1. 小升初英語重要語法知識點總結
小學《新標准英語》教材中涉及的`重要語法知識主要有8種:to be句型、there be句型、一般現在時句型、現在進行時句型、一般過去時句型、情態動詞can/could/should引導的句型、一般將來時will/be going to句型、祈使句等,其中多種語法現象廣泛出現在各冊教材中,現以五、六年級教材為例將重點句型歸類介紹如下:
l to be句型:主要用於介紹個人情況如姓名、健康狀況、身份、家庭成員、朋友、職業;描述事物特徵;表達方位、長度、年代、顏色、季節、時間、某人的物品及感覺等,該句式廣泛分布於各冊教材中,其中第1、2冊更是以此句型為主,9-12冊中這類「四會」句型有:
1. This one is heavy.
2. It』s an autumn festival. It』s really fun.
3. It isn』t hers. It isn』t his.
4. Whose T-shirt is it? It』s mine.
5. Are you sad? No, I』m not.
6. What』s the matter? Nothing.
7. I』m sorry.
8. This black bag is nice. It』s big.
9. It』s very heavy. Look at this green one. It』s light.
10. How long is the Great Wall?
11. It』s ten thousand li long.
12. How old is the Great Wall?
13. It』s more than two thousand years old.
14. Thanksgiving is my favourite.
15. Families are together.
16. They』re deaf.
17. This water is very clean.
18. It』s fun to drink this way.
19. How much is it? It』s thirteen dollars and twenty-five cents.
20. What』s the matter?
21. I』m really excited.
l there be句型:包括現在與過去兩種,即:there is/are, there was/were。用於
表達某處有某物的客觀存在關系。該句型主要分布在Book5,Book9, Book11和Book12中,教材中以陳述句與how many引導的特殊疑問句問答為主。五、六年級教材中該類重點句有:
1. There weren』t any swings here before.
2. There was only a slide.
3. There wasn』t a pond here before.
4. There is one now.
5. There are many sweets.
6. There are many fruits, too.
7. There is a Chinatown in New York.
8. There was a big lake and there were lots of cks.
2. 小升初英語知識點歸納整理
有小夥伴詢問,小升初的英語考試有哪些常見知識點?為幫助大家了解相關信息,我專門整理了一些知識點和備考建議,大家趕快來參考一下吧!
小升初英語知識點歸納
一、小學英語形容詞性物主代詞
1、形容詞性物主代詞8個:
My your his her its our your their
我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他(她、它)們的
2、形容詞性物主代詞的特點:
1)譯成漢語都有"的" eg:my 我的 their 他們的
2)後面加名詞:eg:my backpack his name
3)前後不用冠詞 a an the
This is a my eraser(錯誤)
That is your a pen(錯誤)
It's his the pen(錯誤)
3、I(物主代詞)my you(物主代詞)your he (物主代詞)her we (物主代詞) our
註:在變物主代詞時,把原題所給的詞加上的,再譯成單詞就可以了。
二、小學英語名詞性物主代詞
1、名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞一樣有8個:
Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他(她、它)們的
2、 名詞性物主代詞的特點:
1)譯成漢語都有"殲頌的"
2)後面不加名詞
3)名詞性物主代詞=形容詞高歲性物主代詞+名詞
Eg:1、the pen is mine 鋼筆是我的(mine=my pen)
三、小學英語單數的句子變成復數的句子
把單數的句子成復數的句子很簡單:變法是把能變成復數的詞變成復數,但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑問戚改睜詞、形容詞、國家及地點通常不變。
Eg:把下列句子變成復數
1, I have a car ----we have cars
2, He is an American boy. ----They are American boys
3, It is a car ----They are cars
4,This is an eraser ----These are erasers
5,That is a backpsck -----Those are backpacks
6,I'm an English teather ------We are English teathers
7,It's a new shirt---- They are new shirts
8,He's a boy ----They are boys
9,She's a singer ------They are singers
10,What'sthis in English?---- What are these in English?
