初中英語八下外研版知識點

㈠ 初中英語外研社版8年級下冊學習重點及語法知識

a series of 一系列,一連串
above all 首先,尤其是
after all 畢竟,究竟
ahead of 在...之前
ahead of time 提前
all at once 突然,同時
all but 幾乎;除了...都
all of a sudden 突然
all over 遍及
all over again 再一次,重新
all the time 一直,始終
all the same 仍然,照樣的
as regards 關於,至於
anything but 根本不
as a matter of fact 實際上
apart from 除...外(有/無)
as a rule 通常,照例
as a result(of) 因此,由於
as far as ...be concerned 就...而言
as far as 遠至,到...程度
as for 至於,關於
as follows 如下
as if 好像,仿怫
as good as 和...幾乎一樣
as usual 像平常一樣,照例
as to 至於,關於
all right 令人滿意的;可以
as well 同樣,也,還
as well as 除...外(也),即...又
aside from 除...外(還有)
at a loss 茫然,不知所措
at a time 一次,每次
at all 絲毫(不),一點也不
at all costs 不惜一切代價
at all events 不管怎樣,無論如何
at all times 隨時,總是
at any rate 無論如何,至少
at best 充其量,至多
at first 最初,起先
at first sight 乍一看,初看起來
at hand 在手邊,在附近
at heart 內心裡,本質上
at home 在家,在國內
at intervals 不時,每隔...
at large 大多數,未被捕獲的
at least 至少
at last 終於
at length 最終,終於
at most 至多,不超過
at no time 從不,決不
by accident 偶然
at one time 曾經,一度;同時
at present 目前,現在
at sb's disposal 任...處理
at the cost of 以...為代價
at the mercy of 任憑...擺布
at the moment 此刻,目前
at this rate 照此速度
at times 有時,間或
back and forth 來回地,反復地
back of 在...後面
before long 不久以後
beside point 離題的,不相乾的
beyond question 毫無疑問
by air 通過航空途徑
by all means 盡一切辦法,務必
by and by 不久,遲早
by chance 偶然,碰巧
by far 最,...得多
by hand 用手,用體力
by itself 自動地,獨自地
by means of 用,依靠
by mistake 錯誤地,無意地
by no means 決不,並沒有
by oneself 單獨地,獨自地
by reason of 由於
by the way 順便說說
by virtue of 藉助,由於
by way of 經由,通過...方法
e to 由於,因為
each other 互相
even if/though 即使,雖然
ever so 非常,極其
every now and then 時而,偶爾
every other 每隔一個的
except for 除了...外
face to face 面對面地
far from 遠非,遠離
for ever 永遠
for good 永久地
for the better 好轉
for the moment 暫時,目前
for the present 暫時,目前
for the sake of 為了,為了...的利益
for the time being 暫時,眼下
from time to time 有時,不時
hand in hand 手拉手 ,密切關聯
head on 迎面地,正面的
heart and soul 全心全意地
how about ...怎麼樣
in a hurry 匆忙,急於
in case of 假如,防備
in a moment 立刻,一會兒
in a sense 從某種意義上說
in a way 在某種程度上
in a word 簡言之,總之
in accordance with 與...一致,按照
in addition 另外,加之
in addition to 除...之外(還)
in advance 預先,事先
in all 總共,合計
in any case 無論如何
in any event 無論如何
in brief 簡單地說
in charge of 負責,總管
in common 共用的,共有的
in consequence(of) 因此;由於
in debt 欠債,欠情
in detail 詳細地
in difficulty 處境困難
in effect 實際上,事實上
in general 一般來說,大體上
in favor of 支持,贊成
in front of 面對,在...前
in half 成兩半
in hand 在進行中,待辦理
in honor of 為慶祝,為紀念
in itself 本質上,就其本身而言
in line with 與...一致
in memory of 紀念
in no case 決不
in no time 立即,馬上
in no way 決不
in order 按順序,按次序
in other words 換句話說
in part 部分地
in particular 特別,尤其
in person 親自,本人
in place 在合適的位置
in place of 代替,取代,交換
in practice 在實踐中,實際上
in proportion to 與...成比例
in public 公開地,當眾
in quantity 大量
in question 正在談論的
in regard to 關於,至於
in relation to 關於,涉及
in return 作為報答/回報/交換
in return for 作為對...報答
in short 簡言之,總之
in sight 被見到;在望
in spite of 盡管
in step 齊步,合拍
in step with 與...一致/協調
in tears 流著淚,在哭著
in the course of 在...期間/過程中
in the distance 在遠處
in the end 最後,終於
in the event of 如果...發生,萬一
in the face of 即使;在...面前
in the first place 首先
in the future 在未來
in the least 絲毫,一點
in (the)light of 鑒於,由於
in the way 擋道
in the world 究竟,到底
in time 及時
in touch 聯系,接觸
in turn 依次,輪流;轉而
in vain 徒勞,白費力
instead of 代替,而不是
just now 眼下;剛才
little by little 逐漸地
lots of 許多
many a 許多
more or less 或多或少,有點
next door 隔壁的,在隔壁
no doubt 無疑地
no less than 不少於...;不亞於...
no longer 不再
no more 不再
no more than 至多,同...一樣不
none other than 不是別的,正是
on one's guard 警惕,提防
nothing but 只有,只不過
now and then 時而,偶爾
off and on 斷斷續續,間歇地
off ty 下班
on a large/small scale 大/小規模地
on account of 由於
on(an/the) average 平均,通常
on behalf of 代表
on board 在船(車/飛機)上
on business 因公
on condition that 如果
on ty 上班,值班
on earth 究竟,到底
on fire 起火著火
on foot 步行,
on guard 站崗,值班
on hand 在場,在手邊
on occasion(s) 有時,間或
on one's own 獨立,獨自
on purpose 故意地
on sale 出售,廉價出售
on schele 按時間表,准時
on second thoughts 經重新考慮
on the contrary 正相反
on the grounds of 根據,以...為由
on (the) one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
on the point of 即將...的時刻
on the road 在旅途中
on the side 作為兼職/副 業
on the spot 在場;馬上
on the whole 總的來說,大體上
on time 准時
once again 再一次
once(and)for all 一勞永逸地
once in a while 偶爾
once more 再一次
once upon a time 從前
one another 相互
or else 否則,要不然
or so 大約,左右
other than 非;除了
out of 從...中;由於;缺乏
out of breath 喘不過氣來
out of control 失去控制
out of date 過時的
out of doors 在戶外
out of order 出故障的
out of place 不適當的
out of practice 久不練習,荒疏
out of sight 看不見,在視野外
out of the question 毫無可能的
out of touch 不聯系,不接觸
over and over(again) 一再地,再三地
prior at 在...之前
quite a few 相當多,不少
rather than 不是...(而是)
regardless of 不顧,不惜
right away 立即,馬上
side by side 肩並肩,一起
so far 迄今為止
sooner or later 遲早,早晚
step by step 逐步地
such as 例如,諸如
thanks to 由於,多虧
that is (to say) 就是說,即
to the point 切中要害,切題
under control 處於控制之下
under the circumstances 這種情況下
up to date 在進行中
up to 多達;直到;勝任;取決於
what if 切合目前情況的
what about 怎麼樣
with respect to 如果...將怎麼樣
with regard to 關於,至於
without question 關於,至於,
with the exception of 除...之外
without question 毫無疑問
word for word 逐字的
回答者： 264867 - 秀才 二級 3-24 19:23
a series of 一系列,一連串
above all 首先,尤其是
after all 畢竟,究竟
ahead of 在...之前
ahead of time 提前
all at once 突然,同時
all but 幾乎;除了...都
all of a sudden 突然
all over 遍及
其他的忘了
回答者： KITTY_WWY - 見習魔法師 二級 3-25 15:16
仁愛八年級英語下冊
Unit 5 Topic 1
How are you doing?=How are you?
你好嗎？
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
say thanks/hello/goodbye to sb.
對……說謝謝/你好/再見
look happy /tired看起來很開心/累
smiling faces 滿臉笑容
one of my favorite 我最喜愛的……之一
be /feel disappointed /proud/ lonely
感到失望/自豪/孤獨
a ticket to...一張…的票
wish to do sth.希望做某事
set a table for...為……擺放餐具
have a temperature=have a fever 發燒
be able to do sth. 能做某事
sound worried 聽起來焦急
ring up 打電話
care for= look after=take care of 照顧
become angry =be angry生氣
cheer up 使……振作/高興起來
at first 起初
play the role of 扮演……角色
be on 上演，放映
be with 在一起
on the night of 在……的夜晚
fall into 落入
in the end=at last 最後

