⑴ 求初一上册英语所有知识点总结
初一上册英语所有知识点及练习:
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. Sit down
2. on ty
3. in English
4. have a seat
5. at home
6. look like
7. look at
8. have a look
9. come on
10. at work
11. at school
12. put on
13. look after
14. get up
15. go shopping
II. 重要句型
1. help sb. do sth.
2. What about…?
3. Let’s do sth.
4. It’s time to do sth.
5. It’s time for …
6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s…
7. Where is…? It’s….
8. How old are you? I’m….
9. What class are you in? I’m in….
10. Welcome to….
11. What’s …plus…? It’s….
12. I think…
13. Who’s this? This is….
14. What can you see? I can see….
15. There is (are) ….
16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s (They’re)…
17. Whose …is this? It’s….
18. What time is it? It’s….
III. 交际用语
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….
2. Hello! Hi!
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?
5. See you. See you later.
6. Thank you! You’re welcome.
7. Goodbye! Bye!
8. What’s your name? My name is ….
9. Here you are. This way, please.
10. Who’s on ty today?
11. Let’s do.
12. Let me see.
IV. 重要语法
1. 动词be的用法;
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;
3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;
4. 冠词的基本用法;
5. There be句型的用法。
【名师讲解】
1. in/on
在表示空间位置时,in表示在某个空间的范围以内,on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如:
There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。
There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。
2. this/that/these/those
(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事,those时that的复数形式。例如:
You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边的那个盒子。
I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆。
Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。
This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的,那个是你的。
These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果,那些是橘子。
(2)在打电话的用语中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是对方。例如:
This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁?
3. There be/ have
There be "有",其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如:
(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。
(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。
(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。
总之,There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有,占有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:
(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。
(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。
4. look/ see/ watch
(1)look 表示“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强调看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒对方注意。,如:
Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。
Look! What’s that over there? 看!那边那个是什么?
单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如:
He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。
(2)see强调“看”的结果,着重的是look这个动作的结果,意思是“看到”,see是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语。如:
What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么?
Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什么?
(3)watch“观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如:
Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。
4. put on/ / in
put on意为“穿上,戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。
in 是介词,表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如:
It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,走了出去。
The woman in a white blouse is John’s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。
5. house/ home/family
house :“房子”,指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”,指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“,“家庭成员”。例如:
Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。
He is not at home. 他不在家。
My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。
6. fine, nice, good, well
四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意,但前三者既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于:
(1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细",形容人时表示的是"身体健康",也
可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如:
Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。
That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。
It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。
(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表,有"美好","漂亮"的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如:
Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。
These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。
Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。
It's very nice of you. 你真好。
(3)good形容人时指"品德好",形容物时指"质量好",是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如:
Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。
The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。
(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好",但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如:
I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好,谢谢。
My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在:
1. 动词be的用法;
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;
3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;
4. 冠词的基本用法;
5. There be句型的用法。
6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;
7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。
考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考试题)
Mary, please show ________ your picture.
A. my B. mine C. I D. me
【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。本题中动词show后面跟双宾语,空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。
2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题)
_________ orange on the desk is for you, Mike.
A. A B.An C. / D. The
【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子,所以用定冠词the。
3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题)
---What _______ the number of the girls in your class?
---About twenty.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
【解析】答案:A。该题考查的是动词be的用法和主谓一致。the number作主语,应该是单数第三人称,动词be变为is。
4. (2004年陕西省中考试题)
There _______ a football match on TV this evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是There be…句型和动词have用法区别。There be句型本身就表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”,不能和动词have混在一起用。
【满分演练】
一. 单项填空
1. ---What colour is the bike?
---It’s _______ orange.
A. an B. a C. / D. the
2. That isn’t her bag. It’s ________.
A. my B. I C. mine D. me
3. ---Oh, your kite is very nice.
---__________________.
A. That’s right B. No, it’s not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you
4. The woman is sixty, but she _______ young.
A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches
5. It’s time ________ lunch. Let’s go home.
A. to B. in C. for D. on
6. ---________ is your coat?
---The black one.
A. What B. Where C. Which D. How
7. ---________ is the toy?
---It’s on the bed.
A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose
8. The shoes are too old. Put ________ over there.
A. it B. they C. their D. them
9. Excuse me. Can you _______ my watch, please?
A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at
10. Look _______ the blackboard and listen _______ the teacher.
A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after
11. ---Whose dress is this?
---It’s _________.
A. Lucy B. Lucy’s C. Jim D. Jim’s
12. The girl ______ the purple coat is his sister.
A. at B. in C. on D. with
13. There is a bird ______ the tree.
A. in B. on C. to D. of
14. There are many ________ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. woman teacher
C. women teacher D. women teachers
15. ---Is there a ball under the desk?
---______________________.
A. Yes, it is B. Yes, there’s
C. No, there isn’t D. No, there is
16. There _______ some books and a pencil on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
17. ---Let me help you.
---_______________.
A. You’re welcome B. Thanks very much
C. Don’t worry D. Yes, thanks
18. ______ old man is ______ English teacher.
A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a
19. ---What _____ five plus six?
---It’s eleven.
A. am B. is C. are D. /
20. ---What ______ you see in the picture?
---I can see some flowers.
A. must B. can C. are D. do
二. 完形填空
This is a picture of Kat’s ____1____. What can we ____2_____ in the picture? Look ____3____ it, please. The man ____4____ the black coat is Kate’s father, Mr. Green. The ____5____ in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They ____6____ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kate’s ____7_____, Jim. ___8____ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, he’s ____9___ brother, Mr. Read. He ____10____ young, too.
1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers
2. A. look B. do C. see D.put
3. A. at B. after C. for D. up
4. A. on B. of C. in D. to
5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman
6. A. are B. is C. look like D. looking
7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt
8. A. What’s B. Where’s C. Who’s D. How is
9. A. his B. her C. our D. their
10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very
三. 在B栏中找出A栏英语句子的正确答语
(A) (B)
1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6.
2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you.
3. How do you do? C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.
4. What row are you in? D. It is ten.
5. What’s two plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too.
6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14.
7. How old are you? G. Wang Ping is.
8. Who’s not here? H. It’s here.
9. Where is the bag? I. It’s a book.
10. What is this in English? J. How do you do?
四. 完成对话:在对话后面的句子中选出正确的填入空白处
Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours?
Ann: Let me have a look.________1_______. I think it’s Sam’s. My dog is brown.
Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind the tree.________2__________?
Sam: Sorry, it isn’t mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Mary’s.
Jim: _____________3______________?
Sam: She’s my friend. Look! She’s over there. Let’s go and ask her.
Jim: _______________4_______________.
Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?
Mary: _______________5_______________.
Sam: It’s a lovely dog! Don’t lose it!
Mary: Yes, thank you.
A. Who’s Mary
B. OK, let’s go
C. Oh, no it’s not mine
D. Oh, yes. It’s mine
E. Is it yours
五. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. ________ (He) pen is in ______ (I) pencil-box.
2. ________ (You) shoes ________ (be) under the bed.
3. ________ (Who) new ruler is this?
4. ---Are these trousers _______ (you)?
---No, they aren’t ________ (we)
5. It’s time ________ (go) and play games.
6. This is my pen. Please give it to ________ (I).
7. I have two ________ (baby).
8. Look! That is a ________ (China) car.
9. It is __________ (my teacher) sweater.
10. Now her ________ ( parent) are in America.
六. 阅读理解
(A)
Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.
根据短文的内容,判断下列句子的正误:正确地答“A”,错误的答“B”。
1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.
2. He has two brothers and a sister.
3. There are five people in his family.
4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school.
5. “He is an apple in their eyes” means “They love him very much”.
(B)
Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's.
1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can see __________.
A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed
2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They are ________.
A. green B. black C. brown
3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on _________.
