⑴ 初三英语1到3单元语法复习提纲。
11. 动词的时态
11.1 一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如:
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。例如:
The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
3) 表示格言或警句。例如:
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如:
I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。
比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
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11.2 一般过去时的用法
1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:
Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?
2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例如:
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎。
3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ,例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。例如:I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义:她已不在人间。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义:她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)
注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如:
Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗?
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。
2)情态动词 could, would。例如:
Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车,能借用一些吗?
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11.3 used to / be used to
used to + do:"过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在。例如:
Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。
be used to + doing: 对……已感到习惯,或"习惯于",to是介词,后需加名词或动名词。例如:
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。
典型例题
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It's 69568442.
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't
答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语,但从语意上看出,在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去,因此应用过去时。
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11.4 一般将来时
1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如:
Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢?
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?
2) be going to +不定式,表示将来。
a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?
b. 计划,安排要发生的事。例如:The play is going to be proced next month。这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。
3) be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如:
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。例如:
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意:be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
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11.5 be going to / will 用于条件句时,be going to表将来,will表意愿。例如:
If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
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11.6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如:
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排)
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11.7 一般现在时表将来
1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如:
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。
2)以here, there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。例如:
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3)在时间或条件句中。例如:
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你。
4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如:
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。
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11.8 用现在进行时表示将来
下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如:
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?
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11.9 现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成:have (has) +过去分词。
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11.10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时
1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆为具体的时间状语。
现在完成时的时间状语:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不确定的时间状语。
共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:
I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了)
I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了)
Why did you get up so early? (强调起床的动作已发生过了)
Who hasn't handed in his paper? (强调有卷子未交,疑为不公平竞争)
He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续)
句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。
(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
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11.11 用于现在完成时的句型
1)It is the first / second time.... that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。例如:
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。
注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2)This is +形容词最高级+that…结构,that 从句要用现在完成时。例如:
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
典型例题
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时,故选B。
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时,反意词为never,此两词常用于完成时。
注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
(错)I have received his letter for a month.
(对)I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
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11.12 比较since和for
Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如:
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。
注意:并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.(现在我仍在这里工作。)
注意:用句型转换的方法,很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。
1)(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2)(错) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然,第二句不对,它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
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11.13 since的四种用法
1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。例如:
I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在这儿。
2) since +一段时间+ ago。例如:
I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿,已经有五个月了。
3) since +从句。例如:
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后,变化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后,变化可大了。
4) It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如:
It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。
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11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词
1) 用于完成时的区别
延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如:
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)
I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)
2) 用于till / until从句的差异
延续动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示"到……,才……"。例如:
He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 点才回来。
He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。
典型例题
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。
2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时。
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11.15 过去完成时
1) 概念:表示过去的过去
----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2) 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如:
She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。例如:
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。
3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如:
He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年,爱迪生开始自己谋生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
汤姆失望了,因为他到达晚会时,大部分客人已经走了。
典型例题
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B,were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前,因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点,表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下,when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。
注意: had hardly… when 还没等…… 就……。例如:
I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门,他就打了我。
had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……。例如:
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了。
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11.16 用一般过去时代替过去完成时
1) 两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but 等连词时,多用一般过去时。例如:
When she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起来。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子,我把它丢了。
2 ) 两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时。例如:
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3) 叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。例如:
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
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11.17 将来完成时
1) 构成will have done
2) 概念
a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如:
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。
b. 动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如:
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时,你已经到达上海了。
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11.18 现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法:
a. 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如:
We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。
b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。例如:
Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
c. 表示渐变,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如:
The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如:
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。
典型例题
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响仍然存在,应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。
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11.19 不用进行时的动词
1)表示事实状态的动词,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如:I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。
This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。
2)表示心理状态的动词,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如:I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。
He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。
3)瞬间动词,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如:
I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。
4)系动词,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如:
You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。
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11.20 过去进行时
1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生。
3) 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如:
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤。
It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时,正下着雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。
典型例题
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read;was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell(fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。
⑵ 初三英语知识点总结归纳
对于英语,我们需要把陌生的单词片语和句型语法不断的熟悉和熟练,使之成为我们的一种习惯,把它变成我们的第二天性。因此,重复重复再重复,熟练熟练再熟练,是学会英语的不二法门。下面是我给大家整理的一些初三英语知识点的学习资料,希望对大家有所帮助。
初三上册英语单元知识点
I.重点词组
1.asaresult结果
2.hereandthere到处
3.inthebeginning一开始
4.indanger处于危险中
5.cutdown砍倒
6.changesth.intosth.把……变成……
7.preventfrom防止
8.greenhouseeffect温室效应
9.referto提到
10.dealwith处理
11.takeup占据
12.cutoff中断
II.重点句型
1.Asweknow,noneofuslikespollution.众所周知,没有人喜欢污染。
2..人类逐渐意识到保护动物的重要性。
3..树木也能防风固土。
4.,animalsandplants.砍伐树木对人类、动植物都有害。
5.Somethingswe’.
我们所做的,有些对地球很好,而有些不利。
6..它们也能阻止水土流失。
7.Whenitrainsorwhenthewindblows,theearthistakenaway.天一下雨或刮风,土就会被冲走或刮走。
III.语法
不定代词:
1.定义:指的是那些不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
2.用法:在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。something,somebody,anything,anybody等作主语时,通常视为单数。当形容词修饰它们时,要放在其后。
初三英语上学期知识点外研版
1.在你们国家,当你第一次见到别人的时候,你应该怎么做?
Inyourcountry,?
2.在美国,他们应该握手。
IntheUnitedStates,they’reexpectedtoshakehands.
3.我交了一些新朋友。
Imadesomenewfriends.
4.我一伸出手,他就鞠躬。
…assoonasIheldoutmyhand,hebowed.
5.在我来的地方,我们对时间很宽松。
WhereI’mfrom,we’reprettyrelaxedaboutthetime.
6.如果我们有时间,我们经常去朋友家里 拜访 。
Weoftenjustdropbyourfriends’homeifwehavetime.
7.我们经常只是绕着市中心散步,尽可能多的见到我们的朋友。
,.
8.毕竟,我们是钟表和手表之都。
,afterall.
9.如果你甚至晚十五分钟,你的朋友可能会生气。
Ifyou’reeven15miniteslate,ourfriendsmaygetmad.
10.所以,当我去跟朋友见面时,我努力按时到。
.
11.在中国,用筷子敲打碗筷是不礼貌的。
InChina,it’.
12.他们特意使我感到宾至如归。
.
13.正如你能想到的,这边的情况与国内有很大差别。
Asyourcanimage,
初三仁爱版英语知识点
一、重点词汇:
(一)词形转换:
1.successful(副词)2.proper(副词)
3.completely(动词)4.leader(动词)
5.succeed(名词)6.hero(复数)
7.physics(形容词)8.fix( 同义词 )
9.introce(名词)10.far(比较级)
(二)重点词组:
1.goaround环绕
2.send…into…=senp…into…把……送入
3.congratulationsonsth祝贺某事
4.beproudof为……而自豪
5.bemovedby为……而感动
6.Thanks/Thankyoufor+n./vingsth感谢某人做的某事
7.havephysicalexaminations做体检
8.ingood/badhealth处于好(不好)的身体状态
9.can’thelpdoing情不自禁做……
10.taketurnto(dosth)轮流(做某事)
11.nodoubt无疑地
12.aswellas除……的之外,也
13.forinstance/example例如
14.workon做……(方面)的工作
15.dependon/upon依靠,依赖
16.turnon打开
17.turnoff关掉
18.turnup开大
19.turndown关小
20.clickon用鼠标点击
21.lookforwardtodoingsth期待做某事
初三英语知识点 总结 归纳相关 文章 :
★ 初三英语知识点归纳与学习方法
★ 初三英语知识点大总结
★ 最新九年级英语语法知识点总结大全
★ 初中英语知识点总结归纳3篇
★ 初中英语基础知识归纳总结
★ 初中英语基础知识归纳笔记
★ 九年级英语语法知识点整理归纳
★ 初三英语语法知识考点总结
★ 初三英语考试复习重点总结
★ 初三上册英语知识点归纳
⑶ 初三英语重点知识点的归纳
副词
表示动作特征或性状,主要修饰动词、形容词、副词及整个句子
(一)形容词的用法及位置
1.形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等,作定语时一般放在名词前。
Eg. She has short hair.(作定语)
Paul is tall.(作表语)
We must keep our room clean.(作宾补)
2.形容词修饰不定代词时放在其后。
eg.She has something important to tell us.
