❶ 高一英语必修二第六模块知识点总结
argue about 争论…..
1. Let's argue about whether(it is safe) to go swimming in this weather.
让我们讨论一下这样的天气去游泳是否安全。
dict.cn
2. 981 Life is too short to argue about little things.
生命短暂，不必为小事争辩不休.
all the time 一直，始终
1. Conditions are changing all the time.
情况始终都在变化。
2. You mustn't work all the time.
你不能老是工作。
care about 关心，担心
1. Don't you care about this country's future?
难道你不为国家前途担忧吗?
2. I don't much care about going.
我并不很想去。
in order to 为了……
1. He lit a cigarette in order to calm his mind.
他点燃一支香烟，镇定一下情绪。
2. You must give in order to take.
欲得到，必先付出。
hunt for 搜寻；追寻；寻找
1. I had a good hunt for that key.
那把钥匙我找了好一阵子.
2. Why don't they hunt for a job?
为什么他们不寻找工作?
make friends交朋友
1. Never make friends with bad companions.
别和坏人结交。
2.He wants to make friends with you.
他想要和你做朋友.
make a difference有所不同
1. I can make a difference world!
世界因我而不同！
2. Smile; it'll make a difference.
微笑：这将会起到作用。
keep in mind记住
1.I hope you will keep in mind what I am saying.
我希望你把我所说的话记在心里。
2.This is what you should keep in mind.
这是你应该牢记在心的。
for the first time 第一次；首次(作状语)
1.. When to pay rent for the first time?
我们什么时候交第一次房租呢？
2. Where was the Cup held for the first time?
第一次世界杯是在哪里举行的？
all the way 一路；全程；一直
1. The two runners contested the race closely it was nip and tuck all the way.
那两个赛跑选手竞争激烈－－在赛程中一直不相上下。
2. A merry heart goes all the way.
心旷神怡，事事顺利定语从句I. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war..whose人，物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate. that人，物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which物主语，宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人，物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on whichwhere地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用in whichwhy原因原因状语I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for whichII. that与which, who, whom的用法区别：情况用法说明例句只用that的情况1． 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。2． 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时3． 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4． 先行词既指人又指物时5． 先行词被the only, the very修饰时6． 句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时1.He told me everything that he knows.2.All the books that you offered has been given out.3.This is the best film that I have ever read.4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5.He is the only man that I want to see.6.Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which, who, whom的情况1． 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人2． 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3． 先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.III. as与which的区别：定语从句区别例句限制性定语从句中名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用whichHe is not such a fool as he looks.Don’t read such books as you can’t understand. 非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.IV. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：类别语法意义及特征例句限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。The accident happened at the time when I left.非限制性定语从句对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.
❷ 高中英语必修二知识点
Unit 1
词组： survive
in search of / search for search
be amazed at
be designed for
fancy doing sth
be decorated with
in a fancy style
belong to
in return for
at war at peace
less than
there is no doubt that
I doubt whether….
be worth doing
be worthy of be worth to do / to be done
take apart
in a trial
think highly of think badly / much/ little / ill of
could / might / must/ should /need + have done
such + a/an + adj.+ n.
so + adj. + an/ a + n.
