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大一英语必备知识点

发布时间: 2024-11-01 06:42:54

❶ 高一英语必修一知识点

必修

I---Unit 5

I---V Nelson Mandela



a modern hero

一、知识点

1. A

great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.

伟人是把自己的生命

奉献给帮助别人的人。



He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the

science.

他开始研究生态学,

并决心将他的一生献身于这门科学。

He devoted himself entirely to

music.

他将一生奉献给了音乐。



2. fight against

对抗,反对,与„„作斗争

We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice.

在共同反对非正义行为的斗争中

,

我们都

是同志

.

People often have to fight for their liberty.

人们往往不得不为自由而战。

He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.

他与他妻子总是在为

由谁来照看孩子而吵架。

3. He worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese soldiers.

作为一个医生他

无私地在中国工作,并且拯救了很多中国战士。

4. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people’s rights; people’s l

ivelihood.

他主张三民主义:民主、民权、民生。

5. be free from

免于,不受

A

judge must be free from prejudice.

法官必须不抱成见。

6. in a peaceful way

以和平的方式

7. be in prison

入狱,在狱中服刑

in the prison

在监狱

8. the same



as

„和„„一样

9. the first man to land on the moon

第一个登上月球的人

10. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.

第一次见到他的时候是

在我一生中非常艰难的时期。

(定语从句)

11. He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.

他十分慷慨地给予我时间,

我为此非

常感激。



He is generous with his money.

他花钱大方。

I am grateful to you for helping me.

感谢

你的帮助。

Our grateful thanks are e to you.

我们衷心感谢你。



12. have little ecation

受的教育少

13. I could not read or write well.

我既不会读也不会写。

14. I worried about whether I would become out of work.

我担心我是不是会失业。

15. I became more hopeful about my future.

我对自己的未来充满了希望。



I am hopeful that

she will come tomorrow.

我对她明天要来抱着希望。



16. as soon as I could

尽快,

马上

17. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress,

until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.

(定语从句)

过去

30

年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利,

阻挡我们的进步,

一直到今天,

我们还处在几乎什

么权利都没有的阶段。



The 19th century saw many changes.

许多变革发生于

19

世纪。

at an

early stage in our history

在我们的历史早期)

18.



we were

put

into

a

position

in
which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.
我们被置于这样一个境地:要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实,要么
跟政府作斗争。

❷ 高一英语必修一知识点整理

高一英语必修一的学习,是大家进行高中英语学习的基础,所以高一新生要做好知识点的整理,为以后的学习打好基础。
高一英语必修一Unit1知识点总结
1.be good to对友好be good for对有益;be bad to/be bad for

2.add up加起来 增加

add up to合计,总计

addto把加到

3.notuntil/till意思是直到才

4.get sth/sb done使完成/使某人被

5.calm down平静下来

6.be concerned about关心,关注

7.当while,when,before,after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。

While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose.

8.cheat in the exam考试作弊

9.go through经历;度过;获准,通过

10.hide away躲藏;隐藏

11.set down写下,记下

12.I wonder if我不知道是不是

12.on purpose故意

13.sth happen to sb某人发生某事

sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事

it so happened that正巧 碰巧

14.It is the first(second)that(从句谓语动词用现在完成时)

15.in one’s power处于的控制之中

16.It’s no pleasure doing做没有乐趣

It’s no good/use doing sth.做某事是没好处/没用的

17.She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.it做形式宾语

18.suffer from患病;遭受

19.sothat/suchthay

20.get tired of对感到劳累 疲惫

21.have some trouble with sb/sth.在上遇到了麻烦

22.get along with sb/sth.与某人相处

23.ask(sb)for advice.(向某人)征求建议

24.make后接复合宾语,宾语补足语须用不带to的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:

make sb.do sth.让(使)某人做某事

make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物

make sb./oneself+v-ed 让某人/自己被

When you speak,you should make yourself understood.

make sb.+n.使某人成为

25.alone /lonely.单独的/孤独的

26.I would be grateful if委婉客气提出请求

27.Why not do=why don’t you do
高一英语必修一知识点总结:Unit2
1.because of因为(注意和because 的区别)

2.even if(=even thoug)即使,用来引导让步状语从句

3-ke up走上前来,走近,发生,出现 come up with 追上,赶上,提出

4-kmunicate with sb和某人交流

5.be different from与不同

be different in在方面不同

Most of my projects are different in performance.我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。

6.be based on以为基础

7.at present目前,眼下for the present眼前;暂时

8.make(good/better/full)use of

9.the latter后者 the former前者

10.a large number of大量的 the number of的数量

11.such as例如

12.hold on坚持住,握住不放;(打电话时)等会

13.you will hear the difference in the way(that/in which)people speak.