There’s nothing wrong in the sentence.
(二)副词的种类、用法及位置
1.副词的种类
(1)时间副词
①表示大体时间:now,then,yesterday,today,tonight,before,just now,recently,so far
②表示频率:always,usually,often,sometimes, seldom,never
③其它作用:already,yet,late,early,soon,at once,immediately,atfirst,at last,finally
(2)地点副词
①表地点:here,there,home,abroad,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere
②表位置关系(后接宾语时,用作介词):above,below,round,around,down,up,in,out,inside,outside,across
⑷ 初三英语关于Unit1最重要的知识点
1. pronounce
pronounce 作动词,意为“发……音”。
Pronounce your words clearly.你把单词的音发清楚。
I don't know how to pronounce the word. 我不知道怎样读那个单词。
【拓展】
pronounce的名词形式为pronunciation。
a word with two pronunciations 一个有两种发音的单词
He speaks English fluently,but his pronunciation is poor.
他英语说得很流利,但他的发音不好。
2. memory
memory作名词,意为“记忆力;回忆”。
He has a poor memory after the car accident. 出车祸后,他的记忆力很差了。
I have a pleasant memory of my childhood. 我对童年有美好的回忆。
【拓展】
memory的动词形式是memorize,意为“记住,背过”。
He can memorize the new words very quickly. 他能很快记住很多新的单词。
3. voice
voice作名词,意为“声音;嗓音”。用于人时,指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音,也可指发言权。用于其它方面时,常含悦耳之声,如鸟鸣声,乐器声音等。
Please speak in a louder voice. 请大声说。
He talked of his trip to Hong Kong in a cheerful voice. 他兴高采烈地谈了他的香港之行。
She has a sweet voice. 她声音很甜美。
【拓展】
1)noise可以作可数名词,也可以用作不可数名词,表示“人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声”。
I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。
There's a lot of noise here. 这个地方人声嘈杂。
2)sound泛指自然界的任何声音,不论其高低、是否悦耳等。
I heard the sound of running water. 我听见流水声。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。
4. add
作动词,意为“加,增加”,常用以下结构;
1)add… to… 意为“把……加到……”
Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。
2)add to表示"增加;增添",其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。
Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.
参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。
3)add up 意为“把……加起来”。
Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me.
把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。
4)add up to 意为“总计;加起来结果是”。
All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有数加起来一共900.
5. frustrating
frustrating是形容词,意思是“令人沮丧的”,表示事物性质;形容词frustrated意思是 “让人感到沮丧的”,用于描述人的感觉。
It is frustrating to stay at home in such a beautiful day.
这样的好天气呆在家里真让人沮丧。
Everybody was frustrated at the news. 听到这个消息,每个人都很沮丧。
6. complete
complete作动词,使完全,使圆满完成。
He is trying to complete collection of the CDs. 他试图收齐那套CDs。
complete作形容词,意为“完全的,完整的”。
My collection will be complete with this doll. 有了这个洋娃娃,我的收藏就全了。
That guy is a complete genius! 那小子是个地地道道的天才!
7. end up
end up为动词短语,后面可直接加名词或动词的-ing形式。
They ended up traveling in Canada at the news.听到这个消息,他们结束了在加拿大的旅行。
end up with表示“以……结束,告终”,其反义词组为start/begin with表示“以……开始”。
The English party began with an English song and ended up with a well-known piano music.
英语晚会以一首英文歌开始,以一首着名的钢琴曲结束。
【拓展】
1)in the end“最后,终于”,相当于at last,finally。
We won in the end.最后,我们取得了胜利。
2)by the end of到……为止,在……以前,常与过去完成时连用。
He had finished the work by the end of last month.上个月底前他就已经完成了那项工作。
3)at the end of在……末尾,在……尽头,后既可以接表示时间的名词,也可以接表示地点的名词。
The hospital is at the end of the road.医院就在路的尽头。
He will come to see you at the end of this month.这个月底他要来看你。
8. deal with
deal with意为“处理,解决”,with为介词,其后常接trouble,problem等词。
I am good at dealing with pressure.我善于应付压力。
deal with还可意为“与……打交道,与……做买卖”,此时,主语通常是表示人、公司、商店等的名词。
They have learned to deal with various persons. 他们学会了和各种人打交道。
【拓展】
deal with与do with二者都有“处理,对付”之意。
1)deal with侧重“方式、方法”,常与how连用。
How are you going to deal with the TV set? 你打算怎么处理这台电视机?
2)do with侧重“对象”,往往与what搭配使用。
What are you going to do with the camera you found? 你打算怎么处理你找到的那部照相机?
9. aloud
aloud是副词,重点在 “出声”, 通常放在动词之后,没有比较级形式。
He read the story aloud to his son. 他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
Did I say it out aloud? 我刚才出声了么?
【拓展】
loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,常用于比较级。
Could you please speak a little louder?
你能说大声一点吗?
Am I loud enough?
我声音够大么?
loudly是副词, 有时可与loud替换,但常含有“打扰别人”之意。
He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.
他不会当众大声谈笑。
10. impress
1)impress为及物动词,意为“留下了深刻的印象”。
The film impressed me deeply. 那部影片给我留下了深刻的印象。
What impressed me most was their brave spirit.
给我印象最深的是他们的无畏精神。
2)其被动式be impressed,后可接with/by短语,意为“被……感动”。
I was greatly impressed by/with the headmaster’s speech.
我被校长的话深深的感动了。
She was deeply impressed by/with the scenery in Guilin.
桂林的景色给她留下了深刻美好的印象。
3)impress on/upon sb. sth.或impress on/upon sb.+that从句,表示“铭刻,使某人牢记某事”。
My father impressed on me the value of hard work.
我父亲叫我牢记勤奋工作的价值.
Please impress what you see on your mind.
请把你见到的牢记在心。
【拓展】
impress的名词为impression, leave(make) an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。
The new teacher made a good impression on the students.
新教师给学生留下了一个好印象。
1….by doing sth【高清课堂:How do you study for an English test?
I study for an English test by doing…】
介词by的意思是“由、靠、用、通过”,by后面用名词、代词或者动名词形式作宾语,表示通过某种手段做某事。
We study English by talking with foreigners. 我们通过与外国人谈话来学习英语。
by后面用表示交通工具的名词时不用冠词,表示乘坐某种交通工具的意思。
如:by car 乘小汽车, by air 乘飞机,by sea 乘(海)船,by plane 乘飞机等。
They go to work by bus. 他们乘坐公共汽车上班。
2. too…to
句型 too+形容词/副词原形+to do something的意思是“太……而不能……”,这个句型可以和not+形容词/副词原形+enough to do或 so+形容词/副词原形+that从句相互转换。
You are too young to go to school.
= You are not old enough to go to school.
= You are so young that you can't go to school.
你太小了,还不能上学。
3. the best way to do…
the best way to do something的意思是“做某事的最好方法、最佳方式”,动词不定式作定语修饰名词way。动词不定式作定语时多表示将来的意味。
例如: Do you have anything to say? 你有什么要说的吗?