四、小學英語一般疑問句
1、一般疑問句最基本的變法:
be 提前用問號讀升調
2、my變成your our變成your I am / We are 變Are you I can 變Can you
3、注意人名不論放在什麼位置都要大寫 Tom is a student。
Is Tom a student?
4、一般疑問句翻譯成漢語都有"嗎"?
1)This is my English teather. Is this your English teather?
2)It is our school. Is it your school?
3)We are students. Are you students?
4)I can sing. Can you sing?
五、小學英語動詞的用法
be動詞包括三個詞 am ,is, are 這三個詞的漢語意思相同,都是"是"的意思,請記住下列口決:
我是 am( eg:I am a pupil.)
你是 are (eg:You are a girl.)
Is 用在他、她、它(eg:He is a Chinese boy,She is an English teather,It is a cat.見到復數就用are.)
記住:am ,is 的復數是are.;these 這些 ;those 那些(這兩個詞都表示復數)
六、英語簡縮形式的變法語法
1、簡縮形式的變法:
把倒數第二個字母,通常是母音字母變成' 但are除外,are要把a打成' 。Eg:he is=he's they are=they're
2、簡縮形式和完全形式的漢語意思相同。
3、把完全形式變成簡縮形式時,一定要注意第一個字母的大小變化。Eg:What is =What's
4、記住一個特殊變化;let's =let us 讓我們(不要把' 變成i)
5、記住:thisis 沒有簡縮形式this's(錯誤)
小升初英語備考方法
小升初並沒有固定的詞彙量,涉及的詞類較多,做題時要求看懂的詞彙很大。掌握單詞除了要掌握拼讀,詞義外,還要掌握其用法,如動詞要掌握單詞各種時態的變化,固定搭配等。
分模塊復習所學的英語語法知識點,把握英語學習框架。小升初考試當中,語法為重點考查部分,單純考查語法的單項選擇題分值較大。同時,在完形填空題,主觀題當中也會涉及到對語法知識的考查。六年級的英語學習不但要進行系統的語法學習,還應掌握語法題的應試解題技巧。將語法體系按詞法、句法、時態語態及綜合能力進行系統學習。
除了積累單詞和學習相應的語法知識點,還要注意應試技巧訓練,掌握解題要點。在六年級的學習中,需要通過對小升初真題及模擬題的專項訓練,掌握小升初英語考試解題技巧。
3. 小升初英語知識點
小升初英語必備知識點
1現在進行時
表示正在發生的事情或進行的動作,常與now,listen,look等詞連用,結構是主語+be動詞(am, is, are)+動詞ing.
如:It is raining now.
外面正在下雨
It is six oclock now.
現在6點了
My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.
我父母正在客廳看報紙
Look! The children are having a running race now.
看!孩子們正在賽跑
問句將be動詞移前,否定句在be動詞後+not.
2一般現在時
表示經常反復發生的事情或動作,常與often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year) on Sundays等詞連用。
結構是主語+動詞原形;當主語為第三人稱單數即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等詞時,動詞後加s或es.
如:We have an English lesson every day.
我們每天都要上英語課
Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.
男孩比女孩跑的快嗎?是的
問句藉助於do, does否定句藉助於dont, doesnt,後面動詞一定要還原。
3一般過去時
表示發生在過去的事情或存在的狀態,常與just now; a moment ago; ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等詞連用。
結構是主語+be動詞的過去式(was; were)或主語+動詞的過去式。
注意:be動詞與動詞過去式不可同時使用。
如:My earphones were on the ground just now.
我的耳機剛剛還在呢。
Where were you last week? I was at a camp.