你会听出人们在说话时的差异。

14.play a role/part(in)在中担任角色;在中起作用;扮演一个角色

15.the sameas与一样

16.at the top of在顶上

at the bottom of在底部

17.bring up教养,养育;提出

18.request sb(not)to do sth.要求某人做/不要做某事

19.be satisfied with对感到满意,满足于

20.suggest v.(request,insist)

I suggested you do what he says.我建议你按照他说的去做。

I suggest you not go tomorrow.我想你明天还是不要去了。

His pale face suggested that he was in bad health.他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。

21.according to按照根据
高一英语必修一知识点归纳:Unit3
1.prefer

Prefer doingto doing

Prefer to do rather than do

2.advantages/disadvantages优势/劣势

2.Ever since middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起,我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。

连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,介词since与时间点连用

It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时自从至今已经多久了。

3.persuade sb to do sth=persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事

4.强调句型It is/was+被强调部分+that/who

强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说,如果被强调部分是人时,用连词that或who;如果被强调部分是物,只能用连词that。

notuntil的强调句

5.be fond of喜欢,喜爱

6.Although尽管,虽然,引导让步状语从句

① although 从句多在句首,though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置,而且though 可以作副词用于句末,作但是,不过讲,而although 无此用法。

② as though(仿佛,好像),even though(即使,尽管)中不能用although。

③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首,此用法同as),而 although 不可以。

7.insist on doing sth/sth.一定要、坚持主张

She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.

她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大

11.care about关心 在乎

care for喜欢,照料,照顾

12.change one’s mind改变主意

13.experience经历/经验

14.Once可作为从属连词,作一(旦)就解,连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时\现在完成时表将来。

Once you have begun you must continue.

15.give in让步 give up 放弃

16.instead of代替,而不是

17.make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事

18.a large parcel of一大包

19.as usual像往常一样

20.put up our tent搭帐篷

21.stay awake睡不着,醒着stay up熬夜

22.for company做伴

23.lie beneath the stars躺在星空下

24.can hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事

25.go in the right direction走正确的方向

26.at a very slow pace.以很慢的速度

27.be similar to类似于

28.afford to do sth付得起,能承担

29.be tired from因而疲劳be tired of对厌倦

30.be in high spirits喜气洋洋,兴高采烈

31-ke true实现,成真

32.give sb some advice on doing...

