A. 初一上下册英语语法知识点总结
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一．短语：
1 ．be from = come from 来自于----
2． live in 居住在---
3． on weekends 在周末
4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人
5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国
6．pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目
7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约
8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎
9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动
二．重点句式：
1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where’s the post office?
一． Asking ways: (问路)
1． Where is (the nearest) ……？ （最近的）……在哪里？
2． Can you tell me the way to ……？ 你能告诉我去……的路吗？
3． How can I get to ……？ 我怎样到达……呢？
4． Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……吗？
5． Which is the way to ……？ 哪条是去……的路？
二．Showing the ways: （指路）
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。
3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。
5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（You’d better+动词原形）
三．词组
1. across from …… 在……的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面
2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之间
between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间
among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
课室前面有棵树。
in the front of…… 在……（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
课室内的前部有张桌子。
5. behind…… 在……后面 behind my house 在我家后面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边
on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿着……（街道） down/along Center Street 沿着中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端
in the beginning 起初，一开始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快
我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐出租车
16. 到达：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17．go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路
go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林
18．on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三．重难点解析
1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。
到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。
2．hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。
hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。
（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。）
3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17．go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路
go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林
18．on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三．重难点解析
1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。
到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing.
2．hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。
hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。
（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。）
3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。
三. 重点难点释义
1、kind of 有点，稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。
kind 还有“种类”的意思
如：各种各样的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的
它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟，同，和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时，
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后，如：
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…
I often play with my pet dog.
Don’t play with water!
5、day和night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。
通常说in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 叶子
复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小时；点钟
hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”， 即：an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 来自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. （食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修
饰，即：much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 语法知识
特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。
特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：
1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如：
What’s your grandfather’s telephone number? 你爷爷的电话号码是多少？
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？
Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？
When is he going to play the piano? 他什么时候弹钢琴？
Where does he live? 他住在哪儿？
How are you? 你好吗？
How old are you? 你多大了？
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有几个兄弟姐妹？
2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如：
Who is on ty today?
今天谁值日？
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老师？
我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。
例如：
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢？
What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样？
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一．短语：
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人
3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
二．重点句式及注意事项：
1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job?
三． 本单元中的名词复数。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves 21 |
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1) 七年级下册英语语法点总结(1) 分类：英语学习
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from? 一．短语：
1 ．be from = come from 来自于---- 2． live in 居住在---
3． on weekends 在周末
4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人 5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国
6．pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目 7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约 8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎 9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动 二．重点句式：
1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/ 2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
三． 本单元中的名词复数。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves 21 |
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1) 七年级下册英语语法点总结(1) 分类：英语学习
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from? 一．短语：
1 ．be from = come from 来自于---- 2． live in 居住在---
3． on weekends 在周末
4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人 5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国
6．pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目 7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约 8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎 9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动 二．重点句式：
1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from
三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English
我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday. 14. have a good trip 旅途愉快 15. take a taxi 坐出租车
16. 到达：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家 arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing. arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank. reach +地方
17．go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路 go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林 18．on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street 三．重难点解析
1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事 I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。
到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing. I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。
2．hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。 hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。
（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。）
3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。 If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket. 如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。 四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears? 一．重点词组
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals at night in the day every day ring the day 二. 交际用语
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they’re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they’re kind of interesting. 3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa. 4. What other animals do you like? I like dogs, too
B. 求初一上册英语所有知识点总结
初一上册英语所有知识点及练习：
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. Sit down
2. on ty
3. in English
4. have a seat
5. at home
6. look like
7. look at
8. have a look
9. come on
10. at work
11. at school
12. put on
13. look after
14. get up
15. go shopping
II. 重要句型
1. help sb. do sth.
2. What about…?
3. Let’s do sth.
4. It’s time to do sth.
5. It’s time for …
6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s…
7. Where is…? It’s….
8. How old are you? I’m….
9. What class are you in? I’m in….
10. Welcome to….
11. What’s …plus…? It’s….
12. I think…
13. Who’s this? This is….
14. What can you see？ I can see….
15. There is (are) ….
16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s (They’re)…
17. Whose …is this? It’s….
18. What time is it? It’s….
III. 交际用语
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….
2. Hello! Hi!
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?
5. See you. See you later.
6. Thank you! You’re welcome.
7. Goodbye! Bye!
8. What’s your name? My name is ….
9. Here you are. This way, please.
10. Who’s on ty today?
11. Let’s do.
12. Let me see.
IV. 重要语法
1. 动词be的用法；
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；
3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；
4. 冠词的基本用法；
5. There be句型的用法。
【名师讲解】
1. in/on
在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如：
There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。
There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。
2. this/that/these/those
(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例如：
You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。
I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。
Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。
This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的，那个是你的。
These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果，那些是橘子。
(2)在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。例如：
This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁？
3. There be/ have
There be "有"，其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是：There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语，be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。例如：
(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。
(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。
(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。
总之，There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如：
(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。
(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。
4. look/ see/ watch
(1)look 表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如：
Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。
Look! What’s that over there? 看！那边那个是什么？
单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如：
He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。
(2)see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如：
What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么？
Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？
(3)watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如：
Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。
4. put on/ / in
put on意为“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。
in 是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如：
It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。
The woman in a white blouse is John’s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。
5. house/ home/family
house ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“，“家庭成员”。例如：
Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。
He is not at home. 他不在家。
My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。
6. fine, nice, good, well
四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于：
(1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细"，形容人时表示的是"身体健康"，也
可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如：
Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。
That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。
It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。
(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如：
Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。
These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。
Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。
It's very nice of you. 你真好。
(3)good形容人时指"品德好"，形容物时指"质量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如：
Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。
The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。
(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好"，但不能作定语，它也能用作副词作状语，多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如：
I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好，谢谢。
My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在：
1. 动词be的用法；
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；
3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；
4. 冠词的基本用法；
5. There be句型的用法。
6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；
7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。
考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考试题)
Mary, please show ________ your picture.
A. my B. mine C. I D. me
【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。本题中动词show后面跟双宾语，空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。
2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题)
_________ orange on the desk is for you, Mike.
A. A B.An C. / D. The
【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子，所以用定冠词the。
3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题)
---What _______ the number of the girls in your class?
---About twenty.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
【解析】答案：A。该题考查的是动词be的用法和主谓一致。the number作主语，应该是单数第三人称，动词be变为is。
4. (2004年陕西省中考试题)
There _______ a football match on TV this evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是There be…句型和动词have用法区别。There be句型本身就表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”，不能和动词have混在一起用。
【满分演练】
一. 单项填空
1. ---What colour is the bike?
---It’s _______ orange.
A. an B. a C. / D. the
2. That isn’t her bag. It’s ________.
A. my B. I C. mine D. me
3. ---Oh, your kite is very nice.
---__________________.
A. That’s right B. No, it’s not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you
4. The woman is sixty, but she _______ young.
A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches
5. It’s time ________ lunch. Let’s go home.
A. to B. in C. for D. on
6. ---________ is your coat?
---The black one.
A. What B. Where C. Which D. How
7. ---________ is the toy?
---It’s on the bed.
A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose
8. The shoes are too old. Put ________ over there.
A. it B. they C. their D. them
9. Excuse me. Can you _______ my watch, please?
A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at
10. Look _______ the blackboard and listen _______ the teacher.
A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after
11. ---Whose dress is this?
---It’s _________.
A. Lucy B. Lucy’s C. Jim D. Jim’s
12. The girl ______ the purple coat is his sister.
A. at B. in C. on D. with
13. There is a bird ______ the tree.
A. in B. on C. to D. of
14. There are many ________ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. woman teacher
C. women teacher D. women teachers
15. ---Is there a ball under the desk?
---______________________.
A. Yes, it is B. Yes, there’s
C. No, there isn’t D. No, there is
16. There _______ some books and a pencil on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
17. ---Let me help you.
---_______________.
A. You’re welcome B. Thanks very much
C. Don’t worry D. Yes, thanks
18. ______ old man is ______ English teacher.
A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a
19. ---What _____ five plus six?
---It’s eleven.
A. am B. is C. are D. /
20. ---What ______ you see in the picture?