I have a lot of homework to do every day. 每天我有许多家庭作业要做。
4.It is+形容词+for somebody to do something
It is/was+形容词+for somebody+to do something的意思是“对某人来说做某事是怎么样的”。it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,for引出不定式的逻辑主语。
It’s good for you to eat more vegetables. 对你来说多吃蔬菜是有好处的。
此句型中可以引出不定式的逻辑主语的介词还有of。当形容词(如:easy, important, possible
等)表示客观情况,描述不定式的特征、性质时常用for;而当形容词(如:kind, nice,rude,
clever等)表示主观感情或态度,描述的是主语的性质、特征时,常用of。
It won’t be easy for you to find a good job. 你找到一个好工作不容易。
It was kind of you to help me. 你帮助我们太好心了
5.not… at all
1)not…at all 意为“一点也不,根本不”,此处not要与句中的助动词或be动词连用。
I don’t agree with him at all.我一点也不同意他的意见。
He doesn’t like the book at all. 他根本不喜欢那本书。
2)Not at all连在一起,用来回答感谢,意为“不用谢,不客气”。
—Thanks for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。
—Not at all. I enjoyed it. 别客气,很高兴能帮你。
3)Not at all连在一起,用于回答道歉,意为“没关系”。
—I’m sorry I’m late. 对不起,我迟到了。
— Oh, not at all. Please come in. 噢,没关系,请进来。
4)Not at all连在一起,用来表示否定(是No的加强说法),意为“一点也不;完全不”。
—Is it difficult to study English? 英语难学吗?
—Not at all. 一点不难。
6. have trouble doing sth.
1)have trouble doing sth.意为“做某事有困难",这时trouble可以用difficulty来代替。
I had no trouble finding his phone number. 我毫不费力就找到了他的电话号码。
Did you have any trouble getting there? 你到那里有没有遇到什么困难?
2)in trouble/get into trouble/get sb. into trouble 遇到困难;遇到麻烦
He was in trouble with the Customs. 他在海关那里有了麻烦。
This will get you into trouble. 这件事将给你带来麻烦。
⑸ 初三上册英语单元知识点
知识是一种外在的积累,而智慧是一种内在的成长。知识来自于记忆,智慧来自于领悟。下面我给大家分享一些初三上册英语单元知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!
初三上册英语单元知识1
【重点 短语 】
1.not only…but also… 不仅……而且……
2. be supposed to 应该
3. ought to 应该
4. turn off 关掉
5. instead of 代替
6. on time 准时
7. make sure 确保
8. push forward向前推
9. push down 向下
10. pull up 向上拉
【重点句型】1. For example, we should use both sides of paper and reuse plastic bags.例如,我们应该用纸的两面,并且重新使用塑料袋。2. Everyone is supposed to do that.每个人都有义务那样做。3. First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.首先,你离开房间时应该随手关灯。4. Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。5. Well, actions speak louder than words. 嗯,百说不如一做。6. There will be a lot of hard work to do tomorrow, so make sure you go to bed early tonight.明天有许多繁重的活要干,今晚一定要早睡。
【重点语法】并列句:由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。结构为:简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的并列连词有:and, or, but, while, not only… but also...e.g. 1. The river is dirty and the temperature of the earth is rising.2. They work well, but they are slow and can’t run for long.
初三上册英语单元知识2
【重点短语】
1. chemical factory 化工厂
2. pour… into… 把……排放到……
3. in a bad mood 处在不好的情绪中
4. manage to do sth. 设法去做某事
5. do harm to … / be harmful to… 对……有害
6. quite a few 相当多
7. no better than 同…….一样差
8. in pubic 公开地
9. all sorts of 各种各样的
10.in many ways 在许多方面
【重点句型】
1. Look, there are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the streams.看,有几家化工厂正往河里排放废水。
2. Everything has changed.一切已发生了变化。
3. How long have you been like this? 你像这样多长时间了?
4. I’m always in a bad mood because I can’t stand the environment here.我的情绪总是很差因为我受不了这里的环境。5. However, not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to humans’health.然而,并非所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染,而且有害于人类健康。
【重点语法】
直接引语和间接引语
1. Granny said, “I’m feeling even worse.”Granny said that she was feeling even worse.
2. “ Do you still want to live here, Granny?” the journalist asked.The journalist asked Granny if she still wanted to live there.
3. “ How is the environment around this place?” the journalist asked.The journalist asked how the environment around that place was.
初三上册英语单元知识3
【重点短语】
1. with the money 用这些钱
2. so that 为了,以致于
3. so...that... 如此...以致于...
4. in fact/as a matter of fact 事实上
5. come for a visit 来参观
6. in need 在困难时
7. decide on sth. 决定某事
8. provide sth. for sb./provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
9. feel good about... 对...有信心
10 lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
11. borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物
12. at the same time 与此同时
13. talk on the phone 在电话中交谈
14. take drugs 吸毒
15. pay for 付款
16. buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物
17. at home and abroad 在国内外
18. send sb. to sp. 送某人去某地
19. send for sb. 派人去请某人
20. aim to do sth. 目的是做某事
21. decide(not)to do sth. 决定(不)做某事
22. finish doing 结束做某事
23. How do you like.../What do you think of...? 你觉得...怎么样?
24. sb.spend st.in doing sth=It takes sb.st. to do sth. 某人花费...时间做某事
25. sb.spend some money on sth.=sb.pay some money for sth. 某人花费...钱买某物
26. so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语 表示后者情况与前者一样(表肯定)neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语 表示后者情况与前者一样(表否定)27. so +主语+/be/助动词/情态动词 表示的确如此
【重点语法】
1. 现在完成时:常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在。e.g. You have been in New York for a long time.The city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago.
2. 构词法:合成词: home +work= homework派生词: use——useful, happy——unhappy
初三上册英语单元知识4
【重点短语和句型】
1. get lost 迷路
2. a couple of 一些,几个
3. with the development of 随着...的发展
4. with the help of... 在...的帮助下
5. one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数 其中之一/最...的其中之一
6. each other 互相
7. call/ring sb.up 给某人打电话
8. at least 至少
9. sth. happen to sb. 某人发生某事
10. What happened to sb? 某人发生某事?
11. take place 发生
12. because of 因为,由于
13. be strict with sb./in sth. 对某人/某事严格要求
14. carry out 执行
15. thousands/millions/hundreds of 成千上万/无数的/成百上千...
16. two thousand/million/hundred 两千/百万/百(具体数字后面不加s)
17. half of... 一半...
18. two thirds 三分之二
19. be short of 短缺...
20. so far 到目前为止
21. be known/famous for 因...而闻名
22. be known/famous as 作为...而闻名
23. thanks to 幸亏...
24. have a long way to go 有很长的路要走
25. a town called... 一个叫做...的镇
26. fewer than/less than 少于
27. places of interest 名胜古迹
28. be interested in 对...感兴趣
29. such as 例如...
30. look/smell/sound/feel/taste+形容词 看/闻/听/摸/尝起来...
31. such a/an+形容词+sb./sth 如此...的人/物
32. take sb. to sp 带某人去某地
33. keep up with 赶上
34. have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快35. have a population of... 有...的人口
36. What's the population of...? ...有多少人口?
37. want to do sth. 想要做某事
38. hate to do sth 讨厌做某事
39. take measures to do sth. 采取 措施 做某事
40. have(no)chance/time to do sth. 有机会/时间做某事
41. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
42. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
43. be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
44. work well in doing sth. 在...方面起到显着作用
【重点语法】常用于现在完成时的时间状语:already, just , yet, ever, never, recently.
e.g.
1. I have just called you.
2. ——Have you ever been to France?
——No, I’ve never been to any European countries.
3. ——Have you seen him yet?
——Yes, I have seen him already.
初三上册英语单元知识5
【重点短语和句型】
1. have a good summer holiday 暑假过得愉快
2. come back from 从......回来
3. have/has been to 去过
4. have/has gone to 去了
5. not...any more 再也不...
6. take photos 照相
7. by the way 顺便问一下
8. take part in 参加
9. around/all over/throughout the world 全世界
10. tell sb. something about... 告诉某人关于某事
11. have/live a happy/hard life 过着幸福/艰苦的生活
12. describe...in detail 详细描述
13. give support to 支持...
14. see...oneself 亲眼看见
15. keep in touch with 与...保持联系
16. far away 遥远的
17. kinds/sorts of 各种各样的...
