开,depart离开,arrive到达,stay逗留,start开始等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态,主语必须是人。
典型例题:They are (leave)for New York tomorrow.
解析:题意为“明天他们将要动身前往纽约”。虽然tomorrow 表示“明天”,表达未来,但leave要用现在进行时表示将来时,所以应用leaving 。
现在进行时的练习题
一、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy is __drawing____ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls are singing________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother __is cooking________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _are____ you doing______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They ____are having_____( have) an English lesson . 6.They aren't watering________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ___is dancing_________(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our daughter doing? She is listening______ (listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We are having_____________(have)supper now 10._Is_____Helen___washing_________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
二、选择填空。
( )1. Some are _________ in the river and some are _____ games.B
A. swiming, skating B. swimming, skating C. swimming, skateing
( )2. Look! The boy students are ___ football while the girls are ________.B
A. playing, dance B. playing, dancing C. play, dancing D. play, dance
( )4. ________ he ______ on well with his friends this term? A. Dose, gets B. Dose, get C. is, getting D. Is, geting D
( ) 5. Mr. Smith ______ short stories, but he ______ a TV play these days.C
A. is writing, is writing B. is writing, writes C. writes, is writing D. writes, writes
( ) 6. I _______ to the cinema. I _________ there every Sunday.B
A. go. go B. am going, go C. go. am going D. am going, am going
( ) 7. Look. they _________ a good time, _________ they?D
A. have, do B. have, don't C. are having, are D. are having, aren't
( ) 8. You ________about the future (将来) now, ________you?D
A. don't think, don't B. aren't thinking, aren't C. don't think, do D. aren't thinking, are
现在进行时的结构用法相关 文章 :
1. 英语中时态结构和用法知识讲解
2. 现在进行时的用法相关知识介绍
3. 过去与现在进行时的用法
4. 10个现在进行时的句子
5. 初一英语语法现在进行时练习
6. close的用法和短语例句
7. 初二英语全部语法总结
8. PEP小学英语语法点讲解——时态
9. 初一英语语法学习知识点总结(词法、句式、时态)
10. 七年级英语语法知识点归纳整理
❷ 人教版pep小学英语教材知识点汇总
小学生现在都是需要学习英语这门学科的,为的就是以后长大之后有一个好的前途,人教版pep小学英语教材涉及到的知识点还是相当多的,建议小学生在复习之前要把人教版pep小学英语教材知识点整理在一起,这样复习也便捷一些,下面是权威专家对人教版pep小学英语教材知识点的总结。
人教版pep小学英语教材一、学习用品
pen钢笔 pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子 eraser橡皮 comic book漫画书 schoolbag书包 crayon蜡笔 Chinese book语文书 notebook笔记本 dictionary词典 bag包magazine杂志 story-book故事书 newspaper报纸 sharpener卷 post card明信片 English book英语书 math book数学书 book书
二、人体
foot脚 head头 face脸 hair头发 nose鼻子 finger手指 leg腿 tail尾巴 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手
三、颜色