---I can see some flowers.
A. must B. can C. are D. do
二. 完形填空
This is a picture of Kat’s ____1____. What can we ____2_____ in the picture? Look ____3____ it, please. The man ____4____ the black coat is Kate’s father, Mr. Green. The ____5____ in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They ____6____ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kate’s ____7_____, Jim. ___8____ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, he’s ____9___ brother, Mr. Read. He ____10____ young, too.
1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers
2. A. look B. do C. see D.put
3. A. at B. after C. for D. up
4. A. on B. of C. in D. to
5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman
6. A. are B. is C. look like D. looking
7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt
8. A. What’s B. Where’s C. Who’s D. How is
9. A. his B. her C. our D. their
10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very
三. 在B栏中找出A栏英语句子的正确答语
(A) (B)
1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6.
2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you.
3. How do you do? C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.
4. What row are you in? D. It is ten.
5. What’s two plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too.
6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14.
7. How old are you? G. Wang Ping is.
8. Who’s not here? H. It’s here.
9. Where is the bag? I. It’s a book.
10. What is this in English? J. How do you do?
四. 完成对话：在对话后面的句子中选出正确的填入空白处
Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours?
Ann: Let me have a look.________1_______. I think it’s Sam’s. My dog is brown.
Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind the tree.________2__________?
Sam: Sorry, it isn’t mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Mary’s.
Jim: _____________3______________?
Sam: She’s my friend. Look! She’s over there. Let’s go and ask her.
Jim: _______________4_______________.
Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?
Mary: _______________5_______________.
Sam: It’s a lovely dog! Don’t lose it!
Mary: Yes, thank you.
A. Who’s Mary
B. OK, let’s go
C. Oh, no it’s not mine
D. Oh, yes. It’s mine
E. Is it yours
五. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. ________ (He) pen is in ______ (I) pencil-box.
2. ________ (You) shoes ________ (be) under the bed.
3. ________ (Who) new ruler is this?
4. ---Are these trousers _______ (you)?
---No, they aren’t ________ (we)
5. It’s time ________ (go) and play games.
6. This is my pen. Please give it to ________ (I).
7. I have two ________ (baby).
8. Look! That is a ________ (China) car.
9. It is __________ (my teacher) sweater.
10. Now her ________ ( parent) are in America.
六. 阅读理解
(A)
Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.
根据短文的内容，判断下列句子的正误：正确地答“A”，错误的答“B”。
1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.
2. He has two brothers and a sister.
3. There are five people in his family.
4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school.
5. “He is an apple in their eyes” means “They love him very much”.
(B)
Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's.
1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can see __________.
A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed
2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They are ________.
A. green B. black C. brown
3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on _________.
A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C. lily's bed
4. How many beds are there in the room? ________.
A. only one B. three C. two
5. Are there any things on Lily's bed? ________.
A. Yes, there is a hat on it
B. No, there is not anything on it
C. Sorry, I don't know
(C)
It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are many people in it. Some of them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. They are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.
There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the Great Wall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see it very much.
1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall __________.
A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus
2. There are __________.
A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two Chinese in the bus
C. only two Chinese on the bike D. only one Chinese in the car
3. The driver is __________.
A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. an American
4. The people __________.
A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall
5. They __________.
A. can see the Great Wall B. can speak English very well.
C. want to talk with the man very much D. want to see the Great Wall very much
C. 初一新目标英语第三、四单元词组总结
computer game 电子游戏
play computer games玩电脑游戏
call sb．at … 拨（某电话号码）找某人
lost and found 失物招领
a set of 一串，一列，一套，一副
thanks for 为……感谢 = thank you for
family photo 全家福照片
a photo of your family 你家人的照片 = your family photo
under the table 在桌子下
on the sofa 在沙发上
in the backpack 在背包里
math book 数学书
alarm clock 闹钟
video tape 录象带
take … to … 把……拿(去)给……
bring … to … 把……带(来)给……
on the floor 在地板上
D. 初一的英语知识点
英语初一的知识点是较为基础的，所以知识点相对来说会比较少，而且比较容易。以下是我为大家整理的初一英语知识点总结归纳人教版知识点，以供大家参考借鉴!
一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写
要熟练掌握元音和辅音，5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。
二、be动词的用法
be动词有三种变形，分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:
"我"用am, "你"用are, is用于"他、她、它";单数全都用is，复数全部都用are。
三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)
1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we)，第二人称(you, you)，第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人称代词的主格，即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人称代词的宾格，即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
四、基数词(表示数量多少的词，大致相当于代数里的自然数)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。
五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。
2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。
六、可数名词变复数
可数名词变复数时，有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1、规则变化:
(1)一般情况直接在词尾加"-s "，如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;
(2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词，要在词尾加"-es "，如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加"-es "，如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;
(4)部分以f (e)结尾的词，变f (e)为"ves "，如:knife-knives, half-halves等;
(5)以o结尾的词，加"-s "或"-es "，如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了"英雄"hero外，凡是能吃的，加"-es "，不能吃的加"-s "。
2、不规则变化:
(1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;
(2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;
(3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。
E. 初一下英语知识点总结
初一年级（下）
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. a bottle of
2. a little
3. a lot (of)
4. all day
5. be from
6. be over
7. come back
8. come from
9. do one’s homework
10. do the shopping
11. get down
12. get home
13. get to
14. get up
16. have a drink of
18. have breakfast
19. have lunch
20. have supper
21. listen to
22. not…at all
23. put…away
24. take off
25. throw it like that
26. would like
27. in the middle of the day
28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening
29. on a farm
30. in a factory
II. 重要句型
1. Let sb. do sth.
2. Could sb. do sth.?
3. would like sth.
4. would like to do sth.
5. What about something to eat?
6. How do you spell …?
7. May I borrow…?
III. 交际用语
1. —Thanks very much!
—You're welcome.
2. Put it/them away.
3. What's wrong?
4. I think so.
I don't think so.
5. I want to take some books to the classroom.
6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.
Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.
9. What's your favourite sport?
10. Don't worry.
11.I’m (not) good at basketball.
12. Do you want a go?
13. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
15. We / They have some CDs.
We / They don’t have any CDs.
16. ---What day is it today / tomorrow?
---It’s Monday.
17. ---May I borrow your colour pens, please?
---Certainly. Here you are.
18. ---Where are you from?
---From Beijing.
19. What's your telephone number in New York?
20. ---Do you like hot dogs?
---Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)
---No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.)
21. ---What does your mother like?
---She likes mplings and vegetables very much.
22. ---When do you go to school every day?
---I go to school at 7:00 every day.
23. ---What time does he go to bed in the evening?
---He goes to bed at 10:00.
IV. 重要语法
1.人称代词的用法；
2. 祈使句；
3. 现在进行时的构成和用法；
4．动词have的用法；
5．一般现在时构成和用法；
6．可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法
【名师讲解】
1. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
That’s right意为“对的”，表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为，肯定对方的答案或判断。例如：
"I think we must help the old man.""我想我们应该帮助这位老人。"
"That's right."或 "You're right.""说得对"。
That’s all right.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”，用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。例如：
"Many thanks." "That's all right."
"Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."
All right.意为“行了”、“可以”，表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示“身体很好”
"Please tell me about it." "请把此事告诉我。"
"All right.""好吧。"
Is your mother all right?你妈身体好吗
2. make/do
这两个词都可以解释为“做”，但含义却不同，不能混用。make指做东西或制东西，do指做一件具体的事。
Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能为我做个纸船吗？
He’s doing his homework now.他正在做他的作业。
3. say/speak/talk/tell
say：是最口语化的最普通的一个词，意为“说出”、“说道”，着重所说的话。如：
“I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他说，“我要坐汽车到那里去。”
Please say it in English .请用英语说。
speak : “说话”，着重开口发声，不着重所说的内容，一般用作不及物动词 (即后面不能直接接宾语 ) 。如：
Can you speak about him? 你能不能说说他的情况？
I don’t like to speak like this. 我不喜欢这样说话。
speak 作及物动词解时，只能和某种语言等连用，表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。如：
She speaks English well.她英语说得好。
talk : 与 speak 意义相近，也着重说话的动作，而不着重所说的话，因此，一般也只用作不及物动词， 不过，talk 暗示话是对某人说的，有较强的对话意味，着重指连续地和别人谈话。如：
I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他谈那件事。
Old women like to talk with children.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。
tell : “告诉”，除较少情况外，一般后面总接双宾语。如：
He’s telling me a story.他在给我讲故事。
tell a lie 撒谎
tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.
Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.
4. do cooking/ do the cooking
do cooking 作“做饭”解，属泛指。do the cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking为动名词，不能用作复数，但前面可用 some, much修饰。从do some cooking可引出许多类似的短语：
do some washing 洗些衣服
do some shopping 买些东西
do some reading 读书
do some writing 写些东西
do some fishing 钓鱼
从以上短语可引申出另一类短语，不能用some, much或定冠词。
go shopping 去买东西
go fishing 去钓鱼
go boating 去划船
go swimming 去游泳
5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.
like doing sth. 与like to do sth. 意思相同，但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动作的习惯性和经常性；后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如：
He likes playing football, but he doesn‘t like to play football with Li Ming.
他喜欢踢足球，但是他不喜欢和李明踢。
6. other/ others/ the other/ another
other表其余的，别的，
Have you any other questions?你还有其他问题吗?
others 别的人，别的东西
In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是
美国人,其他的是法国人。
the other表另一个（二者之中）one…，the other…
One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.
我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。
another表三者以上的另一个，另一些
There is room for another few books on the shelf.书架上还可以放点书。
7. in the tree/ on the tree
in the tree 与 on the tree.译成中文均为"在树上"但英语中有区别。in the tree表示某人、某事（不属于树本身生长出的别的东西）落在树上，表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时，要使用on the tree.如：
There are some apples on the tree. 那棵树上有些苹果。
There is a bird in the tree. 那棵树上有只鸟。
8. some/ any
(1)some和 any既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要
注意。
some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如：
There is some water in the glass.
Is there any water in the glass?
There isn't any water in the glass.
(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中，或在表示请求，邀请的疑问句中，我们依然用some。如：
Would you like some tea?
9. tall/ high
(1)说人，动物，树木等有生命的东西，主要用tall，不用high，例如
a tall woman 一个高个子妇女
a tall horse 一个高大的马
(2)说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时，要用high，而不用tall，比如人站在桌子上时，飞机飞上天时，例如：
He is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在树上。
The plane is so high in the sky. 飞机在空中这么高。
(3)指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以，不过high的程度比tall高。
(4)high可作副词，tall不能。
(5)tall的反义词为short, high的反义词为low.
10. can/ could
(1) can表示体力和脑力方面的能力，或根据客观条件能做某种动作的"能力
"。例如：
Can you ride a bike？ 你会骑自行车吗？
What can I do for you？ 要帮忙吗？
Can you make a cake？你会做蛋糕吗？
(2) can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的"怀疑""猜测"或不肯定。例如：
Where can he be？他会在什么地方呢？
Can the news be true？这个消息会是真的吗？
It surely can't be six o'clock already？不可能已经六点钟了吧？
You can't be hungry so soon，Tom，you've just had lunch.汤姆，你不可能饿得这么快，你刚吃过午饭。
What can he mean？他会是什么意思？
在日常会话中，can可代替may表示"允许"，may比较正式。例如：
You can come in any time.你随时都可以来。
--- Can I use your pen？我能用你的钢笔吗？
--- Of course，you can.当然可以。
You can have my seat，I'm going now.我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。
(3) could
could 是 can的过去式，表示过去有过的能力和可能性（在否定和疑问句中）。例如：
The doctor said he could help him.（能力）医生说他能帮助他。
Lily could swim when she was four years old.（能力）
当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳。
At that time we thought the story could be true.（可能性）
那时我们以为所说的可能是真的。
could可代替can表示现在时间的动作，但语气较为婉转。例如：
Could I speak to John，please？我能和约翰说话吗？
Could you？在口语中表示请求对方做事。例如：
Could you wait half an hour？请你等半个小时好吗？
Could you please ring again at six？六点钟请你再打电话好吗？
(4) can的形式
只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式。能表示一般现在和一般过去两种时态，有时也能表示将来。所有其他时态（包括将来时）须用be able to加动词不定式来表示。例如：
They have not been able to come to Beijing.
他们没有能到北京来。
11. look for/ find
look for 意为“寻找”，而find意为“找到，发现”，前者强调“找”这一动作，并不注重“找”的结果，而后者则强调“找”的结果。例如：
She can’t find her ruler. 她找不到她的尺子啦。
Tom is looking for his watch，but he can’t find it.汤姆正在寻找他的手表，但没能找到。
12. be sleeping/ be asleep
be sleeping 表示动作，意思是“正在睡觉”；be asleep 表示状态，意思是“睡着了”。如：
---What are the children doing in the room? 孩子们在房间里做什么？
---They are sleeping.他们正在睡觉。
The children are asleep now.现在孩子们睡着了。
13. often/ usually/sometimes
often 表示"经常"，sometimes表示"有时候"，在表示发生频率上often要高于usually，usually要高于sometimes。这三个词表示的是经常性，一般性的动作或情况，常与一般现在时连用，常位于主要谓语动词的前面，其他谓语动词（be动词，情态动词和助动词）的后面，有时也可位于句尾。如果要加强语气，则放在句首。
We usually play basketball after school.我们通常放学后打篮球。
Sometimes I go to bed early.有时，我睡觉很早。
He often reads English in the morning.他经常在早晨读英语。
14. How much/ How many
how much常用来询问某一商品的价格，常见句式是How much is / are…?
How much is the skirt? 这条裙子多少钱？
How much are the bananas? 这些香蕉多少钱？
how much后加不可数名词，表示数量，意为“多少“，how many后加可数名词的复数形式。
How much meat do you want? 你要多少肉呀？
How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少人？
15. be good for/ be good to/ be good at
be good for 表示"对……有好处"，而be bad for表示"对……有害"；be good to表示"对……友好"，而be bad to表示"对……不好"；be good at表示"擅长，在……方面做得好"，而be bad at表示"在……方面做得不好"。
Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
Eating too much is bad for you health.吃的太多对你的身体有害。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。
The boss is bad to his workers.这个老板对他的工人不好。
Li Lei is good at drawing, but I'm bad at it.李雷擅长画画，但是我不擅长。
16. each/ every
each 和every都有"每一个"的意思，但含义和用法不相同。each从个体着眼，every从整体着眼。each 可用于两者或两者以上，every只用于三者或三者以上。
We each have a new book.
我们每人各有一本新书。
There are trees on each side of the street.
街的两旁有树。
He gets up early every morning.
每天早晨他都起得早。
each可以用作形容词、副词和代词；every只能用作形容词。
Each of them has his own ty.
他们各人有各人的义务。
They each want to do something different.
他们每个人都想做不同的事情。
17. 一般现在时/现在进行时
一般现在时表示经常性的或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也表示说话者的能力，还有自然现象；而现在进行时表示正在进行或发生的动作（构成方式为am/is /are/+doing）。
I do my homework in the evening.
我在晚上做作业。
I'm doing my homework now.
我现在正在做作业。
现在进行时常与now, these days, at the moment 或Look, listen等词连用；而一般现在时常与often, always, sometimes, usually, every day, in the morning, on Mondays等连用。
We often clean the classroom after school.
我们经常放学后打扫教室。
Look! They are cleaning the classroom .
看！他们正在打扫教室呢。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在：
1．动词一般现在时和现在进行时的用法，人称代词的用法，可数名词和不可数
名词的构成和用法。
2．本册书中常见的交际用语
3．本册书中一些重点的词组和短语
考试形式往往是单项填空、完形填空、短文改错和短文填空。
F. 2010年，七年级上册英语各单元知识点总结
初一英语上学期期中复习
【学习目标】
一、语音知识
※1.
