外研社初三上册英语知识归纳

⑴ 谁有英语初三上册的语法知识点啊

你要的内容如下：
Unit 1 Topic1
1 it’s + adj +to do sth. 做、、、是…样的
2 come back from 从、、、回来
3 take place 发生
4 more and more 越来越多
5 have been to 去过、、、
6 have gone to 去了、、、
7 take photos 照相
8 take part in 参加
9 have no time to do没时间做、、、
10 in detail 详细的
11 in order to 为了
12 afford 负担得起support支持
13 get a good ecation 受好教育
14 see …oneself亲眼所见
15 have a chance to do 16有机会做、、、
16 Keep in touch with保持联系
17 far away 远离
18 reform and opening-up改革开放
19 not only …but also 不但而且
20 make rapid progress取得巨大进步
21 prefer A to B更喜欢A
22 现在完成时结构：
肯：S+ have\has +动分
否：S+ have\has + not +动分
疑：Have\has+S+动分
答：Yes, S+ have\has
No, S+ haven’t\hasn’t
Unit 1Topic2
1 get lost；走失，迷路
2 so do I .我也如此
否：neither +be\do\情态动词+主语
so +主语+ be\助动词\情态动词
（表达两者对同一事物的看法） A 如此，A的确如此
3 it seems that+从句
4 population 人口，居民 常用large或small来修饰
5 happen 碰巧发生, 指偶
6 take the place of代替、、、的位置
7because 因为，连接从句
because of +n.\v-ing 短语
8 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
be strict in（ doing ）sth 对做某事要求严格
9increase by 表示：增加了、、、
10increase to+具体的增长后的数字
11 反义疑问句:前肯后否，前否后肯
12 carry out 实行，进行，执行
13 What’s the population of...?
=What’ the number of the people in ...?
14one child policy 独生子女政策
15developing country发展中国家
16 developed country 发达国家

17数字的读法来试着总结一下：
1）三个数字为一组
2) 百位和十位之间用and连接（如果没有十位，百位和各位之间也用and连）
2）thousand （三位数前）million（六位数前）billion（九位数前）
18cause;引起，导致=bring about
19分数：母序子基，
分子大于1，分母加s
四分之一亦作： a quarter
二分之一亦作： a half
20be short of 缺乏
21be short for 是、、、的缩写
22be known as =be famous as作为、、、而闻名
23be famous for因为、、、而闻名
be famous in在、、方面而闻名
24work well in doing sth.做的好
25take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
26 offer to do sth. 主动提出要做某事
offer sb sth 给某人提供某物
27prefer: 更喜欢
1）prefer A to B 和A比较更喜欢B
2) prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某
3）prefer to do rather than do sth.宁愿而不
28 called =named= with the name of 叫做
29 unless 除非，如果不= if not
30 a couple of 一对，一双，夫妇
31 a place of interest一处名胜
32现在完成时态二：
1现在完成时不能和明确的表示过去的时间状语联用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1999等，它们适用与一般过去时。
2）常与不明确的过去时间状语联用：already, yet, just, before, ever, lately, once等。
Unit 1Topic3
1how do you like...?
= what do you think of ...?
2get used to (doing) sth.
习惯于做某事
3 used to do sth.过去总是做某事
4 be used to do sth 被用作、、、
5 since and for
since:1）since+过去某一时间点或句子如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
2) since +一段时间+ ago
3) since +从句
for+一段时间
6 is called 被称为
7 success n.
successful adj.
successfully adv.
succeed v. 成功
succeed in doing sth.成功做事
收藏 分享

