① 英语语法知识讲解之解析祈使句
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。
表叮嘱
■典型例句
Fasten your seat belt. 系好安全带。
Be sure to get here before nine. 千万要在九点以前到。
Stay in bed for a couple of days. 卧床休息几天。
Take care of yourselves. 你们要注意身体啊!
Look over what you’ve written before handing it to the examiner. 先把你写的看一遍，再交给考官。
Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you might be knocked down. 过马路要非常小心，要看两边，不然会被车撞倒。
表建议
■典型例句
Get your hair cut! 你去理发吧!
Get your eyes tested! 你去检查一下你的眼睛吧!
Ask Jake, not his wife. 去问杰克，不要问他妻子。
Come early, but not before six. 早点来，但别在6点以前。
Go off for the weekend, why don’t you? 去度周末，好吗?
Have a bath and a rest and you’ll feel better. 洗个澡，休息一下，你就会觉得好些。
Cancel the match if it rains. If it rains, cancel the match. 如果下雨，就取消比赛吧。
Take a taxi, otherwise you’ll miss your train. 你如不叫出租汽车，你就会误掉火车的。
You try teaching 40 noisy children five days a week! 你来试试每周5天教40个吵闹的孩子!
注：以let’s开头的祈使句通常表示建议。如：
Let’s go to the cinema tonight. 今晚咱们去看电影。
Let’s get down to work. 咱们干起来吧
表命令
■典型例句
Hands off! 不要摸!
Go there right away. 马上去那儿。
Nobody move. 任何人都不许动。
Stand over there. 站到那边去。
Drop that gun, or I’ll shoot you. 放下枪，不然我就打死你。
表请求
■典型例句
Give me a hand, will you? 帮我一个忙，好吗?
Please help me for a few minutes. 请帮我几分钟。
Please remember me to Mr. Smith. 请帮我向史密斯先生致意。
Do forgive me I didn’t mean to be rude. 务请原谅，我无心对你粗鲁无礼。
Be an angel and fetch me my slippers please. 请行行好，把我的拖鞋拿来。
Please don’t telephone before 8 a. m. 早8点以前请不要打电话。
Hand me the hammer, will you? 把锤子递给我好吗?
Do be quiet, for God’s sake! 看在上帝的份上，安静一会儿吧!
Give me some bread as well, please. 请你也给我一点儿面包吧。
Bring the fruit up to the dining room, will you? 把水果送到楼上餐厅里来好吗?
I’ll try on a few of these shirts. Please pass me that white one. 我要试穿几件衬衣，请把那件白色的递给我
初三英语上册知识点：Let引导的祈使句
由"let"带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是个常见的动词句型，它的主要用法有下列三种：
1.表示“建议”。
这个句型里的"let"后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语，如：
(1) Let me try.
(2) Let's do it.
(3) Let me go and look for it.
这个句型语气委婉，比直接的祈使句客气。试比较(4)a和(4)b:
(4) a. Don't disturb him.
b. Let's not disturb him.
(a)是直接命令，语气强烈，不如(b)温柔悦耳。
2.表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。
这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词，如：
(5) Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.
(6) Let her join our choir.
3.表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。
这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外，有时还语带讽刺，如：
(7) Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.
(8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.
用"let"的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：
一、"let" 的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用"Don't let……"(见例(9));如果宾语是第一人称，则用"Let……not" (见例(10))：
(9) Don't let this type of things happen again.
(10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.
二、"Let"只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态 (the passive voice),如：
(11) Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.
(12) Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
三、"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词 (The infinitive without"to")之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out, in, down, alone等：
(13) Let the puppy out.
(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
(15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.
(16) Let me alone, please.
四、用"Let's"时，把谈话者的.对象包括在内;用"Let us"时，并不包括对方，如：
(17) Let's try it, shall we?
(18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
从(17)里的"shall we"和(18)里的"will you"，不难知道前者包括听话人，后者并没有。
英语语法大全：祈使句
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了小学英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、邀请等，谓语动词一律用原型，句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹好或者句号，用降调。
肯定句：动词原型
Come here, please.
Go downstairs, please.
Stand up.
Sit down.
Be quiet.
Be careful.
祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或者句尾：
Come in, Amy.
Sit down here, Tom.
Mary, give me a book please.
否定：Don't+动词原型
Don't come here.
Don't sit down.
Don't stand up.
Don't give me it.
let sb. do 让某人做
Let me pass.
Let us have a rest.
Let's have a rest.
反意疑问：
Let's have a walk along the river, shall we?
Let us go out for a drink, will you?