※2. 单词重读
'dinner 'kitchen 'shower 'people for'get pi'ano de'licious re'view
二、词汇
※ 1. 1－6单元黑体字单词
※ 2. 词组
what about＝how about …怎么样（认为如何）
fall asleep＝be asleep 入睡
eat up 吃光
go to bed 上床睡觉
watch TV 看电视
only child 独生子、独生女
wash the dishes 洗盘子
at school/home/work 在学校 / 家 / 工作
go up 起床
live with sb. 和某人住在一起
三、日常用语
§1. What's your name?
My name is Mike.
§2. Are you happy?
Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
§3. What's your favorite subject?
My favorite subject is English.
§4. Do you like sports?
Yes, I do./No, I don't.
四、语法
§1. 词类：名词、冠词、形容词、副词
§2. 比较等级
【知识讲解】
※1. 名词
①表示人或事物的名称，如 boy, clock, book, tree。
总的说来，名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。
专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称，如： Jim, China
专有名词的第一个字母要大写，如：Beijing, New York
②名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词：可以用数目计算，有单数和复数两种形式，如：an apple, two apples, a car, some cars
不可数名词：一般无法用数目计算，没有复数形式，且不用不定冠词a/an修饰，如：water, milk, meat, tea, bread, rice
③单数名词变复数名词的规则如下表：
注：①少数名词的复数是不规则的，如： man→men woman→women child→children
②表示民族的名词，有的在词尾加 s ，如： an American→three Americans
③有的单、复数形式相同，如： a Chinese→four Chinese a sheep→three sheep a deer→five deer
※2. 冠词
冠词是一种虚词，不能单独使用，只能和一个名词一起使用，并帮助说明此名词。冠词有两类，即定冠词the 和不定冠词a/an。
①不定冠词 常表示“一”的概念，有两种形式：a和an。a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，如：a book, a pen；an用在元音音素开头的名词前，如：an apple,an orange,an egg。
②定冠词the 常表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”的概念，the在元音音素前读，在辅音音素前读 ，如：the moon, the evening。
eg. ①－Do you have an English book?
－Yes, but the English book is broken.
② There is a chicken in the picture.
③ We can't see the sun at night.
④ The Browns are going to the park this Sunday.
⑤ Shanghai is in the east of China.
※3. 形容词
用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。
如： It's a sunny day today. Let's go to the park.
This book is good.
It's very nice of you to help us.
常见形容词的同义词与近义词：
large→big 大的
glad→happy/pleased 高兴的
clever→bright 聪明的
ill→sick 病的
fine→well 好的
常见形容词的反义词和对应词：
bad（坏的）→good（好的）
big（大的）→small（小的）
busy（忙的）→ free（空闲的）
dry（干的）→wet（湿的）
same（相同的）→different（不同的）
empty（空的）→full（满的）
cold（寒冷的）→hot（热的）
open（开着的）→closed（关闭的）
poor（穷的）→rich（富的）
※4. 副词
用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，在句中作状语或表语。
eg. Now he is back in New York again.
现在他又回到了纽约。
Mike is a good student. He often does his homework carefully.
副词一般分为七大类：
①时间副词： now, often, then, early, ago, before
②地点副词： here, there, out, above, up, down
③方式副词： hard, well, badly, fast, slowly
④程度副词： very, much, still, almost, too, so
⑤疑问副词： how, when, why, where
⑥关系副词： when, where, why
⑦连接副词： now, where, why
often 等表示“频率”的时间副词，总被放在句子中间，又称“中置副词”。这类副词有 always（总是）、 usually（通常）、sometimes（有时）、ever（曾经）、never（从不）等。
“中置”规律：
①放在单个的 be 动词之后；
②放在单个实义动词之前；
③谓语动词为多个词时，放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
如： You are always late for school. 你总是上学迟到。
I usually go to school by bike.
I never see that book.
He often helps other students.
He goes to work on foot sometimes.
※5. 比较等级
在进行比较的时候，形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。
规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级加 -er或-est。
（1）不规则变化的形容词和副词如下：
→better→best
→wors →worst
（许多）many/much→more→most
（几乎没有）little→less→least
（远的）far→farther→farthest
（老的，旧的）old
（2）三种句型
① 原级句型：
as＋形容词/副词＋as，表示“和…一样”；否定句式：not as/so ＋形容词/副词＋as，表示“和…不一样”。
eg. I think Kate does just as well as Ann.
If you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can.
I don't like the film. It's not so interesting as that one.
② 比较级句型：
a. 主语＋谓语＋比较级＋than＋其它，表示“较…一些”。
eg. This city is more beautiful than that one.
It is hotter today than yesterday.
He is a much nicer worker.
b. 比较级＋and＋比较级，more and more＋原级，表示“越来越…”，说明本身程度的改变。
eg. The world's population is growing faster and faster.
世界人口增长得越来越快。
more and more beautiful
越来越漂亮
c. the＋比较级, the＋比较级，表示“越…就越…”，说明随着前边条件的变化，后边的结果也发生变化。
eg. The more she eats, the fatter she'll be. 她吃得越多就会越胖。
The more, the better. 越多越好。
③ 最高级句型：
主语＋谓语＋（the）形容词或副词的最高级＋in/of
注：最高级前一般要用the，如： He is the most careful student.
但在副词最高级前the可以省去，如：He writes（the）most carefully in his class.
This kind of cake is the most delicious.
I like English best.
Mike is the youngest in his class.
He runs fastest.
初一英语上册专题重点动词
一、be动词
1. 根据人称的不同，be动词有三种基本形式，分别为am，is和are。am用于单数第一人称(I)；is用于单数第三人称(he，she，it)；are用于第二人称和复数第一，二，三人称(we，you，they)。
例：I am fifteen years old.
我十五岁了。
You are my friend forever.
你永远是我的朋友。
He is a hard-working student.
他是一个刻苦努力的学生。
The students are reading books in the classroom.
学生们都在教室里读书。
2. be动词的否定形式直接在后面加not.
I am not fifteen years old.
He is not a hard-working student.
The students are not reading books in the classroom.
3. 把be动词的肯定句变成疑问则要直接把动词be提到句首，变型如下：
Are you fifteen years old?
Is he a hard-working student?
Are the students reading books in the classroom?
二. 行为动词
1. match v. 相称；匹配
● match. . . with. . .
e. g. Match the words with the pictures，please.
请把单词和图画相搭配。
2. practise v. 练习
●practise doing sth. 练习做。。。
e. g. He practices speaking English every day.
他每天都练习读英语。
3. welcome v. 欢迎.
● welcome sb. to sp.
e. g. Please welcome Betty and Tony to our school.
欢迎贝蒂和托尼来我们学校。
4. invite v. 邀请
● invite sb. to do sth.
e.g. Tom invites me to go to the concert with him on Saturday.
汤姆邀请我跟他周六一起去参加音乐会。
● invite sb. to sp.
e. g. Daming invites Tony to the cinema.
大明邀请托尼去看电影。
● invitation(n. )
send an invitation to sb. 对某人发出邀请
5. ask v. 请求
● ask sb. to do sth.
e. g. Tony asks Daming to go to a basketball match.
托尼叫大明一起去看篮球赛。
6. have v. 有
● have lessons上课
● have a rest 休息
● have a look at sth. 看看...
● have dinner 吃饭
● have a good time 玩的开心
● have a break 课间休息
● have a party 举办聚会
e. g. We have three lessons in the morning.
我们早上有三节课。
At eleven o'clock，we have a break and I talk with my friends.
11点我们课间休息，我和我的朋友们聊天。
In the evening，we watch TV and have dinner. I do my homework and go to bed at ten o'clock.
晚上，我们看电视并且吃晚饭。我做作业然后十点上床睡觉。
7. send v. 发送
● send sb sth(send sth. to sb. )
e. g. We usually send him a birthday card.
我们经常送给他一张生日卡片。
8. make v. 制作。
● make sth. for sb.
e. g. And we often make a cake for his birthday.
我们经常为他的生日做一个生日蛋糕。
● make travel plans on the Internet
e. g. Do you often make travel plans on the Internet?
你们经常在网上制定旅游计划么?
● make a trip to the zoo
e. g. Let's make a trip to the zoo.
让我们一起去动物园吧。
9. like v. 喜欢
● like doing sth.
e. g. Daming's uncle likes reading and he reads a lot of books.