Unit 2Topic1
1 be harmful to sb.\sth.对某人物有害
2 there be +sth\sb doing sth 有某人或某物正在做某事
3 pour...into ..把、、、倒入、、、
4 a waste of time 浪费时间
5 influence v. 对、、、有影响
6 hold one’s breath. 摒住呼吸
7 take a deep breath深呼吸
8 in a bad mood坏心情
9 in a good mood 好心情
10 can’t stand sth\doing sth.
不能容忍（做）某事
11 hope +从句
wish sb to do sth
hope to do sth
12take drugs 吸毒
表示服药都用 take 或have ,不用eat.
13so that 结果状语从句
14 not all .部分否定“不是所有的、、
15 quite a few 许多大量
16 it is reported \it is said 据报道\据说
17 no better than 和、几乎一样坏
18 do (great) harm to 对、、、有害
19 have an (no) effect on sth.
对某事有（没）影响
20 many kinds of许多种
21 be bad for 对、、、有害
22 greener people 环保者
23 high blood pressure 高血压
24直接引语变间接引语
1）若直接引语引号里的内容是陈述句，那么改为间接时，要用连词 (that)
2）一般疑问句要用连词 if/whether (不可以省略) 去掉引号加if（或whether）， 陈述语序要记住。 时态、人称和状语， 小心变化别马虎。
3）特殊疑问句要用连词 wh- 即特殊疑问词本身（不可省）直接去引号， 陈述莫忘掉。 助动do（does）、did， 一定要去掉。
时态：直接引语变间接引语时态对应转换表
直接引语时态 间接引语时态
一般现在时→ 一般过去时
一般将来时→ 过去将来时
现在进行时→ 过去进行时
一般过去时→ 过去完成时
现在完成时→ 过去完成时
过去完成时→ 过去完成时
Unit 2Topic2
1 as a result 结果
2 something useful有用的东西
3 none of 一个也没有
4 here and there 到处
5 care for=take care of 照顾
6 change into变成
7 stop\prevent…from doing阻止
8 cut down砍倒
9 human beings人类
10 millions of数百万的
11 take away拿走
12 the level of 、、的水平
13 refer to 涉及到
14 take up占据
15 deal with处理
16 不定代词：
some\any\no\every+
thing\one\body\where
(谓三，定后)
Unit 2Topic3
1 work for 为、、、工作
2 it’s \was +|adj+of\for sb to do sth.
3 be supposed to do sth 应该
4并列连词
and 表示并列or 表示选择，否则
while 表示对比 but表示转折
5 ought to 情态动词+动原
6 on time 按时，准时
7 make sure of 弄清楚、、
8 make sure +从句
9 in time ，及时
10 on time 按时
11 nuclear energy 原子核能源
12 one of + 名词复数（谓三）
13 biogas technology 生物气技术
14 rennewable energy可再生资源
15 1990s 20世纪90年代
16 the best-known最着名的
17 how often 多长时间一次（频率）
18 how long 多长时间（回答时间短）
19 how soon 多久（多用将来时回答）
20 how far 多远（距离）
Unit3Topic1
1 stick to 坚持坚守+名词
2 stick to+ving 坚持做某事
3一般现在时被动语态:
S+is/am/are+及物动词过去分词
4 one day 将来有一天、过去的一天
5 some day 只表示将来有一天
6 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待7 have a （good） chance to do sth 有（好）机会做某事
8 have no chance to do sth.
没机会做某事
9 throughout the world 全世界
10 try\do one’s best to do竭尽所能做某事
11 from now on 从现在开始
12 pleased with 对、、、满意
13 on business 出差
14 be similar to 和、、、相似
15 be the same as 和、、、一样
16 It’s possible that+ 从句
17 have (no) trouble \difficulty （in） doing sth.
做某事（没）有麻烦
18 be in trouble 处于不幸苦恼
19 if necessary如果有必要
20 translate...into...翻译
21 ask sb for help 向某人求助
22 study n.研究书房 v 学习
23 show sb the way to指路
24 show sb +疑问词+ to do
25a number of 许多+复数名词
26 the number of…、、、的总数(谓三)
27 regard …as…把、、、看作、、、=consider…as…
28含有情态动词的被动语态，
结构：情态动词can,may,should等+be+及物动词的过去分词
否定：应在情态动词后面加not；
疑问：应将情态动词移到句首
29 in the nineteenth century. 表示世纪in the +序数词+century
30 take the leading position
处于领先地位
Unit3Topic2
1 follow the doctor’s advice
遵医嘱
2 say hello to sb 向某人问好
3 different adj. difference n. differently adv.
4 be different from
5 English-speaking countries
讲英语的国家
6 spoken English 英语口语
7用现在进行时态表将来，有意图打 算安排的含义，比较生动，所常用的动词有：(come go start leave arrive ...)
8 depend on 视、、、而定，取决于、、、
9 make +宾语+过去分词：
make myself understood
使、、、怎么样 表示被动的含义
10人做主语 need to do
11物做主语need doing
=need to be done
12 What do you mean?
= what’s your meaning?
13see sb off =send sb off 送别
14the way to去、、的路
15with his thumb rais手指向上
16reach get to arrive at（小\in 大）到达
17clam down 冷静
18 send sb sth=send sth to sb
给某人寄，发送、、、
19 in twenty minutes 20分钟后 in+时间段 用于将来时
20 Are you kidding?
21 be worried about sth\sb
对、、、担心
22 generally speaking 一般来说，
23 as for sb\sth 至于某人某物
24 frist floor 一楼
second floor 二楼 （美式英语）
ground floor 一楼
first floor 二楼
second floor 三楼（英式英语）
25though =although=even though
虽然，尽管
26 be close to 靠近
27 ask for a ride 搭乘
28 give sb a ride 捎某人一段路
29 come about 发生
30 be forced to do sth 被迫做、、、
31 in the beginning 最初，起初
32German 德语，德国人
Germany 德国
变复数：中日不变英法变，
其他S在后面German--Germans 33 write to sb 给某人写信
34 in the past +时间段 ，在过去的、、、，通常用于现在完成时
35 I’m going. 我要走了
（现在进行时除表现在外，还可以表示将来。现在进行时表将来时常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感）
Unit3Topic3
1 have long conversations with 与、、、常谈
2 work hard at...在、、、努力
3 oral English=spoken English
口语
4 in public
5 sleepy adj 困的，欲睡的；
asleep adj. 熟睡的，睡着的；sleepless adj失眠的
sleep v.n 睡；
sleeper n.睡的很沉的人.
6 be afraid of doing（自己也无法左右的突发事情）
be afraid to do
7 it seems that +从句
= sb \sth seems to do 似乎好像
8 I don’t know what to do.
疑问词+动词不定式做宾语
9 at times 有时
10 feel like+n.\pron.\ doing sth =would like +n\pron\to do sth. 喜欢，想要
11 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
12 keep a diary 记日记 （有习惯） write a diary 写一篇日记
13 I beg your pardon. 对不起，请原谅
14 give sb some advice(n.) on \about...给某人一些有关、、、的建议
15 do lots of listening practice
做大量听力训练
16 breathe v. breath
17 wonder v.想知道=want to know
18 the best time to do sth.
做某事最好的时间
19 advise(v.) sb to do sth.
建议某人做某事
20 hold （have）a class meeting
开班会
21 in one’s opinion 依某人的看法
22 It’s an honor to do sth.
做某事感到荣幸
23 Good job! = Well done!
24 remember to do \doing
(forget to do\doing)
25 as long as 只要=only if
26 agree with sb同意某人的意见
27 agree to do sth同意做某事
28 agree on sth 同意某事
29 belive in sb 信任某人
belive sb 相信某人
30 not always 未必，不一定
31 last but not least 最后但同样重要
32 keep （on） doing sth.
一直不断地做某事
33 keep sb doing th
让某人一直做某事
34 总结：wh-+ to do
wh-指when where what which who whom 及how ,他们和动词不定式联用, 即为wh-+to do 结构，在句中常用作主语表语或宾语
Unit4Topic1
1the legend about 有关、、、的传说
2 be known to 被、、、知道了
3 dream of doing sth 梦想做、、
后也可直接+n.\pron. 梦见、、、
4make great progress in (doing)sth 在某方面取得巨大进步
5 achieve one’s dream 实现，成就某人的梦想
6 speed n.速度 at a high speed 高速 7 at a speed of 以、、、的速度
8 in every direction 向四面八方
9 introction n. 介绍
introce v.介绍，引进
10 introce...to sb把、、、介绍给、、、、
11 expect sb to do sth
期望某人做某事
12 a kind of all kinds of
many different kinds of
13 others 泛指其他的 the others
特指其他的，后不接名词
other 泛指其他的 the other特指其他的 后可加名词
other+名词=others
the other+名词=the others
14究竟，到底
15 add ...to...加，增加
16 on earth 在地球上
17 there is no doubt 毫无疑问
18 place and cancel orders
下订单和取消订单
19 come into being
出现， 产生，开始存在
20 instead of 代替，而不是
21 for instance =for example 例如
such as 常指列举同类事物
22 one’s own 某人自己的
23 follow sb to do sth
跟着某人去做某事
24 type （it） in 把它输入
25 conect ...to \with
把、、、和、、、连接
26 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭
turn up大声 turn down 小声
（各种开关）
Unit4Topic2
1 be allowed to do sth.
被允许做某事
2 allow sb to do sth.
允许某人做某事
3 too much 太多，即可修饰不可数名词也可修饰动词名前动后
4 much too放在形容词和副词之前，太、、、 much too long 太长
much too fast太快
5 show sth to sb = show sb sth
把某物给某人看
6 show sb around 带领某人参观
7 be made of 看得出原材料
8 be made from 看不出原材料
9 be made in 在、、、制造
10 be made by sb 由某人制造
11 be used for 被用来做
12 be used by 被谁所用
13 be used to do 被用来做、、、
14 in people’s daily life
在人们的日常生活
15 it’s said that 据说，听说
16 ring one’s life 某人的一生
17 go this way 这边请
18 was created 被创造
19 DNA脱氧核糖核酸
20 has been used
现在完成时的被动语态
结构：have\has +been+动分
21 no one 用来指认其后不能接of ,用作主语时谓语动词用单三
22 none不仅指认也可指物，其后常接of短语
23 none用来回答how many no one 用来回答who
24 know\say for certain 确切的知道
25 be surprised at \by +名词、代词 为、、、而感到惊讶
26 be surprised to do sth.
为、、、而感到惊讶
27 think for oneself 独立思考
28 think to oneself 自己心里想
29 warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事
30 Warn sb about\of sth 警告某人某事
31Warn sb against doing sth
=warn sb not to sth
警告某人不做某事
32 no longer 不再=not …any longer
33 treat sb\sth as\like sth.
以、、、的方式对待
34 be meant to do sth.应该做某事特别是应某人的吩咐或根据职责
35 in the …field 在、、、领域
36 make a contribution(s) to
sth.\doing sth.为、、、做贡献
37 in…direction 按、朝、、、的放心
38 work well 奏效，起作用
39总结：一般过去时的被动语态was\were +动词的过去分词
40 work as 从事某种职业
41 work on、upon 从事，忙于
42 the rest 剩余的部分+ of+名词
43 lose one’s way=get lost 迷路
44 work out 计算，算出
Unit4Topic3
1 be able to 的意义等同于can,
但是can 没有将来时和完成时
2 be able to 与can 不能重叠使用
3 What fun! 多么有趣啊！
4 not…until… 直到、、、才、、、
5 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect 否定前移
6 with one’s own eyes 亲眼所见
7 on the radio 通过收音机
8 discover v.发现invent v.发明
9 find out 找出
1
0 base… on 以、、、为根据
11 decide to do sth. 决定做某事
decide on sth 决定某事
12 name…after… 以、的名字给、、、取名
13 be named after (被动语态)
14 at a distance of 相隔
15 at a distance 在远处
16 two-fifths as strong as
相当于、、、的五分之二强度
17 half as big as 像、、、一半那样大
18 twice as long as 像、、、两倍那样长
19 what’s worse 更糟的是、、、
20 What’s more 更有甚者，而且
21…there has been… 已经有、、、
22 there may be 可能有
23 there will be=there is going to be 将要有
24 alone 单独，独自一个人，不含感情色彩
25 lonely指内心的孤独，地方的荒无人烟，又浓重的感情色彩
26 总结：含有情态动词的被动语态
结构：情态动词+be+动分
否：在情态动词后直接+not
疑：把情态动词提前