A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C. lily's bed
4. How many beds are there in the room? ________.
A. only one B. three C. two
5. Are there any things on Lily's bed? ________.
A. Yes, there is a hat on it
B. No, there is not anything on it
C. Sorry, I don't know
(C)
It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are many people in it. Some of them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. They are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.
There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the Great Wall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see it very much.
1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall __________.
A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus
2. There are __________.
A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two Chinese in the bus
C. only two Chinese on the bike D. only one Chinese in the car
3. The driver is __________.
A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. an American
4. The people __________.
A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall
5. They __________.
A. can see the Great Wall B. can speak English very well.
C. want to talk with the man very much D. want to see the Great Wall very much
⑵ 初一英语知识点上册总结
要想取得好的学习成绩,必须要有良好的学习习惯。习惯是经过重复练习而巩固下来的稳重持久的条件反射和自然需要。建立良好的学习习惯,就会使自己学习感到有序而轻松。以下是我为您整理的《初中 一年级英语 上册知识点 总结 》,供大家查阅。
初一英语知识点上册总结
Unit 1
词汇重点:
1. Good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好 Good night 晚安(晚上告别)
2. glad / nice to meet / see you 见到你很高兴 (回答也一样)
3. welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到…… (回答:Thank you 或者Thanks)
4.let’s + V(原) 让我们做……
5. stand up 起立 sit down 坐下
6. this is----- 这是…… (用于介绍第三者的用语)
7. How do you do ?你好 (回答也是:How do you do ? )
8. How are you ? 你好吗? Fine ,thank you .and you ? 很好;谢谢;你呢?
I’m OK / I’m fine , too . 我也很好。
9.see you = see you later = see you soon = good-bye 再见
10.excuse me 打扰一下;请问
11.I’m -----= my name is ---- 我是……
12. be from = come from 来自
13.in English 用英语
14.Can you spell it ? Yes / No 你能拼写它吗? 能/不能
15.That’s OK / That’s all right / You’re welcome / Not at all 不用谢
16. …… years old ……岁
17.telephone number 电话号码 QQ number QQ号码 ID number 身份证
18.the same (相同的) 反义词 是 different (不同的)
例: We are in the same grade, but we are in different classes.
重点 句子 句型:
1. What is your name ? 你的名字是什么?
2. Where +be + 主语 + from? 某人来自于哪里?(回答:主语+be+地点)
Where are you from? I am from quanzhou.
3. How old + be + 主语? 某人几岁? (回答: 主语 + be + 数字 )
例: How old are you ? I’m forteen.
4. What is your telephone number? 你的电话号码是多少?
(回答:My telephone number is----或者It’s -------)注意:读出号码的时候要逐个读出。
5. What class / grade +be + 主语 + in ? 某人在哪一个班级/年级?
例:what class are you in ? I am in Class Five. (注意:Class 和 Five需要大写)
what grade are you in ? I am in Grade Seven.(注意:Glass 和 Seven需要大写)
6. What’s this/ that (in English) ? 这是什么? (回答:It’s a/an + 单数名词. 这是……)
What’ re these/ those (in English) ? 这些是什么?(回答:They’re + 复数名词 这些是……)
7. How do you spell it ? 你怎么拼写它? E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser. (注意拼读 方法 )
Unit 2
1.sb + has/ have ( an /a ) + adj + 五官 === sb’s 五官 is / are + adj (描述长相)
例:Lily has a small nose. = Lily’s nose is small.
2.I know = I see 我明白了
3.That’s right 那是对的
4.look the same look like 看起来相像 look different 看起来不同
例: Jim and Lilei look the same.== Jim looks like Lilei. .
5. look at + n 看某物 look for +n 寻找某人/某物 look after +n 照顾某人
6.both 两者都…… all 三者或者三者以上都……
Both 和 all位于 be动词或情态动词后,位于行为动词前。
例: We are both students. We both have black eyes. We can both speak English.
7. give sth to sb = give sb sth 把某物给某人; (注意:如果sth是it或them,只能用前者)
8. have different looks == look different 有着不同的长相 (看起来不相像)
havethe same look. ==look the same 有着相同的长相 (看起来很相像)
9.over there 在那边 come in 请进 go out 出去
10. in + 颜色 或 in a/an/the +颜色 + 衣服 表示穿着……颜色的衣服
常常接在名词的后面,表示穿----颜色衣服的…… 如 the girl in red is my sister.
11. too + adj 太……
12.pants 和 shoes 做主语,谓语动词用复数;但a pair of pants/ shoes作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
例: His shoes are black. A pair of shoes is under the bed.
13. in the morning/ afternoom/ evening 在早上/下午/晚上 at night 在晚上
14.go shopping = go to the shop 去购物 类似的有 go swimming go fishing go skating 等等
15.help sb. ( to ) do sth == help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 注意:sb 用代词时必须用宾格
16.high school 中学
17.play +球类 play the 乐器
18.think of 认为,想 think about 考虑 I think + 从句 我认为……
I think he you are right. 否定式常否定主句,但翻译时要否定后面的从句
例:I don’t think he can come. 我认为他不会来了.(不能说:我不认为他会来)
句型:
1. What do/does + 主语 + look like ? 询问人的长相
例: What does your English teacher look like ?
2.What’s -----and ------? ……加……是什么?(回答:It’s ------)
例:What’s red and yellow? It’s orange. What’s two and five? It’s seven.
3.Whose + 东西 + is this/ that ? Whose + 东西 +are these/ those ? 这/这些 是谁的……?
例:Whose coat is this ? It is mine. Whose shoes are these ? They are hers.
4.Who is the letter from? 这封信来自于谁? It’s from Lily. 它来自于莉莉。
5.What color be + 东西? (回答:It’s +颜色 或者 They’er + 颜色)
例:What color is your dress? It’s black.
初一英语知识点上册总结
I.重点句型
Good morning/afternoon/evening.
Good morning/afternoon/evening.
How are you? I’m fine,/OK,thanks. Fine,thanks.
What’s this in English? It’s a map. It’s V.
Spell it please. K-E-Y.
What color is it/the key? It’s blue. The key is yellow.
Hello, Frank. Hello/Hi, Eric.
Unit 1 My name is Gina.
I.重点句型
What’s your name? My name is Jenny. /I’m Jenny. /Jenny.
Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you , too.
What’s his name? His name is Jenny. Jenny.
What’s her name? Her name is Linda.. Linda.
What’s your first name? My first name is Jack. Jack.
What’s your last/family name?
My last/family name is Green. It’s Green.
What’s your/his/her phone number?
My /His/Her phone number is 234-4567. /It’s 281-9176.
II.词组
1 name’s=name is 名字是
2 I’m=I am 我是
3 she’s=she is 她是
he’s=he is 他是
you’re =you are 你是(复数形式)
they’re=they are 他(她;它)们是
that’s=that is 那是
isn’t=is not 不是(单数形式)
he’s not =he is not=he isn’t 他不是
what’s=what is 什么是
where’s=where is 在哪儿是
Let’s=Let us 让我们
4 Nice to meet/see you 见到你很高兴
5 last name=family name=surname 姓氏
6 first name = given name 名字
7 telephone number 电话号码
=phone number 电话号码
8 ID card 身份证
9 Good morning (to sb) 早上好
10 Good afternoon 下午好
11 Good night /evening . 晚上好
12 Sit down, please. =Have a seat, please. 请坐
13 That’s all right. 好;行;不用谢;没关系
That’s right . 对的、正确的
All right . 好的,行,好吧
14 Not at all.=It’s a/my pleasure.=That’s OK.
=You’re welcome.=That’s all right. 不用谢
Unit 2 Is this your pencil?
I.重点句型
Is that/this/it your backpack? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t . It’s his backpack.
This/That is my eraser.