大明的叔叔喜欢阅读，并且他经常读很多书。
● would like sth／to do sth.
e. g. Would you like to go to the cinema with Betty and me?
你愿意跟我和贝蒂一起去电影院么?
Would you like some tea?
你想来点茶叶么?
10. talk v. 谈话
● talk to (with) sb.
e. g. I often talk to my friends on the phone.
我经常跟我的朋友打电话。
● talk about sth.
e. g. I often talk about our favorite singers with my best friends after school.
我经常在课后跟我最要好的朋友们谈论我们喜欢的歌星。
11. stay v. 停留
● stay at home
e. g. Let's stay at home and watch TV.
让我们留在家里看电视。
● stay healthy
e. g. Mr. and Mrs. Brown do lots of sports and stay healthy.
布朗先生和布朗太太做很多运动，保持健康。
12. visit v. 参观
● visit sb／sp.
e. g. Welcome to Beijing Zoo. Sixteen thousand people visit it every year.
欢迎来到北京动物园。每年有16000人在此参观。
三. 情态动词can
情态动词特点：
1)后面加动词原型。
2)否定句和疑问句不需要借助助动词构成。
e. g. I can play basketball. Can you?
我会打篮球，你会么?
That can't be our teacher：our teacher is in her office right now.
那不会是我们老师，我们的老师现在正在办公室呢。
动词练习
一. 用适当的介词填空。
1. Can you match the words _______ the pictures?
2. Let's welcome the foreign friends _______ our country.
3. I want to invite my sister ______ my home.
4. Let's have a party and I will send lots of invitations __ my friends.
5. Can I have a look ___________ your new watch?
6. It's Father's Day tomorrow, and I will send a present _____ my father.
7. Can you make a cake _____ me?
8. My parents always buy a birthday cake _____ me ____ my birthday.
9. She usually buys CD _____ her favorite singers.
10. I often talk __ my mother on the phone.
11. Let's stay _____ home and watch TV.
12. I usually download music _____ the Internet.
13. I am a writer and I write my novels _______ my computers.
14. I listen _____ music every day.
15. The polar bear comes ______ the Arctic.
16. He often writes _____ his friends.
17. Every day I often talk_____ my parents_____ the interesting things in school.
18. On my birthday, I get lots of presents _____ my family and friends.
19. Who switch______ the lights? It's so dark in the room, let me switch them
二、用所给动词适当形式填空。
1. Daming ________ (be) in Class Two.
2. Lingling and Daming _____ (be) good friends.
3. Lingling with Daming _____ (be) at school now.
4. He can ____ (speak) English.
5. We can _____ (play) basketball and ______ (swim).
6. Tony _____ (ride) a bike to school every day.
7. Lucy and Lily sometimes _____ (do) their homework at school.
8. I want _____ (invite) Lily ____ (see)a film with me after class.
9. I ask my mother _____ (choose) a book for me.
10. What about _____ ( have ) a birthday party?
11. He likes ________ (play) computer games and __ (play) cards at weekends.
12. Let Lingling ______ (watch) TV with me, please.
13. How about______ (go) swimming on Sunday?
14. I would like _____ (have) dinner with you tomorrow.
15. Let's go and ______ (see) a panda.
三、时态填空。
1. We often _______ (play) in the playground.
2. He _____ (get) up at six o'clock.
3. _____ you _____ (brush) your teeth every morning.
4. What ________ (do) he usually______ (do) after school?
5. Danny _____ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
6. Mike sometimes _____ (go) to the park with his sister.
7. At eight at night, she _____ (watch) TV with his parents.
8. _____ Mike ______ (read) English every day?
9. How many lessons ____ your classmate _____ (have) on Monday?
10. What time _____ his mother _____ (do) the housework?
四. 按要求修改句子。
1. Do you often play basketball after school? (肯定回答)
2. I have a lot of books. (改为否定句)
3. Betty's mother likes playing table tennis. (改为否定句)
4. She lives in a town near New York. (改为一般疑问句)
5. I watch TV every day. (改为一般疑问句)
6. Tom has got a goal. (改为一般疑问句)
7. We have Chinese lessons in the afternoon. (否定句)
8. Nancy doesn't run fast. (肯定句)
9. My dog runs fast.
否定句
10. Mike has two letters for him.
一般疑问句：
否定句：
练习参考答案：
一、用适当的介词填空。
1. with
2. to
3. to
4. to
5. at
6. to
7. for
8. for, on
9. by
10. to(with)
ll. at
12. on
13. on
14. to
15. from
16. to
17. with, about
18. from
19. off, on
二、用所给动词适当形式填空
1. is
2. are
3. is
4. speak
5. play, swim
6. rides
7. do
8. to invite, to see
9. to choose
10. having
11. playing, playing
12. watch
13. going
14. to have
15. see
三、时态填空
1. play
2. gets
3. Do, brush
4. does do
5. studies
6. goes
7. watches
8. Does, read
9. do, have
10. does, do
四、按要求修改句子
1. Yes, we do.
2. I don't have a lot of books.
3. Betty's mother doesn't like playing table tennis.
4. Does she live in a town near New York?
5. Do you watch TV every day?
6. Has Tom got a goal?
7. We don't have Chinese lessons in the afternoon.
8. Nancy runs fast.
9. My dog doesn't run fast.
Does my dog run fast?
10. Does Mike have two letters for him?
Mike doesn't have two letters for him.
G. 初一英语知识点归纳
第一类] 名词类
1. 这些女老师们在干什么?
[误] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英语中，当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时，作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时，要用其复数形式men, women.
2. 房间里有多少人?
[误] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人们”解时，是个集合名词，其单复数同形。
3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时，常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构，其中当数词大于1时，表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。
[第二类] 动词类
4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?
[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时，句中的谓语动词用其原形。
5. 琳达晚上经常做作业，但今晚她在看电视。
[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.
[析] 在初一英语学习阶段，我们接触到了两种主要时态：一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常和often, usually, sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中，若主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+ving形式构成。
6. 这双鞋是红色的。
[误] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时，谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。
[第三类] 代词类
7. 这张票是她的，不是我的。
[误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词，而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。
8. 吴老师教我们英语。
[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的宾语，因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。
[第四类] 介词类
9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
[误] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。
10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。
[误] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析] 表示在上午、下午等时，介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时，介词要用on.
11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。
[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时，只能用in，其他介词没有此用法。
[第五类] 副词类
12. 莉莉，你为什么不回家呢?
[误] Lily, why don’t you go to home?
[正] Lily, why don’t you go home?
[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地点副词时，地点副词前不加to。
[第六类] 连词类
13. 我喜欢语文和英语，但我不喜欢体育和历史。
[误] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.
[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.
[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中，并列成分之间的连接需用or。
[第七类] 冠词类
14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。
[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析] 1.表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”;
2.our 一词的第一个字母不发音，它是以元音音素开头的，所以“一小时”要用 an hour;
3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时，交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。
[第八类] 句法类
15. ――你不是学生吗? ――不，我是学生。
[误] ――Aren’t you a student? ――No， I am.
[正] ――Aren’t you a student? ――Yes， I am.
[析] 对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No，这取决于实际情况：如果事实是肯定的，就用Yes表“不”;如果事实是否定的，就用No表“是的”。
2. 房间里有多少人?
