❶ 七年級上冊英語知識點歸納,急要
初一英語上學期期中復習
【學習目標】
一、語音知識 ※1.
※2. 單詞重讀 'dinner 'kitchen 'shower 'people for'get p i'ano de'licious re'view
二、詞彙 ※ 1. 1-6單元黑體字單詞
※ 2. 片語 what about=how about …怎麼樣(認為 如何)
fall asleep=be asleep 入睡
eat up 吃光
go to bed 上床睡覺
watch TV 看電視
only child 獨生子、獨生女
wash the dishes 洗盤子
at school/home/work 在學校 / 家 / 工作
go up 起床
live with sb. 和某人住在一起
三、日常用語 §1. What's your name? My name is Mike.
§2. Are you happy? Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
§3. What's your favorite subject? My favorite subject is English.
§4. Do you like sports? Yes, I do./No, I don't.
四、語法
副詞
§1. 詞類:名詞、冠詞、形容詞、
§2. 比較等級
【知識講解】
※1. 名詞 ①表示人或事物的名稱,如 boy, clock, b ook, tree。 總的說來,名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞 兩大類。 專有名詞是個別的人、事物、地點等專有 的名稱,如: Jim, China 專有名詞的第一個字母要大寫,如:Beiji ng, New York
②名詞按其所表示的事物的性質分為可數 名詞和不可數名詞。 可數名詞:可以用數目計算,有單數和復 數兩種形式,如:an apple, two apples, a car, some cars 不可數名詞:一般無法用數目計算,沒有 復數形式,且不用不定冠詞a/an修飾, 如:water, milk, meat, tea, bread, rice
③單數名詞變復數名詞的規則如下表:
註:①少數名詞的復數是不規則的,如: man→men woman→women child→chil dren ②表示民族的名詞,有的在詞尾加 s , 如: an American→three Americans ③有的單、復數形式相同,如: a Chine se→four Chinese a sheep→three sheep a deer→five deer
※2. 冠詞 冠詞是一種虛詞,不能單獨使用,只能和 一個名詞一起使用,並幫助說明此名詞。 冠詞有兩類,即定冠詞the 和不定冠詞a/an。 ①不定冠詞 常表示「一」的概念,有兩種 形式:a和an。a用在輔音音素開頭的單 數可數名詞前,如:a book, a pen;an 用在母音音素開頭的名詞前,如:an ap ple,an orange,an egg。
②定冠詞the 常表示「這個」「那個」「這些」「 那些」的概念,the在母音 音素前讀,在 輔音音素前讀 ,如:the moon, the eveni ng。 eg. ①-Do you have an English book? -Yes, but the English book is broken.
② There is a chicken in the picture.
③ We can't see the sun at night.
④ The Browns are going to the park this Sunday.
⑤ Shanghai is in the east of China.
※3. 形容詞 用來修飾名詞,表示人或事物的特徵,在 句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補足語。 如: It's a sunny day today. Let's go to t he park. This book is good. It's very nice of you to help us.
常見形容詞的同義詞與近義詞: large→big 大的 glad→happy/pleased 高興的 clever→bright 聰明的 ill→sick 病的 fine→well 好的
常見形容詞的反義詞和對應詞: bad(壞的)→good(好的) big(大的)→small(小的) busy(忙的)→ free(空閑的) dry(乾的)→wet(濕的) same(相同的)→different(不同的) empty(空的)→full(滿的) cold(寒冷的)→hot(熱的) open(開著的)→closed(關閉的) poor(窮的)→rich(富的)
※4. 副詞 用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句 ,在句中作狀語或表語。 eg. Now he is back in New York again. 現在他又回到了紐約。 Mike is a good student. He often does hi s homework carefully.
副詞一般分為七大類: ①時間副詞: now, often, then, early, ag o, before ②地點副詞: here, there, out, above, up, down ③方式副詞: hard, well, badly, fast, slo wly ④程度副詞: very, much, still, almost, t oo, so ⑤疑問副詞: how, when, why, where ⑥關系副詞: when, where, why ⑦連接副詞: now, where, why
often 等表示「頻率」的時間副詞,總被放 在句子中間,又稱「中置副詞」。這類副詞 有 always(總是)、 usually(通常)、 sometimes(有時)、ever(曾經)、
ver(從不)等。 「中置」規律: ①放在單個的 be 動詞之後; ②放在單個實義動詞之前; ③謂語動詞為多個詞時,放在第一個助動 詞或情態動詞之後。 如: You are always late for school. 你 總是上學遲到。 I usually go to school by bike. I never see that book. He often helps other students. He goes to work on foot sometimes.
※5. 比較等級 在進行比較的時候,形容詞和副詞有原級 、比較級和最高級三種形式。 規則形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級加 -er或-est。 (1)不規則變化的形容詞和副詞如下: →better→best
→wors →worst
(許多)many/much→more→most (幾乎沒有)little→less→least (遠的)far→farther→farthest (老的,舊的)old
(2)三種句型 ① 原級句型: as+形容詞/副詞+as,表示「和…一樣」; 否定句式:not as/so +形容詞/副詞+a s,表示「和…不一樣」。 eg. I think Kate does just as well as Ann. If you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can. I don't like the film. It's not so interestin g as that one.
