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八下期中英语知识考点

发布时间: 2022-09-23 19:25:15

㈠ 八年级下册英语语法汇总

初中英语作为一个重要的进阶 英语学习 阶段,英语知识积累是非常重要的,下面是我给大家带来的 八年级 下册英语语法知识点汇总,希望能够帮助到大家!

八年级下册英语语法汇总

一. 询问某人的健康问题及遭到麻烦的表达 方法

1. 询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达:

What’s the matter (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?

What’s wrong (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?

What’s the trouble with sb? 某人出什么事了?

What happened to sb? 某人发生了什么事?

Are you OK? 你没事吧?

Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有不舒服/麻烦吗?

2. 要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:

①某人+have/has+病症

The twins have colds.双胞胎感冒了。

②某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.

She had a stomachache last night. 她昨晚肚子痛。

③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位

He has a sore throat. 他喉咙痛。

④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词

He hurt his leg. 他的腿受伤了。

⑤某部位+hurt(s).

My head hurts badly. 我头痛得厉害。

⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位

I have a pain in my chest. 我胸口痛。

⑦(There is) something wrong with one’s+身体部位

There is something wrong with my right eye. 我的右眼有毛病。

⑧其他表达方式

She has a heart trouble. 她有心脏病。

He got hit on the head. 他头部受到了撞击。

She cut her finger. 她割破手指了。

二. 情态动词should的用法

1. should为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldn’t,其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。

You should drink more water. 你应该多喝水。

He should put his head back. 他应该把头后仰。

We should try our best to help him. 我们应当尽力去帮助他。 You shouldn‘t watch TV. 你不应该看电视。

2. should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。

Should I put some medicine on it? 我应当给它敷上药吗?

Should we tell her about it? 我们应该告诉她这件事吗?

3. 在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有:

①Would you like (to do) sth?你想要/愿意(做)某事吗?

Would you like to play basketball with me? 你想要和我一起打 篮球 吗?

②Shall I/we do sth? 我/我们做某事好吗?

Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow? 明天我们去动物园,好吗?

③Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢?

Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢?

④How/What about doing sth? 做某事怎么样?

How about going swimming? 去 游泳 怎么样?

⑤Let’s do sth. 让我们做......吧。

Let’s go home. 咱们回家吧。

⑥You’d better (not) do sth 你最好(不)要做某事。

You’d better not go there alone. 你最好不要一个人去那儿。

三. 反身代词

英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别和数上保持一致。

第一人称 第二人称 第三人称

单数 myself yourself himself/herself/itself

复数 ourselves yourselves themselves

反身代词的用法

1. 可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。

如:Maria bought herself a scarf.

We must look after ourselves very well.

2. 可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。

如: She isn’t quite herself today.

3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。

如:She herself will fly to London tomorrow.

I met the writer himself last week.

4. 用在某些固定 短语 当中。

如:look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己

teach oneself sth./learn sth. by oneself 自学

enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快

help oneself to sth 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……)

hurt oneself 弄伤自己

say to oneself 自言自语

leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下

【注意】 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。

如:我自己能完成作业。

(误)Myself can finish my homework.

(正)I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.

四. 一般将来时

一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态,或将来经常发生的动作或状态。

一般将来时的基本结构

1. will+动词原形

否定式:will not=won't

一般疑问式:will/shall+主语+动词原形+其他?

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?

—Will he help you with your English tonight?

今天晚上他会帮助你 学习英语 吗?

—Yes, he will./No, he won't.

是的,他会。/不,他不会。

—When will you arrive for America?

你什么时候去美国?

—Tomorrow.

明天。

2. am/is/are going to +动词原形

否定式:am/is/are not going to +动词原形

一般疑问式:am/is/are +主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他?

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?

Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.

看那乌云,快要下雨了。

Is he going to collect any data for us?

他会帮我们收集数据吗?

What are you going to do tomorrow?

明天你打算作什么?

3. will+动词原形与am/is/are going to +动词原形的用法区别

will+动词原形与am/is/are going to +动词原形的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况,一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的。

will主要用于在以下三个方面:

(1)表示主观意愿的将来。

They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.

明天他们将去厂参观工厂。

(2)表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来。

He will be thirty years old this time next year.

明年这个时候他就(将)三十岁。

(3)表示临时决定,通常用于对话中。

—Mary has been ill for a week.

玛丽病了一周了。

—Oh, I didn't know. I will go and see her.

噢,我不知道。我去看看她。

be going to主要用于以下两个方面:

(1)表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。

Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.

今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。

(2)表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测。

Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.

瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。

五. 动词不定式(to do)的用法

1. 作主语

为避免 句子 的头重脚轻,常用it作为形式主语,而真正的主语动词不定式后置。

常用句型:It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.

2. 作宾语

动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare常接动词不定式作宾语。

3. 作(后置)定语

常用于“have/has+sth.+to do”或“It‟s time to do sth.”等结构中。

4. 作宾语补足语

tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。

【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to:“一感(feel),二听(listen to, hear),三让(let, make, have,四看(look at, see, watch, notice),半帮助(help)”。

5. 动词不定式作状语

主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,结果或原因。为了强调目的,有时可以把动词不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加in order (to) 或so as (to) “为了,目的是”。

六. Could you please...?句型

1. 请求别人时通常用此句型,也可以说Can you...please?情态动词could或can在这里均表示请求,在意思上无区别,但是用could在于其显得更委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用could you/I...?若在句末加上please,则显得更礼貌。

Could you help me find my book, please?你能帮我找到我的书吗?

2. 对could you/I...?的问句作出肯定回答,常用“sure/certainly/of course”等;如果作否定回答,常用“sorry或oh, please don’t”。 一般不用no开头,用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌。

3. 表示请求的其他句式

Would you like to do...?

Would you mind doing...?

Let’s do....

Please do...(祈使句前加please)

七. 过去进行时

1. 基本概念:过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外, 一般用时间状语来表示。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。

We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.

昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

It was raining when they left the station.

他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。

2. 基本结构 was / were ( not ) + 动词-ing

3. 一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较

一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态, 而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。

David wrote a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。(信写完了。)

David was writing a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信不一定写完。)

八. 状语从句

1. unless引导条件状语从句

unless = if...not... 除非,若不

They will go tomorrow unless it rains.

= They will go tomorrow if it doesn’t rains.

2. as soon as引导时间状语从句,意为“一...就...”。

He will come and see you as soon as he can.

3. so...that...引导结果状语从句

句型1:主语+谓语+so+形容词/副词+that从句

The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 句型2: so +形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that从句

It was so hot a day that they all went swimming.

句型3. so + many/ few + 复数名词 + that从句

He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.

句型4: so +much/ little + 不可数名词 + that 从句

I had so little money that I couldn’t buy a pen.

九. 形容词/副词的比较等级

形容词和副词有三个比较等级,即原级(也就是原形)、比较级(表示“较……”或“更……”的意思,用于两者之间比较)和最高级(表示“最……”的意思,用于三者或三者以上的比较)。

1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的规则变化

(1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。

① 单音节单词

small→smaller→smallest

short→shorter→shortest

tall→taller→tallest

great→greater→greatest

② 少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词

clever→cleverer→cleverest

narrow→narrower→narrowest

(2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st。

large→larger→largest

nice→nicer→nicest

able→abler→ablest

(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。

big→bigger→biggest

hot→hotter→hottest

fat→fatter→fattest

(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。

easy→easier→easiest

heavy→heavier→heaviest

busy→busier→busiest

happy→happier→happiest

(5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。

beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful

different→more different→most different

easily→more easily→most easily

2. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化

good→better→best

well→better→best

bad→worse→worst

ill→worse→worst

old→older/elder→oldest/eldest

many/much→more→most

little→less→least

far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest

3. 原级常用句型

(1)A is as+原级+ as+ B 表示A与B一样...

eg. He is as tall as me.

(2)A is not as/so +原级+ as B 表示A不如B...

eg. He is not as tall as me.

(3)只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,too,so,enough,pretty等 。

eg. He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。

4. 比较级常用句型

(1)当句中有than时则用比较级。

eg. He is fatter than me.

(2)“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级,A or B? ”

eg. Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一个更大,地球还是月球?