18. not only...but also 不仅...而且...
19. make progress 取得进步
20. more than/over 多于
21. develop/improve rapidly 迅速发展/改善
22. tell sb. (not ) to do sth. 告诉某人(别)做某事
23. ask sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求某人(别)做某事
24. in order to do sth. 为了做某事
25. have to do sth. 不得不做某事
26. It's +形容词+for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是...的
27. why not do sth. 为什么不做某事
28. succeed/be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事
29. dream about doing sth. 梦想做某事
30. see/hear sb. do/doing sth. 看见/听见某人做/正在做某事
【重点语法】
现在完成时
一. 现在完成时的基本结构
肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他
否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)
二. 现在完成时的用法
1. 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在,强调的是现在。
I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照片。
与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语,如already(肯定句句中), yet(否定句/疑问句句尾), just, before, recently,still, lately,never等。
2. 现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻,持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。)
此种用法常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的 句子 )连用。谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词:
go out----be out
finish----be over
open----be open
die----be dead
buy---have
fall ill---be ill
come back----be back
catch a cold----have a cold
初三上册英语单元知识点相关 文章 :
★ 初三上册英语知识点归纳(2)
★ 九年级上册英语知识点
★ 初三上册英语知识点总结(2)
★ 初三英语上册知识点总结(3)
★ 初三上册英语知识点
★ 初三上册英语知识点复习
★ 初三上册英语知识点归纳
★ 初三上英语知识点
★ 初三上册英语知识点总结
★ 初三英语上册知识点
⑹ 九年级英语上册第一单元知识点
我有记笔记的习惯。
18.I can’t prnunce se f the wrds.有一些单词我不会发音。
▲se/an/all/st/nne/few…f the + 名词
Mst f the students lve reading.
多数学生喜欢看书。
19.1 ae istaes in graar.
我在语法方面老犯错误。
▲ae a istae/ae istaes 犯错误
Dn’t be afraid f aing istaes when speaing English.
当说英语时不要怕犯错误。
b istae 错误地.
D u nw that ptat chips were invented b istae?
你知道炸薯片是被错误发明的吗?
20.I dn’t nw hw t use cas.
我不知道怎样使用逗号。
▲此句的宾语是由疑问词hw加不定式t use cas构成的,这是个简单句,它可以改为一个复合句。例如:
I dn’t nw hw I shuld use cas.
I dn’t nw what t d.= I dn’L nw what I shuld d.
我不知道该做什么。
Can u tell c when t start? = Can u tell e when I shuld start?
你能告诉我何时出发吗?
21.Wh dn’t u in an English language club t practice speaing English?
你为什么不加入一个英语俱乐郝来练习说英语昵?
▲Wh dn’t u d…? = Wh nt d…? 表示建议,意为“为什么不……?”,又如:
Wh dn’t u/Wh nt g t schl b bie when there’s heav traffic?
当交通很拥堵时,你为什么不骑白行车上学呢?
▲in加入某组织成为其中的成员,tae part in参加某种活动,attend参加会议,报告,演讲等。例如:
His father ined the Part in 1976.
他爸爸是1976年入的党。
Peple ften tae part in sprts after wr.
工作之余人们经常参加体育活动。
I attended an iprtant eeting esterda.
昨天我参加了一个会。
22. l dn’t have a partner t practice English with.
我没有同伴一起练习英语。
▲此处的不定式t practice English with作定语,修饰a partner。又如:
The teacher has sething t sa.
老师有话要说。
He has n r t live in.
他没有房子住。
23.First f all,it wasn’t eas fr e t understand the teacher when she taled t the class.
起初,对我来说听懂老师在班里讲话都不是件容易的事。
▲first f all 最初,首先
First f all she ust siled,then she started t laugh.
最初她只是笑,后来才放声大笑。
▲It is/was + ad. + fr sb t d (句式)对某人来说做某事…… 例如:
It is difficult fr e t learn phsics well.
对我来说学好物理很难。
It is iprtant t learn English.
学英语很重要。
24.T begin with,she spe t quicl,and l culd nt understand ever wrd.
一开始,她说得太快了,我不能听懂所有的话。
▲t begin with = t start with 首先,一开始,第一
T begin with he had n ne,but later he becae quite rich.
他起初没钱,可是后来相当富有了。
▲nt…ever + 可数名词单数 = nt all + 复数名词表示部分否定“并非所有的”又如:
u dn’t have t reeber ever wrd.
你没必要记住所有的字。
Nt all the students live far awa fr schl.
不是所有的学生都住得离学校远。
25.Later n,I realized that it desn’t atter if u dn’t understand ever wrd.
后来,我意识到如果有些词听不懂没关系。
▲later n 后来,以后
At first things went well,but later n the ran int truble.
起初事情进展地很顺利,但后来他们遇到了麻烦。
▲realize vt. 意识到,认识到(有一个逐渐认识的过程),不用于进行时和被动语态。例如:
One da u’ll realize that u are wrng.
总有一天你会意识到你错了。
▲that引导的是realize的宾语从句,在宾语从句中又出现了if引导的条件状语从旬。例如:
It desn’t atter ff u can’t drive a car.
如果你不会开车没关系。
26.Als l was afraid t spea in class, because I thught classates ight laugh at e。
我还害怕在班里发言,因为我怕同学会嘲笑我。
▲be afraid f sth/t d/f ding sth 害怕/不敢/恐怕做某事
I used t be afraid f the dar.
我过去常常怕黑。
She’s afraid t g/f ging ut alne at night.
她害怕夜晚独自出去。
▲ight 表示可能性
He ight nw her telephne nuber,but I’ nt sure.
他可能知道她的电话号码,但我不确定。
▲laugh at sb 嘲笑
It’s bad anners t laugh at peple in truble.
嘲笑陷入困境的人不礼貌。
27. 1 thin that ding lts f listening practice is ne f the secrets f becing a gd language learner.
我认为做大量的听力练习是成为一名好的语言学习者的秘诀之一。
▲ding lts f listening practice 动名词短语作主语。
▲ne f the secrets f ding sth 做某事的秘诀之一,要注意ne f与复数名词搭配。例如:
He is ne f the students wh are gd at sccer.
他是喜欢足球的学生中的.一员。
28.Anther thing that l fund ver difficult was English graar.
另一个我发现很困难的东西是英语语法。
▲that引导的是定语从句,修饰anther thing,that在定语从句中作fund的宾语。又如:
Is there anthing that I can d fr u? = Can I help u? = What can I d fr u?
我能为你做点什么? (你买什么?)
29.Then l started t write wn riginal sentences using the graar 1 was learning.
然后我用学过的语法造有独创性的句子。
▲start/begin t d sth = start/begin ding sth 开始做某事
riginal sentences 有独创性的句子,新颖的句子
▲1 was leaning为定语从句,修饰graar,省略了先行词that。
30. It’s aazing hw uch this helped.
真是不可思议了,这样做很有帮助。
▲It's aazing + 从句/t d sth “……真是太惊奇了”。
It’s aazing t eet an ld friend in a freign cuntr.
在国外遇到老朋友,真是太惊喜了。
▲It为形式主语,真正的主语是hw uch this helped
在例句中,真正的主语是不定式t eet an ld friend in a freign cuntr。
31.Nw I a ening learning English and l gt an A in this ter.
现在我很喜欢英语,并在这学期得了个“A”。
▲注意:“A”前边用不定冠词,选用冠词时要看字母的发音,即元音音素开头的用“an”。例如:
There is a “U” and an “R’’ in the wrd “hur’’.
在单词“hur”里面,有一个“U”和一个“R”。
32.She had truble in aing cplete sentences.
她造完整的句子有困难。
▲have truble in ding sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
He had truble in understanding native speaers.
他听外国人说话有困难。
▲ae sentences 造句
D u find it hard t ae cplete sentences?
你发现造完整的句子很困难吗?
⑺ -九年级上册英语第一单元知识点
1.aloud adv.出声地(使别人能听得到)
Reading aloud is a good way in leaning English.