go mad 發瘋
come into being 形成，誕生
be full of 充滿……
be popular with 受……喜愛
make peace 製造和平
end with 以…….結束
begin with以……開始
Topic 2
do badly/well in 在……方面差/好
have a talk with sb. = talk with sb.
與某人談話
be worried about 為……擔憂.
be strict with sb.…對某人嚴格要求 be strict about sth.…對某事嚴格要求
be patient with對……耐心
explain …to 向……解釋
over and over again 反復地，一再
be pleased with/ about / at sb.
對某人感到滿意
be bored with 對……感到討厭
be tired of 對……感到疲憊
be mad at對……感到氣憤
be glad about對……感到高興
be angry with sb. 因某人而生氣
be angry at / about sth. 因某事而生氣
be anxious about / at sth.對某事感到焦急
wait in line 「排隊等候」= wait in a queue
pass the exam 通過考試
get/ask/tell sb. to do sth
使(讓，叫)某人做某事;
let/ make/ have sb. do sth.
使(讓，叫)某人做某事
because of (doing) sth因為
at one』s age 在某人的年齡時
eat less high-energy food 少吃高能量的品
calm down 冷靜，鎮靜
have bad experiences 有不好的經歷
in one』s teens 在某人十幾歲時
happen to sb 發生在某人身上
It is said...據說
give sb a hand 幫助某人=do sb.a favor
get/be used to (doing)sth 習慣於做某事
be/make friends with 與……交朋友
join in 參加（活動）=take part in
fit in 被他人接受，相處融洽
give best wishes to sb.
向某人致以最美好的祝願
deal with處理，處置
all the time 一直
fail to pass an exam=fail an exam
考試不及格
refuse to do sth 拒絕做某事
argue with sb與某人爭吵
stop doing sth停止做某事
stop to do sth停下來去做某事
have a normal life過正常的生活
Topic3
sound terrible 聽起來可怕
let/ make/ have sb. do sth.
使(讓，叫)某人做某事
be sorry about 對……感到難過
過你的病
be afraid of (doing) sth / be afraid to do sth./ be afraid that……
害怕…… 擔心……
understand.你要是不懂，盡管來問
I』m afraid……恐怕……很遺憾……
get well 康復
be worried about 為……擔憂.
at the end of
在……最後，在……盡頭（末端）
the month.我很擔心月底的考試
make sb./sth. +形容詞/ 名詞「使…….」
Take it easy.= Don』t worry.
別緊張，別著急
take turns to do sth. 輪流做某事
help sb.with sth.幫助某人復習/學習…
learn by oneself =teach oneself 自學
What/How about (doing) sth.…怎麼樣
let sb.do sth.讓某人做某事
instead of (doing)sth.=in place of
代替(做)某事
take good care of yourself 好好照顧你自己
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
come back to返回……
advise sb.to do sth. 建議某人做某事 advice 是不可數名詞
a piece of advice 一個建議
be happy for…因……而開心
be bad/ good for對…有害\益
(be) in a good/bad mood
處在好/ 糟糕心情中
in good health 健康狀況良好
try to do sth. 設法做某事
smile at life 笑對生活
give a surprise to sb. =give sb. a surprise
給某人一個驚喜
put on 上演，放映
put on a short play上演一出短劇
at the English corner 英語角
prepare for 為…准備
calm down 鎮靜
on the way to+ 名詞；
on the way+副詞 在……路上
On the /his way to school. 在他上學的路上
take part in參加（活動）
give a speech=give speeches 做演講
in front of 在……前面
make sb. happy 使某人開心
make sb. feel sad使某人感到悲傷
on Mid-autumn Festival 在中秋節
the full moon 滿月
in the sky 在天空
get together with sb. 與某人聚在一起
feel lonely感到寂寞/孤獨
be full of 裝滿，充滿
fill…with…用把裝滿，
be filled with….被裝滿
change one』s feelings 改變某人的感受
fall asleep 入睡
some day 總有一天
affect one』s moods 影響某人情緒
have unhappy thoughts 產生不開心的戀頭
try out 試用，試驗 try on 試穿
be in a good mood 處在一個好心情中
take care of sb.=look after照顧某人
do in good spirits
處在良好的精神狀態中做某事
take time to do sth 花時間做某事
remember to do sth 記住去做某事 remember doing sth.記住做過某事
talk with sb. 與某人談話
tell sb. about sth. 告訴某人某事
get help from 從某人那得到幫助
make important decisions制定重要的決定
think over仔細考慮
get back to sth. 恢復到……
watch TV看電視
be late for (doing) sth. 做……遲了
get along / on (good)with 與……相處(好)
had better do sth.最好做……
had better not do sth. 最好不做……
decide to do sth. 決定做某事
Unit 6 Topic 1
去春/郊遊
go on a spring trip= go on a field trip
去什麼地方參觀/旅遊 go on a visit to sw.
泰山兩日游
go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai
做決定 make the decision
決定 decide on/upon sth.
到達那的最好方式
The best way to get there .
到達那的最佳時間
The best time to get there .
找出，查明 find out
一些信息 some information
乘……的費用
the cost to go by …=the cost by…
我想做…… I』d love to do…
問航空公司 ask the airline
打電話on the phone
帶回---到--- bring back…to…
北京火車站 Beijing Railway Station
我想做…… I』d like to do …I would like to do=I』d love to do…
訂票book tickets
為某人/某物訂房間
book a room for sb./sth.
硬卧 the hard sleeper
軟卧 the soft sleeper
預定 make a reservation
20張硬卧票 20 tickets for the hard sleeper = 20 hard sleeper train tickets
雙人間 a room with two single beds
單人間 a room with a single bed
一間標准房 a standard room
算出 work out
總價格 total cost / price
籌款 raise money
想出，產生，趕上 come up with
籌錢的途徑 the ways to raise money
想出（主意），找到答案 come up with
在中午 at noon
在校門口 at the school gate
許多名勝古
many interesting places=many places of interest
立刻 ， 馬上 right now=at once
期望做某事 look forward to (doing) sth

