㈠ 初三英语上册知识点
期末复习:语法复习
动词不定式
一. 定义:
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语。同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
二. 动词不定式的构成:to+动词原形
三. 动词不定式作宾语
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有:agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。
We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。
The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项(2点)
1. 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语,也可跟动名词作宾语,但含义不同:
remember to do 记住要做某事
remember doing 记得曾经做过某事
forget to do忘记要做某事
forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事
stop to do 停下来去做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
go on to do 继续做另一件事
go on doing 继续做原来在做的事
I remember seeing you somewhere before.
我记得以前在哪儿见过你。
Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.
离开时请记得关好灯。
2. 不定式作宾语时,如带有宾语补足语,则要把不定式放到后面,用it作形式宾语,构成“主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”结构。
如:He found it very difficult to get to sleep.
他发现很难入睡。
四. 动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. 后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。
The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。
I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。
We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。
2. 使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。
Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。
I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。
感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补,也可跟v-ing作宾补,前者表示动作的全部过程已结束;后者表示动作正在进行。
I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。(说明他下楼了这件事)
I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。(说明他下楼时的情景)
五. 动词不定式作状语
Later he left home to work in different cities. 不久他离开家到不同的城市工作。
He went to see a football match. 他去看足球比赛了。
In order to catch the other students, I must work hard.
为了赶上其他同学,我必须努力学习。
六. 动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语一般放在所修饰的词的后面。
I need something to eat.
Do you have something to read?
Tom was so excited that he had no word to say.
He is really a fool only to eat.
The man to stand here just now is our English teacher.
The doctor had no way to save the patient.
注意:
(1)作定语的不定式是由及物动词组成,被修饰的名词或代词与不定式之间存在方位或方式关系需要有介词。
I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间住房。(方位关系)
We have many things to do experiments with.
我们有许多做实验的东西(方式关系)
(2)作定语的不定式是由“be + adj + prep”构成的动词短语。
Here there isn’t any book for me to be interested in.
We have done many things to proud of. 我们做了许多引以自豪的事。
七. 动词不定式作主语
To give is better than to receive.
To reach there on foot is impossible.
动词不定式作主语时,可以用it 代替,把实际主语不定式放在后面。
It’s better to give than to receive.
It’s impossible to reach there on foot.
It’s + adj + for sb. to do sth.
It’s not difficult for me to study English well.
It’s easy for him to work out this math problem.
在这个句型中,如果形容词与不定式的逻辑主语关系密切,并且形容词用来说明逻辑主语的性质、品质、特点等,由of引出逻辑主语。这类形容词主要有nice, kind, good, wrong, right等。
八. 动词不定式和疑问词连用
动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how, where, when连用,构成不定式短语,可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
How to do is still a question.
Have you decided when to leave?
九. 动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not;不带to的不定式则在动词前加not. 如:
Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 张明要我不要整天呆在家里。
My mother let me not do it by myself. 妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。
被动语态
英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态
主动语态(The Active Voice)表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态(The Passive Voice)表示主语是动作的承受者。
构成:承受者+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般现在时:承受者+助动词am / is/are +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般过去时:承受者+助动词was / were +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词shall / will be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词 have/ has been+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+ can /may/must/should +be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
被动语态用法:
1)当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁,或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,需用被动语态。
2)当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
3)如果需要说出动作的执行者, 用by引导出动作的执行者。
主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
主动语态变为被动语态时有以下几种情况:
1)主语+谓语动词+宾语
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(主动)We bought a book yesterday.
(被动)The book was bought yesterday.
2)主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
将主动语态中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。多数情况下将间接宾语变为主语。如果直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前要加介词to / for。
(主动)He showed me a book yesterday.
(被动)I was showed a book yesterday.
(被动)The book was showed to me yesterday.
3)主语+谓语动词+复合宾语
含有一个由宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语,变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语保留不变,成为主语补足语。
(主动)I found him a good pupil. (宾语补足语)
(被动)He was found a good pupil. (主语补足语)
4)短语动词变为被动语态
有些短语动词相当于一个及物动词,其后可以接宾语,因此它们也有被动语态,但短语动词是不可分割的整体,变为被动语态时不可去掉其后面的介词或副词。
(主动)We should look after the patients very well.
(被动)The patients should be looked after very well by us.
5)宾语从句变为被动语态
若主动语态中是宾语从句,变为被动语态时常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在后面。
It’s said that he passed the exam.
被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题:
(1)不及物动词带介词和介词宾语,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词。
(主动)The students in class listen to the teacher carefully.
(被动)The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.
(2)当动词带有复合宾语时,并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时,在被动语态中应加上“to”。
(主动)They make do all the work.
(被动)We were made to do all the work.
(主动)We often hear her sing English songs.
(被动)She is often heard to sing English songs.
(主动)I see him walk to school.
(被动)He is seen to walk to school.
