‘壹’ 初三英语知识点(全部)
Unit1:by 的用法 by+v-ing
Unit2:used to be 是重点 意思是 “过去常常”
Unit3:被动语态 sb should be allowed to do sth “某人应该被允许做某事
Unit4:虚拟语气 If i were …,i would …
Unit5:sth belong to sb 某物属于某人
Unit6:定语从句
Unit7:知识点多 忘了 ⊙﹏⊙
Unit8:put off+v-ing , work as, sw+adj
Unit9:被动语态 本单元重点单词:invent,be invented ,inventor
Unit10:过去完成时 标志性词语:by the time,realize
Unit11:宾语从句,注意从句的语序 和先行词
Unit12:be supposed to 句型
Unit13:make sb do sth ,make sb adj
Unit14:现在完成时:have done结构
Unit15:各个单元都有一些 单词表里单词的句型
ps:每个单元的标题很重要
过去常常做某事 used to do sth 习惯做某事 be used to doing sth 激光唱机 a CD player 输入 put into 全神贯注于……中 put one’s heart into 想出、提供 come up with 拾起某物 pick up sth 向某人借某物 borrow sth from sb 把某物借给某人 lend sb sth/lend sth to sb 带给某人知识 give sb knowledge 在校园内的室外 outside in the schoolyard 忘记要做某事 forget to do sth 忘记曾经做过的事 forget doing sth 第二天 the next day 上一周 last week 几天以后 several days later 迟早 sooner or later 更糟糕的是 what be worse 为……而付款 pay for… 所借的书 borrowed books 在国外 be abroad 整理床铺 make the bed 把某物归还给某人 return sth to sb 从某人处得到某物get sth from sb 顺手拿走、偷走 walk away with 鼓励某人做某事 encourage ab to do sth Unit 2 水上运动 water sports 一天三次 three times a day 尝试 have a try / want a go 遍及全世界 all over the world 许许多多、大量 a large number of 一年到头,终年 all the year round 不管 no matter 放弃做某事 give up doing sth 放弃工作 give up one’s job 以冲浪为生 live to surf 看起来令人兴奋 look exciting 因……而着名 be famous for 在A和B之间 between A and B 例如 for example 从那时起 ever since 打零工 a part-time assistant 休息一晚 have a night off 使某人舒畅(开心)make sb fit 乐趣无穷 such great fun 动身去某地 leave for sw. 一等奖 first prize 冲浪竞赛 a surfing competition 奥林匹克运动会 Olympic Games 出差,因公 on business 时光飞逝,光阴似箭,日月如梭 (How) time flies! 迄今为止 so far 到某处旅游 travel to sw. 试着做某事 trying doing sth 尽力做某事 try to do sth 一个十二岁的男孩 a 12-year-old boy / a boy of 12 实现 come true 走进、踏入 step into 减速 slow down 又过了两个小时 another two hours 高度赞扬 speak highly of 因……感到自豪 be proud of doing sth / be proud to do sth 是…..的骄傲 be the pride of sb Unit 3 造纸厂 a paper factory 找出、查明 find out 倾倒, 倒入 pour… into 污水、废水 waste water 害怕某事(物) be afraid of sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of doing sth 传到某人耳中 come to one’s ears 将某物投入 throw sth in 将某物投入某处 throw sth into sw. 帮助做某事 help (to) do sth 保持城市整洁 keep the city clean 保护环境 protect the environment 绿化中国 Greener China 乱丢某物 litter / throw sth about 以……为根据 base on /be based on 在公共场所吐痰 spit in a public place 为干某事而做出(巨大)贡献 make a (great) contribution to doing sth 砍伐 cut down 收垃圾的车 a truck collecting rubbish Unit 4 尽快 as soon/quickly as possible; as soon /quickly as one can 现在 right now 乘飞机旅行 travel by plane/ air 匆匆行程 a rushed trip 火车旅途 a train ride 打的前往 take a taxi to 卧铺车箱 a sleeping car 四处走走 walk around 感到疲惫 feel tired 打牌 play cards 一直不断干某事 keep doing sth 不断老是做某事 keep on doing sth 为某人提供某物 offer sb sth 练习干某事 practise doing sth 很快睡熟了 fall fast asleep 持久 last long 持续一段时间 last for some time 旅行 go on a trip/ have a trip / be on a trip 拍照 take photos / pictures 赶快 hurry up 在某人一生中 in one’s life 留言 leave a message 冲洗, 显影 come out Unit 5 过来、加油 come on 开家庭会议 have a family meeting 谈论 talk about 去度假 go for a holiday / go on holiday 决定干某事 decide to do sth 潜水 scuba diving 在因特网上 on the Internet 上网查寻 search the Internet 双击左键 double left click 因特网图标 the Internet icon 键入网址 type in the Website 按回车键 press the enter button 花市 a flower market 驯鹿公园 a deer park 单程 one-way trip 往返双程 round trip 珊瑚礁 coral reefs 快速列车 a fast train 向前走 walk along 照直走 go straight along 请稍等 just / wait a minute Unit 6 报警 call the police 出事故 have an accident 去冲浪 go surfing 骑马 ride a horse 拜访某人 visit sb 允许某人做某事 allow sb to do sth 使它成为可能 make it possible 水下呼吸器 the scuba machine 对……感兴趣 be interested in 摄像 make videos 制作电视节目 make a TV show 对……感到惊讶 be amazed /surprised at 保护环境 save /protect the environment 保持某物清洁 keep sth clean 清理、打扫 clean up 鼓励某人干某事 encourage sb to do sth 参加……活动 take part in sth /doing sth 长达…… as long as… 在世界上 on earth / in the world 以……为生、为主食 feed on… 在沙滩上 on the beaches 警告某人做某事 warn sb to do sth 去看望、拜访某人go to visit sb 走出 get out of 就这么定了。 That’s a deal. Unit 7 能 be able to 持续做…… keep doing sth 让某人持续做某事 keep sb doing sth 操作、从事、致力于…… work on sth 改变世界 change the world 试验新的想法(创新)try out new ideas 在校上学 be in school 与……无/有关 have nothing / something to do with… 对……感兴趣 be interested in 在12岁时 at the age of 12 铁轨 railway tracks 冲过去 rush out 把孩子抱到安全地带carry the boy to safety 如此……以致…… so… that… 对……评价高,看重 think a lot of 考虑、关心 think of 开发 open up 关小 turn dow ...