参考资料：网络文库

⑵ 九年级上册英语复习

一、快读查疑.首先浏览课本,遇到较为生疏的、已被遗忘的词语,集中抄在一个本上,以便随时复习,重点记忆. 二、以点带面.以一个单词或语言点为中心,向四周辐射,找出与之相关的词语和用法.比如,学习一个名词,应知道它是可数的还是不可数的；如果是可数名词,其复数形式怎样变化；是不可数名词,又应怎样使用；它有没有动词形式或形容词形式.再如一个动词,其第三人称单数形式、现在分词形式是怎样变化的?应如何使用?有没有固定用法?运用这个方法,可以得到举一反三、事半功倍的良好效果.如纵向方面,每一个单词的读音、拼写和用法如何,某一个语法现象是怎么回事；横向方面,如同音词有I-eye,meat-meet,where-wear等；同义句Could you give me a hand?-Could you help me?；反义词bring-take,in-out,现在进行时与一般现在时的对比等等. 三、归纳比较.将同类的知识点归纳在一起,比较其相同点和不同点.比如,表示“带、拿”的几个词：take, bring, get, carry, 应如何区别运用?in, on, at怎样表达不同的时间?一定要掌握它们的细微差别,并能熟练运用.

⑶ 初三上册英语第一单元语法要点翻译

重要短语归纳：
1.go on vacation去度假 2.stay at home待在家里
3.go to the mountains去爬山 4.go to the beach去海滩
5.visit museums 参观博物馆 6.go to summer camp去参观夏令营
7.quite a few相当多 8.study for为……而学习
9.go out出去 10.most of the time大部分时间
11.taste good尝起来很好吃 12.come up出来,发生
13.of course当然 14.feel like给……的感觉；感受到
15.go shopping去购物 16.in the past在过去
17.walk around四处走走 18.because of因为
19.one bowl of… 一碗…… 20.the next day第二天
21.drink tea喝茶 22.find out找出；查明
23.go on继续 24.take photos照相
25.something important重要的事 26.up and down上上下下
27.have a good time玩得高兴=enjoy oneself=have great fun

⑷ 外研社九年级英语上册主要讲了什么语法知识点

外研社九年级英语上册语法知识点:

