㈠ 初三英语知识点（全部）
Unit1：by 的用法 by+v-ing
Unit2：used to be 是重点 意思是 “过去常常”
Unit3：被动语态 sb should be allowed to do sth “某人应该被允许做某事
Unit4：虚拟语气 If i were …，i would …
Unit5：sth belong to sb 某物属于某人
Unit6：定语从句
Unit7：知识点多 忘了 ⊙﹏⊙
Unit8：put off+v-ing , work as, sw+adj
Unit9：被动语态 本单元重点单词：invent，be invented ，inventor
Unit10：过去完成时 标志性词语：by the time,realize
Unit11：宾语从句，注意从句的语序 和先行词
Unit12：be supposed to 句型
Unit13:make sb do sth ,make sb adj
Unit14：现在完成时：have done结构
Unit15：各个单元都有一些 单词表里单词的句型
ps:每个单元的标题很重要
过去常常做某事 used to do sth 习惯做某事 be used to doing sth 激光唱机 a CD player 输入 put into 全神贯注于……中 put one’s heart into 想出、提供 come up with 拾起某物 pick up sth 向某人借某物 borrow sth from sb 把某物借给某人 lend sb sth/lend sth to sb 带给某人知识 give sb knowledge 在校园内的室外 outside in the schoolyard 忘记要做某事 forget to do sth 忘记曾经做过的事 forget doing sth 第二天 the next day 上一周 last week 几天以后 several days later 迟早 sooner or later 更糟糕的是 what be worse 为……而付款 pay for… 所借的书 borrowed books 在国外 be abroad 整理床铺 make the bed 把某物归还给某人 return sth to sb 从某人处得到某物get sth from sb 顺手拿走、偷走 walk away with 鼓励某人做某事 encourage ab to do sth Unit 2 水上运动 water sports 一天三次 three times a day 尝试 have a try / want a go 遍及全世界 all over the world 许许多多、大量 a large number of 一年到头，终年 all the year round 不管 no matter 放弃做某事 give up doing sth 放弃工作 give up one’s job 以冲浪为生 live to surf 看起来令人兴奋 look exciting 因……而着名 be famous for 在A和B之间 between A and B 例如 for example 从那时起 ever since 打零工 a part-time assistant 休息一晚 have a night off 使某人舒畅（开心）make sb fit 乐趣无穷 such great fun 动身去某地 leave for sw. 一等奖 first prize 冲浪竞赛 a surfing competition 奥林匹克运动会 Olympic Games 出差,因公 on business 时光飞逝，光阴似箭，日月如梭 (How) time flies! 迄今为止 so far 到某处旅游 travel to sw. 试着做某事 trying doing sth 尽力做某事 try to do sth 一个十二岁的男孩 a 12-year-old boy / a boy of 12 实现 come true 走进、踏入 step into 减速 slow down 又过了两个小时 another two hours 高度赞扬 speak highly of 因……感到自豪 be proud of doing sth / be proud to do sth 是…..的骄傲 be the pride of sb Unit 3 造纸厂 a paper factory 找出、查明 find out 倾倒, 倒入 pour… into 污水、废水 waste water 害怕某事（物） be afraid of sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of doing sth 传到某人耳中 come to one’s ears 将某物投入 throw sth in 将某物投入某处 throw sth into sw. 帮助做某事 help (to) do sth 保持城市整洁 keep the city clean 保护环境 protect the environment 绿化中国 Greener China 乱丢某物 litter / throw sth about 以……为根据 base on /be based on 在公共场所吐痰 spit in a public place 为干某事而做出(巨大)贡献 make a (great) contribution to doing sth 砍伐 cut down 收垃圾的车 a truck collecting rubbish Unit 4 尽快 as soon/quickly as possible; as soon /quickly as one can 现在 right now 乘飞机旅行 travel by plane/ air 匆匆行程 a rushed trip 火车旅途 a train ride 打的前往 take a taxi to 卧铺车箱 a sleeping car 四处走走 walk around 感到疲惫 feel tired 打牌 play cards 一直不断干某事 keep doing sth 不断老是做某事 keep on doing sth 为某人提供某物 offer sb sth 练习干某事 practise doing sth 很快睡熟了 fall fast asleep 持久 last long 持续一段时间 last for some time 旅行 go on a trip/ have a trip / be on a trip 拍照 take photos / pictures 赶快 hurry up 在某人一生中 in one’s life 留言 leave a message 冲洗, 显影 come out Unit 5 过来、加油 come on 开家庭会议 have a family meeting 谈论 talk about 去度假 go for a holiday / go on holiday 决定干某事 decide to do sth 潜水 scuba diving 在因特网上 on