‘贰’ 谁有英语初三上册的语法知识点啊
你要的内容如下:
Unit 1 Topic1
1 it’s + adj +to do sth. 做、、、是…样的
2 come back from 从、、、回来
3 take place 发生
4 more and more 越来越多
5 have been to 去过、、、
6 have gone to 去了、、、
7 take photos 照相
8 take part in 参加
9 have no time to do没时间做、、、
10 in detail 详细的
11 in order to 为了
12 afford 负担得起support支持
13 get a good ecation 受好教育
14 see …oneself亲眼所见
15 have a chance to do 16有机会做、、、
16 Keep in touch with保持联系
17 far away 远离
18 reform and opening-up改革开放
19 not only …but also 不但而且
20 make rapid progress取得巨大进步
21 prefer A to B更喜欢A
22 现在完成时结构:
肯:S+ have\has +动分
否:S+ have\has + not +动分
疑:Have\has+S+动分
答:Yes, S+ have\has
No, S+ haven’t\hasn’t
Unit 1Topic2
1 get lost;走失,迷路
2 so do I .我也如此
否:neither +be\do\情态动词+主语
so +主语+ be\助动词\情态动词
(表达两者对同一事物的看法) A 如此,A的确如此
3 it seems that+从句
4 population 人口,居民 常用large或small来修饰
5 happen 碰巧发生, 指偶
6 take the place of代替、、、的位置
7because 因为,连接从句
because of +n.\v-ing 短语
8 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
be strict in( doing )sth 对做某事要求严格
9increase by 表示:增加了、、、
10increase to+具体的增长后的数字
11 反义疑问句:前肯后否,前否后肯
12 carry out 实行,进行,执行
13 What’s the population of...?
=What’ the number of the people in ...?
14one child policy 独生子女政策
15developing country发展中国家
16 developed country 发达国家
17数字的读法来试着总结一下:
1)三个数字为一组
2) 百位和十位之间用and连接(如果没有十位,百位和各位之间也用and连)
2)thousand (三位数前)million(六位数前)billion(九位数前)
18cause;引起,导致=bring about
19分数:母序子基,
分子大于1,分母加s
四分之一亦作: a quarter
二分之一亦作: a half
20be short of 缺乏
21be short for 是、、、的缩写
22be known as =be famous as作为、、、而闻名
23be famous for因为、、、而闻名
be famous in在、、方面而闻名
24work well in doing sth.做的好
25take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
26 offer to do sth. 主动提出要做某事
offer sb sth 给某人提供某物
27prefer: 更喜欢
1)prefer A to B 和A比较更喜欢B
2) prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某
3)prefer to do rather than do sth.宁愿而不
28 called =named= with the name of 叫做
29 unless 除非,如果不= if not
30 a couple of 一对,一双,夫妇
31 a place of interest一处名胜
32现在完成时态二:
1现在完成时不能和明确的表示过去的时间状语联用,如:yesterday, last week, in 1999等,它们适用与一般过去时。
2)常与不明确的过去时间状语联用:already, yet, just, before, ever, lately, once等。
Unit 1Topic3
1how do you like...?
= what do you think of ...?
2get used to (doing) sth.
习惯于做某事
3 used to do sth.过去总是做某事
4 be used to do sth 被用作、、、
5 since and for
since:1)since+过去某一时间点或句子如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
2) since +一段时间+ ago
3) since +从句
for+一段时间
6 is called 被称为
7 success n.
successful adj.
successfully adv.
succeed v. 成功
succeed in doing sth.成功做事
收藏 分享
Unit 2Topic1
1 be harmful to sb.\sth.对某人物有害
2 there be +sth\sb doing sth 有某人或某物正在做某事
3 pour...into ..把、、、倒入、、、
4 a waste of time 浪费时间
5 influence v. 对、、、有影响
6 hold one’s breath. 摒住呼吸
7 take a deep breath深呼吸
8 in a bad mood坏心情
9 in a good mood 好心情
10 can’t stand sth\doing sth.
不能容忍(做)某事
11 hope +从句
wish sb to do sth
hope to do sth
12take drugs 吸毒
表示服药都用 take 或have ,不用eat.
13so that 结果状语从句
14 not all .部分否定“不是所有的、、
15 quite a few 许多大量
16 it is reported \it is said 据报道\据说
17 no better than 和、几乎一样坏
18 do (great) harm to 对、、、有害
19 have an (no) effect on sth.
对某事有(没)影响
20 many kinds of许多种
21 be bad for 对、、、有害
22 greener people 环保者
23 high blood pressure 高血压
24直接引语变间接引语
1)若直接引语引号里的内容是陈述句,那么改为间接时,要用连词 (that)
2)一般疑问句要用连词 if/whether (不可以省略) 去掉引号加if(或whether), 陈述语序要记住。 时态、人称和状语, 小心变化别马虎。
3)特殊疑问句要用连词 wh- 即特殊疑问词本身(不可省)直接去引号, 陈述莫忘掉。 助动do(does)、did, 一定要去掉。
时态:直接引语变间接引语时态对应转换表
直接引语时态 间接引语时态
一般现在时→ 一般过去时
一般将来时→ 过去将来时
现在进行时→ 过去进行时
一般过去时→ 过去完成时
现在完成时→ 过去完成时
过去完成时→ 过去完成时
Unit 2Topic2
1 as a result 结果
2 something useful有用的东西
3 none of 一个也没有
4 here and there 到处
5 care for=take care of 照顾
6 change into变成
7 stop\prevent…from doing阻止
8 cut down砍倒
9 human beings人类
10 millions of数百万的
11 take away拿走
12 the level of 、、的水平
13 refer to 涉及到
14 take up占据
15 deal with处理
16 不定代词:
some\any\no\every+
thing\one\body\where
(谓三,定后)
Unit 2Topic3
1 work for 为、、、工作
2 it’s \was +|adj+of\for sb to do sth.
3 be supposed to do sth 应该
4并列连词
and 表示并列or 表示选择,否则
while 表示对比 but表示转折
5 ought to 情态动词+动原
6 on time 按时,准时
7 make sure of 弄清楚、、
8 make sure +从句
9 in time ,及时
10 on time 按时
11 nuclear energy 原子核能源
12 one of + 名词复数(谓三)
13 biogas technology 生物气技术
14 rennewable energy可再生资源
15 1990s 20世纪90年代
16 the best-known最着名的
17 how often 多长时间一次(频率)
18 how long 多长时间(回答时间短)
19 how soon 多久(多用将来时回答)
20 how far 多远(距离)
Unit3Topic1
1 stick to 坚持坚守+名词
2 stick to+ving 坚持做某事
3一般现在时被动语态:
S+is/am/are+及物动词过去分词
4 one day 将来有一天、过去的一天
5 some day 只表示将来有一天
6 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待7 have a (good) chance to do sth 有(好)机会做某事
8 have no chance to do sth.