Topic 2
收到某人的來信 hear from
at the foot of--- 在---腳下
have a rest 休息
plan to do sth. 計劃做某事
look at 看一看， 瞧
look at the night scene 看夜景
have a wonderful / good/ nice/ great / time = enjoy oneself= have fun 玩得高興
get to =arrive in / at = reach 到達
last week 上星期
the sea of clouds 雲海
in the daytime = in the day 在白天
have a big dinner 吃大餐
a local restaurant 一家當地的餐館
places of interest 名勝古跡
收到某人的來信
receive one』s letter = hear from sb.
忙於做某事 be busy doing sth.
進行be on 我在度假I am on vacation.
的確，當然 You bet.=Yes , of course.
在40分之後 forty minutes later
after, in, later 在...之後
①in + 一段時間（用於一般將來時）
②after + 一段時間（用於一般過去時）
③after + 一點時間（常用於一般將來時）
④時間 + later
期望做某事 look forward to (doing) sth.
at the foot of--- 在---腳下
spread over 蔓延，拖延
40 km2=40 square kilometers
the beginning of ……的開端
on both sides of 在……的兩邊
in the old days 在過去， 在古代
start do sth. =begin to do sth 開始做某事
make sure 確信
by the way 順便問一下
two and a half hours 兩個半小時
tell sth. from sth. 辨別…. the peace of country 祥和
high prestige 崇高威望
to the east of …
在…的….面(指……范圍外)
in the east of
在….的….部(指……范圍內)
on the east of 在…的東面(指……接壤) two and a half hours 兩個半小時
arrive at /in = get to =reach 到達
the parking lot 停車場
look for 尋找
look for space to park bikes
尋找停車的空地
be surprised at 對……感到驚奇
take out 拿出
take pictures/ phones照相
in different directions 以不同方向
step on 踏， 踩
rush out of 沖出
out of sight 看不見， 在視野之外
so …that+句子
如此……以致……（引導結果狀語從句）
so that 以便， 為了（引導目的狀語從句）
not…until…
直到……才……（引導時間狀語從句）
each other 互相
as soon as
一…….就……（引導時間狀語從句）
be famous for 以……著名
can』t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
write to sb.寫信給某人
be satisfied with 對……感到滿意
e-mail sb. 發郵件給某人
pay attention to 注意
get off 下（車，馬等）
get on 上（車，馬等）
stand for 象徵
the peace of the country 祥和
have lunch / breakfast / supper
吃午飯/早飯/晚飯
shout at 對……喊
have fun doing sth. 高興做某事
look for 尋找
here and there 到處
ask sb. for help 尋求某人的幫助
Thank goodness! 謝天謝地

