Ⅰ 牛津版初中英语主要有哪些语法,能不能详细点的，要大的范畴
初中英语语法大全
A）、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：
一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people, pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员
九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一） 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B）名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：
一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）
2、代词
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、动词
A） 第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：
一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四）以o结尾加es。如：does, goes
五）特殊的有：are-is, have-has
B） 现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：
一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：
一） 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三） 以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词 (基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、句式
1.陈述句
肯定陈述句 a) This is a book. (be动词)
b) He looks very young. (连系动词)
c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)
d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词)
e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构)
否定陈述句 a) These aren’t their books. b) They don’t look nice.
c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can’t find her doll.
e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let’s learn English!
c) Come in, please.
否定祈使句a) Don’t be late. b) Don’t hurry.
3. 疑问句
1) 一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?
d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?
肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.
否定回答: a) No, he isn’t. b) No, you can’t. c) No, she doesn’t. d) No, they don’t. e) No, she isn’t.
2) 选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.
3) 特殊疑问句
① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is [email protected].
⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?
⑥ 问时间 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.
When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.
⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.
⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.
What’s your favourite color? It’s black.
⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.
What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.
What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.
12 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
13 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.
14 问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.
15 问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.
16 问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.
17 问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.
What’s your father? He’s a doctor.
三、时态
1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：
Be 动词：She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.
情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.
行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.
2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.
A）、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：
一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员
九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一） 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B）名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：
一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，
I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.
They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop
Ⅱ 七年级英语上册知识点总结
初一英语上学期期中复习
【学习目标】
一、语音知识
※1.
※2. 单词重读
'dinner 'kitchen 'shower 'people for'get pi'ano de'licious re'view
二、词汇
※ 1. 1－6单元黑体字单词
※ 2. 词组
what about＝how about …怎么样（认为如何）
fall asleep＝be asleep 入睡
eat up 吃光
go to bed 上床睡觉
watch TV 看电视
only child 独生子、独生女
wash the dishes 洗盘子
at school/home/work 在学校 / 家 / 工作
go up 起床
live with sb. 和某人住在一起
三、日常用语
§1. What's your name?
My name is Mike.
§2. Are you happy?
Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
§3. What's your favorite subject?
My favorite subject is English.
§4. Do you like sports?
Yes, I do./No, I don't.
四、语法
§1. 词类：名词、冠词、形容词、副词
§2. 比较等级
【知识讲解】
※1. 名词
①表示人或事物的名称，如 boy, clock, book, tree。
总的说来，名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。
专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称，如： Jim, China
专有名词的第一个字母要大写，如：Beijing, New York
②名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词：可以用数目计算，有单数和复数两种形式，如：an apple, two apples, a car, some cars
不可数名词：一般无法用数目计算，没有复数形式，且不用不定冠词a/an修饰，如：water, milk, meat, tea, bread, rice
③单数名词变复数名词的规则如下表：
注：①少数名词的复数是不规则的，如： man→men woman→women child→children
②表示民族的名词，有的在词尾加 s ，如： an American→three Americans
③有的单、复数形式相同，如： a Chinese→four Chinese a sheep→three sheep a deer→five deer
※2. 冠词
冠词是一种虚词，不能单独使用，只能和一个名词一起使用，并帮助说明此名词。冠词有两类，即定冠词the 和不定冠词a/an。
①不定冠词 常表示“一”的概念，有两种形式：a和an。a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，如：a book, a pen；an用在元音音素开头的名词前，如：an apple,an orange,an egg。
②定冠词the 常表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”的概念，the在元音音素前读，在辅音音素前读 ，如：the moon, the evening。
eg. ①－Do you have an English book?
－Yes, but the English book is broken.
② There is a chicken in the picture.
③ We can't see the sun at night.
④ The Browns are going to the park this Sunday.
⑤ Shanghai is in the east of China.
※3. 形容词
用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。
如： It's a sunny day today. Let's go to the park.
This book is good.
It's very nice of you to help us.
常见形容词的同义词与近义词：
large→big 大的
glad→happy/pleased 高兴的
clever→bright 聪明的
ill→sick 病的
fine→well 好的
常见形容词的反义词和对应词：
bad（坏的）→good（好的）
big（大的）→small（小的）
busy（忙的）→ free（空闲的）
dry（干的）→wet（湿的）
same（相同的）→different（不同的）
empty（空的）→full（满的）
cold（寒冷的）→hot（热的）
open（开着的）→closed（关闭的）
poor（穷的）→rich（富的）
※4. 副词
用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，在句中作状语或表语。
eg. Now he is back in New York again.
现在他又回到了纽约。
Mike is a good student. He often does his homework carefully.