没机会做某事
9 throughout the world 全世界
10 try\do one’s best to do竭尽所能做某事
11 from now on 从现在开始
12 pleased with 对、、、满意
13 on business 出差
14 be similar to 和、、、相似
15 be the same as 和、、、一样
16 It’s possible that+ 从句
17 have (no) trouble \difficulty (in) doing sth.
做某事(没)有麻烦
18 be in trouble 处于不幸苦恼
19 if necessary如果有必要
20 translate...into...翻译
21 ask sb for help 向某人求助
22 study n.研究书房 v 学习
23 show sb the way to指路
24 show sb +疑问词+ to do
25a number of 许多+复数名词
26 the number of…、、、的总数(谓三)
27 regard …as…把、、、看作、、、=consider…as…
28含有情态动词的被动语态,
结构:情态动词can,may,should等+be+及物动词的过去分词
否定:应在情态动词后面加not;
疑问:应将情态动词移到句首
29 in the nineteenth century. 表示世纪in the +序数词+century
30 take the leading position
处于领先地位
Unit3Topic2
1 follow the doctor’s advice
遵医嘱
2 say hello to sb 向某人问好
3 different adj. difference n. differently adv.
4 be different from
5 English-speaking countries
讲英语的国家
6 spoken English 英语口语
7用现在进行时态表将来,有意图打 算安排的含义,比较生动,所常用的动词有:(come go start leave arrive ...)
8 depend on 视、、、而定,取决于、、、
9 make +宾语+过去分词:
make myself understood
使、、、怎么样 表示被动的含义
10人做主语 need to do
11物做主语need doing
=need to be done
12 What do you mean?
= what’s your meaning?
13see sb off =send sb off 送别
14the way to去、、的路
15with his thumb rais手指向上
16reach get to arrive at(小\in 大)到达
17clam down 冷静
18 send sb sth=send sth to sb
给某人寄,发送、、、
19 in twenty minutes 20分钟后 in+时间段 用于将来时
20 Are you kidding?
21 be worried about sth\sb
对、、、担心
22 generally speaking 一般来说,
23 as for sb\sth 至于某人某物
24 frist floor 一楼
second floor 二楼 (美式英语)
ground floor 一楼
first floor 二楼
second floor 三楼(英式英语)
25though =although=even though
虽然,尽管
26 be close to 靠近
27 ask for a ride 搭乘
28 give sb a ride 捎某人一段路
29 come about 发生
30 be forced to do sth 被迫做、、、
31 in the beginning 最初,起初
32German 德语,德国人
Germany 德国
变复数:中日不变英法变,
其他S在后面German--Germans 33 write to sb 给某人写信
34 in the past +时间段 ,在过去的、、、,通常用于现在完成时
35 I’m going. 我要走了
(现在进行时除表现在外,还可以表示将来。现在进行时表将来时常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动,给人一种期待感)
Unit3Topic3
1 have long conversations with 与、、、常谈
2 work hard at...在、、、努力
3 oral English=spoken English
口语
4 in public
5 sleepy adj 困的,欲睡的;
asleep adj. 熟睡的,睡着的;sleepless adj失眠的
sleep v.n 睡;
sleeper n.睡的很沉的人.
6 be afraid of doing(自己也无法左右的突发事情)
be afraid to do
7 it seems that +从句
= sb \sth seems to do 似乎好像
8 I don’t know what to do.
疑问词+动词不定式做宾语
9 at times 有时
10 feel like+n.\pron.\ doing sth =would like +n\pron\to do sth. 喜欢,想要
11 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
12 keep a diary 记日记 (有习惯) write a diary 写一篇日记
13 I beg your pardon. 对不起,请原谅
14 give sb some advice(n.) on \about...给某人一些有关、、、的建议
15 do lots of listening practice
做大量听力训练
16 breathe v. breath
17 wonder v.想知道=want to know
18 the best time to do sth.
做某事最好的时间
19 advise(v.) sb to do sth.
建议某人做某事
20 hold (have)a class meeting
开班会
21 in one’s opinion 依某人的看法
22 It’s an honor to do sth.
做某事感到荣幸
23 Good job! = Well done!
24 remember to do \doing
(forget to do\doing)
25 as long as 只要=only if
26 agree with sb同意某人的意见
27 agree to do sth同意做某事
28 agree on sth 同意某事
29 belive in sb 信任某人
belive sb 相信某人
30 not always 未必,不一定
31 last but not least 最后但同样重要
32 keep (on) doing sth.
一直不断地做某事
33 keep sb doing th
让某人一直做某事
34 总结:wh-+ to do
wh-指when where what which who whom 及how ,他们和动词不定式联用, 即为wh-+to do 结构,在句中常用作主语表语或宾语
Unit4Topic1
1the legend about 有关、、、的传说
2 be known to 被、、、知道了
3 dream of doing sth 梦想做、、
后也可直接+n.\pron. 梦见、、、
4make great progress in (doing)sth 在某方面取得巨大进步
5 achieve one’s dream 实现,成就某人的梦想
6 speed n.速度 at a high speed 高速 7 at a speed of 以、、、的速度
8 in every direction 向四面八方
9 introction n. 介绍
introce v.介绍,引进
10 introce...to sb把、、、介绍给、、、、
11 expect sb to do sth
期望某人做某事
12 a kind of all kinds of
many different kinds of
13 others 泛指其他的 the others
特指其他的,后不接名词
other 泛指其他的 the other特指其他的 后可加名词
other+名词=others
the other+名词=the others
14究竟,到底
15 add ...to...加,增加
16 on earth 在地球上
17 there is no doubt 毫无疑问
18 place and cancel orders
下订单和取消订单
19 come into being
出现, 产生,开始存在
20 instead of 代替,而不是
21 for instance =for example 例如
such as 常指列举同类事物
22 one’s own 某人自己的
23 follow sb to do sth
跟着某人去做某事
24 type (it) in 把它输入
25 conect ...to \with
把、、、和、、、连接
26 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭
turn up大声 turn down 小声
(各种开关)
Unit4Topic2
1 be allowed to do sth.
被允许做某事
2 allow sb to do sth.
允许某人做某事
3 too much 太多,即可修饰不可数名词也可修饰动词名前动后
4 much too放在形容词和副词之前,太、、、 much too long 太长
much too fast太快
5 show sth to sb = show sb sth
把某物给某人看
6 show sb around 带领某人参观
7 be made of 看得出原材料
8 be made from 看不出原材料
9 be made in 在、、、制造
10 be made by sb 由某人制造
11 be used for 被用来做
12 be used by 被谁所用
13 be used to do 被用来做、、、
14 in people’s daily life
在人们的日常生活
15 it’s said that 据说,听说
16 ring one’s life 某人的一生
17 go this way 这边请
18 was created 被创造
19 DNA脱氧核糖核酸
20 has been used
现在完成时的被动语态
结构:have\has +been+动分
21 no one 用来指认其后不能接of ,用作主语时谓语动词用单三
22 none不仅指认也可指物,其后常接of短语
23 none用来回答how many no one 用来回答who
24 know\say for certain 确切的知道
25 be surprised at \by +名词、代词 为、、、而感到惊讶
26 be surprised to do sth.
