⑴ 英語語法知識點歸納
1、人稱代詞的用法
1人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語或主語補語，例如：
．
約翰等了一會兒，最後他回家了。
．
約翰希望那位乘客是瑪麗，還真是她。
說明：在復合句中，如果主句和從句主語相同，代詞主語要用在從句中，名詞主語用在主句中，例如：
Whenhearrived，Johnwentstraighttothebank．
約翰一到就直接去銀行了。
2、並列人稱代詞的排列順序
單數人稱代詞並列作主語時，其順序為：
第二人稱 －> 第三人稱 －> 第一人稱
3、復數人稱代詞作主語時，其順序為：
第一人稱 －> 第二人稱 － > 第三人稱
we－>you －>They
注意：在下列情況中，第一人稱放在前面。
a．在承認錯誤，承擔責任時，
ItwasIandJohnthatmadeherangry．
是我和約翰惹她生氣了。
b．在長輩對晚輩，長官對下屬說話時，如長官為第一人稱，如：Iandyoutrytofinishit．
c．並列主語只有第一人稱和第三人稱時，
d．當其他人稱代詞或名詞被定語從句修飾時。
4、物主代詞
物主代詞既有表示所屬的作用又有指代作用，例如：
Johnhadcuthisfinger；．
約翰割破了手指，顯而易見，他桌子上有個破玻璃杯。
物主代詞有形容詞性（my，your等）和名詞性（mine，yours等）兩種，形容詞性的物主代詞屬於限定詞。名詞性的物主代詞在用法上相當於省略了中心名詞的－－＇s屬格結構，例如：
Jack＇scap意為ThecapisJack＇s．
Hiscap意為Thecapishis．
5、名詞性物主代詞的句法功能
a．作主語，例如：
MayIuseyourpen？Yoursworksbetter．
我可以用一用你的鋼筆嗎？你的比我的好用。
b．作賓語，例如：
．
我愛我的祖國就像你愛你的祖國一樣深。
c．作介詞賓語，例如：
，notinyours．
你應當按我所用的詞義去解釋我說的話，而不能按你自己的意義去解釋。
d．作主語補語，例如：
ThelifeIhaveisyours．It＇syours．It＇syours．我的生命屬於你，屬於你，屬於你。
⑵ 九年級上冊人教版英語語言點及如何運用
Unit 1
一、知識點
1.Check in : 在旅館的登記入住。 Check out: 在旅館結賬離開。
2.By: ①通過…..方式（途徑）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.
②在…..旁邊。例：by the window/the door
③乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car
④在……之前，到……為止。例：by October在10月前
⑤被 例：English is spoken by many people.
3.how與what的區別：
how通常對方式或程度提問，意思有：怎麼樣 如何，通常用來做狀語、表語。
what通常對動作的發出者或接受者提問，意思為 什麼，通常做賓語，主語。
①How is your summer holiday? It』s OK.(how表示程度 做表語)
②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air.
③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.
① What…think of…? How…like…?
② What…do with…? How…deal with…?
③ What…like about…? How…like…?
④ What』s the weather like today? How』s the weather today?
⑤ What to do? How to do it?
e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book?
I don』t know what I should do with the matter.=I don』t know how I should deal with it.
What do you like about China?=How do you like China?
I don』t know what to do next step?=I don』t know how to do it next step?
㊣ What good / bad weather it is today!（weather為不可數名詞，其前不能加 a ）
㊣ What a fine / bad day it is today! （day為可數名詞，其前要加 a ）
4. aloud, loud與loudly的用法 : 三個詞都與"大聲"或"響亮"有關。
①aloud是副詞,重點在出聲能讓人聽見,但聲音不一定很大,
常用在讀書或說話上。通常放在動詞之後。aloud沒有比較級形式。
如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗讀那篇故事給他兒子聽。
②loud可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時,常與speak, talk, laugh等動詞連用,多用於比較級,須放在動詞之後。如:
She told us to speak a little louder. 她讓我們說大聲一點。
③loudly是副詞,與loud同義,有時兩者可替換使用,但往往
含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思,可位於動詞之前或之後。如:
He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不當眾大聲談笑。
5. voice 指人的嗓音 也指鳥鳴。
sound 指人可以聽到的各種聲音。
noise 指噪音、吵鬧聲
6. find + 賓語 + 賓補（名詞 形容詞 介詞短語 分詞等）
例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden.