㈡ 八下英語外研版復習資料

疑問句型
What is this?
結構∶問句：What＋be 動詞＋this（that…）？
答句：This（that…）＋be 動詞＋a book（pen…）。
說明∶此句型意為「這（那）是什麼？這（那）是書（鋼筆…）」。what（什麼）叫做「疑問詞」，用於詢問「事物」，通常放在句首，後接 be <動詞>，再接<主詞>，第一個字母 w要大寫，句尾要加問號(?)，位置不可排錯。
What is this? This is a chair. 這是什麼？這是一張椅子。
What』s this? It』s a book. 這是什麼？它是一本書。
What is that? That is a desk. 那是什麼？那是一張書桌。
What are these?
結構∶問句：What are＋these／those…？
答句：These／Those are＋復數名詞（＋s／es）。
說明∶<主詞>與<動詞>的形式要一致，is 後面接單數<名詞>，are 後面要接復數<名詞>。
What are these? These are books. 這些是什麼？這些是書。
What are those? Those are cups. 那些是什麼？那些是茶杯。
What are they? They are glasses. 它們是什麼？它們是玻璃杯。
What are you?
結構∶問句：What＋be 動詞＋主詞（人）…？
答句：主詞＋be 動詞＋a student…。
說明∶此句型意為「你是做什麼事情的？我是學生…」。疑問詞 what 除了詢問事物之外，還可用於詢問「人的職業或身分」。be <動詞>隨<人稱代名詞>的變化而改變形態，如：I am，we are，you are，he is…。
What are you? I am a student. 你是做什麼事情的？我是一名學生。
What is she? She is a teacher. 她是做什麼事情的？她是一名教師。
Are you a ...?
結構∶問句：Be 動詞（am，are，is）＋主詞＋…？
肯定簡答：Yes，主詞＋am（are，is）。
否定簡答：No，主詞＋am（are，is）not。
說明∶在否定<簡答句>中，<主詞>和 am，is，are 可以縮寫；在肯定<簡答句>中則不可。
Is he a student? Yes, he is. (No, he isn』t.) 他是學生嗎？是的，他是。（不，他不是。）
Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. (No, I』m not.) 你是教師嗎？是的，我是。（不，我不是。）
Is that a clock? Yes, it is. (No, it isn』t.) 那是鍾表嗎？是的，它是。（不，它不是。）
What is your name?
結構∶問句：What＋is＋所有格＋name?
答句：所有格＋name＋is＋名字。
說明∶「my，your，his，her」為單數人稱的<所有格>；<所有格>後面必接<名詞>，即「<所有格>＋<名詞>」；<所有格>不可與 a，an，this，that，these 或 those 緊接一起使用。
What is your name? My name is Sue. 你叫什麼名字？我的名字叫蘇。
What is his name? His name is John. 他叫什麼名字？他的名字叫約翰。
What is her name? Her name is Jean. 她叫什麼名字？她的名字叫珍。
Who is that ...?
結構∶問句：Who＋be 動詞＋that＋形容詞＋名詞？
答句：That is＋名字。
說明∶Who 是<疑問代名詞>，詢問人的「姓名」或「關系」；將<形容詞>直接放在<名詞>前面，叫做「前位修飾」。
Who is that short boy? That is Bill. 那位矮男孩是誰？那位是比爾。
Who is that tall girl? That is Mary. 那位高女孩是誰？那位是瑪麗。
Who is that fat man? He is my uncle. 那位胖男子是誰？那位是我叔叔。
Where is ...?
結構∶問句：Where＋be 動詞（am，are，is）＋主詞…？
答句：主詞＋be 動詞＋in the＋名詞…。
說明∶問句是「Where ...?」，簡答時可用<副詞片語>「In／On the＋<名詞>」。
Where is Sue? She is in her room. 蘇在那裡？她在她的房間里。
Where are your books? On the desk. 你的書在那裡？在書桌上。
Where is your mother? She is in the kitchen. 你媽嗎在哪裡？她在廚房裡。
Are you V-ing ...?
結構∶Am（Are，Is）＋主詞＋現在分詞…？
說明∶此句型意為「<主詞>（人，物）正在…嗎？」。這一<句型>轉換的三要素是：be <動詞>移到句首；改為大寫；句尾用問號。
Is Mary sleeping? 瑪麗正在睡覺嗎？
Are you reading a book? 你正在看書嗎？
Is the dog playing? 小狗正在玩耍嗎？
What are you doing?
結構∶問句：What＋am（are，is）＋主詞＋現在分詞？
答句：主詞＋am（are，is）＋現在分詞…。
說明∶「<主詞>（人）正在做什麼？<主詞>（人）正在…」。注意：<祈使句>的動詞只能用原形，不可造<現在進行式>；表示「瞬間產生」的動作的<動詞片語>，如 sit down，stand up，不可造<現在進行式>。
What am I doing? You are reading a book. 我正在做什麼？ 你正在閱讀一本書。
What are the girls doing? They are singing. 姑娘們正在做什麼？ 她們在唱歌。
What is Bill writing? He is writing a letter. 比爾在寫什麼？ 他在寫一封信。
How old are you?
結構∶問句：How old＋be 動詞＋主詞（某人）？
答句：主詞（某人）＋be 動詞＋year(s) old。
說明∶此句型意為「某人幾歲？某人是…歲」。該句型中，<疑問詞>要用 how，不可用 what；且 be <動詞>（am，is，are）要和後面的<主詞>(某人)配合；答句中的「year(s) old」可以省略。
How old are you? I am twelve (years old). 你幾歲？我十二歲。
How old is your sister? She is thirteen years old. 你的姊妹幾歲？她十三歲。
How old is John? He is one year old. 約翰幾歲？他一歲。
What time is it?
結構∶問句：What time is it？
答句：It is＋數字＋o』clock。
說明∶此句型意為「現在是幾點鍾？現在是…點鍾」。問句中 what 當<形容詞>，修飾後面的<名詞> time；time 當時間解時，只能用單數，不可用復數。
What time is it? It is ten o』clock. 現在是幾點鍾？現在是十點鍾。
What time is it? It is six o』clock. 現在是幾點鍾？現在是六點鍾。
What time is it? It is nine o』clock. 現在是幾點鍾？現在是九點鍾。
Do you + V ...?
結構∶問句：Do／Does＋主詞＋原形動詞…？
肯定簡答：Yes，主詞＋do／does。
否定簡答：No，主詞＋don』t／doesn』t。
說明∶肯定句中，如有一般<動詞>（speak，work，teach…），則在句首加<助動詞> do 或 does，並將一般<動詞>改為原形<動詞>（不加s或es），即構成<疑問句>。
Do you speak English? Yes, I do. (No, I don』t.)
你講英語嗎？是的，我講英語。（不，我不講英語。）
Does she have a cat? Yes, she does. (No, she doesn』t.)
她有一隻貓嗎？是的，她有一隻貓。（不，她沒有一隻貓。）
Do they work in office? Yes, they do. (No, they don』t.)
他們在辦公室里工作嗎？是的，他們在辦公室里工作。（不，他們不在辦公室里工作。）
What time do you + V ...?
結構∶問句：What time＋do／does＋主詞＋原形動詞…？
答句：主詞（某人）＋一般動詞…＋時間。
說明∶此句型意為「某人幾點做某事？」<助動詞> do 或 does 的選擇依<主詞>而定，若<主詞>為第三人稱單數，用 does；其它用 do。
What time do you get up? I usually get up at six. 你幾點起床？我通常六點起床。
What time does he go to bed? He usually goes to bed at ten.他幾點就寢？他通常十點就寢。
What time does your class begin? It begins at eight-ten.
你的課幾點開始？八點十分開始。
What day is today?
結構∶問句：What day is today？
答句：It』s＋Sunday／Monday／…。
說明∶此句型意為「今天是星期幾？今天是星期日／星期一／…。」it 可用於指「星期的名稱」，但 this或 that 不可以；一星期七天的名稱，都是<專有名詞>，開頭的首字母要大寫，前面不加<冠詞>。
What day is today? It』s Sunday. 今天是星期幾？今天是星期日。
What day is today? It』s Wednesday. 今天是星期幾？今天是星期三。
What day is today? It』s Saturday. 今天是星期幾？今天是星期六。
How many N are there ...
結構∶問句：How many＋復數名詞＋are there in／on＋名詞？
答句：There is／are＋單數（復數）名詞＋in／on＋名詞。
說明∶此句型意為「在某處有多少…？在某處有…。」該句型中，many 修飾復數<名詞>；又因本句型是 <疑問句>，故用 are there，不可用 there are。
How many seasons are there in a year? There are four seasons in a year.
一年有幾個季節？ 一年有四季。
How many days are there in a week? There are seven days in a week.
一星期有幾天？ 一星期有七天。
How many lessons are there in this book? There are twelve lessons in this book.
這本書里有幾課？ 這本書里有十二課。
How many ... do you have?
結構∶問句：How many＋復數名詞＋do／does＋主詞＋have？
答句：主詞＋have／has…＋復數名詞＋…。
答句：主詞＋don』t／doesn』t have…＋復數名詞…。
說明∶「How many」後面接復數<可數名詞>，復數<名詞>的前面可用 many，a lot of，a few，some，few，any，no 等修飾。
How many books do you have? I have a lot of books. (I don』t have any books.)
你有幾本書？ 我有許多書。（我沒有書。）
How many sweaters do you have? I have three sweaters. (I don』t have any sweaters.)
你有幾件毛衣？ 我有三件毛衣。（我沒有毛衣。）
How many friends does she have? She has a lot of friends. (She doesn』t have many friends.)
她有幾個朋友？ 她有許多朋友。（她沒有許多朋友。）
How much ... do you have?
結構∶問句：How much＋單數不可數名詞＋do／does＋主詞＋have？
答句：主詞＋have／has…＋單數不可數名詞。
答句：主詞＋don』t／doesn』t have…＋單數不可數名詞。
說明∶「How much」後面接單數<不可數名詞>，單數<不可數名詞>前面可用 much， a little，some，little，any，no 等修飾。
How much tea does he have? He has a lot of tea. (He doesn』t have any tea.)
他有多少茶？ 他有很多茶。（他沒有茶。）
How much homework do they have? They have a lot of homework. (They don』t have much homework.) 他們有多少家庭作業？ 他們有許多家庭作業。（他們沒有許多家庭作業。）
How much fruit do they have? They have a lot of fruit. (They don』t have a lot of fruit.)
他們有多少水果？ 他們有許多水果。（他們沒有許多水果。）
How much do(es) ... cost?
結構∶How much do（es）＋某物＋cost…？
說明∶此句型意為「某物值多少錢？」。how much 用來詢問商品的價格。還可以寫作：「How much＋ be <動詞>＋某物？"。
How much does this computer cost? (=How much is this computer?)這部電腦值多少錢？
How much do the vegetables cost? 這些蔬菜值多少錢？
How much do the movie tickets cost? 這些電影票值多少錢？
Did ... V ...
結構∶Did＋主詞＋原形動詞＋…過去時間？
說明∶將肯定句中的過去式改為「Did＋原形<動詞>」，並將 Did 放在句首，句尾用問號，即構成過去式的<疑問句>。
Did he clean the room yesterday? 他昨天打掃房間嗎？
Did she wash the skirt yesterday? 她昨天洗這裙子嗎？
Did your brother play in the park this morning? 你弟弟今天上午在公園玩耍嗎？
Did he eat lunch yesterday? 他昨天吃午飯嗎？
Did you see any elephants in the zoo last week? 上星期你在動物園里看到大象了嗎？
Did Sue have her breakfast at eight? 蘇在八點鍾吃過早餐了嗎？
Do you ever + V ...?
結構∶問句：Do／Does＋主詞＋ever＋原形動詞…？
答句：No，主詞＋never＋一般動詞（加s或es）…。
說明∶ever 通常用於<疑問句>，never 通常用於否定回答；never 也可放在句首，後接原形 <動詞>，形成否定<祈使句>，如例句4。
Do you ever use a computer? No, I never use a computer.
你曾經使用電腦嗎？不，我未曾使用過電腦。
Does Tom ever get up late? No, Tom never gets up late.
湯姆曾經晚起床嗎？不，湯姆未曾晚起床過。
Does Sally ever play the piano? No, Sally never plays the piano.
薩莉曾經彈鋼琴嗎？不，薩莉未曾彈過鋼琴。
Never be late for school, Bill. 比爾，上學絕不可遲到。
What year was he born in?
結構∶What date／year＋was／were＋主詞＋born＋on／in？
說明∶此句型意為「你出生於幾月幾日（那一年）？」。born 是<原形動詞> bear 的過去<分詞>，在文法上當 <形容詞>，前面常有 was 或 were；中文說「某人出生」，英語應說：「某人＋was／were born…」。
What year were you born in? 你出生於那一年？
What date was your mother born on? 你母親出生於幾月幾日？
What month was your sister born in? 你妹妹出生於幾月？
What will you do on ...?
結構∶What will／did＋主詞＋do＋on＋時間？
說明∶此句型意為「某人在某時間將做什麼？（未來式）某人在某時做了什麼事？（過去式）」。指特定的日期（如幾月幾日）、星期幾或星期幾的早上（下午，晚上），要用介系詞on。
What will you do on Teacher』s Day? 你在教師節將做什麼事？
What will they do on Christmas Eve? 他們在聖誕夜將做什麼事？
What will Helen do on her birthday? 海倫在她生日那天將做什麼事？
What did John do on New Year』s Day? 約翰在元旦做了什麼事？
What did Mary do on Youth Day? 瑪麗在青年節做了什麼事？
What did the suspect do on July ninth? 嫌疑犯在七月九日做了什麼事情？
How do you + V ...?
結構∶問句：How＋do＋主詞＋一般動詞…？
答句：主詞＋一般動詞…＋情狀副詞。
說明∶How 是問情況的<疑問副詞>，表示「怎樣…？」。用於說明「狀態或性質」的副詞，稱為 <情狀副詞>。當用來修飾<不及物動詞>時，<情狀副詞>位於其後；當用來修飾<及物動詞>時，<情狀動詞>位於<及物動詞>的前面或後面。
How did you do your work? I did my work happily.
你怎樣做你的工作？ 我很快樂地做了我的工作。
How did Mrs. Lin look at Mr. Lin? She looked at Mr. Lin coldly.
林太太怎樣注視林先生？ 她冷漠地注視林先生。
How does Mr. Wang drive his taxi? He drives his taxi carefully.
王先生怎樣駕駛他的計程車？ 他小心地駕駛他的計程車。
You are ..., aren』t you?
結構∶肯定句，＋否定式助動詞＋主詞？
說明∶這是一種反意<疑問句>，其結構特點是：第一部分是肯定式，第二部分就用否定式。直述句的<主詞>是<名詞>時，附加問句的<主詞>要用<代名詞>代替：it 代替 this， that，<不定詞>(當<主詞>)或<動名詞>(當<主詞>)等；they 代替 these，those， people 等。下列<助動詞>的否定縮寫式較易弄錯：will not－>won』t；would not－> wouldn』t；should not－>shouldn』t；can not－>can』t；could not－>couldn』t； might not－>mightn』t；ought not－>oughtn』t。直述句有一般<動詞>現在式，則附加問句用 do 或 does 代替；有一般<動詞>過去式，則附加問句用 did 代替。
They』re ready, aren』t they?（讀降調）他們准備好了吧？（讀升調）他們准備好了，不是嗎？
Mike has a car, doesn』t he?（讀降調）麥克有輛車，是吧？（讀升調）麥克有輛車，不是嗎？
The secretary typed the letter, didn』t she? 是秘書打了這封信，不是嗎？
They will go to Europe, won』t they? 他們將去歐洲，不是嗎？
You are the teacher, aren』t you? 你就是老師，不是嗎？
I suppose you have been in our woods, haven』t you?我推想你在我們的森林裡呆過，不是嗎？
I know he had a good time last night, didn』t he? 我知道他昨天晚上玩得很愉快，不是嗎？
The wall plug is broken, isn』t it? 牆上的插座壞了，不是嗎？
Clean parks are beautiful, aren』t they? 干凈的公園是美麗的，不是嗎？
You can do it, can』t you? 你會做它，不是嗎？
We should rise early, shouldn』t we? 我們應該早起，不是嗎？
He isn』t ..., is he?
結構∶否定句，＋肯定式助動詞＋主詞？
說明∶這是另一種反意<疑問句>。否定結構在第一部分，第二部分就要用肯定結構。對反意<疑問句>的回答和對否定式一般<疑問句>一樣，要看答句。
He isn』t a manager, is he? －- Yes, he is. (No, he isn』t.)
他不是經理，是吧？－－不，他是經理。（是的，他不是經理。）
Mike doesn』t have a car, does he? 麥克沒有車，是嗎？
The secretary didn』t type the letter, did she? 秘書沒有打過這封信，是嗎？
They won』t go to Europe, will they? 他們不會去歐洲，是嗎？
You aren』t the teacher, are you? 你不是老師，是嗎？
I don』t think he can answer the question, can he? 我想他無法回答這個問題，是嗎？
What in the world ...?
結構∶疑問詞＋in the world／on earth／ever＋其他
說明∶此句型意為「究竟…？到底…？」。這是特殊<疑問句>的強調說法。in the world，on earth 和 ever是強調疑問詞的<片語>。
How in the world will he do it? 他到底將如何做這件事？
What in the world do you mean? 你的意思究竟是什麼？
How on earth did you know it? 你到底是怎麼知道的？
Who on earth told you that? 那件事究竟是誰告訴你的？
Where ever did you lose it? 你到底在哪兒丟的呀？
What in the world are they hoping for? 他們到底想要什麼？
Are you ... or ...?
結構∶一般疑問句（讀升調）＋or＋一般疑問句（讀降調）
說明∶此句型意為「是…還是…？"。這是選擇<疑問句>，前面都是一般<疑問句>，後面的問句如與前面有相同的部分，都可以省略。