㈡ 九年级英语1-4单元重点
Unit 1 复习要点
一、短语。
1. by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡 2. ask…for help 向某人求助
3. read aloud 朗读 4. that way (=in that way) 通过那种方式
5. improve my speaking skills 提高我的会话技巧
6. for example 例如 7. have fun doing sth 玩得高兴
8. have conversations with friends 与朋友对话9. get excited about 为…高兴,激动
10.end up speaking in Chinese 以说汉语结束对话
11.do a survey about… 做有关…的调查 12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔记
13.spoken English (= oral English) 英语口语 14.make mistakes in sth 在… 犯错误
15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确 16.practise speaking English 练习说英语
17.first of all 首先 18.begin with 以…开始
19.later on 随后 20.in class 在课堂上
21.laugh at 嘲笑 22.take notes 记笔记
23.enjoy doing 喜欢干… 24.write down 写下,记下
25.look up (v + adv) 查找,查询 26.native speakers 说本族话的人
27.make up 编造,虚构,化妆,打扮 28.around the world 全世界
29.deal with 对待,处理,解决 30.worry about (be worried about) 担心,担忧
31.be angry with 生某人的气 32.stay angry 生气
33.go by 消逝 34. regard…as… 把…当做…
35.complain about/of 抱怨 36. with the help of 在…的帮助下
37.compare…to (with)… 把…和…作比较 38.think of (think about) 想起,想到
39.physical problems 身体上的问题 40.break off 中断,突然终止
41.not…at all 根本不,全然不 42.make complete sentences 做完整的句子
43.join 加入某团体 并成为其中一员; join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。
44.be afraid of 害怕 be afraid to 害怕
45.have trouble in doing sth 做....有困难 46.study for a test 为考试用功
47. make vocabulary lists 做单词表 48. too …to… 太…而以致于不能做
49.watch English-language TV 看英语电视 50. to begin with 首先
51.take a lot of grammar notes 记大量的语法笔记
52.look up the words in a dictionary 查字(词)典
53.this kind of paper 这种纸 54.spend …on … 在…上花费(时间、金钱)
55.speak English as a second language 把英语当做第二语言来说
56.give up 放弃 57.in the future 在将来
二、句型。
1. How do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备?
2. I have learned a lot that way. 用那种方法,我已经学到了很多东西。
3. It’s too hard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声音太难了。
4. Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。
5. Wei Ming feels differently. 卫明有不同的感受。
6. He finds watching movies frustrating. 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧.
7. She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all.
她又说和朋友对话根本没用。
8.I don’t have a partner to practice English with. 我没有搭档一起练习英语。
9. Later on, I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word.
随后,我认识到听不懂每个词并没有关系。
10.It’s amazing how much this helped. 我惊异于这些方法竟如此有用。
11.My teacher is very impressed. 给老师留下了深刻的印象。
12.She had trouble making complete sentences. 她很难造出完整的句子。
13.What do you think you are doing? 你在做什么?
14.Most people speak English as a second language. 英语对于大多数人来说是第二语言。
15.How do we deal with our problem? 我们怎样处理我们的问题?
16.It is our ty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our ecation with the help of our teachers.
在老师的帮助下尽我们最大的努力来应对挑战是我们的责任。
三、语法。
1. 动词不定式
(1)做定语—后置
The best way to learn English is reading aloud.
The fastest way to travel is by plane
(2)与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系
I need a pen to write with.
I don’t have a partner to practice English with.
I need some paper to write on.
I don’t have a room to live in.
2. 动名词
(1)作主语(谓语为第三人称单数)
Memorizing the words of pop songs also helps a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。
Swimming is good for our health.
(2)作宾语
在动词(keep\practice\finish \enjoy\hate\be busy\mind) 后只用—ing 作宾语
Eg. We should keep speaking English in class.
He often practices singing in the morning.
I have finished reading the book.
Would you mind opening the door?
(3) 作定语 I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of the secrets……
Unit 2复习要点
一、短语。
1. used to 过去常常 2. be afraid of 害怕…
3. over here 在这边 4. be interested in 对…感兴趣
5. on the swim team 游泳队的队员. 6. be terrified of 惧怕…
7. go to sleep 入睡 8. all the time 一直
9. chat with… 和…聊天 10.stressed out 感到紧张
11.cause trouble/problems 惹麻烦 12.pay for 付款
13.look after 照顾 14.do sth. as well as sb. can 尽可能好地…
15.gym class 体操课 16.in the end 最终
17.make a decision 下决心 18.head teacher 班主任
19.talk with 和…谈论 20.to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
21.even though 尽管 22.no longer=not… any longer 不再
23.take pride in 对…感到自豪 24.pay attention to 对…注意
25.give up doing 放弃做… 26.change one’s mind 改变某人的主意
27.with the lights on 开着灯…. 28.chew gum a lot 经常咀嚼口香糖
29.spend time doing 花时间做… 30.take sb. to concerts 带某人去音乐会
31.daily life 日常生活 32.afford to do 负担得起
33.a seven-year-old boy 一个七岁大的男孩子34.be alone 单独
35.no more=not… any more 不再 36.get into trouble 遇到麻烦
37.get into trouble with 和…引起冲突. 38.worry about 担心
39.walk to school = go to school on foot 步行去上学
40.take the bus to school = go to school by bus 坐公车去上学
41.go right home 直接回家 42.waste time 浪费时间
43.play the piano 弹钢琴 44.speak in front of a group 在人群面前讲话
45. in the last few years 在过去的几年里 46.send messages 发信息
47.be able to 能够 48.be made up of … 由……组成的
49.sound like … 听起来像 50.instead of … 代替……
二、句型。
1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我以前害怕黑暗.