为、、、而感到惊讶
27 think for oneself 独立思考
28 think to oneself 自己心里想
29 warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事
30 Warn sb about\of sth 警告某人某事
31Warn sb against doing sth
=warn sb not to sth
警告某人不做某事
32 no longer 不再=not …any longer
33 treat sb\sth as\like sth.
以、、、的方式对待
34 be meant to do sth.应该做某事特别是应某人的吩咐或根据职责
35 in the …field 在、、、领域
36 make a contribution(s) to
sth.\doing sth.为、、、做贡献
37 in…direction 按、朝、、、的放心
38 work well 奏效,起作用
39总结:一般过去时的被动语态was\were +动词的过去分词
40 work as 从事某种职业
41 work on、upon 从事,忙于
42 the rest 剩余的部分+ of+名词
43 lose one’s way=get lost 迷路
44 work out 计算,算出
Unit4Topic3
1 be able to 的意义等同于can,
但是can 没有将来时和完成时
2 be able to 与can 不能重叠使用
3 What fun! 多么有趣啊!
4 not…until… 直到、、、才、、、
5 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect 否定前移
6 with one’s own eyes 亲眼所见
7 on the radio 通过收音机
8 discover v.发现invent v.发明
9 find out 找出
1
0 base… on 以、、、为根据
11 decide to do sth. 决定做某事
decide on sth 决定某事
12 name…after… 以、的名字给、、、取名
13 be named after (被动语态)
14 at a distance of 相隔
15 at a distance 在远处
16 two-fifths as strong as
相当于、、、的五分之二强度
17 half as big as 像、、、一半那样大
18 twice as long as 像、、、两倍那样长
19 what’s worse 更糟的是、、、
20 What’s more 更有甚者,而且
21…there has been… 已经有、、、
22 there may be 可能有
23 there will be=there is going to be 将要有
24 alone 单独,独自一个人,不含感情色彩
25 lonely指内心的孤独,地方的荒无人烟,又浓重的感情色彩
26 总结:含有情态动词的被动语态
结构:情态动词+be+动分
否:在情态动词后直接+not
疑:把情态动词提前
参考资料:网络文库
‘叁’ 初三上学期英语要学习哪些语法
1.时态复习(一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来 时,现在完成时)
2.被动语态(一般现在时态的被动语态,一般过去时态的被动语态,一般将来时态的被动语态,现在完成时态的被动语态,情态动词的被动语态)
3.合成词构词法(名词+名词,名词+形容词,副词+名词,副词+动词)
4.前后缀构词法(re-, in(m)-, un-, dis-, anti-, -able, -ful, -less)
5.定语从句(that,which,who,whose引导的定语从句,引导词的省略)
6.冠词与数字
7.主谓一致
重点是定语从句,被动语态
适用于 外研新标准教材
‘肆’ 九年级上册的英语复习提纲和归纳,
Unit 1
重点词组:
1.by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡
2. ask…for help 向某人求助
3.read aloud 朗读
4.that way (=in that way) 通过那种方式
5.improve my speaking skills
提高我的会话技巧
6.for example (=for instance)例如
7.have fun 玩得高兴
8.have conversations with friends
与朋友对话
9.get excited 高兴,激动
10.end up speaking in Chinese
以说汉语结束对话
11.do a survey about… 做有关…的调查
12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔记
13.spoken English (= oral English) 英语口语
14.make mistakes 犯错误
15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确
16.practise speaking English 练习说英语
17.first of all 首先
18.begin with 以…开始
19.later on 随后
20.in class在课堂上
21.laught at 嘲笑
22.take notes 记笔记
23.enjoy doing 喜欢干…
24.write down 写下,记下
25.look up (v + adv) 查找,查询
26.native speakers 说本族话的人
27.make up 编造,虚构,化妆,打扮
28.around the world 全世界
29.deal with 对待,处理,解决
30.worry about (be worried about) 担心,担忧
31.be angry with 生某人的气
32.stay angry 生气
33.go by 消逝
34. regard…as… 把…当做…
35.complain about/of 抱怨
36. change…into… 把…变成… (= turn into)
37.with the help of 在…的帮助下
38. compare…to (with)… 把…和…作比较
39.think of (think about) 想起,想到
40.physical problems身体上的问题
41.break off 中断,突然终止
42. not…at all 根本不,全然不
Unit 2 重点词组:
1. be more interested in 对…更感兴趣.
2. on the swim team 游泳队的队员.
3. be terrified of 害怕.
4. gym class 体操课.
5. worry about. 担心.
6. all the time 一直, 总是
7. chat with 与…闲聊
8. hardly ever 几乎从不
9. walk to school = go to school on foot
take the bus to school = go to school by
bus 步行去学校
10. as well as 不仅…而且
11. get into trouble 遇到麻烦
12. make a decision 做出决定
13. to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是
14. take pride in 为…感到骄傲
15. pay attention to 留心, 注意
16. consist of 由…组成/构成.
be made up of 由…组成/构成.
17. instead of 代替, 而不是
18. in the end 最后, 终于
19. play the piano 弹钢琴
Unit 3 重点词组:
1. be allowed to do sth 被允许干…
allow sb to do sth 允许某人干…
allow doing sth 允许干…
2.sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys
and girls 16岁的孩子
3. part-time jobs 兼职工作
4. a driver’s license 驾照
5. on weekends 在周末
6. at that age 在那个年龄段
7. on school nights 在上学期间的每个晚上
8. stay up 熬夜
9. clean up (相当与及物动词) 清扫
10. fail (in) a test 考试不及格
11. take the test 参加考试
12. the other day 前几天
13. all my classmates 我所有的同学
14. concentrate on 全神贯注于
15. be good for 对…有益
16. in groups 成群的,按组的
17. get noisy 吵闹(系表结构)
18. learn from 向某人学习
19. at present 目前,现在
20. have an opportunity to do sth
有做…的机会
21.English-English dictionary
英英词典
22. at least 至少
23.eight hours’ sleep a night
每晚8小时的睡眠
24. an old people’s home 敬老院
25. take time to do sth 花费时间干…
26. primary schools 小学
27. have…off 放假,休息
28. reply to 回答,答复
29. get in the way of 妨碍
30. a professional athlete 职业运动员
31. achieve one’s dreams 实现梦想
32. think about 思考,考虑
33. in the end 最后,终于
34. be serious about 对…热忠/极感兴趣
35. spend…on + n. spend …(in) + v-ing
在…上花费时间/金钱
36. care about 关心,担心,在乎
37. agree with 同意…
Unit 4 重点词组:
1、give it to charity 把它捐给慈善机构
2、medical research 医学研究
3、What if …… 如果…怎么样?