㈢ 初中外研版英語復習提綱

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牛津初中英語7BUnit4片語、句型及語法復習提綱.doc

牛津初中英語7BUnit4片語、句型及語法復習提綱.doc英語語法基本句型，初中英語語法句型牛津初中英語7BUnit4片語、句型及語法復習提綱.doc

初中英語7BUnit2片語、句型及語法復習提綱(67.5K).doc

...... Unit 2片語、句型及語法復習提綱一、片語或短語序號 Chinese English 1 歡迎來到陽光鎮 Welcome to sunshine town 2 一聽狗食 A tin of dog food 3 我餓了 I ...英語語法 句型，語文語法句型...... Unit 2片語、句型及語法復習提綱一、片語或短語序號 Chinese English 1 歡迎來到陽光鎮 Welcome to sunshine town 2 一聽狗食 A tin of dog food 3 我餓了 I ...

詳見：http://hi..com/knowshe/blog/item/f148b19208b9a90cd31b706f.html

㈣ 八年級下冊英語復習資料（語法和重點短語，少點）

八年級下冊重點語法和短語
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
重點語法：一般將來時態的應用
do/does 的一般將來時態形式：(shall/will) do
do/does 的一般將來時態的被動語態：(shall/will) be done
一般將來時態的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：
肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.
否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.
一般疑問句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?
特殊疑問句例句：What will people have in a few years?
重點短語：won't = will not
they'll = they will
she'll = she will
he'll = he will
I'll = I will
fall in love with(sb./sth.) 愛上（某人/某物）
be able to do sth. 能夠做某事
come true 實現
in the future 未來
hundreds of 數以百計的
thousands of 數以千計的
look for(sb./sth.) 尋找（某人/某物）
will → would 情態動詞 will 的原形和過去式
may → might 情態動詞 may 的原形和過去式

Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)
Look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. (看著標題和圖片，預知你要閱讀那些方面的內容。)This helps you get ready to acquire new information. (這樣可以幫助你獲得一些新的信息。)

Unit 2 What should I do?
重點語法：過去將來時態（將來時態的委婉說法）
do/does 的過去將來時態形式：(should/would) do
do/does 的過去將來時態的被動語態：(should/would) be done
過去將來時態的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：
肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.
否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.
一般疑問句例句：Should I write a letter to him?
特殊疑問句例句：What should I do?
重點短語：keep sb. out 不讓某人進入
What's wrong? = What's the matter? = What's the problem? 怎麼了？
out of style 不時髦的；過時的
call sb. up 給某人打電話
pay for sth. 為某事付款
part-time job 兼職工作
the same as = be same (to/with) 與……同樣
in style 時髦的；流行的
get on [well] with sb. = get along [well] with sb. 與某人相處（好）
didn't = did not
couldn't = could not
as ... as possible 盡可能……(eg/ as soon as possible 盡快)
all kinds of 各種；許多
on the one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 請求某人做某事
ask sb. not to do sth. 請求某人不要做某事
spend (money) on sth. = spend (money) [in] doing sth. 花錢做某事
sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花錢為了某事
take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人時間做某事
find out 查明
find sb. doing sth. 發現某人做某事
be angry with sb. 生某人的氣
be angry at sth. 生某事的氣
the same age as = as old as 與某人年齡一樣
have fight with sb. 與某人打架
learn to do sth. 學會做某事
not ... until ... 直到……才……
compare sth.(A) with sth.(B) 把某事(A)與某事(B)作比較
it's time for sth. = it's time to do sth. 到該做某事的時間了
maybe adv. 或許
may be （情態動詞 + 動詞原形）可能是
shall → should 情態動詞 shall 的原形和過去式
pay → paid → paid 動詞 pay 的原形、過去式和過去分詞

Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)
You will learn to use new words better if you use a learner's dictionary. (時刻學著應用新單詞來學習比時刻使用字典這種途徑方法更好。)A bilingual dictionary sometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you want. (在某些你需要的場合下，一本雙語字典有時會給你錯誤的解釋。)

Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
重點語法：過去進行時態
do/does 的過去進行時態形式：(was/were) doing
do/does 的過去進行時態的被動語態：(was/were) being done
過去將來時態的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式：
肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.
否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.
一般疑問句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑問句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?