1. What are you up to? 你在做什么?
2. Would you like a hand …? 你想要帮忙吗?
3. have a look at … 看一看…
4. in the centre of …. 在…的中央
5. on our way back from… 在我们从…回来的路上
6. I bet you do! 我打赌你会做到的。
7. only once + 句子 只有在…的条件下才行
Unit 2
1.take a helicopter tour
take/ go on a… tour 表示进行…旅途
goon a camel ride 骑骆驼旅游
2. be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶
Tom wassurprised at the result of the exam.
be surprised todo sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
Tom wassurprised to hear the news.
3. at different times of the day 在每天的不同时刻
4. in many ways 在很多方面
They are likeus in many ways.
in differentways 用不同的方法
I can work out this math problem indifferent ways.
ina way 在某种程度上来说
Ina way,that can be compared with the introction of the Internet in the 20thcentury.
by theway 顺便说一下
5. be similar to 与…相似
Hisanswer is similar to mine.
6. have a good/bad temper
有好/坏脾气
Miss Li is very kind. She has a good temper.
7. keep doing sth. 不断做某事
It keepsraining these days.
Mole8 Unit 1
1. at the back/front 在后面/前面
on the left/right 在左边/右边
2. over 越过
climb over the wall 爬过这道墙
see over the people 越过人群看
3. enter the competition
=take part in the competition 参加比赛
4. You bet! (口语)当然!
5. get sb. doing sth.
= make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
How did you get thecamera working?
= How did you makethe camera work?
6. How did you get on? 你进展怎样?
get on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽
get on well with sth. 某事进展顺利
He gets on well with his classmates.
Mary didn’t get on well with her work.
7. be in with a chance to dosth.
= have a chance to do sth. 有机会去做某事
8. have gone = bemissing
= be lost = get lost 不见了，失踪了
My watch has gone.
=My watch is missing.
= My watch is/gets lost.
9. You are kidding! 你在开玩笑吧!
10. expect to do sth. 期待，料到去做某事
11. pick up sth. 捡起某物
pick up sb. 接人
My father picks me up everyday.
Unit 2
1. be pleased with sb./sth.
对某人/某物感到满意
2. even though + 句子
= even if + 句子
即使…(对虚拟的情况进行让步)
I won’t go to the party even though/ifI have time.
即使我有时间我也不会去参加聚会的。
though = although
虽然…(对现实的情况进行让步)
I didn’t go to the party though/although Ihad time.
虽然我有时间，但是我没有去参加聚会。
3.read on 继续读
动词+on 表示继续做某事
4.know … well 对…熟悉
5. manage to do sth. 设法去做某事
We managed to get what we wanted.
我们设法得到了我们想要的东西。
6. a collection of 一组…
7. work on sth. 从事…
8. Congratulations tosb. 祝贺某人
9. present the prize 颁奖
give prizes to sb. 给某人颁奖
which, who 引导的定语从句
Mole9 Unit 1
1. Oh dear! 天啊!
2. It’s no laughingmatter.
这不是什么可笑的事情。
3. over there 在那边
4. have a word with sb. 和某人说句话
5. That’s good news. 这是个好消息。
news是不可数名词，前面不能加a
可以加量词 a piece of news
two pieces of news
6. Here you are. 给你。
7. be in deep trouble 有大麻烦
Unit 2
1. orange-and-white 黄白相间的
black-and-white 黑白的
2. win the heard of … 赢得…的心
3. a group of 一群…
4. He eats as many peachesas he likes.
他喜欢吃多少桃子就吃多少。
as … as possible 尽可能…
as early as possible 尽早
5. make a mess 弄得一团糟
6. ever since + 句子 自从…
7. translate … into … 把…翻译成…
8. have sth. done (bysb.)
把某物让别人…了
We hadthe machine mended.
我们把机器让人修好了。
He hashad his hair cut.
他把头发请人给他剪了。
9.选择疑问句：
在一般疑问句后加or …构成选择疑问句。
选择疑问句不能回答Yes或No，要选择其中一个进行回答。如：
--Are you in Class 1 or Class 2?
--I’m in Class 1.
/I’m in Class 2.
/Neither, I’m in Class 5.
10. 在定从中，当先行词是人和事物时，关系代词只能用that。如：
I often think of thepersons and things that I saw in the journey.
我经常想起在旅途中遇见的人和事物。
定从中只能用that的情况
1. 当先行词是everything, anything,nothing, something, all, none, few, little, 等代词时，只能用that。如：
Have you taken down everythingthat Mr. Li said?
你记下李老师讲的一切了吗?
All that can be done hasbeen done.
所有能做的都做好了。
2. 当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰的时候，只能用that。如：
The first place that theyvisited in London was the Big Ben.
他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
This is the best film thatI have ever seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
3. 当主句有who, which等疑问词时，定从只能用that引导。如：
Who is the man thatis standing over there?
站在那边的人是谁?
Which is the T-Shirt thatyou bought?
你买的T恤是哪一件?
4. 当先行词是人和事物时，关系代词只能用that。如：
I often think of the persons and things thatI saw in the journey.
我经常想起在旅途中遇见的人和事物。
Mole 10Unit 1
1. a bit + 形容词= a little 形容词
表示“有点…”
I’m a bit tired. =I’m a little tired.
我有点累了。
a little + 不可数名词
a bit of + 不可数名词
There is a littletime left.
= There is a bit oftime left.
还剩下一点时间。
2. give up 放弃
give up doingsth. 放弃做某事
My father gaveup smoking 2 years ago.
我爸爸2年前戒烟了。
3. stay fit = keep fit 保持健康
4.need to do sth. 需要做某事
5. take exercise 做运动
exercise 表示“锻炼”时是不可数名词，
表示练习时，是可数名词
doing morning exercise 做晨练
do eye exercise 做眼操
These maths exercises arevery difficult.
这些数学习题很难。
6. go running 去跑步
go swimming 去游泳
go sightseeing 去观光
7. talk to sb. 跟某人说话
talk with sb. 跟某人交谈
8. nearly adv. 几乎，差不多
Nearly 300 students entered thecompetition.
差不多300个学生参加了比赛。
The car nearly hitthe man.
车差点撞到那个男子。
9. not … any more 不再…
10. bump into sb. 碰见
I bumped into an old friendyesterday.
昨天我碰见一个老朋友。
Unit 2
1. know about 了解
2. include v.包括
