七八年级仁爱版英语知识点

⑴ 有谁知道仁爱版英语（湖南教育出版社）八年级上的语法和重点句型

英 语 短 语 复 习
8年级 上
see sb. do sth./doing sth. 看见某人做某事/正在做某事
between•••and在•••两者之间 cheer sb. on 为某人加油
would like to do sth./sb. to do sth./sth. 想要做某事/想要某人做某事/想要做某事 quite a bit/lot许多，大量
join+人+组织/join in+活动
prefer sth./sb./sb.to sth./ (in) doing sth.更喜欢某事/某人/做某事
play for 为某球队效力 grow up 长大成人，成长
dream of/about sb./sth./doing sth. 梦想某人/某事/做某事
in the future 今后 play against 同````比赛
arrived in/at=get to到达某地 leave for 动身去某地
the day after tomorrow后天 break the olympic record打破奥运会记录
take part in 加入
spend time/money on sth./(in)doing sth.花时间/金钱在某事上/在做某事上
go cycling/hiking 去骑自行车/远足
pretty well相当好 the high/long jump 跳高/远
make sb. strong 使某人强壮 all over the world全世界
be good/bad for对`````有益/有害 help to do sth. 帮助做某事
relax oneself放松某人 make/keep sb./sth. + adj.使某人/事怎么样
keep healthy/fit保持健康 What a shame！真遗憾
this/last/next weekend这个/上个/下个星期

could/would you please …..? 你能？ do sb. a favor帮某人个忙
be/fall ill 患病 not at all/of course/certainly not 当然不
would/do you mind(not)doing sth.介意做某事
practice doing sth. 练习做某事 help sb. with/to do sth. 帮助某人做事
ask sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事 come over 过来
go somewhere else 去其他地方 make one’s bed 整理床铺
be far(away) from 远离 be late for sth./doing sth.迟到做某事
had better (not) to do sth.最好做某事/不做某事
manage sb./sth./to do sth.管理某人/某事/做某事
need sth.to do sth.需要某东西做某事
miss a good chance 失去一个好机会 shout at sb.对某人大声吼叫
miss the goal 失球 shame on sb.某人自己感到羞耻
be angry with sb. 生某人气 do one’s best尽某人最大的努力
say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉 keep doing sth.坚持做某事
keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事believe sb./in sb. 相信某人/相信某人说的话
be sure to do sth./of sth./about sth. 确信做某事
have a fight 打架 hear sb. do sth./doing sth. 听见某人做某事/正在做某事
serve the food 准备食物 turn down the music关掉音乐
at once/in a minute/in a moment/right away/right now立即,马上
be important to sb.对某人很重要 take a seat 坐下
buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.为某人买某东西
follow the rules 遵守规则 over a century later一个世纪以后
more and more people 更多的人 healthy eating habits健康的饮食习惯
have fun in(doing) sth.有兴趣做某事

want to do sth./sb. to do sth.想做某事/想要某人做某事
make more foreign friends交更多的外国朋友 more and more 更多
reason for doing sth. 做某事的理由 it in a quiet place 做在1个安静的地方
have fun with sb. 与某人玩的开心 an interesting place 1个有趣的地方
a coffee shop 咖啡屋 Beijing Hutongs 北京胡同
make friends with sb.与某人交朋友 have to 不得不
be free 空闲，自由 water the tree 浇树
be enough for 对••••••足够 take part in 参加
take place 举行，发生 every four years 每4年1次
build ourselves up 增强我们自己的体质 help foreign visitors 帮助外国游客learn English well 学好英语 the modern Olympics 现代奥运
a symbol of 什么什么的象征 at least 至少
in the flag of every country 在每个国家的国旗上
do morning/eye exercises 做早操/眼保健操 twice a month 1个月两次
have a fever感冒 not read too long 别读太久的书
take/have a rest 休息 lift heavy things 抬重物
have a good sleep 睡个好觉 to the hospital 去医院
how it goes 指事情怎样发展 hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶
lie down and rest 躺下休息 brush one’s teeth 漱口
take good care of 照顾 not too bad/much better 不是很坏/好多勒
nothing serious 没大碍 check over 检查
worry about sb./sth.当心某人某事 take have these pills 吃药
thank sb./sth./for doing sth.感谢某人/某事/做的某事
buy sb. sth./sth.for sb.给某人买东西 become well 康复
return home 回家 not•••until••• 直到•••才 a sick man 病人
less/more than少于