4、get nervous 紧张
5、take a big exam 参加大考
6、help with 有助于
7、in public 在公共场合
8、hardly ever 几乎不
9、the whole school 全校
10、without permission 为经许可
11、be(make) friends with 与…交朋友
12、ask one’s permission 请求××的允许
13、introce…to… 把…介绍给…
14、invite…to do… 邀请…干…
15、social situations 社会环境
16、not… in the slightest 根本不,一点也不
17、right away 立刻,马上
18、all day 全天
19、be friendly to 对…友好
20、at lunch time 在午饭时间
21、a bit shy 有点害羞
22、English speech contest 英语演讲比赛
23、represent the class 代表班级
24、come top 名列第一(前茅)
25、let … down 使…失望
26、come up with 提出、想出
27、be sure of + n./pron.
28、the rest of the students 其余的学生
be sure to do 相信…
be sure +that 从句
29、have a lot of experience (in) doing sth
在做某事方面有经验
30、deal with 对付,处理
31、come out 出版
32、give advice on… 在…方面提出意见、建议
33、by accident 偶然地,无意之中
34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干…
35、an internet friend 网友
Unit 5
一、重点词组:
1、be long to属于 11、wear a suit穿西装
2、listen to classical music听古典音乐 12、make a movie拍电影
3、at school上学、求学、在学校 13、in our neighborhood在我们附近、在我们小区
4、go to the concert去听音乐会 14、have fun玩耍、取闹
5、have any/some idea知道 have no idea不知道 15、his or her own idea她(他)自己的看法
6、a math test on algebra有关代数的数学考试 16、late night深夜
7、the final exam期末考试 17、an ocean of许许多多、无穷无尽的
8、because of因为 18、be care of=look out当心、小心
9、a present for his mother送给她妈妈的礼物 19、pretend to do sth假装干…
10、run for exercise跑步锻炼 20、use up用完、用光
Unit 6 重点词组:
1.expect to do sth.期望干……
expect sb. to do sth期望某人干……
2.catch up with追上,赶上
3.different kinds of music各种不同的音乐
4.quiet and gentle songs轻柔的歌曲
5. take…to… 带……到……
6. remind…of…使某人想起或意识到……
7.her own songs她自己的歌曲
8.be important to对……重要
9.Yellow River黄河
10.Hong Tao’s latest movie洪涛最近的电影
11.over the years多年来
12.be sure to do sth.务必干……一定干……
13.one of the best known Chinese photographers世界上最有名的中国摄影家之一
14.on display展览,展出
15.come and go来来往往
16.can’t stand不能忍受
17.look for寻找
18.feel sick感到恶心,不舒服
19.have a great time玩得高兴,过得愉快
20.to be honest说实话
21.be lucky to do幸运的是……
22.my six-month English course
我6个月的英语课
23.most of my friends我的大部分朋友
24.go for去找某人,想法得到某事物
25.stay healthy保持健康
26.French fries薯条
27.stay away from与……保持距离
28.be in agreement意见一致(后跟短语、句子)
29.barbecued meat烤肉
30.a tag question反意疑问句
31.be bad for对……有害
Unit7 重点词组:
1.go on vacation 去度假
2.trek through the jungle 徒步穿越丛林
3.some day 有朝一日
4.one of the liveliest cities
最有活力的城市之一
5.be supposed to do sth. 应该干。
6.pack light clothes 穿薄衣服
7.take a trip 去旅行
8.provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb为某人提供某物
9.be away 离开,远离
10.the answer to the question 问题的答案
11.according to 根据。按照。
12.work as tour guides 做导游的工作
13.dream of 梦想,想到
14.less realistic dreams 不现实的梦想
15.be willing to do sth. 愿意干。
16.achieve one’s dreams 实现梦想
17.sail across the pacific 横渡太平洋
18.hold on to 保持,不要放弃(卖掉)
19.take it easy 从容 轻松 不紧张
20.Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉大瀑布
21.Eiffel Tower 艾菲尔铁塔
22.Notre Dame Cathedral 巴黎圣母院
23.this time of year 一年中的这个时候
24.in general 通常 ,大体上, 一般而言
Unit8 重点词组:
1.clean up 把…打扫干净
2.cheer up使振奋
3.put off推迟
4.give out分发
5.set up建立,创立
6.think up想出
7.put up张贴
8.fix up修理
9.take after与…相像
10.work out发展,成功
11.ask for要求
12.hungry people饥饿的人们
13.make a plan制定计划
14.at once立刻
15….fill…with…把…装满
Unit9 重点词组:
1.be used for用来做…
2.be invented by由某人发明
3.light bulb电灯泡
4.the number of…的数量
5.by mistake 错误的
6.in the end 最后
7.salty enough足够咸
8.by accident偶然,意外
9.not…until……直道…才
10.knock into撞上(某人)
Unit10 重点词组:
1.give sb. a ride顺便送某人一程
2.come out 出现
3.run off跑掉
4.on time准时
5.break down坏掉
6.show up出席
7.set off出发
8.get married结婚
9.sell out卖光
10.wait for sb. to do等待某人做某事
‘伍’ 关于初三英语总复习的知识点
1.掌握考纲
2.语法选择不失分
3.可以加强阅读和cloz,主要可以多看书,背单词,不过还是考纲为主
初三英语其实并不难,真正难的是数学啦~~
所以保持良好的心态,多做题,熟能生巧~
‘陆’ 2021中考英语知识点汇总跪求免费链接资源有的话快点分享给我谢谢么么哒
链接:
2021中考英语知识点汇总,网络网盘doc文档。
‘柒’ 初三上册英语的语法和重点单词和短语
用带to 的不定式
1.告诉某人(不)干某事 tell sb(not) to do sth
2.要求某人(不)干某事 ask sb (not )to do sth
3.命令某人(不)干某事 order sb (not) to do sth
4.留心(别)干某事 take care (not) to do sth
5.尽力(别)干某事 try (not) to do sth
6.想要(某人)干某事 want (sb )to do sth=would like to do sth
7.鼓励某人干某事 encourage sb to do sth
8.允许某人干某事 allow sb to do sth
被允许干某事 be allowed to do sth
90希望某人干某事 wish sb to do sth
10希望干某事 hope to do sth
11决定干某事 decide to do sth
12不得不干某事 have to do sth
有某事要做 have sth to do sth
13.同意干某事 agree to do sth
(同意某人) (agree with..)