red红 blue蓝 yellow黄 green绿 white白 pink粉红 purple紫 orange 橙 brown棕 black黑
四、动物
cat猫 dog狗 pig猪 ck鸭 rabbit兔 horse马 elephant大象 fish鱼 bird鸟 eagle鹰 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 ant蚂蚁 beaver海狸 bear熊 donkey驴 goose鹅 deer鹿 monkey猴 goat山羊squirrel松鼠 panda熊猫 lion狮子 tiger老虎 fox狐狸 zebra斑马 hen母鸡 giraffe长颈鹿 turkey火鸡 lamb小羊 sheep绵羊 cow奶牛 squid鱿鱼 lobster龙虾 shark鲨鱼 seal海豹 sperm whale抹香鲸 killer whale虎鲸 kangaroo袋鼠
人教版pep小学英语教材五、人物
friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母亲 father父亲 sister姐妹 brother兄弟 man男人 uncle叔叔;舅舅 woman女人 Mr。先生 Miss小姐 lady女士;小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸 parents父母 son儿子 daughter女儿 kid小孩 baby婴儿 grandparents祖父母 grandma/grandmother(外)祖母 robot机器人 grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父 visitor参观者 aunt姑姑 cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹 classmate同学 queen女王 neighbour邻居 tourist旅行者 principal校长 people人物 university student大学生 pen pal笔友
六、职业
teacher教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机 farmer农民 singer歌唱家 writer作家 actor男演员 actress女演员 artist画家 engineer工程师 accountant会计 cleaner清洁工 salesperson销售员 baseball player棒球运动员 assistant售货员 police警察 policeman(男)警察 policewoman(女)警察
TV reporter电视台记者 weather reporter天气预报
七、食品、饮料
rice米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水 egg蛋 fish鱼 tofu豆腐 cake蛋糕 cookie曲奇 biscuit饼干 jam果酱 noodles面条 tea茶 meat肉 chicken鸡肉 pork猪肉 salad沙拉 soup汤 Coke可乐 mutton羊肉 ice冰 ice-cream冰淇淋 juice果汁 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐 lunch午餐 dinner/supper晚餐 meal一餐 hot dog热狗 hamburger汉堡包 French fries炸薯条 vegetable蔬菜
八、水果、蔬菜
apple苹果 banana香蕉 pear梨 orange橙子 grape葡萄 eggplant茄子 green beans青豆 tomato西红柿 potato薯仔 peach桃 strawberry草莓 cucumber黄瓜 onion洋葱 carrot胡萝卜 cabbage卷心菜 watermelon西瓜
人教版pep小学英语教材九、衣服
jacket夹克衫 pants长裤 skirt短裙子 dress连衣裙 socks袜子 jeans牛仔裤 T-shirt丅恤衫 shirt衬衫 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣 raincoat雨衣 shorts短裤 sneakers网球鞋 slippers拖鞋 sandals凉鞋 boots靴子 hat(有沿的)帽子 cap便帽 cloth布 sunglasses太阳镜 tie领带 scarf围巾 gloves手套 trousers裤子 clothes 衣服
十、交通工具
bike自行车 bus公共汽车 train火车 jeep吉普车 ship轮船
yacht快艇 motor cycle摩托车 boat小船 car小汽车 taxi出租车 van小货车 plane/airplane飞机 subway/underground地铁
十一、杂物
window窗户 door门 desk课桌 chair椅子 computer计算机 board写字板 fan风扇 light灯 teacher’s desk讲台 picture图画;照片 wall墙壁 floor地板 curtain窗帘 trash bin垃圾箱 closet壁橱 mirror镜子 end table床头柜 present礼物 walkman随身听 lamp台灯 sofa沙发 football/soccer足球 phone电话 shelf书架 fridge冰箱 bed床 table桌子 TV电视
air-conditioner空调 key钥匙 lock锁 photo照片 chart图表 plate盘子 knife刀 fork叉 spoon勺子 chopsticks筷子 pot锅 gift礼物 toy玩具 doll洋娃娃 ball球 balloon气球 kite风
筝 jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏 box盒子 umbrella伞 zipper拉链 violin小提琴 tube管子yo-yo溜溜球 nest鸟窝 hole洞 toothbrush牙刷 menu菜单 e-card电子卡片 money钱e-mail电子邮件 traffic light交通灯 medicine药
