㈠ 高考英语必备的语法知识点
高考是最全面系统的一次考试，英语科目的高考考察就是我们学生平时学过的知识和掌握的语法知识。下面是我为大家整理的高考英语必备的语法与知识点，希望对大家有用!
高考英语语法知识点
一般过去时
①一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示);用于表达过去的习惯;表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。如：
I met her in the street yesterday.
I once saw the famous star here.
They never drank wine.
I thought the film would be interesting,but it isn’t.
②如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词连用过去式。如：
③表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。
The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.
He bought a watch but lost it.
④常用一般过去时的句型：
Why didn’t you / I think of that?
I didn’t notice it.
I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.
I didn’t recognize him.
高考英语知识要点
1.表示“大量、许多”
可数：number/many/dozen/a great number 不可数：a great deal/amount/much 都可以：plenty of/lot/quantity/mass
2.可以修饰形容词比较级：far/even/any/much/rather/a bit/a lot
3.lie躺-lay-lain-lying 撒谎-lied-lied-lying
Lay下蛋-laid-laid-laying
4.can表示能力，be able to表示经过努力，有时态变化
5.receive强调客观接收，accept强调主观接受
6.on account of因为，由于;account for说明原因解释
7.accuse sb of指控某人，sue指控
8.add to增加扩大，add up加起来，add up to总共总计
9.afford负担得起，抽得出时间
10.after以过去为起点，用于过去时态，in以将来为起点，用于将来时态
11.ago与过去时连用，before与过去完成时连用
12.in all总计全部，all in all总的说来，at all一点，not at all一点也不
13.almost后接no，none，nothing，never，但不能用not修饰，nearly可以用not修饰 more than和too等词前面用almost，不用nearly
14.always与not连用表示未必、有时，例如Crows are not always black.乌鸦未必是黑 色的。
15.be amused at/by/with以?为乐
16.announce指个人郑重其事的宣布，declare指宣布战争、和平、意见、中立等 Declare后不加不定式
17.表示渴望：long for/be anxious for/in anxiety of/have an appetite for/be eager to do/hunger for/sick for;为某事担忧be anxious about
高考英语知识点
(一)段首句
1. 关于??人们有不同的观点。一些人认为??
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
2. 俗话说(常言道)??，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在，??，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，??;其次，??。更为糟糕的是??。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 现在，??很普遍，许多人喜欢??，因为??，另外(而且)??。
Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______.
5. 任何事物都是有两面性，??也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.
6. 关于??人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)??，在他们看来，??
People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.
7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题??，这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.
高考英语必备的语法与知识点相关 文章 ：
1. 高考英语语法与知识点
2. 高考英语语法与知识点总结
3. 高考英语语法知识点总结
4. 高考英语定语从句语法知识点与学习方法
5. 高中必备英语知识点归纳
6. 高考英语必备的知识
7. 高中英语语法知识点整理总结
8. 2020高考英语语法知识点
9. 高考英语知识点考点归纳
10. 高三英语语法知识点总结
㈡ 高三英语定语从句时态解析
英语的知识点很乱很杂，高考英语题总能糅合进很多知识点，学好基础知识点很重要，下面就是我给大家带来的 高三英语 定语从句时态解析，希望大家喜欢！
1.从句表现一般现在时的情况
A.The man who is appointed as a school principal will be a better leader.
被任命为学校校长人将会是一个更好的领导者。（用is appointed 不用 will be appointed）
B.There will be a special regulate for somebody who takes part in the competition next week.
对下周参加比赛的人将会有一个特殊的规则。（不用 will take, 而用 takes 一般现在时）
2.从句表示一般过去时的情况
A.So to speak, those books whose covers were printed red would sale on Chrismas eve.
这么说吧，那些封面被刷成红色的书将在圣诞前夕出售。（whose引导的定语从句时态为一般过去时，主句would sale 为过去将来时）
B.The fashion show which held in these countries would make an important influence.
在这些国家举办的时尚秀将会产生重要的影响。
3.但也有主句和从句都是一致时态的情况
A.Person who will go to watch movies next month will have to book tickets in advance.
在下个月要看电影的人将不得不提前订票。（主句和从句都用的一般将来时）
B.The cooperation which will be build up between two companies will be a significant event in business.