朗读是学英语的一个好方法。
▲loud adj. 大声的,声音洪亮的,loud—louder—loudest
He talked in a loud voice so that everyone could hear him.
他说话声音很大以便于每个人都能听得到他。
▲adv. loud—louder—loudest
Don’t talk so loud.The kids are reading.
说话小声些,孩子们正在看书。
(Speak)louder,please!
请再说高一些!
▲loudly adv吵吵闹闹地,噪声地
I heard someone knocked loudly at the door.
我听到有人在使劲敲门。
They are talking loudly in the next room.
他们在隔壁说话声很大。
2.voice n.噪音,鸟鸣声
She has a sweet voice.
她声音很甜美。
She raised her voice so that she could be heard.
她提高了嗓音队便于别人能听清楚。
He lost his voice./He had no voice because of the cough.
因为咳嗽,他失声了。
▲noise n噪音,吵闹
Don’t make so much noise.
别弄出那么大的噪音。
I heard a strange noise outside.
我听到外边奇怪的声音。
▲sound n.(自然界中的)声音,响声
Sound travels slower than light.
声音的传播比光慢。
3.memory n.(计算机的)储存器
A lot of information is stored in the memory.
计算机的储存器能储存很多信息。
▲n.记忆力
He has a poor memory after the car accident.
车祸后他的记忆力很差了。
▲n. 回忆,怀念
I have a pleasant memory of my childhood.
我对童年有美好的回忆。
▲memorize/memorise vt. 记住,背过
He can memorize new words very quickly.
他能很快记住很多单词。
4. frustrate vt.使失望,使沮丧
The serious illness frustrated his dream for college.
他上大学的梦想遭受挫折。
▲frustrating adj. 令人失望的
What he said is frustrating.
他所说的话很令人失望。
She finds it frustrating to watch English movies.
她觉得看英语电影很令人失望(因为看不懂)。
▲frustrated adj. 失望的,沮丧的
He was frustrated when he failed again in the test.
当他再次考试没及格后,他很失望。
5.add vt. 增加,加
She tasted the soup and added more salt.
她尝了尝汤,又加了些盐。
▲add to 增添
His coming added to our trouble.
他的到来给我们添了很多麻烦。
▲add up to 总计达……,加起来……
The number of the students in our class adds up to 55.
我们班上学生的数目加起来是55人。
▲vt. 补充说,又说
He said goodbye to us and added that he would visit us again.
他和我们说了再见,又说他会再来看我们的。
6. excite vt.使兴奋
The news that our team had won excited everybody.
我们队赢了的消息令所有的人很激动。
▲exciting adj.令人兴奋的
The soccer game is exciting.
那场足球赛很令人激动。
▲excited adv. 兴奋的,激动的
We were very excited at the news.
当听到那个消息,我们很激动。
7.speak(speak—spoke—spoken)说(语言),讲话
Can you speak French?
你会说法语吗?
Do you know who will speak at the meeting?
你知道谁要在会上发言?
▲talk to/with sb 与某人谈话,talk about/of sth/sb谈论某人或某事
He was talking to/with his friend whom I called him.
当我给他打电话时,他正在和他的朋友谈话。
What are you talking about?
你们在说什么?
▲say 说(后接说的内容)
What did he say at the meeting?
他在会上说了什么?
She said she would be back the next week.
她说下周回来。
▲tell 告诉
tell sb sth 告诉某人某事(接双宾语)
Who told you the news?
是谁告诉你的那个消息?
▲讲,说
tell stories讲故事,tell a lie撒谎,tell the truth说实话
Grandma used to tell stories to me when 1 was young.
我小的时候,奶奶经常给我讲故事。
Don’t believe him! He is telling a tie.
别信他!他在撒谎。
To tell you the truth,I don’t quite agree with you.
老实说,我不太同意你的意见。
8.complete vt.使完全,使完整,(圆满完成)
She’s trying to complete collection of the CDs.
他试图收齐那套CD。
▲adj. 巧完整的,完全的
Can you make complete sentences?
⑻ 初三英语上册知识点
期末复习:语法复习
动词不定式
一. 定义:
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语。同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
二. 动词不定式的构成:to+动词原形
三. 动词不定式作宾语
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有:agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。
We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。
The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项(2点)
1. 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语,也可跟动名词作宾语,但含义不同:
remember to do 记住要做某事
remember doing 记得曾经做过某事
forget to do忘记要做某事
forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事
stop to do 停下来去做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
go on to do 继续做另一件事
go on doing 继续做原来在做的事
I remember seeing you somewhere before.
我记得以前在哪儿见过你。
Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.
离开时请记得关好灯。
2. 不定式作宾语时,如带有宾语补足语,则要把不定式放到后面,用it作形式宾语,构成“主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”结构。
如:He found it very difficult to get to sleep.
他发现很难入睡。
四. 动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. 后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。
The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。
I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。
We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。
2. 使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。
Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。
I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。
感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补,也可跟v-ing作宾补,前者表示动作的全部过程已结束;后者表示动作正在进行。
I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。(说明他下楼了这件事)
I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。(说明他下楼时的情景)
五. 动词不定式作状语
Later he left home to work in different cities. 不久他离开家到不同的城市工作。
He went to see a football match. 他去看足球比赛了。
In order to catch the other students, I must work hard.
为了赶上其他同学,我必须努力学习。
六. 动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语一般放在所修饰的词的后面。
I need something to eat.
Do you have something to read?
Tom was so excited that he had no word to say.
He is really a fool only to eat.
The man to stand here just now is our English teacher.
The doctor had no way to save the patient.
注意:
(1)作定语的不定式是由及物动词组成,被修饰的名词或代词与不定式之间存在方位或方式关系需要有介词。
I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间住房。(方位关系)
We have many things to do experiments with.
我们有许多做实验的东西(方式关系)
(2)作定语的不定式是由“be + adj + prep”构成的动词短语。
Here there isn’t any book for me to be interested in.
We have done many things to proud of. 我们做了许多引以自豪的事。
七. 动词不定式作主语
To give is better than to receive.
To reach there on foot is impossible.
动词不定式作主语时,可以用it 代替,把实际主语不定式放在后面。
It’s better to give than to receive.
It’s impossible to reach there on foot.
It’s + adj + for sb. to do sth.
It’s not difficult for me to study English well.
It’s easy for him to work out this math problem.
在这个句型中,如果形容词与不定式的逻辑主语关系密切,并且形容词用来说明逻辑主语的性质、品质、特点等,由of引出逻辑主语。这类形容词主要有nice, kind, good, wrong, right等。
八. 动词不定式和疑问词连用
动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how, where, when连用,构成不定式短语,可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
How to do is still a question.
Have you decided when to leave?
九. 动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not;不带to的不定式则在动词前加not. 如:
Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 张明要我不要整天呆在家里。
My mother let me not do it by myself. 妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。
被动语态
英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态
主动语态(The Active Voice)表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态(The Passive Voice)表示主语是动作的承受者。
构成:承受者+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般现在时:承受者+助动词am / is/are +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般过去时:承受者+助动词was / were +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词shall / will be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词 have/ has been+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+ can /may/must/should +be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
被动语态用法:
1)当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁,或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,需用被动语态。
2)当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
3)如果需要说出动作的执行者, 用by引导出动作的执行者。
主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
主动语态变为被动语态时有以下几种情况:
1)主语+谓语动词+宾语
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(主动)We bought a book yesterday.
(被动)The book was bought yesterday.
2)主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
将主动语态中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。多数情况下将间接宾语变为主语。如果直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前要加介词to / for。
(主动)He showed me a book yesterday.
(被动)I was showed a book yesterday.
(被动)The book was showed to me yesterday.
3)主语+谓语动词+复合宾语
含有一个由宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语,变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语保留不变,成为主语补足语。
(主动)I found him a good pupil. (宾语补足语)
(被动)He was found a good pupil. (主语补足语)
4)短语动词变为被动语态
有些短语动词相当于一个及物动词,其后可以接宾语,因此它们也有被动语态,但短语动词是不可分割的整体,变为被动语态时不可去掉其后面的介词或副词。
(主动)We should look after the patients very well.