你上個星期去哪了?我去野營了
What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm
你昨天去幹嘛了?我去參觀農場了。
問句有be動詞將be動詞移前,沒有be動詞藉助於did,後面動詞還原;
否定句有be動詞在後面加not,沒有藉助於didnt後面動詞還原。
4一般將來時
表示將要打算發生的事情或動作,常與tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;)today等詞連用。結構是主語+be(am, is, are) going to + 動原或主語+will +動原。
如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.
你明天要去幹嘛?我要去野餐。
The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.
孩子們下個星期將參加運動會。
Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.
Tom今晚將和父母去看演出。
問句將be動詞或will移前;否定句在be動詞或will後加not.
5情態動詞
can; can should; shouldn must; may後一定加動詞原形。
如:The girl cant swim, but he can skate.
女孩不會游泳,但是會滑冰
Dont talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.
不要再課上說話,你應該認真聽老師講。
6祈使句
肯定祈使句以動詞原形開頭;否定祈使句以dont加動詞原形開頭。
如:Open the box for me ,please.
請為我打開盒子。
Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.
劉濤,明天請早點起床!
Dont walk on the grass!
不要在草地上走!
Helen! Dont climb the tree,please.
海倫!不要爬樹。
7go的用法
去幹嘛用go +動詞ing
如: go swimming; go fishing;
go skating;
go camping;
go running;
go skiing;
go rowing
8比較
than 前用比較級;asas之間用原級。
如:My mother is two years younger than my father.
我媽比我爸年輕兩歲。
Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.
劉濤跳得和本一樣遠。
9喜歡做某事
用like +動詞ing或like+ to + 動原。
如: Su Yang likes growing flowers.
蘇陽喜歡種花。
The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.
孩子們喜歡在春節去玩花燈。
10想要做某事
用 would like +to+動原或want + to +動原。
例:Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum
11some
用於肯定句中,在否定句和問句中改為any,但當表示委婉語氣時仍用
如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?
12代詞
人稱代詞主格做主語用一般放在句首或動詞前,主格分別是 I you he she it we you they。
賓格做賓語用,一般放在動詞或介詞後
如:Open them for me. Let us , join me等。
賓格分別是me you him her it us you them。
形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前,不能單獨使用,分別是my your his her its our your their
名詞性物主代詞相當於形物加名詞,它只能單獨使用後面不好加名詞,分別是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。
13介詞
介詞後要麼不加動詞,加動詞只能加動詞ing形式
如:be good at running;
do well in jumping;
14時間介詞
季節前,月份前用介詞in
如:in summer;in March
具體的哪一天如星期幾,幾月幾日用介詞on
如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning
在幾點鍾前用介詞at
如: at a quarter to four;
只在上下午晚上用in
如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;
但在夜間用at night。
另:季節,月份和星期前不好加the.
15名詞復數構成的方法
有規則的有:
(1)直接在名詞後加s
如orangeoranges; photophotos;
(2) 以x, s, sh, ch 結尾的加es
如:boxboxes; glassglasses; waitresswaitresses; watchwatches;peach--peaches
(3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es
如:studystudies;librarylibraries; hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;
(4)以f, fe結尾的改f, fe 為v+es如:knifeknives; thiefthieves(注:以o結尾的我們學過的只有mango加es, mangomangoes其餘加s,)
不規則的有:
man womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren
16動詞第三人稱單數的構成
(1)直接在動詞後加s
如:run dancedances
(2)以s,sh,ch,o結尾的加es
如:dogowashwashes;catchcatches
(3)以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es
如:studystudies; carrycarries;
17現在分詞的構成
(1)直接在動詞後加ing
如:singsinging; skiskiing;
(2)雙寫詞尾加ing
如:swimswimming; jogjogging;runrunning;
(3)以不發音的e結尾的去e加ing
如:rideriding; dancedancing; makemaking;
18規則動詞過去式的構成
(1)直接在動詞後加ed
如:cleancleaned; milkmilked; playplayed;
(2)以e結尾的直接加d
如:dancedanced; tastetasted;
(3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加ed
如:studystudied;carrycarried;
(4)雙寫詞尾加ed
如:stopstopped; jogjogged;