副词一般分为七大类：
①时间副词： now, often, then, early, ago, before
②地点副词： here, there, out, above, up, down
③方式副词： hard, well, badly, fast, slowly
④程度副词： very, much, still, almost, too, so
⑤疑问副词： how, when, why, where
⑥关系副词： when, where, why
⑦连接副词： now, where, why
often 等表示“频率”的时间副词，总被放在句子中间，又称“中置副词”。这类副词有 always（总是）、 usually（通常）、sometimes（有时）、ever（曾经）、never（从不）等。
“中置”规律：
①放在单个的 be 动词之后；
②放在单个实义动词之前；
③谓语动词为多个词时，放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
如： You are always late for school. 你总是上学迟到。
I usually go to school by bike.
I never see that book.
He often helps other students.
He goes to work on foot sometimes.
※5. 比较等级
在进行比较的时候，形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。
规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级加 -er或-est。
（1）不规则变化的形容词和副词如下：
→better→best
→wors →worst
（许多）many/much→more→most
（几乎没有）little→less→least
（远的）far→farther→farthest
（老的，旧的）old
（2）三种句型
① 原级句型：
as＋形容词/副词＋as，表示“和…一样”；否定句式：not as/so ＋形容词/副词＋as，表示“和…不一样”。
eg. I think Kate does just as well as Ann.
If you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can.
I don't like the film. It's not so interesting as that one.
② 比较级句型：
a. 主语＋谓语＋比较级＋than＋其它，表示“较…一些”。
eg. This city is more beautiful than that one.
It is hotter today than yesterday.
He is a much nicer worker.
b. 比较级＋and＋比较级，more and more＋原级，表示“越来越…”，说明本身程度的改变。
eg. The world's population is growing faster and faster.
世界人口增长得越来越快。
more and more beautiful
越来越漂亮
c. the＋比较级, the＋比较级，表示“越…就越…”，说明随着前边条件的变化，后边的结果也发生变化。
eg. The more she eats, the fatter she'll be. 她吃得越多就会越胖。
The more, the better. 越多越好。
③ 最高级句型：
主语＋谓语＋（the）形容词或副词的最高级＋in/of
注：最高级前一般要用the，如： He is the most careful student.
但在副词最高级前the可以省去，如：He writes（the）most carefully in his class.
This kind of cake is the most delicious.
I like English best.
Mike is the youngest in his class.
He runs fastest.
初一英语上册专题重点动词
一、be动词
1. 根据人称的不同，be动词有三种基本形式，分别为am，is和are。am用于单数第一人称(I)；is用于单数第三人称(he，she，it)；are用于第二人称和复数第一，二，三人称(we，you，they)。
例：I am fifteen years old.
我十五岁了。
You are my friend forever.
你永远是我的朋友。
He is a hard-working student.
他是一个刻苦努力的学生。
The students are reading books in the classroom.
学生们都在教室里读书。
2. be动词的否定形式直接在后面加not.
I am not fifteen years old.
He is not a hard-working student.
The students are not reading books in the classroom.
3. 把be动词的肯定句变成疑问则要直接把动词be提到句首，变型如下：
Are you fifteen years old?
Is he a hard-working student?
Are the students reading books in the classroom?
二. 行为动词
1. match v. 相称；匹配
● match. . . with. . .
e. g. Match the words with the pictures，please.
请把单词和图画相搭配。
2. practise v. 练习
●practise doing sth. 练习做。。。
e. g. He practices speaking English every day.
他每天都练习读英语。
3. welcome v. 欢迎.
● welcome sb. to sp.
e. g. Please welcome Betty and Tony to our school.
欢迎贝蒂和托尼来我们学校。
4. invite v. 邀请
● invite sb. to do sth.
e.g. Tom invites me to go to the concert with him on Saturday.
汤姆邀请我跟他周六一起去参加音乐会。
● invite sb. to sp.
e. g. Daming invites Tony to the cinema.
大明邀请托尼去看电影。
● invitation(n. )
send an invitation to sb. 对某人发出邀请
5. ask v. 请求
● ask sb. to do sth.
e. g. Tony asks Daming to go to a basketball match.
托尼叫大明一起去看篮球赛。
6. have v. 有
● have lessons上课
● have a rest 休息
● have a look at sth. 看看...
● have dinner 吃饭
● have a good time 玩的开心
● have a break 课间休息
● have a party 举办聚会
e. g. We have three lessons in the morning.
我们早上有三节课。
At eleven o'clock，we have a break and I talk with my friends.
11点我们课间休息，我和我的朋友们聊天。
In the evening，we watch TV and have dinner. I do my homework and go to bed at ten o'clock.
晚上，我们看电视并且吃晚饭。我做作业然后十点上床睡觉。
7. send v. 发送
● send sb sth(send sth. to sb. )
e. g. We usually send him a birthday card.
我们经常送给他一张生日卡片。
8. make v. 制作。
● make sth. for sb.
e. g. And we often make a cake for his birthday.