(被动)The patients should be looked after very well by us.
5)宾语从句变为被动语态
若主动语态中是宾语从句,变为被动语态时常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在后面。
It’s said that he passed the exam.
被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题:
(1)不及物动词带介词和介词宾语,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词。
(主动)The students in class listen to the teacher carefully.
(被动)The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.
(2)当动词带有复合宾语时,并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时,在被动语态中应加上“to”。
(主动)They make do all the work.
(被动)We were made to do all the work.
(主动)We often hear her sing English songs.
(被动)She is often heard to sing English songs.
(主动)I see him walk to school.
(被动)He is seen to walk to school.
⑼ 初三英语单元知识点归纳
无一事不学,无一时不学,无一处不学,成功之路也。学习外语并不难,学习外语就像交朋友一样,朋友是越交越熟的,天天见面,朋友之间就亲密无间了。下面是我给大家整理的一些初三英语的知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。
九年级上册英语第一单元知识点
I.重点词汇
Test----exam words----vocabulary
Excited----exciting amazing----surprising
sometimes----sometime----some times----some time
for example----such as----like begin with----to begin with
maybe----perhaps----probably affect----influence
problem----question
II.重点词组
1.ask…for… 2.speaking skills
3.ask…about… 4.not…at all
5.get excited about 6.end up
7.make mistakes 8.first of all
9.to begin with 10.later on
11.be afraid of 12.laugh at
13.make sentences 14.take notes
15.write down 16.make sure
17.deal with 18.look up
19.make up 20.worry about
21.be angry with 22.go by
23.each other 24.solve a problem
25.regard…as… 26.complain about
27.change…into… 28.try one’s best
29.with the help of 30.compare…to…
31.think about 32.break off
九年级上学期英语知识点
1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。 Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。
2.By: ①通过…..方式(途径)。例:I learn English by listening to tapes.
②在…..旁边。例:by the window/the door
③乘坐交通工具 例:by bus/car
④在……之前,到……为止。例:by October在10月前
⑤被 例:English is spoken by many people.
3.how与what的区别:
how通常对方式或程度提问,意思有:怎么样 如何,通常用来做状语、表语。
what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问,意思为 什么,通常做宾语,主语。
①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度 做表语)
②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air.
③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.
① What…think of…? How…like…?
② What…do with…? How…deal with…?
③ What…like about…? How…like…?
④ What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today?
⑤ What to do? How to do it?
e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book?
I don’t know what I should do with the matter.=I don’t know how I should deal with it.
What do you like about China?=How do you like China?
I don’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step?
㊣ What good / bad weather it is today!(weather为不可数名词,其前不能加 a )
㊣ What a fine / bad day it is today! (day为可数名词,其前要加 a )
初三 英语学习 方法
一、【如何学好初三英语】:词汇
词汇是学好英语的关键,没有足够的词汇就无从谈起听、说、读、写。
词汇量的大小决定一个学生英语水平的高低。因此在初中阶段除要掌握《大纲》要求的800多词汇外,还要扩充500个左右的词汇。在学习词汇的过程中,要掌握词的拼读规则,根据规则记忆单词;同时还要根据构词法知识记忆和扩充单词,通过语境理解和记忆单词也是一个学习单词的好方法。目前词汇在中考试题中汉译英的试题越来越少,取而代之的是词汇在语境中的运用考查比重越来越大。在进入 学习英语 的初级阶段时,掌握语音知识是学好 英语单词 的基础,读准英语音素是拼读音标的前提。因此一定要熟练掌握48个音素,要做到会拼读、拼写。有些同学认为中考试题的笔试部分取消了对语音的考查,于是就其次,要注意训练自己听音、辨音和模仿的能力。课堂上,专心听老师的发音和磁带上的录音,争取当堂学会。对于那些比较拗口的单词、 短语 或 句子 ,课下一定要挤时间反复模仿,直到读准、读熟为止。再次,熟练掌握读音规则,培养自己根据读音规则把字母(或字母组合)与读音建立起联系的能力。因为掌握拼读规则对单词的记忆很有好处。
二、【如何学好初三英语】:语法
语法是学好英语的基础,它是掌握英语的工具。在你掌握了一定的词汇量后,了解一些语法知识是非常必要的。选择填空是考查语法的一个重要题型。它可以通过选择的方式考查名词、动词、代词、形容词、副词、连词、介词和数词等等。覆盖面较广。初中阶段所学的语法知识就是那么屈指可数的几个,反复练习过多遍,为什么到头来还是出错呢?这种一错再错的现象在学生中是普遍存在的,即某个题目在以前曾做错过,以后再次见到这个题,还是做不对甚至犯同样的错误。我觉得问题的关键在于没有彻底弄懂错误的原因或没有引起足够的重视。你应该把做错的每一道题,都要进行认真、仔细的分析和思考:错在哪里?是对该知识点不了解还是粗心大意所致?如何改正?怎样才能避免类似错误的发生?是否还有 其它 的解法?经过这一番 反思 之后,再把它们记录到"错题库"中去。以后再碰到类似题目就基本上可以杜绝错误的发生。尤其是那些易受思维定势影响的题目更应当这样去处理,否则就很容易重蹈覆辙。
时态学习是中国学生最为头疼是一项语法项目。因为中国人在语言的表达中只有时间的变化,而没有时态的概念,但英语中语言所表述的事情处在不同的时间,要用不同的时态,而且时态的关键表述在句子的谓语动词上。有时背起规则来很容易,但在句子的使用中却常常出现错误。要准确地掌握初中阶段的五个基本时态,重要的还是要在句子中多运用。
初三英语单元知识点归纳相关 文章 :
★ 初三上册英语单元知识点
★ 初三英语第一单元知识点梳理与学习方法
★ 九年级英语语法知识点整理归纳
★ 初三全程英语知识点总结
★ 初三英语知识点大总结
★ 初三上册英语知识点归纳
★ 初三英语重要知识点
★ 人教版九年级英语词组知识点归纳
★ 初三英语九个语法知识点
⑽ 新目标九年级英语上册第一单元的重要知识点和考点
1.aloud adv.出声地(使别人能听得到)
Reading aloud is a good way in leaning English.
朗读是学英语的一个好方法。
▲loud adj. 大声的,声音洪亮的,loud—louder—loudest
He talked in a loud voice so that everyone could hear him.
他说话声音很大以便于每个人都能听得到他。
▲adv. loud—louder—loudest
Don’t talk so loud.The kids are reading.
说话小声些,孩子们正在看书。
(Speak)louder,please!
请再说高一些!
▲loudly adv吵吵闹闹地,噪声地
I heard someone knocked loudly at the door.
我听到有人在使劲敲门。
They are talking loudly in the next room.
他们在隔壁说话声很大。
2.voice n.噪音,鸟鸣声
She has a sweet voice.
她声音很甜美。
She raised her voice so that she could be heard.
她提高了嗓音队便于别人能听清楚。
He lost his voice./He had no voice because of the cough.
因为咳嗽,他失声了。
▲noise n噪音,吵闹
Don’t make so much noise.
别弄出那么大的噪音。
I heard a strange noise outside.
我听到外边奇怪的声音。
▲sound n.(自然界中的)声音,响声
Sound travels slower than light.
声音的传播比光慢。
3.memory n.(计算机的)储存器
A lot of information is stored in the memory.
计算机的储存器能储存很多信息。
▲n.记忆力
He has a poor memory after the car accident.
车祸后他的记忆力很差了。
▲n. 回忆,怀念
I have a pleasant memory of my childhood.
我对童年有美好的回忆。
▲memorize/memorise vt. 记住,背过
He can memorize new words very quickly.
他能很快记住很多单词。
4. frustrate vt.使失望,使沮丧
The serious illness frustrated his dream for college.
他上大学的梦想遭受挫折。
▲frustrating adj. 令人失望的
What he said is frustrating.