初中英语句型分类知识点详解：祈使句
一般祈使句
句型[(呼语)，(Don't)动词原形+(宾语)+其他]
1. Study, study and once more study. 2. Working men of all countries, unite!
3. Learn from comrade Lei Feng. 4. Don't forget it. 5. Come here.
6. Stop crying and wipe away your tears.
句型[(Don't)Be+表语+(其他)]
1. Be red and expert. 2. Be brave, don't be afraid. 3. Don't be shy!
4. Be careful, when cross the street. 5. Be an honest person, speak and act honestly.
3. Don't be afraid, speak out.
句型[Get+过去分词/副词虚助词+(其他)]
1. Get organized! 2. Get done with it. 3. Get away! 4. Get along with you.
5. Get out of here. 6. Get back.
[附注] 祈使句一般不用主语，如系多数人而须指示任务时可以有主语，这个主语相当于呼语。如：
1. You talk; we have heard enough from the others.
2. Everybody shut their eyes.
3. You sweep the floor, Xiao Wang; you clean the desks, Xiao Li, and others fetch water.
其次，大人对孩子说话，或含有急躁、厌烦等情绪， 也可加主语you
1. Now you listen to me. 2. You must not talk so loud!
3. Now you get a bit of paper and write down. 4. Your mind your own business!
第三，当句中的副词虚助词在句首时，须用主语，如：In you go! (=Go in, please.)
强语势祈使句
句型62[(肯定句)Do +动词原形+(其他)]/[(否定句) Never+动词原形+(其他)]
1. Do tell me! 2. Do be careful! 3. Do come! 4. Do stay with us! 5. Never tell a lie.
6. Never stand right in the middle of your work.
7. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
句型[No/None of+名词!]
1. No falsehood! Our strength lies in stating the truth.
2. The King said: "he has studied too much, No books and no teachers any more!...
3. None of your little games! 4. None of your nonsense! 5. None of your impudence
[注1] no是泛指，none所指有一定的范围
[注2] 旧时有用for God's sake或for goodness' sake等来加强语气的。For God's sake don't fire that gun!
委婉祈使句
句型[Please+动词原形+(其他)]
1. Please pass me the dictionary. 2. Lend me your knife, please.
3. Don't stand please on ceremony. 4. Move along, please. 5. Please help yourself!
[注] 文学作品中please可用pray替代，如：1. Pray go home. 2. Pray, go on with your next story.
句型[Will you/ Won't you/ Would you+动词原形+(其他)]
1. Will you come here? (= Please come here.) 2. Will you do the beds, while I do the windows?
3. Help me with this luggage, will you? 4. Won't you stay a little longer?
5. Won't you have some more? 6. "Would you do me a favor?" - "Why, of course."
7. Would you like another drink? 8. Would you kindly show me the way?
[注] 疑问句的祈使句还有 could, can, may, might, 如：Could you lend me five shillings until tomorrow?
Might (May) I borrow your pen (for) a moment?
句型[Would you mind (not) +动名词+(其他)]/ [Do you mind (not) +动名词+(其他)]
1. "Would (或Do) you mind lending me your dictionary?"-"Certainly not."
2. Would you mind being here at nine o'clock?
3. "Do you mind my opening the window?"-"Oh, no, please."
4. Do you mind not smoking in the dining-room, please?
句型[What about +动名词+(其他)]/[How about+动名词+(其他)]
1. What about starting work tomorrow? 2. What about going out for a walk?
3. How about trying to do it my way?
句型[Be+so good/kind as+不定式+(其他)]/ [Be+good/kind enough+不定式+(其他)]
1. Be so good as to come and join us at 5 o'clock.
2. Be so kind as (=kind enough) to shut the door.
3. Be good enough to let me know when you will return from your holiday.
4. Be kind enough to come and help me to study English.
[注1] 句型60, 61可与本句型结合使用， 如：1. Will you be back early this evening, please? 2. Will you be kind enough/so kind as to close the door? 3. Would you be so good as to post the letter for me?
[注2] 有时可以在这些句型前加上just, 使语气更缓和，如：Just listen to her, please! Just shut the door, will you?
建议祈使句
句型[Let us/ Let's或Let+第三人称宾语+动词原形+其他]
1. Let us know the time of your arrival. 2. Oh, do let us be friends.
3. "Let's go."-"yes, let's go." 4. Let's start early, shall we?
5. "Shall he come in?"-"let him wait!" 6. Let him have his say.
7. "Nature and Nature's laws lay hid in night, god said 'Let Newton be' and all was light.'
[注] let可用于句型55，如：Let me see. "Let me alone." "Please let me into the house."
句型[Let+宾语+not }+动词原形+其他][Don't let+宾语+动词原形+其他]
1. Let us not go. 2. Let's not waste out time arguing about it. 3. Let's not discuss it in class.
4. Don't let the fire out. 5. Don't let the children come near the edge.
6. Pray (please) don't let us be splitting hairs…, or there'll never be an end of the cause.
[注1] 古英语中可采用 "Let not+宾语…"的形式，如：1. Let not success elate you. (=you should not be elated by success.) 2. Let not failure deject you
[注2] 以上三种否定式不可用于间接引语中，如：(误)Tell him don't let the fire out.
(误)Tell him let the fire not out. (误)Tell him let not the fire out. (正)Tell him not to let the fire out.