be used to do be used to doing used to do
serve as
agree with 适应
rather than 而不是
what he said what he heard
to tell the truth tell a lie to be honest
nor neither 倒装
do with deal with
unit 2
词组： compete for / against
take part in
gold medal
stand for stand by
on a basis of
admit doing
as well
as well as 就前原则
replace take the place of take one’s place
in charge in the charge of
bargain with
in pain
one after another one by one year by year
deserve to do
be admitted as
so + much /little
such +little (小)
make a bargain with
ask for
marry get married to be married to
apart from besides
although VS though
unit 3
词组： sum up
solve settle
from.. on
as a result as a result of result in =lead in result from= lie in
personally
anyhow anyway
in a way
with the help of
watch over watch out look out be careful
spoil
from then on + 过去时
since + 完成时
as time went by
apply for
be filled with
provide … with
in size
signal to
after all
unit 4
词组： die out die away die off die down
hunt for/ after
in danger of
in relief
respond to
protect …. From
contain VS include
have an effect on
pay attention to doing
appreciate doing
succeed in doing success
do harm to do good to
come into being
according to
so that
intend to do be intended for
unit 5
词组： roll in roll on
pretend to do
be doing
have done
attach to doing
honestly speaking frankly speaking generally speaking
form a habit of
earn one’s living
in cash
play jokes on
rely on
get familiar with
or so
break up break out
in addition to
sort out
in brief
above all
passer-by
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❸ 高一英语必修二 重点词汇
Unit 1 Cultural Relics文化遗产
1. look into 调查
2. insist on/upon sth/doing 坚持做，坚决做
3. belong to 属于
4. get /be lost ; be missing 迷路，丢失
5. do with 处理；对付
6. in search of ;in the/one’s search for 寻找
7. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
8. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
9. be made into . . . 被制成；
be made of /from 用…制成(看得见原材料/看不见原材料)
be made for 为…制作
be made up of 由…组成
10. be of +抽象名词=be+该词的形容词
“be of +名词(词组)”表示主语的某种形状或特征
be of a(n) / the / the same “属于, 归于”
be of the size / weight / height / age / colour / kind…
11. work of amber art 琥珀艺术品.
12. as a gift of 作为…的礼物
13. in return 作为报答
14. become part of 成为…的一部分
15. serve as 充当，用作
16. add…to… 添加…到…
17. great wonders of the world 世界上的伟大奇迹
18. be at war 处于交战状态
19. less than 少于
20. no doubt 毫无疑问
21. remain a mystery 仍然是个迷
22. take apart 拆开
23. rather than 胜于, 而不是
25. tell the truth 说实话
26. pretend to do sth 假装做某事
27. give an example from your own life 举一个你生活中的例子
28. think highly of 看重，重视
29. search for =look for
30. agree with sb. 同意某人的意见
31.情态动词(could /might /must /should) +have done
表示对过去发生的事情的推测，批评，反悔等意思
32. have sth. done 表示 “请人做某事” “使遭遇某种(不幸的)事情”
Unit 2
1 take part in/join in 参加
2 the spirit of 精神、宗旨、灵魂
3 used to 过去常常
4 find out 查明，找出
5 every four years 每四年，每隔三年
6 two sets of 两套，两组
7 allow sb. in(out) 允许进入（出去）;
8 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（不能说allow to do）
9 allow doing sth. 允许干某事。
10 be/get married(强调状态)＋ to(不能用with) sb 和……结婚
11 a set of 一套，一组
12 compete in… 在某方面竞争
13 compete for… 为……而竞争
14 compete with/against 与……竞争
15 be admitted to 获准做某事
16 be admitted as 作为…被接受
17 reach the standard 达到……水平、标准
18 play an important role/part in 在…方面扮演重要角色（起重要作用）
19 as well as 和……一样
20 thank you for your time 感谢您（能抽空……）
21 come from the same root 同根
22 have (no) chance of doing sth. 有（没）做……的机会
23 go with 伴随，与……搭配
