Ⅰ 英语中考知识点
1、 as…as…结构：
You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.
你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。
Ⅱ 问几个中考英语语法知识点
1.in+时间段
意思是在一段时候后
on+具体时间on
sunday
morning
at+时间点
at
8:00
a.m.in
the
afternoon
on+形容词+afternoon
in
afternoon
of
in
july
on
chritmas
eve2.other
形容词+名词复数
others名词
the
other
另一个（one ....
the
othery一个....另一个）
the
others“其他的”是名词
特指3.raise及物动词
rise不及物动词4.what
+a/an+
形容词+名词what
+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数how
+形容词或副词how
+主语+谓语。eg：how
time
flies!时光飞逝5.by
car
6.就近原则7.widely
terribly加油中考
Ⅲ 中考英语重点语法点有哪些具体一点，谢谢
初中知识点巧记
英语学习
动词为纲“滚雪球” 难易编组抓循环
同类归纳印象深 图示介词最直观
混淆多因形音义 反义词语成对念
构词方法不可忘 习惯用语集中练
词不离句法最好 课外阅读莫间断
be 的用法口诀
我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它；
单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。
变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。
变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。
疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。
时间名词前所用介词的速记歌
年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。
遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。
要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。
午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。
at也用在明分前，说“差”可要用上to，
说“过”只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记，
莫让岁月空蹉跎。
记住f(e)结尾的名词复数
妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；
躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。
巧记48个国际音标
单元音共十二，四二六前中后。
双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。
辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊，
四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，
有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。
非谓语动词的一些特殊用法后只接不定式作宾语的一些常用特殊谓语动词
动词后，不定式，want, hope和wish，
agree, decide, mean, manage, promise,
expect, pretend,且说两位算在此，
要记牢，要记住，掌握它们靠自己。英语学习小窍门
后接动词不定式做宾语补足语省略不定式符号“to”的一些常用特殊动词
一些动词要掌握，have, let和make,
此三动词是使役，“注意”“观察”“听到”see，
还有feel和watch，使用它们要仔细，
后接“宾补”略去“to”，此点千万要牢记
除此之外，还可以掌握“八字言”，
一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch
后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词
特殊动词接“动名”，使用它们要记清，
“放弃”“享受”可“后悔”，
“坚持”“练习”必“完成”，
“延期”“避免”非“介意”
掌握它们今必行。
动名词在句中的功能及其它
“动名”语法其功能，名词特征有动、形，主宾表定都可作，“动名”、“现分”要认清，“现分”不作“宾”和“主”，
动名作“状”可不行。二词皆可作定语，混为一谈不允许，主谓关系视分词，“动名”一词无此义。
现在分词形式及在句子中的作用（包括过去分词的作用）：
现在分词真好记，动词后面ING。它的作用真不小，可以充当定状表。
还有宾语补足语，忘记此项不可以。
分词做定语的位置及其它
“定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。
单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。
分词短语在词后，“定从”和它互对照。
“现分”动作进行时，“过分”动作完成了。
（注：“定分”：做定语的分词；“定从”：定语从句；“现分”：现在分词；“过分”：过去分词。）
分词做状语在句子中所表示的意义
分词做状语，概有七意义。“
时间”和“原因”，“结果”与“目的”。
“方式”加“伴随”，“条件”常出席。
且谈其主语，谓语头前的*。
欲要记住它，必须常练习。（*指句子的主语）
独立主格结构
独立结构要认清：名、代之后副或形。
或是分词或“介短”，with结构不可轻，
名代二词是其“主”，句子结构必分明
独立结构好掌握 句中作用只一个：
千变万化皆做“状”，其中意义也不多。
“时间”“条件”和“原因”，“方式”“伴随”没别的。
“状从”和其前三个，可以互变不难学。
英语分数巧记
英语分数不费事，“母序子基”四个字。
分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。
字母“oo”读音歌
“oo”发[u:]最常见，非重音中要短念。
字母“k”前不能长，“好脚站木羊毛”短。
“血”与“水灾”真特殊，“oo”读[Λ]细分辨。
“oo”加“r”读作[ ]，“poor”读[ ]好可怜。
注：“好脚站木”即：good,foot,stood,wood
第二句也可以是：“d、k之前oo短，“foot”、“food”恰相反。
1.长音：bloom,boot,cool,foot,moon,root,school,soon,too,troop,room,zoo
2.弱读短：classroom,schoolroom,workroom,bedroom,boyhood
3.k前短：book,brook,cook,look,shook,took
4.[ ]:door,floor
“I Drop Caps”
在某些表示请求、命令、建议等动词后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用动词原形或should+动词原形。
I—insist, d—denand, r—request/require/recommend, o—order, p—propo巧辨只在一言中
1.Her elder sister is three years older than she.