十二、地点
home家 room房间 bedroom卧室 bathroom卫生间 living room起居室 kitchen厨房
classroom教室 school学校 park公园 library图书馆 post office邮局 police office警察局 hospital医院 cinema电影
院 bookstore书店 farm农场 zoo动物园 garden花园 study书房 playground操场 canteen食堂 teacher’s office教师办公室 library图书馆 gym体育馆 flat公寓 washroom卫生间 art room绘画教室 computer room计算机教室 music room音乐教室 city城市 TV room电视机房 company公司 factory工厂 fruit stand水果摊 pet shop宠物商店 nature park自然公园 theme park主题公园
science museum科学博物馆 the Great Wall长城 supermarket超市 bank银行 country国家 village乡村 hometown家乡 bus stop公交车站
人教版pep小学英语教材十三、课程
sports体育运动 science科学 Moral Ecation 思想品德
课 Social Studies社会课 Chinese语文 math数学 PE体育课 English英语课
十四、国家、城市
China/PRC中国 America/USA美国 UK联合王国 England英
国 Canada/CAN加拿大 Australia澳大利亚 New York纽约 London伦敦 Sydney悉尼 Moscow莫斯科 Cairo开罗
十五、气象
cold寒冷的 warm温暖的 cool凉爽的 snowy下雪的 sunny晴朗的 hot炎热的 rainy下雨的 windy有风的 cloudy多云的 weather report天气预报
人教版pep小学英语教材涉及到的所有知识点全部都在上面文章中了,希望小学生能够按照专家的推荐去进行复习,每一种类型的单词放在一起背诵会变得容易很多,背的时间久了你会发现原来背诵单词也是有很多学问的,而且通过技巧背上的单词印象绘更深刻。
❸ 新目标九年级英语上册第一单元的重要知识点和考点
1.aloud adv.出声地(使别人能听得到)
Reading aloud is a good way in leaning English.
朗读是学英语的一个好方法。
▲loud adj. 大声的,声音洪亮的,loud—louder—loudest
He talked in a loud voice so that everyone could hear him.
他说话声音很大以便于每个人都能听得到他。
▲adv. loud—louder—loudest
Don’t talk so loud.The kids are reading.
说话小声些,孩子们正在看书。
(Speak)louder,please!
请再说高一些!
▲loudly adv吵吵闹闹地,噪声地
I heard someone knocked loudly at the door.
我听到有人在使劲敲门。
They are talking loudly in the next room.
他们在隔壁说话声很大。
2.voice n.噪音,鸟鸣声
She has a sweet voice.
她声音很甜美。
She raised her voice so that she could be heard.
她提高了嗓音队便于别人能听清楚。
He lost his voice./He had no voice because of the cough.
因为咳嗽,他失声了。
▲noise n噪音,吵闹
Don’t make so much noise.
别弄出那么大的噪音。
I heard a strange noise outside.
我听到外边奇怪的声音。
▲sound n.(自然界中的)声音,响声
Sound travels slower than light.
声音的传播比光慢。
3.memory n.(计算机的)储存器
A lot of information is stored in the memory.
计算机的储存器能储存很多信息。
▲n.记忆力
He has a poor memory after the car accident.
车祸后他的记忆力很差了。
▲n. 回忆,怀念
I have a pleasant memory of my childhood.
我对童年有美好的回忆。
▲memorize/memorise vt. 记住,背过
He can memorize new words very quickly.
他能很快记住很多单词。
4. frustrate vt.使失望,使沮丧
The serious illness frustrated his dream for college.
他上大学的梦想遭受挫折。
▲frustrating adj. 令人失望的
What he said is frustrating.
他所说的话很令人失望。
She finds it frustrating to watch English movies.
她觉得看英语电影很令人失望(因为看不懂)。
▲frustrated adj. 失望的,沮丧的
He was frustrated when he failed again in the test.
当他再次考试没及格后,他很失望。
5.add vt. 增加,加
She tasted the soup and added more salt.
她尝了尝汤,又加了些盐。
▲add to 增添
His coming added to our trouble.
他的到来给我们添了很多麻烦。
▲add up to 总计达……,加起来……
The number of the students in our class adds up to 55.
我们班上学生的数目加起来是55人。
▲vt. 补充说,又说
He said goodbye to us and added that he would visit us again.