stay up 熬夜 be bad for sb./sth.对某人某事有害
feel terrible 感到疲劳 keep long fingernails 留长指甲
go to school without breakfast空腹上学
read an article about smoking 读关于抽烟的文章
give up sth./doing sth. 放弃某事/做某事 read in the sun 在太阳下读书
throw about乱扔 healthy habits 健康的习惯 give sb energy 给某人能量
be necessary for 对某人很重要 ring the day 白天
put sth. into the stbin 把某东西放进垃圾筒
get enough sleep 得到充足的睡眠 cause diseases 致病
have an illness 得病 keep the air fresh 使空气新鲜
drink sour milk 喝臊牛奶 sweep the floor 打扫房间
become sick 得病 make sb. strong 使某人强壮
choose the wrong food 选择错误的食物 all kinds of food 所有食物
in the kitchen 在厨房 hurry up 快点
talk with a journalist 和记者说话 go ahead 开始，干吧
do more exercise 多做运动 build up our body 锻炼我们的身体
go to crowded places 去人群多的地方
do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 change clothes often 常换衣服
wild animals野生动物 do some cleaning 做清洁
keep away from 远离 ring sb. up 给某人打电话
get through 打通 leave a message for sb. 给某人留个口信
spread in 在某地传播 talk with family 和家人聊天
save one’s life 救某人命 save time/money节省时间/钱
teach sb. sth. 教某人某事 change one’s mind 改变某人主意
have a good/nice time 玩的愉快
hate sb./sth./to do sth./doing sth. 恨某人/某事/做某事
help sb. to do sth. 帮某人做某事 play with sb.与某人玩耍

learn sth. from sb. 跟某人学某事 special moments 特殊时刻
dance to music 随音乐跳舞 collecting telephone cards 收集电话卡
collectings toys 收集娃娃 read novels 读小说
in one’s free time 在某人休息时间 read comic 读连环画
a movie fan 1个电影迷 walk a pet dog 带宠物散步
share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某东东 teach sb .do sth. 教某人做某事
chat on zhe Net 网上聊天 bring sb. sth. 给某人拿某物
the color of his skin 他皮肤的颜色 take a bath 洗澡

go to a concert去音乐会 at a concert在音乐会上
take English lessons 上英语课 spend a wonderful evening 度过1个精彩的晚上
hip hop 喜蹦乐 musical instrument 音乐乐器
comes and goes quickly 来去匆匆 folk songs 民歌
be famous for 因•••而出名 one of •••之一
look for 寻找（强调动作） form a band 组建个乐队
set up 创办 close friends 亲密朋友
be close to 离•••近 make music 制作音乐
continue to do sth./doing sth. 继续做某事 music group 乐队
date/place of birth 出生日期/地方 violin music 小提琴音乐
make sb. happy 使某人开心

hole the line=hold on 稍等 answer the phone 接电话
take/have a shower/bath 洗澡 practice English练习英语
sit on the grass 坐在草上 watch the movie/see a film看电影 so-so 一般化 agree with sb.同意某人
make a face 做鬼脸 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
knock at the door 敲门 one day a week 一周一天
make a good beginning 做出良好滴开端 solve a problem 解决问题
be closed 关闭 stop doing sth.停止正在做的事
stop to do sth. 停止正在做的事去做另1件事
too•••to 太怎么样而不能怎么样 wash the dishes=do the dishes洗盘子
read the newspaper 读报 plan to do sth. 计划做某事
say hello/sorry to sb. 对某人说你好/对不起

think over 仔细考虑 think for 认为
enjoy nature 享受大自然 the bravest animals 最勇敢的动物
talk about 谈论 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事
sing to sb. 给某人唱歌 both•••and 两者之间
feed on 以•••为食 thousands and thousands of 成千上万
live in rainforests 住在雨林 cover•••with•••覆盖
see everything clearly 看清楚任何东西 useful things 有用的东西
animals in danger 在危险中的动物 live on 生活
live in the ocean 住在海洋 the south of China 中国南部
the oldest type of tiger 最古老的老虎种类
kill•••for 为•••杀•••
the Science Center 科技中心 take the place of(doing sth.) 代替做某事
instead of doing sth. 代替做某事 save people in danger 救处于危险中的人repair mechines 修机器 lift trucks 抬卡车
carry heavy things 抓重物 mend roads 铺路
make humans lose their jobs 使人们失去工作 make humans lazy 使人们懒惰
fly over my head 从我头上飞过 be sure to do sth./of doing sth. 确信做某事
walk toward 朝•••走去 in fact 事实上
mistake for 把•••错当成 by mistake 错误
try to do sth.尽力做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事
use sth. to do sth. 用某东西做某事 study on the Interent 在网上学习
look up a word 查单词 write to 写信给某人
download music 下载音乐 with one’s help 在某人帮助下