她姐姐比她大三岁。
2.He looked around,but saw nothing.
他环顾四周，什么也没看见。
3.He listened,but could hear nothing.
他侧耳细听，什么也没听到。
4.The old man raised his head,facing the rising sun.
老人抬起头，面对冉冉升起的太阳。
5.He is very interested in the interesting film.
se, c—command, a—advise, p—preqersic, s—suggest
他对那个有趣的片子很感兴趣。
6.He received his invitation but didn't accept it.
他收到了请柬，但没有接受。
7.Will you lend me the book you borrowed from the library yesterday?
把你昨天从图书馆借的那本书给我看看好吗？
8.They planted a few trees,but few of them are alive.
他们种了几棵树，但没几棵成活的。
9.He asked me for a little ink,but I had little myself.
他向我要一点墨水，可我自己的墨水也没多少。
10.Do you speak everyday English every day?
你天天讲日常英语吗？
11.Sometimes I spend some time on novels.
有时，我花点时间看小说。
12.Eleetricety was not discovered by Edison,but he invented the electric light.
电不是爱迪生发现的，但他发明了电灯。
13.Nothing is permitted,everything is allowed.
一切都有不（明文）准许，但也不（明文）禁止。
14.Both of them went out but neither came back.
他们两个人都出去了，但一个也没回来。
15.English is fairly useful,but it is rather difficult to learn.
英语相当有用，但相当难学。
巧记英文信封的写法
A.可以记住汉字“尖”字，先写小地名，再写大地名。
B.将竖式汉文写法的信封，按顺时针方向旋至水平位置。这样，地址的排列顺序恰巧是英文信封的书写格式。
巧记家庭成员
爹father 娘mother 哥哥弟弟brother 姐姐妹妹sister.
long before 和before long
long 在前（long before)，“很久前”， long在后(before long)，“不久后”。
巧记lie和lay
躺 lie,lay,lain,lie in bed again;
撒谎 lie,lied,lied,don't be a liar;
产蛋 lay,laid,laid,a hen laid an egg;
放置 A loy picked it up,and laid it in the bag.
开、闭音节歌
开音节，音节开，
一元字母在后排；
不怕一辅堵后门，
还有哑e在门外。
（拍手念）a,e,o,u,i
就读a,e,o,u,i
闭音节，音节闭，
一元字母生闷气；
辅音字母堵后门，
一元字元音短急。
（拍手念）a,e,o,u,i
要读[ ]
out of question和out of the question
无the“无问题”，（毫无疑问）
有the“有问题”，（不可能）
ie和ei歌
e-i和i-e,两者都可读作[i:]
i总要走在前，除非前面是个c
(ceiling,believe,field,receive,piece)
基数词变序数词歌
基变序，有规律
词尾加上-ed(fourth,sixth)
一、二、三，特殊例，
结尾字母t,d,d(first,second,third)
八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth)
ve要用 f替;(fifth,twelfth)
ty将y改成i,
th前面有个e。
若是碰到几十几，
前用基来后用序。
巧记以-o结尾加-es的词
A.“两人两菜”（hero,negro,potato,tomato)
B.一句话 Negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes
C。有生命的加Es，无生命的加-s.
巧记不规则名词单变复
男女脚步牙鹅，老鼠加虱婆。
man-men; woman-women; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice; louse-lice.