We found him in bed. He found the window closed.
We found her honest.
7. 常見的系動詞有：
①是：am 、is、 are
②保持：keep、 stay
③ 轉變：become、 get、 turn
④ ……起來 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound
8. get + 賓語+賓補（形容詞 過去分詞 動詞不定式） 使某種情況發生
例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦乾凈
Get Mr. Green to come. 讓格林先生進來
I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行車
You can』t get him waiting. 你不能讓他老等著
9. 動詞不定式做定語
①與所修飾的名詞構成主謂關系
The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to come.
②與所修飾的名詞構成動賓關系
I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with.
I need some paper to write on. I don』t have a room to live in.
10. practice , fun 做名詞為不可數名詞
11. add 補充說 又說
12. join 加入某團體 並成為其中一員 attend 出席參加會議或講座
join in與take part in指參加到某項活動中去。
13.all、 both、 always以及every復合詞與not連用構成部分否定。其完全否定為：all---none, both---neither, everything---nothing, everybody---nobody.
14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth.害怕 be afraid of being alone
be afraid to do sth.害怕
be afraid that恐怕擔心，表示委婉語氣
15.either：①放在否定句末表示「也」
②兩者中的「任一」
③either…or…或者…或者.…引導主語部分，謂語動詞按照就近原則
16.complete完成，是個較正式的詞，後不能接動名詞
finish指日常事物的完成
17.a,an 與序數詞連用表示「又一」，「再一」。
例：Please give me a second apple. There comes a fifth girl.
18.have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing….. 干…..遇到麻煩，困難
19.unless 除非，如果不，等於「if not」本身就表示否定，引導條件狀語從句，主句為將來時，條件狀語從句用一般現在時表示將來。
例：My baby sister doesn』t cry unless she』s hungry.
=My baby sister doesn』t cry if she isn』t hungry.
Unless you take more care, you』ll have an accident.
如果你不多加小心的話，你會出事的。
20.instead: adv. 代替，更換。
例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？
我們沒有咖啡了，改喝茶好嗎？
It will take days by car, so let』s fly instead.
開車去要好幾天呢，咱們還是坐飛機吧。
Tom was ill, so I went instead.湯姆病了，所以換了我去。
instead of doing sth. 作為某人或某事物的替換
例：Let』s play cards instead of watching TV.
We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.
Give me the red one instead of the green one.
21.spoken 口頭的，口語的。spoken English 口頭英語
speaking 講話的，說某種語言的。Speaking skills講英語的能力
Unit 2
一、知識點
1. used to 過去常常做某事,暗指現在已經不存在的動作或狀態. 後跟動詞原形. used to do sth.
There used to be ….（反意疑問句）didn』t there?
否定形式為: didn』t use to 或 usedn』t to
疑問形式為: Did…use to…? 或 Used…to…?
be/get used to doing sth.習慣於, to 為介詞.
2. wear 表示狀態. =be in +顏色的詞
put on 表示動作.
dress + 人 給某人穿衣服.dress sb. / oneself
have on表示狀態（不用於進行時態）
3. on the swim team on 是…的成員,在…供職.
4. Don』t you remember me? 否定疑問句.（考點）
Yes, I do. 不, 我記得. No, I don』t 是的, 我不記得了.
5. 反意疑問句:
① 陳述部分的主語為 this, that, 疑問部分主語用it; 陳述部分主語用 these, those, 疑問部分用they 做主語.
例: This is a new story, isn』t it?
Those are your parents, aren』t they?