Pull down 拆毁 be worn out 破烂不堪的
modern buildings 现代大楼 do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 a gift 1个礼物
the ancient Egyptians 古老滴埃及 join together把什么连在一起
the cost of flying 飞行的价钱 world-famous 世界着名的
be mada of up 由•••组成 regard•••as••• 把•••看做•••
at the same time 同时

Unit 8
1. depend on\upon 依靠；依赖
2. according to 根据
3. catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意
4. easy-going 随和的
5. so 连词：所以，因此。副词：很，非常
so that 以便，为的是，以至于
so …that… 如此…以至于…
6. be made of （原材料可见）
由…制成
be made from （原材料可见）
7. the same…as 与 … 一样
8. be different from… 与…不同
9. on the third floor 在第三层楼
10. prepare for… 为…做准备
11. in fact 事实上
12. start to do sth.
开始做某事
start doing sth.
13. protect…from… 保护…不受…
14. more then 不仅仅
15. allow sb. to so sth. 允许某人做某事
16. carry out 执行；开展
17. advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人做某事
18. take off 脱掉
19. at other times 有的时候；在其余的时候
20. make a survey 做个调查
21. in danger 处于危险中
22. stop…from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
stop to do sth. 停止去做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
23. on different occasions. 在不同的场合
24. be famous for 以…闻名
be famous as 当…而闻名
25. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
26. except
except for 除了…之外
besides
27. as for sb.\sth. 至于…； 就…而言
28. get its name 得名
29. design…as 把…设计成
30. at one time 曾经；一度
31. dress in 穿…衣服
32. all over the world 全世界
33. widely known = well-known 众所周知的

Unit 7
1. chat with 与…聊天
2. on the Internet 在网络上
3. think about 回想；考虑
4. try one’s best尽某人最大努力
=do one’s best
5. know about=learn about了解
6. turn to sb. for help
=ask sb. for help 向某人求助
7. have a sweet tooth 吃甜食
8. in order to 为了
9. what’s more 而且，更有甚者
10. invite sb. (not) to do sth. 邀请某人（不）做某事
11. help sb. ( to ) do sth 帮助某人做某事
12. keep up 继续 努力
13. be pleased with 对…喜欢；满意于
14. be proud of 对…感到自豪
15. cut up / cut sth. into 切碎
16. drink to sb./sth 为…干杯
17. at the table在桌子旁边
18. at table 就餐
19. start with 以…开始
20. finish doing sth 完成做某事
21. take a sip 喝一小口
22. pick up 拿起；捡起；搭便车等等
23. be full of 充满了…
=be filled with
24. Help oneself to sth 自己吃…
25. on sale 出售
26. such as 例如
27. be satisfied with 对…满意
28. have/get/pay the bill 付款
29. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
30. not only…but also 不但…而且
31. take a seat 请坐
32. use sth to do sth 用某物做某事
used to do sth 过去常常做某事
33. It’s said that… 据说=It’s reported as..

Unit 6
1. take it easy 别着急；别紧张
2. think over 仔细考虑；
think of 考虑； 认为
3. get along with 与…相处
get on with
4. come up with 想出（主意）
5. look forward to doing sth 期望做某事
6. in the daytime在白天
at night 在夜晚
7. go on a visit to 去…参观
8. decide on\ upon 决定
9. make a reservation 预定
10. get to 开始
11. It take sb.… to do sth.
花了某人…时间做某事
12. hear from 接到…信
hear of 听说
13. out of sight 看不见
14. make sure 确保
15. be surprised at遍布在..., 复盖在... 对…感到惊奇
to one’s surprise 令人惊奇的是
be surprised to do sth 惊奇做…
16. in sb’s direction 朝某人的方向
17. can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做…
18. ask sb. for help 向某人求助
ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
19. rush out 冲出
20. spread over 遍布在..., 复盖在...
21. as soon as 一…就…
22. by the way 顺便问一下
23. slow down 减速
24. run into 撞到；碰到
25. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
26. warn sb (not) to do sth.
警告某人（不）做某事
27. ride into 进入
28. be popular with 受…欢迎
29. Is that so? 真的吗？