我们经常为他的生日做一个生日蛋糕。
● make travel plans on the Internet
e. g. Do you often make travel plans on the Internet?
你们经常在网上制定旅游计划么?
● make a trip to the zoo
e. g. Let's make a trip to the zoo.
让我们一起去动物园吧。
9. like v. 喜欢
● like doing sth.
e. g. Daming's uncle likes reading and he reads a lot of books.
大明的叔叔喜欢阅读，并且他经常读很多书。
● would like sth／to do sth.
e. g. Would you like to go to the cinema with Betty and me?
你愿意跟我和贝蒂一起去电影院么?
Would you like some tea?
你想来点茶叶么?
10. talk v. 谈话
● talk to (with) sb.
e. g. I often talk to my friends on the phone.
我经常跟我的朋友打电话。
● talk about sth.
e. g. I often talk about our favorite singers with my best friends after school.
我经常在课后跟我最要好的朋友们谈论我们喜欢的歌星。
11. stay v. 停留
● stay at home
e. g. Let's stay at home and watch TV.
让我们留在家里看电视。
● stay healthy
e. g. Mr. and Mrs. Brown do lots of sports and stay healthy.
布朗先生和布朗太太做很多运动，保持健康。
12. visit v. 参观
● visit sb／sp.
e. g. Welcome to Beijing Zoo. Sixteen thousand people visit it every year.
欢迎来到北京动物园。每年有16000人在此参观。
三. 情态动词can
情态动词特点：
1)后面加动词原型。
2)否定句和疑问句不需要借助助动词构成。
e. g. I can play basketball. Can you?
我会打篮球，你会么?
That can't be our teacher：our teacher is in her office right now.
那不会是我们老师，我们的老师现在正在办公室呢。
动词练习
一. 用适当的介词填空。
1. Can you match the words _______ the pictures?
2. Let's welcome the foreign friends _______ our country.
3. I want to invite my sister ______ my home.
4. Let's have a party and I will send lots of invitations __ my friends.
5. Can I have a look ___________ your new watch?
6. It's Father's Day tomorrow, and I will send a present _____ my father.
7. Can you make a cake _____ me?
8. My parents always buy a birthday cake _____ me ____ my birthday.
9. She usually buys CD _____ her favorite singers.
10. I often talk __ my mother on the phone.
11. Let's stay _____ home and watch TV.
12. I usually download music _____ the Internet.
13. I am a writer and I write my novels _______ my computers.
14. I listen _____ music every day.
15. The polar bear comes ______ the Arctic.
16. He often writes _____ his friends.
17. Every day I often talk_____ my parents_____ the interesting things in school.
18. On my birthday, I get lots of presents _____ my family and friends.
19. Who switch______ the lights? It's so dark in the room, let me switch them
二、用所给动词适当形式填空。
1. Daming ________ (be) in Class Two.
2. Lingling and Daming _____ (be) good friends.
3. Lingling with Daming _____ (be) at school now.
4. He can ____ (speak) English.
5. We can _____ (play) basketball and ______ (swim).
6. Tony _____ (ride) a bike to school every day.
7. Lucy and Lily sometimes _____ (do) their homework at school.
8. I want _____ (invite) Lily ____ (see)a film with me after class.
9. I ask my mother _____ (choose) a book for me.
10. What about _____ ( have ) a birthday party?
11. He likes ________ (play) computer games and __ (play) cards at weekends.
12. Let Lingling ______ (watch) TV with me, please.
13. How about______ (go) swimming on Sunday?
14. I would like _____ (have) dinner with you tomorrow.
15. Let's go and ______ (see) a panda.
三、时态填空。
1. We often _______ (play) in the playground.
2. He _____ (get) up at six o'clock.
3. _____ you _____ (brush) your teeth every morning.
4. What ________ (do) he usually______ (do) after school?
5. Danny _____ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
6. Mike sometimes _____ (go) to the park with his sister.
7. At eight at night, she _____ (watch) TV with his parents.
8. _____ Mike ______ (read) English every day?