24 relate…to… 把……与关联起来
25 relate with 和……有关
26 run against… 和……赛跑
27 hear of 听说
28 make sure 确定
29 take turns 轮流
30 one after another 一个接一个
31 make sure +that clause 确定
Unit 3
1. sound simple 听起来简单
2. a technological revolution 技术革命
3. artificial intelligence 人工智能
4. begin as 作为…开始
5. solve/settle a problem 解决问题
6. a simple-minded man 一个头脑简单的人
7. mathematical problem 数学问题
8. be totally changed 被完全改变了
9. share information with 与…信息共享
10. serve the human race 为人类服务
11. common knowledge 常识
12. deal with 处理
13. in my opinion 在我看来
14. public opinion 公众舆论
15 an analytical method 分析法
16. share a room with 与…共居一室
17. connect with 与…有关
18. go by （从…旁）走过
19. bring into effect 使生效
20. the common people 老百姓
21. get together 聚集
22. after all 毕竟
23. with the help of 在…的帮助下
24. make up 编造，化妆
25. a personal letter 私人信件
26. watch over 看守，监视
27. have a good time 玩得愉快
28. once a year 一年一度
29. make a decision 做出决定
30. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人干某事
31. building materials 建筑材料
32. in fact 事实上
33. create a new building 创建一栋新楼
34. in a way 在某种程度上
Unit4
1. as a result 结果
As a result of= because of 由于
result in = cause 导致 result form 由于
2. die out （动，植物物种）灭绝
die of 死于…（多内因）
die from 死于…（多外因）
die down 变弱；逐渐消失
be dying for 渴望得到…
3. be at a loss = be puzzled at =be confused 迷惑的，不解的
suffer a loss (of) 蒙受损失 make up for a loss 弥补损失
be lost in one’s thought(陷入沉思) lose heart lose one’s heart to sb
4.in peace 平静的（地）；安静的（地）
in silence/ in quiet/in surprise/in a hurry
5. hunting for 搜索; 搜寻
6.be in danger of 有… 危险 be out of danger 脱离危险
endangered adj. 濒危的 dangerous 危险的
7.have / give an effect on / upon …
take effect(生效) come / go into effect 生效； 实施
8. be concerned about 担心.关心，挂念
9. get dressed 穿上衣服
get done强调动作，不能和表一段时间的状语连用;be done 表状态
10.turn round : 转过去，围绕…旋转
11.apply to应用 be applied to被应用于
apply for 请求,申请….. apply to sb. for sth.
12.protect ……from保护…..免受….危害
prevent from阻止（stop/ keep from）
13 .have a effect on 对...有影响
14. with a sad face looking at her. with + 宾语(O) + 宾语补足语
15.come into being: 形成；产生；开始存在
come into use：开始被使用 come into one’s mind / head: 突然想到
come into fashion: 开始流行come into consideration: 开始考虑
Unit 5
1.roll over 翻身, 打滚
roll up 卷起 roll down 滚下来
2.dream of / about (doing) sth 梦见, 梦想…
3.at a concert 在音乐会上
4.be honest with sb. 对…诚实
be honest about sth.
be honest in doing sth.
4.form the habit of 养成…的习惯
in the form of 以…的形式
in form 在形式上
5.passers-by 路人（复数）
6.earn extra money 赚外快
6.give sb. a chance to do 给某人做某事的机会
7.play jokes/a joke on sb. 捉弄
play tricks/a trick on sb.
laugh at / make fun of 嘲笑；取笑
8.base on 以….为基础, 基于….be based on
9.make music 做音乐
10.break up 破裂；拆散；停止；（战争等）爆发
break in/into 闯进
break off 中断；停止
break down 坏掉，发生故障；（身体）垮掉
11.hit sb. on/in the+身体部位 击中某人的…
12.by chance/accident 偶然，意外地
13.come across 偶然遇见
14.sort out 分类
15.be confident of/about/in 对……有信心
16.give/put on a performace=perform 演出，表演
17.go wrong 出了毛病
18.since then 从那时起
19.come up with 提出
20.stick to do=insist on doing 坚持做某事
21.above of all 首先，最重要的是 first of all 第一
22.play musical instrument 演奏乐器
23.attract one’s attention/interest 吸引某人的注意力/兴趣
❹ 高一英语必修二人教版重点知识语法
学好五种基本句型 注：英语中绝大多数句子归根到底是由基本句子变化而来的。所以，熟练掌握它们是很有必要的
还有三大从句：名词从句、定语从句、状语从句。这三大从句基本囊括了高中时期你要认识和读懂的句子的句子。
其次就是每天除了要学习课堂上老师讲的单词之外，自己再坚持背另外一些，哪怕只有五个。坚持下来，日后你会觉得，他们对你受益匪浅。
❺ 高一英语必修二的一二单元的知识点总结 帮帮忙……
必修1 mole 3
1, Match the verbs with the means of transport in activity 1. some of the verbs can refer to
more than one means of transport.
