A. 義務教育教科書英語八年級下冊九單元3a部分翻譯
The most interesting museum I have ever been to is the American Computer Museum. They have information about different computers and their inventors. The old computer is much bigger. It's unbelievable that technology is advancing so fast! I also learned that there is a special computer. It plays chess even better than humans. I want to know how much more computers can do in the future.
我曾去過的最有趣的博物館是 美國計算機博物館。它們有關於不同的計算機和其發明者的信息資料。老計算機要大得多。 科技竟然進步如此之快，這真是令人難以置信！我也了解到有一台特殊的計算機。它下象棋下得甚至比人類還好。我想知道更多的計算機在未來能夠做多少事情。
I recently went to the international toilet Museum, a very different Museum in India. When I saw so many different kinds of toilets there, I couldn't believe my eyes. The museum tells people about the history and development of toilets. It also encourages Governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future.
我最近去了印度的一個非常不同導常的博物館——國際廁所博物館。當我看到那裡如此多的不同種類的廁所時，我簡直不敢相信我的眼睛。這個博物館告訴人們廁所的歷史和發 展。它也鼓勵政府和社會團體思考未來改善廁所的方式。
I went to Hangzhou National Tea Museum last year. It's a relaxing and peaceful place by the lake. The tea show shows how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. Watching them prepare tea is as enjoyable as drinking tea itself. Finally, I realized why my grandfather loved drinking tea and collecting tea sets.
去年我去了杭州國家茶博物館。 它是一個位於湖邊令人放鬆和感到寧靜的地方。茶藝表演展示了如何用漂亮的茶具做出一杯完美的茶。看他們准備茶水就像喝茶本身一樣令人愉快。 最後我終於意識到為什麼我的祖父喜愛喝茶和收集茶具了。
這部分內容主要考察的是動詞不定式的知識點：
動詞不定式為非謂語動詞，動詞中的一種不帶詞形變化從而不指示人稱、數量、時態的一種形式。它之所以被稱做不定式，是因為動詞不被限定，或者說不被詞性變化所局限。不定式屬於非謂語動詞形式。
動詞不定式及其短語還可以有自己的賓語、狀語，雖然動詞不定式在語法上沒有表面上的直接主語，但它表達的意義是動作，這一動作一定由使動者(動詞的使用者)發出。這一使動者(動詞的使用者)稱之為邏輯主語。
B. 八年級英語下冊知識點 各單元知識點 1-10單元
等我慢慢發
Unit1
一。詢問某人發生了某病或麻煩用：
What'sthematter(withsb.)?某人怎麼了
what『swrong(withsb)?
what』sthetrouble(withsb)?
whathappened(tosb)?
areyouok?
身體不適：
.sb+have/has+sth
sb+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache.......
sb+have/has+a+sore+發病部位
sb+hurt(s)+部位/反身代詞
部位+hurt(s)
sb+have/has+a+pain+in one's+部位
7.（There's）something wrong with one's+部位 （可能要發幾天）
二。should常用於勸告，建議，認為某人應該做某事，或有義務做某事。作為情態動詞，後接動詞原形，否定形式：shouldn't=should not
三，反身代詞
myself，yourself, himself, herself, itself
ourselves, yourselves, themselves
too much 太多 修飾不可數名詞和動詞
too many 太多 修飾可數名詞復數
much too 太 修飾形容詞或副詞
without doing sth 沒有做某事，表伴隨
lie-lay-lying 躺
lie-lied-lying 撒謊
lie to sb about sth 某事對某人撒謊
if引導的條件狀語從句使用一般現在時表將來，主句使用一般將來時
if還可做連詞，意為是否，此時引導賓語從句，和whether意思相同
辨析along/down
1，along強調順著水平方向
2，down指「沿著。。。下坡或往南走」
agree to do sth 同意做某事
agree with sb./sb's words 同意某人/某人的話
put on 穿，表動作
wear 穿，及物動詞，表狀態
dress 給。。穿衣服，賓語只能為人
（be）in 介詞，穿著，後接表衣服的名詞或表顏色的形容詞，表狀態，等於be dressed in
1 be used to doing sth 習慣於做某事
2 used to do sth 過去常常做某事