他和我们说了再见,又说他会再来看我们的。
6. excite vt.使兴奋
The news that our team had won excited everybody.
我们队赢了的消息令所有的人很激动。
▲exciting adj.令人兴奋的
The soccer game is exciting.
那场足球赛很令人激动。
▲excited adv. 兴奋的,激动的
We were very excited at the news.
当听到那个消息,我们很激动。
7.speak(speak—spoke—spoken)说(语言),讲话
Can you speak French?
你会说法语吗?
Do you know who will speak at the meeting?
你知道谁要在会上发言?
▲talk to/with sb 与某人谈话,talk about/of sth/sb谈论某人或某事
He was talking to/with his friend whom I called him.
当我给他打电话时,他正在和他的朋友谈话。
What are you talking about?
你们在说什么?
▲say 说(后接说的内容)
What did he say at the meeting?
他在会上说了什么?
She said she would be back the next week.
她说下周回来。
▲tell 告诉
tell sb sth 告诉某人某事(接双宾语)
Who told you the news?
是谁告诉你的那个消息?
▲讲,说
tell stories讲故事,tell a lie撒谎,tell the truth说实话
Grandma used to tell stories to me when 1 was young.
我小的时候,奶奶经常给我讲故事。
Don’t believe him! He is telling a tie.
别信他!他在撒谎。
To tell you the truth,I don’t quite agree with you.
老实说,我不太同意你的意见。
8.complete vt.使完全,使完整,(圆满完成)
She’s trying to complete collection of the CDs.
他试图收齐那套CD。
▲adj. 巧完整的,完全的
Can you make complete sentences?
你会造完整的句子吗?
He is a complete stranger to me.
他对我来说完全是陌生的。
9.secret n.秘密
It’s a secret between you and me,so don’t tell it to others.
那时我们之间的秘密,所以不要告诉别人。
▲adj. 秘密的
Let’s keep it secret from others.
咱们不让别人知道此事。
Let the cat out of the bag.= Let out the secret.
泄露秘密。
10.impress vt.使感动,给……深刻印象
What he did impressed everybody present.
他的事迹给在场的人留下了深刻的印象。
The beautiful sights of the country impressed all of us.
那个国家的美景打动了我们所有的人。 、、
▲impressed adj. (被)感动的
We were impressed by what he did.
我们被他的话所感动。
11. native n. 当地人,本国人
When we were on vacation in Brazil,we lived like the natives.
我们在巴西度假时,就像当地人那样生活。
The kangaroo is a native of Australia.
袋鼠是产于澳洲的动物。
▲native speaker 生来就说某种语言的人
He speaks English so well that we all think he is a native speaker·
他的英语说得太好了,我们都认为他是个本地人。
▲native language 母语
Marx was born in Germany,and German was his native language.’
马克思出生在德国,法语是他的母语。
Important phrases(重点词组)
人民教育出版社教学资源分社
1.1isten to cassettes 听磁带
2.first of all 首先
3.work/study with a group 和小组一起学习
4.watch English language TV 看英语电视
5.spoken English 英语口语
6.writing practice 写作训练
7.join an English club 加入英语俱乐部
8.1ater on 以后;随后
9.look up words(in a dictionary) 查同典
10.native speakers 生来就说某种语言的人
11.not at aIl 根本不;一点也不
12.end up 结束
13. ask the teacher for help 求助于老师
14.make up 组成;编造
15.enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
16.take notes 做笔记
17.make mistakes 犯错误
1 8.make flashcards 制作认读卡片
19.read aloud 朗读
20. have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
Important sentences(重点句子)
人民教育出版社教学资源分社
1. How do you study for a test?
你怎样准备考试?
▲study for a test prepare for a test 准备考试
— What were you doing when I called last night?
一I was studying for the math test.
一 昨天晚上我打电话时你在干什么?