How do you spell it/pen? P-E-N.
Call Allan at 486-67895 Call 685-6098 Call Mary. Phone # 235-7865.
Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
II.词组
1 pencil case 铅笔盒
2 pencil sharpener 卷笔刀
3 pen pal =pen friend 笔友
4 Thank you. =Thanks . 谢谢你
5 in English 用英语
6 computer game(s) 电子游戏
7 Lost and Found 失物招领
8 a set of 一副;一套
a set of keys 一串钥匙
9 who’s=who is 谁是
11 it’s=it is 它是
12 look at 朝…看
13 ball-point pen 圆珠笔
14 call sb at+电话号码 打电话给某人
15 gold ring 金戒指
16 school ID card 校卡
17 See you later.=See you soon . 再见
初一英语知识点上册总结
一、初一英语语法——词法
1、名词
A)、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如:Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:
一)单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers’ Day 教师节 , classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、动词
A) 第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B) 现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或级形式。构成如下:
一) 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三) 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词 (基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二; 其它 后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
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⑶ 初一上册英语知识点总结有哪些
对于初一的学生来说,英语算得上是一种挑战的学科了,所以想要把英语学好需要找到学习方法,以便更好的学习。以下是我分享给大家的初一上册英语知识点总结,希望可以帮到你!
初一上册英语知识点总结
1. 短语归纳:
good morning 早上好
good afternoon 下午好
good evening 晚上好
name list 名单
an English name 英文名字
聚智堂教育的老师说,这些基本的短语,可以说是口语,考生在平常的生活中都能够用到,应该掌握。
2.简单对话
(1) Good morning, Alice! 早上好,艾丽斯!
(2) Good afternoon! 下午好!
(3) Hi, Bob! 你好,鲍勃!
(4) Hello, Frank! 你好,弗兰克!
(5) Good evening 晚上好!
(6) —How are you? 你好吗?
—I’m fine, thanks. How are you? 我很好,谢谢。你好吗?
—I’m OK. 我很好。
聚智堂教育的老师表示,这些对话是老师总结的日常几大用语,考生可以在平常多交流。
3.英语中常见的问候语
在英语中,见面时的问候语有很多常用的有以下几种,聚智堂教育的老师解释说,这些问候语也好,短语也好,对话也罢,我们总结出来不是为了应付考试,而是希望考生能够真正的运用到我们的现实生活中,只有这样,才能学好英语。
① Hello! “你好!”是比较随便、不分时间的一种问候语,通常用于打招呼、打电话。表示惊讶或引起对方注意。对方应答仍用Hello!
② Hi! “你好!”的使用比hello!更随便,在青年人中使用更为普遍。
③ Nice to meet you! “很高兴见到你!”是两个初次见面、经介绍相识的人互相打招呼的用于。
回答时可以说Nice to meet you, too.或者Me, too.表示“见到你很高兴”
④ How do you do? “你好!”用于初次见面,是非正式的打招呼用语。对方应答语应是“How do you do?” How are you? 表示问候。How are you? 意为“你好吗?”,为询问对方身体状况的问候语,应答语一般是“I’m fine. Thank you。
初一上册英语学习方法
1.单词的记忆
其实英语的学习历来都把单词的学习作为重点,初中也不例外。我们一定要记住,单词记忆切忌孤立地,单纯地背诵单词。我们中学最习惯的背诵方法就是背拼写,比如what这个单词我们一般都是这么背whatwhat,这样只是记住了几个孤立的字母而并没有记住单词,过不了几天就会把这个单词忘掉。那么我们就要把单词放在一个整体或者环境中背诵,比如我们不如记住下面一句话:Whatisyourname?(你的名字叫什么)那么就不容易忘掉了。也就是说每记一个单词都要相应地记住用这个单词在内的一个例句,因为单词的意思只能在句子中体现,有意思我们才不容易忘掉,而孤立的无意思的不容易记住。另外记忆单词要利用一切可能的办法去记住,比如分类记忆:我们把动物的有关词汇放在一起,把有关校园的有关词汇放在一起,或者天文,地理,等等。当然我们也可以利用谐音的方法自己编写些小段子记住单词。
2.语法的学习
初中是开始学习系统语法知识的重要阶段。这阶段语法学习好了,以后语法就会感到很轻松。首先应该明确是初中的时候我们学习的更多的是词法而不是句法,因为毕竟从简单开始吧,就算是中考题也基本上没有多少句法的题,所以初中一定要把重心放在词法上,就是名词,介词,冠词,代词,形容词等上面,而这些东西是最零碎的也是最头疼的,我们就更要有细心和耐心。建议每学习一个语法点,在学校教室里抄过一遍笔记后,回家静下心来,再重新整理一遍笔记,去粗取精,这其实是回顾温习的过程,并且要做好分类,不同重要程度的或者难易程度的要用不同的颜色区别对待,并时常翻阅。此外课堂上的语法知识往往和教材同步而并不系统,我们还可以再有一本语法书籍,甚至可以买高中语法,这样有知识的拓展。
3.文章的学习
现在的教材文章普遍较难。所以阅读文章难度是相当大的。学生在学习文章前一定要预习老师即将要讲的内容,事先把自己认为比较难的单词语法和句子划出来,这样就可以有的放矢。课本上的文章一定要精读,不能说看懂了就可以,而是要把每一个重要的单词和句子都要吃透。同时对文章中的经典词汇和段落要记笔记,甚至要会背诵,为后面的写作打基础。加强英语学习,阅读是重点,课堂上的文章太过教条和局限,可能缺乏生动性和乐趣性。因此课后也要多读些课外文章。建议读些国内出版的浅显的英语文章,比如象“英语沙龙初级版”英汉对照着看,一定会有兴趣和提高。
4.写作的学习
写作学习请大家牢牢记住下面两句话。“读书破万卷,下笔如有神”,“熟读唐诗三百首,不会做诗也会吟”,强大的阅读功底是写出好文章的保证,只有输入得多了才能输出得多,因此一定要多读课外文章还有精读文章。在具体联系方面,我们并不需要写太多字数的文章。因为初中生的作文并不需要写太复杂的句子。仅仅是简单句子的结合,所以说中学生的作文不叫真正意义上的作文,而是叫写话。所以鉴于上述,我觉得英汉互译写句子是最好的写作文的方法,把每句话成功的写出来,再结合起来就是一篇好的作文了。
初一上册英语学习建议
一、 制定长远目标,明确每节课的学习任务
根据不同学习阶段及自身能力为自己确立一个“跳一跳就能够得着”的长远目标。有了目标,就有了学习动力,就有了紧迫感和努力方向。这样上课的时候就会受到目标的激励,使大脑处于兴奋状态,才能定向注意,专心致志地去主动学习,提高学习效率。
二、 争取课内外各种机会多练习英语
英语是一种语言,学习它的最好方法就是不断地运用:
1、学会听别人说
2、大胆和别人交谈。学习英语必须在“听”中提高自己,在“说”中检测自己。把听到的,找机会向你的同学、朋友、老师“卖弄”一下;当你体会到成功的喜悦时,那些曾让你感到枯燥的句型、课文,就会一下子变得亲切而有意义了。
“听说”要注意以下两点:
(1)磁带要选对,要选难度适合自己的。听的时间要有保证:每天听半小时。应该说,听纯正、地道的语音、语调,就是一种享受。
(2)听要一句一句地听,说也要一句一句地说。不要求快。要反复听,反复说,直到听懂每一个词,说好每一句才行。练习可以起到一石三鸟的效果:既巩固了语言知识,提高了听力水平,又实现了口语运用。
三、 课前预习
预习的过程是个人独立阅读和思考的过程,它能促使同学们自己查阅有关资料、查阅字典,从而减少盲目性,提高听课质量。
四、 专心听课
用心识记上课时应做到:眼到、口到、手到、心到。努力在课内有目标有意识地去识记该课的生词、短语、句型、重点句子。强迫自己在课内记住这节课最重要的内容,这样,使自己真正体会到“这节课学到不少东西”的踏实感、成就感,进而激发动机,提高兴趣,更有信心去迎接今后的学习。
五、勤记笔记
课堂上做笔记可以帮助集中注意力,理顺思路,增进记忆,锻炼分析归纳、综合概括以及快速反应的能力。笔记也为日后复习提供记忆纲要。
六、 及时、经常、科学地复习
复习是学习之母。要解决困扰学习者最大的知识遗忘问题,只有靠科学的复习。从时间安排上讲,复习既要及时又要经常,不仅在当天,而且在第二天、一周后、一个月后、在你需要用它之前、在考试前都要安排复习。温故而知新,从而更牢固地掌握知识。
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⑷ 初一英语上册知识点归纳(2)
5)当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来回答。例如: what's this in english?----it's an eraser.
what are those?----they are books.
