A. 【航天英語詞彙整理】為什麼我國叫航天員不叫宇航員航天英語相關詞彙有哪些
神舟十二號，簡稱「神十二」，是我國載人航天工程發射的第十二艘飛船，也是空間站關鍵技術驗證階段第四次飛行任務，以及空間站階段首次載人飛行任務。因此，一直備受國內外關注。北京時間2021年6月17日9時22分，搭載神舟十二號載人飛船的長征二號F遙十二運載火箭，在酒泉衛星發射中心點火發射並取得圓滿成功。那麼，今天就來為大家科普一些航天英語知識，解答一下為什麼我國叫航天員不叫宇航員？以及航天英語相關詞彙有哪些？
首先，我們來回答第一個問題，為什麼我國叫航天員不叫宇航員？
中國「航天員」的稱呼源於錢學森的定義：
【航空】：大氣層內
【航天】：大氣層外到太陽系內
【宇航】：太陽系外
「航天」一詞由錢學森首創，從航海、航空「推理」而成。目前，我國還未進行宇航任務，為了更精準地描述這一活動，所以稱為「航天員」。
實際上，作為僅有的三個獨立載人航天國家，美國、俄羅斯和中國航天員的稱呼各不相同。美國或其他國家的航天員名稱一般是「astronauts」，俄羅斯航天員被稱為「cosmonauts」，這個詞源自俄語中的「宇宙」一詞。隨著我國航天事業的發展，外媒也逐漸開始使用「taikonauts」來稱呼我國航天員。
第二個問題，航天英語相關詞彙有哪些？
在英文報道中，無人航空飛行器、衛星、火箭等（unmanned space vessels, satellites, rockets）的編號一般用阿拉伯數字，而載人飛行器（manned spacecraft）的編號一般用羅馬數字，比如，「嫦娥五號」的英文是Chang'e-5，而我國首個載人飛船「神舟五號」的英文是Shenzhou V。
以下是一些航天英語相關詞彙：
載人飛船 manned spaceship / manned spaceflight
載人空間站 manned space station
天和核心艙 core mole Tianhe
空間實驗室 space lab
在軌加註 in-orbit refueling
交會對接 rendezvous and docking
貨運飛船 cargo spacecraft
推進艙 propelling mole
空間對接 space docking
近地軌道 low-Earth orbit
運載火箭 carrier rocket
助推火箭 booster rocket
發射中止系統 launch abort system
發射場 launch site
可重復使用運載火箭 reusable carrier rocket
機械臂 robotic arm
出艙活動 extravehicular activities
艙外服 extravehicular spacesuits
航天 Spaceflight
北京航天飛行控制中心 Beijing Aerospace Control Center (BACC)
變軌 orbital transfer
艙口 hatch
艙外活動(即「太空行走」)extra-vehicular activity(EVA)
長征二號F運載火箭 Long March II F carrier rocket
長征三號甲運載火箭 Long March 3A launch vehicle; LM-3A launch vehicle
嫦娥1號 Chang』e-1 lunar probe; Chang』e-1 lunar satellite
登月 landing on the moon
地面操作系統 ground operation system
地形和地表結構 topographical and surface structures
地月轉移軌道 Earth-moon transfer orbit
定向天線 directional antenna
「東方紅」衛星 Dongfanghong (DFH) satellite
多級火箭 multistage rockets
發射窗口 launch window
發射前的最後檢查和測試 pre-launch tests
發射區 launch site
發射升空 blast off
發射升空 liftoff; blastoff; take off
發射台 launch pad
發射衛星 launch a satellite
返回艙 re-entry mole
返回式衛星 recoverable satellite
扶梯 ladder
服務艙 service mole
干涉成像光譜儀 interference imaging spectrometer
觀測裝置 observation instruments
軌道 orbit
軌道艙 orbital mole
國防科學技術工業委員會 Commission of Science, Technology and Instry for National Defense (COSTIND)
國際空間站 International Space Station
航天服 space suit
繪制月球表面的三維圖像 map three-dimensional images of the lunar surface
激光高度計 laser altimeter
極軌道 polar orbit
緊急供氧裝置 emergency oxygen apparatus
近地點 perigee
近地軌道 low Earth orbit
近月點 perilune
空間環境探測系統 space environment detector system
空間物理探測 space physics exploration
空間遙測系統 space telemetry network
立體攝像機 stereo camera
領航宇航員 lead astronaut
美國航空航天管理局 NASA(The National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
拍攝和傳送地球照片 capture and relay pictures of Earth
偏離軌道 veer off course; deviate from course
氣象衛星 weather satellite; meteorological satellite
燃料加註 fuel adding
繞月 circling the moon
繞月衛星 circumlunar satellite
人造衛星 artificial satellite
上升段 ascent stage
生命維持系統 life support system
試驗太空船 experimental spacecraft
收集月球表面數據 collect lunar surface data
首次近月制動 first braking at perilune
太空艙 capsule
太空升降艙 space elevator