the Internet 上网查寻 search the Internet 双击左键 double left click 因特网图标 the Internet icon 键入网址 type in the Website 按回车键 press the enter button 花市 a flower market 驯鹿公园 a deer park 单程 one-way trip 往返双程 round trip 珊瑚礁 coral reefs 快速列车 a fast train 向前走 walk along 照直走 go straight along 请稍等 just / wait a minute Unit 6 报警 call the police 出事故 have an accident 去冲浪 go surfing 骑马 ride a horse 拜访某人 visit sb 允许某人做某事 allow sb to do sth 使它成为可能 make it possible 水下呼吸器 the scuba machine 对……感兴趣 be interested in 摄像 make videos 制作电视节目 make a TV show 对……感到惊讶 be amazed /surprised at 保护环境 save /protect the environment 保持某物清洁 keep sth clean 清理、打扫 clean up 鼓励某人干某事 encourage sb to do sth 参加……活动 take part in sth /doing sth 长达…… as long as… 在世界上 on earth / in the world 以……为生、为主食 feed on… 在沙滩上 on the beaches 警告某人做某事 warn sb to do sth 去看望、拜访某人go to visit sb 走出 get out of 就这么定了。 That’s a deal. Unit 7 能 be able to 持续做…… keep doing sth 让某人持续做某事 keep sb doing sth 操作、从事、致力于…… work on sth 改变世界 change the world 试验新的想法（创新）try out new ideas 在校上学 be in school 与……无/有关 have nothing / something to do with… 对……感兴趣 be interested in 在12岁时 at the age of 12 铁轨 railway tracks 冲过去 rush out 把孩子抱到安全地带carry the boy to safety 如此……以致…… so… that… 对……评价高，看重 think a lot of 考虑、关心 think of 开发 open up 关小 turn dow ...
㈡ 九年级英语基本语法知识
呵呵 希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈
By是个很常用的介词（有时也用作副词）,在初中英语中的用法有以下几种： 1.意为“在……旁”、“靠近”.如： Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞,有的在湖边画画儿. 2.意为“不迟于”、“到……时为止”.如： Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的. How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲? 3.表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等.如： The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑. The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父亲是那么的感激,于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息. 4.表示“逐个”、“逐批”的意思.如： One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子.5.表示“根据”、“按照”的意思.如：What time is it by your watch? 你的表几点了? 6.和take , hold等动词连用,说明接触身体的某一部分.如： I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手. 7.用于被动句中,表示行为主体,常译作“被”、“由”等.如： English is spoken by many people. 英语被许多人所说.（即“许多人讲英语.”） 8.组成其它短语. 1) by the way : 意为“顺便说”、“顺便问一下”,常做插入语.如： By the way , where’s Li Ping , do you know?
顺便问一下,李平在哪儿.你知道吗? 2) by oneself : 意为“单独”、“自行”.如： I can’t leave her by herself. 我不能把她单独留下. 3) by and by : 意为“不久以后”、“不一会儿”.如： But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以后,越来越多的人开始学英语了.
二、动名词的构成动词后加动名词doing,相当于名词,在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语定语等.1）作主语（这种用法常考）
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方与北方开战了.2）作宾语Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗?3）作表语Babysister’s job is washing,cooking and taking care of the children.保姆的工作是洗衣服,作饭和照看孩子.
Unit2
used to 的用法：（1）肯定句：used这个词没有人称的变化,to后面接动词原形. 否定句是didn’t use to….
When I was a child, I didn’t use to like apples.当我还是孩子的时候我不喜欢苹果.
疑问形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?当你来这儿之前你住哪儿?
（2）含有used to 的句子的反意疑问句不要usedn’t + 主语,而用didn’t ＋ 主语.He used to *** oke, didn’t he? 他过去常常吸烟,是吗?Yes, he did./ No, he didn’t. 是的,他吸./ 不,他不吸.