9. How many lessons ____ your classmate _____ (have) on Monday?
10. What time _____ his mother _____ (do) the housework?
四. 按要求修改句子。
1. Do you often play basketball after school? (肯定回答)
2. I have a lot of books. (改为否定句)
3. Betty's mother likes playing table tennis. (改为否定句)
4. She lives in a town near New York. (改为一般疑问句)
5. I watch TV every day. (改为一般疑问句)
6. Tom has got a goal. (改为一般疑问句)
7. We have Chinese lessons in the afternoon. (否定句)
8. Nancy doesn't run fast. (肯定句)
9. My dog runs fast.
否定句
10. Mike has two letters for him.
一般疑问句：
否定句：
练习参考答案：
一、用适当的介词填空。
1. with
2. to
3. to
4. to
5. at
6. to
7. for
8. for, on
9. by
10. to(with)
ll. at
12. on
13. on
14. to
15. from
16. to
17. with, about
18. from
19. off, on
二、用所给动词适当形式填空
1. is
2. are
3. is
4. speak
5. play, swim
6. rides
7. do
8. to invite, to see
9. to choose
10. having
11. playing, playing
12. watch
13. going
14. to have
15. see
三、时态填空
1. play
2. gets
3. Do, brush
4. does do
5. studies
6. goes
7. watches
8. Does, read
9. do, have
10. does, do
四、按要求修改句子
1. Yes, we do.
2. I don't have a lot of books.
3. Betty's mother doesn't like playing table tennis.
4. Does she live in a town near New York?
5. Do you watch TV every day?
6. Has Tom got a goal?
7. We don't have Chinese lessons in the afternoon.
8. Nancy runs fast.
9. My dog doesn't run fast.
Does my dog run fast?
10. Does Mike have two letters for him?
Mike doesn't have two letters for him.
Ⅲ 牛津英语七年级上册期末复习提纲
Chapter1 Making friends
一.必背短语:
1． 在右上角 at the top right corner 13当一名建筑师 work as/to be an architect
2． 在中间 in the middle 14.弹钢琴 play the piano
3． 他最喜欢的爱好 his favourite hobby 15.成为一名工程师 to be an engineer
4． 下棋 play chess 16.玩电脑游戏 play computer games
5． 说汉语 speak Chinese 17.美拿清好的祝愿 best wishes
6． 不到，祥敏吵少于 less than 18.在一年级 in Form One
7． 步行去学校walk to school go to school on foot 19.想要做某事 want to / would like to do sth
8． 来自北京 come from / be from Beijing 20.在城镇的另一边at the other side of town
9． 从事……工作 work as 21.回复 reply to
10. 收到某人来信hear from/ get a letter from sb 22.黑色短头发 short black hair
11．给某人写信 write to sb 23.我谨侍最好的科目My best subject
12. 喜爱做某事 enjoy doing sth/ like doing sth 24.离……远 far away from
二、同义句
1. I am 160 cm tall. =My hight is 160cm.
2. I would like to be your penfriend. =I want to be your penfriend.
3. Peter is good at playing rugby. =Peter is keen on playing rugby.
4. He works as a teacher in Shenzhen. =He is a teacher in Shenzhen.
5.How old are you? =What's your age?
6.My favourite hobby is playing chess. =I like playing chess best.
7.They are from Beijing. =They come from Beijing.
8. My parents own a Chinese restaurant in Newcastle.
=(1) My parents are the owners of the Chinese restaurant
(2) The Chinese restaurant belongs(属于) to my parents.
(3)My parents have a Chinese restaurant.
9. I have a brother named Edwin. =(1) I have a brother called Edwin.
(2) I have a brother. His name is Edwin.
10. I am keen on sports. =(1) I am fond of sports. (2) I like sports very much.
(3) I enjoy sports. (4) I am very interested in sports.
12. It's near my house, so I can walk to school.
=(1) I can walk to school because it’s near my house.
(2) I can go to school on foot because it's not far from my house.
13. What do you think of the film? =How do you like the film?
三.重点句型:
1.I would be your penfriend. 我想成为你的笔友.
2.My favourite hobby is playing chess. 我最大的业余爱好是下象棋.
3.He works as an architect in London. 他在伦敦当设计师.
4.How many people are there in your family?What do they do?你家有几口人?他们干什么?
5.I am keen on sports. 我热爱运动.
6.I enjoy playing rugby and badminton in winter,and tennis in summer.我喜欢在冬季打橄榄球和羽7,My best subject at school is physics. 我在学校最好的科目是物理. 毛球,在夏季打网球.
8.I want to be an engineer. 我想当一名工程师.
9.Here is a photo of myself and some school friends.这有张我自己的照片和一些校友的照片.
10.I am in the middle. 我在中间.