他所说的话很令人失望。
She finds it frustrating to watch English movies.
她觉得看英语电影很令人失望(因为看不懂)。
▲frustrated adj. 失望的,沮丧的
He was frustrated when he failed again in the test.
当他再次考试没及格后,他很失望。
5.add vt. 增加,加
She tasted the soup and added more salt.
她尝了尝汤,又加了些盐。
▲add to 增添
His coming added to our trouble.
他的到来给我们添了很多麻烦。
▲add up to 总计达……,加起来……
The number of the students in our class adds up to 55.
我们班上学生的数目加起来是55人。
▲vt. 补充说,又说
He said goodbye to us and added that he would visit us again.
他和我们说了再见,又说他会再来看我们的。
6. excite vt.使兴奋
The news that our team had won excited everybody.
我们队赢了的消息令所有的人很激动。
▲exciting adj.令人兴奋的
The soccer game is exciting.
那场足球赛很令人激动。
▲excited adv. 兴奋的,激动的
We were very excited at the news.
当听到那个消息,我们很激动。
7.speak(speak—spoke—spoken)说(语言),讲话
Can you speak French?
你会说法语吗?
Do you know who will speak at the meeting?
你知道谁要在会上发言?
▲talk to/with sb 与某人谈话,talk about/of sth/sb谈论某人或某事
He was talking to/with his friend whom I called him.
当我给他打电话时,他正在和他的朋友谈话。
What are you talking about?
你们在说什么?
▲say 说(后接说的内容)
What did he say at the meeting?
他在会上说了什么?
She said she would be back the next week.
她说下周回来。
▲tell 告诉
tell sb sth 告诉某人某事(接双宾语)
Who told you the news?
是谁告诉你的那个消息?
▲讲,说
tell stories讲故事,tell a lie撒谎,tell the truth说实话
Grandma used to tell stories to me when 1 was young.
我小的时候,奶奶经常给我讲故事。
Don’t believe him! He is telling a tie.
别信他!他在撒谎。
To tell you the truth,I don’t quite agree with you.
老实说,我不太同意你的意见。
8.complete vt.使完全,使完整,(圆满完成)
She’s trying to complete collection of the CDs.
他试图收齐那套CD。
▲adj. 巧完整的,完全的
Can you make complete sentences?
你会造完整的句子吗?
He is a complete stranger to me.
他对我来说完全是陌生的。
9.secret n.秘密
It’s a secret between you and me,so don’t tell it to others.
那时我们之间的秘密,所以不要告诉别人。
▲adj. 秘密的
Let’s keep it secret from others.
咱们不让别人知道此事。
Let the cat out of the bag.= Let out the secret.
泄露秘密。
10.impress vt.使感动,给……深刻印象
What he did impressed everybody present.
他的事迹给在场的人留下了深刻的印象。
The beautiful sights of the country impressed all of us.
那个国家的美景打动了我们所有的人。 、、
▲impressed adj. (被)感动的
We were impressed by what he did.
我们被他的话所感动。
11. native n. 当地人,本国人
When we were on vacation in Brazil,we lived like the natives.
我们在巴西度假时,就像当地人那样生活。
The kangaroo is a native of Australia.
袋鼠是产于澳洲的动物。
▲native speaker 生来就说某种语言的人
He speaks English so well that we all think he is a native speaker·
他的英语说得太好了,我们都认为他是个本地人。
▲native language 母语
Marx was born in Germany,and German was his native language.’
马克思出生在德国,法语是他的母语。
Important phrases(重点词组)
人民教育出版社教学资源分社
1.1isten to cassettes 听磁带
2.first of all 首先
3.work/study with a group 和小组一起学习
4.watch English language TV 看英语电视
5.spoken English 英语口语
6.writing practice 写作训练
7.join an English club 加入英语俱乐部
8.1ater on 以后;随后
9.look up words(in a dictionary) 查同典
10.native speakers 生来就说某种语言的人
11.not at aIl 根本不;一点也不
12.end up 结束
13. ask the teacher for help 求助于老师
14.make up 组成;编造
15.enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
16.take notes 做笔记
17.make mistakes 犯错误
1 8.make flashcards 制作认读卡片
19.read aloud 朗读
20. have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
Important sentences(重点句子)
人民教育出版社教学资源分社
1. How do you study for a test?
你怎样准备考试?
▲study for a test prepare for a test 准备考试
— What were you doing when I called last night?
一I was studying for the math test.
一 昨天晚上我打电话时你在干什么?
一 我在准备数学测验。
2. I study for an English test by listening to cassettes.
我听录音准备英语测验。
▲by 靠,用(方法,手段等),后接动名词(doing…)
He makes a living by repairing bikes.
他靠修车为生。
▲listen vi.后加to再接名词。
My sister was listening to music when I got home.
当我到家时,姐姐正在听音乐。
Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
听!有人在敲门。
3.He studies by asking the teacher for help.
他靠求助于老师来学习。
▲ask sb for help求助于某人
—You can ask me for help if you have trouble.
—Thank you.1 will.
— 如果你有麻烦,你可以求助于我。
一 谢谢。我会的。
4.Do you ever practice conversations with friends?
你曾经和朋友练习过会话吗?
▲ever adv. 用于疑问句和否定旬中,“曾经”
Do you ever worry that you’11 fail a test?
你担心考试会不及格吗?
▲practice vt.(Am.E) = practice (Br.E) 练习
▲在美国英语中practice既可作名词又作动词;但在英国英语中practice为名词;practise为动词。
5. What about listening to cassettes?
听录音怎么样?
▲what about + n./pron/doing? =how about + n/pron/doing。例如:
What/How about going to the movies tonight?
今晚去看电影怎么样?
6. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?
靠朗读来练习发音怎么样?
read aloud 朗读
Reading aloud is very helpful in leaning English.
朗读在学英语中很有帮助。
7.I’ve learned a lot that way. 我那样学到了很多。
▲a lot 代表一个不可数名词。例如:
Though he is young,he knows a lot.
他虽然很小,但他知道很多。
▲that way相当于一个副词,way用于which,this,that之后,构成短语,“那样”。如:
Don’t talk to your parents that way.
别那样和父母说话。
8.It improves my speaking skills.
它能提高我的口语技巧。
▲Improve vt. 改进,改善,提高
His work is improving slowly.
他的工作在慢慢改进。
Her pronunciation has greatly improved.
他的发音大大提高了。
▲speaking skill 口语技巧 listening skill 听力技巧
writing skill 写作技巧 reading skill 阅读技巧
9. It’s too hard to understand to voices.
听懂不同的声音很困难。
▲too + adj./adv. + to do “太……而不能……”。又如:
He is too young to go to school.
他太小,不能上学。
She runs too slow to catch up with me.
她跑得太慢追不上我。
10.This week we asked students at New Star High School about the
best ways to learn more English.本周我们问新星中学学生关于多学点英语的最好方法。
▲ask sb about sth 询问某人关于……的情况
Ask her about the pen that you lost.She may have found it.
问问她你丢的钢笔,也许她捡到了。
▲the best ways to do sth = the best ways of doing sth 做……的好办法
Who can tell me the best way of memorizing/to memorize new words?
谁能告诉我记单词的最好办法是什么?
11. She said that memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.
她说记流行歌曲的歌词也有点帮助。
▲that引导的是宾语从句,在宾语从句中memorizing the words of pop songs为动名词短语作主语。例如:
Teaching English is my job.
教英语是我的工作。
Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操对你的身体有好处。
▲a little有点,代表不可数名词,其反义词为a lot。
一Would you like some sugar in your coffee?
你的咖啡里想加糖吗?
一Yes.just a little.
好,要一点点。
12.He’s been learning English for six years and really loves it.
他学英语有六年了,并且很喜欢它。
▲“has/have been doing sth”现在完成进行时,表示从过去某一时间开始持续到现在,还要进行下去的动作。又如:
She has been learning English for 5 years.
她学英语有五年了。
He has been reading for 2 hours and hasn’t finished it yet.