6)对thanks.的回答:that's ok./ you're welcome./ my pleasur.
7)look the same = have the same looks
give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.
be like = look like
in the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on,否则用in)
in red(穿着红色的衣服)
in the desk(在空间范围之内)
in english(用英语)
help sb. do sth.
8)both与all的区别:
both表示“两者都......”;all表示“三者及以上都......”。
2、unit 3——unit 4
1)speak的用法
speak与say不同:speak表示“说”的动作,不表示“说”的内容;say则表示“说”的内容。
speak后面除了能接“语言”外,不能直接接东西,后面加了to则表示“对......说”。 help sb. with sth.(帮助某人做/补习)
want to do sth.(想要做某事)
would like to do sth.
not...at all(一点都不);not at all.(没关系/别介意)
like...a lot = like...very much
2)some和any的区别:
口诀:some用于肯定句,否定、疑问变any。例如:
i have some money.
i don't have any money.
do you have any money?
3)have a seat = take a seat(请随便坐)
4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)
祈使句一般都省略了主语you,所以其否定句直接用don't开头。例如: don't go there!
5)问职业:
what does sb. do?
what is sb.?
what's sb.'s job?
6)work与job的区别:
work是未必有报酬的“工作”,例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的“工作”。
7)on指在物体的表面,不论这个面是否水平的,例如:
on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground
8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)
look after(照料/照顾/照看)
help oneself(请自便/随便吃)
9)表示“建议”的句型:“做某事如何?”
what about (doing) sth.?(英式英语)
how about (doing) sth.?(美式英语)
why don't you do sth.? = why not do sth.?
10)“吃”一日三餐要用have:have breakfast/ lunch/ supper
have...for breakfast/ lunch/ supper
take one's order
be kind to sb.
11)try on这个词组可合可分:名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面,但代词只能放在词组的中间。
12)在口语中往往用take表示“买”。
13)how many与how much的区别:
how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词
14)what do you think of...? 是询问对方对某事物的看法;
how do you like...? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。
think about(考虑)
thank you all the same. (即使对方没能帮上忙,也要礼貌道谢)
thanks. = thank you.(thank作为动词,不能单独使用。)
15)one与it的区别:
当上下文说的是同一种类事物时,任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it。例如:
ann :i have a yellow bag.
jane :i have a green one.
tom : hey, mike. where is your bike?
mike : look, it's over there.
16)倒装句
here you are.
here it is.
17)be free (有空/免费)
forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)
forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)
what's up? = what's wrong with...? = what's the matter with...?
18)go + v.-ing结构的含义:为了实现某目的才去的。例如:
go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等
19)have to do sth.(非主观因素,强调客观因素,“不得不去做某事”) must 则表示主观愿望
20)fly a kite = fly kites
be free = have time
21)时间的表述
当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时,用“分钟”past“小时”。例如:8:23——twenty-three past eight
当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时,用“剩余的时间”to“下一个整点”。例如:
8:49——eleven to nine
当然,还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间,例如:
8:23——eight twenty-three; 8:49——eight forty-nine
整点则在数词后加“-o'clock”,例如:8:00——eight o'clock
在钟点前介词要用at.
22)句型“该干某事了。”:it's time to do sth. = it's time for sth.
例如:该吃午饭了.
it's time to have lunch. = it's time for lunch.
初一英语上册知识点归纳4
词汇:
1.球类名词小结sccer ball英式足球 ping-png ball乒乓球tennis网球vlleball排球basetball篮球
2.“球拍”的表达 tennis racet网球拍 ping-png bat乒乓球拍
句式:1.D引导的一般疑问句 —D u have a TV?—es,I d. / N,I dn’t.—Des he have a tennis racet? —es,he des. / N,he desn’t.
句式:
1. can引导的一般疑问句及相应的答语
—Can u paint? —es, I can. —Can u swi? —N,I can’t.
2. What + 名词 + d sb. d sth? What club d u want t in?
3. What can sb. d? What can u d?
4. 由but连接而成的并列句 T can pla the guitar but he can’t pla it ver well.
5. 以动词原形开头的祈使句 Ce and in us! Ce and shw us!
6. 询问对方姓名: Ma I nw ur nae? What’s ur last nae?
7. Hw ld + be动词 + sb.? Hw ld are u?
8. d引导的一般疑问句 D u have an e-ail address?
9. 常见的表示感谢的用语 Thans a lt. Than u. Than u ver uch.
10. Wh d sb. d sth?是询问原因的句型Wh d u want t in the club?
初一英语上册知识点归纳5
1.“某人的生日”的表达有:
your birth day你的生日mother’sbirth day妈妈的生日
Liu Ping’sbirth day刘平的生日
2.“几月几日”的表达方式:某月1日/21日/31日用“月份+1st/21st/31st”
Septe mber 1st9月1日August 21 st8月 21日
某月2日/22日用“月份+2nd/22nd”
May 2nd 5月2日March 22nd 3月22
某月3日/23日用“月份+3rd/23rd”July 3rd7月3日
除上述日期外,其余的日期都用“月份+日期+th”Nove mber11th 11月11日
3.date of birth出生日期4.how old多大年龄
5.spee chcontest演讲比赛give a speech发表演讲
6.school trip学校郊游 trip 的其他常用短语:go on atrip出去旅行bus in esstrip出差7.baske tball game篮球比赛volley ball game排球比赛8.birth day party 生日聚会 party的其他短语有:atthe party在聚会上have a party举行聚会
9.School Day校庆10.Art Festival 艺术节11.Music Festival 音乐节12.English Party 英语聚会
句式:
1.When+be动词+其他?询问时间
When is your birthday? When is your mother’sbirth day?
Joe,when is thesc hooltrip?
2.sb.’sbirth day+be动词+日期My birth day is June fourth.
Her birth day is July 22 nd.
3.How old+be动词+sb? How old are you?
4.Do/ Doessb .have /has...?Do you have a School Day at yours chool? Do you have an Art Festival?5.sb.+be动词+年龄I’mfifteen years old.
初一英语上册知识点归纳6
一.重点短语
1.inEnglish2.excuseme3.computergame4.lostandfound
5.call…at…6.asetofkeys
二.重点句型.
1.----Isthis hatyourpen?2.---Isthis hathisherbook?
-----Yes,itis.-----No,itisn’t..-----Yes,itis.-----No,itisn’t..
3.---Arethese hoseyourhisherpencils?----Yes,theyare.----No,theyaren’t..
三.知识点
1.一般疑问句:是以be动词(is,are等),情态动词(can等)或助动词(do,does等)开头,表示疑问的句子。
一般疑问句的回答,肯定回答:Yes+主语代词+用来提问的词.No+主语代词+用来提问的词+not..
2.含有be动词的句子变一般疑问句把be动词提到句首,变否定,be后加not..