including 介词. 可以做伴随状语
Your ties includedoing the cleaning and cooking.
你的职责包括做清洁和做饭。
Manypeople like pop music including my grandpa.
很多人都喜欢流行音乐，包括我爷爷。
3.persuade sb. (not) to do sth.
说服某人做(不要做)某事
My father persuadedme not to join the club. 爸爸劝说我不要参加那个俱乐部。
4.ban … from … 禁止…进入…
ban … fromdoing sth. 禁止…做某事
Mobile phonesmust be banned from schools. 应该禁止带手机进入学校。
The policemanbanned him from driving.
警察禁止他开车。
5. a TV programme showed his visits to theschool. 一个电视节目播放了他的这次学校之行。
(这里visit是名词，后面的to the school是定语)
6. get/have sth. done 把某物给…了
get things done 把事情做了。
I’ll have/get my computerrepaired.
我要把电脑给修了。
7. put on weight 增加体重
loseweight 减肥
8. in order todo sth. 为了…
What do yousometimes have to do in order to get fit?
有时候你不得不做什么来健身呢?
whose引导的定从
当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系时，就用whose引导定从。如：
There is a boy in our team.
The boy’s parents want him to go to a
sports school.
--- There is a boy in our team whoseparents want him to go to a sports school.
通常包含whose引导的定从的句子可以
译成两句汉语。如以上句子可以译成：
在我们队里有个男孩，他的父母想让他参加体校。
先行词是人是物都可以用whose引导，如：
1)He is the only student in our class
whose father is a policeman.
他是我们班唯一一个爸爸是警察的学生。
2)The desk whose leg is broken will
be repaired.
那张断了只脚的桌子将被拿去修理。
Mole 11
数字的写法和读法
1.1—10
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten
2. 11—20
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen
nineteen twenty
3. 几十
twenty thirty forty fifty
sixty seventy eighty ninety
注意：four要去掉u再加ty; nine直接加ty
只有变为序数词时nine要去e加th.
4. 几十几
注意：十位数和十位数之间要加连字符
twenty-six ninety-seven
5. 百位数和十位数之间可以加and也可以不加。当十位数为零时，一定要加and
156 one hundred (and) fifty-six
509 five hundred and nine
6. 英语里每三个数为一个单位，用一个逗号隔开。第一个逗号为thousand(千);第二个逗号为million(百万);第三个逗号为billion(十亿)。如：
7. 表示具体数字时，hundred,thousand million,billion不能加s;表达一个大概的数字时，可以加s fivethousand students 五千个学生 thousandsof students 好几千个学生
8. 序数词的构成;在基数词后加th
特殊变化的序数词： first second third fifth eighth ninth twelfth twentieth
9. 整十的数字把y改为ie再加th twentieth fiftieth
10. 几十几的数字只用把个位数变成序数词 twenty-first sixty-fourth
11.分数的表达：
分子用基数词，分母用序数词。
当分子大于1时，分母要复数。
1/3 one third
1/2 a half
1/4 one fourth = a quarter
3/10 threetenths
Mole11 Unit 1
1. What’s the population of…?
某地的人口有多少?
Thepopulation is big/large.
人口多。
(注意：形容人口多不能用many来修饰population;people才能用many来修饰)
2. along with = togetherwith
连同，与…在一起
Tintinhas been to many places along with his dog.
3. look up 查看，查(字典)
I’ll lookup the word in the dictionary.
4. comp up 出现，进行
He cameup at last.
最后他出现了。
Thesports meeting will come up next month.
下个月将进行运动会。
5. thanks to 多亏
Thanksto the policeman, the boy was found.
多亏了警察，孩子被找到了。
thanksto = because of 由于
Unit 2
1. over + 时间 表示“在…期间”
overthe last 50 years 在上个50年间
over the past 10 years 在过去的10年间
2. in the distance 在远处
3. be close to … 靠近…
4. no + 单数名词= not a +单数名词
No + 复数名词 = not any + 复数名词
Thereis no student in the classroom.
= Thereisn’t a student in the classroom.
Thereare no clouds in the sky.
= Therearen’t any clouds in the sky.
5. room 作可数名词时表示“房间”
作不可数名词时表示“空间”
Thereare 3 rooms in my house.
我家有3间房。
Thereis little room for the desk.
没有空间来放这张桌子了。
6. close down 关闭，倒闭
7. add to 增加
8. run 可以表示“经营，管理”
runa company 经营一个公司
run acity 管理一个城市
9. protect … from …
保护…不受…(的侵害)
protect people fromcrime
保护人民不受不法活动的侵害
Mole12 Unit 1
1. give a warm welcome to sb.
热烈欢迎某人
welcome 既可以做动词也可以做名词
Let’s welcome Tomto our class.
2. be pleased/happy to do sth.
高兴去做某事
3. as a pupil = when I was a pupil
当我是个学生的时候
4. my time here was very important.
我在这里的时间是非常重要的。
句中的here作定语，修饰time，要后置。
The people thereare very friendly.
那里的人们很友善。
5. free adj. 自由的，有空的，免费的
The bird is free inthe sky.
鸟儿在天空很自由。
Are you free thisSunday?
这个星期天你有空吗?
The food there is free.
那里的食物是免费的。
6. each 表示“每个”
做形容词时等于every，但each 强调“个体”，every 强调“整体”。如：
Each/Everystudent has an English book.
每个学生都有一本英语书。
(用every student 表达相当于 all the students )
each还可以作副词，不能用every替代。如：
They earned 100dollars each.
他们每人赚了100美元。
7.watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事
Unit 2
1. experience n. 经验(u.n.)，经历(c.n.)
experience v. 体验
experienced adj. 有经验的
He has much experiencein teaching.
他有丰富的教学经验。
Please tell me your experiencesin Africa.
请告诉我你在非洲的经历。
Have you ever experiencedpoorness?
你有没有经历过贫穷?
He is an experiencedteacher.
他是一个有经验的教师。
2. up to + 数字 直到，至多
We can invite up to 20people.
我们可以邀请至多20个人。
3. progress 进展(不可数名词)
makeprogress with/in sth.
在某方面取得进步
I’ve made progresswith/in English.
我的英语已经有了进步。
4. take place 发生, 进行(没有被动语态)
The story took place on acold winter morning.
这个故事发生在一个寒冷的冬天的早上。
The training course will takeplace next week.
这个培训课程下周开始。
5. choose to do sth. 选择去做某事
6. a place of interest
名胜(在place这里变复数)
Howmany places of interest have you been to?
你去过多少个名胜了?
7. fill in 填写
fill in the blanks 填空
fill in the form 填表
fill sth. with sth. 用…装满…
8. where 引导的定从
当先行词在定从中做地点状语时，用where来引导。where = 介词+which。如：
Do you know the factory whereyour father works?
= Do you know the factory whichyour father works in?
你知道你爸爸工作的工厂吗?