3 be used to do sth 被用來做某事
run out主語是名詞
run out of 主語一般是人
mean doing sth 意味著做某事
mean to do sth 打算/企圖做某事
（求採納，我才有動力接下去發完）
advice 不可數名詞，勸告，忠告，建議
the importance of sth/doing sth 某事/做某事的重要性
keep on doing sth 繼續做某事
keep sb doing sth 使繼續處於某種狀態
（第一單元發完了，累死了，我找個時間再繼續發）
C. 八年下冊英語第九單元重點單詞短語 急！！！ 在線等
apple蘋果
D. 八年級下英語第9,第10單元的重點句型
八年級下冊英語第十單元知識點整理
一，重點片語
1. look like 看起來像…
2. by noon 到中午為止
3. on the weekend 在周末
4. look through 瀏覽
5. wait in line 排隊等候
6. a ball game fan 球迷
7. have a wonderful time 過得愉快
8. on Saturday night 在周六晚上
9. thank you so much for … 為…而非常感謝你
10. be friendly to 對…友好
11. feel like 感覺像…
12. part of …的一部分
13. have a hard time doing… 做…時很費勁
14. come along 出現，發生
15. enjoy doing 享受做…的樂趣
16. be good at … 擅長於…
17. help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事
help sb. （to） do sth.
18. a lot easier 容易的多
19. get along 相處
20. be careful to do sth. 小心去做某事
21. at least 至少
22. at this time 此時
二，交際用語
1. It's a nice day, isn't it? 今天是個好天氣，不是嗎？
Yes, it is. 是。
2. You're Ben's sister, aren't you? 你是本的姐姐/妹妹，對嗎？
Yes, I am. 是的，我是。
3. You love violin music, don't you? 你喜歡小提琴樂曲，對嗎？
Yes, I do. 是的，我喜歡。
三，重點難點釋義
1. I hope so. 我希望如此。此處so 是副詞，意為「如此」「如是」.如
-Our team will win. 我們隊會贏的。
-I hope so. 我希望如此。
2. by 不遲於；在什麼……之前
Do you think it'll stop by noon? 你認為中午之前雨會停嗎？
3. I hope the bus comes soon. 我希望汽車快點兒來。
在hope的賓語從句中，既可以用一般將來時表示將來時間，也可以用一般現在時表示將來時間，如本句。
4. look through 瀏覽；翻閱；看一遍
Look through this plan for me, and tell me what you think of it.
替我看一遍這項計劃，並把你的想法告訴我。
5. Sometimes it isn't easy being the new kid at school.
有時在學校里做個新生可真不容易。
it代表動名詞表示的主語，如本句。
6. come along 表示「出現」「來到」或「發生」,如：
Take any opportunity that comes along. 抓住每一個出現的機會。
7. be friendly to sb. 對某人友好或對某人友善；
He's not very friendly to newcomers. 他對新來的人不太友善。
8. He sure is 他的確是…
（1）這里sure是副詞，意為「確實地」.如：
It sure was very cold.天確實很冷。
（2）sure主要作形容詞用。如：
Are you sure of your facts? 你確信你說的都是真的嗎？
9. To have successful small talk, both people need to ask questions.
要想使聊天順利進行，兩個人都需要提出問題。
（1）both在這里作形容詞用，意為「兩個…都…」,如：
I saw him on both occasions. 在那兩個場合我都見過他。
both經常用作代詞。如： Both of us want to go to the park.我們兩個夠想去公園。
（2）need在這里作實意動詞用，意為「需要……」,後面常跟名詞或不定式。如：
Do you need any help? 你需要什麼幫助？
need 也可做情態動詞，但一般只用在否定句中。如：
You needn't wash these dishes. 這些盤子你不用洗。
10. alone意為「單獨、獨自」相當於by himself.如：
We're alone on this island. 這個島上就我們這些人。
She always goes home alone. 她總是一個人回家。
11. alone/lonely
lonely為形容詞，意為「孤獨的，荒涼的」,而alone既可以用作形容詞也可以作副詞用，表示客觀上無人陪伴。如：
He lives in a lonely place alone.他獨自住在荒郊野外。
He was alone, but he didn't feel lonely. 他雖獨自一人，但並不感到寂寞。
12. wait to do sth. 等候做某事， can't wait to do sth. 等不及做某事。如：
The reporters are waiting at the airport to welcome the hero back.