（3）used to 表示过去的习惯动作, 而不是现在的.I am used to the weather here. 我已经习惯于这里的天气了.He is used to hard work. 他习惯于艰苦的工作.
（4）used to 可以和be, have 以及其他状态动词连用,描写过去的状态. I used to be a waiter, but now I’m a taxi-driver.我过去是一个服务员,但现在我是出租车司机.
本单元的许多运用used to 的句子属于描述过去的状态.Mario used to be short. 马力奥过去总是很矮.Amy used to be outgoing. 爱米过去性格外向.Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜过去有一头直的长头发.He used to wear black shoes. 他过去常穿黑鞋.
Unit3
本单元重点讲到了被动语态的用法 英语动词的被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成.助动词be有时态,人称和数的变化,其变化规则与连系动词be完全一样.
一、被动语态的句式变化：
Unit4
虚拟语气：如果我们所说的不是事实,也不是要求、命令、劝告等,而只是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想就用虚拟语气
注意：条件句分两种,真实条件句和虚拟条件句.只有在虚拟（非真实）条件句中,才用虚拟语气,而在真实条件句中,要用陈述语气.
请比较：
（1）If it is sunny tomorrow , we’ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天气好,我们将会去公园.在这句话中,明天天气好是完全有可能实现的,并非虚拟、幻想,因此是真实条件句.在本句中,适用“主将从现.”
（2）If I were you , I would go at once.
（如果我是你的话,我立刻就走.）在这句话中,条件句,“如果我是你”,但事实上,我不可能成为你,这只是假设的情况,没有实现的可能.当条件实现的可能性很小,甚至可以说没有时,就需要用虚拟语气来表示,动词发生了变化.
也就是说虚拟语气表示和现实的事实相反时,从句用一般过时.
主句用 “should/would/could/ might +动词原形.
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知识点2. He doesn’t know if he should bring a present.
此处if表示“是否”,引导宾语从句.Should此处表示“应该”.不是虚拟语气.
E.g.1. I don’t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知识点3.If I were you , I’d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引导的条件状语从句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气时,be动词只能用were,而不能用was.
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知识点4. I don’t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… “如果……怎么办?”相当于 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知识点5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻烦事 ,名词
常用搭配 ：get ( *** )into trouble get out of trouble what’s the trouble
定语从句
1. who 指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
↓
The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.
↓
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.
↓
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
↓
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时,有如下要点：
1 由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用,又在从句中充当一个成分,因此, 要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能,如作主语还是宾语等.
2 当先行词指人时,关系代词可用who（做主语,宾语）,that（做主语,宾语）,whom（作宾语）,whose（作定语）
3 当先行词指物时,关系代词可用that（做主语,宾语）,which（做主语,宾语）
4 再定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词长可省略,但在介词后面的关系代词不能省略.指人时,介词后只用whom,指物时,介词后只用which.
5 在非限制性定语从句中,指人时,只用who,指物时,只用which.Unit8
1、短语动词小结
常见短语动词结构有下面几种：
1.动词+副词 如：give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜
这种结构有时相当于及物动词,如果其宾语是代词,就必须放在动词和副词之间,如果是名词,则既可插在动词和副词之间,也可放 在短语动词后.
2. 动词+介词 如：listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属于
这种结构相当于及物动词,后面跟宾语.
3. 动词+副词+介词 如：e up with 提出,想出 run out of 用完,耗尽
4. 动词+名词(介词) 如：take part in参加 catch hold of 抓住
2、倒装句
not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分
(1)引导以 not only …but (also)… 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装.
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒装句.也是说得要
把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面.如：
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不仅能做到而且做得最好.
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接两主语时,谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则 如：
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫.
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫.
常见的就近原则的结构有：
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他.
Either… or… 不是…就是… (两者中的一个)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only …but (also)…
There be
Unit 9 When was it invented ?
被动语态
被动语态基本用法：当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式是主动语态.当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态.被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来.
被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词 (如果是不用物动词,其过去分词应带有相应的介词)
各种时态的被动语态构成
一般现在时：S（主语）+am/is /are +P.P（动词的过去分词）
一般过去时：S+was/were +P.P.
情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P.