② 陳述部分是 there be 結構, 疑問部分仍用 there
例: There was a man named Paul, wasn』t there?
③ I am 後的疑問句, 用aren』t I
例: I am in Class 2, aren』t I?
④ 陳述部分與含有 not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none 等詞時,疑問部分用肯定.
例: Few people liked this movie, didn』t they?
但陳述句中若帶有否定前綴或後綴的單詞時, 這個句子仍視為肯定, 後面仍用否定.
例: Your sister is unhappy, isn』t she?
⑤ 陳述部分的主語若為不定式或 V-ing 短語, 疑問部分主語用it.
例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isn』t it?
⑥ 陳述句中主語是 nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代詞時,疑問部分用they做主語; 若陳述部分主語是 something, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代詞時, 疑問部分用it 做主語.
例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they?
Everything seems perfect, doesn』t it?
⑦ 當主語是第一人稱I時, 若謂動為think, believe, guess 等詞時, 且其後跟賓叢,這時疑問句部分的人稱, 時態要與賓語從句保持一致, 同時還要考慮否定轉移.
例: I don』t think he can finish the work in time, can he?
⑧ 前面是祈使句, 後用 will you? (let』s 開頭時, 後用shall we?)
6. be terrified of 害怕的程度比 be afraid of 深.
7. miss: ① 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days.
② 錯過, 未中, 未趕上, 未找到.
例: It』s a pity that you miss the bus.
The boy shot at the goal, but missed.
8. no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾) 指次數;
no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指時間.
9. right: ① adj. 正確的, 右邊的② n. 右方, 權利③ adv. 直接地.
10. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot.
11. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常與can, be able to 連用.
例: Can you afford a new car?
The film couldn』t afford to pay such large salaries.
12. as well as 連詞, 不但…而且… 強調前者. (若引導主語, 謂動與前者在人稱和數上一致
例: Living things need air and light as well as water.
生命不僅需要水, 還需要空氣和陽光.
I as well as they am ready to help you.
不僅是他們, 我也願意幫助你.
13. alone = by oneself 獨自一人. lonely 孤獨的, 寂寞的.
14. in the last/past + 一段時間
ring the last/past + 一段時間 與現在完成時連用.
15. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的)
16. play the piano彈鋼琴
17. ①be/ become interested in sth. 對…感興趣
②be interested in doing sth. 對做…感興趣
③show great interest in 在……方面產生極大的興趣
④a place of interest 一處名勝 some places of interest
如：He is interested in math, but he isn』t interested in speaking
English. 他對數學感興趣，但是他對說英語不感興趣。
⑤ interested adj. 感興趣的，指人對某事物感興趣，往往主語是人
⑥ interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主語往往是物
⑦ an interesting book / man
18. 害怕… be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog.
be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking.
19. on 副詞，表示（電燈、電視、機械等）在運轉中/打開，
其反義詞off. with the light on 燈開著
20. walk to somewhere 步行到某處 walk to school 步行到學校
21.spend 動詞，表示「花費金錢、時間」
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花費（金錢、時間）
②spend…doing sth. 花費（金錢、時間）去做某事如：
He spends too much time on clothes. 他花費太多的時間在衣著
He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花費了三個月去建這座橋。
pay for 花費
如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元買這本書。
take動詞 有「花費」的意思常用的結構有：
It take(s) sb. … to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book.
22. chat with sb. 與某人閑聊如：I like to chat with him.
我喜歡和他聊天。
23. worry about sb./ sth. 擔心某人/某事worry 是動詞
be worried about sb./sth. 擔心某人/某事worried 是形容詞
如：Don』t worry about him. 不用擔心他。
Mother is worried about her son. 媽媽擔心他的兒子。
24. all the time 一直、始終
25. take sb. to + 地方送/帶某人去某個地方如：
A person took him to the hospital. 一個人把他送到了醫院。
Lui took me home. 劉把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to)
26. hardly adv. 幾乎不、沒有 hard 困難的；猛烈地
hardly ever 很少
hardly 修飾動詞時，通常放在助動詞、情態動詞之後，實義
動詞之前助動詞/情態動詞＋hardly
hardly + 實義動詞如：
I can hardly understand them. 我幾乎不能夠明白他們。
I hardly have time to do it. 我幾乎沒有時間去做了。
It rains hard outside, I could hardly go out.