Unit 5
1. say thanks\thank you to sb. 向某人道谢
2. be worried about 担心某事/某人
3. smell terrible 闻起来很恶心
4. taste delicious 尝起来很好吃
5. set the table 摆餐具
6. have the temperature 发高烧
7. be （not ）able to do sth
（不）能做某事
8. ring sb. up/telephone/phone/call
打电话给某人
9. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事
10. tell sb. not to do sth.
叫某人（不）要做某事
11. care for=look after=take care of 照顾…
12. because of n./doing sth. 由于…
13. ever after 从此以后…
14. cheer up 使…振作起来
15. at first 首先
16. be afraid /frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事
17. go mad 发疯
18. come into being 开始形成
19. be called被叫做…
20. make peace with sb.与某人和解
21. seem to be 好象…
22. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
23. have a talk with sb.与某人谈话
24. talk to sb.对某人说话
25. at one’s age 在某人的年代里
26. make sb. laugh 让某人大笑
27. as…as与…一样
28. not as/so…as 不如…
29. move to 搬家
30. be angry with/at sb.对某人生气
31. be angry at/about sth 因某事而生气
32. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
33. instead of代替
34. not …any longer/more 不再
35. by oneself=alone 独自
36. even though 尽管
37. be sorry for 为某事感到抱歉
38. give sb. a hand 帮助某人
39. take part in 参加
40. take some medicine 吃药
41. see a doctor 看病
42. be good at / do well in doing sth. 擅长于。。。
43. Don’t worry. 别担心
44. in a good mood 好心情
45. give a surprise to sb. 给某人一个惊喜
46. put on 表演
47. make/let/get/have sb./sth do sth. 使让某人做某事
48. make sb./sth adj.使某人某事变的…
49. get together with sb. 与某人团聚
50. try out 尝试
51. in good spirits 情绪高昂
52. make a decision / make decisions 做决定
53. be late for 迟到

⑵ 初一至初二英语知识点,语法点

11. 动词的时态

11.1 一般现在时的用法

1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：

I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。

2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：

The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。

3） 表示格言或警句。例如：

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。

4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如：

I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。

比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。

第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

返回动词的时态目录

11.2 一般过去时的用法

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：

Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？

2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：

When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。

3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。

4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）

Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着）

Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）

Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去）

注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：

Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？

I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。

2）情态动词 could, would。例如：

Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？

返回动词的时态目录

11.3 used to / be used to

used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。例如：

Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。

Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。

be used to + doing： 对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。例如：

He is used to a vegetarian diet.

Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。

典型例题

---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.

---- It's 69568442.

A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't

答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。

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11.4 一般将来时

1） shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如：

Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？

2） be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？

b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be proced next month。这出戏下月开播。

c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。

3） be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。

4） be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：

He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

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11.5 be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来,will表意愿。例如：

If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.

Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.

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11.6 be to和be going to

be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如：

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）

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11.7 一般现在时表将来

1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。

2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：

Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。

3）在时间或条件句中。例如：

When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。

4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如：

I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。

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11.8 用现在进行时表示将来

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如：

I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？

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11.9 现在完成时

现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have （has） +过去分词。

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11.10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时

1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。

现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。

共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如：

I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）

I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）

Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了）

Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争）

He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续）

He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可持续）

句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。

（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

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11.11 用于现在完成时的句型

1）It is the first / second time.... that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。例如：

It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。

This is the first time （that） I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。

注意：It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2）This is +形容词最高级+that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。例如：

This is the best film that I've （ever） seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。

典型例题

（1） ---Do you know our town at all?

---No, this is the first time I ___ here.

A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。

（2） ---Have you ____ been to our town before?

---No, it's the first time I ___ here.

A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come

答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。

注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。

（错）I have received his letter for a month.

（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

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11.12 比较since和for

Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如：
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。
注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here for more than twenty years. （我现在已不在这里工作。）
I have worked here for many years.（现在我仍在这里工作。）
注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。
1）（对） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2）（错） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.