句型[Suppose/Supposing+主语+谓语(动词原形、过去时)+其他]
1. Suppose you ring me up. 2. Supposing we go for a swim.
3. Suppose (Supposing) we try to do it my way. 4. Supposing we looked (look) him up today.
句型[主语+had better+动词原形+其他]
1. We'd better start early. (=It would be better for us to start early.)
2. You'd better do as the doctor says and stay in bed.
3. You had better go to the fields and have a look. 4. Hadn't you better take an umbrella?
[注] 相当于本句型的还有以下二式：1. "…would be well+不定式…" It would be well to start early.
2. "…may as well+原形动词…" We may as well go.
[附注] 建议祈使句还可以用以下动词来表达
1)allow, 如：Allow me, Sir, to introce you to my fellow-travelers.
Pray allow me to detain you for a moment..
2) permit, 多用于正式场合，如：Permit me to explain further.
Please permit me, on behalf of our school, to extend my heartfelt greetings to you.
其次，也可用陈述句来表达这种概念。如：You have to knock before you enter my room.
1. You are not to come into my room without knocking.
2. You ought to show honor to your teachers. 3. We should be the masters of Science.
4. You are to write your name at the top of each sheet of paper.
祝愿句
句型[Long live+第三人称主语]
1. Long live our socialist motherland.
2. Long live the great, glorious and correct Communist Party of China.
句型[May+第二、三人称主语+动词原形+其他]
1. May you return soon! 2. May he never repent this act!
3. May you succeed in building up a strong and prosperous country!
4. May our two peoples achieve even greater successes in our socialist construction!
[注] 句型69，70可结合使用。如：Long may she live to enjoy her good fortune!
有时可用might代替may, 如：Rather might they live in friendship for the future!
句型[(祝愿内容)名词+to+名词或代词(被祝愿对象)]
1. Eternal glory to the people's heroes! 2. Solute to you! 3. Success to you!
4. A long life to you! 5. A toast to our friendship! 6. A happy journey to you! 7. Good luck to you!
句型[If only/But+主语+虚拟式谓语+其他]
1. If only Marx were still by my side to see this with his own eyes!
2. If only I had known then what I knew long afterwards!
3. Ah, if only it had life and movement! 4. If I could only get something to do.
句型[Oh/ O/ Ah)名词+that+主语+虚拟式谓语+其他][Oh/ O/ Ah)名词+to be+表语+其他]
[Oh/ O/ Ah)名词+虚拟式谓语+主语+其他]
1. Oh! That she could come back to life again! 2. O that he were alive and could see the fruits of his labor.
3. Ah, that I had but known! 4. O that I had listened to him! 5. Oh, to be in England now that April's there! 6. O to be a boy again! 7. O were he only here! 8. O had I wings!
句型[Be+主语+表语+其他]/[表语+Be+主语+其他]
1. Be his banner unconquered, resistless his spear.
2. Be ours a happy meeting! 3. Light be her heart and gay her merry eyes!
4. So be it! (=So may it be! =Be it so!)
5. "Good friend for Jesus' sake, forbear
To dig the st enclosed here,
Blessed be he that spares these stones
And curst be he that moves my bones." (Epitaph written by Shakespeare)
句型[Would (that)+主语+虚拟式谓语+其他]
1. Would (that) it were otherwise! 2. Would that they were safe home again!
3. Would you were with us! (= I wish you were with us!) 4. Would I were a scientist!
5. Would (that) I were young again. 6. Would I were as strong as you.
[注] 口语中还有各种表示祝愿的说法，如：Good morning! A Happy New Year! A Happy Holiday! Happy journey! Many happy returns (of the day)! Good luck in everything! My best wishes to you!
揭示句
句型 [ No+动名词或名词!]/ [(修饰语)+名词]
1. No Smoking! 2. No Parking Here! 3. No Scribbling (on the wall)! 4. No Passage!
2. No Admittance! 6. No Admittance except on business. 7. No Spitting! 8. No Talking!
9. No Thoroughfare. 10. No Bill (或 Post No Bill). 11. Not to Be Taken Away!
12. Order! 13. Interval - 10 Min. 14. The End. 15. Night Bell. 16. Holiday.
17. Poison! 18. Danger! 19. High Tension! 20. Attention! (或Look out!)
[注] 这种句型还可以用副词，形容词，分词，动词，词组或句子来表达，如：Slow; Keep Right;
Hands off; Wet Paint; Beware of Fire; Upstairs; Downstairs; Push; Pull; Children not Allowed; Engaged; Full, All Full; Time's over; Entrance; Exit; Way out等。
口号口令式祈使句
句型[副词虚助词+with+名词(或代词)]
1. Down with the slave mentality! Bury dogmatism!
2. Away with superstition and emancipate the mind.
3. Down with the landlords! 4. Up with the poor! 5. Up with it! 6. In with you! 7. Out with it!
8. Off with your hat. 9. Off with their heads! 10. On with your shoes!
句型[名词+副词虚助词!] [副词或比较级副词!]