記者門在機場等候歡迎英雄凱旋。
The children can't wait to open the presents in the stockings.
孩子門迫不及待的要打開襪子里的禮物。
13. 辨析 cross, crossing和across
（1）cross n. 十字形，十字記號 vt. 穿過，越過，橫過
（2）crossing n. 十字路口，交叉點
（3）across prep. 穿過；橫穿 例：
14. cost 意為「值」「花費」,通常以物作主語，即：某物花（某人）多少錢。如：
That house cost him 3000 000. 那所房子花了他30萬。
It costs them 10 000 a year to run a car. 使用一部小汽車每年花他們一萬。
15. I feel like part of the group now. 我感覺像這個群體的一部分了。
feel like.「感覺像…」 後面跟名詞或動名詞。如：
I feel like flying. 我感覺像在飛。
She feels like dreaming. 她感覺像在做夢。
四，語法知識
1. 反意疑問句由兩部分組成，前面是陳述句，後面是簡短問句。如果前面是肯定句，後面一般是否定問句，如果前面是否定句，則後面多是肯定句。
2. 反意疑問句使用中應注意：
除There be句型外，疑問部分的主語必須是與陳述部分的主語在人稱數性方面保持一致的人稱代詞。
There be句型的疑問部分的主語用there.
There is going to be a class meeting on Friday afternoon, isn't there?
當陳述部分的主語是everyone, someone, anyone, no one等不定代詞時，其疑問部分的主語可用he, 也可用they.
Everyone knows his job, doesn't he?
如果陳述部分的謂語動詞帶有助動詞或情態動詞，疑問部分則使用相同的助詞或情態動詞。
You can swim, can't you?
如果陳述部分的謂語動詞是系動詞Be,則疑問部分也用系動詞。
Beijing is a beautiful city, isn't it?
如果陳述部分的謂語動詞既不是系動詞Be,也不帶助動詞或情態動詞時，疑問部分要用do.
Your father likes playing basketball, doesn't he?
Will you? Won't you? Would you? Can you? Can't you? Could you? 用於祈使句後的疑問部分。用Won't表示「邀請，」will, would, can, 和 can't 表示「請求」.否定的祈使句後只能用will you.
Try the new dress on, will you?
註：祈使句Let's…後，用shall we,let us…後用will you.
E. 八年級下冊英語第九單元重點句
一、 易混詞語 when-while each-every surprising-surprised-amazing happen-take place accident-event everyday-every day 二、 常用片語 1. get out of 2. go into 3. walk down 4. take off 5. be surprised 6. the Museum of Flight 7. take turns 8. tell stories 9. jump down (from) 10. take photos 11. run away 12. think about 13. next to 14. in history 15. shout to/at 16. hear about 17. at that time 18. have fun 19. in science 20. take place 21. the World Trade Center 22. around the earth 23. all over the world 24. come out of 25. divide into 三、 重點句子 1. The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed. 2. While the girl was shopping , the alien got out. 3. Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen. 4. Not all events in history are as terrible as this. 5. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history. 四、 語言語法 談論過去的事情，過去進行時（was/were 動詞的過去分詞） 這是我在一個網站里找到的。這個網站的網頁是 http://www.ewteacher.com/
F. 人教新目標英語八年級下冊第9單元課文翻譯
Most of us may have heard of Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and many other famous Disney characters. Maybe we even saw them in the movies. But have you ever been to Disneyland? In fact, there are several different Disneyland in the world.
我們中的大多數人可能都聽說過米老鼠，唐老鴨和其他許多有名的迪士尼人物。也許我們甚至曾在電影中看過他們。但是你曾經去過迪士尼樂園嗎？事實上，現在世界上已有幾座不同的迪士尼游樂園了。
Disneyland is a playground, but we can also call it theme park. It has all the entertainment you can find in a playground, but it also has a theme. Of course, the theme is Disney movies and Disney characters.