四.作文:写一封信,介绍自己的情况(请背好chapter1课文)
Chapter 2 Our daily life
一、关键短语。
1.日常生活 daily life 12.穿上校服 put on school uniform
2. 给某人打电话 make phone calls to... 13.在去…的路上 on the way to …
3. 达到A等级 achieve A grades 14.考试不及格 fail an exam
4.从…接走… collect …from… 15.回到… return to / go back to
5.参加一个俱乐部 attend a club 16.叫某人做… ask sb to do sth
6.一两个小时 an hour or two 17.从事于 work on
7.每周一次 once a week 18.讨论生意 discuss business
8.与…相似 be similar to 19.与……不同 be different from
9.接见客户 meet clients 20.说实话 tell the truth
10. 发脾气 lose one’s temper 21.去慢跑 go jogging
11.熬夜 stay up late 22. 做体育锻炼 do physical exercises
二、关键句子。23.高材生top students
1. All of her family work in her business. 她全家人都在她的公司里上班。
2. I get up at six o’clock, wash and put on my school uniform我6点起床，洗刷，穿上校服。
3. Every morning, we discuss business at breakfast. 每天早饭时，我们讨论生意。
4. I sometimes make phone calls to clients on the way to school.我有时在去学校途中给客户打电话。
5. I usually achieve A grades in all my subjects. 在我所有科目中，我通常达到A级。
6. I never fail an exam. 我从来没有考试不及格。
7. About twice a week my driver collects me from school.我的司机大约每周两次来学校接我。
8. After school, I usually attend a club. 放学后，我通常去参加一个俱乐部。
9. Other students often ask me to assist them. 别的同学经常要求我帮助他们。
10. Once a week I have violin lessons. 我每周上一次小提琴课。
三、同义句。
1. I never fail an exam. I always pass exams.
2. I make phone calls to my mother every week. I call /ring /phone my mother every week.
3. I always go to school in my own car. I always use my own car to go to school.
4. She is still at school. She is still a student.
5. We discussed the problem together. We talked about the problem together.
6. I enjoy seeing my school friends. I like seeing my school friends.
7. My driver collects me from school. My driver takes me away from school.
8. I return to school. I go back to school.
9. I usually attend a club. I usually go to a club.
10. Other students often ask me to assist them. Other students often ask me to help them.
11. I finish my homework in an hour or two before dinner.
I finish my homework in one or two hours before dinner.
四、背诵下面例文。
My Daily Life
I'd like to tell you something about my daily life. From Monday to Friday, I have school lessons in the morning. The lessons start from 8 a.m. and finish at 11.30 a.m. I usually take some exercises from 4.50 p.m. to 6.30 p.m., Monday to Thursday. I like sports very much. I often play basketball, football and table tennis with my friends. Sometimes I attend drawing, dancing or singing club after school. I go to the English Corner from 4.50 p.m. to 6.30 p.m. every Friday afternoon.
Chapter3 Troubles
一.请牢记下面的不规则动词:
am/is-- was are –were become--became begin--began
break-–broke bring--brought build--built buy--bought
can--could come --came cost-- cost cut--cut
do--did drink--drank draw--drew drive--drove
eat--ate fall--ell feel --felt find --found
fly--flew get-- got give-- gave go-- went
hang--hung have--had hear-- heard know-- knew
leave --left learn-- learnt lose --lost make--made
meet--met make--made pay-- paid put-- put
read --read ring-- rang ride--rode run-- ran
say--said see-- saw send--sent sing --sang
sleep--slept sweep--swept speak --spoke stand-- stood
steal --stole swim--swam take-- took teach-- taught
think--thought write--wrote
二、背诵下列短语。
1. 对付，处理 deal with 2. 伸出，取出 hold out 3.逃走，跑开 run away
4. 等候 wait for 5. 盯着看 stare at 6.匆忙登上 hurry aboard
7. 开始做某事 begin doing/to do sth 8. 走上前 go up 9.乘渡船 take a ferry
10. 和某人谈话 talk to sb 11. 上车 get on 12. 下车 get off
13. 带上手铐 in handcuffs 14. 几分钟前 a few minutes ago
15.两个女游客 two women tourists 16. 拿起电话 pick up the phone
17.举报偷窃行为 report a theft 18. 跟随某人 follow sb. /go after sb.
19. 在河的对面 on the other side of the river 20.就某事与某人吵架 argue with sb about sth
21. 匆忙赶往… hurry to ... /go to…in a hurry 22.某事发生在某人身上 sth happen to sb
23. 把某物给某人看show sth. to sb. /show sb. sth. 24. 其中一个妇女 one of the women
三.重点句型:
1.两个女游客和一个男人开始争吵起来. Two women tourists and a man began arguing.
2.那个男人取出一个包,给那两个女人看. The man held out a bag and showed it to the women.
3.每个人都盯着那三个人看. Everyone stared at the three people.
4.他偷了我的钱包. He stole my purse.
5.然后我就发现我的钱包不见了. Then I found my purse missing.
6.其他两名男子跑了,可我们却跟随这名男子来到这儿. The other two men ran away, and we
followed this man here.
7.这名男子慌忙上了船,那两名游客跟在他后面. The man hurried aboard, and the two touristswent after him.
8.我爸爸匆忙进了一家冰淇淋店. My father hurried to an ice cream shop.
9.我想报告一桩偷窃案. I want to report a theft.
10.他戴着手铐. He was in handcuffs.
四.同义句:
1. How to deal with the trouble? = What to do with the trouble?
2. Suddenly,two women tourists and a man began arguing.
=Suddenly, two women tourists and a man started arguing.