1. Hands up! 2. Hands off! 3. Skates off! 4. Forward to new victories! 5. Louder! 6. Higher!
7. "Forward, men, forward" cries Pakenham. 8. "Away!-away!" cried she wildly.
② 强调复杂的英语语法结构句式
强调复杂的英语语法结构句式
英语语法强调句知识点：复杂结构的强调句式
句子结构比较复杂时，尤其是当被强调成分比较复杂时，有的同学们就不能识别句子所用的强调结构，从而不能正确作出选择。 如：
It was lack of money, not of effort, that defeated their plan.
他们的计划受挫，原因是缺少钱而不是没有尽力。
It was more in sorrow than in anger that he criticized his former colleague.
他批评以前的同事，并非出于气愤而是为他惋惜。
It is the protection for the trees that really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.
真正重要的在于对树木的保护，而不在于种了多少树。
As far as he’s concerned, it’s not doing something wrong that matters, but not being caught doing something wrong,
就他而论，重要的不是做错事，而是做错事不被抓住。
请看两道题：
(1) It is not who is right but what is right _______ is of importance.
A. which B. it C. that D. this
答案为C。此题考查it is…that…这一强调句式，被强调的是not who is right but what is right，全句意为：重要的不是谁是对的，而是什么才是对的。
有时考查not…but…的同义结构…rather than…与强调结构的综合运用。如：
(2) It is what you do rather than what you say _______matters
A. that B. what C. which D. this
答案为A。被强调成分为what you do rather than what you say，全句意为：重要的是看你怎么做，而不是看你怎么说。
英语语法强调句知识点：It is...that…句式通常不能强调哪些成分
有这样一道考题：
It was a teacher that she __________.
A. was B. seemed C. looked D. married
此题应选D。从句意上看似乎4个选项都行，其实这里只能填D。因为填A，B，C 中的任意一个选项，都会导致句中的 a teacher成为表语，然而按照强调句句法规则，It is...that这一强调句型是不能强调表语的。一般说来，以下成分不能用于强调句中的被强调部分：
1. 表语：
她很美。
正：She is beautiful.
误：It is beautiful she is.
他是医生。
正：He is a doctor.
误：It is a doctor that he is.
但是宾语补足语却可以用作被强调部分：
他们选他担任主席。
正：They elected him chairman.
正：It was chairman that they elected him.
2. since 和 as 引导的原因状语从句(但 because 从句却可以)：
他不能来是因为他病了。
正：It is because he is ill that he can’t come.
误：It is since[as] he’s ill that he can’t come.
3. although 引导的让步状语从句：
虽然累了，但他还是去了。
正：He went although he was tired.
误：It was although he was tired that he went.
英语语法强调句知识点：强调句式强调状语的五种类型
一、所强调的状语为单个的副词
能用于强调句被强调的副词不多，下面略举几例：
It was here that he differed from an Englishman.
他和英国人的不同就在于此。
It was only then that I began to learn the unpalatable truth about John.
直到那时我才开始了解到有关约翰的一些令人难以接受的实情。
It was yesterday that my secretary sent the bill to Mr Harding.
我的秘书是在昨天把账单送给哈丁先生的。
二、所强调的状语为融词性短语
所谓副词性短语，就是指起副词作用可用状语的短语，如last week， some time ago， three days later等。如：
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
第一面带有一个钟面和一根时针的钟是在大约600年前制造的。
It was only last February that he announced he would run for president.
去年2月他才宣布自己将参加总统竞选。
It was last night that John wore his best suit to the dance.
约翰是昨晚穿着他最好的衣服去参加舞会的。
三、所强调的状语为介词短语
介词短语的最主要功能就是用作状语，所以在强调句中，强调用作状语的介词短语的现象十分普遍。如：
It was through hard work that he succeeded.
他是通过自己的勤奋工作而成功的。
It was only after his death that she learned of his affair with Betty.
一直到他死后她才知道他和贝蒂有染。
It was along the Mississippi River that Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
正是在密西西比河沿岸，马克·吐温度过了他童年的大部分时间。
It was for this reason that her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
这就是她的叔叔离开纽约，搬到一个小山村住下来的原因。
It is only on the world market that we can prove the competitiveness and quality of our goods.
只有在国际市场上我们才能证明自身商品的竞争力和质量。
It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game.
我们输掉比赛是由于你的愚蠢。
四、所强调的状语为状语从句
It was after he got what he had desired that he realized it was not so important.
在他得到自己所渴望的东西后，他意识到那并不是那么重要。
It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday.
我昨天是由于想买本字典而进城的。
It was only when I read her letter that I realised what was happening.
一直到我读了她的信以后，我才意识到发生了什么事。
五、所强调的状语涉及not…until…句式
not...until...句式中的until可能是介词(用于引出介词短语作状语)也可能是连词(用于引出从句作状语)。这类句式的基本结构是It is (was) not until...that...(注意that后面的句子要用肯定式)。如：
It was not until the meal was over that he turned up.