将要在两个公司直接建立的合作将会是一个商业界的重大事件。（主句和从句都表示将来）
定语从句考点
考点一 考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句
1. A person ________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
【解析】C。在所给的四个关系代词中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选C。又如：A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 书商就是其职业是卖书的人。
2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
【解析】B。their是物主代词，不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以不能选;在其余三个选项中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选B。句意为：许多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了，他们在家乡被照顾得很好。
3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
【解析】D。在所给定的四个关系代词中，只有which和whose能用于名词用作定语，故可排除B和C。而关系代词which和whose用于名词前作定语的区别是：which具有that或this的语义特征，而whose则具有one’s的语义特征。
考点二 考查关系代词which引导的定语从句
1. They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising. (辽宁卷)
A. that B. when C. what D. which
【解析】D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;when可引导非限制性定语从句，但只用于指时间，与句意不符，故也被排除;而what不是关系代词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也被排除;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中充当动词find的宾语。句意为：他们赢了最后三场比赛，我发现这有点令人吃惊。
2. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. (全国Ⅱ)
A. which B. that C. where D. it
【解析】A。由于两个 句子 之间没有并列连词，所以不能选B或D;而where是关系副词，不能用作主语;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中用作主语。又如：Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。
3. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山东卷)
A. who B. which C. when D. that
【解析】B。that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句，故可排除;when是关系副词，不用作主语，故也可排除;who用于指人，但这里的定语从句不是修饰her，而是修饰whenever I met her，故不能用who，此处应用which。又如：He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他说他从没见到过她，这是不真实的。
考点三 查关系副词where引导的定语从句
1. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. (上海卷)
A. where B. when C. there D. which
【解析】A。由于定语从句he composed “The Magic Flute”的主语和宾语是完整的，所以不能选D;when指时间，不用于修饰表地点的先行词the house，故也不能选;而there不是关系词，不能引导定语从句。
2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently. (福建卷)
A. that B. when C. which D. where
【解析】D。由于定语从句they can see themselves differently的主语和宾语是完整的，所以不能选A和C;when指时间，不用于修饰表地点的先行词a situation，故也不能选。
3. Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (重庆卷)
A. why B. what C. that D. where
【解析】D。由于定语从句we compete with others to go beyond ourselves的句子结构是完整的，不缺主语或宾语，所以不能选C;why引导定语从句，其先行词只能是the reason，而不用于其他场合，故不能选;what不是关系词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也可排除;where在此引导定语从句，修饰名词race，相当于in which。句意为：人生就像一场长途赛跑，在赛跑中我们为了超越自我而与别人竞争。
4. I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. (浙江卷)
A. which B. where C. how D. why
【解析】B。定语从句修饰的先行词是a point，不是my life。point在此相当于一个抽象的地点，所以要用关系副词where来引导定语从句。又如：We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。She had got to the point where she felt that she could not take any more. 她到了她觉得自己再也不能忍受的地步。
5. —What do you think of teaching, Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting. (北京卷)
A. where B. which C. when D. that
【解析】A。由于定语从句you are doing something serious but interesting是一个结构完整的句子，不缺主语或宾语，所以不能选关系代词which或that，故可排除B和D;而关系副词when只用于修饰表示时间的名词，故也可排除;where在此相当于in which，引导定语从句，并在定语从句中用作地点状语。又如：I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk for eight hours a day. 我不想要一份一天8小时都得守在办公桌前的工作。
考点四 查关系副词when引导的定语从句
1. She’ll never forget her stay there, ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (四川卷)
A. that B. which C. where D. when
【解析】D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;which引导定语从句必须在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，与本题的句子结构不符，故也被排除;where引导定语从句时，其前先行词只能是表示地点的名词，而本题的先行词her stay there(她待在那儿期间)不是表地点，而是表时间，故C也可排除;关系副词when在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词her stay。句意为：她永远不会忘记她待在那儿的那段时间，在此其间她找到了她两年前失踪的孩子。
2. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (江苏卷)
A. if B. when C. which D. since
【解析】B。when在此用于引导定语从句，修饰名词days。此题的难点是先行词days与关系副词when之间被are gone，容易误解句子结构。句意为：由于金融危机，当地五星级宾馆每晚收费6,000元的日子已经过去了。
考点五 考查“介词+关系代词”结构
1. Gun control is a subject ________ Americans have argued for a long time. (陕西卷)
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
【解析】C。当一个定语从句由“介词+which”引导时，其中介词的确定 方法 就是要找到与之构成搭配的动词、名词、形容词等。在本题中，根据句意，句子所涉及的搭配是argue about a subject(争论某个话题)，所以答案只能选C。又如：I called him by the wrong name for which mistake I apologize. 我叫错了他的名字，为了这个错误我愿道歉。
2. She brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. (全国I)
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
【解析】C。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词，所以不能选A或D;又因为是用于介词of之后作宾语，所以要用宾格whom，不用who。句意为：她带来了三个朋友，我以前一个也没有见过。
考点六 定语从句考查新角度
The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (江西卷)
A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which
【解析】B。这道题的本质是考查定语从句的用法，但其命题的角度比较特别，它既不考查先行词，也不考查关系代词或关系副词，而是结合介词的搭配考查关系代词的省略。句中定语从句I grew up用于修饰名词the house，由于其前没有“引导词”，所以可认为被省略了。而根据英语语法，可以省略的定语从句“引导词”只可能是用作宾语的关系代词that或which，这样一来，就必须要求空格处填一个能带宾语的词，显然只有介词in。
高三英语定语从句时态解析相关 文章 ：
★ 英语高考重点语法定语从句主语从句和动词
★ 高考英语定语从句语法知识点与学习方法
★ 高考英语动词的时态和语态语法知识点与技巧方法
★ 高中英语定语从句习题及答案
★ 高中英语语法知识总结:定语从句
★ 高中英语定语从句知识
★ 英语语法专题定语从句与固定搭配
★ 解析定语从句的易错点
★ 高考英语定语从句考点与学习计划
★ 高三英语语法知识点高效总结
㈢ 高中英语各种从句详细的定义、解释及例句
1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。
2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。
一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.
He told me that he would go to the college the next year
他告诉我他明年上大学.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
没人知道他是否会通过考试.
连接代词
连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏？
The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?
你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us that they would help us though the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend ring the trip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:
make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.