=Suddenly, two women tourists and a man began/started to argue.
3. Tom showed a book to the class. =Tom showed the class a book.
4. The bag was empty. =There was nothing in the bag.
5. Everyone stared at the three people. =Everyone looked at the three people with great interest.
6. We followed this man. =We went after this man.
7. My father hurried to an ice cream shop. =My father went to an ice cream shop in a hurry.
8. I found my purse missing. =I found my purse was not there.
五.作文一(课本上的作文---日记:描述一天的活动):
Sunday,28 September
In the morning, I got up at 6a.m.and did some exercise. I finished my breakfast at 8a.m..After that, I read some English books. At 10 a.m., my cousin came. We watched TV and played computer games.
At noon, my cousin and I went out for lunch. We went to an Italian restaurant. The chicken and vegetable pizza was so delicious!
In the afternoon, the weather was fine, so we went to play tennis in the gym. At 5 p.m., we went home happily.
In the evening, my mother made us a delicious supper. I did some reading after supper and went to bed at 10 p.m.
作文二(练习册P41看图作文:描述Peter的一天)
What a nice day
Peter was free last Sunday. He got up early in the morning. He brushed his teeth and washed his face. Then he had breakfast. He wanted to go out with his friends. They visited the museum in the morning. Peter took many pictures of dinosaurs with his camera. The weather was pleasant in the afternoon, so Peter and his friends went to the playground and played basketball for an hour. They had a lot of fun that day.
Ⅳ 七年级上册英语第五单元知识点归纳
在我们平凡的学生生涯里，不管我们学什么，都需要掌握一些知识点，知识点就是掌握某个问题/知识的学习要点。哪些才是我们真正需要的知识点呢？下面是我整理的.七年级上册英语第五单元知识点归纳，欢迎大家分享。
难点讲评
1.Doyouhaveaping-pongball?
释：这是一个现在时行为动词(do)的一般疑问句,其中have是实义动词,表示 "某人有"。句中do为助动词，没有实际意义。只是帮助构成句式。
例如:Doyouhaveawatch? 你有手表吗?
谓语have是英语中很有用的动词，基本含义是“有”。如Ihaveasoccerball.have在he,she,it后面要变成has，即：一般现在时态第三人称单数形式。如:Hehasabasketball.
注：Have当动词“有”的意思时，句式是：
1)陈述句：Ihaveanicebag.
2)疑问句：Doyouhaveanicebag?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.
Yes,Ido.这是个肯定的简略回答形式.其中do为动词,用来避免动词的重复。No.Idon’t.这是个否定的简略回答形式，其中don’t是do和not的缩写形式。
3)否定句：Idon’thaveanicebag.
2.have词组
haveclasses(上课)
havebreakfast(吃早饭)haveagoodtime
(玩得高兴)
havesports(进行体育活动)
haveadayoff(休假)
3.have与therebe句型的区别
释：Therebe是表示“在某处存在某物”，而have则是表示所属的意思，即“拥有”，通常是人。例如：Thereisabookonthedesk.书桌上有一本书。
Ihavemanybooks.我有很多本书。
Ⅳ 初一上册英语语法知识点归纳
语法是学好英语最重要的一部分，所以初一的学生在学习语法知识的时候，要将每个语法点都理解清楚。下面是我为大家整理的关于初一上册英语语法知识点归纳，希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习!
初一上册英语语法知识点
句子 种类
(1)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1)陈述句(Declarative Sentences)：说明一个事实或陈述看法。
She is at home. 她在家。
He speaks English. 他讲英语。
2)疑问句(Interrogative Sentences)：提出问题。有以下四种：
a. 一般疑问句(General Questions)：
Is this your pencil? 这是你的铅笔吗?
b. 特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions)：
Where do you live? 你住哪儿?
How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?
c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions)：
Do you like tea or juice?
你是要茶还是果汁?
d. 反意疑问句(Tag-Questions)：
He knows her, doesn’t he?
他认识她，对不对?
3)祈使句(Imperative Sentences)：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如：
Sit down, please. 请坐。
Let’s go home! 让我们回家吧!
4)感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences)：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：
What good news it is! 多好的消息啊!
初一英语必备语法知识
单数句变复数句
1. 可数名词单数要变为其相应的复数形式。
It is a box.→ They are boxes.
2. 各个人称代词要由单数形式变为复数形式。
She is a girl.→ They are girls. I am at home.→ We are at home.
3. am或is 要变为are.
He is a teacher. → They are teachers.
4. 指示代词this或that要分别变为these或those。
This is a pencil.→ These are pencils.
5. 不定冠词a/an要去掉(固定搭配例外)。
It is a black cat.→ They are black cats.
6. man或 woman做定语修饰可数名词，在整个句子变成复数的情况下也要变成 men或women.