(3)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越...”。

eg. The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。

English is more and more important. 英语越来越重要了。

(4)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越...,越...”。

eg. The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.

(5)可以修饰比较级的词:much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,even,still等。

eg. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. 第一课比第二课容易得多。

5. 最高级常用句型

1.“主语+be+the+形容词最高级(+单数名词)+in/of...”表示“……是……中最……的”。

Tom is the tallest in his class/of all the students.

汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。

2.“主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+in/of...”表示“……是……中最……的”。

I jump (the) farthest in my class.

我是我们班跳得最远的。

3.“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of...”表示“……是……中最……之一”。

Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.

北京是中国最大城市之一。

4.“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级,甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者或三者以上的比较。

Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?

哪个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大?

5.“特殊疑问词+助动词+主语(+the)+副词最高级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者或三者以上的比较。

Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summer or autumn?

你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天,夏天还是秋天?

注意:副词最高级用在句中时,其前可以加the,也可以不加;但形容词最高级用在句中时,其前一般都要加the。

十. 现在完成时

一. 现在完成时基本结构

①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词

②否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词

③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词

④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词)

二. 现在完成时用法

1. 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在,强调的是现在。

I have already posted the photo.

我已经邮寄出了照片。

与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语,如already(肯定句), yet(否定句/疑问句), just, before, recently,still, lately,never等。

2. 现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻,持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。此种用法常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。谓语动词必须是延续性动词。

He has lived here since 1978.

自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。)

有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词:

go out----be out

finish----be over

open----be open

die----be dead

buy---have

fall ill---be ill

come back----be back

catch a cold----have a cold

㈡ 八年级下册英语知识点总结

学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆,在我们进入新阶段的时候,要对自己过去的思想和行为进行反思,从中得到的体会总结出来,以求与同行共勉。下面是我带来的是八年级下册英语知识点总结,希望对您有帮助。

1. hear of 听说

hear from 收到…的消息/来信

2. take a ride 兜风 go for a ri de

3. end up 结束

4. argue with sb. 与某人争吵

5. roller coaster 过山车 on board

be themed with 以....为主题

an English-speaking country it’s fun to do sth reason for

P 72

6. a flight attendant 一个机组乘务员 the best way to ...

7. in fact 事实上 a tour guide all over the world 全世界

8. such as 用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子,可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,但其后边不能用逗号。如:

English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.

for example强调“举例”说明,而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语,且用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末。如:

There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution

9. think about 考虑

think of 想起;认为

10. rather than 宁可;而不是

would ratherthan句型时要注意“平行结构”,即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。

prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词,

而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。

11. neither…nor… 既不…也不…

P 74

12. three quarters of 四分之三 + 名词复数/单数 看of后面的名词而定

Three quarters of cake is eaten。

Three quarters of children are sleeping。

13 on the one hand,… on the other hand,…. 一方面…,另一方面…

14. be asleep 睡着(状态)

fall asleep 睡着(动作)

Wake up ring the daytime take a holiday all year round

Close to far from

拓展other,others,the other,the others,another,any other,any others

(1)other作形容词,通常用在单数或复数名词的前面,意为“别的;其他的.;另外的”。 I'll come again some other day. 我改日再来。

(2)others(=other+复数名词) 泛指“部分”含义,用于已知的一些人或物中,除去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。

The students of Class Four are cleaning the classroom. Some are carrying water,others are sweeping the floor. 四班的学生们在打扫教室。一些人在打水,另一些人在扫地。

(3)the other

the other表示已知的两个(或两部分)人或事物中,特指的“另一个”或“另一些”,其后可跟单数或复数名词。

I have two brothers. One is a doctor,and the other is a teacher.

我有两个兄弟。一位是医生,另一位是教师。

(4)the others(=the other+复数名词)指一定范围内除去一个或一部分后,“余下的人或物的全部”。

This composition is better than the others. 这篇作文比其他那些都好。

(5)another泛指不定数中(三者或三者以上)的“另一个”。another前面不能用定冠词the,它作为限定词(定语)通常与单数名词连用,但是它后面可以跟few或基数词的复数名词。 This glass is broken,get me another please. 这只玻璃杯坏了,请给我再拿一个。 I'll stay here in another few days. 我要在这儿再呆几天。

注意:other和another都可以用来修饰数词,表示“另外的;附加的”,但是结构不同。other的位置是“数词+other+复数名词”,相当于more的用法;而another则是“another+数词+复数名词”。

今天下午我又写了两封信。

I wrote another two letters this afternoon.

=I wrote two other letters this afternoon.

=I wrote two more letters this afternoon.

(6)any other 表示一个之外的其它任何一个,而不是两个之中的另一个。

(7)any others 表示一些之外的其他一些。

structures

1 Have you ever been to a water park? 你曾经去过水上公园吗?

No, I haven’t. 不,我没有。

Me neither. = Neither/Nor have I. 我也没有。

这是一个否定的省略句。它的结构是“ Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”。而用在肯定的省略句中时要使用so,它的结构是“So+ be动词/助动词/情态动词”。如: I paid 20 yuan for this book.

-- So did I.

2 It was because I could speak English that I got the job.

It’s + 强调成分+ that。。。

Grammar

1. 现在完成时

(1) 用法:动作到现在已经完成或刚刚完成;

过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的结果和影响;

过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

(2) 基本结构:have/has + V.过去分词

(3) 时间状语:already, yet, just, ever, never, once, twice, so far, ever since, for a long time, for + 一段时间, since + 过去的时间点/过去时的从句,等。

(4) 注意事项:

A. 现在完成时是现在的时态,重点表达目前的结果和状态;

B. 表示动作从过去开始持续到现在用for + 时间段, since +点时间连用。对for与since短语提问用how long。

C. 现在完成时从不与when引起的疑问句联用。

D. have been to:去过…

have gone to:去了…

have been in:呆在…

E. 短暂性动词变为延续性动词:

buy --- have had borrow --- have kept

join --- have been in / have been a member of

become --- have been a member make friends --- have been friends

die --- have been dead get to know --- have known

come/go to do --- have done catch a cold --- have had a cold

begin/start to do --- have done

begin / start --- have been on

enter / come / arrive / get to / reach --- have been in/at

go / leave for / set off / set out --- have been away

from

2. since,for在现在完成(进行)时中的用法差异

(1) since 后接过去的时间点或一般过去时的从句。

He has been an English teacher since three years ago.

We have known each other since we came to study in this university.

(2) for后接时间段

He has lived here for three years.

3. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990等。 而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生了关系,它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:

He has lived here since 1992. 1992年以来他一直住在这里。(他现在还住在这里) He lived here in 1992. 1992年他住在这里。(并不涉及他现在是否住在这里)

㈢ 2017八年级下册英语重点知识点总结

把英语的知识点做好整理,能让你在考试中有很大的提高。下面由我为你整理的2017八年级下册英语知识点,希望对大家有帮助!

2017八年级下册英语知识点总结1

一、语法

1. Why don’t you do ... ?

提建 2. Why not do ... ? Thanks!

议的 3. You should (shouldn’t) do ... . 回答 Good!

表达 4. It’s a good idea to do ... . Excellent!

方式 5. Try (not) to do ... .

6. How about/ What about doing ... ?

二、重点句子

1. You should speak English in class.

2. You should write down your mistakes in your notebooks.

3. Why don’t you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?

4. How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?

5. Try not to translate every word.

6. Everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other.

7. It’s a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.

2017八年级下册英语知识点总结2

现在完成时:

1. 过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成了一定的影响和后果;

2. 结构:由助动词have/has +动词的过去分词构成;

肯定句

现在完成时的肯定句式是“have(has)+过去分词”。

注意:该句式中的have或has是助动词,has用于第三人称单数,其它人称一律用have。

疑问句

现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。

回答:Yes, … have(has).

No, … haven’t(hasn’t).

否定句:

现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+过去分词”。

3. 现在完成时的时间状语:already, just, yet, since, ever, never;

4. 与一般过去时的区别:一般过去时是强调动作在过去发生,而现在完成时是强调过去发生的动作对 现在造成了影响和后果。

5.一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, just now, …ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 1980等。

例:

We planted (plant) some flowers in the garden last week.

I have sent (send) the letter.

He has come (come ) back home, he is watching (watch) TV now.