我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天写日记成了习惯.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.
我们认为你会同意我们的.
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
三、介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
② 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.
③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④ 在不定式前只能用whether.
（如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。）
⑤ 避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;
当宾语从句较长时;
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;
在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
七、宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
㈣ 高三英语知识点梳理
业精于勤而荒于嬉，行成于思毁于随。不勤奋地学习，什么事也做不好。娇嫩的花儿，需要每天勤奋地浇灌才能一天天长大;学习也是如此，需要你的不断浇灌，不断积累，才能提升。下面是我给大家带来的 高三英语 知识点，希望能帮助到大家!
高三英语知识点梳理1
under age 未成年，未达到规定年龄
He was rejected by the army because he was under age. 他因尚未成年而被拒绝参军。
You shouldn’t sell cigarettes to teenagers who are under age. 你不应该把香烟卖给没未成年的青少年。
under arrest 被捕
You are under arrest in the name of the law. 你被依法逮捕了。
He was soon put [placed] under arrest. 他不久就被逮捕了。
under attack遭受攻击
The company has come under fierce attack for its decision to close the factory. 因为决定要关闭工厂，公司受到猛烈攻击。
under consideration 在考虑中;在研究中
The question is now under consideration. 这个问题正在考虑中。
The plan is under consideration by the Ministry of Ecation. 教育 部正在研究这个方案。
under construction 在建造中
The new railway is under construction. 新铁路正在修建当中。
The bridge is under construction. 这座桥正在建造中。
There are two new hotels near here under construction. 附近正在兴建两家新的旅馆。
under control 在控制中
They soon got the fire under control. 他们很快把火势控制住。
It took the teacher months to bring his class under control. 这个老师花了几个月的时间才管住了他的班级。
under right 享有版权
The poem is still under right, so you have to pay to quote it. 该诗仍然享有版权，因此你必须支付引用费。
under cover 在隐蔽处;秘密地;在信封或邮包中
Plans for the attack were made under cover. 进攻计划是秘密制定的。
The check came under cover in yesterday’s mail. 支票是装在信封里和昨天的信一道寄来的。
under discussion 在讨论中;在审议中
That has no relation to the matter under discussion. 那与正在讨论的事无关。
That’s another topic that will come under discussion. 那是另一个要讨论的问题。
under examination 在检查中;在审查中
The prisoner was still under examination. 囚犯仍受审。
The proposals are still under examination. 提案仍在审查中。
under fire 在炮火中;被攻击中
We were under fire from all sides. 我们遭到了来自四面八方的 射击 。
The headmaster was under fire for not sending the boys home who stole the car. 校长由于没有开除那几个偷汽车的学生，受到责难。
under guarantee 在保修期内
It’s still under guarantee, so the manufacturer will repair it. 保证书 还有效，所以厂家会给 修理 的。
The car is still under guarantee, so you should be able to get it repaired free of charge. 汽车还在保修期内，所以你应该可以免费修理。
under oath 在法庭上宣过誓要说实话
The judge reminded the witness that he was still under oath. 那法官提醒证人他已宣誓不作伪证。
under obligation 有义务;一定要
The one who did the damage in under obligation to pay for it. 造成损失的人有义务赔偿。
【注】在现代英语中通常用under an [no] obligation的形式：
You’re under no obligation to pay for goods which you did not order. 没有订购的货物就无须付款。
She’s under an obligation to him because he lent her money. 因为他把钱错给她了，所以她有偿还他的义务。
高三英语知识点梳理2
1. opccupation n. 居住、占用;职业
occupational adj 与职业有关的
occupier n. 居住者, 房客, 占领者
occupy vt. 占, 占用, 占领, 占据
2.Reporter n. 记者, 新闻通讯员
=journalist n. 新闻记者, 从事新闻杂志业的人
3.Profession n. 职业, 专业,
professional adj. 专业的、职业的/ n.专业人员
习惯用语：allied health professional 保健辅助人员
4.Photograph n. 照片/ vt. 给......照相
Photographer n. 摄影师
5. Eager adj. 渴望的;热切的
eagerness n. 热心
6. concentrate v. 集中;聚集
concentration n. 集中;集合
concentration camp n. 集中营
concentrate on 集中;全神贯注于
例句：1)How can you concentrate on your work with so much noise going on?
你怎能在这样吵的环境下集中精神工作呢?
2)I tried to concentrate my thoughts on the probkem.