27. in the last few years. 在過去的幾年內常與完成時連用如：
I have lived in China in the last few years. 在過去的幾年內我在中國住。
28. be different from 與…不同
29. how to swim 怎樣游泳
不定式與疑問詞連用：動詞不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引導的疑問句連用，構成不定工短語。如：
The question is when to start. 問題是什麼時候開始。
I don』t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。
30. make sb./ sth. + 形容詞make you happy
make sb./ sth. + 動詞原形 make him laugh
31. move to +地方搬到某地如：I moved to Beijing last year.
32.It seems that +從句看起來好像……如：
It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起來他好像變了許多。
33. help sb. with sth. 幫某人某事
help sb. (to ) do sth. 幫某人做某事
Unit 3
一、知識點
①英語有兩種語態：主動語態和補動語態
主動語態表示是動作的執行者
被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者
Cats eat fish. （主動語態）貓吃魚。
Fish is eaten by cats.(被動語態)魚被貓吃。
②被動語態的構成
由「助動詞be ＋及物動詞的過去分詞」構成
助動詞be 有人稱、數和時態的變化，其變化規則與be 作為連系動詞時完全一樣。
時態 被動語態結構 例句
一般現在 時 am
are +過去分詞
is English is spoken in many countries.
一般過去 時 was +過去分詞
were + 過去分詞 This bridge was built in 1989.
情 態
動 詞 can/should
may +be+過去分詞
must/…… The work must be done right now.
③被動語態的用法
當我們不知道誰是動作的執行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者，或者只需強調動作的承受者時，要用被動語態。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事（主動語態）如：
Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。
be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事（被動語態）如：
LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允許去欽州。
3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
讓/使（別人）做某事 get sth. done(過去分詞)
have sth. done 如：
I get my car repaired. == I have my car repaired. 我讓別人修好我的車
I want to have my hair cut. 我要理發.
4. enough 足夠
形容詞＋enough 如：beautiful enough足夠漂亮
enough＋名詞如：enough food 足夠食物
enough to 足夠…去做…如：
I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。
She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.請停止說話。
stop to do sth. 停止下來去做某事Please stop to speak. 請停下來說話。
6. 看起來好像…sb. seem to do sth. = It seems that +從句
He seems to feel very sad.
It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起來好像很傷心。
7.倒裝句:
由so＋助動詞(be/do/will/have)/情態動詞＋主語意為：…也是一樣
Neither/Nor + be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞+主語(前為否定) 表示與前面所述事實一致.
She is a student. So am I.她是一個學生，我也是。
She went to school just now. So did I . 她剛才去學校了，我也是
She has finished the work. So have I . 她已經完成了工作,我也完成了。
She will go to school. So will he.她將去學校，他也是。
Tom can』t swim. Neither can John.
8. yet 仍然，還常用在否定句或疑問句當中 可與although/though連用
9. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我經常熬夜到12點。
10. clean up 打掃整理如：
I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已經打掃完了卧室。
11. 程度副詞：
always總是 usually經常 sometimes有時 never從不
如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.
我總是/經常/有時/從不上學遲到。
12. 曾經做某事：
Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don』t.
Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven』t.
13. go shopping(去購物), go fishing(去釣魚)
go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船)
go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)
14. .be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.
例: The head teacher is strict with his students
He is strict in the work.
15. take the test 參加考試
pass the test 通過考試 fail a test 考試失敗
16. the other day前幾天,不久前的一天.(用於過去時)
every other day = every two days 每隔一天 （每兩天）
17. agree 同意反義詞 disagree不同意 動詞
agreement 同意反義詞 disagreement 不同意名詞
18. keep sb/ sth. ＋形容詞使某人/某物保持….如：
We should keep our city clean.（cleaningⅹ）我們應該保持我們的城市干凈。
Don』t keep me waiting for a long time.別讓我等得太久。
19. both…and…+動詞復數形式
如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.