2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉.
3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends.
以前我常常花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏.
4.I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我几乎没有时间去听音乐会.
5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 在过去的几年里我的生活变化很大.
6.It will make you stressed out. 那会使你紧张的.
7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎变化很大.
三、语法。
1. used to 过去常常做某事,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态. 后跟动词原形.
否定形式为: didn’t use to 或 use not to / usedn’t to
疑问形式为: Did…use to…? 或 Used…to…?
Eg. I used to be really quiet.
I didn’t use to like tests.
Did you use to play the piano? Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.
=Use you to play the piano? Yes, I use. / No, I use not.
You used to be short, didn’t you? Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.
2. wear 表示状态. put on 表示动作. dress + 人 给某人穿衣服.
3. on the swim team on 是…的成员,在…供职.
4. Don’t you remember me? 否定疑问句.
Yes, I do. 不, 我记得. No, I don’t 是的, 我不记得了.
5. be terrified of 害怕的程度比 be afraid of 深.
6. miss: ① 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days.
② 错过, 未中, 未赶上, 未找到.
例: I’m sorry that you miss the bus.
7. no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾) 指次数;
no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指时间.
8. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot.
9. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常与can, be able to 连用.
例: Can you afford a new car?
His mother couldn’t afford to pay for her child’s ecation.
10. alone = by oneself 独自一人. lonely 孤独的, 寂寞的.
11. in the last/past + 一段时间
ring the last/past + 一段时间 与现在完成时连用.
12. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的)
Unit 3 复习要点
一、短语。
1. should be allowed to (do) 应该被允许(做)… 2. sixteen-year-olds 16岁的青少年
3. have part-time jobs 做兼职工作 4. get one’s ears pierced 扎耳洞
5. not serious enough 不够认真 6. stop doing sth 停止做某事
7. need to do sth 需要做某事 8. instead of (doing sth) 代替、不是
9. on school nights/Friday nights/Saturday afternoons
在上学日子里的晚上/星期五晚上/星期六下午
10. by 10:00 am 上午10点前 11. stay up 熬夜
12. clean up 清扫干净 13. fail a test 测试不及格
14. take the test 参加考试 15. pass the test 通过考试
16. be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 17. be strict in sth 对某事要求严格
18. the other day 前几天 19. talk about 谈论
20. concentrate on… 集中精力于…… 21. be good for 对…有好处
22. be good to 对…好 23. be good at 擅长于……
24. a good idea/way to do sth. 做…的好方法 25. learn from 向…学习/从…学到……
26. at present = now = right now 目前、现在 27.would(’d) like to do 想要、希望……
28. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事
29. have a chance to do /of doing sth. 有机会做某事
30. look good/nice on sb. 穿在某人身上好看 31. at least 至少 <—> at most 至多
32. have /get +时间+off 休息多长时间 33. reply to 回答、答复
34. get in the way 妨碍 35. as much as 和……一样多
36. be serious about 对……认真 37. care about 关心、关怀
38. achieve/realize one’s dream 实现梦想 39. spend on sth / in (doing) sth 花费…
40. an English-English dictionary英语词典 41. old people’s home 敬老院
42. stop wearing that silly earring 停止戴那种傻的耳坠
43. choose my own clothes 挑选我自己的衣服 44. take time to do sth. 花时间做某事
45. learn a lot from each other 相互学到很多知识46. feel sleepy 感到困倦
47. chat online with friends 网上和朋友聊天 48. in fact 事实上
二、句型。
1. I think students should be allowed to go out with their friends.
我认为应该允许学生们跟朋友一起外出。
I agree. / I disagree.我同意。 / 我不同意。
2. Do you think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to work at night?
你认为应该允许16岁的青年人在晚上工作吗?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
3. I don’t think teenagers should be allowed to drive.
我认为不应该允许16岁的青少年驾车。
4. I have to stay at home on school nights. 在上学的日子里,我晚上必须呆在家。
5. I’m allowed to go shopping with my friends. 允许我和朋友一起去购物。
6. We have a lot of rules at my house. So do we. 我们家有很多家规。我们家也有。
7. Do you ever get to class late? 你曾经上学迟到吗?
8. Peter should be allowed to take the test later. 应该允许彼得晚些参加考试。
9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.
我和朋友们谈论我们学校的规定。
10.What school rules do you think should be changed? 你认为应改变哪些学校规定?
11.Sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork.有时这些爱好会妨碍学习。
12.I’m serious about running. 但我对跑步极感兴趣。/ 热衷于跑步。
13.I know this might seem strict. 我知道这似乎太严格。
14.Teenagers often think they should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want. 青少年通常认为应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间。
三、语法。
1、学习含有情态动词的被动语态句型:can/may/must/should/would be + 动词过去分词
重点掌握 should(not)+be allowed to 的用法。
2、allow句型
(1)allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
e.g. We do not allow people to smoke in the hall.