WITHSPEM
有些动词用过去完成时，常表示“想做而未做”的意思。可巧记其首字为组成的
“withspem”，代表：wish,intend,think,hope,suppose,plan,expect,mean
Fanboys
要求前后 对称的词语，包括可有并列连词，其中最常见的是for,and,nor,but,or,get,so 为了便于记忆，可将其首字母连成“fanboys”.（此外，还有both...and,neither...nor,not only...but also,以及表示比较的词语than,as...as,not so ...as,prefer...to,nather than等
从句之要素
从语法结构的角度看，任何从句都有三个要素，即时态与主句要响应，关联词使用要恰当，主要结构不倒装。
规则动词加Ed的读音
清读[t]，浊元[d]
t、d后面读[id]
一句话记名词所有格的构成分式和用法
The children's teacher asked a friend of tom's to bring him some students' books on the first day of the month.
一句话记清辅音浊化
Some youths are walking along the paths to have baths in the houses with something in their mouths.
加-ing要双写的常见动词
一个m，两个d和g
(swim) (nod,rid) (dig,beg)
三n，四p，十个t
(run,win,begin)
(dip,drop,mop,stop)
(sit,hit,fit,set,get,let,put,regret,forget,pat)
(下加线的词，构成过去式、过去分词时，也须双写尾字母）
五种基本句型歌
英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。
句型种类为动词，后接什么是关键；
系词后面接表语；vi独身无牵连；
vt又可分三类，单宾双宾最常见，
还有宾语补足语；各种搭配记心间。
五种基本句型：
1.主语+系动词+表语
2.主语+不及物动词
3.主语+及物动词+宾语
4.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
5.主语+及物动词+宾语1+宾语2
对划线部分提问的程序
一代（用疑问词代替划线部分），
二移（把疑问词移至句首）
三倒（颠倒主谓语，但对主语或其定语提问时除外）
四抄（照抄其它部分）
直接引语转换为间接引语时人称代词转换规律
一从主 He said to Tom,“I can help them.”
He said to Tom that he could help them.
二从宾 He said to her,“You can help them.”
He told her that she could help them.
三不变 He said to Tom,“They can help them.”
He told Tom that they could help them.
祈使句变为间接引语的规律
一改 （主句谓语动词）
二变 （呼语为间接宾语）
三加 （to）
四去 （please）
不带to的不定式作宾补
不定式，不带to,九个动词要记住，
一听（hear）二看（see,watch）三感觉（feel,notice,observe），make,let和have；
作宾补，是秃头；当主补时要带to.
before和ago巧记
before带在点之前，ago总在段之后。
before时态不确定，过去时中用ago。
be在现在时中与人称的搭配
我是am，你是are,is跟随着他，她，它。
复数后面用什么，统统都是一个are。
肯定句变疑问句口诀
“是，情，助”，移向前，
主语其后把身安，
一般，现在，与过去，
do,does,did添在前，再改谓语为原形。
最后要把问号点。
be made of 和be made from 巧记
物质不变用of,物质变化from,如果物质不明白，可问君自何处来？
要求跟随动名词的动词
(1)“megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃),mind,miss,enjoy,give up,admit,avoid,finish,escape,practise.
(2)“makes (a) fit speach”mind,Avoid,keep,Enjoy,Suggest/Finish,Imagine,Think about,Spend,Practise,Excuse,escape,Can't help
要求跟不定式的动词
“要想干，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量干。”
A要求，想要，希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean)
B同意(agree,promise)
C意愿(care,hate,refuse)
D决定，企图(determine,decide,offer,attempt,try,manage)
要求跟不定式作宾补的动词
(1)劝教命请叫(advise,teach,order,command,ask,tell)
(2)允许又警告(allow,permit,warn)
(3)使役表意向(cause,let,have,make,lead,set,leave,get,wish,want,expect)
(4)知觉动词妙(feel,hear,watch,see,observe,notice)<省却to>
既跟动名词也跟不定式的动词
begin,start,continue,forget,remember,regret,intend,like,love,hate,try,mean.
用不定式和动名词造成的意义上的差别归为五点：
不定式 动名词
A）某一具体行动 指一般的、经常的情况
B）表示主语和宾语的动作 可能表示任何人的动作
C）主动 被动
D）未发生的事 已发生的事
E）短暂的或可能进行的事 延续的或重复发生的事
She hated to talk about people's shortcomings.
She hate talking about people's shortcomings.
She wants to repair the desk.