一般将来时：S+ will+be+ P.P.
现在进行时：S+am/is /are+being +P.P
现在完成时：S+ have/has + been+ P.P.
过去进行时：S+ was/were+being+ P.P.
被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词
(如果是不用物动词,其过去分词应带有相应的介词)
被动语态中的be 是助动词,有人称、数和时态的变化.
被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语,放在句末,by 表示“由,被”的意思
汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时.例如：
It is believed that …… 人们认为 …… It is said that …… 据说 ……
It is thought that …… 人们认为 …… It is known that …… 众所周知 ……
It is reported that ……据报道 …… It is proved that ……据证明 ……
It is announced that ……据宣布 …… It is suggested that ……据建议 ……
It is requested that ……据要求 …… It is demanded that ……据要求 ……
典型例题
1、 These eggs ______ in the Gobi Desert by a group of scientists.
A. are founded B. were founded C. found D. were found
此题应该选用D项.从“ These eggs… ”中可知前面的主语是“find”动词的承受者,而 “…by a group of scientists.”更加证明了这一点,“ were founded”意思为“被成立”,故应该选用“were found”.
2、 I _____ a present by my father on my birthday every year.
A. give B. was given C. will be given D. am given
此题应该选用D项.从“by my father ”中可知前面的主语是“give”动词的承受者,而 “… . every year”证明了要用现在时态的被动语态结构,故应该选用“am given”.
3、 He was _________ in the open air just now .
A. hearing singing B. heard sing C. heard to sing D. hearing sing
此题应该选用C项.从“He was… ”中可知前面的主语是“hear ”动词的承受者,而 动词不定式当中的“hear *** do sth”在被动语态中要加“to ”,故应该选用“heard to sing”.
4、 Several man-made satellites ________ by China in the last few years.
A. have been sent up B. have sent up C. are sent up D. were sent up
此题应该选用A项.从“…by China in the last few years. ”中可知前面的主语是“ send up”动词的承受者,而 “in the last few years.”意思为“在过去的几年中”,应该用完成时态, 而不是过去时态,故应该选用“have been sent up”.
5、 Another new road ______in our home town next year.
A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. has been built
此题应该选用C项.从“…next year. ”中可知是将来时态,而前面的主语是“ Another new road”是“ build”动词的承受者,故应该选用“ will be built”.
Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left
1. 过去完成时
(1) 构成：由助动词had + 过去分词 构成
否定式：had not + 过去分词 缩写形式：hadn’t
(2) 用法
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了
的动作.
(3) 它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”.
①表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示
②也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示
③还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示.
When I got there, you had already eaten you meal.
当我到达那里时,你已经开始吃了.
By the time he got here, the bus had left.
到他到达这里时,汽车已经离开了
典型题例
1、He said he had never seen that film before. Instead,he_____many novels.
A. has read B. had readed C. had wrote D. had read
此题应该选用D项.从“He said he had never seen that film before ”中
可知是过去完成时态,而从“ Instead,”中可以知道与前面的宾语从句是并列的内容,故应该选用“had read”.
2、The train ______ for a while when they got to the station.
A. had left B. had been away C. had gone D. has been away
此题应该选用B项.从“for a while ”中可知要用完成时态的持续性动
词连接,而从“when they got to the station. ”中可以知道过去时间点以前的事情,应该用故应该选用“had been away ”.
3、A week later, I received a book that I _____ on line.
A. has ordered B. had ordered C. would order D. was ordering
此题应该选用B项.从“I received a book ”中可知与动词“order ”的
前后关系,应该是在“收到书以前已经预订了”,故应该用“order”的过去完成时态结构表示“过去的过去”这一概念.故应该选用“had ordered”.
4、The boy told his mother that he ____ ill since he came back from the school.
A. has been B. would be C. had been D. was
此题应该选用C项.从“ …since he came back from the school.”中可知前面的主句是完成时态,但是从“The boy told his mother ”结构中可以知道应该用相应的过去时态,故应该选用“had been”.
5、When we got to the field, the football match ____ already ______.
A. has started B. had started C. will begin D. is going to start
此题应该选用B项.从“already ”中可知是完成时态,但是从“ When we got to the field”结构中可以知道应该用相应的过去时态,故应该选用“had started ”.
Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ?
1、宾语从句
A.宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导宾语从句的关联词有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等.
1、连接词
1)由连接词that引导陈述句,在口语中that常省略.
eg. He said that he would like to see the headmaster.
2)由连接词whether/if引导一般疑问句,whether和if 常可互换,但下列场合一般用whether.
①介词后的宾语从句：I'm thinking of whether he'll e.
②与or not连用：I don't know whether I should go or not.
3)由连接代词what, who(whom,whose)which或连接副词when, where, why,how引导特殊疑问句. eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for?
2、语序：
不管宾语从句是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句,都要用陈述句语序,也就是说主谓次序不能颠倒.连接词＋主谓结构
(1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I don't know what's the matter with Bob?
(3).I don't know what's wrong with them?
3、时态：
一般说来,主从句时态要统一.如果主句是一般现在时,从句可根据需要用其它任何时态；如果主句是一般过去时,从句应该用相应的过去时态范畴（也就是用一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时）.
eg.①Lily wanted to know whether her grandma liked the handbag. ②I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. ③Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo?
如果从句表明的是一个客观事实或真理,那么无论主句是什么时态,从句都只能用一般现在时. eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound.
注意：在think后的宾语从句,如果需要表示否定意义,一般不在宾语从句中否定,而是在主句中否定. eg. I don’t think that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. ( 误)
Could you tell me how to get to the park?
请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗?中的how to get to the park
是疑问词与动词不定式连用,用作宾语,但不是宾语从句,可是
相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）如：
I don’t know how to solve the problem. ==
I don’t know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题
Can you tell me when to leave? ==
Can you tell me when I ill leave? 你能告诉我什么时候离开?
Unit12 You are supposed to shake hands.
should have asked”是“情态动词＋现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事,事实上没有做
I find it difficult to remember everything.
形式宾语 真正宾语
常见的形式宾语有：
find / think + it/them +形容词 to do sth. 如：
I think it hard to study English.
Unit 13 Rainy days make me sad.
make *** ./sth. + adj. 使某人（感到）,使……处于某种状态
（make的宾语之后可跟名词,形容词,分词来充当宾语的补足语）
make *** . / sth. + do …使某人做某事（不能带不定式符号to）
make it 习惯用语,及时赶到,到达目的地
make of /from./out of
Make of 原材料制成成品后,原材料未经任何化学变化,仍保持原有性质. 例如： The chair is made of wood. At first people believed that air was made of only one gas.Make from 当原材料制成成品后,经过了化学变化,失去了原有性质.
make up of 常用于被动结构：be made up of相当于consist of（由…组成） make up from 由…所制造
Unit 14 Have you packed yet?
现在完成时是由“助动词have（has）+动词过去分词”构成.
用法: 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与一些时间状语,如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice等连用,也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语,如these days, today, this year, so far等连用.eg.I have already posted the letter. (信已经不在我这儿了)
注意：在这里要注意already和yet的辨析:
①already通常用于肯定句. I have already told him.我已经告诉他了. I have already put it in my suitcase. 我已经把它放进我的手提箱了.
②yet常用于疑问句和否定句. ----Have you watered the tree yet? 你浇树了吗? ----Yes,I have already watered it. 我浇了. ----Have you fed the dog? 你喂过狗了吗? ----No. I haven’t fed it yet.没有,我没喂. 2.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,一直持续到现在,也许还将继续下去,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用,即for +时间段,since+时间点/从句, in the last ten years等,谓语只可用延续性动词.
解析： 1.英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的,一种是终止性的,终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或点动词),如begin,start,die,buy,leave, e等,表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中.
eg. I've left Shanghai for three days.(×) I've been away from Shanghai for three days.( √ ).
I left Shanghai three days ago. ( √ ) It is /has been three days since I left Shanghai.( √ )
2.初中英语课本中常见终止性动词有:leave, go, e, arrive, begin, buy, borrow, die, join, bee等.终止性动词要表示持续时, 可用以下方法:
⑴.将时间状语改为时间段 + ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时.
eg.我弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined the army two years ago.