David finished (finish) his homework just now.

The monkeys are full, because we have fed (feed) them.

A: I have lost (lose) my purse!

B. Bad luck! When did you lose (lose) it?

A: I lost (lose) it last night.

与现在完成时连用的几个副词:already, just, ever, yet, never

肯定句: already, just

疑问句和否定句: ever, yet, never

yet 常置于句末

already, never, ever just一般置于助动词have/has之后,过去分词之前.

例:用 already, just或never, yet完成句子

1) I have been to many big cities, but I have never been to Shanghai.

2) Most of us have already finished our compositions.

3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, not yet .

4) He has already visited Beijing twice.

5) I have just heard the news. I know it.

7. 现在完成时中的for和since

(1)for + 一段时间(用How long提问)

We have known each other for ten years. 我们相识10年了。

(2)since + 句子/具体时间

since 引导的短语或从句用How long提问

①since+过去一个时间点(具体的年、月、日、钟点等)。

Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday.

②since + 一段时间+ago

We have been friends since five months ago. 从5个月前起,我们就成了朋友。

③since+从句,表示“自过去某个时间、某件事情以来”,从句时态:一般过去时。

I have lived here since I left Shanghai.

④It is+一段时间+since从句,表示“自从某件事发生已有一段时间了”。

It is two years since I left school.

8. 在含for或since引导的时间状语的现在完成时中,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。非延续性动词不能直接和for或since 连用。

leave --- be away die --- be dead

begin/start --- be on finish --- be over

come here --- be here go there --- be there

come back --- be back fall asleep --- be asleep

get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) leave --- be away from

go (get) out --- be out open sth --- keep sth open

join --- be in+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构

fall ill --- be ill get up --- be up

catch a cold --- have a cold borrow --- keep

buy --- have get to know --- know

put on---wear

例:

1. The old man died 4 years ago.

The old man has been dead for 4 years.

2. It is 4 years since the old man died.

Four years has passed since the old man died.

3. He joined the Party 2 years ago.

He has been in the Party for 2 years.

4. I bought the book 5 days ago.

I have had the book for 5 days.

2017八年级下册英语知识点总结3

反意疑问句:用于对某一事物或观点没有确切的把握,或者用于加强自己的观点。

陈述句+简短的一般疑问句 [助动词/be动词/情态动词+代词]

肯定或否定 与陈述句的主语一致

肯定 否定

否定 肯定

注意:

1. 反问部分的be动词,助动词或情态动词要与陈述句部分一致。

2. 陈述句与反问句在时态和人称上要一致。

3. 陈述句部分如果为否定句或含有否定意义的词(如:nothing,never, little, few等),反问句要用肯定式;陈述句部分如果式肯定句,反问部分要用否定式。

例:

He was not at home at that time, was he?

May listens to pops everyday, doesn’t she?

We know nothing about him, do we?

You haven’t heard of him, have you?

4. 当句子为祈使句时,反问句一般用will you,表示请求或建议对方作某事,询问对方是否愿意。

注:当祈使句为“Let’s ...”结构时,用shall we 反问。

Drive more slowly, will you?

Let’s walk out of the library quietly, shall we?

5. 回答:看陈述句的肯定部分,当事实为肯定时,用Yes;事实为否定时,用No。

当陈述句为否定句时,把否定部分忽略,只看肯定部分的意思。

Mole 6

过去进行时

1. 基本概念

表示在过去某一具体时间内的某一持续性行为,即过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。

常和表示过去时间的词组或从句连用。

2. 基本结构:be动词的过去式was/were+现在分词

即:was/were+doing

was用于第一人称及第三人称单数,were用于第二人称及复数。

3. 基本句型

肯定式:was/were + doing

I/She/He was working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.

2点到4点我/她/他一直都在农场里干活。

否定式:was/were + not+ doing

I/She/He wasn’t working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.

2点到4点我/她/他并不在农场里干活。

疑问式:把was/were放于句首。

—Were you/they working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock?

2点到4点你/你们/他们一直都在农场里干活吗?

—Yes, I was./Yes, we/they were.

是的,我/我们/他们在干活。

—No, I wasn’t./No, we/they weren’t.

不是,我/我们/他们并没有在干活。

时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

4. 基本用法

(1)表示过去某时间正在进行的动作或持续的行为,常和表过去的时间状语连用。

I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.

昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。

(2)可用来为另一个动作的发生提供背景。表示背景的句子通常用过去进行时,而另一个句子则用一般过去时。

He hurt his leg when he was riding a bike.

他在骑车时把腿摔坏了。

5. 现在进行时和过去进行时的区别

表示说话时正在进行的动作用现在进行时。

I am writing a letter now. (am/is/are+doing)

Look! They are waiting for you.

We are working ( work ) on a farm now.

Listen! Someone is knocking (knock) at the door.

Lucy isn’t reading ( not read) at the moment.

Where are they? They are running (run) outside.

表示过去某时正在进行的动作要用过去进行时。

My parents were watching TV at 8:30 yesterday evening.

I wasn’t doing my homework when he called me.

6. 一般过去时和过去进行时的区别

相同点:两者都表示过去发生的动作。

不同点:

过去时表示过去一个完成的动作。

过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作,可能没有完成。

e.g. He read a book last night.

昨天晚上他读了一本书。(读完了)

He was reading a story book last night.

昨天晚上他正在读故事书。(还没有读完)

㈣ 八年级重要英语知识点整理

打盹会做梦,学习会圆梦。学习外语并不难,学习外语就像交朋友一样,朋友是越交越熟的,天天见面,朋友之间就亲密无间了。下面是我给大家整理的一些 八年级 英语的知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。

英语八年级上册知识点 总结

句子 成分和类型

1.主语:句子所陈述的对象。

2.谓语:主语发出的动作。一般是有动作意义的动词。

3.宾语:分为动词宾语和介词宾语,属于动作的承受者。

4.系动词:表示状态或状态变化的动词,没有实际的动作意义。如 be, 感官系动词(look, sound, smell, taste 和 feel)、保持类系动词(keep, stay 和 remain)、状态变化类系动词(become、get、turn 和 go)等。

5.表语:紧跟系动词后面的成分。

6.定语:修饰名词或代词的成分。

7.状语: 修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。

8.补语:分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。是对宾语和主语的补充说明,与其有主动或被动的逻辑关系。

例如:You should keep the room clean and tidy.

你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。

(You是主语, should keep是谓语,the room是宾语,clean and tidy是宾语补足语。)

This kind of food tastes delicious.

这种食物吃起来很可口。

(This kind of food是主语, tastes是系动词, delicious是表语。)

注意:主语、谓语、宾语、系动词、表语、补语是一个句子的主干成分;定语和状语是一个句子的修饰性成分,不是主干成分。

9.简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。

10.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。

11.两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。

一般疑问句

一、不用疑问词,但需要用yes或no回答的疑问句,叫一般疑问句。句末用问号“?”。

一般疑问句的基本用法及结构一般疑问句用于对某一情况提出疑问,通常可用yes和no来回答,读时用升调。其基本结构是“be / have / 助动词+主语+谓语(表语)”:

Is he interested in going? 他有兴趣去吗?

Have you ever been to Japan? 你到过日本吗?

Does she often have colds? 她常常感冒吗?

Did you ask her which to buy? 你问没问她该买哪一个?

二、陈述句变一般疑问句的 方法

1.动词be的疑问式:动词be根据不同的时态和人称可以有am, is, are, was, were等不同形式,可用作连系动词(表示“是”、“在”等)和助动词(用于构成进行时态和被动语态等),但不管何种情况,构成疑问式时,一律将动词be的适当形式置于句首:句型:Be动词+主语~?

Is your father angry?你父亲生气了吗?

Yes,he is.是的,他生气了。

No,he isn't.不,他没生气。

Were the babies crying last night?(进行时)

昨天晚上这些孩子们一直在哭吗?

Yes,they were.是的,他们在哭。

No,they weren't.不,他们没哭。

Is English spoken all over the world?(被动语态)

全世界都说英语吗?