3.特殊疑问句:是以特殊疑问代词what(什么)who(谁)等或疑问副词how(怎样)where(在那里)等开头,表示疑问的句子。回答不能用Yes或No,要根据问的内容来答。
4.如何写失物招领: 5.如何写寻物启事:6. call +某人+at+电话号码(拨打……号码找某人)
Found: watch Lost:
Is this your watch? My ID card.
Please call Mary. My name is Tom.
Phone # 123698. Please call 685---3564.
初一英语上册知识点归纳7
1.have“有”啥用法。
have是英语中很有用的动词,基本含义是“有”。如课文中的“Ihaveasoccerball.”have在he,she,it后面要变成has,即:一般现在时态第三人称单数形式。
如:Hehasabasketball.
have当动词“有”的意思时,句式是:
陈述句:Ihaveanicebag.我有一个不错的包。
疑问句:Doyouhaveanicebag?Yes,Ido.No,Idon't.
你有一个漂亮的包吗?是的,我有。不,我没有。
否定句:Idon'thaveanicebag.
我没有漂亮的包
have与其它的词组合成词组、短语,就不表示有了,其意思由后面的名词决定。如:
haveclasses(上课);havebreakfast(吃早饭);haveagoodtime(玩得高兴);havesports(进行体育活动);haveadayoff(休假)等等。
have与therebe句型的区别
therebe是表示“在某处存在某物”,而have则是表示所属的意思,即“拥有”,通常主语是人。我们来看两个句子:
Thereisabookonthedesk.书桌上有一本书。
Ihavemanybooks.我有很多本书。
2.Let's的用法。
句中的let's表示“让我们”,这个句型表示说话人的建议,建议说话人和听话人一起去做某事情,它是letus的缩写形式,但用letus表示的是说话人建议听话人让说话人干某事。如:
Let'sgotoschool.让我们到学校去。
Let'splaybasketball.让我们打篮球去。
MrWang,letusreadthebooknow.
王老师,让我们读课文吧。
⑸ 初一上册英语知识点总结
关于任何事物的知识都有五个层次或者要素:事物的名称、定义、形象,有关事物的智识或者知识,以及事物本身——这才是知识的真正目标。下面我给大家分享一些初一上册英语知识点,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!
初一上册英语知识点1
一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写
要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。
二、be动词的用法
be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:
"我"用am, "你"用are, is用于"他、她、它";单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。
三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)
1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于 句子 主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。
五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。
2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。
六、可数名词变复数
可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1、规则变化:
(1)一般情况直接在词尾加"-s ",如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;
(2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加"-es ",如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加"-es ",如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;
(4)部分以f (e)结尾的词,变f (e)为"ves ",如:knife-knives, half-halves等;
(5)以o结尾的词,加"-s "或"-es ",如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了"英雄"hero外,凡是能吃的,加"-es ",不能吃的加"-s "。
2、不规则变化:
(1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;
(2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;
(3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。
七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则
最基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当。
主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数(简称"三单")时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非"三单"时,谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变"三单"的规则如下:
(1)一般动词在词尾加"-s ",如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;
(2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加"-es ",如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;
(3)以o结尾的动词一般加"-es ",如:do-does, go-goes等;
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加"-而是",如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;
(5)have的三单形式是has。
八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词)
冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种。
1、定冠词the表示"特指",可译为"这个"、"那个"、"这些"、"那些"。
2、不定冠词a, an用来表明(可数)名词的数量是"一个"。an用于以元音开头(注意不是以元音字母开头)的单词前,a则英语非元音开头的单词前。
3、不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:不定冠词不是刻意强调"数量",而基数词则强调"数量"。
九、助动词(do, does )的用法
只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例:
(1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及"主谓一致"原则。
eg : I like English a lot.
Michael likes Chinese food very much.
(2)当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为"三单"时,要使用does;当主语为"非三单"时,用助动词原形do。例如把下列句子变否定句:
Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.
They like sports.------They don't like sports.
(3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句:
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.
Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.
十、名词所有格
1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;
2、用of表示"......的",但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)
3、have与of的区别:
have一般表示"主动拥有",往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能"主动拥有",表示所属关系时要用of。例如:
I have a new bike. She has two big eyes.
a door of the house
初一上册英语知识点2
1、Unit 1 --Unit 2
(1) 问候语 :
Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.
How are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, thanks.
Hi! Hello!
How do you do?
(2)道别用语:
Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面,see用于熟人间)
Nice to meet/ see you, too.
Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!
(3)介绍人或者物的句型:This is...
(4)Excuse me.与I'm sorry.的区别:
Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意,而I'm sorry.则是向对方道歉。
(5)词组be from = come from
(6)当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来回答。 例如: What's this in English?----It's an eraser.
What are those?----They are books.
(7)对Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.
(8)look the same = have the same looks
give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.
be like = look like
in the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on,否则用in)
in red(穿着红色的衣服)
in the desk(在空间范围之内)
in English(用英语)
help sb. do sth.
(9)both与all的区别:
both表示"两者都......";all表示"三者及以上都......"。
2、Unit 3--Unit 4
(1)speak的用法
speak与say不同:speak表示"说"的动作,不表示"说"的内容;say则表示"说"的内容。
speak后面除了能接"语言"外,不能直接接东西,后面加了to则表示"对......说"。
help sb. with sth.(帮助某人做/补习......)
want to do sth.(想要做某事)
would like to do sth.
not...at all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意)
like...a lot = like...very much
(2)some和any的区别:
口诀:some用于肯定句,否定、疑问变any。例如:
I have some money.
I don't have any money.
Do you have any money?
(3)have a seat = take a seat(请随便坐)
(4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)
祈使句一般都省略了主语You,所以其否定句直接用Don't开头。例如:
Don't go there!
(5)问职业:
What does sb. do?
What is sb.?
What's sb.'s job?
(6)work与job的区别:
work是未必有报酬的"工作",例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的"工作"。
(7)on指在物体的表面,不论这个面是否水平的,例如:
on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground
(8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)
look after(照料/照顾/照看)
help oneself(请自便/随便吃)
(9)表示"建议"的句型:"做某事如何?"
What about (doing) sth.? (英式英语)
How about (doing) sth.? (美式英语)
Why don't you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?
(10)"吃"一日三餐要用have:have breakfast/ lunch/ supper
have...for breakfast/ lunch/ supper
take one's order
be kind to sb.
(11)try on这个词组可合可分:名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面,但代词只能放在词组的中间。
(12)在口语中往往用take表示"买"。
(13)how many与how much的区别:
how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词
(14)What do you think of...? 是询问对方对某事物的看法;
How do you like...? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。
think about(考虑)
Thank you all the same. (即使对方没能帮上忙,也要礼貌道谢)
Thanks. = Thank you.(thank作为动词,不能单独使用。)
(15)one与it的区别:
当上下文说的是同一种类事物时,任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it。例如:
Ann :I have a yellow bag.
Jane :I have a green one.
Tom : Hey, Mike. Where is your bike?
Mike : Look, it's over there.
(16)倒装句
Here you are.
Here it is.
(17)be free (有空/免费)
forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)
forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)
What's up? = What's wrong with...? = What's the matter with...?
(18)go + v.-ing结构的含义:为了实现某目的才去的。例如:
go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等
(19)have to do sth.(非主观因素,强调客观因素,"不得不去做某事")
must 则表示主观愿望
(20)fly a kite = fly kites
be free = have time
(21)句型"该干某事了。":It's time to do sth. = It's time for sth.
例如:该吃午饭了.
It's time to have lunch. = It's time for lunch.