14计划干某事 plan to do sth
15学着干某事 learn to do sth
16.需要干某事 need to do sth
17打算干某事 be going to do sth
18干某事的一个好时光 a good time to do sth
19第一个做…的… the first …to do sth
最后一个做..的… the last …to do sth
20发现干某事…. find it +形容词 to do sth
21.为了干某事 in order to do sth
22特殊疑问词+动词? 特殊疑问词(what/how/which/where…)+to do(除了happen外)
What will happen?/What happened ?/What happens?
23(对某人来说)干某事…..。It’s +形容词+ (for sb)to do sth.=Doing sth is +形容词
二、各类重点短语
to
1.给某人某东西 give sb sth=give sth to sb
2.送给某人某东西 send sb sth=send sth to sb
3.借给某人某东西 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb
4.还给某人某东西 return sth to sb=give sth back to sb
返回某地 return to …=go back to…
5.把某东西带到某地来 bring sth to …
6.把某东西带到某地去 take sth to…
7.对某人说(道歉) say(sorry)to sb
8对某人友好 be friendly to sb
9与某人交谈 talk to sb=talk with sb
10….发生在某人身上 …happen to sb
11问题的答案 the answer to the question
问题的解决方法 the solutions to the problems
去运动俱乐部的路 the way to the sports club
12应该做某事 be supposed to do sth=should do sth
13能做某事 be able to do sth = can do sth
14令某人吃惊的事 to one’s surprise
吃惊干某事 be surprised to do sth
for
1为某人买某东西 buy sb sth=buy sth for sb
get get
2向某人要某东西 ask sb for sth
向某人求助 ask sb for help
向我妈妈要钱 ask my mother for money
3寻找… look for
关心… care for
花钱买…;赔偿;pay for
等…. wait for
4对….有益处; be good for
5…的票 the ticket for(=to)
6例如 for example
7至于… as for
8为慈善机构募捐 raise money for charity
On
1在电话上交谈 talk on the phone
2.与…相处的(融洽) get on (=along) (well) with…
3在他的九(十二)生日时 on his ninth (twelfth) birthday
4打开(关上) turn on (turn off)
up
1把..拣起来 pick… up
2给…打电话 call … up
3开设 open up
4(音量的)调大 turn up
调小 turn down
5起床 get up
as
1与…一样 as….as
2不与….一样 not as…as
讲英语与当地的讲话者一样好 speak English as well as native speakers
3尽可能….. as……as possible
尽可能多地讲英语 speak English as much as possible
4与….一样 the same… as…
out
1当….;防… keep …out
2熄灭… put…out
3用光了(…) run out (of…)
4离开(…);(从…)出来 get out(of…)
With
1生某人的气 be(=get) angry with ssb
2与某人争吵 argue(=have arguements) with sb
3(不同意)同意某人 (disagree) agree with sb
4与某人打架 fight(=have a fight with)sb
5与某人交朋友 make friends with…
6一个历史悠久的国家(城市) a country(city)with a long history
Away
1没收… take… away
2赠送… give…away
3(从…)逃跑 run away (from…)
At
1对…发火 be(=get)mad at
2首先 at first
About
1与某人谈论有关某事 talk about sth with sb
2考虑;认为= ( ) think about (think of)
From
1来自… be from=come from
2从……到… from….to…
3向某人借…. borrow sth from sb
4收到某人的信 receive(=get)a letter from sb
Of
1 想起;认为 think of..
(考虑;认为) (think about…)
2 一条…;一幅…;一双…;一对… a pair of …
3 一种…. a kind of…
各种各样.. all kinds of….
有点儿. kind of=a little=a bit=a little bit
4一首… a piece of..
5当然 of course=certainly
6照顾(好)… take (good)care of.. =look after…(well)
7 听说… hear of
8 用光了… run out (of…)
9 最….之一 one of + 形容词的最高级+可数名词的复数
10 过时了(时髦) be out of style(in style)
in
1事实上;实际上 in fact
2.爱上…. fall in love with
3进来 come in
4排队等候 wait in line
插队 cut in line
5在某方面做地好 do well in
6让某人进去 let sb. in
7在将来 in (the )future
8在公共场所 in public =in the public places
9.时髦 be in style
10过一会儿 in a minute
11身体健康 be in good health
12在一个说英语的国家 in an English-speaking country
13在空余时间 in spare time
14用俄国风格 in Russian style
15用英语写 write in English
16处于困境 in trouble
17处于危险中 in danger
Not
1根本不.. not(….)at all
2 直到…..才….. not…until
其它短语
1乱扔垃圾 drop(dropping) litter
2恼火 get annyed
3实现 come true
4发生 take place
5把某东西忘在某地 leave sth sw
你昨天把作业落在家里。 You left your homework at home yesterday.
6睡着 fall (fell) asleep
7环球旅行 travel around the world =travel all over the world
8给他们提些建议 give them some suggestions=give them some advice
9违反规则;打破规则 break the rules
10太空站 space station
11找一个兼职工作 get a part-time job
12全世界 all over the world=around the world
13顺便说一下 by the way
14 过得愉快 have a good time =have fun
15 起飞;脱下 take off
16一个80岁的祖母 an eighty-year-old grandmother
‘捌’ 初三英语上册知识点
期末复习:语法复习
动词不定式
一. 定义:
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语。同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
二. 动词不定式的构成:to+动词原形
三. 动词不定式作宾语
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有:agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。
We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。
The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项(2点)
1. 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语,也可跟动名词作宾语,但含义不同:
remember to do 记住要做某事
remember doing 记得曾经做过某事
forget to do忘记要做某事
forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事
stop to do 停下来去做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
go on to do 继续做另一件事
go on doing 继续做原来在做的事
I remember seeing you somewhere before.
我记得以前在哪儿见过你。
Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.
离开时请记得关好灯。
2. 不定式作宾语时,如带有宾语补足语,则要把不定式放到后面,用it作形式宾语,构成“主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”结构。
如:He found it very difficult to get to sleep.
他发现很难入睡。
四. 动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. 后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。
The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。
I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。
We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。
2. 使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。
Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。
I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。
感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补,也可跟v-ing作宾补,前者表示动作的全部过程已结束;后者表示动作正在进行。
I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。(说明他下楼了这件事)
I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。(说明他下楼时的情景)
五. 动词不定式作状语
Later he left home to work in different cities. 不久他离开家到不同的城市工作。
He went to see a football match. 他去看足球比赛了。
In order to catch the other students, I must work hard.