⑸ 初三英语上册知识点

期末复习：语法复习

动词不定式
一. 定义：
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

二. 动词不定式的构成：to+动词原形

三. 动词不定式作宾语
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。
We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。
The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点）
1. 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：
remember to do 记住要做某事
remember doing 记得曾经做过某事
forget to do忘记要做某事
forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事
stop to do 停下来去做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
go on to do 继续做另一件事
go on doing 继续做原来在做的事
I remember seeing you somewhere before.
我记得以前在哪儿见过你。
Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.
离开时请记得关好灯。
2. 不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。
如：He found it very difficult to get to sleep.
他发现很难入睡。

四. 动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. 后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。
The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。
I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。
We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。
2. 使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。
Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。
I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。
感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。
I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。（说明他下楼了这件事）
I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。（说明他下楼时的情景）

五. 动词不定式作状语
Later he left home to work in different cities. 不久他离开家到不同的城市工作。
He went to see a football match. 他去看足球比赛了。
In order to catch the other students, I must work hard.
为了赶上其他同学，我必须努力学习。

六. 动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语一般放在所修饰的词的后面。
I need something to eat.
Do you have something to read?
Tom was so excited that he had no word to say.
He is really a fool only to eat.
The man to stand here just now is our English teacher.
The doctor had no way to save the patient.
注意：
（1）作定语的不定式是由及物动词组成，被修饰的名词或代词与不定式之间存在方位或方式关系需要有介词。
I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间住房。（方位关系）
We have many things to do experiments with.
我们有许多做实验的东西（方式关系）
（2）作定语的不定式是由“be + adj + prep”构成的动词短语。
Here there isn’t any book for me to be interested in.
We have done many things to proud of. 我们做了许多引以自豪的事。

七. 动词不定式作主语
To give is better than to receive.
To reach there on foot is impossible.
动词不定式作主语时，可以用it 代替，把实际主语不定式放在后面。
It’s better to give than to receive.
It’s impossible to reach there on foot.
It’s + adj + for sb. to do sth.
It’s not difficult for me to study English well.
It’s easy for him to work out this math problem.
在这个句型中，如果形容词与不定式的逻辑主语关系密切，并且形容词用来说明逻辑主语的性质、品质、特点等，由of引出逻辑主语。这类形容词主要有nice, kind, good, wrong, right等。

八. 动词不定式和疑问词连用
动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how, where, when连用，构成不定式短语，可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
How to do is still a question.
Have you decided when to leave?

九. 动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not；不带to的不定式则在动词前加not. 如：
Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 张明要我不要整天呆在家里。
My mother let me not do it by myself. 妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。

被动语态
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态（The Active Voice）表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态（The Passive Voice）表示主语是动作的承受者。
构成：承受者+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般现在时：承受者+助动词am / is/are +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般过去时：承受者+助动词was / were +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词shall / will be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词 have/ has been+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+ can /may/must/should +be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
被动语态用法：
1）当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁，或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时，需用被动语态。
2）当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
3）如果需要说出动作的执行者, 用by引导出动作的执行者。
主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
主动语态变为被动语态时有以下几种情况：
1）主语＋谓语动词＋宾语
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
（主动）We bought a book yesterday.
（被动）The book was bought yesterday.
2）主语＋谓语动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
将主动语态中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。多数情况下将间接宾语变为主语。如果直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前要加介词to / for。
（主动）He showed me a book yesterday.
（被动）I was showed a book yesterday.
（被动）The book was showed to me yesterday.
3）主语＋谓语动词＋复合宾语
含有一个由宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语，变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语保留不变，成为主语补足语。
（主动）I found him a good pupil. （宾语补足语）
（被动）He was found a good pupil. （主语补足语）
4）短语动词变为被动语态
有些短语动词相当于一个及物动词，其后可以接宾语，因此它们也有被动语态，但短语动词是不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时不可去掉其后面的介词或副词。
（主动）We should look after the patients very well.
（被动）The patients should be looked after very well by us.
5）宾语从句变为被动语态
若主动语态中是宾语从句，变为被动语态时常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。
It’s said that he passed the exam.
被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题：
（1）不及物动词带介词和介词宾语，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。
（主动）The students in class listen to the teacher carefully.
（被动）The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.
（2）当动词带有复合宾语时，并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”。
（主动）They make do all the work.
（被动）We were made to do all the work.
（主动）We often hear her sing English songs.
（被动）She is often heard to sing English songs.
（主动）I see him walk to school.
（被动）He is seen to walk to school.