我努力让自己的思绪集中在这个问题上面。
=Attentively 注意地, 留意地
= pay attention to 注意
7.Course n. 过程, 经过, 进程, 方针, 路线, 跑道, 课程, 一道菜
a course in/on sth 课程
a course of sth 疗程
8.Acquire vt. 获得;取得;学到
acquisition n. 获得;获得物
9.Meanwhile n. 其间, 其时=meantime10. accuse vt. 控告, 谴责,
accuse ... of ... 因某事指责或控告某人
例句：1)I accused her of cheating. 我指责她作弊。
2)He was accused of murder and sent for trial. 他被控告谋杀并已送交审判。
Accusation n. 指责;控告;谴责
11. deliberately adv. 故意地
= on purpose
12. so as to(do sth) 为了做某事/以便作某事
=in order to do sth
例句：We went early so as to get good seats. 我们提早去了，以便占到好位置。
13. bribe vt. 向...行贿/n. 贿赂
bribery n. 行贿, 受贿, 贿赂
14. guilty adj. 犯罪的, 有罪的, 心虚的
guilt n. 罪行, 内疚
15.imaginative adj. 想象的, 虚构的
image n. 图象, 肖像, 偶像, 形象化的比喻, 极为相象, 映像, 典型
imagine vt. 想象, 设想
16. technical adj. 技术的, 技术上的, 技巧方面的
technic n. 技术, 手法
technica n. 技术性细节,技术,技巧,技能
technically adv. 技术上, 学术上, 工艺上
17. defend vt. 防护, 辩护, 防卫,
defence n. 防卫, 防卫设备
defend against防卫...以免于
18. crime n. 犯罪, 犯罪行为, 罪行, 罪恶
criminal n. 罪犯, 犯罪者/adj. 犯罪的, 犯法的, 罪恶的
criminally adv. 刑法上, 犯了罪地
19. edition n. 版本, 版
edit vt. 编辑, 校订, 剪辑/n. 编辑工作
editor n. 编辑, 编辑器, 编者
20.employ vt. 雇用, 用, 使用
employer n. 雇主, 老板
employee n. 职工, 雇员, 店员
employment n. 雇用, 使用, 利用, 工作, 职业
21. polish vt. 擦亮, 发亮, 磨光, 推敲
Polish adj. 波兰(Poland)的
22.chief n. 首领, 领袖, 酋长, 长官,/adj. 主要的, 首要的, 首席的, 主任的
Chief Executive Officer 执行总裁，首席执行官
23. intention n. 意图, 目的
intent n. 意图, 目的, 意向/adj. 专心的, 决心的, 热心的
intentional adj. 有意图的, 故意的
高三英语知识点梳理3
虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句
1.wish后的宾语从句。
与现在愿望不一致，用主语十过去时，例如：
I wi。hIwere you.
与过去愿望不一致，用主语+had+过去分词，例如：Iwish I had visited the White House whenI was in the States与将来愿望不一致，用主语+would (could)+原形。
2.It's time句型：当lt's tine后用that从句时应该为主i吾+should+动词原形或主语十过去时，例如：It，s time thatyou went to school.或It's time that you should go to schooL
3- If only引起的感叹句相当于“How I wish+宾语从句”。
(l)If only he could come.他要能来就好了。
(2)If only I had known the answer.我要早知道答案就好了。
4.WOuld rather，as if(though)引导的从句也需使用虚拟语气，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时，例如：
(l)I'd rather you posted the letter right away.
(2)She loves the children as if they were hers.
5.含蓄虚拟条件句含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：
(1)介词或介词 短语 。如but for，but that，without,in case of, under more favorable condition等。
(2)连词。如so that, unless, in case, supposing,lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in orderthat, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。
注意：lest, for fear that和in case引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但也可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。例如：The foreign teacher spokeslowly in case we misunderstood him这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们误解。
(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but,otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。
without, but. but for, otherwise引起的短语或 句子 常暗含着含蓄条件。例如：
①Without you,1 would never know him
②But for your oooperation, we wouldn't have done it
③But that she was afraid, she would have said no. .
④i would be most glad to help you, butI am busy now.
⑤I would have come to the party yesterday, but ljwas working.
⑥I am busy now, otherwise l would do you the favor!
高三英语知识点梳理相关 文章 ：
★ 高三英语知识考点整理概括
★ 高三英语语法知识点归纳汇总
★ 高三英语复习知识点归纳
★ 高三英语知识点总结
★ 高三英语语法知识点
★ 高三英语单词必背整理归纳
★ 高考英语知识点归纳整理
★ 高三英语语法知识点总结
★ 高三英语学习方法知识点整理
★ 高三英语必背知识总结知识归纳
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要想在成考英语考试中脱颖而出，首先还得对相应的从句进行复习。下面是我为大家整理的关于英语从句知识点 总结 ，希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习!
高考英语从句复习资料
1.状语从句的时态
(1)当主句是一般将来时时，在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的时间。
(2)when, before, after引导的从句的动作与主句动作的先后关系：若主从句的动作先后发生在过去，通常先发生的动作用过去完成时表示，后发生的动作用一般过去时。before, after本身已能表达动作的先后关系，所以在含有before, after从句的 句子 中，主从句的动作都可用一般过去时。
2.状语从句的语气 (见虚拟语气)
(1)as if /as though引导的从句以及if only.。.(但愿，要是……就好了)句子的虚拟情况：用一般过去时表示对现在的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。
(2)if引导的非真实条件句中的虚拟情况。
3.状语从句的成分省略
在时间、条件、原因、让步、方式等状语从句中，当从句的主语与主句的主语相同，且从句中含有be动词时，我们可将从句的主语(或作主语的代词it)连同be动词一起省略。
4.状语从句的强调
not until引导的时间状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句可用于强调句型。句型构成分别是："It was not until ... that ..."和"It is/was because ... that..."。
高考 英语 作文 写作指导
引言 introction
正文 body
结束语 conclusion
引言 introction
1. When you are waiting in front of a theatre or at the train terminals, you will realize how important punctuality is. Punctuality is really a virtue, especially in a busy city like Shanghai. Perhaps if everybody were punctual, there would be less suffering and sorrow.