一 我在准备数学测验。
2. I study for an English test by listening to cassettes.
我听录音准备英语测验。
▲by 靠,用(方法,手段等),后接动名词(doing…)
He makes a living by repairing bikes.
他靠修车为生。
▲listen vi.后加to再接名词。
My sister was listening to music when I got home.
当我到家时,姐姐正在听音乐。
Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
听!有人在敲门。
3.He studies by asking the teacher for help.
他靠求助于老师来学习。
▲ask sb for help求助于某人
—You can ask me for help if you have trouble.
—Thank you.1 will.
— 如果你有麻烦,你可以求助于我。
一 谢谢。我会的。
4.Do you ever practice conversations with friends?
你曾经和朋友练习过会话吗?
▲ever adv. 用于疑问句和否定旬中,“曾经”
Do you ever worry that you’11 fail a test?
你担心考试会不及格吗?
▲practice vt.(Am.E) = practice (Br.E) 练习
▲在美国英语中practice既可作名词又作动词;但在英国英语中practice为名词;practise为动词。
5. What about listening to cassettes?
听录音怎么样?
▲what about + n./pron/doing? =how about + n/pron/doing。例如:
What/How about going to the movies tonight?
今晚去看电影怎么样?
6. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?
靠朗读来练习发音怎么样?
read aloud 朗读
Reading aloud is very helpful in leaning English.
朗读在学英语中很有帮助。
7.I’ve learned a lot that way. 我那样学到了很多。
▲a lot 代表一个不可数名词。例如:
Though he is young,he knows a lot.
他虽然很小,但他知道很多。
▲that way相当于一个副词,way用于which,this,that之后,构成短语,“那样”。如:
Don’t talk to your parents that way.
别那样和父母说话。
8.It improves my speaking skills.
它能提高我的口语技巧。
▲Improve vt. 改进,改善,提高
His work is improving slowly.
他的工作在慢慢改进。
Her pronunciation has greatly improved.
他的发音大大提高了。
▲speaking skill 口语技巧 listening skill 听力技巧
writing skill 写作技巧 reading skill 阅读技巧
9. It’s too hard to understand to voices.
听懂不同的声音很困难。
▲too + adj./adv. + to do “太……而不能……”。又如:
He is too young to go to school.
他太小,不能上学。
She runs too slow to catch up with me.
她跑得太慢追不上我。
10.This week we asked students at New Star High School about the
best ways to learn more English.本周我们问新星中学学生关于多学点英语的最好方法。
▲ask sb about sth 询问某人关于……的情况
Ask her about the pen that you lost.She may have found it.
问问她你丢的钢笔,也许她捡到了。
▲the best ways to do sth = the best ways of doing sth 做……的好办法
Who can tell me the best way of memorizing/to memorize new words?
谁能告诉我记单词的最好办法是什么?
11. She said that memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.
她说记流行歌曲的歌词也有点帮助。
▲that引导的是宾语从句,在宾语从句中memorizing the words of pop songs为动名词短语作主语。例如:
Teaching English is my job.
教英语是我的工作。
Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操对你的身体有好处。
▲a little有点,代表不可数名词,其反义词为a lot。
一Would you like some sugar in your coffee?
你的咖啡里想加糖吗?
一Yes.just a little.
好,要一点点。
12.He’s been learning English for six years and really loves it.
他学英语有六年了,并且很喜欢它。
▲“has/have been doing sth”现在完成进行时,表示从过去某一时间开始持续到现在,还要进行下去的动作。又如:
She has been learning English for 5 years.
她学英语有五年了。
He has been reading for 2 hours and hasn’t finished it yet.
他看书有两个小时了,但还没有完成。
13. He finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly.
他发现看英语电影很令人失望,因为人们说话太快。
▲动名词watching movies在此句中作宾语,又如:
I like playing basketball.
我喜欢打篮球。
▲frustrating为现在分词充当形容词作用,在句中作宾语watching movies的宾语补足语。
▲find sb/sth + n./adj./doing “发现某人……”,后面的“n./adj./doing”作宾语补足语。又如:
I find him a hard-working student.
