1. 專升本考試：大學英語語法復習重點
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一. 虛擬語氣
1.She would have come if we invited her.
這是與過去事實相反的虛擬假設，從句應該用過去完成時。所以在 we 後加 had.
2.My suggestion is that we would send a few people to help them.
suggestion 的表語從句也應用虛擬語氣，必須用should加動詞原形，should可以省略。此處去掉would 或把would 改為should。
3.The secretary wishes that she has time to type the letter now.
wish 後的時態應該把真實時態往後推一個時態，所以把has改為had。
4.It』s time that we go to bed.
句式為It』s time sb did sth 所以把 go 改為 went。
5.I would rather you have another try tomorrow.
片語為would rather sb did sth. 所以把have改為had。
二. there be句式
6.There are a bag and several books on the table.
There be 句式遵循謂語動詞就近原則，a bag為單數，所以把are改為is。
7.There were several people stood at the back of the room.
There be句式的謂語動詞為be動詞，句中其他的動詞應為非謂語動詞。所以把stood改為standing.
三. 修飾語在句中的位置不當
8.We almost have written twenty compositions this term.
像almost這樣的副詞在句中放在助動詞、be動詞之後，實意動詞之前。因此把almost放在have後面。
9.The girl has beautiful, silky hair who lives high in the mountains.
定語從句應緊跟先行詞，所以改為：The girl, who lives high in the mountains, has beautiful, silky hair.
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2. 大學英語六級基礎語法知識：虛擬語氣
大學英語六級基礎語法知識1. 表示現在/過去/將來情況的虛擬條件句
虛擬條件句主要有三種結構：
1)表示與現在情況相反：主句謂語用“would / could / might +動詞原形”，從句謂語用“動詞的一般過去時”(動詞be的過去式一律用were)。
If I were you, I would not accept his offer.
If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you.
2) 表示與過去情況相反：主句謂語用“would / could / might + have +過去分詞”，從句謂語用過去完成時。
If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train.
If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam.
3) 表示與將來情況相反：主句謂語用“would / could / might +動詞原形”，從句謂語用“were +動詞不定式”或“should +動詞原形”。
If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study.
If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out with you.
大學英語六級基礎語法知識2. 虛擬條件句連接詞if的省略
如果虛擬條件句的從句中含有were, had, should, could等詞時，可以省略連接詞if，但這時必須把were, had, should, could等詞移到主語前面，形成倒裝。這種句型主要用於書面形式。
Were I to do the job, I would finish doing it within two weeks.
Had it not been for his help, we couldn’t have arrived there on time.
Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
3. wish後賓語從句中的謂語構成
動詞wish後的賓語從句表示未實現的或不可能實現的願望，其賓語從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，有以下三種構成形式。
1) 表示現在不可能實現的願望，賓語從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時。(be的過去式為were)。
I wish I had enough money to buy a car.
I wish I were as young and energetic as you.
2) 表示過去未能實現的願望，賓語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時(had +過去分詞)或“would / could + have +過去分詞 ”。
I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.
I wish I could have done it better.
3) 表示將來不可能實現的願望，賓語從句中的謂語動詞用“would / should (could, might) +動詞原形”。
I wish I would not get old.
I wish I could travel around the world one day.
大學英語六級基礎語法知識4. 某些動詞後的賓語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣
在一些動詞後面的賓語從句中，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。這時，謂語動詞用動詞原形或should +動詞原形。這類動詞一般表示命令，要求，決定，建議，主張等概念，主要有：advise, ask, command, decide, demand, desire, direct, insist, move, order, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest,等。
The workers demanded that their wages (should) be raised by 10 per cent.
The teacher decided that you do the experiment first.
5. 某些名詞後的表語從句和同位語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣
在一些名詞後面的表語從句和同位語從句中，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。這時，謂語動詞用動詞原形或should +動詞原形。這類名詞一般表示命令，要求，決定，建議，主張等概念，主要有：advice, idea, instruction, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion,等。
My suggestion is that we (should) send for a doctor immediately.
He gave the order that they (should) do the experiment again.
大學英語六級基礎語法知識6. 錯綜時間條件句
條件從句表示的動作和主句表示的動作，有時發生的時間是不一致的.如從句是對過去情況的假設，而主句可能是對現在正在進行情況的假設。 這種句子稱為錯綜時間條件句.
If the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing still better.
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