(2)allow doing 允许做某事
(3)be allowed to do 被允许做某事
(4)should be allowed to do 应该被允许做某事
Unit 4 复习要点
一、短语。
1. a million dollars 一百万美元 2. buy snacks 买零食
3. three hundred / thousand / million / billion 三百/千/百万/十亿
4. hundreds / thousands / millions / billions of 数以百/千/百万/十亿计
5. give the money to charity 把钱捐献给慈善机构6. put the money to the bank存钱
7. medical research 医疗研究 8. add…to… 添加…到…
9. be nervous 紧张 10. be late for 迟到
11. at the party 在晚会上 12. wear a shirt and tie穿衬衣打领带
13. what if … 即使…又会怎么样呢?14. get / be nervous 紧张
15. get pimples 起鸡皮疙瘩/长青春痘 16. take a big exam 参加大考
17. too…to… 太…以致不能 18. take a long walk 散一大段步
19. help you relax 帮你放松 20. let me have one 让我有一个
21. speak in public 在公共场合讲话 22. hardly ever 几乎不曾
23. give a speech 作演讲 24. without permission 未经允许
25. with one’s permission在某人许可的情况下 26. ask sb. to be in a movie邀请某人拍电影
27. introce oneself 自我介绍 28. not …in the slightest 一点也不
29. plenty of 许多…,足够的… 30. the company of … ……的陪伴
31. be easy to get along with 容易相处 32. would rather…than…宁愿…也不愿…
33. English speech contest 英语演讲比赛 34. represent the class 代表班级
35. let sb. down 使某人失望 36. come up with 提出、想出
37. the rest of students 其余的学生 38. be faced with 面临、面对
39. have experience (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有经验
40. deal with 对付、应付、处理 41. come out 出来、出版、开花
42. by accident 偶然地、无意之中 43. cover with 用…覆盖住
44. go downstairs / upstairs 下/上楼 45. get hurt 受伤
46. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 47. hide sth. from. sb.把某事瞒着某人
二、句型。
1. What would you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有一百万美元,你会怎么做呢?
2. I’m too tired to do well.我太累了不能做好。
3. If I were you, I’d talk to someone who looks friendly.
如果我是你,我将和看起来友好的人讲话。
4. I really want a dog, but my parents won’t let me have one.
我真的想要一只狗,但我的父母不允许我养。
5. You like talking to one or two people rather than to a group.
你喜欢和一个或两个人交谈,而不是一群人。
6. You must always hide medicine from children.你必须把药藏到小孩子们看不到的地方。
三、语法。
虚拟语气
构成: 主句:主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形
从句:if+主语+动词过去式(be动词一律用were)+其它
用法: A. 表示与事实相反的假设
B. 表示不可能实现的事情
C. 用于提建议
1 as soon as
2 as…as
3 as…as possible
4 ask sb. for sth.
5 ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth.
6 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth.
7 be afraid of doing/that
8 be busy doing sth.
9 be famous/late/ready/sorry for…
10 be glad that
11 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell…sth. to sb.
12 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell sb. sth.
13 either…or
14 enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/go on doing sth.
15 find it + adj to do sth.
16 get + 比较级
17 get ready for/get sth. ready
18 had better (not) do sth.
19 help sb. (to) do/help sb.with
20 I don’t think that
21 I would like to /Would you like to…?
22 is one of the + 最高级 + n(pl.)…
23 It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.
24 It is a good idea to do sth.
25 It is the second + 最高级 +n.
26 It looks like …/It sounds like …
27 It seems to sb. that…
28 It sounds +adj. /It looks +adj.
29 It takes sb some time. to do sth.
30 It’s bad/good for…
31 It’s time for…/to do sth.
32 It’s two meters (years) long (high, old).
33 keep sb. doing
34 keep/make sth. +adj.
35 like to do / like doing
36 make / let sb.(not) do sth.
37 neither…nor
38 not…at all
39 not…until
40 One…the other…/Some… others…
41 prefer…to
42 see/hear sb. do(doing) sth.
43 so…that
44 spend…on /(in) doing sth.
45 stop to do /stop doing
46 such a +adj. +n. that…
47 take/bring sth with sb.
48 thank sb for sth.
49 The more…the better
50 There is sth. wrong with…
51 too…to
52 used to
53 What about /How about…?
54 What’s the matter with…?
55 What’s wrong…?
56 Why not…?
57 Will (would, could) you please…?
1,立刻,一……就……
2,和……一样
3,尽可能……
4,请求某人做某事
5,告诉某人做某事
6,告诉某人别做某事
7,担心……
8,忙于做某事
9,因……而(famous出名/late迟到/ready准备/sorry抱歉……)
10,很高兴去做……
11,( buy买/give给/show展示/bring带来/lend借/send发送/pass传递/tell告诉)某事给某人
12,意思和11一样
13,非此即彼,2者选一的``
14,(enjoy喜欢,享受/hate讨厌/like喜欢/finish完成/stop停止/mind介意/keep保持/go on继续)做某事
15,发现做某事很+adj(形容词)
16,更……
17,准备好做某事
18,最好做/别做某事
19,帮助某人做某事
20,我不认为……
21,我想做……/你想做……吗?