我发现他是个勤奋的学生。
I find physics difficult to learn.
我发现物理很难学。
When she got home,she found him lying in the bed,i11.
当她到家时,她发现他躺在床上病了。
14.She added that having conversations with friends wasn’t helpful at a11.
她补充说和朋友练习会话一点帮助都没有。
▲having conversations with friends为动名词短语作宾语从句中的主语,要特别注意,动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,不要与friends一致。例如:
Taking care of the little kids is her job.
照看孩子们是她的工作。
▲not…at all 一点也不,用来加强语气,又如:
I don’t agree with him at a11.
我一点也不同意他的意见。
15. We get excited about something and then end up speaking in Chinese.
我们会因为某件事变得很激动,最后用汉语来描述。
▲end up达到某种状态或采取某种行动,又如:
At first he said nothing but he ended up apologizing.
一开始,他什么也不说,到头来还是道了歉。
16.1’m doing a survey about learning English.Can l ask you some questions?
我正在就关于学习英语作调查。我能问你几个问题吗?
▲do a survey about sth/doing sth 关于……作调查
Last week,we did a survey about surfing the Internet.
上周,我们就网上冲浪作了个调查。
▲some用于疑问句时,表示希望得到肯定回答,如果只是询问信息,可以用any代替some用于疑问句和否定句中。又如:
Could you please lend me some money?
你能借给我些钱吗? (希望得到肯定回答)
Did you buy her any gifts?
你给她买礼物了吗?(询问信息)
17.1 often keep an English notebook.
我经常记英语笔记。
▲keep vt. 记录(某事),在某物上做书面记载
She kept a diary for over twenty years.
她写日记有20多年了。
I have the habit of keeping notes.
我有记笔记的习惯。
18.I can’t pronounce some of the words.有一些单词我不会发音。
▲some/many/all/most/none/few…of the + 名词
Most of the students love reading.
多数学生喜欢看书。
19.1 make mistakes in grammar.
我在语法方面老犯错误。
▲make a mistake/make mistakes 犯错误
Don’t be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English.
当说英语时不要怕犯错误。
by mistake 错误地.
Do you know that potato chips were invented by mistake?
你知道炸薯片是被错误发明的吗?
20.I don’t know how to use commas.
我不知道怎样使用逗号。
▲此句的宾语是由疑问词how加不定式to use commas构成的,这是个简单句,它可以改为一个复合句。例如:
I don’t know how I should use commas.
I don’t know what to do.= I don’L know what I should do.
我不知道该做什么。
Can you tell mc when to start? = Can you tell me when I should start?
你能告诉我何时出发吗?
21.Why don’t you join an English language club to practice speaking English?
你为什么不加入一个英语俱乐郝来练习说英语昵?
▲Why don’t you do…? = Why not do…? 表示建议,意为“为什么不……?”,又如:
Why don’t you/Why not go to school by bike when there’s heavy traffic?
当交通很拥堵时,你为什么不骑白行车上学呢?
▲join加入某组织成为其中的成员,take part in参加某种活动,attend参加会议,报告,演讲等。例如:
His father joined the Party in 1976.
他爸爸是1976年入的党。
People often take part in sports after work.
工作之余人们经常参加体育活动。
I attended an important meeting yesterday.
昨天我参加了一个会。
22. l don’t have a partner to practice English with.
我没有同伴一起练习英语。
▲此处的不定式to practice English with作定语,修饰a partner。又如:
The teacher has something to say.
老师有话要说。
He has no room to live in.
他没有房子住。
23.First of all,it wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked to the class.
起初,对我来说听懂老师在班里讲话都不是件容易的事。
▲first of all 最初,首先
First of all she just smiled,then she started to laugh.