⑵.若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在 how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词
常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下：
e/go/arrive/get/reach/move------be in/at open-----be open
die------be dead close----be closed bee---be borrow---keep begin/start-----be on put on----wear leave-----be away (from)
buy-----have fall asleep----be asleep end/finish-----be over
catch a cold-----have a cold join the army----be in the army be a soldier
join the Party----be in the Party be a Party member
→My brother has been in the army for two years. →My brother has been a soldier for two years.
3.现在完成时中been to, gone to和been in/at been to去过某地,表示某人的一种经历,可以和once, twice, already, ever, never等连用.
4.现在完成时中的 for 与 since
for + 时间段 与延续性动词的现在完成时连用 since + 时间点/从句
I have kept the library book for a week.= I have kept the library book since a week ago. 5. It is /has been +一段时间 + since 从句.自从某事发生已有一段时间了. eg. It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army. 注意:1.since 引导的从句中动词用过去时
2.when 引导 的特殊问句不与现在完成时连用.
3.have got,has got 虽然是现在完成时,但have got=have has got==has
㈢ 九年级英语知识点总结(3)
9. have spare time 有空闲时间
10. in one’s spare time在某人的空闲时间
11. spare the time to do sth 抽时间做…
12. a film director 一名电影导演
13. think too much 想太多
14. in that case 既然那样
15. World War II 第二次世界大战
16. smooth music 悦耳的音乐
17. prefer A to B 比起B来更喜欢A
18. prefer doing A to doing B
19. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
20. feel like doing sth 想要做某事
21. stick to 坚持，固守
22. be down 悲哀，沮丧
23. cheer sb up 使… 高兴/ 振奋
24. have a happy ending 有个美满的结局
25. try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做…
26. less serious 不那么严重
27. a good way to do sth 做某事的好办法
28. make me feel even sadder 让我感觉更伤心
29. provide plenty of information about a certain subject提供了大量的关于某个主题的信息
30. shut off my brain 关闭我的大脑
重点句型
1. I love singers who write their own music.
我喜欢自己创作曲子的歌手。
2. We prefer music that has great lyrics.
我们更喜欢歌词很棒的曲子。
3. What do you dislike about this CD.
你不喜欢这张CD的什么?
4. What does it remind you of?
它使你想起了什么?
5. The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music.
这首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。
6. It does have a few good features, though.
然而，它的确也有一些好的方面。
7. She really has something for everyone.
每个人的确都能从她的作品中领悟到一些东西。
8. Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition.
无论怎样，你都不能错过这次展出。
9. As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy.
正如乐队名字所暗示的那样， 这支乐队很有活力。
10. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great.
有些人说他们很无聊，但也有人说，他们是伟大的。
11.I f I were you, I’d eat nuts instead.
如果我是你，我会改吃坚果。
Unit 10 You are supposed to shake hands.
重点短语
1. be supposed to do sth 应该做…
2. be expected to do sth. 应该/被期望做…
3. shake hands (with…) (和…) 握手
4. bow to sb. 向某人鞠躬
5. for the first time 首次，第一次
6. people in Korea 韩国的人们
7. greet sb.( in) the wrong way 以错误的方式问候某人
8. be invited to sw. 被邀请去…...
9. be invited to do sth. 被邀请做…
10.welcome party 欢迎会
11. as soon as 一… 就…...(引导时间状从)
12. as soon as sb can 尽可能快的......
13.hold out (my hands) 伸出(我的手)
14. on both sides of my face在我的两个脸颊上
15. be from= come from 来自
16. be relaxed about 对…放松/随意
17. a bit/ little late 晚一点
18. value the time we spend with sb珍惜我们与某人度过的时间
19.in our everyday lives 在我们的日常生活中
20. drop by 顺便拜访，随便进入
21. make plans ( to do sth.) 计划做某事
22. plan to do sth.计划做某事
23. on the side of the face在脸的一侧
24. the town center 在城镇中心
25. as many as sb can = as many as possible 尽可能多的…
26. be on time 守时
27. the capital of clocks and watches钟表之都
28. after all 毕竟，终归
29. at noon 在中午
30. 15 minutes late 迟到15分钟
重点句型
1. He should have told me about it.
他本应该把这件事告诉我。
2. Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.
我所在的地方，对时间是相当宽松的。
3. We often just drop by our friends’ homes.
我们时常去朋友家拜访。
4. Often we just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can.
我们经常走遍市中心，看尽可能多的朋友。
5.We usually make plans to see friends.