22,是……其中的一个
23,对某人来说做某事怎么样
24,这个对做某事是个好主意
25,这是第二最……的……(这个我不确定)
26,这看起来像……/这个听起来像……
27,对某人来说似乎是……
28,这看起来像……(+adj)/这个听起来像……(+adj)
29,花费某人多少时间去做某事
30,对……是好的/坏的
31,这是对某人来说做某事的时间了
32,这个有2米长/2年之久……
33,阻止某人做某事
34,保持/使某人+adj
35,喜欢做某事
36,让某人做某事
37,即不……也不
38,一点也不……
39,没有做……直到……
40,1个……,另一个……/一些……,另一些……
41,听见/看见某人做某事
42,比……更喜欢……
43,以便于/以至于……
44,花费……在……上(主语为人)
45,停下来去做某事/停下来现在做的事
46,如此……以至于……
47,给某人带来/带去某物
48,因……而向某人感谢
49,……越多……越好
50,……出了点毛病
51,太……而不能……
52,过去习惯于……
53,……怎么样?
54,……有什么问题吗?
55,……是什么不对吗?(54.55的意思基本相同)
56,为什么不……?
57,请问你能……?(比如请问你能告诉我哪个是答案吗?是could you please tell me which is the answer? )
中考英语不会很难``多背背单词,还有多看看句型什么的``加油!
㈢ 九年级英语知识点有哪些
1.连词是一种虚词,它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。
2.常见的连词:
and(和,与;而且;于是,然后;因此)。
but(但是;通常用not...but...不是…而是;可是,然而;表示惊讶,不同意等--喔,哇;用来加强语句重复部分的语气一定;用来引入新话题那就;常用于否定句而不,若不;用于含doubt,question等字的否定句中相当于that--对于)。
or(或者,还是;用于否定句或问句也不;否则,要不然;也就是说,换言之)。
nor(用在neither之后也不;用在no,not,never之后--也不;用在句首,句子需倒装也不)。
so(因此,所以;因而,从而)。
yet(可是,却,然而)。
for(因为,由于)。
both…and(既又;不但而且)。
not only…but also(不但,而且)。
either…or(不是就是;要么要么)。
neither…nor(既不也不)。
3.并列连词:
①and与or;②both…and两者都;③not only…but ...as well as=not only...but also不但…而且;④neither…nor意思为"既不……也不……"谓语动词采用就近原则,与nor后的词保持一致。
4.转折或对比连词:
①but表示转折,while表示对比。②not…but…意思为"不是……而是……"。
㈣ 九年级英语知识点是什么
九年级英语知识点有:
1、主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
2、被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在几种常见时态中的构成。
3、含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
4、在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
5、that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
㈤ 人教新目标版英语教材九年级第四单元重点难点考点句子,加翻译,越多越好
语法
一、构词法之一 ——词的转化 语言的基本要素之一是词汇,在语言发展的最初阶段,人们使用的是少量而简单的词汇,这些词汇表示日常简单的事物和概念,这些词是是语言中最基本的词,在语言上称之为原生词,也叫基本词或根词。随着社会的发展与进步,语言的扩充与融合使语言变得复杂,原有的有限的原生词已不够用,人们便创造了一些新词来表示新有的事物与概念。按照语言一定的规律创造新词的方法,称之为构词法。 不添加任何成分,不改变词型,把一个单词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法就是转化法,如: cut v.切开---cut n.切口,伤口 burn v. 烧伤---burn n.烧伤口 cover v.盖上---cover n.封面 water n. 水---water浇水
二、真实条件句和非真实条件句 把与事实相反的情况作为条件来假设,这种条件本身就是假的或不真实的,这种条件句叫非真实条件句。非真实条件句用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句用would do,如: 在一个晴朗的天气,你可以这样说: If it were raining, I would have a good rest. 要是这会儿下雨,我会充分休息一下。 老师可以对着学生说: If you were a teacher, what would you do? 你要是老师,你会怎么做?
注意:当对将来有可能发生的情况作为条件提出来时就是真实条件句,真实条件句一般都是对将来的假设,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,如:
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, I will go out with my parents.
如果明天不下雨,我就要跟父母一块出去。
http://www.kjcenter.net/Soft_Show-505498-3.shtml这里有这个单元的课件
http://www.rr365.com/xmb/List/List_137.html这是重点,难点,考点只是总结!里面哪个单元的都有!建议好好看看!
㈥ 九年上册英语知识考点
人教新目标九年级英语第一单元主要知识点和考点
1.aloud adv.出声地(使别人能听得到)
Reading aloud is a good way in leaning English.
朗读是学英语的一个好方法。
▲loud adj. 大声的,声音洪亮的,loud—louder—loudest
He talked in a loud voice so that everyone could hear him.