Yes,it is.是的。

No,it isn't.不。

2.动词have的疑问式:动词have根据不同的时态和人称可以有have, has, had等形式,可以用作实意动词和助动词,分以下情况讨论:

①用作实意动词表示状态,如表示拥有、患病或用于have to表示“必须”等,在构成构成式时可以直接将have, has, had置于句首,也可根据情况在句首使用do, does, did:

Does he have [Has he] anything to say? 他有什么话要说吗?

Do you have [Have you] to leave so soon? 你必须这么早走吗?

Did you have [Had you] any friends then? 他当时有朋友吗?

②用作实意动词表示动作,如表示“吃(=eat)”、“喝(=drink)”、“拿(=take)”、“收到(=receive)”、“度过(=spend)”等,构成疑问式时不能将have提前至句首,而应在句首使用do, does, did:

Does he have breakfast at home? 他在家吃早餐吗?

Did you have a good time at the party? 你在晚会上玩得高兴吗?

③完成时的一般疑问句

句型:Have(Has)+主语+动词的过去分词+~?

Have you known her since your childhood?

你从童年就认识她吗?

Yes,I have.是的。

No,I haven't.不。

过去完成时的一般疑问句

句型:Had +主语+动词的过去分词+~?

Had he learned about two thousand English

words before he came here?

他来这里以前就已经学了大约两千个单词了吗?

Yes,he had.是的。

No,he hadn't.不。

八年级上册英语期中知识点总结

1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事,例如:

It takes me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every morning.每天早晨我步行到学校要花费二十分钟。

It will take three hours to finish the work.完成那项工作需要花费三个小时。

2.depend v. 依靠,依赖depend(常与on, upon连用)视情况而定

It all depends on how you tackle the problem.那要看你如何应付这问题而定。

Children must depend on their parents.孩子们必须依赖他们的父母

3.How do you get to/reach/arrive at school? 你怎样到达学校?

I ride to school./ I get to school by bike.骑车

I take a bus to school. / I get to school by bus.做公共汽车

I take the subway to get to school./I get to school by subway.坐地铁

I walk./ I get to scool on foot 走着去

4 .on/in+修饰词(形容词性物主代词;名词所有格;冠同等)+交通工具,强调乘坐某种交通工具。For example:

Jack goes to school on his bike.杰克骑车去学校

Mr. Green goes to work in his car every day. 格林先生每天开车去上班

5. How does Lucy go to school?(单三)路西怎么去学校?

She rides her bike. 她骑车去

6. How long does it take?那要花多长时间?

It takes twenty minutes. 花20分钟

7 .How long does it take them to get to the bus station?到汽车站得多久?

It takes them about two hours to get to the bus station.用了他们两个小时

8. How far is it from his home to school? 从家到学校有多远?

It is five miles. 五英里

9. We waited at the bus stop. 我们在公共汽车站等(车)。

10.The old man lives on a small pension.老人靠一小笔退休金生活。

11. I've never heard of anyone doing that. 我从未听说有人做那种事。

12. A town is bigger than a village but smaller than a city. town通常指“城镇、集镇、小镇”,对应于country/countryside.有时指城市里的闹市区或商业中心。

13. until用于肯定句中,表示动作一直持续到until所表示的时间为止。

I will wait here until the concert is over.我将一直在这儿等到音乐会结束。

14. not…until用于否定句中,表示动作的转折。意思为“直到……才”

主句的谓语动词是表示瞬间(终止性的)动作的词。

She can't leave until Friday.在星期五之前她不能离开

八年级上册英语知识点归纳2021

Unit 1.How often do you exercise?

I. 重点 短语 归纳:

on weekends 在周末

1. go to the movies 去看电影

2. look after=take care of 照顾

3. surf the internet 上网

4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式

5. go skateboarding 去滑滑板

watch TV看电视

6. keep healthy=stay healthy = keep in good health 保持健康

keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态

do some reading 阅读

7. exercise= take/do (much) exercise=do sports锻炼

8. eating habits 饮食习惯

9. take more exercise 做更多的运动

10. the same as 与什么相同

11. once a month一月一次

12. be different from 不同

13. twice a week一周两次.three times a week一周三次

14. make a difference to 对什么有影响

As teachers, you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students.

身为教师,你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生。

A false step will make a great difference to my future.

错走一步对我的前程来说会产生很大影响。

15. how often 多久一次,询问动作发生的频率

how many times 多少次 ,用来提问做某事的次数


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★ 初中八年级英语语法知识点整理

㈤ 八下英语知识点有哪些

八下英语知识点如下:

1、do the right thing做正确的事情事情。

2、enough放在名词后,形副后。

3、“be going to动词原形”结构用来表示按照主观意图打算或按计划,安排将要做的事,有“打算、就要”的意思。也常用于表示从迹象上表明将要发生的事情,多指个人主观臆断的推测。

4、need to do sth需要去做某事。

5、在比较级中,要注意than后面人称代词的格。

㈥ 初二下册英语知识点归纳

读书能获得知识;但更有用的知识对世界的认识却只能通过研究各种各样的人才能获得,下面我给大家分享一些初二下册英语知识归纳,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!

初二下册英语知识归纳1

What’s the highest mountain in the world?

【重点单词】

square [skwe?(r)] n. 平方,正方形,广场

meter [?mi:t?] n. 米

deep [di:p] adj. 深的

desert [?dez?t] n. 沙漠

population [?p?pju?lei??n] n. 人口(数量),全体居民

Asia [?e???] n. 亚洲

feel free (可以)随便(做某事)

tour [tu?] n. 旅行,观光

wall [w?:l] n. 墙

amazing [??me?z??] adj. 令人惊异的

ancient [?e?n??nt] adj. 古代的,古老的

protect [pr??tekt] v. 保护

wide [wa?d] adj. 宽的,广阔的

as far as I know 就我所知

achieve [??t?i:v] v. 完成,实现

achievement [??t?i:vm?nt] n. 成就,成绩

southwestern [sa?θ'west?n] adj. 西南的,西南方向的

thick [θ?k] adj. 厚的,浓的

include [?n?klu:d] v. 包括,包含

freezing [?fri:z??] adj. 极冷的,冷冻的

condition [k?n?d??n] n. 条件,状况

take in 吸入,吞入

succeed [s?k?si:d] v. 成功,实现目标,完成

challenge [?t??l?nd???] n. & v. 挑战,考验

in the face of 面对(问题,困难)

force [f?:s] n. 力,力量

nature ['ne?t??(r)] n. 自然界,大自然

even though(=even if) 即使,虽然

ocean ['???n] n. 海洋

the Pacific Ocean 太平洋

cm(centimeter) [?sent??mi:t?] n. 厘米

weigh [wei] v. 称…重量

birth [b?:θ] n. 出生,诞生

at birth 出生时

up to 到达(某数量,程度),不多于

alt [ ??d?lt] n. 成年人

bamboo [b?m?bu:] n. 竹子

endangered [?n?de?nd??d] adj. 有危险的,濒临灭绝的,濒危的

research [r??s?:t?] n. & v. 研究,调查

keeper [?ki:p?(r)] n. 饲养 员,保管人

awake [??we?k] adj. 醒着

excitement [?k?sa?tm?nt] n. 激动,兴奋

walk into 走路时撞到

fall over 绊倒

illness [??ln?s] n. 疾病,生病

remaining [r??me?n??] adj. 遗留的,剩余的

or so 大约

artwork [?ɑ:tw?:k] n. 艺术品,插图,图片

wild [wa?ld] adj. 野性的,野生的

government [?g?v?nm?nt] n. 政府

whale [we?l] n. 鲸

protection [pr??tek?n] n. 保护,保卫

huge [hju:d?] adj. 巨大的,极多的

dynasty [?d?n?st?] n. 朝代,王朝

base [be?s] n. 基础,基地

【重点 短语 】

1. as big as 与……一样大

2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一

3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事

4. as far as I know 据我所知

5. man-made objects 人造物体

6. part of... ...... 的组成部分

7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉

8. in the world 在世界上

9. any other mountain 其它 任何一座山

10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中

11. run along 跨越……

12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气

13. take in air 呼吸空气

14. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人

15. in the face of difficulties 面临危险

16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

17. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想

18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量

19. reach the top 到达顶峰

20. even though 虽然;尽管

21. at birth 在出生的时候

22. be awake 醒着

23. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去

24. walk into sb. 撞到某人

25. fall over 摔倒

26. take care of 照顾;照料

27. every two years 每两年

28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木

29. endangered animals 濒危动物

30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少

31. be in danger 处于危险之中

32. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性

【重点句型】

1.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时,连呼吸都会困难。

2.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。

3.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们证明:我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。

4. How high is Qomolangma? 穆朗玛峰有多高?

5. Although Japan is older than Canada,it is much smaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史,但是日本比加拿大小多了。

6.Alt pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. 成年大熊猫一天要花1 2 个多小时的时间吃大约十千克竹子。

初二下册英语知识归纳2

Have you read Treasure Island yet?