[误] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人们”解时，是个集合名
H. 新目标七年级英语单元知识点、短语及句型总结
非谓语动词是中学语法中的重要内容，也是高考重要考点之一。考点主要分布在以下几方面：1、不定式和动名词作主语和宾语；2、分词和不定式作宾补，状语和定语；3、非谓语动词的各种形式；4、动名词的复合结构；5、“疑问词+不定式”结构；6、不定式的省略；7、现在分词与过去分词的区别。考点分析如下：
考点一：不定式和分词作状语（其逻辑主 语必须和句子的主语一致）
1.分词作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、方式，伴随状况等。
Hearing the news , they got excited .(时间)
Having been bitten by a snake , she was frightened of it . (原因)
Given a chance , I can surprise the world .(条件)
Having been told many times , he still repeated the same mistakes (让步)
The cup dropped to the ground , breaking into pieces .(结果)
The teacher came into the lab , followed by some students .(伴随状况)
注意：独立成分作状语，有些分词短语，其形式不受上下文的影响，称其独立成分，常见的有：
generally speaking …一般来说
frankly speaking … 坦白地说
strictly speaking … 严格地讲
judging from/ by … 根据…来
considering , … 考虑到 …
to be honest 老实说
taken as a whole , … 总的来说
to tell the truth .说真的
to be honest 老实说
to make things worse 使事情更糟的是
given … 考虑到
2.不定式作状语。表示“目的，结果，原因”。
①下列作表语用的形容词，后可接不定式作状语。
happy, lucky, fortunate, glad, pleased, afraid, surprised, proud, disappointed, sure, able, sorry, free, willing, eager, ready, anxious, likely, patient, easy, difficult, fit, comfortable 等。
其句型结构如下：
②跟在动词之后作状语
The doctor did all he could to save the boy.
③常见的结构中的不定式作状语
in order to do（为了...） so as to do（以便...）
so adj/adv as to do（如此…以致于...）
too adj/adv to do（太...而不能...）
adj/adv enough to do（足够...以致于...）
only to do （结果…）
考点二：不定式和动名词作宾语
1.下列动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语，常见的动词有：agree, seek（寻找） , fail , decide, refuse , offer , afford , learn , dare , demand , hope , desire , manage , prepare , pretend, promise , ask , want , expect , intend（打算，想要），wish , choose , determine , would like , set out (着手，开始) attempt（尝试，试图，企图） , make up one's mind , try one's best 等.
2.有些动词不能直接跟不定式作宾语，需用it 代替不定式。常见的动词有：find , make , feel , think , consider , suppose 等。
其句型结构如下：
主+ V( make , find … ) it + adi /n + 不定式
This has made it necessary for agriculture and instry to develop quickly .
3.下列动词及短语等后面只接动名词作宾语
①admit , advise , avoid , appreciate , enjoy , escape , excuse , delay , miss , risk , fancy , resist , include , finish , imagine , keep (on ) , mind , practise , suggest , allow , permit , stand （忍受） ，consider（考虑），forbid 等词。
②be / get used to , give up , feel like , insist on , put off, stick to , be busy , look forward to , object to 等词组。
③ sb have difficulty / trouble ( in ) doing.
sb have great fun doing
sb have a hard ( good ) time ( in ) doing
sb spend / waste time /money( in ) doing
sb be busy doing 或sb keep sb busy doing
sb/ sth stop / prevent / keep sb from doing
What / How about doing …？
sth be worth doing ;
sb prefer doing to doing .等句型
4.下列动词后可接不定式和动名词作宾语，但意义不一样。
forget to do 忘记去做
doing 忘记已经做过
remember to do 记住去做
doing 记得曾经做过
regret to do 后悔（遗憾）去做
doing 后悔做过某事
stop to do 停下来接着做另一件事
doing 停止做一件事
try to do 努力（试图）做某事
doing 尝试着做
go on to do （做完某事）接着做另一件事
doing 连续做同一件事
can't help to do 不能帮助做
doing 情不自禁地做
mean to do 意欲（想，企图）做
doing 意味着（意思是）做
5.allow , advise , forbid , permit 之后用动名词作宾语，但要用不定式作宾补。
The manager doesn't allow smoking in this office.
The manger doesn't allow anybody to smoke in his office.
6.下列动词接不定式或动名词作宾语均可。
①like ( love , prefer ) +doing 常表示经常性的行为
like ( love , prefer) + to do 常表示暂时的行为
I like talking very much but I don't like to talk with this stranger.
②如果like , love , prefer 前有would / should , 后面则应接动词不定式。
We'd like to go swimming this weekend if it is fine.
③need , require , want 当“需要”解时，其后可接动名词doing，也可接不定式to be done作宾语。
考点三：作宾补（其逻辑主语就是句子的宾语）
1．不定式作宾补
①可带to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：
ask, tell, want, expect, wish, order, advise, invite, beg, force, oblige, allow, , forbid, get , warn, encourage, prefer, persuade, cause 等。
②不带to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：
have, make, let, see, hear, watch, notice, observe, feel,listen to, look at 等。
但在被动语态中，不定式必须带上to。
We often hear him sing this song.
He is often heard to sing this song.
③可以用to be 作宾补的动词有：
think, consider, believe, imagine, feel, declare , find, suppose 等。
We all believe him to be fit for this position.
I. 初一上册英语三四单元语法（不少于25条）
1.With
the help of 在～～帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下 2.be strict
with sb. 对～人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格 3. at present=at the present
time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun
在世界上 5. lie in 位于～～之内 lie on 同～～接壤 lie to 位于～～之外 6. at least 至少 in
the least 丝毫，一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以～～名义 8. in the air
空中，在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法 in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上get
one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步，屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下 on
one’s way to 在去～～的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角）in the
corner 在角落里（内角）on the corner 在角落上（外角上） 11. judge by / from
根据～～来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时 at the beginning
of 在～～开始时 at the back of 在～～背后，支持 at the age of ～～岁时 at the foot of 在～～脚下 at
the bottom of 在～～底部 at the top of 在～～顶上 at/on the edge of 在～～边上 13. in the
course of 在～～过程中 in the eyes of 从～～观点看来，在～～眼里 in the face of 面对～，尽管，纵使 in the
middle of 在～中间 in the end =at last=finally 最后 14. on the eve of 在～～前夕 on
the side of 在～～一边 15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后 for a time =
for some time 一时，有一段时间 16. behind time 迟到，过期 behind the times
落在时代后面 17. at no time 决不 in no time 立即，马上 18. at one time = once time
曾经 at a time = each time 每次 at times = sometimes 有时 at all times 经常，一直，始终 at
the same time 同时 at the time 在～～的时候 by the time 到～～的时候 19. for a moment
一会儿 for the moment 暂时 at the moment 当时 the moment /minute /instance
正当～～一刹那 20. once or twice 一两次 more than once 不止一次 once more 重新，又 once
upon a time 从前 once in a while 偶尔 1. 以break为中心的词组 break away from
脱离，逃离 break down 破坏，粉碎；瓦解；出故障，抛锚 break in 闯进，打断；使顺服 break into 闯入；强行进入；突然开始
break out 爆发，发生；准备使用；起锚 break the law 违反法律 break the record 破记录 break one’s
promise 失言 break up 开垦，破碎；解散，分开，分解 2. 以catch为中心的词组 be caught doing
被发现做某事 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车 catch a cold
伤风，感冒 catch one’s word 听懂某人的话 catch sight of 发现，瞥见 catch up with
赶上，追及，追上 3. 以come为中心的词组 come across 偶尔发现，想起；越过；偿付 come along
一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现 come at 达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击 come back 回来；恢复，复原 come down
倒下；降落；跌落；病倒 come from 来自，起源于，从~~产生，生于 come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获名次 come into being
发生，产生，出现，形成 come into power 开始执政，当权，当选 come into use 开始使用，获得应用 come on
上演；开始；赶快；发展；登台；（问题）被提出 come to know 开始了解到 come out 出来，传出；出版；结果是；褪色；（秘密）泄露 come
to 苏醒，复原；共计；达到；归结于 come to an end 终止，结束 come true 实现，成为现实；证实 come up
走近；上楼；长出，发芽4. 以do为中心的词组 be done in 精疲力竭 be done with 完全结束 do a
good deed 做一件好事 do away with 去掉，废除；弄死；浪费 do good to (=do sb. good)
有益于 do harm to (=do sb. good) 有害于 do its work 有效，有作用 do much 极有用 do
wrong to 做错 do one’s best 尽某人最大努力 do one’s homework 做作业 do one’s utmost
尽力而为 do proud 足以使~~骄傲 do sb. justice 公平对待某人 do some cleaning (V+ing,etc.)