迪士尼樂園是一個游樂場，但我們也可以叫它主題公園。它擁有你在一家游樂場可以找到的所有的娛樂設施，但是它也有一個主題。當然，這個主題就是迪士尼電影和迪士尼人物。
For example, in most amusement parks you can find roller coasters, but in Disneyland, the theme of roller coasters is Disney characters. That means you can find Disney characters anywhere on the roller coaster. You can also watch Disney movies, eat in Disney restaurants and buy Disney gifts. And you can see Disney characters walking around Disneyland all the time!
例如，在大多數游樂園你可以找到過山車，但是在迪士尼樂園，過山車的主題是迪士尼人物。這意味著你可以在過山車的任何地方找到迪士尼人物。你也可以看迪士尼電影，在迪士尼餐廳就餐，並且買迪士尼禮物。並且你能夠看到迪士尼人物一直漫步在迪士尼樂園！
Have you ever heard of the Disney cruiser? These are huge boats that also have Disney themes. You can sail on the boat for a few days, and you can sleep and eat on the boat. There are also many attractions on board, just like any other Disneyland.
你曾經聽說過迪士尼巡航艦嗎？這些是也有迪士尼主題的巨大的船。你可以在船上航行幾天，並且你可以在船上睡覺和吃東西。船上也有許多吸引人的地方，就像其他任何迪士尼樂園一樣。
You can shop, go to Disney parties and have dinner with Mickey Mouse! These ships travel different routes, but they all end up in the same place. That's Disneyland's own island.
你可以購物，參加迪士尼的聚會，和米老鼠一起吃晚餐！這些船航行不同的航線，但它們最終都會抵達同樣的地方。那就是迪士尼樂園自己的小島。
There's so much fun in Disneyland!
在迪士尼樂園的樂趣簡直太多了！
這部分內容主要考察的是過去完成進行時的知識點：
強調動作從過去的過去開始一直延續到過去某個時間點。在過去某個時間點時，這個動作可能剛剛停止，也可能仍然在進行。在英語時態中，「時「指動作發生的時間，」態「指動作的樣子和狀態。放在間接引語或虛擬語氣中時它的時態不能再向前推，向後推是現在完成進行時。
尚未完成：He had been writing the novel．（他沒有完成它）
企圖：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb．（他一直在努力學習它）
未得結果：We had been studying what our enemy had said．（但我們不能理解）
G. 人教版八年級下冊英語所有知識點
我沒帶課本，大體給你說一下。
第一單元是一般將來時
第二單元主要是將一些建議，shuold或could。
第三單元主要是講while與when的用法區別，還涉及到一般過去時
第四單元主要學了直接引語和間接引語。
第五單元是有if引導的條件狀語從句
第六單元現在完成進行時
第七單元是動詞作賓語
第八單元知識點以前就學到過建議之類的語法
第九單元是現在完成時，是重點
第十單元學習了反義疑問句。
給你提供一些網址，然後你去看看，或許有用
http://ke..com/view/201104.htm
http://ke..com/view/1929194.htm
http://ke..com/view/2285806.htm
http://ke..com/view/191047.htm
http://ke..com/view/201301.htm
H. ·新目標英語八年級下冊九單元講的是什麼內容
第九單元主要講的是
現在完成時
概念：
現在完成時用來表示現在之前已發生過或完成的動作或狀態,但其結果卻和現在有聯系,也就是說,動作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在.
結構：
have(has)+過去分詞(done)
使用典型例句
I have lost my wallet.(含義是:現在我沒有錢花了.)
Jane has laid the table.(含義是:已可以吃飯了.)
Michael has been ill.(含義是:現在仍然很虛弱)
He has returned from abroad. (含義是:現在已在此地)
現在完成時使用中通常和一般過去時相區別，一般過去時也發生在過去，但是基本和現在不再有聯系
常用在回憶的描述
現在完成時態的其他要點
2. 現在完成時可以用來表示發生在過去某一時刻的,持續到現在的情況,常與for,since連用.
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
3. 現在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等:
He has already obtained a scholarship.
I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).
We have seen that film before.