一直到用餐结束以前，他都没有现身。
It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.
直到我遇到你以后，我才真正体会到幸福。
It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified.
直到1911年才发现了第一种维生素。
It was not until I saw him laughing that I realized what a fool I had been.
直到我看见他笑了，我才意识到我是多么笨。
英语语法强调句知识点：英语强调句的七种方式
我们在说话或写文章时，为了要突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。英语表示强调的方法很多，比如在口语中可以用重读来强调，在书面语中则可通过使用表示强调意义的词语来强调，也可以通过将被强调成分置于句首这样的“显要”位置来强调，还可以使用专门的强调句式来强调。
■用助动词do来强调
当句子中没有其他的助动词时，我们可以在动词前使用助动词do表示对该动词的强调。如：
Do be careful with that vase! 务必小心那个花瓶!
I do hope you’ll stay for lunch. 我真的希望你留下吃午饭。
用于表示强调的do可以有时态的变化，但其后的动词要用原形。如：
He does look tired. 他确实显得很疲倦。
He did come but soon went back. 他的确来过，但很快就回去了。
She did write to say thank you. 她的确写信向你道谢了。
注意，这样用的do只用于现在时或过去式(即只有do, does, did这样的形式)，不能用于进行时、完成时等形式(如不用于is doing, has done等)。
■用某些形容词来强调
英语中用于强调的形容词比较多，比如那些表示“极端”和“完全”概念的形容词通常就可以用于表示强调，这类形容词主要的有：
mere 仅仅的 very 极端的
outright 完全的 thorough 十足的
plain 完全的 complete 彻底的
pure 完全的 perfect 全然的
Jim looked a perfect fool. 吉姆看起来像一个十足的傻瓜。
At that very moment the phone rang. 正好在那个时候电话铃响了。
We gave the room a thorough cleaning. 我们把房间彻底打扫了一番。
■用某些副词来强调
英语中有不少副词可以用于表示强调，比如only就是其中的一个。如：
You may put the meeting off only when it is absolutely necessary. 你们可以把会议推迟，但只是在绝对必要时才能这样做。
试比较：
Only I kissed her last night. 昨晚只有我吻了她。
I only kissed her last night. 昨晚只是吻了她。
I kissed only her last night. 昨晚我吻的只有她。
I kissed her only last night [last night only]. 我只是在昨晚才吻了她。
■用句首位置来强调
在英语中，句首位置是通常用于表示强调的一个地方，当某个本来不应置于句首的成分放在句首，往往会对这个成分构成强调。比较：
普通：He kept this job twenty years. 这个工作他做了20年。
强调：This job he kept twenty years. 他做这个工作做了20年。
普通：The students can understand this. 学生们是理解这一点的。
强调：This the students can understand. 这一点学生们是理解的。
普通：I know that she is a good girl. 我知道她是一个好姑娘。
强调：That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
普通：Press the red button to switch on. 请按红色按钮开机。
强调：To switch on, press red button. 要开机，请按红色按钮。
■用定语从句来强调
有时我们可以使用定语从句来对一个名词进行强调，如用the person who, the thing that, the place where, the day when, the reason why这样的结构，把需要强调的名词与定语从句连在一起。比较：
普通：Mary keeps pigs in the garden shed. 玛丽在花园的棚子里养猪。
强调：Mary is the person who keeps pigs in the garden shed. 玛丽就是在花园的棚子里养猪的那个人。(强调Mary)
强调：The garden shed is the place where Mary keeps pigs. 花园里的棚子就是玛丽养猪的地方。(强调the garden shed)
强调：The place where Mary keeps pigs is the garden shed. 玛丽养猪的地方是花园里的棚子。(强调the place where Mary keeps pigs)
■用what从句来强调
当what的意思是表示“所……的……”时，它通常具有强调意味，此时的what通常相当于“先行词+关系代词”结构。如：
This is what I have to say. 这就是我所要说的话。
句中的what相当于the thing that。
What he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。
句中的what也相当于the thing that。
He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的他了。
句中的what相当于the person who。
另外，what从句有时还可以用于强调动词。如：
What we can do is (to) write to him. 我们唯一能做的'事是给他写信。
What you do is (to) mix the eggs with flour 你要做的事是把面粉和鸡蛋搅和在一起。
■用强调结构来强调
英语中表示强调时有一个很重要的句型，那就是“it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他”结构。比较：
It was in the office that he was killed. 他是办公室被杀害的。
It is the children who broke the window. 是孩子们打破窗户的。
第一句的被强调的成分的是in the office，第二句的被强调成分是the children。其中that和who的区别是：当强调人时，可用that或who，当强调其他成分时，用that。注意，当强调时间和地点时，不能用when和 where 代替that。
在具体使用时，要特别注意这类强调句的疑问句形式。比较：
陈述句：It is because he is ill that he can’t come. 是因为生病他才没有来。
一般疑问句：Is it because he is ill that he can’t come? 是因为生病他才没有来吗?