太空行走 space walk
太陽能電池板 solar panel
探月工程 moon exploration project; moon probe project; lunar exploration program
探月工程首席科學家 chief scientist of China』s lunar orbiter project
探月工程總設計師 chief designer of China』s lunar orbiter project
探月工程總指揮 chief commander of China』s lunar orbiter project
探月衛星 lunar probe; lunar exploration satellite; lunar orbiter
逃逸塔 escape tower
天線 antenna
通信衛星 communication satellite
同步軌道衛星 geosynchronous satellite
推進艙 propelling mole
外太空 outer space; deep space
微波探測儀 microwave sounder
衛星同發射裝置分離進入指定軌道：The satellite separated from the launch vehicle and entered the projected orbit; The satellite was released from the launcher upper stage and entered the projected orbit.
無人飛船 unmanned spaceship/spacecraft
下降段 descent stage
現場觀摩發射 watch the launch at the site
消毒服 sterilized uniforms
遙感衛星 remote sensing satellite
有效載荷 payload
有效載荷能力 payload capability
遠地點 apogee
遠月點 apolune
月球表面化學元素和礦物質分布 distribution of chemical elements and minerals on lunar surface
月球的重力場和環境 gravity field and environment of the moon
運載火箭 carrier rocket; rocket launcher
載人飛船 manned spaceship/spacecraft
載人航天 manned space flight
載人航天計劃 manned space program
指令艙 command mole
中國國家航天局 China National Space Administration (CNSA)
中國空間技術研究院 China Academy of Space Technology (CAST)
主力火箭 main rockets
著陸架 landing pad
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為什麼我國叫航天員不叫宇航員？航天英語相關詞彙有哪些？以上就是小編今天的分享啦，大家平時可以多積累一些英語詞彙，說不定就能夠幫助自己在寫作上或者是口語表達上有幫助。
B. 「航空方面的知識」用英語怎麼說 語境是：「今天我向大家介紹一些有關航空航天方面的知識」.
aeronautical and astronautical knowledge
或
knowledge on aerospace
C. 關於航天的英語作文 請給我翻譯 謝謝！
Learning space spirit, bearing the responsibility of the national rejuvenation
A, introctionThe launch of the country's first manned spacecraft "shenzhou" 5 space trip a success, realize the Chinese people for many years of flying dream, grew up ambition of the Chinese people, is China's space in the history of the milestone.Second, the textThe great cause of the great spirit bred the. A new generation of space people in the great course climbing scientific and technological peak, with a unique lofty realm, strong will and outstanding wisdom, created the manned space spirit. This is special to enre hardship, special can fight, special can research, especially to the spirit of dedication. The spirit be worth us forever to learn.Life assious spirit never good. Of the road of life can't be always be smooth. Everyone, always meet this or that of the difficulties and frustrations. We must be in frustration and difficulties of rise. This has to be the spirit of hard work, especially to fight and special can the spirit of residence. "Eat without pains." Study assious spirit never beautiful!Unity is strength, is the rule, but also the administration. Suppose, a collective, if not internal unity, also appeared differences, then it's a collective will be strong? More than that, some have figure out to destroy one, and in this time to attack, the loss is unimaginable.