Have they found the missing child yet
4. 現在完成時常常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等:
Have you ever been to Beijing
I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.
I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.
George has met that gentleman on several occasions.
5. 現在完成時還往往可以同包括現在時間在內的時間狀語連用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等:
Peter has written six papers so far.
Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
There has bee too much rain in San Francisco this year.
The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.
Up to the present everything has been successful.
6. 現在完成時表示現在之前業已完成的動作,雖然其效果或影響仍然存在但已不再繼續,但是有一些現在完成時的句子,在後面加上for+一段時間,則現在完成時的動作就表示延續性.
Thomas has studied Russian. (現在不再學俄語)
Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.(同第2點用法第一個例句)
7. 現在完成時還可以用來表示過去的一個時間到現在這段時間內重復發生的動作.
We have had four texts this semester.
===================
現在完成時的「完成用法」和「未完成用法」
1.現在完成時的"完成用法"
現在完成時的"完成用法"指的是動作發生在過去某一時刻並已結束，但該動作對現在產生了影響，與現在情況具有因果關系。
例如：He has turned off the light.他已把燈關了。(動作結束於過去，但說明的是現在的情況--燈現在不亮了。)
現在完成時"完成用法"的特點是動作不延續，因此，該時態只能與表示不定的過去時間狀語(如：already，yet，before，recently等)、頻度時間狀語(如：never，ever，once等)、包括現在時刻在內的時間狀語(如：this morning ／ month ／year...，today等)連用。
例如： Have you found your pen yet？你已找到你的鋼筆了嗎？
2.現在完成時的"未完成用法"
現在完成時的"未完成用法"指的是動作開始於過去某一時刻，一直延續到現在，或可能還要繼續下去。
例如：He has lived here since 1978.自從1978年以來，他一直住在這兒。(動作起始於1978年，一直住到現在，可能還要繼續住下去。)
I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部隊已經呆了五年多了。(動作開始於5年前，一直延續至今，有可能還要繼續下去。)
此種用法的句中常需一個表示一段時間的狀語(由since或for引導)，或表示與現在時刻相連的時間狀語(如：up to now，so far)等。
例如：I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前為止我沒有他的任何消息。
注意：(1)現在完成時的未完成用法只適用於延續性動詞，不可用於終止性動詞，即瞬間完成或延續時間很短的動詞。如：come，go，arrive，leave，join，become，die等。
(2)現在完成時常見兩種句型：
①主語＋have / has been＋for短語
②It is＋一段時間＋ since從句
例如：He has been in the League for three years.或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入團已三年了
一.have/has been doing sth.
1.現在完成進行時
當後面接有一段時間的詞時,或是加表示時間的詞時,可以用現在完成時.如果這件事現在還在持續或還在做,則可用
現在完成進行時.
如:I have been skating for 4 hours.
I have finished my homework.
2.現在完成時的被動語態.
後接動詞的過去分詞.
如:The building has been built for 5 years.
I. 八年級下英語unit9 語法要點 翻譯
Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?
1. take a ride 兜風
2. take the subway
3. have been to, have gone to
4. on the one hand, on the other hand
5. a good place to practice your English
6. outside of China
7. end up 結束
8. take a holiday/vacation 度假
9. all year round 全年
10. such as 例如
11. a zoo called/named… 一個叫做……的動物園
12. ring the daytime 在白天
13. wake up 醒來
14. wake somebody up 喚醒/叫醒某人
15. have a great/nice/wonderful/great time 玩得高興
16. a wonderful place to take a holiday/to visit 一個度假/游覽的好地方
17. an English-speaking country 一個講英語的國家
18. be asleep=fall asleep 睡著
19. go on a DISNEY cruise
20. travel to another province of China
21. the reasons for learning English
22. an exchange student
23. improve my listening skills
24. one….,the other..
25. Three quarters of the population are Chinese. 四分之三的人口是中國人（謂語動詞用復數形式）
26. What』s the population of China? 中國的人口是多少？（不用how much提問）
27. the population of China is 1.3 billion 中國的人口是13億。（謂動詞用單形式）
本單元目標句型：
1. Me neither.
2. It』s fun to learn another language.
3. Disneyland is an amusement park, but we can also call it a theme park.
4. It has all the normal attractions you can find at an amusement park, but it also has a theme.
5. the roller coaster is themed with Disney characters.