【重点单词】

treasure [?tre??] n. 财宝,财富

island [?a?l?nd] n. 岛屿

full of 满是…的,(有)丰富的

classic [?kl?s?k] n. 经典着作,名着

page [pe?d?] n. (书或纸张的)页,面,张

hurry ['h?r?] v. 匆忙,赶快

hurry up 赶快,急忙(做某事)

e [dju:] adj. 预期的,到期的

ship [??p] n. 船

tool [tu:l] n. 工具

gun [ɡ?n] n. 炮,枪

mark [mɑ:k] n. & v. 分数,记号;作标记

sand [s?nd] n. 沙滩,沙

cannibal [?k?n?bl] n.& adj. 食人肉者;同类相残的,凶残的

towards [t??w?:dz] prep. 向着,朝着,对于,关于

land [l?nd] n. & v. 陆地,大地,国土;着陆

fiction [?f?k?n] n. 小说,虚构,编造

science fiction 科幻小说

technology [tek?n?l?d??] n. 科技,工艺

French [frent?] n.& adj. 法语,法国人(的)

pop [p?p] n. 流行音乐

rock [rɑk] n. 岩石,摇滚乐

band [b?nd] n. 乐队

country music 乡村音乐

forever [f?r?ev?(r)] adv. 永远

abroad [??br?:d] adv. 在国外,到国外

actually [??kt???li] adv. 真实地,实际上,说实在的

ever since 自从

fan [f?n] n. 乐趣

southern [?s???n] adj. 南方的

modern [?m?d?n] adj. 现代的,现代化的

success [s?k'ses] n. 成功

belong [bi?l??] v. 属于

one another 互相

laughter [?lɑ:ft?(r)] n. 笑,笑声

beauty [?bju:ti] n. 美丽,美好的事物

million [?milj?n] num. 百万

record ['rek?:d] n. & v. 记录,唱片;录制,录音

introce [??ntr??dju:s] v. 介绍,传入,引进

line [lain] n. 排,队,列

【重点短语】

1.on page 25 在第25页

2. the back of the book 书的背面

3. hurry up 赶快;匆忙

. in two weeks 在两周之内

5. go out to sea 出海

6. an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿

7. w rite about 写作关于……的内容

8. finish doing sth. 做完某事

9. w ait for another ship 等待另一艘船到来

10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事

11. grow fruits and vegetables 种水果和蔬菜

12. a few weeks ago 几个星期前

13. the marks of another man’ s feet 另一个人的脚印

14. not long after that 不久之后

15. run towards sp. 跑向某地

16. use...to do sth. 用……来做某事

17. signs left behind by someone 某人留下的标记

18. read the newspaper 看报

19. science fiction 科幻小说

20. can’ t w ait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事

21. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法

22. number of people 人数

23. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事

24. study abroad 在国外学习

25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

26. come to realize 开始意识到

27. ever since then 自从那时起

28. the southern states of America 美国的南部地区

29. belong to 属于

30. be kind to each other 善待彼此

31. trust one another 互相信任

32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美

33. have been to sp. 去过某地

34. do some research on sth. 对……做研究

35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事

36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事

37. the firs t line in the song歌曲的第一行

38. enjoy success in享受……的成功

39. at the end of the day傍晚的时候

【重点句型】

1.— Have you read little Women yet? 你读过《小妇人》吗?

— Yes,I have. /No,I haven't. 是的,我读过。/ 不,我没有。

2. — Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? 蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗?

— Yes, she has. She thinks i t 's fantastic. 是的,她读过。她觉得它很棒。

3. Would you like something to drink? 你要来点喝的吗?

4. I heard you lost your key. 我听说你丢钥匙了。

5.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them. 她开始意识到,事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。

初二下册英语知识归纳3

I’ve had this bike for three years.

【重点单词】

yard [jɑ:d] n. 院子

yard sale 庭院拍卖会

sweet [swi:t] adj. & n. 甜的,糖果

memory [?mem?r?] n. 记忆, 记忆力 ,回忆

cent [sent] n. 分,分币

toy [t?i] n. 玩具

bear [b??] n. 熊

maker [?me?k?(r)] n. 生产者,制造者

bread maker 面包机

scarf [skɑ:f] n. 围巾,披巾,头巾

soft [s?ft] adj. 柔软的

soft toy 软体玩具,布绒玩具

check [t?ek] n. & v. 餐馆账单;检查

check out 察看,观察

board [b?:d] n. 板子,甲板

board game 棋类游戏

junior [?d?u:n??(r)] adj. 地位低下的

junior high school 初中

clear [kl??] adj. 清晰的,清澈的

clear out 清理,清除掉

bedroom [?bedru:m] n. 卧室

no longer 不再,不复

own [?un] adj. 属于自己的

railway [?re?lwe?] n. 铁路,铁道

part [pɑ:t] n. 部分,零部件

part with 放弃,交出

certain [?s?:tn] adj. 某一,确定的,无疑的

as for 至于,关于

honest [??n?st] adj. 诚实的,正直的

to be honest 说实在的

while [wail] conj. & n. 当...时候,一段时间,一会儿

truthful [?tru:θfl] adj. 诚实的,真实的

hometown [?h??mta?n] n. 家乡,故乡

nowadays [?na??de?z] adv. 现今,现在,目前

search [s?:t?] v. 搜索,搜查

among [??m??] prep. 在…中间;在…之中

crayon ['kre??n] n. 彩色铅笔

shame [?e?m] n. 羞耻

regard [r?'ɡɑ:d] n. & v. 致敬,问候;将…视为

count [kaunt] n. & v. 计算,计数;有价值

century ['sent??r?] n. 世纪,百年

according [?'k?:d??] adv. 依照,按照

opposite [??p?zit] prep. & adj. 在…对面,与…相对;对面的

especially [??spe??li] adv. 特别,尤其

childhood [?t?a?ldh?d] n. 孩童时期

consider [k?n?sid?] v. 仔细考虑,思考,注视,

close to 几乎,接近

hold [h?uld] v. 拥有,抓住

【重点短语】

1. these days 目前,现在

2.regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着

3. in order to 为了

4.so far 迄今,到目前为止

5. in need 需要

6. not...any more 不再.....

7. welcome to sp 欢迎来到.....

8.check out 察看,观察

9. board games 棋类游戏

10. one last thing 最后一样东西

11. junior high school 初级中学

12.clear out 清理

13. no longer 不再

14.toy monkey 玩具猴

15. part with 与.....分开

16. to be honest 说实在的

17. ride a bike 骑自行车

18. have a yard sale 进行庭院拍卖会

19. one’s old things 某人的旧东西

20. bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆

21. give away 捐赠

22. play for a while 玩一会

23. do with 处理,处置

24. search for work 找工作

25.for the last 13 years 在过去的13年里

26. the mid-20th century 20世纪中期

27. stay the same 保持原状

28. according to 依照,按照

29. in one’s opinion 依......看

30. in my time 在我那个年代

【重点句型】

1. Have long have you had that bike over there? 那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了?

2. Amy has had her favorite book for three years . 艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3年了。

3. He has owned it since his fourth birthday. 自他四岁生日起,他拥有这个东西了。

4. Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year. 有些人依然住在家乡,然而,另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。

5. As for me ,I did not want to give up my football shirts,but to be honest, I have not played for a while now. 至于我,我不想放弃我的 足球 衣,但是,说实在的,我现在已经有一段时间没有踢球了。

6. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? 你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西?

7. What would you do with the memory you raise?

你会怎样处理你所筹集到得钱?

初二下册英语知识归纳4

Have you ever been to a museum?