常见的要求跟动名词作宾语，跟不定式作宾语的动词有：
advise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,allow,permit.连接首字母即为A Fu's Cap（阿福的帽子）
阿福的帽子，代表七动词，宾补不定式，宾语动名词
Ex.—What is it that they permit?
—Some old magazines.
A.taking away B.being taken away
C.to take away D.to be taken away
Ⅳ 初中英语语法大全 中考版
初中英语语法知识难点整理
英语语法知识难点（一）
（一） 形容词和副词
I． 要点
A． 形容词
1、 形容词的用法
形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。：
He is honest and hardworking.
I found the book interesting.
某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：
The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
The English like to be with their families.
多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：
冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态（描述性）+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如：
the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2、 形容词比较等级的形式
（1） 规则形式
一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如：
great-greater-greatest
busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the)most important
（2） 不规则形式
good (well)-better-best
bad (ill)-worse-worst
many (much)-more-most
little-less-least
（3） 形容词比较等级的用法
①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如：
He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
②表示两者以上的比较，用"the +形容词最高级（+名词）+of(in) …"如：
He is the cleverest boy in his class.
③表示两者是同等程度，用"as +形容词原级+as". 如：
He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you.
④ 越… 越…
例如：The more I learn, the happier I am.
⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如：You can never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。
⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我担心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner.
这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。
⑦ My English is no better than yours.
我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。
B．副词
1、 副词的种类
（1） 时间副词 如：ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
（2） 地点副词 如：here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
（3） 方式副词 如：carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
（4） 程度副词 如：almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副词比较等级的用法
其用法与形容词相似，只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如：
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副词在用法上的区别
（1） already, yet, still
already表示某事物已经发生，主要用于肯定句；yet表示期待某事发生，主要用于否定句和疑问句；still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，有时也可用于否定句。如：
We've already watched that film.
I haven't finished my homework yet.
He still works until late every night.
（2） too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句，too和as well多用于口语，一般放在句末，而also多用于书面语，一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句，往往放在句末。如：
He went there too.
He didn't go there either.
I like you as well.
I also went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全不同。如：
I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意为"最近、近来"，late意为"晚、迟"。如：
He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
II． 例题
例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____
A high enough B tall enough
C enough high C enough tall
解析：该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.
A When I take more medicine
B The more medicine I take
C Taking more of the medicine
D More medicine taken
解析：该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…，越…。该句意为：吃的药越多，我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven't been to London yet".
"I haven't been there ____".
A too B also C either D neither
解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不"，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为"也"。
例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply
解析：该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时，修饰具体的深，如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词，如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词，不能互相修饰。
（二） 介词
I． 要点
1、介词和种类
（1） 简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
（2） 复合介词，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系
（1） 和动词的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
（2） 和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
（3） 和名词的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.
3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：
He came right after dinner.
He lives directly opposite the school.
4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例
（1） at, on, in（表时间）
表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
（2） between, among（表位置）
between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如
I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.
The village lies between three hills.
among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：
He is the best among the students.
（3） beside, besides
beside意为"在…旁边"，而besides意为"除…之外"。如：
He sat beside me.
What do you want besides this?
（4）in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上
（5）on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道
by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法
（6）in the corner, at the corner
in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外
（7）in the morning, on the morning
in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
（8）by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车
II． 例题
例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为"除了…"，C-beside意为"在…旁边"，不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为"除了…之外，还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？
例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D ring
解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。
例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析：该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为"期望、盼望"。
（三） 连词
I． 要点
1、 连词的种类
（1） 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。
（2） 从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。
除了从属连词（引导状语从句）外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词（引导名词性从句），关系代词和关系副词（引导定语从句）。
2、 常用连词举例
(1)and 和，并且
They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…and 和， 既…也…
Both my parents and I went there.
(3) but 但是，而
I'm sad, but he is happy.
(4) either…or 或…或…， 要么…要么…
Either you're wrong, or I am.
(5) for因为
I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.
(6) however 然而，可是
Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7) neither…nor 既不…也不
Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.
(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…
He not only sings well, but also dances well.
(9) or 或者，否则
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
Are you a worker or a doctor?
(10) so 因此，所以
It's getting late, so I must go.