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11.13 since的四种用法

1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six）。例如：

I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。

2） since +一段时间+ ago。例如：

I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。

3） since +从句。例如：

Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。

Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后，变化可大了。

4） It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如：

It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。

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11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词

1） 用于完成时的区别

延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如：

He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 （表结果）

I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历）

2） 用于till / until从句的差异

延续动词用于肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示"到……，才……"。例如：

He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 点才回来。

He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。

典型例题

1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.

A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet

答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。

2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.

---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.

A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be

答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。

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11.15 过去完成时

1） 概念：表示过去的过去

----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。

那时以前 那时 现在

2） 用法

a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如：

She said （that）she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。

b. 状语从句

在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。例如：

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。

c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"。例如：

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。

3） 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如：

He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。

Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

汤姆失望了，因为他到达晚会时，大部分客人已经走了。

典型例题

The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left

答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。

注意： had hardly… when 还没等…… 就……。例如：

I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门，他就打了我。

had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……。例如：

He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车，转眼又卖了。

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11.16 用一般过去时代替过去完成时

1） 两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。例如：

When she saw the mouse，she screamed. 她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它丢了。

2 ） 两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。例如：

When I heard the news, I was very excited.

3） 叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。例如：

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

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11.17 将来完成时

1） 构成will have done

2） 概念

a. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如：

They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。

b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如：

You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时，你已经到达上海了。

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11.18 现在进行时

现在进行时的基本用法：

a. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。例如：

We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。

b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：

Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）

c. 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如：

The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。

It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。

d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：

You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。

典型例题

My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.

A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.

答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。

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11.19 不用进行时的动词

1）表示事实状态的动词，如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如：I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。

This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。

2）表示心理状态的动词，如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如：I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。

He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。

3）瞬间动词，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如：

I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。

4）系动词，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如：

You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。

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11.20 过去进行时

1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。

2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。

3） 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。

It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。

典型例题

1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes

答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。

2） As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

A. read；was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell

答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell（fall的过去时），是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。
参考资料：http://..com/question/13015035.html

⑶ 仁爱版初中英语知识点总结。（尽量详细点，语法最重要。）

语法都一样的， 推荐楼主网络一下奥风英语的 中考语法完全突破 视频教程或大纲即可，同时也配有练习，又名 中学语法三剑客，中考版，可以说是目前公认最好的语法资料了，不过是不是适合自己还是要亲自检验一下，可以网络来听听。

⑷ 初一英语（仁爱版）语法总结

仁爱英语七年级下册知识点语言点总结

Unit 5 Our School Life

Topic1 How do you go toschool?

一、重点词语：

1. wake up 醒来，唤醒 get up 起床

2. go to school 去上学 gohome 回家

3. go dancing / shopping / skating / swimming 去跳舞；购物、滑冰；游泳

go doingsomething 可用于表达去进行某种娱乐休闲活动。

4. 表示交通方式：

on foot 步行

by boat 坐船 by ship 坐船 by air 乘飞机

by plane 乘飞机 by train 坐火车 by subway 搭乘地铁

by car 坐小汽车 bybus 坐公共汽车 by bike 骑自行车

5. take the subway / bus / car 搭乘地铁；公共汽车；小汽车

6. drive a car to work = go to work by car 驾车去上班

take a bus to work = go towork by bus 乘公共汽车去上班

go to school on foot = walkto school 步行去上学

7. ride a bike / horse 骑自行车；骑马

8. after school / class 放学以后；下课以后

9. play the piano / guitar /violin 弹钢琴；吉他；小提琴

play basketball / soccer /football 打篮球；踢足球；打橄榄球

play computer games 玩电脑游戏

play with a computer 玩电脑

play sports 做运动

10. next to 紧挨着，在…旁边

11. a plan of my school 一幅我们学校的平面图

12. on weekdays 在工作日

at weekends 在周末

13. have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner / meals 吃早餐；中餐；晚餐；正餐；一日三餐

have classes / lessons / a meeting 上课；上课；开会

14. watch TV / movies / games / the animals 看电视；电影；比赛；动物

read novels / newspapers /books 看小说；报纸；书

15. wash one’s face /clothes 洗脸；衣服

16. 反义词：up – down,early – late 近义词：quickly – fast

get up early 早起 be late for 迟到

17. the first / second / third / fourth day 第一；二；三；四天

18. clean the house 打扫房子

19. 表示建筑物（尤其学校建筑物）：

on the playground 在操场

at school / home / table 在学校；家里；桌旁

in a computerroom / teachers’ office / classroom building / gym / library / lab / canteen