搞卫生 do sb. a favor 帮助某人 do well in 学得不错，干得漂亮 do with 和~~相处，忍受，处理 do
without 不需要，不用 do wonders 创造奇迹 have much to do with 和~~很有关系 have nothing to
do with 与~~无关 have something to do with 和~~有关 in doing so=in so doing 这时，在这种情况下
That will do. 行了；够了
5. 以get为中心的词组 get about 徘徊，走动，旅行；流传 get above oneself
自视高傲 get accustomed to 习惯于，对~~习以为常 get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使理解 get ahead of
胜过，超过 get along 前进，进步；同意；离去 get along with 与~~相处 get at 发现，了解；掌握；攻击 have
got to do 不得不，必须 get away 离开，逃脱 get back 取回，回来；报复 get behind 落后；识破 get down
咽下；写下；使沮丧，使抑郁 get down to 认真对待，静下心来 get familiar with 熟悉 get hold of
获得，取得 get home 到家 get in 进入，陷入；牵涉 get off 送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动身 get on
上车；穿上；进步，使前进；成功；相处 get upon with 进步；在~~方面获得成功 get one’s hand in 熟悉；习惯 get out
of 由~~出来，从~~得出；避免；退休 get over 越过；恢复，痊愈；克服；完成 get ready for 为~~作准备 get rid of
除去，去掉；免除，摆脱 get through 到达，完成，通过；及格 get together 积聚，积累；商谈，取得一致意见 get up
起床，起立；研究，钻研；致力于；安排，组织 get used to 习惯于 6. 以give为中心的词组 be given to
沉溺于，癖好 give about 分配；传播 give and take 相互迁就 give away 赠送；牺牲；泄露；颁发 give
back 归还 give cause 给予~~的理由 give ear to 侧耳倾听 give forth 发出，放出；发表 give in
屈服，让步，投降 give in to 同意，接受；向~~让步 give off 发出（烟，气味） give oneself out to be/as
自称为 give oneself up to 专心于；向~~自首 give out 分发，公布 give place to 让位于，被~~所替代 give
rise to 引起，导致；使~~发生 give sb. to understand 通知某人 give up 放弃；停止 give way to
让步，退却；屈服于 7. 以look为中心的词组 look about 四下环顾；查看 look after
照顾，看管 look around 东张西望 look at 注视，着眼于 look back 回顾 look for 寻找；期待，期望 look
down on 俯视；轻视 look forward to 盼望，期待 look into 窥视；调查；浏览 look like 看起来象 look on
旁观；面向 look out 向外看；注意；当心，堤防 look over 从上面看过去；检查 look through 透过~~看去；看穿；浏览 look
up to 仰望，尊敬8. 以make为中心的词组 be
made from 由~~原料制成 be made of 由~~材料制成 be made up of 由~~组成 make a fool of
愚弄，欺骗 make a mistake 弄错 make a point of doing 强调；认为~~重要；决心，坚持 make
advantages/use of 使用，利用 make after 追求，追赶 make believe 假装 make certain
确信，把~~弄清楚 make contact with 接通，与~~接触，与~~联系 make for 去向，向~~前进；有利于 make friends
with 和~~交友 make into 把~~制成，使~~转变为 make much of 重视；理解；赏识 make one’s mind on
sth. 决定某事 make one’s own 当作自己的看待 make oneself at home 随便，别拘束 make out
填写；开支票；理解；辨认 make the best of 尽量利用；极为重视 make up 弥补，修理；赔偿，补偿；起草；编造；化装 make up
to 接近，巴结；向~~求爱 make way for 为~~让路，让路于 on the make 急求成功；增加 9.
以put为中心的词组 put aside 把~~放在一边；搁置；排除 put away 把~~放好，把~~收拾；储藏；吃喝，吃掉 put back
把~~放回原处；驳回 put down 放下；镇压；制止；记下；削减；降落 put forward 提出；拨快；建议，推荐；提倡，倡议 put ~~
into 把~~放入；插入；翻译成 put off 推迟，延期；消除；推脱，推辞 put on 上演；穿上，带上 put up with 忍受，容忍 put
one’s heart into 全神贯注，专心致志 put up 举起，挂起；提名，推荐；陈列 10.
以take为中心的词组 be taken aback 吃惊 take a seat 就坐 take a shower 淋浴，洗澡 take
aim 瞄准，设立目标 take away 拿走，减去；夺去 take ~~ by surprise 出奇制胜 take one’s place 就坐，入坐
take care of 当心，注意；照顾；提防；谨慎；处理，对付；负责 take office 就职，上任 take ~~ for 把~当作 take
off 脱去，除去；离开；起飞；模仿；起程；致死；复制，作副本；减弱 take one’s temperature 量体温 take part in
参与，参加 take it easy 别着急，慢慢来 take place = happen 发生，举行 take the place of 代替 take
pride in 以~~为荣，对~~骄傲 take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊 11. 以turn为中心的词组 [ 要学习网 --只做中学生最喜欢、最实用的学习论坛/ 地址 www.yaoxuexi.cn 手机版地址 wap.yaoxuexi.cn ] give
a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法 in one’s turn 轮到某人做某事 out of turn 不按次序的，不合适宜的 take
one’s turn to do 轮到做 turn a blind eye to 对~~视而不见 turn against 背叛，采取敌对态度 turn
back 折回，往回走 turn down 折叠，翻下，驳回，拒绝考虑 turn into 走进；变成，变为 turn to ~~for help 求助于
turn off 关上（自来水，电器开关）；解雇，辞退；避开（问题）；制造；生产 turn on 打开（自来水，电器开关）；反对；依靠，依赖，取决于 turn
one’s attention to 把注意力转向 turn out 培养；证明是；制成；实际情况是 turn out to be 原来是，证明是，结果是
turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页，重新开始，改过自新 turn (a)round 旋转，转过身来；改变意见；采取新政策 turn to
变成；着手于 turn upside down 颠倒过来，翻过来；使陷入混乱 1.be on show / display / play /
sale / strike / ty / trial 2. be of value / importance / use / no use /
color / age / size / height / weight / significance 3. to one’s joy /
surprise / pleasure / astonishment / sorrow / delight 4. in surprise /
wonder / alarm / terror / horror / delight 5. by air / bicycle / boat / bus
/ car / letter / post / plane / telephone / train / wire 6. at daybreak /
sunrise / dawn / noon/ dark / night 7. out of breath / control / question /
sight 8. in fact / reality / substance / nature / practice / theory / short
/ brief / a word / detail / all / average / full / time / fashion / existence /
turn / vain / haste / appearance / common / sum/ general / particular /
public / secret / order / part / power / stock / case / bed / future / name /
addition / sight 9. on ty / shift / holiday / leave / business / purpose
/ time / sale / show / board / hand / record / request / root / earth / farm /
principle 10. for example / instance / all / good / nothing / convenience /
short / fear / sale 11. by weight ( volume size number~~ ) / profession /
definition / rule / turn / chance/ accident/ mistake / hand / train ( bus ,taxi
,ship ,boat ~~) / air / land / force / day / nature / sight 12. at most /
least / best / worst / once / first / last / home / school / will ( at will:任意)
/ work / night / midnight / daybreak / dawn / present / length /
large 13. as above / below / following / over / usual / before / a matter
of fact 14. above all / measure / normal 15. before all / long / time
/ now / then 16. after all / class / school 17. out of action / order
/ condition / use / operation / step / joint / repair/ gear / balance /
range/ doubt / date / danger / hand / shape / place / question / stock
/ 18. with caution / interest / difficulty / ease / advantage / effect /
reason / vigor / reserve / success / confidence 19. beyond comprehension /
conception / description / expression / doubt / control / reach / power /
measure / grasp / compare / controversy / dispute / hope / example 20.
under age / discussion / test / way / repair
这是人教版的祝您好运 请采纳
J. 初一英语知识点总结
一．短语
1.go on vacation go to summer camp stay at home
study for exams Central Park show sth to sb
.help him find his father walk back to… go shopping
the Palace Museum think of have fun doing sth
.bus trip the Great Wall Tian’an Men Square
.a Beijing Hutong make sb do sth
.decide to do sth all day
二．重点句子和注意事项
1．Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.
Where did they go on vacation? They went to New York City.
Where did he go on vacation? He stayed at home.
Where did she go on vacation? She visited her uncle.