33.a guide to的指南

34.on a tour在游览中,在巡演中

35.in detail详细地

❸ 高一英语必修三知识点总结

第一单元
1. starve
vt.&vi. (使)饿死;饥饿;渴望,急需;饿得要死 Shes starving herself trying to lose weight. 她为了减肥而忍饥挨饿。 常用结构:
starve for渴望得到…… starve to death 饿死 be starved of极需,缺乏
starve sb. into sth./ doing sth.使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事 The plants are starving for water.这些植物极需要水。 They got lost in the desert and starved to death.
The engine was starved of petrol and wouldn’t start. starvation n. 挨饿;饿死
2. belief n. \[C/U\] 信任;信仰,信心 believe vi.&vt. 相信
have belief in sth./sb. 对某物/某人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心 beyond belief 难以置信 in the belief that ... 相信…… It is my belief that ...我相信……
He has great belief in his doctor.他对他的医生无比信赖。 She has lost her belief in God.她已不相信上帝。 3. gain
n. 获得;增加;获利,获得物;收益;利润 vt. 得到;获得,赢得,增加,增添,到达;(钟、表等)快 He gained full marks in the examination.他考试得了满分。
For the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is. The company has made notable gains in proctivity.
My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快5分钟。易混辨析
gain/win/get/earn/acquire
gain指在斗争,竞争中做出很大努力而“获得……”,所得到的东西常具有一定价值。 win含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思,意为“赢得”。 get为普通词,有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到”。 earn意为“赚得”,表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。
acquire意为“获得,取得”,一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。4. award
vt. 授予,奖给(后多接双宾语,在多数场合下用被动形式be awarded);判定 n.奖,奖品;奖金
Medals were awarded to the best speakers on the debating team. He got the highest award in the contest. award/prize/reward
award既可作动词也可作名词,指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而
进行的奖励,往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。
prize为名词,多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得,有的凭运气获得。
reward既可作动词也可作名词,指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金。 He won the award for the best student of the year.
A prize was given to the person who had the winning number. He received a medal as a reward for his courage.
5. admire vt. 赞美;钦佩;羡慕。其后可接人或物作宾语,但不可以接宾语从句作宾语。 admiration n. 赞美,钦佩;令人赞美的人或物 admirer n. 钦佩者;羡慕者
admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩或羡慕某人 express admiration for sb. 对某人表示钦佩 have great admiration for sb. 十分钦佩某人 in admiration of 表示钦佩
with/in admiration 心怀钦佩地They admired our garden.他们羡慕我们的花园。 I admire him for his success in business. Aren‘t you going to admire my new house? 联想拓展
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱/除去某物 suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事 accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 demand answer of sb.要求某人答复 ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙 6. remind
vt. 提醒;使想起 常用结构:
remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人记住/想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that ...提醒某人/使某人想起……
I reminded Gerald of his promise.我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。 Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 常用结构:
易错辨析
选词填空(clothing/clothes/cloth)
①The instry in this area has been going from strength to strength. ②It’s cold outside. You’d better put on more . ③How much does it take to make a blouse for a girl? 答案:①clothing②clothes③cloth 联想拓展
take the first place 获得第一名 break out指火灾、战争或瘟疫的突然爆发。
联想拓展
结构。
联想拓展
搞恶作剧;诈骗;开玩笑
孩子们在愚人节那天捉弄了他们的老师。
记住不要戏弄残疾人。 联想拓展
高手过招
用适当的介词填空 (原创) ①Tom liked making fun others in public. ②It’s bad manners to laugh the disabled. ③These boys like playing tricks their teacher. ④He smiled me when he heard my funny answer. 答案:①of②at③on④at 期待某事/做某事(to为介词,后接名词或动名词) 我们应该展望未来。
我熟悉他的作品,并期待他能就文艺创作方面发表自己的见解。 带有介词“to”的短语可用下面这两句话帮助记忆:
习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物,这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道。不喜欢这种事实的人谈到此事时,总期待着增添自己的努力使它开始改变。
习惯于be (get) used to,坚持stick to,反对object to,导致lead to,献身于be devoted to,被宣判为be sentenced to,喜欢prefer...to,谈到come to,期待look forward to,增添add to,开始get down to。 高手过招 ①The boy hurried forward (see) the worldfamous oil painting because he had ②The day I had been looking forward to (come).
③I used to (get) up late, but now I’m used to (get) up early.
解析: (1)选C。句意为:她盼望他归来,就如同他想见到她一样。as引导的是省略句,完整的句子是:as he himself is to looking forward to seeing her。此处分析句子结构,同时熟知出席(某活动)(常用于口语);出现;找到;把(收音机等的)音量调大一些(其反义短语是turn
我担保你的手表准有一天能找到。
我听不太清楚收音机,你把声音调大点行吗? turn on 打开;发动
turn over 打翻;移交;反复考虑 高手过招 ①It’s half past ten, but he hasn’t turned yet. ②It’s wrong to turn our motherland.
③Please turn the radio a bit; I’m doing my homewor

❹ 大学英语语法知识点归纳有哪些

大学英语语法知识点归纳如下:

1、it形式宾语:和it 作形式主语一样,常用it来作形式宾语,把真正的宾语从句放在句末,这种情况尤其出现在带复合宾语的句子中。

2、such位于句首时,主谓完全倒装。

3、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。

4、宾语从句:放在介词后面,作介词的宾语。

5、比较those who和anyone who,前者是“那些……的人”,后者表示“任何……的人”。区别就是在于those who是一个复数的概念,“那些人”,后面的谓语动词要用复数;而anyone who是表示任何一个人,后面要用单数的谓语动词。

❺ 大学英语语法必考知识点

大学英语语法必考知识点

导语:语法包含词的构词、构形的规则和组词成句的规则。下面是我整理的大学英语语法必考知识点,欢迎参考!