(11) although 虽然
Although it was late, they went on working.
(12) as soon as 一 …就
I'll tell him as soon as I see him.
(13) because 因为
He didn't go to school, because he was ill.
（14）unless 除非，如果不
I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.
（15）until 直到…
He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)
He stayed there until eleven.
（16）while 当…时候，而 (表示对比)
While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)
My pen is red while his is blue.
（17）for 因为
He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的)
（18）since自从…
I have lived here since my uncle left.
（19）hardly… when 一…就
I had hardly got to the station when the train left.
（20）as far as 就… 来说
As far as I know, that country is very small.
You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)
II． 例题
例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A as well B as well as C so well D so well as
解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好。 和…一样好为as well as. 故该题正确答案为B。
例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A when B where C which D while
解析：该处意为"然而"，只有while有此意思，故选D。
例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise
解析：该处意为"或者"，正确答案为C。
英语语法知识难点（二）
（四）动词时态、语态
I． 要点
1、 一般现在时
（1） 表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes, always, often, every day等时间状语连用。如：
Sometimes, we go swimming after school.
（2） 表示客观真理、科学事实等。如：
The earth goes round the sun.
2、 现在进行时
(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present等时间状语连用。如：
What are you doing now?
(2) 和always, continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：
He is always doing good deeds.
3、 现在完成时
主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如:
Have you ever been to Beijing?
4、一般将来时
表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：
I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.
We're going to see a film next Monday.
5、一般过去时
表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如：
It happened many years ago.
6、过去进行时
表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如：
What were you doing this time yesterday?
7、 过去完成时
表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：
The train had already left before we arrived.
8、一般过去将来时
表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如：
He said he would come, but he didn't.
9、被动语态
被动语态的时态，以give为例。
（六）短语动词
I． 要点
英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体，其用法有的相当于及物动词，有的相当于不及物动词，有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征。英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种：
（1） 动词＋介词
常见的有look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at, hear of (from), add to, lead to等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：
Don't laugh at others.
I didn't care about it.
（2） 动词＋副词
常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：
You'll hand in your homework tomorrow.
Please don't forget to hand it in.
（3） 动词＋副词＋介词
常见的有look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catch up with等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：
All his money added up to no more than $100.
After a short rest, he went on with his research work.
（4） 动词＋名词＋介词
常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：
You should pay attention to your handwriting.
We should make full use of our time.
（5） 动词＋形容词
常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如：
The prisoners were set free.
He cut it open.
（6） 动词＋名词
常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如：
This story took place three years ago.
I make friends with a lot of people.
（7）辨析
give away(让给，暴露)和 give up（放弃，停止）
put away（放起，收起）和 put out （扑灭）
turn up（出席，放大）和 turn on （打开）
keep out（阻止）和 keep off （不让靠近）
make up（编造，补上）和 make out（辨认）
take off（脱，起飞）和 take out（拿出）
II． 例题
例1 It is wise to have some money ____ for old age.
A put away B kept up C given away D laid up
解析：该题正确答案为A。意为"存"；keep up意为"继续"；give away意为"分发"；lay up"贮藏"。
例2 Here's my card. Let's keep in ____.
A touch B relation C connection D friendship
解析：该题正确答案为A. keep in touch为短语动词，意为"保持联系"。
例3 ____! There's a train coming.
A Look out B Look around C Look forward D Look on
解析：该题选A. look out 意为"小心"。
（七）动词不定式
I． 要点
1、 不定式的形式。以动词write为例。
2、 不定式的句法功能
（1） 作主语
To hear from you is nice.
To be a good teacher is not easy.
不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主语，而不定式置于谓语动词后。如：
It's nice to hear from you.
It's not easy to be a good teacher.
（2） 作宾语
通常用于want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin, start, remember, agree, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help等词后。如：
I forgot to lock the door.
Please remember to write to me.
（3） 作表语
My job is to pick up letters.
He seemed to have heard nothing.
（4） 作定语
不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。如：
I have two letters to write.
I have a lot of work to do.
（5） 作宾补
通常用于want, wish, ask, order, tell, know, help, advise, allow, cause, force等词后。如：
He ordered her to leave at once.
He was forced to obey his order.
（6） 作状语
He got up early to catch the first bus.