動詞 when 和 while 的選擇：when 後加瞬間動詞，while 後加延續性動詞。
例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.
=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.

感嘆句
結構：(1) How + adj. + the + 主語 + 謂語動詞
=(2) What + (a/an) + [adj.] + n. + 主語 + 謂語動詞
例句：What a beautiful flower [it is]!
=How beautiful the flower is!
What beautiful flowers [they are]!
=How beautiful the flowers are!

重點短語：get out 出去；離開
take off 起飛
run away 逃跑；跑掉
come in 進來
hear about = hear of 聽說
take place 發生
as ... as 像……一樣(eg/ as old as him 像他一樣老)
anywhere = everywhere = here and there 任何地方
think about 考慮
think of 認為
get up = get out of the bed 起床
at the doctor's 在診所
every day 每一天
everyday adj. 日常的
most adj. 大部分
the most 最多的
in space 在太空中
national hero 民族英雄
all over the world = in the world 全世界

Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)
The title can be helpful for you to understand a text. (一篇文章的標題可以幫助你理解整篇文章。)It's also a good idea to read the first sentence of each paragraph before you read. (在閱讀整篇文章之前，閱讀每段的第一句話也是一個很有效的方法。)

Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.
重點語法：賓語從句
結構：主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語從句(主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語/表語)
例句：----I'm good at English. He says. (改為加賓語從句的復合句)
----He says I'm good at English.
注意：①主句是一般現在時態，賓語從句的時態不受其影響。
例句：He says I'm good at English now.
He says I was good at mathematics when I was young.
②主句是過去時態，賓語從句也要用過去時態。
例句：He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday.
He said I was good at English now yesterday.
③賓語從句是客觀真理時永遠用一般現在時態。
例句：Our teacher says 24 hours make a day.
Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday.
④動詞原形不能作主語，必須用其 -ing 形式。
例句：She said helping others changed her life.
重點短語：direct speech 直接引語
reported speech = indirect speech 間接引語
first of all = at first 首先
pass on 傳遞
be supposed to do sth. 應該做某事
be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好
in good health 身體健康
get over 克服
open up 打開
care for = take care of = look after 照料；照顧
not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再
have a cold 感冒
end-of-year exam 年終考試
get nervous 變得緊張
forget to do sth. 忘記做某事（該事未做）
forget doing sth. 忘記做某事（該事已做）
it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[對某人來說]……（加形容詞）
context 上下文

Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)
First read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思，不在於文段的細節部分。)You can understand the meaning of a word you don't know from the context. (至於不懂的單詞，你可以通過上下文來尋找它的正確釋義。)

Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time!
重點語法：if 引導的條件狀語從句
結構：主句 + if + 條件狀語從句
if + 條件狀語從句 + [(comma)] + 主句
注意：在 if 引導的條件狀語從句中，主句應用將來時態，狀語從句用一般現在時態。
例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.
=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
重點短語：take away 拿走
around the world = all over the world 在世界各地
make a living 謀生
all the time = always 一直
What's the problem? = What's the matter? = What's wrong? 怎麼了？
in order to do sth. 為了做某事
make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事（to 省略，該結構是一個不帶 to 的不定式。）
make sb. adj. 使得某人……（加形容詞）
make sb. done 使得某人被做
be famous for 為……而出名
be famous as 作為……而出名
in class 在課堂上
spend ...(time/money) on sth. = spend ...(time/money) in doing sth. 花……（時間/錢）用於做某事
see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事（強調整個過程）
see sb. doing sth. 看見某人做某事（強調偶然性）
say → said → said 動詞 say 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
tell → told → told 動詞 tell 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
eat → ate → eaten 動詞 eat 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
speak → spoke → spoken 動詞 speak 的原形、過去式和過去分詞

Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
重點語法：現在完成進行時態
do/does 的現在完成進行時態形式：have/has been doing
do/does 的現在完成進行時態的被動語態：have/has been being done
現在完成進行時態所應用的場合：
①某事從過去發生一直持續到現在都在做
②過去發生的動作對現在造成影響
例：我已上了三年初中。
I have been in Junior School for 3 years.
自從那次他與我談過心後，我天天都在進步。
I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.
現在完成進行時態的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式：
肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.
否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.
一般疑問句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?
特殊疑問句例句：How long have you been skating?
注意：瞬間動詞不能和一段時間連用。
例句：你借這本書已經多長時間了？
How long have you been keeping this book?
重點短語：run out of 用完；用盡
by the way 順便說說
be interested in doing sth. 對某事感興趣
more than 比……多
far away 在遠處
would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物贈送給某人
in fact 實際上
room 房間（用於可數名詞）；空間（用於不可數名詞）
common → more common → the most common 形容詞 common 的原級、比較級和最高級

Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)
Let your eyes "scan" the text quickly to find details that you're looking for. (在閱讀文章之前，用眼睛「橫掃」整篇文章，快速尋找你需要的文章要點。)You can find information quickly without reading the whole text. (這樣你就不用細讀整篇文章，就能尋找到你需要的一些信息。)

Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?
重點語法：mind [one's] doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事
重點短語：not at all 一點也不
turn down 調節使音量變小
right away = in a minute = at once 立刻；馬上
wait in line 排隊等候
cut in line 插隊等候
hasn't = has not
keep ... down 壓低聲音；使緩和
at first = first of all 首先
take care 當心；小心
take care of = care about = look after 關心；照顧
break the rule 違規
obey the rule 遵守規定
put out 熄滅
pick sth. up 撿起某物
wait for sb. 等候某人
depend on 依賴；依靠
get back = return 要回
mean → meant → meant 動詞 mean 的原形、過去式和過去分詞

Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)
As we read, we need to find "topic sentences".(在我們閱讀的時候，我們需要尋找「主題語句」，也就是和文章中心最相關的語句。) These sentences usually gives us a "summary", or overall meaning of each paragraph and help us understand what the paragraph is about.(這些語句通常會給我們一些文章的「概要」，或者每個文段的全部意思，來幫助我們理解段落大意。) After the topic sentence comes more detail and explanation.(當「主題語句」出現後，該段的一些解釋和細節也就會隨之出現。)

Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf?
重點語法：詢問別人為什麼要做或者不做某事
why don't you do sth. = why not do sth.
例句：Why don't you get her a camera? = Why not get her a camera?
what about = how about
例句：How about some tennis balls? = What about some tennis balls?
重點短語：fall asleep 入睡
give away 贈送；分發
hear of = hear about 聽說
take an interest in = be interested in 對……感興趣
make friends with 與……交友
make progress 取得進步
keep → kept → kept 動詞 keep 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
feed → fed → fed 動詞 feed 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
fall → fell → fallen 動詞 fall 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
hear → heard → heard 動詞 hear 的原形、過去式和過去分詞

Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)
To understand the important ideas from the text, we must "summarize".(為了了解文段最主要的意圖，我們必須要進行總結。) Do this by answering "who, what, where, why" questions as you read.(在閱讀時，常注意回答時間、地點、人物這些基本要素問題，達到總結的目的。)

Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement?
重點語法：現在完成時態
do/does 的現在完成時態形式：(have/has) done
do/does 的現在完成時態的被動語態：(have/has) been done
現在完成時態主要強調過去發生的事情對現在的影響。
例句：我去年去過美國，那是我第一次出國。
I have ever been to America. It's the first time for me to go abroad.
重點短語：have a great time = have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高興
on board 在船上
end up doing sth. 結束做某事
all year round = all over the year 終年
understand → understood → understood 動詞 understand 的原形、過去式和過去分詞

Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)
After reading, write down three or more things you have learned. (在閱讀整篇文章之後，把你學到的三樣或更多事物寫下來。)We always remember things better if we take time to reflect. (如果我們花時間去思考一些問題的話，那麼我們就能更容易地記住一些事情。)

Unit 10 It's a nice day, isn't it?
重點語法：反意疑問句
反意疑問句由肯定陳述句加否定問句構成，或者由否定陳述句加肯定問句構成。
例句：He's a student, isn't he?
She's not his mother, is she?
回答反意疑問句時，要根據事實來回答。若事實是肯定的，則必須用 yes 回答。若事實是否定的，則必須用 no 回答。
例句：你還沒有準備好，對吧？
You're not ready, are you?
是的，我沒有準備好。
No, I'm not.
不，我准備好了。
Yes, I am.