他说话声音很大以便于每个人都能听得到他。
▲adv. loud—louder—loudest
Don’t talk so loud.The kids are reading.
说话小声些,孩子们正在看书。
(Speak)louder,please!
请再说高一些!
▲loudly adv吵吵闹闹地,噪声地
I heard someone knocked loudly at the door.
我听到有人在使劲敲门。
They are talking loudly in the next room.
他们在隔壁说话声很大。
2.voice n.噪音,鸟鸣声
She has a sweet voice.
她声音很甜美。
She raised her voice so that she could be heard.
她提高了嗓音队便于别人能听清楚。
He lost his voice./He had no voice because of the cough.
因为咳嗽,他失声了。
▲noise n噪音,吵闹
Don’t make so much noise.
别弄出那么大的噪音。
I heard a strange noise outside.
我听到外边奇怪的声音。
▲sound n.(自然界中的)声音,响声
Sound travels slower than light.
声音的传播比光慢。
3.memory n.(计算机的)储存器
A lot of information is stored in the memory.
计算机的储存器能储存很多信息。
▲n.记忆力
He has a poor memory after the car accident.
车祸后他的记忆力很差了。
▲n. 回忆,怀念
I have a pleasant memory of my childhood.
我对童年有美好的回忆。
▲memorize/memorise vt. 记住,背过
He can memorize new words very quickly.
他能很快记住很多单词。
4. frustrate vt.使失望,使沮丧
The serious illness frustrated his dream for college.
他上大学的梦想遭受挫折。
▲frustrating adj. 令人失望的
What he said is frustrating.
他所说的话很令人失望。
She finds it frustrating to watch English movies.
她觉得看英语电影很令人失望(因为看不懂)。
▲frustrated adj. 失望的,沮丧的
He was frustrated when he failed again in the test.
当他再次考试没及格后,他很失望。
5.add vt. 增加,加
She tasted the soup and added more salt.
她尝了尝汤,又加了些盐。
▲add to 增添
His coming added to our trouble.
他的到来给我们添了很多麻烦。
▲add up to 总计达……,加起来……
The number of the students in our class adds up to 55.
我们班上学生的数目加起来是55人。
▲vt. 补充说,又说
He said goodbye to us and added that he would visit us again.
他和我们说了再见,又说他会再来看我们的。
6. excite vt.使兴奋
The news that our team had won excited everybody.
我们队赢了的消息令所有的人很激动。
▲exciting adj.令人兴奋的
The soccer game is exciting.
那场足球赛很令人激动。
▲excited adv. 兴奋的,激动的
We were very excited at the news.
当听到那个消息,我们很激动。
7.speak(speak—spoke—spoken)说(语言),讲话
Can you speak French?
你会说法语吗?
Do you know who will speak at the meeting?
你知道谁要在会上发言?
▲talk to/with sb 与某人谈话,talk about/of sth/sb谈论某人或某事
He was talking to/with his friend whom I called him.
当我给他打电话时,他正在和他的朋友谈话。
What are you talking about?
你们在说什么?
▲say 说(后接说的内容)
What did he say at the meeting?
他在会上说了什么?
She said she would be back the next week.
她说下周回来。
▲tell 告诉
tell sb sth 告诉某人某事(接双宾语)
Who told you the news?
是谁告诉你的那个消息?
▲讲,说
tell stories讲故事,tell a lie撒谎,tell the truth说实话
Grandma used to tell stories to me when 1 was young.
我小的时候,奶奶经常给我讲故事。
Don’t believe him! He is telling a tie.
别信他!他在撒谎。
To tell you the truth,I don’t quite agree with you.
老实说,我不太同意你的意见。
8.complete vt.使完全,使完整,(圆满完成)
She’s trying to complete collection of the CDs.
他试图收齐那套CD。
▲adj. 巧完整的,完全的
Can you make complete sentences?
你会造完整的句子吗?
He is a complete stranger to me.
他对我来说完全是陌生的。
9.secret n.秘密
It’s a secret between you and me,so don’t tell it to others.
那时我们之间的秘密,所以不要告诉别人。
▲adj. 秘密的
Let’s keep it secret from others.
咱们不让别人知道此事。
Let the cat out of the bag.= Let out the secret.
泄露秘密。
10.impress vt.使感动,给……深刻印象
What he did impressed everybody present.
他的事迹给在场的人留下了深刻的印象。
The beautiful sights of the country impressed all of us.
那个国家的美景打动了我们所有的人。 、、
▲impressed adj. (被)感动的
We were impressed by what he did.
我们被他的话所感动。
11. native n. 当地人,本国人
When we were on vacation in Brazil,we lived like the natives.
我们在巴西度假时,就像当地人那样生活。
The kangaroo is a native of Australia.
袋鼠是产于澳洲的动物。
▲native speaker 生来就说某种语言的人
He speaks English so well that we all think he is a native speaker·
他的英语说得太好了,我们都认为他是个本地人。
▲native language 母语
Marx was born in Germany,and German was his native language.’