He worked hard to catch up with the other students.
（7） 作独立成分
To tell you the truth, I told a lie.
（8） "疑问词＋不定式"结构。 如：
I don't know how to choose them.
I cannot decide where to go.
（9）不定式的否定式。如：
I decided not to go.
（10）不定式的完成式。如：
He seemed to have cleaned the room before I came in.
The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital last week.
（11）too…to 结构。如：
He was too excited to go to sleep.
He was only too glad to go. (他太高兴了，乐意去)
（12）主动表被动。如：
The book is easy to read.
I have a book to read.
II．例题
例1 I haven't got a chair ____.
A to sit B for to sit on C to sit on D for sitting
解析：该题选C。不定式to sit on在句中作定语，修饰名词chair. 因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是"动宾关系"，所以不定式必须是及物动词，故此处on不能省略。
例2 He was made ____.
A go B gone C going D to go
解析：该题选D。make sb. do sth. 如果是被动形式，不定式do前的to不能省略。
例3 A new factory is ____ very soon.
A to be built B built
C to build D to building
解析：该题选A。is to be built意为"将要被建"。
（八）动名词
I． 要点
动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。
1、 动名词的形式，以write为例。
否定式 not +动名词
2、 动名词的用法
（1） 作主语
Playing football is my favorite sport.
Travelling with friends at weekend is fun.
作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时，可用it作形式主语。如：
It is fun travelling with friends at weekend.
（2） 作宾语
I enjoy playing PC game.
He gave up writing five years ago.
（3） 作表语
What he hated most was doing nothing.
Seeing is believing.
动名词作表语时，句子的主语常是无生命名词或what引导的名词性从句。
（4） 作定语
There's a dining room in my school.
All the people watching laughed.
（5） 动名词的复合结构"物主代词（或名词的所有格）+动名词"。如：
Tom's going home late made her mother angry.
Would you mind my opening the window?
不过，动名词的逻辑主语在遇到以下情况时，必须用名词的普通格（或人称代词的宾格）。
①无生命名词
The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.
Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.
②有生命名词，但表泛指。
Have you ever heard of girls smoking?
③两个以上的有生命的名词并列。
Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you that day?
3．后面常接动名词的动词和短语
mind, enjoy, finish, consider, practise, magine,
keep, suggest, advise, allow, permit,
be worth doing, be used to doing, be busy doing,
can't help doing, it is no good doing, it is no use doing,
look forward to doing, stick to doing, pay attention to doing,
devote to doing, lead to doing
II．例题
例1 She says she doesn't feel like ____ out with you.
A going B to go C for going D went
解析：该题正确答案为A。 feel like = want, 此处like 为介词，后面要接名词或动名词作宾语
例2 The garden needs ____.
A water B watering C to water D watered
解析：该题正确答案为B。 need = want = require. 如果物作主语，此三者后要接动名词或to be done这一结构作宾语。
例3 Excuse me ____ you.
A interrupting B to interrupt
C interrupted D to have interrupted
解析：该题正确答案为A。excuse 后接动名词作宾语，此句中的me为动名词的逻辑主语（常用于口语中）。
（九）分词
I． 要点
分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容和副词的句法功能。它分为现在分词和过去分词两类。现在分词和过去分词的主要差别在于现在分词有一般式和完成式，过去分词则只有一般式。现在分词表动作正在进行，表主动。过去分词及物动词表动作已经完成，表被动。过去分词不及物动词表动作已经完成，表主动。
Ⅳ 中考英语所有需要掌握的语法知识点资料
英语是需要积累的。多听些英文歌曲，不要因为听不懂就不听了。多读一些英语文章什么的。培养语感也很重要。我建议你多看些《新概念英语》什么的，对提高英语很有帮助的。建立错题本很重要，时不时的拿出来看下，并总结经验。
Ⅵ 中考英语重点语法，句型
一、常使用动词不定式的短语
1、It’s time to do sth.\ It’s time for sth
该作某事的时候了.
2、can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要作某事
3、ask (telle sb. (not ) to do sth.