(22)时间的表述
当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时,用"分钟"past"小时"。例如:
8:23--twenty-three past eight
当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时,用"剩余的时间"to"下一个整点"。例如:
8:49--eleven to nine
当然,还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间,例如:
8:23--eight twenty-three; 8:49--eight forty-nine
整点则在数词后加"-o'clock",例如:8:00--eight o'clock
在钟点前介词要用at.
初一上册英语知识点3
I. 初一英语上册重点 短语
1. Sit down
2. on ty
3. in English
4. have a seat
5. at home
6. look like
7. look at
8. have a look
9. come on
10. at work
11. at school
12. put on
13. look after
14. get up
15. go shopping
II. 初一英语上册重要句型
1. help sb. do sth.
2. What about…?
3. Let’s do sth.
4. It’s time to do sth.
5. It’s time for …
6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s…
7. Where is…? It’s….
8. How old are you? I’m….
9. What class are you in? I’m in….
10. Welcome to….
11. What’s …plus…? It’s….
12. I think…
13. Who’s this? This is….
14. What can you see? I can see….
15. There is (are) ….
16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s(They’re)…
17. Whose …is this? It’s….
18. What time is it? It’s….
III. 初一英语上册交际用语
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….
2. Hello! Hi!
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks.And you?
5. See you. See you later.
6. Thank you! You’re welcome.
7. Goodbye! Bye!
8. What’s your name? My name is ….
9. Here you are. This way, please.
10. Who’s on ty today?
11. Let’s do.
12. Let me see.
IV. 初一英语上册重要语法
1. 动词be的用法;
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;
3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;
4. 冠词的基本用法;
5. There be句型的用法。
初一上册英语知识点 总结 相关 文章 :
★ 七年级英语上册各单元知识点汇总
★ 初一英语全册语法知识点汇总
★ 新人教版七年级上册英语知识点汇总
★ 初一英语语法知识点总结归纳
★ 七年级上册英语知识点总结
★ 英语初一上册的语法总结
★ 初一英语上学期知识点归纳
★ 初一英语上册知识点总结归纳
★ 初一上册英语知识点
★ 七年级上册英语知识点汇总
⑹ 一年级英语知识点总结整理
无一事不学,无一时不学,无一处不学,成功之路也。学习外语并不难,学习外语就像交朋友一样,朋友是越交越熟的,天天见面,朋友之间就亲密无间了。下面是我给大家整理的一些 一年级英语 的知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。
小学一年级下册英语知识点整理
1. 文具类单词: book书, ruler尺子, pencil铅笔,
rubber橡皮, pen钢笔, bag包
2. 课堂用语指示句型:Stand up, please. 请起立。
Sit down, please.请坐。
Open your book.打开你们的书。
Close your book.合上你们的书。
3.日常问候句型: How are you? 你身体好吗?
Fine, thank you. 很好,谢谢你。
Good morning. 早上好。
4.韵律诗: ____, ____, I can see. _____, _____, for you and me!
5.儿歌:Good morning
拓展内容:school bag书包
Good afternoon. 下午好。Good evening.晚上好
And you? 你呢? I'm fine, too.我也很好。
一年级下册英语知识点
1.数字单词:one 1, two 2, three 3, four 4, five 5, six 6
2.借物品句型:Give me a rubber, please. 请给我一块橡皮。
Give me a pencil, please. 请给我一支铅笔。
3.介绍人物句型: Hi, May. This is Tim. 你好,梅. 这是Tim.
Hello, I'm May. 你好,我是梅.
Hello. May. 你好,梅.
4.听口令: Show me给我看… clap拍手…. Say说….
How many..? 多少…?
5.韵律诗:One two three, it's a tree. Four five six, pick up sticks.
一年级的英语语法知识点
一般过去时
表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。
结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was; were)或主语+动词的过去式。
注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。
如:My earphones were on the ground just now.
我的耳机刚刚还在呢。
Where were you last week? I was at a camp.
你上个星期去哪了?我去 野营 了
What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm
你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。
问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;
否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。
一年级英语知识点 总结 整理相关 文章 :
★ 一年级英语语法知识点归纳
★ 一年级英语重点知识点汇总
★ 一年级英语知识点归纳
★ 小学一年级英语语法知识点整理
★ 一年级英语知识点总结
★ 小学一年级英语语法知识汇总
★ 小学一年级英语学习方法指导
★ 最新一年级英语语法知识总结
★ 一年级英语期末复习易错知识点整理
★ 一年级英语重点单词总结
⑺ 初一上册英语重点单词归纳总结
初一上册的英语内容并不多,而且都是比较容易掌握的基础知识,只要上课认真听讲,下课做好知识点的总结就能学好。以下是我分享给大家的初一上册英语重点单词归纳,希望可以帮到你!
初一上册英语重点单词归纳
1. my 我的pron.
2. name 名字n.
3. is 是v.
4. clock 时钟n.
5. I 我pron.
6. am 是v.
7. I'm =I am
8. nice 好的;令人愉快的adj.
9. to 用于与动词原形一起构成动词不定式 prep.
10. meet 遇见;相逢v.
11. you 你;你们pron.
12. what 什么 pron.& adj.
13. what's =what is
14. your 你的;你们的pron.
15. hello (表示问候)喂int.
16. hi (表示问候)嗨int.
17. his 他的pron.
18. and 和;又;而且conj.
19. her 她的pron.
20. question 问题;难题;询问;疑问n.
21. answer 问答;答复;答案n.
22. look 看;望;看起来v.
23. first 第一num.
24. first name 名字
25. last 最后的;上一个的adj.
26. last name 姓氏
27. boy 男孩n.
28. girl 女孩n.
29. zero 零num.
30. one 一num.
31. two 二num.
32. three 三num.
33. four 四num.
34. five 五num.
35. six 六num.
36. seven 七num.
37. eight 八num.
初一上册英语知识点归纳
一、名词所有格
1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;
2、用of表示“......的”,但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)
3、have与of的区别:
have一般表示“主动拥有”,往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能“主动拥有”,表示所属关系时要用of。例如:
I have a new bike. She has two big eyes.
a door of the house
二、课本中的知识点
1、Unit 1 ——Unit 2
1)问候语:
Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.
How are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, thanks.
Hi! Hello!
How do you do?
2)道别用语:
Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面,see用于熟人间)
Nice to meet/ see you, too.
Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!
3)介绍人或者物的句型:This is...
4)Excuse me.与I'm sorry.的区别:
Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意,而I'm sorry.则是向对方道歉。
5)词组be from = come from
in English
5)当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来回答。 例如: What's this in English?----It's an eraser.
What are those?----They are books.
6)对Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.
7)look the same = have the same looks
give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.
be like = look like
in the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on,否则用in)
in red(穿着红色的衣服)
in the desk(在空间范围之内)
in English(用英语)
help sb. do sth.
初一上册重点短语总结
Mole1-----Mole5:
1.In front of
2.next to
3.come from=be from
4.Welcome to..
5.healthy food
6.your favourite food
7.a lesson in good health
8.look around
9.in Class One
10.family name/ given name
11.factory manager
12.Thank you for your email
13.match...with..
M6-----M10:
1.go to the cinema
2.film star
3.That's a great idea!
4.the magic show
5.stay at home
6.at eight o'clock
7.have science/Chinese=
have a science/Chinese lesson
8.have a break
9.go to bed
10.have breakfast/lunch
/dinner
11.a birthday present
12.make a cake
13.at once
14.read books/novels/magazines
15.send sb sth=send sth to sb
16.stay/keep healthy
17.on the computer
18.connect...to...
19.switch on
20.at/on the weekend
21.on the Internet
22.a trip to the zoo
23.go online
M1----M5:
1.在...的前面
2.在...旁边
3.来自......
4.欢迎到....
5.健康食品
6.你最喜欢的食物
7.关于健康的一节课
8.环顾
9.在一班
10.姓/名
11.工厂经理
12.谢谢你的邮件
13.把...与...连线
M6----M10:
1.去电影院
2.电影明星
3.好主意!