正文 body
2. Punctuality is the main constituent of good character. A person, who is always in time for his appointment, shows real consideration for others. On the other hand, a person who is always late shows his selfishness and thoughtlessness and he is not worthy to be friend with.
constituent 构成
selfishness 自私
3. Some people often say that they cannot always be punctual since traffic is so heavy these days. I think traffic congestion cannot be an excuse for being late. As everybody knows that we might meet an unexpected congestion on the roads, we should leave a bit earlier for the appointment to ensure that we would not be late.
traffic congestion 交通堵塞
4. Some people always have a lot of excuses for coming late. When they finally arrive, they keep on saying sorry to their friends and then explain. The excuse is not always traffic congestion, sometimes they complain that they have met a friend on the road or have helped a blind man to cross the road. Some also like to blame their watches, the clocks at home or in the office. To such people, we cannot help but say sorry that we have come too early.
keep on doing sth. 一直做某事
5. Yet after all such smart fellows will soon find that graally their friends become fewer and fewer. Perhaps at that time, they would realize how important punctuality is.
结束语 conclusion
6. To be or not to be punctual is a habit. So when we are young, we should try to be punctual every time and never be late for it is much more easily acquired in youth than when we are older.
The person I shall never forget
The person I shall never forget is Qingfengxiang. She is the best friend in my life.
She often listens to me when my mood is bad. Moreover, she usually gives me some advices if I need help. Sometimes, she lends money to me if I want to buy some new clothes.
I will never forget her help even though I already left Wuhan city. I think that she will be one of the most important person ring my life. I hope that the friendship of us will keep forever.
修改后
I will never forget her help even though I have already left Wuhan city. I think that she will be one of the most important persons in my life. I hope that the friendship of us will keep forever.
修改后
She often listens to me when I'm in a bad mood. Moreover, she usually gives me some advices if I need help. Sometimes, she lends money to me if I want to buy some new clothes.
Why We Learn English
English is an international language now. Everyone needs to know English.
When we will visit a great number of different places in the word, we need to talk about local person with English. We are interesting in books, otherwise nowadays many of the valuable books are written in English or translated into English. We in order to go through ones, so we should have a good command of English.
We should try our best to learn the English language well.
修改后
When we visit a great number of different places in the world, we need to talk about a local person in English. Nowadays many of the valuable books are written in English or translated into English, so if we are interested in books, we should have a good command of English.
修改后
We should try our best to learn English well.
专升本英语作文考试中，语法一定要简明扼要，而且要正确。
高考英语 作文指导
文章 开端的常见写法
1. 背景法：说明事件发生的时间、地点、情景等背景。如：
I was once spending the month of 1982 in a small seaside village in the south of China. It is a wonderful place quiet and not fashionable. People usually do not go there.
2. 人物法：交代文章所要描述的主要人物或有关人物。如：
Once upon a time there was an honest old fellow named Hans. He had a kind heart and a funny, round, good humoured face. He lived in a tiny cottage all alone, and every day he worked in his garden.
alone 独自一人
lonely 孤独的
3. 主题句法：提出一个观点或论据作为文章要阐明和论述的主题。如：
One of the most notable phases of the instrial revolution was the rapid growth of cities --the shifting of population from rural districts to the urban centers.
rural 乡村的unban 城市的
4. 问题法：用提出问题的 方法 来引出文章的内容，以吸引读者的注意力。如：
What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man who studies and applies physics, chemistry, medicine, engineering or any other science?
5. 惊语法：用令人感到惊奇的句子开头，激起读者的兴趣。如：
A 39-storeyed building in construction collapsed in the city yesterday.
6. 故事 法：以讲述一段故事作为引子，在此基础上展开故事情节。如：
I was spending the night in my aunt's villa one summer. That night, being on a strange bed and feeling excited prevented me from sleeping. I slipped out of bed and went to the bathroom. Suddenly, a strange noise coming from behind made me spin around.
villa 别墅
prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
spin around 使人头晕目眩
7. 数据法：引用已经证实的某些统计数字来引起话题。如：
The fact that less than 5% of the British population graate from universities may seem surprising, especially when compared with the American percentage of over 30%
8. 引语法：摘录或引用某些名人的 名言 或常见的习语、 谚语 ，作为文章的开端。如:
Happiness is very important to our life. Shakespeare said, "One who is unhappy can never get a beneficial result."
be important to
9. 定义法：常见于对标题下定义，然后通过举例，逻辑推理等方法加以详细说明。如：
A true good student is one who possesses good morality, sound health, perfect knowledge and various abilities.
morality 道德品质
sound adj.健康的
㈥ 高三英语的语法知识点归纳
高二英语 在整个高中英语中占有非常重要的地位，既是高二又是整个高中阶段的重难点，所以要保持良好的学习心态和正确的 学习 方法 。下面就是我给大家带来的 高三英语 语法知识点，希望对大家有所帮助!
高三英语语法知识点1
一、不定式做主语：
1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。===动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。
e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe. (对等)
注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数
2). 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：
(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s ty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…
注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语，但possible可以用不定式作真实主语， 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错)
It is possible for him to come to the meeting.