为了赶上其他同学,我必须努力学习。
六. 动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语一般放在所修饰的词的后面。
I need something to eat.
Do you have something to read?
Tom was so excited that he had no word to say.
He is really a fool only to eat.
The man to stand here just now is our English teacher.
The doctor had no way to save the patient.
注意:
(1)作定语的不定式是由及物动词组成,被修饰的名词或代词与不定式之间存在方位或方式关系需要有介词。
I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间住房。(方位关系)
We have many things to do experiments with.
我们有许多做实验的东西(方式关系)
(2)作定语的不定式是由“be + adj + prep”构成的动词短语。
Here there isn’t any book for me to be interested in.
We have done many things to proud of. 我们做了许多引以自豪的事。
七. 动词不定式作主语
To give is better than to receive.
To reach there on foot is impossible.
动词不定式作主语时,可以用it 代替,把实际主语不定式放在后面。
It’s better to give than to receive.
It’s impossible to reach there on foot.
It’s + adj + for sb. to do sth.
It’s not difficult for me to study English well.
It’s easy for him to work out this math problem.
在这个句型中,如果形容词与不定式的逻辑主语关系密切,并且形容词用来说明逻辑主语的性质、品质、特点等,由of引出逻辑主语。这类形容词主要有nice, kind, good, wrong, right等。
八. 动词不定式和疑问词连用
动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how, where, when连用,构成不定式短语,可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
How to do is still a question.
Have you decided when to leave?
九. 动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not;不带to的不定式则在动词前加not. 如:
Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 张明要我不要整天呆在家里。
My mother let me not do it by myself. 妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。
被动语态
英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态
主动语态(The Active Voice)表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态(The Passive Voice)表示主语是动作的承受者。
构成:承受者+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般现在时:承受者+助动词am / is/are +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
一般过去时:承受者+助动词was / were +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词shall / will be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+助动词 have/ has been+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
承受者+ can /may/must/should +be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者
被动语态用法:
1)当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁,或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,需用被动语态。
2)当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
3)如果需要说出动作的执行者, 用by引导出动作的执行者。
主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
主动语态变为被动语态时有以下几种情况:
1)主语+谓语动词+宾语
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(主动)We bought a book yesterday.
(被动)The book was bought yesterday.
2)主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
将主动语态中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。多数情况下将间接宾语变为主语。如果直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前要加介词to / for。
(主动)He showed me a book yesterday.
(被动)I was showed a book yesterday.
(被动)The book was showed to me yesterday.
3)主语+谓语动词+复合宾语
含有一个由宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语,变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语保留不变,成为主语补足语。
(主动)I found him a good pupil. (宾语补足语)
(被动)He was found a good pupil. (主语补足语)
4)短语动词变为被动语态
有些短语动词相当于一个及物动词,其后可以接宾语,因此它们也有被动语态,但短语动词是不可分割的整体,变为被动语态时不可去掉其后面的介词或副词。
(主动)We should look after the patients very well.
(被动)The patients should be looked after very well by us.
5)宾语从句变为被动语态
若主动语态中是宾语从句,变为被动语态时常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在后面。
It’s said that he passed the exam.
被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题:
(1)不及物动词带介词和介词宾语,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词。
(主动)The students in class listen to the teacher carefully.
(被动)The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.
(2)当动词带有复合宾语时,并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时,在被动语态中应加上“to”。
(主动)They make do all the work.
(被动)We were made to do all the work.
(主动)We often hear her sing English songs.
(被动)She is often heard to sing English songs.
(主动)I see him walk to school.
(被动)He is seen to walk to school.
‘玖’ 求:初三上册英语1-5单元知识点。。
呵呵 希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈 记得采纳O(∩_∩)O哈!
九年级英语复习---语法讲解(1-7单元)
Unit1
By是个很常用的介词(有时也用作副词),在初中英语中的用法有以下几种: 1.意为“在……旁”、“靠近”。如: Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞,有的在湖边画画儿。 2.意为“不迟于”、“到……时为止”。如: Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲? 3.表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。如: The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父亲是那么的感激,于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。 4.表示“逐个”、“逐批”的意思。如: One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。5.表示“根据”、“按照”的意思。如:What time is it by your watch? 你的表几点了? 6.和take , hold等动词连用,说明接触身体的某一部分。如: I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用于被动句中,表示行为主体,常译作“被”、“由”等。如: English is spoken by many people. 英语被许多人所说。(即“许多人讲英语。”) 8.组成其它短语。 1) by the way : 意为“顺便说”、“顺便问一下”,常做插入语。如: By the way , where’s Li Ping , do you know?
顺便问一下,李平在哪儿。你知道吗? 2) by oneself : 意为“单独”、“自行”。如: I can’t leave her by herself. 我不能把她单独留下。 3) by and by : 意为“不久以后”、“不一会儿”。如: But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以后,越来越多的人开始学英语了。
二、动名词的构成动词后加动名词doing,相当于名词,在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语定语等。1)★作主语(这种用法常考)
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方与北方开战了。2)作宾语Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗?3)作表语Babysister’s job is washing,cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服,作饭和照看孩子。
Unit2
used to 的用法:(1)肯定句:used这个词没有人称的变化,to后面接动词原形。
否定句是didn’t use to….
When I was a child, I didn’t use to like apples.当我还是孩子的时候我不喜欢苹果.
疑问形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?当你来这儿之前你住哪儿?
(2)含有used to 的句子的反意疑问句不要usedn’t + 主语,而用didn’t + 主语。He used to smoke, didn’t he? 他过去常常吸烟,是吗?Yes, he did./ No, he didn’t. 是的,他吸。/ 不,他不吸。
(3)used to 表示过去的习惯动作, 而不是现在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已经习惯于这里的天气了。He is used to hard work. 他习惯于艰苦的工作。
(4)used to 可以和be, have 以及其他状态动词连用,描写过去的状态。 I used to be a waiter, but now I’m a taxi-driver.我过去是一个服务员,但现在我是出租车司机。
★ 本单元的许多运用used to 的句子属于描述过去的状态。Mario used to be short.马力奥过去总是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing.爱米过去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜过去有一头直的长头发。He used to wear black shoes. 他过去常穿黑鞋。
Unit3
本单元重点讲到了被动语态的用法英语动词的被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be有时态,人称和数的变化,其变化规则与连系动词be完全一样。
一、被动语态的句式变化: 以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化:
二、各种时态的被动语态结构总结如下: 被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后面的过去分词不变。一般现在时的被动语态为:主+am / is / are (not)+过去分词一般过去时的被动语态为:主+was / were +过去分词
例如:我们学过的was / were born 生于,就是一个被动语态.born是个过去分词(bear)-When were you born ? -I was born in 1989. 现在进行时被动语态的构成为: 主语+is / am / are + being +过去分词
现在完成时被动语态的构成为: 主语+have / has +been +过去分词
情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词+be+过去分词
一般将来时的被动语态: 主语+will +be +过去分词
过去将来时的被动语态: 主语+would / should + be +过去分词
过去进行时的被动语态: 主语+was / were + being +过去分词
过去完成时的被动语态: 主语+had + been +过去分词
三、被动语态的用法:(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,不用by+动作执行者短语 Football is played widely all over the world. 全世界都广泛地踢足球。
(2)强调动作的承受者,这时应用by短语。The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午这家银行遭到抢劫。
(3)作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.