重點短語：look through 瀏覽
come along 出現；發生
get along 相處
at least 至少
at most 至多
a thank-you note 感謝信
forget → forgot → forgotten 動詞 forget 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
little → less → least 形容詞 little 的原級、比較級和最高級
many/much → more → most 形容詞 many/much 的原級、比較級和最高級

㈤ 初中八年級外研版英語第2~第3的重點語法知識``詳細的求大神幫助

leave sb by oneself 獨自留下某人 needn't=don't have to 不需 it's+形容詞+to do sth make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 let sb do sth 讓某人做某事 enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩得開心 tell sb (not)to do sth 告訴某人做某事 ask sb (not)to do sth 詢問某人做某事 be(not)+形容詞+enouth+to do sth be+too+形容詞+to do sth take care of=look after 照顧 each+of 固定搭配 as soon as 一……就 want,agree,ask,begin,decided,listen,hope,learn 以上詞語後跟to do sth finish,enjoy,keep,mind,miss,practise 以上詞語後跟doing sth stop,forget,remember 以上詞語後可跟to do sth也可跟doing sth。比如「forget to do sth」意思是「忘記去做某事（表示事情還沒做）」，「forget doing sth」則表示「忘了做過某事（表示事情已經做了）」，如此類推，其餘兩個用法相同。 see sb doing sth 看見某人正在做某事 see sb do sth 看見過某人做某事 make it+形容詞+to do sth enjoy/help/teach+oneself 靠自己 reach=get to=arrive in/at 註：arrive in表示到達較大的地方，比如一個國家，一座城市等；arrive at表示到達較小的地方，如學校，電影院等。 have been to 曾經去過某地（現在已經回來了） have been in 一直在某地（現在仍在某地） have gone to 去了某地（現在正在去的途中，還沒回來） 現在完成時：have(has)+動詞過去分詞 look forword to+動詞ing diveded into 把……分成 a little=a bit of 一點點 too……to+動詞原形 現在完成時的動詞短語變化： began→be on come/arrive→be here go/leave→be away buy→have die→be dead borrow→keep join→be a member(in) in+一段時間 表示將來 將來時表達形式：be going to do sth=will do sth=be doing sth do one's best = try one's best 盡力去做某事 afraid to +動詞 afraid of +名詞 use to do sth 過去常做某事 didn't use to do = usen't to do 過去不做某事 no longer = not any longer 現在不做某事 fill with = be full of 裝滿 go to bed 上床去睡覺 go to sleep 入睡 fall asleep 從上床到入睡的全過程（動態） be asleep 睡著（靜態） on+具體某天的早上/下午/晚上 make out of 用……做出 a bit + 形容詞 a bit of + 名詞 a few （用於可數名詞肯定句） few （用於可數名詞否定句） a little （用於不可數名詞肯定句） little （用於不可數名詞否定句） many （用於可數名詞） much （用於不可數名詞） bit （可數與不可數兩者均可） one 一個 ones 復數 another 另外一個 the other 兩個裡面剩下的一個，表單數 others （除了一部分）其中的一部分 the others 剩下所有的，表復數 other+名詞 fall asleep = stay awake 熬夜 did(not)……until 知道……才（不）做 常用句型： both...and 兩者都 neither...nor 兩者都不 either...or 不是……就是，表示兩者選擇其中一者

㈥ 八年級英語下冊短語知識點集外研版第一單元測試題 在線等~~~~~

Unit 1 Will people have robots?
1. in the future 在將來
2. live to (be) … years old 活到……歲
3. in 100 years 一百年後
4. free time 空閑時間
5. talk about 談論，談及，談到
6. high school 高中
7. computer programmer 電腦程序員
8. space station 太空站
9. fall in love with… 愛上……
10. go skating 去滑冰
11. be able to 能，會
12. on vacation 度假
13. the World Cup 世界盃
14. keep a pet pig 飼養一頭寵物豬
15. job interview 工作面試
16. fly to 飛往
17. come true 實現，成為現實
18. see sb. do sth. 看見某人做了某事
19. one』s own … 某人自己的……
20. science fiction movies 科幻影片
21. help (sb.) with sth. 幫助（某人）做某事
22. hundreds of 數百，成百上千的
23. the same as 和……相同
24. wake up 醒來；喚醒
25. talk to/with 和……交談
26. try to do sth. 試圖做某事，盡力做某事
27. get bored 變得厭倦
28. over and over (again) 一次又一次，再三地

㈦ 外研版八年級下英語語法

Unit6 Fun Cycling
Topic1 We』re going on a spring field trip
一. 重點詞彙
( 一 ) 詞形轉換:
1.discuss(名詞) discussion 2.queen(對應詞) king
3.comfortable(名詞) comfort 4.safely (形容詞) safe (名詞) safety
( 二 ) 詞的辨析
1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on
3. other /else 4. raise /rise
5.each /every 6.exciting / excited
(三)重點片語:
1.go on a visit to 去……旅行
2. make the decision 做決定
3.bring back 帶回
4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行
5.decide on (upon) sth 對某事做出決定
6 see the sunrise 看日出
7. make a reservation 預訂
8. come up with 想出（主意）
9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望
10. pay for 支付；賠償
11. raise money 籌錢
12. book a ticket 訂票
13. make a room for sb 為……訂房間
14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快
15. in the daytime 在白天
16. a two-day visit 為期兩天的旅行
17.find out 查出
18. some places of interest 名勝
19. rooms with bathtub 帶浴室的房間
20．a hard (soft) sleeper 硬（軟）卧
21.my pleasure 不客氣
二．重點句型及重點語言點
1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激動人心的消息要告訴你們。
to tell you 是動詞不定式短語， 作定語。動詞不定式作定語時常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之後。如： I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.
2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 聽起來不錯。
3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我們將要去泰山玩兩天。
go on a visit to 去參觀/旅遊 They went to a visit to Egypt last year.
類似有：go on a trip / go on a picnic
a two-day visit 為期兩天的旅行 a two-month holiday 兩個月的假期
an eighteen-year-old boy 一個18歲的男孩
4．It』s hard to say. 這很難說。To say 是動詞不定式作主語，It 是形式主語。
如： It』s nice to meet you.
5. I』ll ask the airline on the phone. 我將打電話問問航空公司。同義句是：
I』ll phone and ask the airline.
6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we』ll decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你們查到的信息帶到班上來，然後我們來決定最好的郊遊方式。
bring back 帶回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow.
decide on/upon sth 決定，選定 We』re trying to decide on a school.
7.It』s too far for cycling. 騎自行車去路太遠了。同義句是：It』 too far to cycle there.
8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by…？乘……去泰山要花多長時間？
9．How much does it cost to go there ?去那裡要花多少錢？
How much does a standard room cost ? 一個標准間的價格是多少？
10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper.
我們的票價是硬卧120元，軟卧是180元。
at 意為「以……」，一般用於表示價格，年齡，速度等詞的前面，for 意為「供，適合於」。I』ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.
11.I』d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要預訂20張硬卧票。
20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets
book tickets 預訂票 book a room for sb/sth 為……預訂房間
e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我們想預訂一些14號的房間。
12．Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 請在下午5：30之前付款。
Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付錢給某人做某事
e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美國的費用.
13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想預訂房間。
make a reservation 預訂
14. We have rooms with a bathtub… 我們有帶浴缸……的房間。
with 有或帶著 a house with a swimming pool
a standard room with two single beds
15.It』s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美國的學校里籌錢是很正常的。raise money 籌錢 We can raise the money ourselves.
16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一個學生花一美元便可買到一張抽獎的票。
(1)each 作主語，謂語用單數 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket.. （2）用於單數名詞前，作定語，謂語用單數。Each student has their own e-mail address.
(3)用於復數主語後，作主語同位語，謂語用復數。They each have their own e-mail address.
17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的來信。
Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving the problem.
三.重點語法
動詞不定式
（1） 動詞不定式常跟這些及物動詞之後，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用順口溜（要想拒絕忘記，需要努力學習，喜歡同意幫助，希望決定開始）
（2） 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me.
（3） 不定式可以和疑問詞who , which ,when, where ,how, what等連用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don』t know how to get to the station.
（4） 本topic出現的句子有：
I have some exciting news to tell you.
I want to make a hotel reservation.
It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.
The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.
I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.
Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.

Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ?

一、重點詞彙：
（一）詞形轉換：
1.explore(名詞) explore 2. east (形容詞) eastern
3.north(形容詞) northern 4. push (反義詞) pull
5.sadly(形容詞) sad (名詞) sadness 6. crowd (形容詞) crowded
（二）重點片語:
1.make a plan 擬定計劃
2. make sure 確信，確保
3. come along with 和……一起來
4. at the foot of 在……的腳下
5. be surprised at 對……感到驚奇
6. be satisfied with 對……感到滿意
7. out of sight 看不見
8. step on one』s toes 踩著某人的腳
9. can』t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
10. spread over 分布於
11.rush out 沖出去
12.raise one』s head 抬頭
13.ask sb for help 向某人求助
14.thank goodness 謝天謝地

二． 重點句型及重點語言點
1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.當你在旅行時， 我正忙於准備考試。
(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙於做某事
I』m busy preparing for my birthday party these days.
(2)while 當……時候，引導時間狀語從句。當一個動作在正在進行時，另一個動作也同時進行。While my mother was cooking , I was watching TV.
2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 請你幫我定個旅行計劃好嗎？
Would you 比will you 語氣更加客氣，委婉, 類似還有could you
Could you come along with us ?
3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他們仔細勘測了整個區域，確保這些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背後有群山環繞。
make sure 確信，確保 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.
4.It』s about two and a half hours by bike. 騎自行車大約要2個半小時。
Two and a half hours = two hours and a half
5.It』s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的東面。
to the +方位詞+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China.
on the +方位詞+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang .
in the +方位詞+of 表示在某一范圍內的地區 Beijing is in the north of China.
6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他們走進定陵，對那裡的奇觀感到很驚奇。
be surprised at 對……感到很驚奇 He is surprised at dragons.
be surprised to do sth 驚奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost.
7.…so they had to look for space to park their bikes 他們不得不尋找停自行車的地方
space 空間 Can you make space for this old man ?
8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
當人群從四面八方擠來時，有人踩了他的腳。
in one』s direction 朝著某人的方向 step on one』s toes踩了某人的腳
step on sth 踩某物 Don』t step on the flowers and grass.
9.When he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.
當他最後沖出人群時，他注意到他的兩個朋友都不見了。
notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事
10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
三個男孩一見面，就高興得跳了起來。
as soon as 引導時間狀語從句 意為「一……就」
He left as soon as he heard the news.
I』ll tell him as soon as I see him.
11.He didn』t raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起頭。 not …until 直到……才
12.They were so lovely that we couldn』t help playing with them.
它們太可愛了，我們禁不住和它們一起玩。
can』t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldn』t help laughing.
13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我對在中國的一切感到滿意。]
be satisfied with 對……感到滿意 He is satisfied with my work.
14.. We even asked the guard for help. 我們甚至向保安尋求幫助。
ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help.
三.重點語法 時間狀語從句
1。引導詞：
（1） when, while , as 當……時候. when 後可跟短暫性動詞也可跟延續性動詞；while 後跟延續性動詞；as 多用於口語，強調同一時間，或一前一後。
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 學生在教室里談話時，老師進來了。
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 媽媽總是邊給我們做飯邊唱歌。
（2）not … until 直到……才，主句謂語動詞常用短暫性動詞。
I won』t leave here until the rain stops.
He didn』t sleep until his mother came back home.
(3) after 在……之後，before 在……之前，as soon as 一……就
I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.
2. 時態
（1）當主句為一般過去時時，從句常用過去的某種時態。
While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang.
(2)當主句的時態為一般將來時， 從句用一般現在時。
I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
本topic出現的句子有：
1.While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.
2.He didn』t raise his head until someone called his name.
3.While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
.4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
5.After they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.
6.As they were exploring happily, the crowd became larger and larger.

Topic3 Bicycles are popular with people
一、重點詞彙：
（一）詞形轉換：
1. death (動詞) die (形容詞 )dead 2 slow (副詞) slowly
3.crossing（動詞）cross 介詞） across 4. success（動詞）succeed (形容詞successful
5．Pain (形容詞) painful 6. lead (名詞) leader
7.final (副詞) finally 8impossible (反義詞) possible
9 courage （動詞） encourage
（二）重點片語:
1．Slow down 減速
2. run into 撞到
3. avoid doing sth 避免 防止做某事
4. warn sb to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事
5. ride into 進入 躋身於
6 get used to (doing) 習慣於做某事
7. a sharp turn 急轉彎
8. be popular with 受……的歡迎
9. get a fine 處以罰金
10. go on doing sth 繼續做某事
11. the way to success 成功之路
12. obey the traffic rules 遵守交通規則
13.break the traffic rules 違反交通規則
14. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
15.be famous for 因……聞名
16. be in danger 處於危險中
17.after a while 一會兒
二． 重點句型及重點語言點
1．I think traffic in Beijing is crazy. 我認為北京的交通很擁堵。
traffic 是不可數名詞
2. If people obey the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents. 如果人們都遵守交通規則，交通事故將會減少。
If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous and we will get a fine.如果人們違反交通規則，將很危險，我們會受到處罰的。
這是if 引導條件狀語從句，主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時。
3．I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多了。
more confident 是比較級
4. It can help us save energy and avoid pollution. 這樣可以節約能源以及避免空氣污染。 avoid sth / doing sth 避免做某事
You should avoid making the mistake like that.
He ran into the wall to avoid hitting the truck.
5.Bicycles are popular with people. 自行車深受人們歡迎。
Be popular with 受……歡迎
6 It warns us to be more careful. Warn sb (not)to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事
He warned her to keep silence. Warn sb about sth 提醒某人某事
7.Most people think bicycles are much safer than any other vehicle.大部分人認為自行車比其他交通工具要安全些。
8．.However, his way to success didn』t go well. 然而，他的成功之路並非一帆風順。
The way to success 成功之路 success in doing sth 在……成功
I didn』t have much success in finding a job. 我找工作沒什麼結果。
9．Like the other challenges in his life, Lance faced it head-on. 像面對生命中其他挑戰一樣，蘭斯迎頭面對。
10．It seems impossible to beat him. 打敗他似乎是不可能的。
beat sb 打敗某人 win a game /match/ a gold medal
It seems +adj+to do sth 做某事似乎……
She always seems to be sad.
三.重點語法 條件狀語從句
1.條件狀語從句由if（如果），unless(除非)等 引導的，謂語動詞常用一般現在時表示將來，主句用一般將來時。
主句 if從句
Will (must, should, may) 一般現在時
如：I won』t go if he doesn』t go .
We will pass the exam if we study hard.
We won』t pass the exam unless we study hard..
2. 祈使句+and/or 引導的結果句，祈使句在意義上相當於條件狀語從句。
如：Hurry up, or you』ll be late.= If you don』t hurry up, you』ll be late.=You』ll be late unless you hurry up.
Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

㈧ 初中英語所有重要知識點 外研版

時態，語態，詞法，句型

㈨ 初二英語下冊知識點 外研版

建議你買一本《初中無敵英語語法》裡面講解特別的詳細而且淺顯易懂。