⑹ 九年级上册英语词组和句型归纳（外研版）

Unit 1 重点词组： 1.by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡 2. ask…for help 向某人求助 3.read aloud 朗读 4.that way (=in that way) 通过那种方式 5.improve my speaking skills 提高我的会话技巧 6.for example (=for instance)例如 7.have fun 玩得高兴 8.have conversations with friends 与朋友对话 9.get excited 高兴，激动 10.end up speaking in Chinese 以说汉语结束对话 11.do a survey about… 做有关…的调查 12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔记 13.spoken English (= oral English) 英语口语 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确 16.practise speaking English 练习说英语 17.first of all 首先 18.begin with 以…开始 19.later on 随后 20.in class在课堂上 21.laught at 嘲笑 22.take notes 记笔记 23.enjoy doing 喜欢干… 24.write down 写下，记下 25.look up (v + adv) 查找，查询 26.native speakers 说本族话的人 27.make up 编造，虚构，化妆，打扮 28.around the world 全世界 29.deal with 对待，处理，解决 30.worry about (be worried about) 担心，担忧 31.be angry with 生某人的气 32.stay angry 生气 33.go by 消逝 34. regard…as… 把…当做… 35.complain about/of 抱怨 36. change…into… 把…变成… （= turn into） 37.with the help of 在…的帮助下 38. compare…to (with)… 把…和…作比较 39.think of (think about) 想起，想到 40.physical problems身体上的问题 41.break off 中断，突然终止 42. not…at all 根本不，全然不 Unit 2 重点词组： 1. be more interested in 对…更感兴趣. 2. on the swim team 游泳队的队员. 3. be terrified of 害怕. 4. gym class 体操课. 5. worry about. 担心. 6. all the time 一直, 总是 7. chat with 与…闲聊 8. hardly ever 几乎从不 9. walk to school = go to school on foot take the bus to school = go to school by bus 步行去学校 10. as well as 不仅…而且 11. get into trouble 遇到麻烦 12. make a decision 做出决定 13. to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 14. take pride in 为…感到骄傲 15. pay attention to 留心, 注意 16. consist of 由…组成/构成. be made up of 由…组成/构成. 17. instead of 代替, 而不是 18. in the end 最后, 终于 19. play the piano 弹钢琴 Unit 3 重点词组： 1. be allowed to do sth 被允许干… allow sb to do sth 允许某人干… allow doing sth 允许干… 2.sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and g

⑺ 求九年级上册英语重点难点知识归纳

Unit 1 复习要点
一、短语。
1. by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡 2. ask…for help 向某人求助
3. read aloud 朗读 4. that way (=in that way) 通过那种方式
5. improve my speaking skills 提高我的会话技巧
6. for example 例如 7. have fun doing sth 玩得高兴
8. have conversations with friends 与朋友对话9. get excited about 为…高兴，激动
10.end up speaking in Chinese 以说汉语结束对话
11.do a survey about… 做有关…的调查 12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔记
13.spoken English (= oral English) 英语口语 14.make mistakes in sth 在… 犯错误
15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确 16.practise speaking English 练习说英语
17.first of all 首先 18.begin with 以…开始
19.later on 随后 20.in class 在课堂上
21.laugh at 嘲笑 22.take notes 记笔记
23.enjoy doing 喜欢干… 24.write down 写下，记下
25.look up (v + adv) 查找，查询 26.native speakers 说本族话的人
27.make up 编造，虚构，化妆，打扮 28.around the world 全世界
29.deal with 对待，处理，解决 30.worry about (be worried about) 担心，担忧
31.be angry with 生某人的气 32.stay angry 生气
33.go by 消逝 34. regard…as… 把…当做…
35.complain about/of 抱怨 36. with the help of 在…的帮助下
37.compare…to (with)… 把…和…作比较 38.think of (think about) 想起，想到
39.physical problems 身体上的问题 40.break off 中断，突然终止
41.not…at all 根本不，全然不 42.make complete sentences 做完整的句子
43.join 加入某团体 并成为其中一员； join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。
44.be afraid of 害怕 be afraid to 害怕
45.have trouble in doing sth 做....有困难 46.study for a test 为考试用功
47. make vocabulary lists 做单词表 48. too …to… 太…而以致于不能做
49.watch English-language TV 看英语电视 50. to begin with 首先
51.take a lot of grammar notes 记大量的语法笔记
52.look up the words in a dictionary 查字（词）典
53.this kind of paper 这种纸 54.spend …on … 在…上花费（时间、金钱）
55.speak English as a second language 把英语当做第二语言来说
56.give up 放弃 57.in the future 在将来
二、句型。
1. How do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备？
2. I have learned a lot that way. 用那种方法，我已经学到了很多东西。
3. It’s too hard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声音太难了。
4. Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。
5. Wei Ming feels differently. 卫明有不同的感受。
6. He finds watching movies frustrating. 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧.
7. She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all.
她又说和朋友对话根本没用。
8.I don’t have a partner to practice English with. 我没有搭档一起练习英语。
9. Later on, I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word.
随后，我认识到听不懂每个词并没有关系。
10.It’s amazing how much this helped. 我惊异于这些方法竟如此有用。
11.My teacher is very impressed. 给老师留下了深刻的印象。
12.She had trouble making complete sentences. 她很难造出完整的句子。
13.What do you think you are doing? 你在做什么？
14.Most people speak English as a second language. 英语对于大多数人来说是第二语言。
15.How do we deal with our problem? 我们怎样处理我们的问题？
16.It is our ty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our ecation with the help of our teachers.
在老师的帮助下尽我们最大的努力来应对挑战是我们的责任。
三、语法。
1. 动词不定式
(1)做定语—后置
The best way to learn English is reading aloud.
The fastest way to travel is by plane
(2)与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系
I need a pen to write with.
I don’t have a partner to practice English with.
I need some paper to write on.
I don’t have a room to live in.
2. 动名词
(1)作主语（谓语为第三人称单数）
Memorizing the words of pop songs also helps a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。
Swimming is good for our health.
(2)作宾语
在动词(keep\practice\finish \enjoy\hate\be busy\mind) 后只用—ing 作宾语
Eg. We should keep speaking English in class.
He often practices singing in the morning.
I have finished reading the book.
Would you mind opening the door?
(3) 作定语 I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of the secrets……