马克思出生在德国,法语是他的母语。
Important phrases(重点词组)
人民教育出版社教学资源分社
1.1isten to cassettes 听磁带
2.first of all 首先
3.work/study with a group 和小组一起学习
4.watch English language TV 看英语电视
5.spoken English 英语口语
6.writing practice 写作训练
7.join an English club 加入英语俱乐部
8.1ater on 以后;随后
9.look up words(in a dictionary) 查同典
10.native speakers 生来就说某种语言的人
11.not at aIl 根本不;一点也不
12.end up 结束
13. ask the teacher for help 求助于老师
14.make up 组成;编造
15.enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
16.take notes 做笔记
17.make mistakes 犯错误
1 8.make flashcards 制作认读卡片
19.read aloud 朗读
20. have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
Important sentences(重点句子)
人民教育出版社教学资源分社
1. How do you study for a test?
你怎样准备考试?
▲study for a test prepare for a test 准备考试
— What were you doing when I called last night?
一I was studying for the math test.
一 昨天晚上我打电话时你在干什么?
一 我在准备数学测验。
2. I study for an English test by listening to cassettes.
我听录音准备英语测验。
▲by 靠,用(方法,手段等),后接动名词(doing…)
He makes a living by repairing bikes.
他靠修车为生。
▲listen vi.后加to再接名词。
My sister was listening to music when I got home.
当我到家时,姐姐正在听音乐。
Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
听!有人在敲门。
3.He studies by asking the teacher for help.
他靠求助于老师来学习。
▲ask sb for help求助于某人
—You can ask me for help if you have trouble.
—Thank you.1 will.
— 如果你有麻烦,你可以求助于我。
一 谢谢。我会的。
4.Do you ever practice conversations with friends?
你曾经和朋友练习过会话吗?
㈦ 新目标九年级英语第四单元重点语法
虚拟语气
一、概念
[Subjunctive Mood]
中文译作"虚拟语气"。它是一种动词形式,表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。
二、语法结构
1.if结构(非真实条件句——表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况)
与..事实相反 If从句 主句
过去 Had done Would* have done
现在 Were/did Would* do
将来 Should do/were/were to do Would* do
例句:If there hadn’t been much rain in spring, we would have had a good harvest now. [过去]
If he smoked less, his cough might be well soon. [现在]
If the lecturer should be late, you would have to make a speech first. [将来]
备注:
(1)上表中’would*’可转换为should、could、might。
(2) 如果为时间错综句的话,左右两栏可互相搭配,排列组合。
例句:
He would still be alive today if he hadn’t taken that drug.
[与现在事实相反] [与过去事实相反]
(3) if可转换为其他形式
例句:Without your advice, our meeting wouldn’t have been so successfully. [过去]
(=>可转换为:If there hadn’t been your advice, we …)
Your notes are almost illegible (难以辨认的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [将来]
(=> 可转换为:If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.)
I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[过去]
(=> 可转换为:If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..)
2、wish结构
与..事实相反
过去 Had done
现在 Were/did
将来 Would
备注:可转换为其他形式。
例句:He talks as if (好像) he had done all the work himself. [过去]
I wish I were a bird.
I wish he handn' done that.
I wish I would be rich in the future.
3、should结构
从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且should可以省去。用于此结构的动词有:advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest,intend等。
例句:The teacher suggest he (should) read English aloud.
注意:当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,显示”时,不用虚拟语气。
例句:The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.
4、would rather +从句
在这种结构中,从句的谓语动词用过去形式表示虚拟。
例句:I would rather you did this instead of me.
5、主语从句中的虚拟语气
1)It be + 形容词 + that ...(should)...
用于该句型的形容词是:necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny,
strange, surprising .
一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中。如:a pity, no wonder....
2)It be + 过去分词 + that ...(should)....
用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如:desired, suggested, requested,
ordered, proposed等。
3)It is time(about time, high time)that ...(过去式动词形式或should+动词原形)....
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now.
6、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同
位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用:should+原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省
略。
例:My suggestion is that we should go there at once.
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?
三、使用范围及判断
1、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。
2、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。
3、“后退一步法”
后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是:
1)与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。
2)与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。
3)与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。
主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。
例:If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out.
四、注意事项
1.if条件从句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。
2、在现代英语中if条件状语从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。
3、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气,按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词。注意:与哪个事实相反,不能以主句的时态为判断依据,而是根据从句的意义判断。
㈧ 九年级英语知识点有哪些
九年级英语知识点有:
1、 if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句,即:虚拟语气,通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态。所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气,虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议或是与事实相反的假设等。
2、If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句,非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时,其虚拟语气结构为:即:(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were),一般过去时,(主句) 主语+would+动词原形,过去将来时。
3、pretend to do sth. 假装做某事。
4、be late for 迟到,如:I am late for work/ school/ class/ party。
5、a few 与 a little 的区别,a few 一些,修饰可数名词,a little 一些,修饰不可数名词两者表肯定意义,如:He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。
6、few 少数的,修饰可数名词few 与 little 的区别,little 少数的,修饰不可数名词,两者表否定意义,如:He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。There is little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里没有多少糖。
7、hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several一词时要不能加s ,反之,则要加s 并与of 连用,表示数量很多。如:several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 几百/千/百万/十亿人,hundreds of trees 上百棵树。
8、what if + 从句 如果…怎么办,要是… 又怎么样,如:What if she doesn’t come? 要是她不来怎么办?What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办?