【重点单词】

amusement [???mju:zm?nt] n. 娱乐,消遣,游戏

amusement park 游乐场

somewhere [?s?mwe?] adv. 某处,在某处

camera [?k?m?r?] n. 照相机

invention [?n?ven?n] n. 发明,创造

invent [in?vent] v. 发明,创造

unbelievable [??nb??li:v?bl] adj. 难以置信的,不真实的

progress [?pr??ɡres] n. 进步,进展

rapid [?r?p?d] adj. 迅速的,快速的

unusual [??n?ju:?u?l] adj. 特别的,不寻常的

toilet [?t??l?t] n. 坐便器,厕所

encourage [in?k?rid?] v. 鼓励,激励

social [?s?u??l] adj. 社会的

peaceful [?pi:sful] adj. 和平的,平静的

tea art 茶艺

performance [p??f?:m?ns] n. 表演,演出

perfect [?p?:f?kt] adj. 完美的,理想的,完全的

tea set 茶具

itself [it?self] pron. 它自己,它本身

collect [k??lekt] v. 收集

a couple of 一对,两个,几个

German [?d??:m?n] n. & adj. 德语,德国人(的)

theme [θi:m] n. 题目,主题, 作文

ride [ra?d] n. & v. 骑,乘;(短途)旅程

province ['pr?v?ns] n. 省,省份

thousand [?θa?znd] num. 一千

thousands of 数以千计的,许许多多的

safe [seif] adj. 安全的, 保险 的

simply [?simpli] adv. 仅仅,只,不过

fear [fi?] n. & v. 恐惧,害怕

whether [?we??(r)] conj.不管…还是,或者…或者,是否

Indian [??ndj?n] adj. 印度的,印度人的

Japanese [?d??p??ni:z] n. & adj. 日本人,日语;日本的

fox [f?ks] n. 狐狸

all year around 全年

equator [i?kweit?] n. 赤道

whenever [wen?ev?] conj. 无论何时

spring [spri?] n. 春天

mostly [?m?ustli] adv. 大多数地,主要地,通常

location [l???ke??n] n. 地点,位置

【重点短语】

1. at night 在晚上

2.in a more natural environment 在一个更加自然的环境中

3. all year round 一年到头,终年

4.be far from 离......远

5.in the dark 在黑暗中

6. in the past 在过去

7.have been to sp 去过某地

8.science museum科学博物馆

9.history museum 历史博物馆

10.amusement park 游乐园

11.go somewhere different 去不同的地方

12.go skating 去滑冰

13.take the subway 坐地铁

14.a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon 一个过周六下午的好办法

15.all the old movie camera 所有的古老的电影摄影机

16. learn about sth 了解有关.....的情况

17. on the weekend 在周末

18.camp in the mountains 在大山里露营

19.put up a tent 搭帐篷

20.in such a rapid way 以如此速猛的方式

21.different kinas of 各种各样的

22.development of toilets 厕所的发展

23.social groups 社会团体

24.the tea art performances 茶艺表演

25. make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets.用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶

26. a nice place to enjoy tea 一个品茶的好地方

27.Thousands of 数以千计的

28.international Museum of Toilets 国际厕所博物馆

29.the Terracotta Army 兵马俑

30.southeast Asia 东南亚

31.night Safari 夜间动物园

32.three quarters 四分之三

33. an English-speaking country 一个讲英语的国家

34.have a problem doing sth 做某事很困难

35.ring the daytime 在白天

36. a couple of times 好几次

37.right now 现在,目前

38. an amusement park with a special theme 一个有特别的主题的游乐园

39. Walk around the park 在公园里到处走

40. hear of 听说

41. take a ride 兜风

42. another province 另一个省

43. the Bird’s Nest 鸟巢

44. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事

45. on the one hand....on the other hand 一方面,另一方面

【重点句型】

1. Have you ever been to a science museum? 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗?

2.Let's go somewhere different today. 让我们今天去不同的地方吧。

3. It's unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way. 科技以如此速猛的方式发展真是令人难以置信啊!

4. Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you,ll find it all in Singapore! 不管你喜欢印度食品,西方食品还是日本食品,在新加坡你都能找到!

5.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. 新加坡一个很大的特征是它的气温几乎一年到头都是一样的。

6. It is best to visit Singapore. 最好游览新加坡。

初二下册英语知识归纳5

An old man tried to move the mountains.

【重点单词】

shoot [?u:t] v. 投篮, 射击 ,发射

stone [?st??n] n. 石头

weak [wi:k] adj. 虚弱的,柔弱的

god [ɡ?d] n. 上帝,神

remind [r??ma?nd] v. 提醒,使想起

bit [b?t] n. 一点,小块

a little bit 有点儿,稍微

silly [?s?l?] adj. & n. 愚昧的;傻子,蠢货

instead of 代替,反而

turn into 变成

object [??bd??kt] n. 物体,目标,物品

hide [ha?d] v. 躲藏,隐藏

tail [teil] n. 尾巴

magic [?m?d??k] n. 魔法,巫术

stick [st?k] n. & v. 棍,棒;刺,戳,插

excite [?k'sa?t] v. 使激动,使兴奋

western ['west?n] adj. 西方的,欧美的

once upon 从前

stepsister [?steps?st?(r)] n. 继姐(妹)

prince [pr?ns] n. 王子

fall in love 爱上,喜欢上

fit [f?t] v. 适合,合身

couple ['k?pl] n. (尤指)夫妻,两人

smile [sma?l] n.& v. 微笑

marry [?m?ri] v. 与某人结婚

get married 结婚

gold [ɡ??ld] n. 黄金,金币

emperor [?emp?r?] n. 皇帝

silk [s?lk] n. 丝绸

underwear [??nd?w??] n. 内衣

nobody [?n??b?di] pron. 无人,没有任何人,谁也不

stupid ['stju:p?d] adj. & n. 愚蠢的,傻的;傻子

cheat [t?i:t] v. 欺骗,愚弄

stepmother [?stepm???(r)] n. 继母

wife [wa?f] n. 妻子

husband [?h?zb?nd] n. 丈夫

whole [h?ul] adj. 全部的,整体的

scene [si:n] n. 舞台,(戏剧)场景

moonlight ['mu:nla?t] n. 月光

shine [?a?n] v. 照耀,发光

bright [bra?t] adj. & adv. 明亮的,发亮的;明亮地

ground [gra?nd] n. 地面

lead [li:d] n. & v. 领导,主角;带路

voice [v?is] n. 嗓音

brave [breiv] adj. 勇敢的

【重点短语】

1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事

2. as soon as ... 一……就…....

3. once upon a time 从前

4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事

5. make sth. happen 使某事发生

6.try to do sth. 努力做某事

7. the journey to sp. ......之旅

8. tell the/a story 讲 故事

9. put on 穿

10. a little bit 有点儿

11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事

12. give up 放弃

13. instead of 代替;反而

14. turn...into... 使......变成......

15. get married 结婚

16. the main character 主要人物;主人公

17. at other times 在另外一些时候

18. be able to 能;会

19. come out (书、电影等)出版

20. become interested in... 对……感兴趣

21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去

22. a fairy tale 一个 神话故事

23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分

24. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事

25. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事

26. go to sleep 去睡觉

27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地

28. get lost 迷路

29. change one’s plan 改变计划

30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事

31. in the moonlight 在月光下

32. find one’ s way home 找到某人回家的路

33. the next day 第二天

34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地

35. so...that... 如此.......以致于.......

【重点句型】

1.So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong? 你觉得愚公的故事怎么样?

2. It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain. 把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。

3.This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. 这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小,做出72种变化,可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。

4.Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear. 有时候,他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小,以至于可以放在耳朵里。

5.Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 这些(山)太高了,他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。

6.Don't eat it until you get to the forest. 你们到达森林之后才能吃。


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★ 八年级英语下册知识点笔记

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★ 初二英语下册的知识点

★ 初二下学期英语知识点总结

㈦ 初二英语知识点总结梳理

学习外语并不难,学习外语就像交朋友一样,朋友是越交越熟的,天天见面,朋友之间就亲密无间了。重复重复再重复,熟练熟练再熟练,是学会英语的不二法门。下面是我给大家整理的一些初二英语的知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。

初二期末英语语法知识点 总结 归纳

1.由that引导,由于that没有任何意义,也不充当任何 句子 成分。因此that在非正式文体中可以省略。这类宾语从句通常表达一种陈述意义。

e.g.He told me (that) he would go to Wuhan.