,match 使…和…相配， 协调。
match +n. + to / with +n. 把…和.. 调和起来/ 搭配起来
A match B 和B匹配
match, suit , fit 辨析
match, 多指大小， 色调， 形状， 性质等方面的搭配
suit 多指合乎需要，口味，性格，条件，地位等 No dish suits all tastes. 众口难调。
fit 多指尺寸，形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调” My new evening dress fits me quite well.
– How about eight o’clock outside the cinema?
-- That ____ me fine. A, fits B, meets C, satisfies D, suits
2, means 其含义为“手段”或“工具”
by all means 务必 by no means 决不， 并没有 the means of
3，more than 超过，多于 = over， less than （反义词）
不仅仅。= not only no more than 仅仅，只有 (反义词）= only
more…than … 与其说… 倒不如说…
no more…than … 与… 同样不… 表示两者都否定
not more …than…. 不及… 那样… 表示两者都肯定
4, refer to 提及，说起。 Don’t refer to that matter again.
refer to … as …将… 称为
5, take off , (飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣服）等
6, What do you think the central part of the country is like?
特殊疑问词+ do you think + 陈述句。Do you think 在句子作插入语。
Where do most of the people live? Do you think? =
where do you think most of the people live
7, abandoned adj. 被抛弃的， 放纵的。
There was an abandoned house by the riverside
8, proct 产品 proce v, 生产， 制造 proction 产量，生产，【U】
9，scenery 【U】风景，景色，指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。
scene 指戏剧的一幕。事件发生的地点，现场。指景色时， 可以是scenery 的一部分，多包括景物中的人及活动在内。
view 指从一固定位置所望见的景色。
10, And, what a ride! what 感叹句的基本句型
What + a/ an + adj. + 可数名词单数（主语+谓语）！
What (+adj.) + 复数名词 /不可数名词 （ 主语+谓语）！
how 感叹句基本句型
How +adj./ adv. (主语+谓语）！ How + adj. + a/ an +可数名词单数（主语+谓语）！
How + 主语+谓语！
11，We get on in Sydney…
get , 1, get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事. ig. I’ll get him to go instead of me.
2, get sb. /sth. done/ doing 让某事被做./ 让某人一直做
ig. He asked me to get the work finished by noon
12, need 做情态动词和实义动词的用法区别。
情态动词 实义动词
肯定式 You need to be careful.
否定式 You needn’t be so worried. You don’t need to be so worried.
肯定疑问式 Need I say my number again? Do I need to say my number again?
13, a way to do sth. = a way of doing sth. 做…方法，途径
14，try to do sth .尽力做某事 You must try to write the letter in English.
try doing sth. 尝试做某事 You must try writing the letter in English.
16, Camels were much better than horses.
much 修饰形容词的比较级。下列几种形式都可用来修饰形容词，副词的比较级。
even, far, much, a lot, any, still , a great deal. 等。
17, supply 供应，供应品 vt. 供应，提供，补充
For many years, trained camels carried food and other supplies, and returned with wood and other procts.
supply sb. with sth. = supply sth to sb.
18,The Afghans and their camels did this until the 1920s.
在…世纪， 在…年代 （必须加 the )
in the 1940s 在某人十几岁，二十几岁，三十几岁…
in one’s teens/ in one’s twenties….
19, Then the government built a new railway line, so they didn’t need the camels any more.
not …. any more = no more 表示动作的不再重复出现。
not …. any longer = no longer 表示动作不再延续
ig. They didn’t live here any longer. = They no longer lived here.
20, they passed a law which allowed people …
which 引导一个定语从句
allow: allow doing sth Ig. They do not allow smoking here.