She is a woman teacher.→ They are women teachers.
注意：在单数句变复数句时，普通单数变为复数形式，但当名词修饰名词时，起修饰作用的名词不做变化。名词修饰名词常用单数。(man, woman除外)
This is a apple tree.→ These are apple trees.
初一英语语法知识
词类
1. 名词表示人或事物名称的词 teacher, book , pen 主，表，补，定，同
2. 代词代替名词、形容词或数词等 we, my, some, this 主，表，宾，定，同
3. 数词表示数目或顺序 two, first, fifth 主，表，宾，定，同
4. 动词表示动词或状态 be, take, look 谓语动词
to work, working, worked 主，表，宾，补，定，状
5. 形容词修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质和特征 good, big, nice, beautiful表，补，定，同
6. 副词表示动作特征或形状特征修饰动词形容词或其他副词 fast, nearly, happily, here表，状
7. 冠词用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物 a , an, the
8. 介词表示名词或代词与其他词的关系 in, on, under
9. 连词连接词与词， 短语 和短语，句子和句子 and, if, but, or
10. 感叹词表示说话时的感情或语气 oh, hello, hi
相关 文章 ：
1. 七年级英语上册语法学习知识点总结
2. 七年级英语语法知识点整理
3. 英语初一上册的语法总结
4. 初一英语语法知识点总结归纳
5. 初一英语语法知识点大全
Ⅵ 初一英语知识点总结归纳
多一份投入，多一种学习，多一些 反思 ，多一点执着。对于英语，我们需要把陌生的单词片语和句型语法不断的熟悉和熟练，重复重复再重复，熟练熟练再熟练，是学会英语的不二法门。下面是我给大家整理的一些初一英语知识点的学习资料，希望对大家有所帮助。
七年级上册英语知识点
1.下 国际象棋 play chess
2. 弹吉他 play the guitar
3. 弹钢琴play the piano
4. 拉小提琴 play the violin
5. 敲鼓 play the drums.
6.艺术俱乐部 art club
7. 说英语 speak English
8. 擅长 be good at doing
9. 善于应付…的;对…有办法be good with
10. 对… 有好处be good for
11.参加俱乐部 join the club
12. 讲 故事 tell stories
13. 练功夫 do Kungfu
14. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth.
15. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
16. 交朋友. make friends
17. 在周末 on the weekend/ on the weekend.
18. Can you play the guitar? can ① 能够，会。 情态动词 can + v. 原形/ can’t + V. 原形
没有人称和时态的变化 ③ 情态动词加动词原形 构成谓语 .
Can you swim? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
19.What club do you want to join? I want to join the art club.
七年级英语 知识点
Unit10 Can you play the guitar?
句型：Can you dance? Yes, I can./No, I can’t.
Can he paint? Yes, he can./ No, he can’t.
Can she speak English? Yes, she can./No, she can’t.
What club do you want to join? We want to join the chess club.
I want to join the basketball club.
What can you do? I can play the guitar.
Are you good with kids?
Can you help kids with swimming? Come and join us!
Musicians wanted for school music festival.
Can you draw? Yes, a little. I want to learn about art.
Do you have an e-mail address?
语法：一般疑问句 总结 ：be动词提前型，句首加助动词do/does型，can/could/may/will/would等情态动词开头型， 回答一律用yes/No回答。注意，助动词和情态动词后接动词一定用原形。
结构：1 join与 join in 的区别
join 参加，指参加某项活动
join in 加入 着重加入某种组织，团体，政党并成为其中一员。
2，help sb do sth/help sb with doing sth 帮助某人做某事
3, be good at=be well in 在……擅长，擅长于
be good for 对…… 有好处
be good with 和……相处的很好
4, learn about sth 学习有关于……
七年级英语上册知识点总结
一. 短语 :
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人
3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和谈话
8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在医院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚报
二.重点句式及注意事项:
1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what; 有三种主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
初一英语知识点总结相关 文章 ：
★ 初一英语全册语法知识点汇总
★ 七年级英语知识点大全
★ 初一英语语法知识点总结归纳
★ 初一英语知识点总结
★ 初一英语知识点的归纳总结
★ 初一英语必备知识点大总结
★ 初一英语知识点归纳
★ 初一英语上册必备知识点归纳
★ 初一英语知识点大总结
★ 初一英语上册知识点总结归纳
Ⅶ 七年级上册牛津英语1~3单元
七年级英语上册 1-3单元词组归纳100题 牛津译伍嫌亩林版
1. 12岁 twelve years old
2. 和他聊天 chat with him
3. 一周两次 twice a week
4. 住在南京 live in Nanjing
5 放学后 after school
6 来自 come from==be from
7. 听得不清楚 hear (you) well/clearly
8. 向她问好 say hello to her
9. 努者锋力学习 work hard ==study hard
10. 在家 at home
11. 戴（一副）眼镜 wear(a pair of)glasses
12. 听音乐/收音机 listen to music/ the radio
13 .高而苗条 tall and slim ==big and thin
14． 黑的长发 long black hair
15. 待人礼貌乐于助人 be polite and helpful
16 照顾,保管 look after
17. 在餐馆 in a restaurant
18, 热爱跳舞 love/ like dancing=love/like to dance,
enjoy dancing(只有这一种表达结构)
19．上舞蹈课 go to the dancing lesson
20．对我好 be nice to me=be kind to me
21. 把他叫作大毛 call him Da Mao
22 在学校(上学) .be at school
23. 认真听老师讲课 listen to the teacher
24. 看第2个标志牌 （have a）look at Sign 2
25. 一条长裤 a pair of trousers
26. 在足球场 in the football field
27 在排球场 on the volleyball court
28. 和我一起去（上学） go (to school）with me.