Tom says (that) he must study hard.

She told me (that) she was a student.

(1)如果由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时,第二个that则不能省略。

e.g.She said she liked English very much and that she didn’t like math at all.

(2)常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词有:believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。

2.由连接代词或连接副词who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why引导,含有“谁、什么、哪个、什么时候、什么地方、怎样、为什么”等特殊疑问意义。

e.g.Do you know who they’re talking about?

Can you tell me what they’re looking for?

I don’t know where she has gone.

I wonder how she can find us.

She didn’t tell me where her hometown was.

3.由从属连词whether和if引导,含有“是否,能否,对否,有否”等一般疑问意义。

e.g.She asked me if I could help her.

Jim wanted to know whether I had taken his English book.

Please tell me whether you can come or not.

在这类宾语从句中要注意两点:

(1)if引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别

if引导宾语从句时意为“是否”,从句中该用什么时态就应用什么时态。

if引导条件状语从句时意为“假如”,从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

e.g.She wanted to know if you were a teacher.

I don’t know if the letter is yours.

They’ll go boating if it is fine tomorrow.

I’ll give it to her if she comes next week.

(2)if引导宾语从句时多数情况下可以与whether互换,但如果要突出“究竟是……还是不……”这层意思时,通常用whether,并在后面的加上“or not”,即一般要选择whether构成whether…or not的结构。

e.g.Please find out whether the money is his or not.

Let me know whether you can come or not.

I want to know whether you can help me or not.

八年级 英语知识点

v+ to do/ doing

1. try to do sth 尽量做某事, 努力做某事 he tries to finish his homework

Try not to do sth 尽量不做某事 he tries not to hurt his friends’ feelings。

Try doing sth 尝试做某事。 He tried washing his hair with a new shampoo。

2. mean to do sth 有意做某事 I didn’t mean to hurt you 我不是有意伤害你的。

Mean doing sth 意味着、being good to her doesn’t mean loving her 对她好并不意

味着爱她。

3. start doing sth. 开始做某事= start to do sth (begin)

He usually starts cooking at 6 in the evening when his mother is not at home.当他妈妈不在家

时,他通常在晚上6点钟就开始做饭。

4. 停止做某事 the teacher is coming,lets stop talking. 停下来做某事 if you are tired, you can stop to rest.

八年级上册英语期中知识点总结

1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事,例如:

It takes me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every morning.每天早晨我步行到学校要花费二十分钟。

It will take three hours to finish the work.完成那项工作需要花费三个小时。

2.depend v. 依靠,依赖depend(常与on, upon连用)视情况而定

It all depends on how you tackle the problem.那要看你如何应付这问题而定。

Children must depend on their parents.孩子们必须依赖他们的父母

3.How do you get to/reach/arrive at school? 你怎样到达学校?

I ride to school./ I get to school by bike.骑车

I take a bus to school. / I get to school by bus.做公共汽车

I take the subway to get to school./I get to school by subway.坐地铁

I walk./ I get to scool on foot 走着去

4 .on/in+修饰词(形容词性物主代词;名词所有格;冠同等)+交通工具,强调乘坐某种交通工具。For example:

Jack goes to school on his bike.杰克骑车去学校

Mr. Green goes to work in his car every day. 格林先生每天开车去上班

5. How does Lucy go to school?(单三)路西怎么去学校?

She rides her bike. 她骑车去

6. How long does it take?那要花多长时间?

It takes twenty minutes. 花20分钟

7 .How long does it take them to get to the bus station?到汽车站得多久?

It takes them about two hours to get to the bus station.用了他们两个小时

8. How far is it from his home to school? 从家到学校有多远?

It is five miles. 五英里

9. We waited at the bus stop. 我们在公共汽车站等(车)。

10.The old man lives on a small pension.老人靠一小笔退休金生活。

11. I've never heard of anyone doing that. 我从未听说有人做那种事。

12. A town is bigger than a village but smaller than a city. town通常指“城镇、集镇、小镇”,对应于country/countryside.有时指城市里的闹市区或商业中心。

13. until用于肯定句中,表示动作一直持续到until所表示的时间为止。

I will wait here until the concert is over.我将一直在这儿等到音乐会结束。

14. not…until用于否定句中,表示动作的转折。意思为“直到……才”

主句的谓语动词是表示瞬间(终止性的)动作的词。

She can't leave until Friday.在星期五之前她不能离开


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㈧ 八年级英语下册单元各单元知识点

一、基础知识

1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?

【解析】matter/ ' m?t?(r)) /n.问题;事情

What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?

【注】: matter 和trouble 为名词, 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词,wrong 是adj. 不能加the

【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时, 与介词with连用。即:

What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?

— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.

2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒

have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼

3. 身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词

stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛

4. much too+ 形容词,意为 太...... ,too much+名词,意为 很多,大量 。

5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地,enough放在名前后,形副后。good enough足够好,enough money=much money

6. lie down躺下, lie 躺,躺着,过去式lay;lie说谎,过去式lied

7. maybe “或许”,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。Maybe you are right.

may be,是情态动词+be的结构,意为“可能,也许”,后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.

sound like+名词代词和从句:It sounds like you don’t know the truth.

It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词,“听起来,好像”,The music sounds nice.

9. need 需要,实义动词need+名词,需要某物;

need to do sth.需要做某事,主语通常是人,表示人主动的动作:You need to listen carefully ring class.

need doing sth.主语通常是物,表示被动的动作:Your dirty clothes need washing.

10. get off (the bus) 下(公交车) get on 上车

11. agree 同意,赞同;

agree with sth. 同意某事 如:I agree with that idea.

agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如:I agree to LiLei.

12. trouble问题,麻烦 ;be in trouble遇到麻烦,make trouble 制造麻烦 ,have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻烦。

13. right away=right now=at once,意为 马上 。

14. advice [不可数名词]劝告,建议,向…征求意见, give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议; advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

advise sb. doing sth.

【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼

当exercise意为“练习”时,为可数名词 即可加s

当exercise意为“锻炼”时,为不可数名词 即不加s

16. hurt 及物动词,使……疼痛,……受伤,He hurt his leg while exercising.

不及物动词,……(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly.

clean 【动词】打扫,clean the classroom打扫教室,【形容词】 干净的 ,cleaner意为 清洁工 。

18. hit (用手或器具)打;击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.

hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背,on用在所打较硬的部位;

hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子,in用在所打较软的部位。

be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事,强调状态;His grandpa was used to country life.

Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.

get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯,逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作:

It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.

20. 【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time;免费的'the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird.

free【动词】使……解脱,得到自由:He could not free his arm.

run out用完,用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.

物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。

人sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.

22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险

23. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性

We students should know the importance of (learning) English.

importance n. 重要(性), important adj.重要的,unimportant adj.不重要的

decision 【名词】决定;抉择; make a decision 做决定 ;

make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。

25. be in the control of …掌管,管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.

be out of control无法控制,无法管理 be under control被控制住,在控制之中

26. 【复习】mind意为 介意 ,mind doing sth. 介意做某事 ,

Would you mind my opening the window?

27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事,give up (playing) computer games;

give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式,也可不接,如: Never give up easily.

二、重点语法

【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。

数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称

单数 myself yourself himself herself itself

复数 ourselves yourselves themselves

【用法】

1. 可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。

如:Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.

2. 可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如: She isn’t quite herself today.

3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。

如:She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.

4. 用在某些固定短语当中。

look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学

enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快

help oneself to sth 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……).

hurt oneself摔伤自己

say to oneself自言自语

leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下

buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西

introce oneself 介绍……自己

【提醒】

1. 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。 如:我自己能完成作业。

(误)Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.

2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”,因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时,须要用one’s own.

如:我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.