在电脑室；教师办公室；教学楼；体操馆；图书馆；实验室；食堂

20. around six o’clock = at about six o’clock 大约在六点

21. 频率副词：never,seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always

二、重点句型：

1. It’s time to get up. 该起床的时候了。

It’s time forbreakfast. = It’s time to have breakfast = It’s time for having breakfast.该吃早饭了

2. You must go to school early. 你必须早点去上学。（主观因素造成“必须”）

I have to wash my facequickly. 我不得不迅速地洗脸。（客观因素造成“必须”）

3. Happy New Year! The same to you! 新年快乐！也祝你新年快乐！

4. How about you? = What about you? 你怎么样？

5. It tastes good. 它尝起来很好。 It sounds good. 它听起来很好。

6. How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.

你通常怎样去上学？我通常骑自行车去上学。

What do you usually doafter school? I usually play computer games.

你通常放学做什么？我通常玩电脑游戏。

7. How does she usually go to work? She usually goes to work by car.

她通常怎样去上班？她通常开车去上班。

What does heusually do after class? He usually reads novels.

他通常下课后做什么？他通常看小说。

8. The early bird catches the worm! 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/ 笨鸟先飞。

9. Where’s Mr. Zhou going? He’s going to Shanghai. 周先生将要去哪里？他将要去上海。

三、语法学习：复习一般现在时和现在进行时。

一般现在时：

1. 区别含有be动词和行为动词的肯定句式。

I am at home.√ I stay at home.√ 【 Iam stay at home. × She stay at home. ×】

2. 一般疑问句、否定句表达的不同方式：

Are you at home? Doyou stay at home? Does she stay athome?

Yes, I am. No, I am not. Yes, I do. No, Idon’t. Yes, she does. No, shedoesn’t.

I am not at home. Idon’t stay at home. She doesn’tstay at home.

3. 主语为第三人称单数时，谓语行为动词的变化。

She plays computer games on Sundays.

She studies English everymorning.

She goes to school onweekdays.

She has breakfast at 6:45.

4. 用法：

(1) 表示现在的状况：I am ateacher. You are student. They are in London.

(2) 表示经常的或习惯性的动作：Iusually go to school on foot. She plays tennis every morning.

(3) 表示主语具备的性格和能力等：Helikes playing basketball. They do the cooking.

现在进行时：

1. 基本句式结构：I am playing with a computer.

2. 现在分词构成法：

go – going play – playing have– having drive – driving

run – running swim – swimming begin – beginning

3. 用法：

（1）表示现在正在进行的动作：She is having dinner. 她正在用餐。

（2）方位动词的现在进行时可用来表示将要发生的动作：I’m going. 我要走了。

四、交际用语：谈论交通工具及如何上学和日常生活。

主要句型：

How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.

I’m riding a bike now.

What’s she doing? She’sdancing.

Do you often go to thelibrary?

Topic 2 How often do you have an English class?

一、重点词语：

1. 学科名词：

政治politics ; 语文Chinese; 数学math; 英语English; 历史history; 地理geography;

生物biology; 音乐music ; 体育P.E. ; 美术Art

2. 一周七天名词：

星期日 星期一 星期二 星期三 星期四 星期五 星期六

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

3. swimming pool 游泳池

4. listen to music 听音乐 write letters 写信 goroller-skating 滑滑轮

go shopping 去购物 havean English class 上英语课 go to the park 去公园

meet friends 会见朋友 drawpictures 画画 play sports 做运动

watch TV 看电视 playcomputer games 玩电脑游戏 playsoccer 踢足球

work on mathproblems 解答数学题 take exercises 做运动

learn aboutthe past 学习历史 learn how to read and write in Chinese 学着用中文读写

play ball games with myclassmates 和我的同班同学玩球类游戏

5. be good at = do well in 擅长于… I am good at English. = Ido well in English.