It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
高三英语语法知识点2
一、非谓语动词
“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在 句子 中的作用很多：除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语.这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing.还有“二让”属特殊：get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing.而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends.这是由如下动词的开头字母组成：permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受). 为了容易记住,也可以编成 顺口溜 ：“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”.其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise;
advise/suggest, avoid,risk： consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can’t stand.
二、复合句
1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别.
例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句)
B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句)
关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that：有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位.因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用.
2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which：that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)级：which之前是介词 短语 与逗号(非限制性).
例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.
B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.
D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.
三、It的用法
1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语.而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后.
例如：It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.
然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语.这些表语是：无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger).
例如：A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.
B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.
2、It还可以作形式宾语.通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语：2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make).
例如：A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
B、I think it no use arguing with him.
3、It用于强调句式.要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语),可以把it当作先行词.这种句子的结构是：It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分.
例如：A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)
B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)
C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)
但要注意与定语从句的区别.
例如：D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句)
在强调句式里,我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去,句子还很完整.如例句C.而例句D就不能.
四、倒装结构
学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装.如何区分之,编个顺口溜：副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒装, 其它 句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不
倒装的属特殊.下面举例说明：
A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装)
B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装)
C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装)
D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装)
F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状语,主句倒装)
G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语.不倒装)
H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)
五、虚拟语气
虚拟语气也是一个难点.所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实.它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示.现归纳如下：纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级：条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would (should,could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句)：现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级：提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do：俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟：部分主语从句中, 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do). 下面举例说明：
A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟)
B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)
C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟)
D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)
E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊从句虚拟)
F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)
G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主语从句虚拟)
H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊从句虚拟)
高三英语语法知识点3
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略)， 例如：
I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：
a) She did not know what had happened.她不知道发生了什么。
b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。
(3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如：
She told me that she would accept my invitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。
2. 作介词的宾语，例如：
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。
3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：
I am afraid (that) I've made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。
注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。
4. it 可以作为形式宾语
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。
5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如：
正确表达：I admire their winning the match.
错误表达：I admire that they won the match.
6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句”结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：
正确表达：He impressed the manager as an honest man.
错误表达：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.
7. 否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：
I don't think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如：
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
2) This is why we can't get the support of the people.
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1. 同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：
1) The king's decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将 出国 。)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语)
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。)(同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分)
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高三英语必掌握必备知识点归纳1
1. access to 接近,进入(某地的) 方法 ; 通路
The only access to that building is along that muddy track.
到那栋建筑的通路是沿着那条泥泞的路走。
2. according to 按照,依照,视……而定
The work was done according to his instructions.
那工作是依照他的指示做的。
3. be addicted to 沉溺于……,对……上瘾
He became addicted to the drug.
他上了毒瘾。
4. belong to 属于
This dictionary belongs to me.
这本词典是我的。
5. contribute to 为……做贡献,为……撰稿
Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford to society.
人人都应该尽自己的能力为社会做贡献。
6. devote to 献身，致力于……
He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.
他一生献身于帮助残疾人。
7. e to 因为,由于……而起
His lateness was e to the very heavy traffic on the motorway.
他迟到是因高速公路上车辆过多所致。
8. be equal to 与……相当,有能力胜任……的
Bill is quite equal to running the office.
比尔的能力足以管理这个部门。
9. get close to 靠近,接近
Today many people like to go out to get close to nature.
如今许多人喜欢到户外去接近大自然。
10. get down to 开始做某事,认真处理某事
It’s time I got down to some serious work.
我该认真干点正事了。
11. hold to 忠于……,坚持,遵循
Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision.
不管你怎样争辩,我将坚持我的决定。
12. help oneself to 自取,自用(食物,饮料等)
Help yourself to a cigarette.
请随便用香烟吧。
13. look forward to 盼望,期待
We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.
我们非常盼望再见到你。
14. lead to 导致
This misprint led to great confusion.
这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。
15. prefer…to…两者间更喜欢……
I prefer walking to cycling.
我愿意步行,不愿意骑自行车。
16. pay attention to 注意
Pay attention to what the teacher is talking about!
注意老师说的话!
17. refer to 提到,涉及到,关系到,参考,查阅
What I have to say refers to all of you.
我要说的事和你们大家都有关。
18. relate to 与……有关,涉及……
Wealth is seldom related to happiness.
财富鲜于幸福有关。
19. see to 照看或处理某事物
Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting?
你来处理下次委员会会议安排,好吗?
20.stick to 坚持,不改变或不放弃
We don’t want to hear your opinions; stick to the facts!
我们不想听你的想法,只讲事实!
21.turn to 转向,求助于,转而做
The more depressed he got, the more he turned to drink.
他情绪越低落越是借酒浇愁。
22.used to 习惯于……,适应……
She is quite used to working hard.
她很习惯做艰苦的工作。
高三英语必掌握必备知识点归纳2
一、重要单词用法例析
1. below prep. & adv. 在……下面，低于
Do not write below the line. 不要该横线下写字。
I live on the floor below. 我住在下一层。
2. concentrate vt. & vi. 集中于，专注
I tried my best to concentrate my thoughts on the problem. 我努力让自己集中思想在这个问题上。
3. meanwhile adv. 在此其间，与此同时
The train won’t leave for an hour. Meanwhile we can have lunch. 火车还有一个小时才开，其间我们可以吃中饭。
Tom was at home studying. Meanwhile, Jon was out playing. Tom在家学习，与时同时Jon外出玩耍。
搭配：in the meanwhile同时，在此期间
In the meanwhile I’ll visit an old friend of mine. 在这期间我将去 拜访 我的一位老朋友。
4. gifted adj. 有天分的; 有天赋的
He is a gifted musician. 他是天才音乐家。
5. seldom adv. 很少
There is seldom snow in Guangdong. 广东很少下雪。
He seldom goes out on Sundays, does he? 星期天他很少出去，对吗?