29. 带他去散步 take him for a walk ==walk him
30, 关着的 be closed
31. 步行回家 walk home =go home on foot
32. 半小时 (for) half an hour
33. 乘公共腔森汽车（回家） take the bus(home)=go(home)by bus
34. 听起来真棒 sound great
35 看起来强壮 look strong
36. 在工作日 on weekdays
37. 在周末 at the weekend==at weekends
38. 去跑步/购物 go running/ shopping
go swimming /fishing / skating
39. 在我爷爷奶奶家 at my grandparents’ (home)
40. 下一届世界杯 the next World Cup
41. 想要吃面包 would like(to have)some bread
… . ==want (to eat )bread.
42. 寻找 look for …
43. 互相(帮助) (help) each other
44. 一张中国/世界地图 a map of China/ the world
45. 教我们数学 teach us Maths
46. 和他(在…上)交谈 talk(on the phone / Internet)with her friend
47. 该上课了. It is time for class
It is time to have class.
48. 玩的开心,过的愉快 have a good time== have fun
== enjoy ourselves
49. …一个成员 a member of …
50. 为…效力 play for Huanghe Football Team
51. 读关于足球方面的书 read books (about football)
52. 一则体育新闻 a piece of sports news
53. 进球得分 score goals
54. 花时间/钱做某事 . spend…doing
55. 看报 read newspapers
56. 通过互联网给我(发)电子邮件 e-mail me by the Internet
=send e-mails to me by the Internet
57.（在电视上）看球赛 watch a match(on TV)
58. 一直 all the time
59. 约见/会见/偶然遇见 meet up with sb
60. 与某人谈（某事） talk (about sth.) with sb.
61. 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 have breakfast / lunch/dinner
62. 在星期三 on Wednesday(s)
63. 收集一些关于…的信息 get some information about …
64. 进行班级短途旅游 have a class trip ==go on a class trip
65. 谢谢你给我礼物 Thank you for(giving me)the present.
66. 谢谢你告诉我关于中秋节的事 Thank you for telling me about Mid-Autumn Festival.
67. 谢谢你组织班级旅游 Thank you for organizing the class trip.
68. 做家作 do one’s homework
69．太多的家作 too much homework
70. 制作飞机模型 make model planes
71．看电视 watch TV
72．下周一 next Monday
73. 每个学生票价 the price for each student
74. 盼望外出玩的开心 look forward to (having) a great day out
75. 盛装打扮（成鬼） dress up as ghosts
76. 我最喜欢的课 my favourite lessons
77．我的所有的朋友 all my friends
78. 醒来 wake up
79、挖出锋利的牙齿 cut out the sharp teeth
80、玩一个（叫“不招待就使坏”的）游戏 play a game(called “trick or treat”)
81. 敲门 knock on the doors
82. 在十月三十一号晚上on the evening of Oct.31st
83、用南瓜制作成灯 make lanterns out of pumpkins
84. 让我们庆祝元旦 let us celebrate New Year’s Day
85、在吃午饭时间 at lunchtime
86. 在圣诞节 at Christmas
87．为…做准备 get ready for
88. 捉弄他们 play a trick on them
89、穿带有面具的特殊戏装 wear a special costume with masks
90、从父母出得到红包 get red packets from parents
91、许多棕子 lots of rice mplings
92. 超过15 more than fifteen==over fifteen
93. 知道许多关于电脑的知识 know a lot about computers
94. 学习更多关于世界的知识 learn more about the world
(1990年1月1日)出生在上海 be born in Shanghai (on Jan.1st,1990)
95．做课外活动 do after-school activities
96. 做早操 do morning exercises
97. 在世界上 around the world, in the world
98. 给他们糖作为招待 give them some candies as a treat
99. 知道（这个问题的）答案 know the answer（to the question）
100．在…很聪明, 擅长 be good at= do well in = be clever at