不規則的有:am,is are do,does have,has go meet sit see get tell run come stealstole; read
19形容詞副詞比較級的構成
規則的:
(1)直接在形容詞或副詞後加er
如;smallsmaller; lowlower;
(2)以e結尾的`加r
如:latelarer;
(3)雙寫詞尾加er
如:bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatter;
(4) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加er
如:heavyheavier; earlyearlier;
不規則的有:
good, wellbetter(最高級為best); many, much--- more(最高級為most);
far---farther;
20rain與snow的用法
(1)作為名詞意思是雨水和雪是不可數名詞
如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那兒的春天有很多雨水。
(2) 作為動詞意思是下雨和下雪,有四種形式分別是:
動詞原形rain, snow;
第三人稱單數rains ,snows;
現在分詞raining; snowing
過去式rained; snowed;
如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。
②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天經常下雨。
③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。
④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。
(3)形容詞為rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的
如:It is often rainy here in spring.這兒的春天經常是有雨的。
If it is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我將呆在家裡。
21比較級
注意只有同類事物才可進行比較。
如:My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My computer is nicer than Nancys. My brother is stronger than me.
22have, has
表示某人有(has用於第三人稱單數);There is/ are;
There was/ were 表示某地存在有
注意There be 句型的就近原則
單數或不可數用there is /was;
復數用there are/ were.
23本身就是復數的詞
眼鏡glasses; 耳機earphones; 鞋shoes;褲子trousers等詞本身是復數。
如:My glasses were on the chair just now.
但如果表示這雙,這副,一雙的時候用單數
如:There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.
24五個母音字母:Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;
25一個的用法
a用於輔音前不是輔音字母前;an 用於母音前不是母音字母前。
如:There is an s, a t, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in the word student.
26時間表示法
有兩種:
(1)直接讀時鍾和分鍾。
如6:10讀成 six ten; 7:30讀成seven thirty; 8:45讀成eight forty-five;
(2)用to與past表示。
在半小時包括半小時以內用幾分past幾點
如:6:10讀成ten past six; 7:30讀成half past seven;
過了半小時用下一個鍾點差幾分
如7:45讀成a quarter to eight; 9:50讀成ten to ten;
27基數詞變序數詞的方法
基變序有規律,結尾加上th; 一二三特殊例,結尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);
八去t, 九去e, ve要用f替(即eigheighth; nineninth; five-- fifth ;twelvetwelfth);
ty改y為ie後加th別忘記(即整十數如twentytwentieth;fortyfortieth);
幾十幾十位為基個位為序(如第二十一為twenty-first)。
另外強調序數詞前一定要加the。
28日期的表示法
用the+序數詞+ of +月
如:三月三日 the third of March;
12月25日 the 25th of December.
29both 表示兩者都
如:My parents are both teachers.
all表示三者以上都
如:The students are all very excited.
30節日的表示法
有day的節日前用on.
沒有day的節日前用at,
如:at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Years Day.
31激動興奮的
excited表示激動的,興奮地主語是人;
exciting表示令人激動的,令人興奮的主語是事情
如:The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.
賽跑非常令人激動,因此所有的學生都很激動。
32比較
兩者比較用比較級,三者以上比較用最高級
如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does
誰跑得更快,男孩還是女孩?男孩。
Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.
你最喜歡哪個季節?我最喜歡秋天。
Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.
你更喜歡哪個季節,夏天還是冬天?我更喜歡冬天。
33動詞還原的用法
前面用了do, does did, dont, doesnt didnt後面動詞要還原。
如:Did she watch TV last night?
Helen doesnt like taking photos.
34到了
到達用get to
但注意到家,到這兒,到那兒不可以加to
如:get home; get here; get there,
另外go home; come here; go there也一樣。
35長著和穿著
長著什麼用with
如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;
穿著什麼用in
如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人
或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的婦女
36讓某人做某事
用let sb後加動詞原形
如:Lets water the flowers together.