4.魔术表演
5.呆在家
6.在八点
7.上科学/语文课
8.休息一会儿
9.去睡觉
10.吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
11.一件生日礼物
12.做一个蛋糕
13.立刻 马上
14.读书/小说/杂志
15.送给某人某物
16.保持健康
17.在电脑上
18.连接..与..
19.接通 开
20.在周末
21.在因特网上
22.去公园的旅行
23.上网
猜你喜欢:
1. 初三必背重点英语单词
2. 七年级必背英语单词
3. 初一年级英语重点单词短语重点句型
4. 中考英语重点单词短语用法总结
5. 初二英语上册重点归纳总结
⑻ 小学牛津英语一年级重点归纳上海版
一年级第一学期
Mole1 Getting to knowyou
Unit1 Greetings
词汇:
morning 早上,上午 afternoon 下午
语法知识:
人称代词I(我,主格),be动词am
重点句子:
Hello! Hi! 你好!
Good morning. 早上好。
Good afternoon. 下午好
Goodbye. 再见。
Hi! I’m Danny. 你好!我是丹尼。
Unit2 My classmates
词汇:
book 书 ruler 尺子 pencil 铅笔 rubber 橡皮
语法知识:
人称代词me(我,宾格),不定冠词a(一个),
祈使句Give me …, please.(请给我……)
重点句子:
Give me a ruler, please. 请给我一把尺。
Give me a rubber, please. 请给我一块橡皮。
Here you are. 给你。
Thank you. 谢谢。
Unit3 My face
词汇:
eye 眼睛 mouth 嘴巴 face 脸 nose 鼻子 ear 耳朵
语法知识:
形容词性物主代词my(我的),your(你的)
指示代词this(这个),be动词is
祈使句Touch … (触摸……) Look! (看!)
重点句子:
This is my face. 这是我的脸。
This is my mouth. 这是我的嘴。
Touch your ear. 触摸你的耳朵。
Hi, Alice! It’s you! 嗨,爱丽丝!这是你!
Look! This is your eye. 看!这是你的眼睛。
My eye? 我的眼睛?
No. It’s not me. 不。这不是我。
Mole 2 Me, my family and friends
Unit1 My abilities
词汇:
dance 跳舞 read 阅读 sing 唱歌 draw 画画
语法知识:
情态动词can
特殊疑问句What can you do?
重点句子:
What can you do? 你会做什么?
I can dance/ read/ sing/ draw. 我会跳舞/阅读/唱歌/画画。
Unit2 My family
词汇:
grandfather 爷爷,外公 grandmother奶奶,外婆 father 爸爸 mother妈妈 me 我
语法知识:
人称代词he(他), she(她)
形容词性物主代词my(我的)
Be动词is
特殊疑问句Who is he/ she?
重点句子:
This is my mother. 这是我的妈妈。
Who is she? 她是谁?
She’s my grandmother. 她是我的奶奶。
Who is he? 他是谁?
He’s my father. 他是我的爸爸。
Unit3 My friends
词汇:
fat 胖的 thin瘦的 tall 高的 short 矮的
语法知识:
形容词性物主代词my(我的)
Be动词is
特殊疑问句Who is he/ she?
情态动词can(会)
重点句子:
This is Danny. He’s my classmate. He’s fat.
这是丹尼。他是我的`同学。他很胖。
This is Kitty. She’s my friend. She’s thin.
这是吉蒂。她是我的朋友。她很瘦。
She’s my friend. She is thin. She can dance. Who is she?
她是我的朋友。她很瘦。她会跳舞。她是谁?
Mole 3 Places and activities
Unit1 In the classroom
词汇:
one 一 two 二 three 三 four 四 five 五 six 六
语法知识:
数词1-6
可数名词复数
特殊疑问句How many …?
重点句子:
One, two, three! Three pencils. 一,二,三!三支铅笔。
How many books? (有)多少本书?
Two books. 两本书。
Unit2 In the fruit shop
词汇:
apple 苹果 pear 梨 peach 桃子 orange 桔子
语法知识:
可数名词复数形式
特殊疑问句How many …?
重点句子:
Apples, please. 请给我苹果。
How many apples? (你要)多少苹果?
Four. 四个。
Here you are. 给你。
Thank you. 谢谢。
Unit3 In the restaurant
词汇:
hamburger 汉堡包 pizza 披萨 cake 蛋糕 pie 馅饼
语法知识:
情态动词may
May I have …, please?
重点句子:
Can I help you? 需要点什么?/ 有什么需要帮忙的吗?
May I have a hamburger, please? 我可以买一个汉堡吗?
Here you are. 给你。
Thank you. 谢谢。
Mole 4 The natural world
Unit1 On the farm
词汇:
chick 小鸡 ck 鸭子 cow 奶牛 pig 猪
语法知识:
指示代词this(这个), that(那个)
特殊疑问句What’s this? What’s that?
Be动词is, am
重点句子:
Peep … Peep … 唧…唧…
What’s this? 这是什么?
It’s a chick. 它是一只小鸡。
Moo… Moo … 哞…哞…
What’s that? 那是什么?
It’s a cow. 它是一头奶牛。
Unit2 In the zoo
词汇:
bear 熊 tiger 老虎 monkey 猴子 panda 熊猫
语法知识:
一般疑问句Is this …? Is that …?
特殊疑问句What’s this? What’s that?
Be 动词is
重点句子:
What’s that? 那是什么?
It’s a bear. It’s fat. 它是一只熊。他很胖。
Is that a monkey? 那是一只猴子吗?
Yes. 是的。
Is this a bear? 这是一只熊吗?
No. it’s a panda. 不。它是一只大熊猫。
Unit3 In the park
词汇:
red 红色 blue 蓝色 yellow 黄色 green 绿色
语法知识:
特殊疑问句What’ this? What is it? What colour is it?
Be动词is
祈使句Colour the …
重点句子:
What’s this? 这是什么?
It’s a pear. 它是一只梨。
What colour is it? 它是什么颜色的?
It’s yellow. 它是黄色的。
Colour the book red. 把书涂成红色。
It’s yellow. It’s big. It goes “quack… quack…” What is it?
它是黄色的。它是大的。它“嘎嘎”地叫。它是什么?
一年级第二学期
Mole 1 Using my five senses
Unit1 Look and see
词汇:
frog 青蛙 rabbit 兔子 bee 蜜蜂 bird 小鸟
语法知识:
数词1-10
动词see
Be 动词am, is
特殊疑问句What do you see? What colour is it?
重点句子:
What do you see? 你看见什么?
I see a frog. 我看见一只青蛙。
What colour is it? 它是什么颜色的?
It’s green. 它是绿色的。
⑼ 一年级英语知识点总结
学英语并不是一个简单的接受过程,这其中有一个内化的过程。只有学生把所学的东西化为自己的东西,他用的时候才能自如,才能恰到其分。英语只有学以致用才能实现学习的价值。以下是我整理的《苏教版:小学生英语知识点 总结 》,希望帮助到您。
一年级英语 知识点总结.
一、名词性物主代词
1、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词一样有8个:
Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的
2、 名词性物主代词的特点:
(1)译成汉语都有"的"
(2)后面不加名词
(3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
Eg:1、the pen is mine 钢笔是我的(mine=my pen)
二、单数的 句子 变成复数的句子
把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单:变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数,但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。
Eg:把下列句子变成复数
1、 I have a car ----we have cars
2、He is an American boy. ----They are American boys
3、 It is a car ----They are cars
4、This is an eraser ----These are erasers
5、That is a backpsck -----Those are backpacks
6、I'm an English teather ------We are English teathers
7、It's a new shirt---- They are new shirts
8、He's a boy ----They are boys
9、She's a singer ------They are singers
10、What'sthis in English?---- What are these in English?