1. 语态和时态

—Do you see those people on the little sandy island?

—Yes, they _______ handkerchiefs for the last half hour. I wonder why.

A. were waving B. waved C. had waved D. have been waving

【正确答案】D

【高考考点】考查动词时态。现在完成进行时:表示一个从过去某一时刻开始的动作,一直延续到说话时还在进行或刚结束,句中常出现用for, since, how long等引导的时间状语。e.g. His telephone has been ringing for a long time.e.g. It has been raining since last Sunday. e.g. How long have you been wearing glasses?

【题干句意】“你有没有看见那些在小岛上的人?”“是的,我看见了。他们在过去的半小时里一直在挥手帕,我不知道为什么。”

【详细解析】这个挥手帕的动作是在半小时前开始的,然后一直在挥,一直挥到了说话的这个时候,所以我们用的是一个现在完成进行时,强调一个动作的持续。我们再来看一下其他几个时态:

A选项是were waving——过去进行时,它指的是:①过去某一时刻正在进行;②过去某一阶段正在进行;B.waved——过去时,过去某时间发生的且已完成的动作,所以我们知道A和B这两个时态都是和过去有关,而和现在是没有一点关系的,所以A和B这两个答案错了。

C. had waved——过去完成时:过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态,那么它所表达的时候是在过去的过去,例如:e.g. By the end of last year, we had built 5 new schools.到去年年底为止,我们已经建造了5所学校。首先,过去的时间是去年年底;而句子表达的意思是在去年年底之前,所以我们用过去完成时——had build.和现在是更加没有联系了,所以这个答案也是不正确的。

题干中的时间状语是“for the last half hour”,注意这个last不是指“最后的”,而是指“刚才的——在刚才的半个小时里”,那么往往呢句中出现last,或者是last half hour、recent这种词的话,我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时,因为它指的是“刚才”,那么肯定指“从刚才到现在”。所以本题答案是D.

2. 名词性从句

The information could be helpful to ____will take over the job.

A. those B. who C. whoever D. anyone

【正确答案】C

【高考考点】考查名词性从句,顾名思义就是名词,它可充当主语、表语、宾语和同位语,所以相应的名词性从句也分为有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。此题考的就是介词to后的宾语从句。

【题干句意】“这个消息可能会对任何将接管这个工作的人有所帮助。”whoever = anyone who“任何怎么怎么样的人”所以这个答案是正确的。我们再来看其他几个答案为什么不对呢?高考英语语法必考点

【详细解析】A选项是those,如果those填在这里的话就会变成缺少关系代词who,如选those,那those will take over the job“那些人将会取代这个工作”,它就变成了一个独立的句子,而不是一个从句,更加就不是一个宾语从句了,所以从原则上说它是错误的,那么怎样改才是正确的呢?很简单,只要在这个those的后面加一个关系代词who,把它变成一个定语从句——those who will take over the job,“那些将要接管这个工作的人”,那么这样就可以了。

B选项是who在名词性从句中表示疑问,e.g. Who will take over the job has not been decided yet. D选项是anyone,错误的原因也是缺少关系代词who.

比较those who和anyone who,前者是“那些……的人”,后者表示“任何……的人”。区别就是在于those who是一个复数的概念,“那些人”,后面的谓语动词要用复数;而anyone who是表示任何一个人,后面要用单数的谓语动词。

3. 虚拟语气和情态动词

—David, we went to Lake Geneva for the weekend.

—That _______ a very nice change. I wish I had gone there.