特殊疑问句：Why is it that he can’t come? 他为什么不能来?
另外，还要注意not...until…这一句型的强调句莆式，它的基本形式是It is (was) not until…that…。
如：
直到我遇到你以后，我才真正体会到幸福。
正常：I didn’t know real happiness until I met you.
强调：It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.
直到吃完饭他才现身。
正常：He didn’t turn up until the meal was over.
强调：It was not until the meal was over that he turned up.
英语语法强调句知识点：强调结构的疑问式及回答
一、一般疑问句
A：Was it you who put these books on my desk? 是你把这些书放到我桌上的吗?
(比较原句：Did you put these books on my desk? )
B：Yes, it was. 是我。
二、特殊疑问句
A：Who was it that gave you the book? 是谁给了你这本书?
(比较原句：Who gave you the book?)
B：It was Tom. 是汤姆给我的。
A：How is it that he goes to school every day? 他每天是怎样去上学的?
(比较原句：How does he go to school every day?)
B：It is by bike. 是骑自行车去的。
三、反意疑问句
A：It was Tom broke the window, wasn’t it? 是汤姆打烂窗户的，对吗?
B：Yes, it was. 是的。
英语语法强调句知识点：强调结构能强调哪些成分
强调结构是：It +is/was+被强调成分+that+句子的剩余部分。如果我们要强调一个句子的某个部分时，就将要强调的那个部分放在it is/was与that之间，而句子的其余部分原封不动地直接放在that之后。此结构可强调除谓语动词外的各种成分。
(1) 强调主语
It was he that saw Mr. Wang on TV yesterday. 是他在电视上看到了王先生。
(2) 强调宾语
It was Mr. Wang that he saw on TV yesterday. 他昨天在电视上看到的是王先生。
(3) 强调补语
It is green that he has pained the door. 他把门漆成绿色了。
(4) 强调表语
It is a doctor that he has become. 他已成为一名教师了。
(5) 强调地点状语
It was on TV that he saw Mr. Wang yesterday. 他昨天是在电视上看到王先生的。
(6) 强调时间状语
It was yesterday that he saw Mr. Wang on TV. 是昨天他在电视看到王先生。
(7) 强调方式状语
It was by bike that we went to the park. 我们是骑自行车去公园的。
(8) 强调各类从句
It was what he said that surprised me. 是他讲的话让我吃谅。
It is because the book is so useful for my work that I bought it. 正因为这本书对我很有用，我才买它。
It was just as he ordered that she acted. 她正是照他吩咐的去做的。
(9) 强调not…until…中的时间状语
It was not until 12 o’clock that he went to bed. 直到12点他才睡。(比较原句：He didn’t go to bed until 12 o’clock. )
It was not until his father came back home that he went to bed. 直到他父亲回到家里他才睡。
(比较原句：He didn’t go to bed until his father came back home.)
(10) 强调非谓语动词
It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of money.
电脑游戏花掉了这个孩子许多钱。
It was to get my brakes repaired that I brought my car in, not to get the engine replaced!
我开车来是修理刹车的而不是来换动力的。
;③ 英语语法知识整理
英语语法知识整理
英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。
我们先看一道题：
It’s more than half a century _________ the People’s Republic of China was liberated.
A. when B. that C. since D. after
有的考生一见到句首的 it’s，再一看选项中的that，就马上联想到It is...that... 这样的强调句型，并认为被强调的'成分是时间状语 more than half a century，从而毫不犹豫地选择了B。按照以上分析，假若这是强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是The People's Republic of China was liberated (for) more than half a century. 很显然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段时间，然而它修饰的谓语动词 (was) liberated 却是一个终止性动词，按此意思则是说“解放中华人民共和国”这一动作一直持续了半个多世纪，这显然是荒唐的。其实，此题应选C，属于“It is+一段时间+since 从句”句型，句意为“自中华人民共和国解放以来, 时间已过去半个多世纪”。此句的主句谓语也可以用现在完成时态(has been)，但在口语中一般多用一般现在时代替。请再看一例：
It was ten o’clock _________ he came back home.
A. when B. that C. since D. after
对于此题许多同学也误认为是强调句型，从而误选B。假若这是强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是 He came back home ten o’clock. 此句显然不成立，但是若在 ten o’clock 前加上一介词 at，则完全可以，即可说 He came back home at ten o’clock.，也可说 It was at ten o’clock that he came back home. 上面一题的正解答案应是A，即选 when，表示“当……的时候”，句首的 it 表示时间，全句意为“当他回到家时，时间是10点钟。”
;④ 作文和语法踯识用英语怎么说
作文和语法知识，
用英语这样说。
Knowledge of composition and grammar.