Unit 2复习要点
一、短语。
1. used to 过去常常 2. be afraid of 害怕…
3. over here 在这边 4. be interested in 对…感兴趣
5. on the swim team 游泳队的队员. 6. be terrified of 惧怕…
7. go to sleep 入睡 8. all the time 一直
9. chat with… 和…聊天 10.stressed out 感到紧张
11.cause trouble/problems 惹麻烦 12.pay for 付款
13.look after 照顾 14.do sth. as well as sb. can 尽可能好地…
15.gym class 体操课 16.in the end 最终
17.make a decision 下决心 18.head teacher 班主任
19.talk with 和…谈论 20.to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
21.even though 尽管 22.no longer=not… any longer 不再
23.take pride in 对…感到自豪 24.pay attention to 对…注意
25.give up doing 放弃做… 26.change one’s mind 改变某人的主意
27.with the lights on 开着灯…. 28.chew gum a lot 经常咀嚼口香糖
29.spend time doing 花时间做… 30.take sb. to concerts 带某人去音乐会
31.daily life 日常生活 32.afford to do 负担得起
33.a seven-year-old boy 一个七岁大的男孩子34.be alone 单独
35.no more=not… any more 不再 36.get into trouble 遇到麻烦
37.get into trouble with 和…引起冲突. 38.worry about 担心
39.walk to school = go to school on foot 步行去上学
40.take the bus to school = go to school by bus 坐公车去上学
41.go right home 直接回家 42.waste time 浪费时间
43.play the piano 弹钢琴 44.speak in front of a group 在人群面前讲话
45. in the last few years 在过去的几年里 46.send messages 发信息
47.be able to 能够 48.be made up of … 由……组成的
49.sound like … 听起来像 50.instead of … 代替……
二、句型。
1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我以前害怕黑暗.
2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉.
3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends.
以前我常常花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏.
4.I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我几乎没有时间去听音乐会.
5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 在过去的几年里我的生活变化很大.
6.It will make you stressed out. 那会使你紧张的.
7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎变化很大.
三、语法。
1. used to 过去常常做某事,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态. 后跟动词原形.
否定形式为: didn’t use to 或 use not to / usedn’t to
疑问形式为: Did…use to…? 或 Used…to…?
Eg. I used to be really quiet.
I didn’t use to like tests.
Did you use to play the piano? Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.
=Use you to play the piano? Yes, I use. / No, I use not.
You used to be short, didn’t you? Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.
2. wear 表示状态. put on 表示动作. dress + 人 给某人穿衣服.
3. on the swim team on 是…的成员,在…供职.
4. Don’t you remember me? 否定疑问句.
Yes, I do. 不, 我记得. No, I don’t 是的, 我不记得了.
5. be terrified of 害怕的程度比 be afraid of 深.
6. miss: ① 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days.
② 错过, 未中, 未赶上, 未找到.
例: I’m sorry that you miss the bus.
7. no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾) 指次数;
no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指时间.
8. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot.
9. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常与can, be able to 连用.
例: Can you afford a new car?
His mother couldn’t afford to pay for her child’s ecation.
10. alone = by oneself 独自一人. lonely 孤独的, 寂寞的.
11. in the last/past + 一段时间
ring the last/past + 一段时间 与现在完成时连用.
12. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的) 只有这些了 (*^__^*)

⑻ 外研版九年级英语上7模块知识点

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

Here is our monthly article on a favourite great book. This month, our guest writer is Mr Jackson.

My favourite great book is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain.Tom lives with his aunt Polly in the quiet streets of St Petersburg, Missouri. He's a lively and clever young boy, and he finds himself in many exciting adeventures. He runs away with his two friends, Huck Finn and Joe, to an island in the middle of the Mississipi River for several days. With Huck he goes looking for treasure, with Becky he gets lost in a cave, and finally, they find a box of gold.

My favourite scene in the book is when everyone thinks Tom is dead. He decides to go to his own funeral. He hides and watches for a time, and then suddenly he apppears. Everyone is surprised to see him but they're also pleased to seee him alive.

Tom is the hero fo the story, but there are other important characters. Huck is an outsider and everyone is afraid of him. Becky is prety with fair hair, Joe is Tom's best friend, and Injun Joe is the badman of the story.

The themes of the story are to do with children growing up and becoming more serious. It describes how strangers are seen in small towns of America. Finally, it talks about freedom, social rules and how people are punished for bad behaviour.

Why do I think Tom Sawyer is a great book? Mark Twain wrote the story in 1876, but it's still read and loved by people all over the world today. And although it's only a story, Twain wrote it in the everyday English of the southern states of America in the 19th century, so it sounds very real. Today ti's thought to be one of the greatest books in American literature. GO on -- read it! I know you'll enjoy it, too.

⑼ 外研版初三英语上册复习提纲（要有重点句型、各种时态如何转换为被动时态、重点短语、本册书中常见的

飞过海