据报道美国大约二十名儿童死于流感。
四、主动语态的句子变为被动语态的方法是:(1)把原句中的宾语变为主语(2)动词改为被动形式,即be+过去分词(3)原来的主语,如果需要的话,放在by后面,如果没必要,可省略。请看下表:
主动语态 被动语态
They make trains in Zhuzhou. They use this key for locking the classroom door.Many people speak English.He wrote a letter.They are building a road. Trains are made in Zhuzhou.This key is used for locking the classroom door(by them).English is spoken by many people.A letter was written by him.A road is being built (by them).
Unit4
虚拟语气:如果我们所说的不是事实,也不是要求、命令、劝告等,而只是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想就用虚拟语气
注意:条件句分两种,真实条件句和虚拟条件句。只有在虚拟(非真实)条件句中,才用虚拟语气,而在真实条件句中,要用陈述语气。
请比较:
(1)If it is sunny tomorrow , we’ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天气好,我们将会去公园。在这句话中,明天天气好是完全有可能实现的,并非虚拟、幻想,因此是真实条件句。在本句中,适用“主将从现。”
(2)If I were you , I would go at once.
(如果我是你的话,我立刻就走。)在这句话中,条件句,“如果我是你”,但事实上,我不可能成为你,这只是假设的情况,没有实现的可能。当条件实现的可能性很小,甚至可以说没有时,就需要用虚拟语气来表示,动词发生了变化。
也就是说虚拟语气表示和现实的事实相反时,从句用一般过时。
主句用 “should/would/could/ might +动词原形。
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知识点2. He doesn’t know if he should bring a present.
此处if表示“是否”,引导宾语从句。Should此处表示“应该”。不是虚拟语气。
E.g.1. I don’t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知识点3.If I were you , I’d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引导的条件状语从句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气时,be动词只能用were,而不能用was。
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知识点4. I don’t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… “如果……怎么办?”相当于 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知识点5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻烦事 ,名词
常用搭配 :get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what’s the trouble
“if”引导的条件句。
Unit5
It must be--- (肯定是,100%)
It might/could be… (有可能,20-80%)
It can’t be… (肯定不是,0%)
程度 肯定句 否定句 疑问句
must ★ ★ ★ ★ √
may ★ ★ ★ √ √
might
/could ★ ★ √
√
√
√
can’t
can ★ √
√
1. --- Whose book is this?
--- It must be Mary’s. (肯定; 一定)
It must belong to Mary.
2. --- Whose French book is this?
--- It could be Ali’s. She studies French. (可能)
3. The hair band might belong to Linda.
might be Linda’s. (可能)
4. The T-shirt can’t be John’s. (不可能)
It’s much too small for him.
练习:1. --- Whose pen is this?
--- It ____ Liu Mei because I saw her use it the other day.
A. can’t be B. might be C. must belong to
2. That’s a piece of good news. They ___ glad to hear that.
A. can be B. might be C. must be D. can’t be
3. Mary ______ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.
A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. may not
Unit6
定语从句
1. who 指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略)
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略)
A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
↓
The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.
↓
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.
↓
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
↓
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时,有如下要点:
1 由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用,又在从句中充当一个成分,因此, 要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能,如作主语还是宾语等。
2 当先行词指人时,关系代词可用who(做主语,宾语),that(做主语,宾语),whom(作宾语),whose(作定语)
3 当先行词指物时,关系代词可用that(做主语,宾语),which(做主语,宾语)
4 再定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词长可省略,但在介词后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时,介词后只用whom,指物时,介词后只用which。
5 在非限制性定语从句中,指人时,只用who,指物时,只用which。
1.定语从句中that与who、which的区别
2.定语从句中关系词的省略
典型例题
1. The first job ________I found was to be a cleaner.
A. where B. why C. which D. that
解析:指事物的先行词前有序数词修饰时,只能用关系代词that。故本题的正确答案是D。
2. I don’t think history is as interesting as English.(改为同义词)
I think history is ___________ interesting _________ English.
解析:答案是:less; than。意思是“我认为历史不如英语有趣”。
3. The woman who is wearing the hat is my mother.(改为同义句)
The woman ________ the hat is my mother.
解析:读题后可知:上句含义是“戴帽子的那个妇女旭我的妈妈”,对应下句,可知空格处应填“戴”,故正确答案是in。
选择填空
1. The poor boy ________ lost both his parents last year is called Mike.
A.which B.what C.who D./
2. The bridge ________ has been there for nearly fifty years still looks nice.
A.which B.what C./ D.who
3. I’m one of the students _______well in English in my class.
A.who does B.who do C.which does D.who did
4. Is this factory ________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A.that B.where C.which D.the one
5. All______ they have done is good for us.
A.what B.which C.why D.that
Unit7
表达意愿的几个基本句子
a. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
b. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
c. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
d. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
答案:a. I hope to b. I’d like to c. I’d love to d. I want to
She would like to go to New York. (对划线部分提问)
答案:Where would she like to go?
注意:where在本句中为副词,go后面不能再加to,而Which city would she like to go to? 中which为代词。
九年级英语复习---语法讲解(Units8-15)
Unit8
1、短语动词小结
常见短语动词结构有下面几种:
1.动词+副词 如:give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜
这种结构有时相当于及物动词,如果其宾语是代词,就必须放在动词和副词之间,如果是名词,则既可插在动词和副词之间,也可放 在短语动词后。
2. 动词+介词 如:listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属于
这种结构相当于及物动词,后面跟宾语。
3. 动词+副词+介词 如:come up with 提出,想出 run out of 用完,耗尽
4. 动词+名词(介词) 如:take part in参加 catch hold of 抓住
2、倒装句
not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分
(1)引导以 not only …but (also)… 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒装句。也是说得要
把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如:
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不仅能做到而且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接两主语时,谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则 如:
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。
常见的就近原则的结构有:
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (两者中的一个)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only …but (also)…
There be
‘拾’ 初三上学期英语重点知识点
定语从句,主语从句,表语从句,状语从句等。还有各种时态,如现在进行时、一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去进行时等六大时态。