Science and humanities simultaneously. At a young age, this saying is constantly in our ears: love science, science, with science. But, really implement to, and how many people? Friends think, as long as the society life and cultural knowledge can, need not learning what science. Advanced science and technology, and with a strong country, it is indispensable. As the motherland "flower" we, not only to do science and humanities simultaneously, but also what standard and personality coexistence!Tough conditions to temper the China aerospace people special assious spirit. China's space instry is in extremely hard conditions of start. The boundless gobi desert, the vast ocean, the aerospace workers in order to realize the dream of flying at an early date, discomforts, weathered, overcome countless difficulties and make enormous sacrifices. Severe challenges created China aerospace people able to fight the spirit of special, the lofty mission to glow the China aerospace people special can research spirit. We teenagers, more should learn more in the next hard to study well. In life, study, difficulties and setbacks, don't go, don't flinch, to town, indomitable, dare to victory. Some classmates, in the life of the met a little frustration, to the life lost confidence and hope, think what in the world are good. Then, just commit suicide, and hate from the world. You know, the world is very good, we will cherish life, enjoy the beautiful life. Even if it is bad, it is also cannot change the facts. Like space officials in a serious environment to training, the severe environmental already is the fact that can't change, the only change myself to storm the difficulty. So, we can't because a little frustration and give up their mission, but in the environment, in the hardship, in difficult in the growth of the achievements of his life and mission. The study also is such. Learn not by smart, but hard. Study hard and constantly to study hard, research, this is the study on the performance of the assious spirit never good.United struggle proced China aerospace people special can fengxian spirit. Our country's manned space engineering is the grand scale gunpowder-propelled system engineering. The aerospace workers no matter behind ahead, regardless of the fame and fortune gain and loss, perform its functions and hold your position, a strong force. We live in the same big collective, in order to have a common goal--to protect the collective, should be indifferent to fame and wealth, regardless of his personal gain or loss, content to fengxian, unite, create brilliance. "Unity is strength", this is a powerful forces, is a push people forward power. With this force, can overcome all difficulties, courage to move forward, and achieve the target. To the world, countries all mankind, small to class, family, all together. Some students regardless of collective interests, only for his own heart. For example he in beforehand sowing.results pacing back and forth, and saw a table fell on the ground, he not only don't put the desk do well, but also to play a cruel two feet, is the table put the boot in injury. Another example is the tug-of-war, internal not unity, it is certainly lordaeron.Science is an important symbol of national development and progress. As the successors of the 21 st century we, must want to learn science, love science, the use of science. Science and humanities all need we also high up. A standard of the students, but also the needs of the motherland is the future of the great achievements., standard and indivial character GengShi a vigilant students co-exist word sentence.