要求/告诉某人(不)作某事
4、allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人作某事
5、be supposed to do sth. 应该作某事
6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要作某事
7、have sth/nothing to do 有…时要做/与…无关
8、find it +adj. to do sth. 发觉作某事…
9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿作某事,而不愿作某事
10、It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth.作某事对某人来说…
11、It’s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事
12、It takes sb. st. to do sth. 某人做某事用了一些时间二、常用动名词的短语
1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜欢做某事
2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth. 继续做某事
3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
4、practice doing sth. 练习作某事
5、give up doing sth. 放弃作某事
6、be good at/ do well in doing sth. 擅长作某事
7、pay attention to doing sth. 注意作某事
8、what about/ how about doing sth.….怎么样(好吗)?
9、Thank you for doing sth. 为…感谢某人
10、mind doing sth. 介意作某事
11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 、被用来作某事
12、spend …(in) doing sth. 花时间作某时
13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于作某事
14、finish doing sth. 作完某时
15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事
16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…胜过…
17、be/get used to doing sth. 习惯作某事
18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事 三、省略动词不定式的短语
1、一看二听三使役
see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth.
看见/听见/感觉/注意某人作某事
make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事
2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.帮助某人作某事
3、 had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
4、 Why don’t you/ not do sth.为什么不作某事
5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth.
请你(不)作某事好吗?四、同义词比较
1、stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去作另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止正在作的事
eg. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.
2、 forget / remember to do sth.忘记/记得要去作某事
forget / remember doing sth. 忘记记得曾经做过某事
eg. Please remember to bring my book to school.
I remember doing my homework
3、 used to do sth. 过去常常作某事
be used to do sth. 被用来作某事
be used to doing sth. 习惯于作某事
eg. My father used to smoke.
Wood is used to make paper.
I am used to getting up early.
4、So +be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语
…也一样
So +主语+be/助动词/ 情态动词
是呀,表示赞同别人的观点
Neither + be /助动词/ 情态动词+主语
…也不一样（用于否定句）
eg. He has been to Beijing. So have I.
It’s a fine day. So it is.
She doesn’t like eggs. Neither do I.
5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能…
so +adj. /adv + that(从句) 如此…以致…
such +（a/an +adj.）+n.+ that(从句) 如此…以致…
(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事(不)够
eg. The boy is too young to go to school.
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.
The boy is not old enough to go to school.五、常考知识点
1、keep +adj. 保持…状态
keep (sb.) doing sth.
继续做某事/使某人老是做某事
eg. Everyone should keep our classroom clean.
It’s too late, but he still keeps working.
Lily always keeps us waiting for her.
2、make + n. 使某人成为
make + sb. + adj. 使某人…
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事
eg. We made Peter our monitor.
Books make us happy.
He often makes me laugh.
The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
3、I don’t think that 我认为…不
eg. I don’t think you are right.
4、It’s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般过去时… 自从…以来有多久了
eg. It has been two years since we met last time.
6、 What do you mean by/ What does .. mean?
是什么意思?
eg. What do you mean by “computer”?/What does “computer”mean?
7、 What do you think of…/How do you like …?
你认为…怎么样?
eg. What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?
8、 What is/was/will …be like? ..怎么样?
eg. What is the weather like?
What will the life in the future be like?
9、 It’s said/ reported that… 据说/据报道
eg. It’s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.
10、one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数
…其中之一
eg. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
11、neither…nor… 既不…也不（两者都不）
either…or…要么…要么/或者…或者/不是…就是
not only…but also… 不但…而且
以上三个词做主语时,要用就近原则
eg. Neither you nor he has been to the USA.
Either he or you go to the park.
Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.
neither of 两者都不
either of 两者选一
none of 没有一个
以上三个做主语时，谓语动词用单数
All of 全部 Both of 两者都
以上二个做主语时，谓语动词用复数
12、比较级+ than +any other +名词单数
…比其余任何一个…
比较级+ than + the other+名词复数
eg. Shanghai is bigger than any other city/the other cities in China.
13、When（当…的时候）, if （如果）, as soon as（一…就）, until（直到…才）, unless（除非/如果…不）这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,主句要用一般将来时.
eg. I will call you when he comes.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
As soon as I get to Beijing, I’ll come to see you.
He won’t go to bed until his parents come back.
Unless you work hard, you won’t catch up with others.