通常我们都是做好去看朋友的计划。
6. We’re the land of watches, after all.
毕竟，我们是表之乡。
7.It’s even better than I thought it would be.
事情比我想象的要好得多。
8.They go out of their way to make me feel at home.
他们花尽心血让我感觉不到拘束。
9.Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t bother me like it used to.
尽管我经常出一些错，但它不像过去那样打扰我。
10. I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to it.
开始，我想那是太奇怪了，但是现在我已经习惯了。
11. I have to say, I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m graally getting used to things, and don’t find them so strange any more.
不得不承认，我发现记住一切东西是很困难的，但我渐渐习惯了，并且发现他们也不再那么奇怪了。
Unit11 Sad movies make me cry.
重点短语
1. make me sleepy 使我困倦
2. drive sb. crazy 使……发疯
3. the more…， the more 越……越……
4. yes and no 好坏参半
5. be friends with sb. 是某人的朋友
6. feel left out 感觉被忽视
7. sleep badly 睡眠很差
8. don’t feel like eating 不想吃东西
9. for no reason 毫无理由
10. neither…nor… 既不……也不……
11. let …down 使…...失望
12. take one’s position 替代我的职位
13. to start with 起初
14. get the exam result back 取考试成绩单
15. find out 发现
16. remain unhappy forever 仍旧永远不幸福
17. a shirt of a happy person 一件快乐人的衬衫
重点句型
1. —I’d rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I’m eating.
—But that music make me sleepy.
——更愿意到蓝海洋餐厅，因为我喜欢在吃饭时听轻音乐。
——但那种音乐使我困倦。
2. Waiting for Amy drove Tina crazy.
等候艾米使蒂娜发狂。
3.The movie was so sad that it made Tina and Amy cry.
这部电影是如此悲伤以致使蒂娜和艾米都哭了。
4.Sad movies don’t make John cry. They just make him want to leave quickly.
悲伤的电影没有让约翰哭他们只能使他想尽快离开。
5.Loud music makes me nervous.
吵闹的音乐使我紧张。
6.Soft and quiet music makes me relax.
轻柔的音乐使我放松。
7.Money and fame don’t always make people happy.
金钱和名誉并不总能使人幸福。
8.She said that the sad movie made her cry.
她说悲伤的电影使她哭泣。
9.Loud music makes me nervous.
吵闹的音乐使我紧张。
Unit12 Life is full of the unexpected.
重点短语
1. take a shower洗 浴
2. leave my backpack at home 把背包忘在家里
3. get back to school 返回学校
4. start teaching 开始教学
5. go off 响铃
6. rush out the door 冲出房门
7. give sb a lift 捎某人一程
8. miss both events 错过两个事件
9. full of unexpected 充满着不可预知性
10. be about to do sth 正要做某事
11. stare in disbelief at 难以置信地盯着。
12. raise above the burning building 从正在燃烧的楼上升起
13. jump out of bed 跳下床
14. collect the math homework 收数学作业
15. complete the work for my boss 完成老板的工作
16. make the apple pie 制作苹果馅饼
17. show up 赶到，出现
18. add the green beans 加绿豆荚
重点句型
1.By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.
当我起床时，我哥哥已经进了浴室了。
2.By the time I got outside, the bus had already gone.
当我出来时，公汽已经走了。
3.When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.
当我到达学校时，我才意识到我把背包忘在家里了。
4.By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.
当我走进教室时，老师已经开始讲课了。
5.By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already showed up.
当我到达晚会时， 其他的每个人都已经到了。
6.When he put the noodles into the bowl, he realized he had forgotten to add the green beans.
当他把面条放进碗里时，他意识到他忘了添加绿豆荚了。
7.Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he had gone into the building.
在她得到一个向他告别的机会之前，他已经进入楼房了。
Unit13 We're trying to save the earth!
重点短语
1. at the bottom of the river 在河床底部
2. be full of the rubbish 充满了垃圾
3. throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔入河中
4. play a part in cleaning it up 尽一份力把它清理干净
5. land pollution 土地污染
6. fill the air with black smoke 使空气中充满了黑烟
7. cut down air pollution 减少空气污染