最初她只是笑,后来才放声大笑。
▲It is/was + adj. + for sb to do (句式)对某人来说做某事…… 例如:
It is difficult for me to learn physics well.
对我来说学好物理很难。
It is important to learn English.
学英语很重要。
24.To begin with,she spoke too quickly,and l could not understand every word.
一开始,她说得太快了,我不能听懂所有的话。
▲to begin with = to start with 首先,一开始,第一
To begin with he had no money,but later he became quite rich.
他起初没钱,可是后来相当富有了。
▲not…every + 可数名词单数 = not all + 复数名词表示部分否定“并非所有的”又如:
You don’t have to remember every word.
你没必要记住所有的字。
Not all the students live far away from school.
不是所有的学生都住得离学校远。
25.Later on,I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word.
后来,我意识到如果有些词听不懂没关系。
▲later on 后来,以后
At first things went well,but later on they ran into trouble.
起初事情进展地很顺利,但后来他们遇到了麻烦。
▲realize vt. 意识到,认识到(有一个逐渐认识的过程),不用于进行时和被动语态。例如:
One day you’ll realize that you are wrong.
总有一天你会意识到你错了。
▲that引导的是realize的宾语从句,在宾语从句中又出现了if引导的条件状语从旬。例如:
It doesn’t matter ff you can’t drive a car.
如果你不会开车没关系。
26.Also l was afraid to speak in class, because I thought my classmates might laugh at me。
我还害怕在班里发言,因为我怕同学会嘲笑我。
▲be afraid of sth/to do/of doing sth 害怕/不敢/恐怕做某事
I used to be afraid of the dark.
我过去常常怕黑。
She’s afraid to go/of going out alone at night.
她害怕夜晚独自出去。
▲might 表示可能性
He might know her telephone number,but I’m not sure.
他可能知道她的电话号码,但我不确定。
▲laugh at sb 嘲笑
It’s bad manners to laugh at people in trouble.
嘲笑陷入困境的人不礼貌。
27. 1 think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner.
我认为做大量的听力练习是成为一名好的语言学习者的秘诀之一。
▲doing lots of listening practice 动名词短语作主语。
▲one of the secrets of doing sth 做某事的秘诀之一,要注意one of与复数名词搭配。例如:
He is one of the students who are good at soccer.
他是喜欢足球的学生中的一员。
28.Another thing that l found very difficult was English grammar.
另一个我发现很困难的东西是英语语法。
▲that引导的是定语从句,修饰another thing,that在定语从句中作found的宾语。又如:
Is there anything that I can do for you? = Can I help you? = What can I do for you?
我能为你做点什么? (你买什么?)
29.Then l started to write my own original sentences using the grammar 1 was learning.
然后我用学过的语法造有独创性的句子。
▲start/begin to do sth = start/begin doing sth 开始做某事
original sentences 有独创性的句子,新颖的句子
▲1 was leaning为定语从句,修饰grammar,省略了先行词that。
30. It’s amazing how much this helped.
真是不可思议了,这样做很有帮助。
▲It's amazing + 从句/to do sth “……真是太惊奇了”。
It’s amazing to meet an old friend in a foreign country.
在国外遇到老朋友,真是太惊喜了。
▲It为形式主语,真正的主语是how much this helped
在例句中,真正的主语是不定式to meet an old friend in a foreign country。
31.Now I am enjoying learning English and l got an A in this term.
现在我很喜欢英语,并在这学期得了个“A”。
▲注意:“A”前边用不定冠词,选用冠词时要看字母的发音,即元音音素开头的用“an”。例如:
There is a “U” and an “R’’ in the word “hour’’.
在单词“hour”里面,有一个“U”和一个“R”。
32.She had trouble in making complete sentences.
她造完整的句子有困难。
▲have trouble in doing sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
He had trouble in understanding native speakers.
他听外国人说话有困难。
▲make sentences 造句
Do you find it hard to make complete sentences?
你发现造完整的句子很困难吗?
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