㈨ 八下英语八单元知识点

八下英语八单元有哪些重点短语,重点句型和语法难点呢?接下来我为你整理了八下英语八单元知识点,一起来看看吧。

八下英语八单元知识点一、重点短语

1. on page 25 在第2 5 页

2. the back of the book 书的背面

3. hurry up 赶快;匆忙

4. in two weeks 在两周之内

5. go out to sea 出海

6. an island full of treasures一个满是宝藏的岛屿

7. write about 写作关于„„的内容

8. finish doing sth. 做完某事

9. wait for another ship 等待另一艘船到来

10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事

11. grow fruits and vegetables 种水果和蔬菜

12. a few weeks ago 几个星期前

13. the m arks of another man’s feet另一个人的脚印

14. not long after that 不久之后

15. run towards sp. 跑向某地

16. use... to do sth. 用„„来做某事

17. signs left behind by someone 某人留下的标记

18. read the newspaper 看报

19. science fiction 科幻小说

20. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事

21. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法

22. number of people 人数

23. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事

24. study abroad 在国外学习

25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

26. come to realize 开始意识到

27. ever since then 自从那时起

28. the southern states of America美国的南部地区

29. belong to 属于

30. be kind to each other 善待彼此

31. trust one another 互相信任

32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美

33. have been to sp. 去过某地

34. do some research on sth. 对„„做研究

35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事

36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事

37. the firs t line in the song歌曲的第一行

38. enjoy success in享受„„的成功

39. at the end of the day傍晚的时候

八下英语八单元知识点二、重点句型

1. Have you. • . yet?

— Have you read little Women yet? 你读过《小妇人》吗? — Yes,I have. /N o , I haven’ t. 是的,我读过。/ 不,我没有。

2. Has... yet?

— Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? 蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗? — Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic.是的,她读过。她觉得它很棒。

3. Would you like...?

Would you like something to drink? 你要来点喝的吗?

4. I heard...

I heard you lost your key. 我听说你丢钥匙了。

5 . . . . came to realize how much...

She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them. 她开始意识到,事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。

八下英语八单元知识点三.语法难点

现在完成时:

1.概念: 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语: recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, already ,yet ,never ,ever, just, before, so far ,once, twice etc.

3.基本结构: have/has + done

4.否定形式: have/has + not +done.

5.一般疑问句: 把have或has放于句首。

6.反义疑问句: 直接用has /have 进行反问

7.与时间段连用时,短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。

㈩ 八年级英语下册知识点

unit 2 What should I do?

知识点:

1..loud是形容词,loud-louder-loudest意思是“响亮的”;作副词时,常与talk, sing, laugh 等词连用,如speak loud; loudly “大声地”带有喧闹的意味,常用来修饰shout, cry, call, knock等动词,通常没有比较级和最高级,作状语;aloud 副词,出声地,大声地,仅指发出声音(以使能被听得见)。

2.Enough为形容词,意思是“足够的”;enough +n.修饰名词enough money; adj/adv+enough修饰形容词或副词;enough to do 足够做某事

3.present, gift礼物:gift带有一定的感情色彩,通常指昂贵的“礼物”,强调送礼人的诚意,有时有“捐赠”之意,多用于正式场合;present指为表达情谊,敬意或出于礼节,在某特定时刻或场合赠送的“礼物”,此礼物价值不一定高。make sb a present of把…作为礼物送给

4.borrow, lend: borrow“借入,借给”即说话人向他人借东西borrow sth from sb.; lend-lent-lent“借出,借给”即说话人把自己的东西借给他人lend sb sth= lend sth to sb

5 except,besides除…之外: except除了…都,besides强调“除了…之外还有…”在no one, nobody, nothing等词后加介词but也表示“除了”。

6.find out, find, look for: find out“找出,发现,查明”多指通过调查,询问,打听,研究之后搞清楚,弄明白或指找出较难找到的,无形的抽象的东西;find“找到,发现”通常指找到或发现有形的.东西也可指偶然发现某物的某种情况,强调找的结果;look for“寻找”强调动作。

7.talk about谈到,谈论;talk of谈到,说到;have a talk with与..谈谈,做报告;talk to sb对…谈话;talk with sb与…交谈;talk to sb和talk with sb 均表示“和某人谈话”,“讲话”。talk to sb比较常用,侧重一方谈,一方听;talk with sb侧重双方交谈;talk about sb则表示“谈论某人”

8.miss 和lose:miss意思为“发现丢失”“觉得不在”;lose意思为“丢失”“失去”。在本质上,miss是一种主观感觉,而lose是一种客观结果。

9.be used to doing习惯于做某事;used to do过去常常,暗含与现在明显的不同,只用于过去时;be used to do是use的被动语态,意思是….被用来做某事。

10.own 与 have: own强调的是拥有,占有某物为自己的财产,但所占有的东西目前不一定是由人使用,强调所有权;have为普通动词,表示的所有关系。own +n. egWho owns the dog? ;own +宾语+宾补 eg. He owns himself wrong.;own+从句eg. He owns that he is wrong. ;of one’s own完全属于某人自己的;on one’s own独立地,自愿地;with one’s own ears亲耳

11. attend, join, take part in: attend“出席,参加,上学”attend school 上学,attend meeting出席会议;take part in 参加,是指参与某项活动 take an active part in积极参加;join 参加,当join用于加入某个团体或组织,成为其中的一员,后面直接跟名词,当join表示参加某项活动时后面跟介词in .

unit 3 What were you doing whenthe UFO arrived?

知识点:

1. 过去进行时

a) 过去进行时由“was/were+动词ing形式”构成。以动词work为列,其肯定式,否定式,疑问式以及简略答语见下表:

肯定式:I/He/She/It was working. We/You/ They were working.

否定式:I/He/She/It was not working. We/You/They were not working.

疑问式和简略答语:Was I working? Yes, you were.

Was he working? No, he wasn’t.

【注意】was not常简略为wasn’t; were not常简略为weren’t

b) 过去进行时的用法:过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间,除有上,下文暗示以外,一般用时间状语来表示

2. not …until直到…才。表示动作在某时之前尚未开始,直到此时动作才开始。not…until可以用after或when来代替,但主句谓语动词要用肯定形式。Until为连词时后接时间状语从句,until作介词时,后面接表示时间的名词。Until 用于肯定句多表示动作或状态一直延续到until所表示的时间为止,意思为“直到…” from..till…中till往往表示不太具体的时间。From …to…或from…until常用来表示具体的时间。

3. find it…to do,it在此句中为形式宾语代表动词不定式,动词不定式为真正的宾语,常用于这种用法的动词有find, feel, think, make等。

4. “疑问词+不定式“结构相当于一个名词性从句,常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写时,只需在疑问词后面加一个适当的主语(这个主语一般与主句的主语一致),并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语即可。如,Where to go is still a question.= Where we should go is still a question.

5. when 与while:when连接的状语从句是个特殊句型,“前一个分句(谓语动词用过去进行时)+when(作并列连词,意思为“这时,突然”)+后一个分句(谓语动词用一般过去时)”表示在前一个动作正在进行的过程中突然发生了后一个动作, when强调动作的突然性,when后面的动词为非延续性动词;while表示“在….过程中”,强调在一段时间内,所以while引导的从句中的谓语动词必须为延续性动词。在状语从句中,若从句放在句首时,应用逗号与主句隔开。

6. 感叹句的构成:What +a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!What a good book it is!

What+形容词+复数可数名词+主语+谓语!What easy questions they are!

What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!What cold weather it is!

How+形容词+主语+be动词!How nice the watch is!

How +副词+主语+谓语!How hard they are working!

8.take place, happen“发生”:take place指“发生事先计划或预想到的事物”;happen指“一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生”。两者都是不及物动词或短语,后面不能跟宾语,也不能用于被动语态;happen的意义很广泛,而take place 仅用于历史上的事件,集会等,是先行布置而后发生或举行的事件,它不用于地震等自然界的现象。

happen to do 巧遇 sth happens to sb某人遭遇某事

9.不定代词all, both, each,every与not连用时,只表示部分否定,在否定句中用and连接两个宾语,表语,定语,状语时,只表示部分否定,并且否定 and后面的部分;如用or连接句中两个部分,则表示全部否定。如,She isn’t a bright and beautiful girl.她并不是一个既聪明又漂亮的女孩。(部分否定) She isn’t a bright or beautiful girl.她是一个既不聪明又不漂亮的女孩。(全部否定)。