2． Did you/he/she/they go to Central Park?
Yes, I/he/she/they did.
No, I/he/she/they didn’t.
3． How were the movies? They were fantastic
4． have fun doing something 干某事有乐趣
＝ enjoy oneself doing something
We have fun learning and speaking English .
We enjoy ourselves learning and speaking English .
我们学英语有很多乐趣 ．
5． find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在干某事 find sb. do sth. 发现某人干过某事
I find him reading the novel (小说）.
I found him go into the room .
6． corner 角落，角，拐角处
in the corner 在角落里（指在建筑物里面）
at the corner 在拐角处（指在建筑物外面或道路的拐角）
My bike is at the corner .
7． be lost 迷路了＝get lost , lost (adj.)
The girl was lost in the big city .
8． help sb. (to) do sth.＝help sb for sth 帮助某人干某事
He always helps us learn English
9. make sb. do sth. 让／使某人干某事 let / have sb. do sth. do前不带to
The movie makes me relaxing .
Let the boy do his homework alone .
10. feel+ adj. 感到．．．
I feel hungry / tired /happy / excited
11. decide to do sth. 决定干某事
They decided to go to Hainan on vacation .
Uint 11 What do you think of game shows?
一． 词组
1．. TV shows（电视节目）
soap opera sitcom a comedy an action movie a documentary a thriller cartoon Beijing Opera
Animal World Tell it like it is Law Today game show
CCTV News News in 30 Minutes Man and Nature
Chinese Cooking Around China talk show Lucky52
Sports news sports show Culture China
2． write an article for the school magazine.给学校杂志写一篇文章
3． a thirteen - year - old boy.一个十三岁的男孩
4． wear colorful clothes.穿着颜色鲜艳的衣服
5． interview sb. 采访某人 in fact. 实际上
6. wear scarves. 戴着围巾 think of 想起，考虑到
二．重点句型
1. What do you think of soap operas? I can't stand them.
2. What do you think of sports shows? I don't mind them.
3. What does she think of "Hilltop High"? She doesn't like it.
4. What does Tony think of Tommy? He likes him.
5. What do they think of Amanda? They love her.
三．重难点解析
1. wear (v. 动词) "穿，戴，佩"。根据不同宾语，翻译不同的汉语意思。
wear earrings 戴耳环 wear a dress 穿连衣裙wear a watch 戴手表
wear a beard 蓄胡子wear long hair 留长发
2. think "想，考虑，思索"（v. 动词）可以和许多介词搭配，组成新的意思。
A：think of "考虑"；"有...的看法"，有时等于think about.
What does he think of Beijing Opera?他对京剧有什么看法？
My mother always thinks of everything!我妈妈总是想到所有的东西。
think highly of sb. /sth. 对某人或某物评价甚高
Mr Black thinks highly of his son. 布莱克先生对他儿子评价甚高。
B：think about "考虑"（指计划，观念，看它是否相宜、可行）
He is thinking about going to China.他正在考虑去中国。
3. too与either的区别
too"也"，表示肯定意义，与肯定的表达方法连用；而either"也不"，表示否定意义，与否定的表达方法连用。
（1）—My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜欢踢足球。—I do, too.我也是（喜欢）。
（2）—My brother doesn't like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜欢踢足球。—I don't, either.
我也不喜欢。
also也可以表示"也"，但一般情况下，too和either放在句子之后，also放在动词之前。
We also love talk shows.我们也喜欢访谈节目。
4. a thirteen - year - old boy 一个十三岁的男孩
此结构中，year用单数形式，且用连字符，这种结构用作定语。
a five - month - old baby 一个五个月大的婴儿
5. enjoy (v. 喜爱，享受)
enjoy后面接名词、代词或动名词，注意与like/ love用法的区别。like/ love还可以接动词不定式（to do）。
I enjoy the soap operas.我喜爱肥皂剧。
I enjoy watching the soap operas.我喜爱看肥皂剧。
但我们不能说：I enjoy to watch the soap operas.
只能说：I like / love to watch the soap operas.
6. mind 表示"介意，反对"的意思时，通常用在疑问句、否定句中。
Would you mind opening the window?请你打开窗子好不好？
He doesn't mind the cold weather at all.他一点都不在乎寒冷的天气。
多用于以下句型：（表示请求或征求意见）后接动名词/名词/代词。
Would you mind (doing) ...?Do you mind (doing) ...?
7. stand 表示忍受（多用于否定句、疑问句）
He can't stand the hot weather.他忍受不了炎热的天气。
Can you stand the pain?你忍受得了疼吗？
9. What do you think of ...? 你认为...怎么样？（谈论对某事物的喜好程度）可选择的回答有：
（1）I like it.
（2）I don't mind it.
（3）I don't like it.
（4）I can't stand it.
（5）I like it very much.
（6）I love it.
（7）It's beautiful.
（8）They're fantastic
Unit 12 Don't eat in class.
一．短语．
1. in class 在课上 2. on school nights 在上学的晚上 3. school rules 校规
4. no talking 禁止交谈 5. listen to music 听音乐 6. have to 不得不
7. take my dog for a walk 带狗去散步 8. eat outside 在外面吃饭9. in the hallway 在走廊上 10. wear a uniform 穿制服 11. arrive late for class 上学迟到 12. after school 放学后 17. be in bed 在床上 13. practice the guitar 练习弹吉它 14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里15. meet my friends 和我朋友见面 16. by ten o'clock.十点之前 18. the Children's Palace 少年宫 19. help my mom make dinner 帮助我妈做饭
二．重点句型
1.Don’t arrive late for school＝Don’t be late for school
2.Don’t fight ＝
3.Don’t listen to music in the classroom.
4.Don’t run in the hallways
5.Don’t smoke .It’s bad for your health.
6.Don’t play cards in school
7.Don’t talk in class
8.Don’t watch TV on school nights.
9.Don’t sleep in class.
10.Don’t play sports in the classrooms.
11.Don’t sing songs at night.
12.Don’t talk when you eat.
13.Don’t wear hats in class.
14.Do homework by 10:00.
15.Clean your house!
16.Make the bed.
17.Can we ……? Yes ,we can . No, we can’t.
Eg:Can we arrive late for class ?
No, we can’t. We can’t arrive late for class.
18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
三． 重难点解析：
1. 情态动词have to 的用法，意思是"必须、不得不"，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。（1）结构：主语＋have to＋动词原形＋其他
（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；句子是过去时，用had to.）如： We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一，我不得不早上5点起床。
（2）否定形式：主语＋don't have to＋动词原形＋其他
（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用doesn't have to. 句子是过去时，用didn't have to）
如：Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。
（3）疑问句：Do （Does或Did）＋主语＋have to ＋动词原形＋其他
如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗？Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
是的，我必须。不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚，他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？
2. 情态动词can的用法
（1）表示能力，"会""能"（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）
Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。
（2）表示允许、许可，"可以"、"能"（在这一课中新学的词义）
Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗？
注意 同样是情态动词，can 和have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中，直接在can后加上not，在疑问句中，把can放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化。
3. hear，listen和sound都有"听"的意思，但三者是有区别的。
（1）hear"听说"，侧重于"听"的内容
I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了，我很难过。
I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。
（2）listen"听"侧重于"听"这一动作。Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。
The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。
（3）sound"听起来"，它是系动词，后面接形容词等。That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。
It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。
4. be in bed "在床上、卧床"in 和bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数。
He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。
5. arrive late for 与be late for 意思相近，"迟到"Don't arrive （be）late for school. 上学别迟到。I arrived （was）late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了。
6. No talking ! "禁止交谈！"no后面加上名词或动名词（doing）也表示不要做某事。与don't +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞！
No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物！No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸烟！
7．语法（祈使句）
祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子，这类句子的主语常是第二人称you，也就是听话者，因而you常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。
如：Look out! 小心！Wait here for me! 在这等我！
Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里！
祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成don't）开头，再加上动词原形。
Don't arrive late for school. 上学别迟到。
Don't fight! 别打架！
Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。
一定选我哦~~~~~~~~~~~
一定选我哦~~~~~~~~~~~
一定选我哦~~~~~~~~~~~