. allow sb. to do sth. ig. They do not allow people to smoke here
21, Could I possibly see your ticket?
could 表示委婉的语气，而不是can 的过去式
肯定回答， sure. / of course. / certainly. / definitely 等
否定回答， sorry, but… / I’m afraid…. 以委婉地拒绝
※ Could I … 的回答不能用 You could, 而要用You can 或其他。
Could you…? 的回答常用 With pleasure 表示同意。
22, Would you mind if 主语+ 动词过去式？ 都表示询问是否介意…？
Do you mind if 主语 + 动词用一般现在式？
Would you mind doing …? 可否请你做…？/ 劳驾您做…？
Do you mind
表示允许回答 No, I don’t mind. 不，我不介意。 No, go ahead. 我不介意，请吧。
Of course not. 自然不介意。 No, not at all. 不， 完全不介意。
表示不允许的回答， I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed. 对不起， 那可不行。
I’m sorry, you can’t. 对不起， 你不能。
I’m afraid I can’t let you. 恐怕我不能允许。
I’m afraid, but…. 我恐怕…， 但是…
23, out of date 过时 in order that + 句子 = in order to + v原 为了…
out of order 乱， 有故障， 不合规则。
25, I remember the day my father tried to teach me how to ride a bicycle.
how to ride a bicycle. 是 “疑问词+ to do” 结构， 在句子作宾语，还可作主语。
He showed us how to do the work.
Whether to go or stay hasn’t been decided yet.
26, for the first time 第一次(在句子做时间状语）
When I was six years old, I saw a lion for the first time
27, The screen seemed so big!
seem + (to be) adj. 似乎… ig, He seemed to be satisfied with the new job.
seem to do 似乎做… ig. The little girl seems to understand quite well.
seem to be doing 似乎正在做…. Ig. Someone seems to be singing nextdoor.
seem to have done 似乎已经做了… ig. I seem to have seen him somewhere .
It seems / seemed (to sb.) + that 从句
It seems / seemed as if / as though…从句
There seems / seemed to be
28, Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometers per hour.
travelling 为现在分词作状语。它表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎
同时发生，它往往表示主动。和修饰的人或物构成主动关系。
at the / a speed of … 以…的速度
The car is running at the / a speed of 100 km/h
Grammar, 1, The –ed form
a, 及物动词的ed分词表示被动或完成 respected leader.
b，ed分词作形容词，表示状态 surprised look
c, 不及物动词的ed分词表示完成 the retired manager
Grammar 2, Past tense time expressions
a, 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或情况（包括习惯性动作）。 常用的时间状语
just now, at that time, last night, a week ago, in the old days, the other day, then,
ring his middle school years 等表示过去的时间。
b, 有些情况发生的时间不清楚， 但实际上是过去发生的， 应当用过去时态。
ig. I didn’t know you were so busy. / I didn’t expect to meet you here.
c, 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中表示过去将来的行为。
ig. What would you think of him if he failed again?
d, 用于非真实条件句中，表示与现在事实相反。
If I were you, I would let him know.