A. must be B. must have been C. could be D. could have been

【正确答案】B

【高考考点】考查情态动词。

首先A和B里面都有must,must表推测,它表示“肯定…”,这个语气是非常确定的,百分之百的;那么当must表推测的时候呢,它还可以表示不同的时间,例如:

第一,must be表示的是“现在的状态”,He must be a teacher. 他肯定是一个老师。

第二,must be doing表示“现在进行的动作”,They must be having a meeting in the office.他们现在肯定正在办公室里开会。

第三,must have done表示“过去发生的事情”,You must have met him yesterday.你昨天肯定见过他了。让我们看一下将“must have been”填到题干里面是否正确?句意:“David,我们周末去了日内瓦湖。”“哦,那肯定是一个非常好的改变,我希望我也去那里了。”这里是表示一个肯定的推测;又因为是上个周末的事情,说明这件事情已经发生了,我们所以用B. must have been,而不是A。

【详细解析】C选项是could轻微的怀疑或委婉的陈述看法,“可能”e.g. His story could be true, but I hardly think it is.他所说的这个故事可能是真的,但是我基本上不相信。

D选项是could have done虚拟语气,某事过去有可能发生而实际没有,“本来可以”,表示惋惜、遗憾e.g. The accident could have been prevented.这个车祸原本是可以避免的。e.g. You could have done better, but you didn't try your best.你原本是可以做的更好的,但是你并没有尽自己最大的努力。

4. 代词

Knowledge begins to increase as soon as one indivial communicates his ideas to _______ by means of speech.

A. other B. another C. the other D. an other

【正确答案】B

【高考考点】考查代词

【详细解析】other用作代词时,意为“另一个”、“别人”,不单独使用:the other, others, the others.

1. the other ① 两者中的另一个,与one连用(就两者),one hand / the other hand ② 用作定语 + [pl.],另一方中的“全部其余的” I like this book, and I like the other books too. 我喜欢这本书,我也喜欢其他所有的书。

2. others是other的.[pl.],泛指“别的人或物”(但不含全部) 。e.g. Some are carrying water; others are watering the trees. 一些人在提水,另外一些人在浇树。(others指的“其他人”不是剩下的全部,而是“一部分”)

3. the others是the other的复数形式,特指“全部其余的人或物”。e.g. I have ten pencils. Two of them are red, and the others are blue.我有10支铅笔,其中的两支是红色的,其余的(8只)是蓝色的。

4. another用作代词时,常与one组合构成one …another,“另一个人”、“另一回事”,指同一组内的两个个体。e.g. One person may like fishing, while another may prefer hunting.一个人可能是喜欢钓鱼,而另一个可能喜欢打猎。(世界上不可能有2个人,所以它指的是没有一个特指的,“其他一个人”)

【题干句意】知识是开始增加的,当一个个人把他的想法通过语言表达给另一个人的时候。这里指的是另一个人,并没有一个特指的范围说是谁,是哪里的另外一个人,所以用one …another。D选项没有这种用法。

5. 非谓语动词

Almost every one of the graates wants to deliver the keynote speech at the graation ceremony. For the speaker, _______is an honour.

A. invited B. being invited C. be invited D. inviting

【正确答案】B

【高考考点】考查非谓语

【详细解析】遇到动词要考虑四点:① 先判断是谓语还是非谓语;② 主语;③ 主语和非谓语动词的主/被动关系;④ 非谓语动词与谓语动词的时间关系e.g. Being exposedto the sun for too much time will do harm to one's skin.在太阳下暴露太久对皮肤有害。 e.g. The girl's being ecated in a good environment is what her parents have expected.这个女孩在一个良好的环境中受到教育是她父母所期望的。

A选项 invited是过去分词不能充当主语。C选项be invited不是非谓语形式。非谓语要么是to do不定式,要么是动名词ing,要么是现在分词ing,或者是过去分词ed. D选项语态错误,应该用被动。

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❻ 高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析

高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析

Unit1-2

☆重点句型☆

1. What should a friend be like?询问对方的看法

2. I think he / she should be…表示个人观点的词语

3. I enjoy reading / I'm fond ofsinging / I like playing computer games. 等表示喜好的词语

4. Chuck is on a flight whensuddenly his plane crashes.

“when"作并列连词的用法

5. What / Who / When / Where isit that...? 强调句的

特殊疑问句结构

6. With so many peoplecommunicating in English everyday,

... “with+宾语+宾补”的结构做状语

7. Can you tell me how topronounce...? 带连接副词

(或代词)的不定式做宾补的用法

☆重点词汇☆

1. especially v. 特别地

2. imagine v. 想象

3. alone adv. / adj. 单独,孤独的

4. interest n. 兴趣

5. everyday adj. 每天的,日常的'