6. be different from 与…不同 the same as 与…相同

7. do outdoor activities 进行户外活动

8. every week 每周 eachday 每天 three times a week 每周三次

9. 反义词：boring –interesting difficult – easy begin – finish

近义词：difficult – hard

10. care about 关心；担心

11. try to do something 尝试去做某事

12. do one’s best 尽力去做某事 do one’s homework 做家作

13. like doing something = love doing something 喜欢做某事

hate doing something 讨厌做某事

14. noon break 午休

15. athalf past six = at thirty past six = at six thirty六点半 at seven o’clock = at seven 在七点

at fivefifteen = at fifteen past five = at a quarter past five五点十五分

at fifteen to ten = at aquarter to ten = at nine forty-five 九点四十五分

16. for a little while 就一会儿

17. a student of Grade One 一年级的学生

18. eat out 出去吃

19. get home 到家

二、重点句型：

1. Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.你最喜欢哪个地方？我最喜欢电脑室。

2. Swimming is my favorite sport. = I like swimming best. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。

3. Why do you think so? Because he likes sleeping. 你为什么这么想？因为他喜欢睡觉。

4. How often do you go to the library? Very often. 你经常去图书馆吗？经常。

5. Peter is good at soccer ball. 彼特擅长与足球。

6. My interest is different from theirs. 我的兴趣和他们的不一样。

7. How many lessons do you have every day? 你每天上多少节课？

8. What time is school over? 什么时候放学？

9. I try to do my best each day. 每天我都尽力做到最好。

10. And if I always do my best, I need not care about the test. 如果我总是尽力，我就不需要担心考试

11. After dinner, I often do my homework and then watch TV for alittle while.

晚餐后，我经常做作业然后看一会儿电视。

三、语法学习：以How，Wh- 开头的疑问句。

疑问词：how often, how long, how soon,how old, how many, how much, how big, how heavy, how wide, how far, what, when,who, whose, whom, where, which, why, what color, what time, what class…

四、交际用语：谈论课程、作息时间、个人爱好及学习生活。

主要句型：

Which place do you like best? I like the computerroom best.

What’s your favorite subject? Math is.

How often do you…? Everyday. Always. Often. Seldom. Never. Sometimes.

Do you like going to…?Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

How many lessons do youhave every day? We have seven lessons every day..

When do morning classesbegin? At 7:20.

***Topic3 I like the schoollife here.

一、重点词语：

1. 反义词：first –last borrow – return / give back

2. 名词单数转化复数：life –lives shelf – shelves leaf – leaves half – halves life - lives

3. between… and… 在…与…之间

4. school hall 学校大厅

5. else, other 别的

6. Lost and Found Room 失物招领处

7. the school life 学校生活

8. most of them 他们大多数 all pupils 所有的学生 few pupils 很少学生

9. spare time 空闲时间

10. have a short sleep 休息片刻

11. and so on 等等

12. on time 按时

13. Here it is. = Here you are. 给你

14. Our School Times 《学校时报》 Everyday Science 《每日科技》

15. get to school 到校 get home 到家

16. learn…from 向…学习

17. 名词变成形容词：wonder– wonderful, use – useful, care – careful, beauty - beautiful

interest –interesting excite - exciting

二、重点句型：

1. Welcome to our school. 欢迎到我们学校来。

2. What do you think of our school? It’s very nice. 你认为我们学校怎么样？它非常漂亮。

3. Let me find it on the computer first. 首先让我在电脑上找到它。

4. Wait a minute. = Just a minute.等一等。

5. Mary can’t find her purse and we’re looking for it. 玛丽找不到她的钱包，我们正在找它。

6. Is there anything else in it? No, there isn’t. 里面还有别的吗？不，没有了。

7. Thank you anyway. = Thank you all the same. 仍然谢谢你。

Thank you foryour hard work. 谢谢你们的努力工作。

Thank you for asking me. 谢谢你邀请我。

8. Almost all the pupils walk or take a yellow school bus. 几乎所有的小学生都步行或坐黄色的校车。

Very few pupils ride bikes. 很少小学生骑自行车。

Most of them have lunch atschool. 他们大部分在学校吃午饭。

9. I read them with great interest. 我带着极大的兴趣读它们。

10. We’ll let you know if we find yours. 如果我们找到你的（钱包）我们会让你知道的。

11. May I ask you some questions? Yes, please 我可以问你几个问题吗？

13. Where do you come from? I come from Australia. = Where are you from? I’mfrom Australia.

你来自哪里？我来自澳大利亚。

Which city of Australiado you come from? 你来自澳大利亚哪个城市？

14. How long can I keep it? Two weeks. 我能借多久？两个星期。

15. Do you have a problem? 你有问题吗？

三、语法学习：There is / are… 的学习。

1. 用法：表示存在。什么时间或者地点“有”什么东西

2. 几种基本句式：

There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本书和两支笔。

******其它详细内容，请见附件。