是該做的時候了用Its time for+名詞或Its time to +動原。
幫助某人做某事是help sb with sth
如:幫我學英語是 help me with my English
37樹上
外來的東西在樹上用in the tree
如:the bird in the tree;
樹上長的用on the tree
如:the apples on the tree
38運動和樂器
球類之前不加the;
樂器之前必須加the
如:play the piano; play football
39一周中的第一天是Sunday; 一年中的第一個月是January
40get後加比較級表示變得更怎麼樣
如:get stronger; get longer
;4. 六年級小升初英語知識點
小升初的英語知識點,你都掌握了嗎?下面我給你分享六年級小升初英語知識點,歡迎閱讀。
六年級小升初英語知識點(一)學生易錯詞彙
1. a, an的選擇: 母音字母開頭的單詞用an,輔音字母開頭的單詞用a.
2 am , is , are的選擇: 單數用is , 復數用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.
3 have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數用has , 復數用have. I ,you 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物,某人。單數用there is , 復數用there are.
5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.
6. 疑問詞的選擇:what (什麼) who (誰) where (哪裡) whose (誰的) why(為什麼)when(什麼時候)which(哪一個)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢)
六年級小升初英語知識點(二)動詞過去式詳解
動詞的過去式的構成規則有:
A、規則動詞
①一般直接在動詞的後面加ed如worked , learned , cleaned , visited
②以e結尾的動詞直接加d如lived , danced , used
③以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (play、stay)
④ 雙寫最後一個字母(此類動詞較少)如stopped
B、不規則動詞(此類詞並無規則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
六年級小升初英語知識點(三)形容詞比較級詳解
當我們需要對事物作出比較時,需要用到比較級。比較級的句子結構通常是:
什麼 + 動詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級 + than(比)+ 什麼 ,如:
I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一隻大象比一隻老虎更大。)
形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎上變化而來的,它的變化規則是:
① 一般的直接在詞尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e結尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,
③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的,先改y為i再加er,如funny - funnier
④ 雙寫最後的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter
☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應該是互相對應的可比較的東西。
典型錯誤:My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發比你更長。)
比較的兩者是我的頭發、你(整個人),那麼比較的對象就沒有可比性。
應該改為:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
六年級小升初英語知識點(四)句型專項歸類
肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小結:否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動詞be的句子則“not”加在be後面,可縮寫成“isn’t,aren’t”,但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞(do,does,did),然後在它後面加上“not”,你也可以把它們縮寫在 一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。這三個助動詞要根據人稱和時態來選擇,其中“does”只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況,而“did”只用於一般過去時,不論主語是什麼人 稱和數,都用“did” 。
3、一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用“yes”,或“no”來回答。如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).
Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
☆注意☆ 小結:一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎上,
①把動詞be調到首位,其他照寫,末尾標點符號變成問號即可。
②沒有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞(do,does,did)再把緊跟在後面的動詞變回原形,末尾標點符號變成問號即可。
這三個助動詞也要根據人稱和時態來選擇,其中“does”只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況,而“did”只用於一般過去時,不論主語是什麼人稱 和數,都用“did” 。一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致,即問句里的第一個單詞(助動詞)和簡略答句里的這個詞是一致的。
4、特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該問什麼就答什麼,不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如:
What is this? It’s a computer.
What does he do? He’s a doctor.
Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.
Which season do you like best? Summer.
When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.
Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.
Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.
How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.
How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問片語用來提問,如: how many(多少(數量)), how much(多少(錢)), how tall(多高), how long(多長), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)
例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.
How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.
How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.
☆小結:how many 用來提問可數名詞的數量,主要有以上三種句式搭配,
How many + 名詞復數 + do you have? 你有多少……?
How many + 名詞復數 + can you see? 你能看見多少……?
How many + 名詞復數 + are there…? 有多少……?