他看书有两个小时了,但还没有完成。
13. He finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly.
他发现看英语电影很令人失望,因为人们说话太快。
▲动名词watching movies在此句中作宾语,又如:
I like playing basketball.
我喜欢打篮球。
▲frustrating为现在分词充当形容词作用,在句中作宾语watching movies的宾语补足语。
▲find sb/sth + n./adj./doing “发现某人……”,后面的“n./adj./doing”作宾语补足语。又如:
I find him a hard-working student.
我发现他是个勤奋的学生。
I find physics difficult to learn.
我发现物理很难学。
When she got home,she found him lying in the bed,i11.
当她到家时,她发现他躺在床上病了。
14.She added that having conversations with friends wasn’t helpful at a11.
她补充说和朋友练习会话一点帮助都没有。
▲having conversations with friends为动名词短语作宾语从句中的主语,要特别注意,动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,不要与friends一致。例如:
Taking care of the little kids is her job.
照看孩子们是她的工作。
▲not…at all 一点也不,用来加强语气,又如:
I don’t agree with him at a11.
我一点也不同意他的意见。
15. We get excited about something and then end up speaking in Chinese.
我们会因为某件事变得很激动,最后用汉语来描述。
▲end up达到某种状态或采取某种行动,又如:
At first he said nothing but he ended up apologizing.
一开始,他什么也不说,到头来还是道了歉。
16.1’m doing a survey about learning English.Can l ask you some questions?
我正在就关于学习英语作调查。我能问你几个问题吗?
▲do a survey about sth/doing sth 关于……作调查
Last week,we did a survey about surfing the Internet.
上周,我们就网上冲浪作了个调查。
▲some用于疑问句时,表示希望得到肯定回答,如果只是询问信息,可以用any代替some用于疑问句和否定句中。又如:
Could you please lend me some money?
你能借给我些钱吗? (希望得到肯定回答)
Did you buy her any gifts?
你给她买礼物了吗?(询问信息)
17.1 often keep an English notebook.
我经常记英语笔记。
▲keep vt. 记录(某事),在某物上做书面记载
She kept a diary for over twenty years.
她写日记有20多年了。
I have the habit of keeping notes.
我有记笔记的习惯。
18.I can’t pronounce some of the words.有一些单词我不会发音。
▲some/many/all/most/none/few…of the + 名词
Most of the students love reading.
多数学生喜欢看书。
19.1 make mistakes in grammar.
我在语法方面老犯错误。
▲make a mistake/make mistakes 犯错误
Don’t be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English.
当说英语时不要怕犯错误。
by mistake 错误地.
Do you know that potato chips were invented by mistake?
你知道炸薯片是被错误发明的吗?
20.I don’t know how to use commas.
我不知道怎样使用逗号。
▲此句的宾语是由疑问词how加不定式to use commas构成的,这是个简单句,它可以改为一个复合句。例如:
I don’t know how I should use commas.
I don’t know what to do.= I don’L know what I should do.
我不知道该做什么。
Can you tell mc when to start? = Can you tell me when I should start?
你能告诉我何时出发吗?
21.Why don’t you join an English language club to practice speaking English?
你为什么不加入一个英语俱乐郝来练习说英语昵?
▲Why don’t you do…? = Why not do…? 表示建议,意为“为什么不……?”,又如:
Why don’t you/Why not go to school by bike when there’s heavy traffic?
当交通很拥堵时,你为什么不骑白行车上学呢?
▲join加入某组织成为其中的成员,take part in参加某种活动,attend参加会议,报告,演讲等。例如:
His father joined the Party in 1976.
他爸爸是1976年入的党。
People often take part in sports after work.
工作之余人们经常参加体育活动。
I attended an important meeting yesterday.
昨天我参加了一个会。
22. l don’t have a partner to practice English with.
我没有同伴一起练习英语。
▲此处的不定式to practice English with作定语,修饰a partner。又如:
The teacher has something to say.
老师有话要说。
He has no room to live in.
他没有房子住。
23.First of all,it wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked to the class.
起初,对我来说听懂老师在班里讲话都不是件容易的事。
▲first of all 最初,首先
First of all she just smiled,then she started to laugh.
最初她只是笑,后来才放声大笑。
▲It is/was + adj. + for sb to do (句式)对某人来说做某事…… 例如:
It is difficult for me to learn physics well.
对我来说学好物理很难。
It is important to learn English.
学英语很重要。
24.To begin with,she spoke too quickly,and l could not understand every word.
一开始,她说得太快了,我不能听懂所有的话。
▲to begin with = to start with 首先,一开始,第一
To begin with he had no money,but later he became quite rich.
他起初没钱,可是后来相当富有了。
▲not…every + 可数名词单数 = not all + 复数名词表示部分否定“并非所有的”又如:
You don’t have to remember every word.
你没必要记住所有的字。
Not all the students live far away from school.
不是所有的学生都住得离学校远。
25.Later on,I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word.
后来,我意识到如果有些词听不懂没关系。
▲later on 后来,以后
At first things went well,but later on they ran into trouble.
起初事情进展地很顺利,但后来他们遇到了麻烦。
▲realize vt. 意识到,认识到(有一个逐渐认识的过程),不用于进行时和被动语态。例如:
One day you’ll realize that you are wrong.
总有一天你会意识到你错了。
▲that引导的是realize的宾语从句,在宾语从句中又出现了if引导的条件状语从旬。例如:
It doesn’t matter ff you can’t drive a car.
如果你不会开车没关系。
26.Also l was afraid to speak in class, because I thought my classmates might laugh at me。
我还害怕在班里发言,因为我怕同学会嘲笑我。
▲be afraid of sth/to do/of doing sth 害怕/不敢/恐怕做某事
I used to be afraid of the dark.
我过去常常怕黑。
She’s afraid to go/of going out alone at night.
她害怕夜晚独自出去。
▲might 表示可能性
He might know her telephone number,but I’m not sure.
他可能知道她的电话号码,但我不确定。
▲laugh at sb 嘲笑
It’s bad manners to laugh at people in trouble.
嘲笑陷入困境的人不礼貌。
27. 1 think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner.
我认为做大量的听力练习是成为一名好的语言学习者的秘诀之一。
▲doing lots of listening practice 动名词短语作主语。
▲one of the secrets of doing sth 做某事的秘诀之一,要注意one of与复数名词搭配。例如:
He is one of the students who are good at soccer.
他是喜欢足球的学生中的一员。
28.Another thing that l found very difficult was English grammar.
另一个我发现很困难的东西是英语语法。
▲that引导的是定语从句,修饰another thing,that在定语从句中作found的宾语。又如:
Is there anything that I can do for you? = Can I help you? = What can I do for you?
我能为你做点什么? (你买什么?)
29.Then l started to write my own original sentences using the grammar 1 was learning.
然后我用学过的语法造有独创性的句子。
▲start/begin to do sth = start/begin doing sth 开始做某事
original sentences 有独创性的句子,新颖的句子
▲1 was leaning为定语从句,修饰grammar,省略了先行词that。
30. It’s amazing how much this helped.
真是不可思议了,这样做很有帮助。
▲It's amazing + 从句/to do sth “……真是太惊奇了”。
It’s amazing to meet an old friend in a foreign country.
在国外遇到老朋友,真是太惊喜了。
▲It为形式主语,真正的主语是how much this helped
在例句中,真正的主语是不定式to meet an old friend in a foreign country。
31.Now I am enjoying learning English and l got an A in this term.
现在我很喜欢英语,并在这学期得了个“A”。
▲注意:“A”前边用不定冠词,选用冠词时要看字母的发音,即元音音素开头的用“an”。例如:
There is a “U” and an “R’’ in the word “hour’’.
在单词“hour”里面,有一个“U”和一个“R”。
32.She had trouble in making complete sentences.
她造完整的句子有困难。
▲have trouble in doing sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
He had trouble in understanding native speakers.
他听外国人说话有困难。
▲make sentences 造句
Do you find it hard to make complete sentences?
你发现造完整的句子很困难吗?
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