一年级 英语学习 方法
激发学习的积极性
学习兴趣培养起来后,要靠教师的多方面来激发学生学习的积极性。
(1)表扬与批评
在英语教学的过程中,我会根据学生学习表现的本身进行评价。即使是学生读对了一个单词、做对了一道题,我都会给与“Good! Very good! Great!” 此类的评价。对于小学生来说,能提高自信心,鼓舞学生不断的取得进步。在实际教学中,鼓励、
表扬要多过训斥、批评。使每个学生尽量少受失败的挫折,多享受一些成功的快乐,来激发学习的积极性。
(2)竞争与合作
现在的小学生喜欢以自我为中心,谁都有“不服输,想取胜”的好奇心。在英语教学中采取分组竞争的形式,小组之间的竞争,组员之间的合作,争取胜利的同时,进一步激发了学生的积极性。
(3)教师的期望
一个教师对学生的真挚的爱和暗含的期待可以产生巨大的号召力和推动力。在学习中我会让我的学生从各个方面,感到我对他/她的关心和期待,他/她一旦感受到,就会充满积极向上的热情,以正确的态度对待教师的要求,对待自己的行为,充分调动学习的积极性。
一年级 英语学习技巧
调动完成作业的主动性
(1)预习作业
小学生在上课前能做到预习,学起来会比较容易,没有压力的学英语就会很轻松。
(2)听读作业
英语学习注重听、说、读、写四个方面,、每天听读英语是必不可少的。
(3)兴趣作业
经常留一些小学生感兴趣的作业。例如:在街道上,找到“中国银行”、“中国工商银行”的英语的写法;在停车场上,找到“林肯”“丰田”等汽车品牌的英语书写等。小学生会渐渐在发现中学习新的知识。
(4)家庭课堂
抓住小学生喜欢模仿的天性,留一项作业,模仿教师的讲课,回家给爸爸妈妈当会小老师,复述所学的内容。让学生在讲课的过程中把所学的内容进行了复习。
苏教版一年级英语知识点总结相关 文章 :
★ 一年级英语重点知识点汇总
★ 小学一年级英语语法知识汇总
★ 小学一年级英语语法知识点整理
★ 小学英语的知识点重点总结
★ 小学英语重点知识点总结归纳
★ 小学英语重点知识点归纳总结
★ 一年级英语语法知识点归纳
★ 最新一年级英语语法知识总结
★ 小学一年级英语学习方法指导
★ 小学英语知识点大全总结
⑽ 初一英语上册的知识点归类(全部)
一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写
要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。
二、be动词的用法
be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:
“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。
三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)
1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。
五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。
2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。
六、可数名词变复数
可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1、规则变化:
1)一般情况直接在词尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;
2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;
4)部分以f (e)结尾的词,变f (e)为“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;
5)以o结尾的词,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了“英雄”hero外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”。
2、不规则变化:
1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;
2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;
3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。
七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则
最基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当。
主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数(简称“三单”)时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非“三单”时,谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变“三单”的规则如下:
1)一般动词在词尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;
2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;
3)以o结尾的动词一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等;
4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;
5)have的三单形式是has。
八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词)
冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种。
1、定冠词the表示“特指”,可译为“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”。
2、不定冠词a, an用来表明(可数)名词的数量是“一个”。an用于以元音开头(注意不是以元音字母开头)的单词前,a则英语非元音开头的单词前。
3、不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:不定冠词不是刻意强调“数量”,而基数词则强调“数量”。
九、助动词(do, does )的用法
只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例:
1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及“主谓一致”原则。
eg : I like English a lot.
Michael likes Chinese food very much.
2)当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为“三单”时,要使用does;当主语为“非三单”时,用助动词原形do。例如把下列句子变否定句:
Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.
They like sports.------They don't like sports.
3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句:
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.
Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.
十、名词所有格
1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;
2、用of表示“......的”,但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)
3、have与of的区别:
have一般表示“主动拥有”,往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能“主动拥有”,表示所属关系时要用of。例如:
I have a new bike. She has two big eyes.
a door of the house
十一、课本中的知识点
1、Unit 1 ——Unit 2
1)问候语:
Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.
How are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, thanks.
Hi! Hello!
How do you do?
2)道别用语:
Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面,see用于熟人间)
Nice to meet/ see you, too.
Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!
3)介绍人或者物的句型:This is...
4)Excuse me.与I'm sorry.的区别:
Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意,而I'm sorry.则是向对方道歉。
5)词组be from = come from
in English
5)当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来回答。 例如: What's this in English?----It's an eraser.
What are those?----They are books.
6)对Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.
7)look the same = have the same looks
give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.
be like = look like
in the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on,否则用in)
in red(穿着红色的衣服)
in the desk(在空间范围之内)
in English(用英语)
help sb. do sth.
8)both与all的区别:
both表示“两者都......”;all表示“三者及以上都......”。
2、Unit 3——Unit 4
1)speak的用法
speak与say不同:speak表示“说”的动作,不表示“说”的内容;say则表示“说”的内容。
speak后面除了能接“语言”外,不能直接接东西,后面加了to则表示“对......说”。
help sb. with sth.(帮助某人做/补习......)
want to do sth.(想要做某事)
would like to do sth.
not...at all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意)
like...a lot = like...very much
2)some和any的区别:
口诀:some用于肯定句,否定、疑问变any。例如:
I have some money.
I don't have any money.
Do you have any money?
3)have a seat = take a seat(请随便坐)
4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)
祈使句一般都省略了主语You,所以其否定句直接用Don't开头。例如:
Don't go there!
5)问职业:
What does sb. do?
What is sb.?
What's sb.'s job?
6)work与job的区别:
work是未必有报酬的“工作”,例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的“工作”。
7)on指在物体的表面,不论这个面是否水平的,例如:
on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground
8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)
look after(照料/照顾/照看)
help oneself(请自便/随便吃)
9)表示“建议”的句型:“做某事如何?”
What about (doing) sth.? (英式英语)
How about (doing) sth.? (美式英语)
Why don't you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?
10)“吃”一日三餐要用have:have breakfast/ lunch/ supper
have...for breakfast/ lunch/ supper
take one's order
be kind to sb.
11)try on这个词组可合可分:名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面,但代词只能放在词组的中间。
12)在口语中往往用take表示“买”。
13)how many与how much的区别:
how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词
14)What do you think of...? 是询问对方对某事物的看法;
How do you like...? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。
think about(考虑)
Thank you all the same. (即使对方没能帮上忙,也要礼貌道谢)
Thanks. = Thank you.(thank作为动词,不能单独使用。)
15)one与it的区别:
当上下文说的是同一种类事物时,任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it。例如:
Ann :I have a yellow bag.
Jane :I have a green one.
Tom : Hey, Mike. Where is your bike?
Mike : Look, it's over there.
16)倒装句
Here you are.
Here it is.
17)be free (有空/免费)
forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)
forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)
What's up? = What's wrong with...? = What's the matter with...?
18)go + v.-ing结构的含义:为了实现某目的才去的。例如:
go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等
19)have to do sth.(非主观因素,强调客观因素,“不得不去做某事”)
must 则表示主观愿望
20)fly a kite = fly kites
be free = have time
21)时间的表述
当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时,用“分钟”past“小时”。例如:
8:23——twenty-three past eight
当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时,用“剩余的时间”to“下一个整点”。例如:
8:49——eleven to nine
当然,还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间,例如:
8:23——eight twenty-three; 8:49——eight forty-nine
整点则在数词后加“-o'clock”,例如:8:00——eight o'clock
在钟点前介词要用at.
22)句型“该干某事了。”:It's time to do sth. = It's time for sth.
例如:该吃午饭了.
It's time to have lunch. = It's time for lunch