Seldom has there been such a happy meeting. 过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。
注意：(1)其后的反意疑问句用肯定式;(2)位于句首时，谓语用部分倒装。
6. occupation n. 职业;占用，占据
Teaching is me occupation. 教书是我的职业。
The old house is under my occupation. 这所旧宅现已为我所有。
辨析：occupation表示职业，较为正式，常用于表格;work工作，不可数名词;job职业，可数名词，可指单独一个任务，也可指工作职位;profession工作，是指需要特别技能/训练和高等 教育 的工作;trade是指手艺工。
7. eager adj. 渴望的，热切的
She is eager to go home. 她很想回家。
He is eager for a computer. 他渴望有台电脑。
辨析：be anxious to do sth 急于做……(强调着急)
8. acquire vt. 获得，取得
She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study. 她认真学习而精通英语。
9. deny vt. 不认，拒绝
He denied telling me. =He denied that he had told me. 他否认他告诉过我。
注意：后接动词作宾语时，只能用-ing形式。
10. employ vt. 雇用，使用
We employed a cook. 我们雇用了一个厨师。
How do you employ your spare time? 你是怎样利用你的空余时间的?
He is employed in watering the flowers. 他正忙于给花浇水。
11. cover vt. 盖，遍布，走，采访
The Red Army covered 500 kilometers one day. 红军一天要行走500公里。
All the papers like to cover the affairs of the famous persons. 很多报纸喜欢报道名人的韵事。
二、词组句型用法例析
1. accuse … of… 控告某人犯某罪
I accused Donny of stealing money. 我控告Donny偷盗。
2. so as to (do sth.) 为了……
We got up early so as to catch the first train. 我们早起以便坐上第一班车。
辨析：so as to…不能位于句首，此时可用in order to…
In order not to be late for school, we must get up early. 为了上学不迟到，我们须早起。
3. defend…against… 防卫……免受……
Our ty is to defend our country against the enemies. 我们的职责是保卫我们的国家免受敌人的侵袭。
4. have a nose for sth. 有探查或发现某事物的能力新课标第一网
That reporter has a nose for news. 那位记者对新闻特别敏感。
5. the same…as…./such…as…
He is such a kind man as all like. 他是个人人喜欢的善良的人。(as作like的宾语)
注：在定语从句中，先行词中包含有the same, such, so等时，要用as来引导;关系代词as在定语从句中作主语或宾语等。
比较：He is such a kind man that all like him. (that不作任何 句子 成分)
三、课文长句难句剖析
If the person being interviewed agrees, we sometimes use small recorders to make sure that we get all our facts straight.
剖析：being interviewed是现在分词的被动式做定语，修饰the person，相当于定语从句who is being interviewed;不定式 短语 to make sure that…作目的状语;句中的straight是副词，意为“直接地”。
译文：如果得到被采访人允许，我们有时使用小型录音机，保证我们能够直接记录下全部事实。
四、语法知识归纳
1. 全部倒装
就是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。全部倒装通常用于：
(1)here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首时
Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。
Here is your letter. 你的信。
(2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首时
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。
Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。
高三英语必掌握必备知识点归纳3
link A to B 将A和B连接起来
refer to
1)提及，指的是……
e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he wasreferring to us?
2) 参考;查阅;询问
e.g. If you don'tunderstand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.
Please refer to the lastpage of the book for answers.
3) 关系到;关乎
e.g. What I have to sayrefers to all of you.
This rule refers toeveryone.
reference: n. 参考
e.g. reference books 参考书
7. to one's surprise (prep)
“to one's + 名词”表“令某人……”
常见的名词有“delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等
e.g. I discovered, to myhorror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.
To John's great relief theyreached the house at last.
8. ... found themselves united peacefully
“find +宾语+宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语;不定式)”
e.g. A cook will beimmediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.
You'll find him easy to getalong with.
They found themselvestrapped by the bush fire.
When I woke up, I foundmyself in hospital.
I called on him yesterday,but I found him out.
9. get sth done =have sthdone 使某事被做…….
e.g. I'll just get thesedishes washed and then I'll come.
get + n. + to do
get + n. + doing
You'll get her to agree.
I'll get the car going.
get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”
e.g. Be careful when youcross this very busy street.
10.break away (from sb /sth) 脱离;破除…
e.g. It is not easy for himto break away from bad habits.
The man broke away from hisguards.
break down (会谈)破裂，失败;(汽车等)出故障;(人的健康状况)变得恶劣;(情感)失控
e.g. His car broke down onthe way to work this morning.
His health broke down underthe pressure of work.
He broke down and wept whenhe heard the news.
Talks between the twocountries have completely broken down.
break in 闯入;打岔
break off 中断，折断
break into 闯入
break out 爆发;发生
break up 驱散;分散，拆散
11. as well as 不仅…而且;既…又…
e.g. He is a teacher aswell as a writer.