❻ 高一英语必修二，三，四语法点
高一主要语法点
必修一：直接引语和间接引语(宾语从句)；现在进行时表将来；定语从句
必修二：定语从句(非限定定从、定从中的介词前提)；被动语态(一般将来时、现在完成时及现在进行时的被动语态)
必修三：情态动词；名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句)
必修四：主谓一致；非谓语动词(V-ing) ；构词法
❼ 求'2012'高中英语必修一必修二知识点总结
必修一Unit 1 Friendship1.基础梳理point upset ignore calm down cheat list share a series of crazy purpose dare thunder entire（~ly） trust according to power suffer recover suitcase situation disagree be concerned about walk the dog set down face to face be/get tired of get along with fall in love make a list communicate with 2.词语归纳1）add vt/vi加；添加；增添add up合计 加起来，但在口语中有时用于否定句，表示“莫名其妙，不说明问题”。add up to 总计共达，所有一切都说明，总而言之。add sth（to sth）把……加到……里去。add to 增加，扩建。add 表示“继续说，补充说”。区别add和increaseadd意思是“加，增加”，强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。increase“增加”，表示在数量，产量，尺寸，程度等方面的增加。2）cheat v 欺骗；作弊 n 骗子；作弊者；骗人的事cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 从某人处欺诈某物cheat on/at/in 作弊，欺诈3)list v 将事物列于表上；编事物的目录 n 名单；目录；一览表make a list of 造表，列……表take…off the list 从表上去掉……stand first on the list 居首位，列前茅as listed above 如上所列3）share share in 分享，分担，共用share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物share out 分配，分发；得到股息，升股息share（n.）in/of 一分，部分4）trust vi/vt 信任，信赖；依赖trust in 相信，信任，信仰trust to 依靠（运气等），依赖trust that… 希望，想5）suffer vt/vi 遭受，受到，蒙受；受痛苦，受折磨，受惩罚，受损伤suffer from 受……伤害；患……病痛注意：suffer 和 suffer from 都不能用于被动语态6）calm vt/vi/adj. 使平静；使镇定。平静的，镇静的，沉着的。calm down 平静下来，镇定下来quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时，侧重不激动，平静温和，不发表意见。still指完全没有声音或者没有动静，突然静止不动。silent主要指人不爱说话，沉默不语。7）concern be concerned about 担心，关心as/so far as…be concerned 关于，至于，就某人而言have no concern for 毫不关心concern oneself in/with/about sth 忙于，从事；关心，关切have a concern in 和……有厉害关系be concerned in/with 参与，与……有关8）separate v/adj 分开，和……分手；单独的，分开的，不同的separate…from 使……和……分离9）reasonlose one’s reason 失去理智，发狂by reason of 由于bring sb to reason 说服某人理智些within reason 合理without reason 不合理listen to reason 听从道理reason sb into/out of sth 以理说服某人做/不做某事10）powerbeyond /out of one’s power 力所不及的，不能胜任的=not within one’s powerin power 当权的，握有政权的come into power掌权，得势11）habitform / make a habit of doing=make it a habit to do sth 养成做某事的习惯be in the habit of 有……的习惯fall/get into a habit of 沾染（养成）……习惯break（off）a habit=get out a habit 戒除一种习惯form good habits 养成良好的习out of habit 出于习惯12）according to为介词短语，后跟名词，代词，不能很从句，表示“根据；按照；试……而定”。according to其后引出的信息应来自别人或者别处，不能来自说话者自己。according to其后不能跟opinion，view等名词。according as 相当于连词，后跟从句，意为“正像，根据，按照，如果”。13）join in区别join；join in；take part in；attendjoin 参加某个组织或者团体（党派，军队等）<ps：这些名词前面要加定冠词>，并且成为其中的一员。join in 参加正在进行着的活动，如游戏，讨论，辩论，谈话等。