6. You can see Disney characters walking around Disneyland all the time.
7. These are huge boats that also have the Disney theme. You can take a ride on the boat for several days, and you sleep and eat on board.
8. There are also many attractions on board just like any other Disneyland.
9. The boat rides all take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.
10. It is just so much fun in Disneyland.
11. Here』s what two of our students said about our school.
12. When I was a young girl, all I ever wanted to do was traveling, and I decided that the best way to do this was to become a flight attendant .
13. I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well, so I studied English at the Hilltop Language School for five years before I became a flight attendant.
14. It was because I could speak English that I got the job.
15. It』s all I have ever wanted to be.
16. However, I know that I have to improve my English, so I have started taking lessons at the school.
17. Maybe when I leave school I』ll think about becoming an English teacher rather than a tour guide.
18. What other job is he thinking of doing?
19. You can rent bicycles at the amusement park.
20. For many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful place to take a holiday.
21. Maybe you fear that you won』t be able to find anything to eat in a foreign country.
22. However, if you 『re feeling brave, Singapore is an excellent place to try new food.
23. If you go to see lions, tigers, or foxes ring the daytime, they』ll probably a asleep.
24. One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round..this is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, or winter.
現在完成時句型舉例：
1. Have you ever been to an amusement park? 你曾經去過游樂園嗎?Yes, I have./ No, I haven』t.
2. I have never been there. Me neither=Neither have I. 我也沒有.
3. Where is he? He has gone to the Beijing.
4. How long has he been in Beijing? （不能用come/arrive）
5. I』ve never been to an aquarium. 我從沒去過水族館.
6. I have been a student here for a year. 我成為這的學生有一年了. （不能用become）
=I became a student here a year ago.
7. He has been dead for two years.（不能用die）=he died two years ago.
8. I have been a teacher since ten years ago(for ten years.) （不能用become）
9. I have just/ever/already/never seen the movie. Have you ever heard of the man before?
本單元語法講解
現在完成時
1.現在完成時態表示過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響或結果。本時態標志詞：
already （「已經」，用於肯定句中，放在have /has之後或句尾）；
yet （「仍然」「還」，用於疑問句或否定句的句尾）
just（「剛剛」，放在have /has之後）；
before（「以前」，放在句尾）；
ever（「曾經」，放在have /has之後）
never （「從沒有」，在have /has之後）
例句：
1.Our teacher has just left.
2.We have studied English already.
3.I have not finished the homework yet.
4.He has never been to Beijing before.
2.某個動作從過去已經開始,一直持續到現在,還有可能持續到將來.動作的持續性要通過一段時間來表示一段時間的表達方法有兩種:
for: +一段時間 for a year for two weeks for three years
Since +過去的某一時刻, since nine since last week
Since +一般過去時態的時間狀語從句 since you came ; since you got home.
注意：結束性動詞不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用,但是它們可以轉換成相應的延續性動詞.
1.直接用延續性動詞
buy– have；catch(get) a cold –have a cold；borrow—keep；become—be；put on-- wear
2.轉換成be+名詞
join the army – be a soldier；join the Party –be a Party member；
go to school– be a student
3轉換成be+形容詞或副詞
die—be dead；finish – be over；begin—be on；leave—be away ； fall sleep – be asleep close – be closed come to/ go to/arrive at(in)+某地—be in(at) +某地
4.轉換成 be+介詞短語go to school– be in school ； get up_ be up；
現在完成時態常見標志詞
1. already（已經）, just（剛剛）, never（從未/從沒有）, ever（曾經）, yet（仍然/還）, before（以前（句尾時）
2. since+點時刻或從句; for+段時間; how long（疑問句中用來提問since/for短語的）
3. so far；till now；by now（到目前為止；迄今）
4. recently近來 in the past/last+段時間 在過去的幾年中
5. once(一次)，twice,three(four…) times
6. It is the+最高級+n.+ (that) sb.have ever done
例：What』s the best gift you have ever received? 你曾收到的最好禮物是什麼?