學習航天精神，承載民族復興的責任
一、 引言
我國首次發射的載人航天飛船「神州」五號的航天旅程圓滿成功，實現了中華兒女多年的飛天夢想，長大了中國人的志氣，是我國航天發展史上的里程碑。
二、 正文
偉大的事業孕育了偉大的精神。新一代航天人在攀登科技高峰的偉大征程中，以特有的崇高境界，頑強的意志和傑出的智慧，鑄就了載人航天精神。這就是特別能吃苦、特別能戰斗、特別能攻關、特別能奉獻的精神。這些精神永遠值得我們去學習。
生活上刻苦精神永遠美好。人生之路不可能是永遠平坦的。每個人，總會遇到這樣或那樣的困難和挫折。我們必須要在挫折和困難中奮起。這就需要有刻苦的精神，特別能戰斗和特別能公館的精神了。「吃得苦中苦，方為人上人。」學習上刻苦精神永遠美好！
團結就是力量，是治國之本，更是治校之本。試想，一個集體，如果內部不團結，還出現分歧的話，那這個集體會強大嗎？不止這樣，一些有圖搞破壞的人，在這個時候大力進攻，那損失更是不堪設想。
科學與人文並舉。從小，這一句老話就不斷地在我們的耳邊回響：愛科學，學科學，用科學。但是，真正落實到的，又有多少人呢？友人認為，只要學會做人和文化知識就可以了，不用在學什麼科學了。先進的科學技術，對一個強大的國家來說，是必不可少的。身為祖國的「花朵」的我們，不但要做到科學與人文並舉，還要做到規范與個性共存！
艱苦的條件錘煉了中國航天人特別能吃苦的精神。中國航天事業是在極其艱苦的條件下起步的。茫茫的戈壁，浩瀚的海洋，廣大航天工作者為了早日實現飛天之夢，不辭勞苦，日曬雨淋，克服了無數的困難，付出巨大的犧牲。嚴酷的挑戰鑄就了中國航天人特別能戰斗的精神，崇高的使命煥發了中國航天人特別能攻關的精神。我們青少年，更應該在學習上多下苦工，好好學習。在生活上、學習上，遇到困難和挫折，不要逃避，不要退縮，要知難而進，一往無前，敢於勝利。有的同學，在生活中遇到了一點點的挫折，就對人生失去了信心和希望，覺得世界上什麼都不是好的。於是，就自尋短見，恨離人世。要知道，這個世界是非常美好的，我們要珍惜生命，好好地享受這美麗的人生。就算它是不好的，那也是無可改變的事實。就像航天人員要在嚴峻的環境中訓練一樣，那嚴峻的環境已是無法改變的事實，那隻有改變自己，去攻破這個難關。所以，我們不能因為一點點的挫折而放棄自己的使命，而是要在環境中、在艱苦中、在困難中成長，成就自己的人生和使命。學習上也是如此。學習靠的不是小聰明，而是刻苦。讀書要用功，持之以恆地刻苦學習、鑽研，這才是學習上刻苦精神永遠美好的表現。
團結奮斗培育了中國航天人特別能奉賢的精神。我國載人航天工程是中國航天史上規模宏大的系統工程。廣大航天工作者不論前方後方，不計名利得失，履行職責，堅守崗位，形成了強大合力。我們都生活在同一個大集體中，都為了一個共同目標——保護集體，就應該淡泊名利，不計較個人得失，甘於奉賢，團結一心，共創輝煌。「團結就是力量」，這是一股強大的力量，是一股催人前進的力量。有了這股力量，可以排除萬難，勇往向前，達到目標。大至世界全人類、國家，小至班集體、家庭，都要團結。有的同學不顧集體利益，一心只為自己。例如他在拌種來回走動，看見一張桌子跌在地上，他不但不把桌子弄好，而且還殘忍地踢上一兩腳，是桌子雪上加傷。又例如是拔河，內部不團結，那肯定是全軍覆沒。
科學是一個國家發展進步的重要象徵。身為21世紀的接班人的我們，必須要學好科學，熱愛科學，使用科學。科學與人文都需要我們同時高高地舉起。一個規范的學生，更是祖國的需求，是未來成就大事的人。科學與人文並舉，規范與個性共存更始一句警惕學生的話句
D. 用航天知識寫一篇英語作文80詞左右，急用！
劉洋，女，漢族，河南省林州市人，中共黨員，學士學位。1978年10月出生，1997年8月入伍，2001年5月入黨，現為中國人民解放軍航天員大隊四級航天員，少校軍銜。曾任空軍某師某團某飛行大隊副大隊長，安全飛行1680小時，被評為空軍二級飛行員。
Liu Yang, female, the Han nationality, Henan Province, Linzhou City, the Communist Party, Bachelor degree. Born in October 1978, 1997 2001 August the army, joined the party in May, the Chinese people's Liberation Army astronaut group four astronauts, the rank of major. A former Air Force Regiment of division a group deputy commander, 1680 hours of flight safety, was rated as the two air force pilot.