英语学习的方法。
1 学习英语的首要理念：要努力去了解“是什么”，而尽量少去了解“为什么”。
因为英语是语言，很多语汇和句型的用法没有道理可讲，没有“为什么”可言，人们就是这样用的，就是这样说的，记住就好。当然了，仔细分析起来或许可以找到语法上的解释。婴儿时期，我们学说话的时候，从来没有问过“为什么会这么说” 吧，但是为什么后来会说的这么好?因为我们听的多，说的多，自然就记在脑子里了。
2 学习英语的最好方法：背诵课文。
因为英语是我们的后天语言，所以必须将人家现成的东西反复在脑海里形成神经反射，不用关心为什么这样说(同第一点)。
推荐《新概念英语3，4册》。可以说，几乎没有任何一种教材的经典程度超过《新概念英语》。它的语法是最规范的，结构是最严谨的，流传了好几代人，依然保持最为持久的生命力。
3 学习英语需要多种形式的神经刺激。
真正学好英语，不经历背诵大量文章，写大量东西，听大量文章，是根本不可能达到目的的，比如一个新单词，我们在书上看到，默写，背诵，还不能说真正认识了。在听力中听到了这个单词，能反应过来是它吗?在想表达这种意思的时候，能反应过来应该用它吗?……我们当初学说话的时候，都是无形中进行了听，说，读，写等不经意的“练习”才全面掌握了这门语言。
4 学习英语要善于利用零碎时间。
英语学习不是靠突击可以学好的，一下子花上好几个小时拼命学英语，是无济于事的。它的特点在于“细水常流”。每天花上十几分钟的零碎时间听，背一段课文，记几个单词，长期坚持，逐渐会得到提高的。
5 要着意“卖弄”。
新学会的词汇和用法，应该在可能的场合多多练习使用。不要老是用自己喜欢或者熟悉的单词或者句型，这样的话，新学的东西永远得不到强化，慢慢的又会变的陌生，人将会永远停留原有的水平。不断地将新东西变为旧东西，又不断接触新东西，再将其变为旧东西，如此往复，才能不断提高。
⑤ 英语语法知识点：存在句用法解析
英语语法知识点：存在句用法解析
英语语法存在句知识点：there to be的两个用法
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
用法一、动词consider, expect, hate, intend, like, mean, prefer, want等可接there to be做宾语。 如：
(1) I considered there to be much time for the work.
我原以为有很多时间来做这件工作。
(2) I expect there to be great fun in the game.
我希望游戏中有很大的乐趣。
用法二、做介词for 的宾语。 如：
(1) You don’t have to hurry, for there to be much time left.
你不必匆忙，因为还剩有很多时间。
(2) Let’s get off the bus, for there to be too many passengers in it.
我们下车吧，因为车里的乘客将太多了。
英语语法强调句知识点：判断此题是定语从句还是强调句
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
有这样一道题：
It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where
答案选A，填对此句的关键是要弄清第二空必须填 that，因为这是一个强调句，被强调部分为 in the small house (以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father)。又如：
(1) It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how C. who, that D. that, which
【分析】 此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 the boy (以及修饰它的定语从句who had been in prison)。
(2) It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that
【分析】 此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。
英语语法强调句知识点：强调句与从句的比较
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
1. 强调句与主语从句的比较
强调句将句子中的it is / was …that同时省去，句子仍然成立;而主语从句将that与后面部分代替it，成立。如：
(1) It is Li Lei’s brother that you met in the street yesterday. 你昨天在街上所见到的就是李蕾的兄弟。
本句若将It is 及 that同时省去为：You met Li Lei’s brother in the street yesterday. 句子同样成立，因此前面的句子是强调句型。
(2) It is exciting that we have succeeded in sending up Shenzhou V. 我们成功地发射了神舟五号这件事情真令人兴奋。
本句若将It is 及 that同时省去为：We have succeeded exciting in sending up Shenzhou V. 显然句子错误，因此，前面句子不是强调句型，而是主语从句。
2. 强调句与定语从句的比较
◎强调句中的It没有实际意义，It be与that可同时被省略;而定语从句中的It是主语，It be与that不可同时省略;
◎强调句型中be的时态须跟后面句子的时态相一致;而定语从句中主句谓语动词be的时态须由主句的时间确定
◎强调句将句子中的that不能省略，并且即使前面的名词是事物时，也不能将that换成which;而定语从句中的that作宾语时可被省略，并且当先行词是事物时可用which代替。
◎当it be后面的时间、地点名词作主语、宾语或表语时，引导词可用that / which;而作其他成分时，引导词须用when / which。如：
(1) It is an English book (that / which) I bought yesterday. 它是我昨天买的书。(本句是对What is that?问句的回答，that所引导的是定语从句，that可被省略)
It was the English book that I bought yesterday. 昨天我所卖的就是这本书。(本句相当于对I bought the English book yesterday中an English book进行强调)
(2) It was a room where we used to have meetings. 它是我们过去常在开会的房子。(where 所引导的从句对前面的room进行说明，它是定语从句)
It was in the room that we used to have meetings. 过去我们开会就在这间房子里。(in the room是被强调的部分，本句是强调句型)
(3) It is a day when the people celebrate their victory. 这是人们庆祝他们的胜利的日子。 (when所引导的'从句对a day进行说明，是定语从句)
It was on that day that people celebrated their victory. 就在那一天，人们庆祝了他们的胜利。(强调on October 1, 1949)
3.强调句与状语从句的比较
◎状语从句句首的It本身就是句子的主语;而强调句首的It不作任何成分也没有实际意义。
◎状语从句的连接副词that及句子前面的It be不能去掉。
◎状语从句的引导词可以是when / where，而强调句型中的that不能用其他词代替。如：
(1) It is such an interesting book that we all like it very much. 它是一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都非常喜欢。(结果状语主从复合句)
It is such an interesting book that we all like very much. 我们大家都非常喜欢的就是一本如此有趣的书。(强调such an interesting book)
(比较：It is such an interesting book as we all like very much. 这就是我们大家都非常喜欢的如此有趣的书。定语从句)
(2) It was already morning when he woke up. 当他醒来时，已经是早晨了。(时间主从复合句)
It was the next morning that he woke up. 就在第二天早晨他醒来了。(强调the next morning)
英语语法倒装句知识点：“only+状语”置于句首句子要倒装
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
请看下面一道涉及only的倒装试题：
Only in this way __________ able to finish the work in time.