20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向誰學習(什麼) 如：
Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英語老師學習英語
21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有機會做某事
have a chance of doing sth. 有機會做某事
如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.
22. at present 目前
23. at least 最少 at most 最多
24. 花費 take ,cost, spend , pay
It take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.
sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan.
sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.
sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.
sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.
25. have +時間段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off
off 不工作,不上班,不上學,不值班.
例: I think I』ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班.
She is off today. 她今天休息.
I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假.
They haven』t had a day off since last week. 從上周來,他們沒休息過一天.
26. reply to 答復某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen.
27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意見 如：I agree to LiLei.
⑶ 鑻辮錛氬悕璇嶅彞娉曚綔鐢錛堝洓縐嶃侀檮渚嬪彞錛
1. 鍦ㄥ彞涓浣滀富璇
This book is very useful. 榪欐湰涔﹀緢鏈夌敤銆
Mary is to meet you at the airport. 鐜涗附灝嗗湪鏈哄満鎺ヤ綘銆
2. 浣滆〃璇
My brother is a worker. 鎴戝紵寮熸槸涓宸ヤ漢She is a writer. 濂規槸涓浣滃躲
3. 浣滃捐鎴栧捐ˉ
He finished his task on time. 浠栨寜鏃跺畬鎴愪簡浠栫殑浠誨姟銆
We made Tom our monitor. 鎴戜滑閫夋堡濮嗕負鎴戜滑鐨勭彮闀褲
4. 浣滃畾璇
He got three gold medals at 23rd Olympic Games. 浠栧湪絎浜屽嶮涓夊眾濂ヨ繍浼氫笂鍙栧緱浜嗕笁鍧楅噾鐗屻傛敞錛氬悕璇嶄綔瀹氳淇楗板悕璇嶏紝閫氬父琛ㄧず浜嬬墿鐨勫睘鎬с佹湰璐ㄧ壒寰併佸唴瀹廣佹潗鏂欍佺洰鐨勭瓑銆傝繖浜涘艦瀹硅瘝鍖栫殑鍚嶈瘝涓庡艦瀹硅瘝浣滃畾璇鍦ㄨ涔変笂鏈変竴瀹氱殑鍖哄埆銆傚傦細rain drops 闆ㄧ偣
a golden medal 閲戣壊鐨勫栫墝錛堥滆壊錛岄潪鏉愭枡錛
a gold medal 閲戠墝錛堣川鍦版潗鏂欎負閲戝瓙錛
a colourful dress 鑹插僵椴滆壋鐨勫コ瑁咃紙浠呮寚棰滆壊錛
a colour film 褰╄壊鐢靛獎錛堝睘鎬т負褰╄壊鐨勶級
a coffee cup 鍜栧暋鏉痑 letter box 淇＄盿 vegetable field 鑿滃湴a car factory 奼借濺鍘5. 浣滅姸璇
The meeting lasted two hours. 浼氳鎸佺畫浜嗕袱涓灝忔椂銆
Wait a moment. 絳変竴浼氬効銆
He was late for class this morning. 浠婂ぉ鏃╂櫒浠栦笂璇捐繜鍒頒簡銆
6. 浣滃悓浣嶈
Mr. Smith, our leader, is speaking now. 鍙插瘑鏂鍏堢敓錛屾垜浠鐨勯嗗礆紝姝ｅ湪璁茶瘽銆
We students should study hard. 鎴戜滑瀛︾敓搴旇ュ姫鍔涘︿範銆
7. 浣滅О鍛艱
Come here, Mary. 鐜涗附錛屽埌榪欏効鏉ャ
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. 濂沖＋浠錛屽厛鐢熶滑錛屾棭涓婂ソ銆