take part in 参加会议或者群众性的活动，并且在其中法会一定的作用。attend 参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等。重在强调“参与”的动作，不强调参加者的作用。14）dare 作实意动词有人称和数的变化，也有时态的变化；作情态动词，用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中，有时态的变化，但是没有人称和数的变化。①在肯定据中的dare，dares，dared之后，不定式一遍加to。②在否定句中和疑问句中的dare之后，不定时一般不加to。③在用do或者does构成的否定句和疑问句中，理论上虽然应该有to，实际使用却经常把to省略。 I dare say…我敢打赌说……15）go through 经历；经受；通过考试；经过；审阅；检查go with 伴随，与……协调 go up 上升；建起；上涨 go over检查，审查；复习，重温go out 熄灭；公布；播出 go ahead 进行，进展；（with）赞同 go into从事，参加（某一行业）；调查16）get along with 同……相处；进展get away 离开；逃避 get back 回来；拿回 get down 拿下；写下 get in 进入；收获get down to 开始认真做…… get on/off 上/下车 get over 克服；战胜 get across 被理解get through 完成；通过；接通电话 get up 起床 get it 明白，理解；猜中17）with复合结构，也可以叫做独立主格结构，在格式上没有谓语动词，在句中常作状语，表示伴随，原因，方式，条件等。①with+名词+介词短语。在句中作状语，作后置定语。②with+名词/代词+过去分词。其中过去分词表示被动或者完成了的动作。③with+名词/代词+现在分词。其中现在分词表示主动或者正在进行的动作。④with+名词/代词+不定式。其中不定式表示将要发生的动作。⑤with+名词/代词+形容词。18）no longer=not…any longer 表示不再继续或者再现过去某一时刻发生或存在而一直延续的动作/状态时，常用于过去时、现在时或者将来时的句子中。no more=not…any more 表示再也不重复过去反复发生的动作时，常用于过去时或者将来时的句子中。When he saw the toy，the baby cried no longer.当看到玩具时，那婴儿不再哭了。Now she wasn’t afraid any more..现在她再也不害怕了。19）①settle down to 决心去做……，专心去做…… settle on/upon 决定……，选定……②have trouble with 使伤脑筋，苦恼；跟某人闹别扭ask for trouble 自讨苦吃 be in trouble 在困境中，有纠纷 get sb into trouble 陷入困境make trouble 惹麻烦 put sb to trouble 麻烦某人 take the trouble to do 费力做3.语法直接引语变为间接引语（注意：变化时句子一定为陈述句语序。）人称的变化①直接引语中主语第一人称或者被第一人称所修饰，人称要与“讲话人”的人称一致。②直接引语的第二人称，或者被第二人称所修饰，人称要与“听话人”的人称一致。③直接引语中的第三人称不变化。“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更改”。二、时态的变化直接引语——间接引语一般现在时——一般过去时一般过去时——过去完成时现在进行时——过去进行时现在完成时——过去完成时过去完成时——过去完成时一般将来时——过去将来时时态不变化的情况：①直接引语是客观真理。②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。 Unit2 English around the world1.基础梳理voyage conquer native apartment modern actually present vocabulary usage government fluently latter enrich command request recognize accent identity play a role in come up such as even if base on make use of by the 1600’s more than2.词语归纳1）includeinclude是及物动词，后跟名词，代词或者动名词作宾语，或者跟宾语+介词短语等。including通常为介词，相当于having（sb/sth）as a part，包括（某人某物）在内，可与过去分词included互换。2）present作形容词，若表示“在场的，出席的”通常用作标标语或者后置定语；若表示“现在的，现有的”，通常用作前置定语。作名词，也可以表示“目前，现在”，多与the连用，常用的词组at present“现在，目前”；还可以表示“礼物”含有“捐赠”的意思。常有的词组有make sb a present of 表示“将某物赠送给某人”。作动词，表示“赠送，给与”，后跟双宾语；也可表示为“正式介绍，引见某人（尤指向级别、地位较高的人）”。常见用法present one’s apologies/compliments/respects…表示某人的歉意/赞扬/敬意……present oneself 出席，列席； present itself 出现，呈现。3）rulerule over sb/sth 统治某人/某物 rule sth/sb out 把某人/某物排除在外as a rule 在大多数情况下，通常表示“控制；影响”时多用作被动语态。作名词时表示“规则，规章，条例；惯常用法；统治；尺”。