A. can you be B. are you C. you can be D. you are
此题应选 B。容易误选D。至于A，C，这比较容易排除，因为情态动词 can 不能与 be able to用在同一谓语中。本题之所以要选B而不选D，主要是因为句首用了only in thisway 的缘故，按照英语语法规则：“only+状语”位于句首，句子通常要用倒装语序(部分倒装——用一般疑问句形式)。如：
1. “only 副词”位于句首。 如：
Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只是到了那时我才意识到是我错了。
2. “only+介词短语”位于句首。 如：
Only by working hard can you succeed. 只有努力工作你才能成功。
Only in the reading-room can you find him. 你只有在阅览室才能找到他。
3. “only+状语从句”位于句首。 如：
Only when one loses freedom does one know itsvalue. 一个人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可贵。
注意：若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是 only+宾语等，则通常无需倒装(但有时也可以倒装)。如：
Only a policeman the children saw in the street. 孩子们在街上只看到一个警察。
Only one more point will I make. 我只再说明一点。
英语语法感叹句知识点：感叹句的基本句型
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊!
What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊!
What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊!
What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!
【说明】 在感叹句中，What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an，如：
What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊!
What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊!
What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊!
【句型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!
How well you look! 你气色真好!
How kind you are! 你心肠真好!
How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听!
Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!
How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊!
【说明】 how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：
How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊!
How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!
英语语法感叹句知识点：陈述句改为感叹句
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种：
How +形容词+ a +名词+其他成分!
How+形容词或副词+其他成分!
What +名词+其他成分!
What +a+形容词+名词+其他成分!
What + 形容词+复数名词+其他成分!
What + 形容词+不可数名词+其他成分!
请看以下例子：
It’s an interesting film. 这是一部有趣的电影。
→ What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影啊!
It’s wonderful weather. 天气很好。
→ What wonderful weather! 天气真好!
He did the work carefully. 他做这工作很仔细。
→ How carefully he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊!
Time passed quickly. 时间过得很快。
→ How quickly time passed! 时间过得真快!
;⑥ 语法很差 用英语怎么说
I'm poor in grammar.
I'm bad at grammar.
⑦ 有许多难学的语法 用英语怎么说
There are many difficult in learning grammar
⑧ 英语语法there’s知识点
英语语法there’s知识点
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
一、通常情况
在通常情况下，若there be只有一个主语，谓语的'数则取决于该主语的数;若有几个主语并列，则通常是与靠近的主语保持一致。 如：
There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。
There were a lot of people waiting. 有许多人在等着。
There is a girl and two boys in the room. 房里有一个女孩和两个男孩。
但有时也可以与和两(几)个主语保持一致。 如：
There were one or two chaps there. 那儿有一两个人。
In addition to her, there were Mr. and Mrs Dalby. 除了她还有戴尔比夫妇。
二、特殊情况
但是，在非正式场合，there’s 往往可以用来代替复数形式there are 用于复数名词前。 如：
There’s lots of cars on the road these days. 如今路上有许多汽车。
There’s a man and a dog in our garden. 我们花园里有一个人和一只狗。
英语语法强调句知识点：判断此题是定语从句还是强调句
【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
有这样一道题：
It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where
答案选A，填对此句的关键是要弄清第二空必须填 that，因为这是一个强调句，被强调部分为 in the small house (以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father)。又如：
(1) It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how C. who, that D. that, which
【分析】 此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 the boy (以及修饰它的定语从句who had been in prison)。
(2) It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that
【分析】 此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。
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