The children as well astheir father were seen playing football in the street.
12.convenience: n.方便;便利
e.g. We bought this housefor its convenience.
convenient: adj.
13. attraction:
1). 吸引;引力(不可数 n.)
2). 吸引人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节目(可数 n.)
e.g. attraction ofgravitation 重力
He can't resist theattraction of the sea on a hot day.
A big city offers many andvaried attractions.
What are the principleattractions this evening?
attract: v.
14.influence
1) v. 对…产生影响
e.g. What influence you tochoose a career in teaching?
2)可数n. 产生影响的人或事
e.g. He is one of the goodinfluences in the school.
3) (不可数n.) 影响
e.g. A teacher has greatinfluence over his pupils.
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㈧ 高三英语复习从句总结，简练点。
定义
I. 定语从句起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系词 先行词 从句
成分 例句 备注
关系代词 who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working
The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..
whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history.
The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate.
that 人，物 主语
宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which 物 主语
宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
as 人，物 主语
宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略
关系副词 when 时间 时间
状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用on which
where 地点 地点
状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in which
why 原因 原因
状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for which
Ⅱ. as与which的区别：
定语
从句 区别 例句
限制性定语从句中 名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which He is not such a fool as he looks.
Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.
非限制性定语从句中 as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。 They won the game, as we had expected.
They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.
As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.
Ⅲ. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
类别 语法意义及特征 例句
限制性定语从句 对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。 The accident happened at the time when I left.
非限制性定语从句 对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。 His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.
一、考点聚焦
1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词
（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：
①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.
4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤
（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which
（1）先行词被①形容词最高级 ②序数词 ③数词几种词修饰或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。
（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。
（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.
（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。
The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。
Which are the books that you bought for me ?
7、宜用which而不用that的情况
（1）在非限制性定语从句中
（2）在关系词前有介词时
（3）当先行词本身是that时
（4）当关系词离先行词较远时
8、关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词
（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。
（2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。
（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。
9、whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。如：
Do you know Mr. Smith whose story is very moving?
There is a room, whose window faces the river.
There is a room, the window of which faces the river.
10、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。
（1）先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用as 引导。
Such books as you bought are useful. The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.
注意：区别①such … that … 引导的结果状语从句。They are suchlovely children that we love them much.②the same … that … 引导定语从句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.
（2）无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。
区别：①意义上：as 含有“这点正如……一样”。②位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。
He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.
There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.
As is known, the earth is round, not flat.
11、关系副词when与where、why、that
when 指时间 = in / at / on / ring which
where指地点 = in / at / from / which
why指原因 = for which
当先行词为way、day、reason、time时，可用that作关系副词。（非正式场合）
I don’t like the way that / in which / he talks.
当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
12、必须注意的问题
（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。
（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。
①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。
②强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。
③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。
It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句)
It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）
（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。
②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。
Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)
（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。
①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。
②关系词作表语。
（5）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。
（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。
（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：
①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.（句中one为先行词）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）
②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday？ Is this the place (that / which) we visited yesterday?
③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
二、精典名题导解
1. The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.（NMET 2001）
A. until B. that C. when D. where
解析：答案为C。本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。
2. ___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)
A. It B. As C. That D. What
解析：答案为B。本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。as作“正如……”解时，引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，常用于下列短语：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。
3. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.(NMET 1996)
A. which B. where C. that D. when
解析：答案为B。本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语，因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分，然后选择适当的关系词。
㈨ 高三英语语法状语从句分类
高三英语语法状语从句分类汇总
状语从句
在句子中起状语作用的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导。
状语从句可分为：
时间状语从句：
When Susan goes to town, she will visit her grandma.
苏珊每次进城，总要去看望她奶奶。
地点状语从句：
I will go where I am needed.
哪里需要我，我就到哪里去。
方式状语从句：
I have changed it as you suggest.
我已经按照你的建议作了改变。
原因状语从句：
Mary didn't go shopping because I advised her not to.
玛丽没有去购物，因为我劝她不要去。
目的'状语从句：
They worked hard in order that they might succeed.
他们努力工作，以便能够获得成功。
结果状语从句：
Waste must be treated so that it does not become a danger to life.
废物必须进行处理，这样它才不会成为危害生命的东西。
条件状语从句：
If he works hard, he will surely succeed.
如果努力工作，他肯定会成功。
让步状语从句：
Though we are all different, we need never be separate.
虽然我们各不相同，但是我们永远也不会分开。
比较状语从句：
I was happier than I had ever been in my life.
这是我一生中最快乐的时光。
;㈩ 很多高中学生都搞不太懂英语从句，从句有几大分类
首先来看看句子的分类，句子可以分为三种，如下图：
状语从句语法知识点
Soon after he jumpshis parachute will open. 他跳伞之后，降落伞就会打开。【时间状语从句】
It is three yearssince he joined the army. 他参军已经三年了。【时间状语从句】
He didn't come to schoolbecause he was ill. 他没有上学，因为他病了。【原因状语从句】
If you work hard，you will catch up with others. 如果你努力学习，你会赶上其他同学的。【条件状语从句】
He studied carefully and hardso that he passed the exam. 他学习既仔细又努力，因此通过考试了。【结果状语从句】