4）recognize为非延续性动词，不用于进行时；强调原来认识的东西意为“认出，分辨出”。表示“承认某人/某物有效或者属实”有时与as连用。与名词或者名词词组连用，that引导的从句连用，也可表示“认识到，认清某事物”。5）commend作动词多为及物动词，表示命令，后接名词+不定式。表示“统率，指挥，控制，掌握”，后常接宾语。作动词或名词都可以跟从句，从句中用should（常省略）+动词原形。作名词常用词组有：in commend of 统率……的 under the commend of 被……统率的get/obtian commend of 控制 take commend of 开始担任……的指挥 has commend of 掌握at/by sb’s commend 奉某人命令的，受某人指挥的 commend oneself 控制自己6）request作动词时常用的句型：request sb to do sth；request that sb （should）do sth；request of sb +that从句作名词时常用的习语有：at sb’s request/at the request of sb 应某人的要求 by request of 由于受到……的要求 make a request for sth from sb 向某人要求某物7）explain可作及物或者不及物动词，作及物动词时，间接宾语前要加to。例如：The teacher explains to the class the questions.The teacher explains the questions to the class. 老师向全班解释了这个问题。explain可接连接代词，连接副词或者that引导的从句。还可以接连接代词或者连接副词所引导的不定式短语。8）however作副词，若表示转折，意为“但是，然而，不过”，可放在句首，句中，句末，要用逗号分开；若修饰形容词或者副词，意为“无论如何，无论怎样”。作连词，引导让步状语从句。意为“不管怎样，不管用什么方式”。9）imagine是动词，意为“想象，设想，猜想”后跟名词，动名词，从句（imagine多以否定形式出现），还可以与as连用。imagine oneself 表示“想象一下，你若……”后面所跟的to be结构常被省略。10）such as与for example的区别都可以作例如讲，但是such as用来列举事物，放在被列举事物和前面的名词之间，后直接跟名词，没有逗号，一般不如and so on 连用；for example用来举例说明，有时可作独立句，插在句子中，后面一般用逗号隔开。such as 不能将前面所述的数量全部列出；such作形容词，可与as在句中分开使用，表示“像……这样的”，as是关系代词，引导宾语从句，作主语或者是宾语。11）more than①more than与数词连用，意为“超过，多于”。②more than+名词，表示超出该名词所指，意思为“不止，不仅仅是”。③more than+加形容词或者动词，表示加重语气，意思是“很，非常”。④more than+（that）从句，其基本意义是超过，但可译为“简直不，远非……”⑤more than之间加入形容词或者副词，有两种含义：一中是普通的比较级用法；另外一种是用来表示“与其说……倒不如说……”。12）base sth on/upon 意为“以……为基础/依据”，被动形式为be based on/upon13）关于way的一些短语：by the way 顺便说说；顺便提起 in a way 在某一方面；在某种程度上in the way 阻碍，阻挡 on one’s way to/on the way to 在来/去……的路上/过程中in any way 无论如何 in every way 在各个方面，完全in no way 绝不，无论如何不 lose one’s way 迷路；误入歧途14）nearly和almost的用法①almost=very nearly,表示"几乎、差不多",常可互换使用。②almost和nearly可互换使用的场合 (1)在肯定句中 (2)修饰all, every, always等时 (3)在行为动词的否定式前③只能用almost的场合 (1)修饰no, none, never, any以及由no或any的合成词。: (2)修饰表示感觉或心理的动词或形容词。: (3)修饰more than和too。 ④只能用nearly的场合 (1)被very, not, pretty修饰时。 (2)表示要做什么事但后来"没有做"或"避开不做"时。⑤mostly用作副词,意思是"大体上、主要地、大部分、多半、通常"等。15）come up 走进；上来；提出；发芽；流行；上升；出现；发生come up to 达到；数到；不负众望；合乎（标准等）come up with 提出（建议）；找到(答案，解决方法)come about 发生 come out 出版；出现；显露 come across 偶然碰上 come on 加油16）use的短语make full/good/the best/little use of 充分/好好/充分/不充分利用be in use 在使用中 come into use 开始使用 bring…to use/put use to 加以使用 be of use 有用的 out of use 被废弃不用 get the use of 使用…… have no use for 对……无用 find a use for…为……找到用途 with use 经常使用17）e to 由于（引导表语或者状语从句） thanks to 多亏，由于（引导状语从句）owing to 由于（引导状语或者表语从句） as a result of 因为，……的结果（引导状语从句）on account of 因为（引导状语从句） by the reason of 由于，因为（引导状语）