9、 add sth. to sth. 添加…到…如:I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。
㈨ 初三上册英语第四单元课文知识点
你好,自己总结啊!!
Unit1:by 的用法 by+v-ing
Unit2:used to be 是重点 意思是 “过去常常”
Unit3:被动语态 sb should be allowed to do sth “某人应该被允许做某事
Unit4:虚拟语气 If i were …,i would …
Unit5:sth belong to sb 某物属于某人
Unit6:定语从句
Unit7:知识点多 忘了 ⊙﹏⊙
Unit8:put off+v-ing , work as, sw+adj
Unit9:被动语态 本单元重点单词:invent,be invented ,inventor
Unit10:过去完成时 标志性词语:by the time,realize
Unit11:宾语从句,注意从句的语序 和先行词
㈩ 冀教九年级上英语知识点有哪些
上册
九年级英语第一单元知识点归纳
1.break a world record 打破世界记录 2.get a gold medal 获得金牌 3.with a time of … 用…时间 4.at the same time 同时 5.up and down 上上下下 6.set a world record 创造世界记录 7.as fast as possible 尽快 8.believe in sb 信任某人 believe sb 相信某人的话 9. make sb proud 使某人感到自豪 10. give up 放弃 11.be able to do sth 能够做某事 be unable to do 不能做某事 12. at the age of … 在…岁的时候 13.catch up with 赶上 14. none of 一个也没有 15.fall off 掉下 16.do one’s best 尽某人的努力 17.the others 别的
九年级英语第二单元知识点归纳
1. take turns 轮流, 交替 2. hold a world record 保持世界记录 3. be located in / on …位于 4. be proud of 以…自豪 5. on average 通常 6. on record 记载下来有 7. four times as --- as --- 是…四倍 8. think of 想出 9. find out 了解, 找出 10.some more 更多一些 11.try to do sth 试着去做某事 12.all over the world 遍及全世界 13.be full of 装满 14.it’s + adj.+ for sb to do sth 对某人干某事怎么样 15.it’s time for sb to do sth 某人该干某事了 16.such as 例如 17.take part in 参与 18.that’s very kind of sb to do sth 某人做事太好
九年级英语第三单元知识点归纳
1.pay …for… 付钱, 赔偿 2.make money 挣钱 3.something to eat 吃的东西
4. what’s the price of … 价钱是… 5. get up 起床 6.be hard to do sth 做某事难 7.come up to 到达 8.go over to 走过 9.give sth back to sb 把… 还给某人 10.do / deal with 处理 11.elementary school 小学 12.hold up 挂起 13.on the Internet 在互联网上 14.what else 别的什么 15.hear of 听说 16.set up 创建 17.have success in 在…取得成功 18.any other 别的
business hours 营业时间
九年级英语第四单元知识点归纳
1. wake up 醒来 2. what’s wrong with …怎么了 3. get a cold 感冒 4. get dressed 穿衣 5. be weak in 在… 薄弱 6. point to 指向… 7. ook up 查字典 8. out of breath 上气不接下气 9. miss school 没去上学 10. take medicine 吃药 11. breathe through the nose 通过鼻子呼吸的 12. must be 一定 表示推测 否定:can’be 13. stay healthy 保持健康 14. be different from 不同于… 15. be made from /of 由…制成 16. be bad for 对..有害 17. get a pain in …在…哪痛 18. dare to do sth 敢于做某事 19. think about 考虑 20. get married 结婚 21. fall ill 生病 22. as soon as 一…就 23. the more, the better 越多越好
九年级英语第五单元知识点归纳
1. 2. 3. 4. be famous for 以…而着名 learn sth from 从… 学到东西 be born in+地点 / on +时间:出生于… not … until ….直到…才…5. make a mistake 犯错 6. so… that …如此…以至 7. so that 为了,以便 8. come up with 想出, 提出 9. in the 1960s 在二十世纪 六十年代 10. devote to do sth 致力于.. 11. because of 因为 12. in one’s spare time 在空余时间 13. it’s said that 据说 14. nothing but 除了…什么也没有 15. day after day 一天又一天 16. in a difficult situation 在困难情况下 17. talk about 谈论 18. in the same year 在同一年 19. give first aid 进行急救 20. make an example 举例 21. in the Anti-Japanese War 在抗日战争中 22. die of 死于…
九年级英语第六单元知识点归纳
1.have an accident 发生事故 2.take care of 照顾 3.warn sb ( not ) to do sth 提醒某人(不)干某事 4. there ‘s something wrong with …有毛病 5.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事 6.instead of 代替 7.long, long ago 很久以前 8.be careful 小心 9.it takes sb sometime/some money to do sth 花某…时间/金钱干某事 10.from then on 从那时起 11.don’t have to do sth 没必要做某事 12fall on the top of 掉在…上面 13. on the edge of 在…边沿 14.hurt oneself 伤到自己