6. deserted adj. 抛弃的

7. hunt v. 搜寻

8. share v. 分享

9. care v. 在乎,关心

10. total n. 总数

11. majority n. 大多数

12. survive v. 生存,活下来

13. adventure n. 冒险

14. scared adj. 吓坏的

15. admit v. 承认

16. while conj. 但是,而

17. boring adj. 令人厌烦的

18. except prep. 除……之外

19. quality n. 质量

20. favourite adj. 最喜爱的

☆重点短语☆

1. be fond of爱好

2. treat…as…把……看作为……

3. make friends with 与……交朋友

4. argue with sb. about / oversth. 与某人争论某事

5. hunt for寻找

6. in order to为了

7. share…with与……分享

8. bring in引进;赚钱

9. a great / good many许多…

10. have difficulty (in) doing做……有困难

11. end up with以……结束

12. except for除……之外

13. come about发生

14. make(a)fire生火

15. make yourself at home别拘束

16. the majority of大多数

17. drop sb. a line给某人写短信

18. for the first time第一次

19. at all根本;竟然

20. have a (good) knowledge of…精通……

☆交际用语☆

1. I think…

I like / love / hate...

I enjoy...

My interests are...

2. Did you have a good flight?

You must be very tired.

Just make yourself at home.

I beg your pardon?

Can you tell me how to pronounce...?

Get it.

☆单词聚焦☆

1.argue v. 的用法

▲构词:argument n. 1. [C]争论 2. [U]讨论.辩论3. [C]论据

▲ 搭配:

① argue with / against sb.over / on / about sth. 与某人 争论某事

② argue for / against sth.辩论赞成/反对某事

③ argue that... 主张,认为,争辩说

④ argue sb into / out ofdoing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事

▲友情提示:“说服某人做/不做某事”还可表达为:talk / persuade / reason sb. into / out of doing sth.

⑤ settle the argument 解决争端

▲友情提示:an argument with sb about / over sth. 为某事和某人而发生的争执

【考例】What laughing ____ we hadabout the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti (意大利式细面条) from plate tomouth. (2004全国卷I)

A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments

[考查目标] argue名词形式的词义。

[答案与解析] D argument的词义是“争辩,辩论”。

2.compare v. 的用法

▲构词:comparison n. 比较

▲搭配:① compare...to... 比拟;比作 ② compare... with / to... 将……和……相比较 ③ compare notes 对笔记;交换意见

【考例】 ____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does notseem big at all. (2004湖北)

A. Compare B. When comparing

C. Comparing D. When compared

[考查目标] compare的用法。

[答案与解析] D 本句compare用在句首作状语,并有“被比较”的意思。

3.consider v. 的用法

▲构词:consideration n. 考虑,思考;体谅,顾及

▲搭配:① consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 ② consider sb (to be / as)... 认为/觉得某人……③ consider that- clause 认为…… ④ take sth into consideration 考虑 ⑤ under consideration 在考虑中

【考例】Charles Babbage is generally considered ____ the firstcomputer. (NMET 1993)

A. to invent B. inventing

C. to have invented D. having invented

[考查目标] consider的几种常见用法。

[答案与解析] C consider本身是被动语态时,后接不定式的各种结构。如果表示已经发生的事情.用不定式的完成形式。

4.deserted adj. 空无一人的;被遗弃的;被抛弃的

(1) 空无一人的a deserted street / area空无一人的街道,地区;Theoffice was quite deserted.办公室里空无一人。

(2) 被遗弃的 a deserted child 被遗弃的孩子

(3)desert ['dezot] n. 沙漠

desert [dI'zo:t] vt. 丢弃;遗弃

He deserted his wife and children afterbecoming rich.

5.difficulty n.

(1) difficulty (通常作复数) 难事,难点,难题She met with many difficulties when travelling.

(2) 在以下句型中,difficulty是不可数名词,不能用复数形式。

have (some) difficulty(in) doing sth.

干某事有困难

there is (some) difficulty (in) doing sth.

have (some) difficultywith sth.

在某事上有困难

there is (some) difficulty with sth.

do sth. with difficulty / without difficulty 困难地/轻而易举地做某事

We had a lot of difficulty in finding your house.

Do you have any difficulty with your English?

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