② 比較級句型: a. 主語+謂語+比較級+than+其它, 表示「較…一些」。 eg. This city is more beautiful than that one. It is hotter today than yesterday. He is a much nicer worker.
b. 比較級+and+比較級,more and mo re+原級,表示「越來越…」,說明本身程 度的改變。 eg. The world's population is growing fa ster and faster. 世界人口增長得越來越快。 more and more beautiful 越來越漂亮
c. the+比較級, the+比較級,表示「越… 就越…」,說明隨著前邊條件的變化,後 邊的結果也發生變化。 eg. The more she eats, the fatter she'll b e. 她吃得越多就會越胖。 The more, the better. 越多越好。
③ 最高級句型: 主語+謂語+(the)形容詞或副詞的最 高級+in/of 註:最高級前一般要用the,如: He is t he most careful student. 但在副詞最高級前the可以省去,如:He writes(the)most carefully in his class . This kind of cake is the most delicious. I like English best. Mike is the youngest in his class. He runs fastest.
初一英語上冊專題重點動詞 一、be動詞 1. 根據人稱的不同,be動詞有三種基本 形式,分別為am,is和are。am用於單 數第一人稱(I);is用於單數第三人稱(he ,she,it);are用於第二人稱和復數第一 ,二,三人稱(we,you,they)。 例:I am fifteen years old. 我十五歲了。 You are my friend forever. 你永遠是我的朋友。 He is a hard-working student. 他是一個刻苦努力的學生。 The students are reading books in the cl assroom. 學生們都在教室里讀書。
2. be動詞的否定形式直接在後面加not. I am not fifteen years old. He is not a hard-working student. The students are not reading books in t he classroom.
3. 把be動詞的肯定句變成疑問則要直接 把動詞be提到句首,變型如下: Are you fifteen years old? Is he a hard-working student? Are the students reading books in the cl assroom?
二. 行為動詞 1. match v. 相稱;匹配 ● match. . . with. . . e. g. Match the words with the pictures ,please. 請把單詞和圖畫相搭配。
2. practise v. 練習 ●practise doing sth. 練習做。。。 e. g. He practices speaking English ever y day. 他每天都練習讀英語。
3. welcome v. 歡迎. ● welcome sb. to sp. e. g. Please welcome Betty and Tony to our school. 歡迎貝蒂和托尼來我們學校。
4. invite v. 邀請 ● invite sb. to do sth. e.g. Tom invites me to go to the concert with him on Saturday. 湯姆邀請我跟他周六一起去參加音樂會。 ● invite sb. to sp. e. g. Daming invites Tony to the cinema. 大明邀請托尼去看電影。 ● invitation(n. ) send an invitation to sb. 對某人發出邀請
5. ask v. 請求 ● ask sb. to do sth. e. g. Tony asks Daming to go to a baske tball match. 托尼叫大明一起去看籃球賽。
6. have v. 有 ● have lessons上課 ● have a rest 休息 ● have a look at sth. 看看... ● have dinner 吃飯 ● have a good time 玩的開心 ● have a break 課間休息 ● have a party 舉辦聚會 e. g. We have three lessons in the morni ng. 我們早上有三節課。 At eleven o'clock,we have a break and I talk with my friends. 11點我們課間休息,我和我的朋友們聊 天。 In the evening,we watch TV and have dinner. I do my homework and go to bed at ten o'clock. 晚上,我們看電視並且吃晚飯。我做作業 然後十點上床睡覺。
7. send v. 發送 ● send sb sth(send sth. to sb. ) e. g. We usually send him a birthday car d. 我們經常送給他一張生日卡片。
8. make v. 製作。 ● make sth. for sb. e. g. And we often make a cake for his bi rthday. 我們經常為他的生日做一個生日蛋糕。 ● make travel plans on the Internet e. g. Do you often make travel plans on t he Internet? 你們經常在網上制定旅遊計劃么? ● make a trip to the zoo e. g. Let's make a trip to the zoo. 讓我們一起去動物園吧。
9. like v. 喜歡 ● like doing sth. e. g. Daming's uncle likes reading and h e reads a lot of books. 大明的叔叔喜歡閱讀,並且他經常讀很多 書。 ● would like sth/to do sth. e. g. Would you like to go to the cinema with Betty and me? 你願意跟我和貝蒂一起去電影院么? Would you like some tea? 你想來點茶葉么?
10. talk v. 談話 ● talk to (with) sb. e. g. I often talk to my friends on the pho ne. 我經常跟我的朋友打電話。 ● talk about sth. e. g. I often talk about our favorite singe rs with my best friends after school. 我經常在課後跟我最要好的朋友們談論我 們喜歡的歌星。
11. stay v. 停留 ● stay at home e. g. Let's stay at home and watch TV. 讓我們留在家裡看電視。 ● stay healthy e. g. Mr. and Mrs. Brown do lots of sport s and stay healthy. 布朗先生和布朗太太做很多運動,保持健 康。
12. visit v. 參觀 ● visit sb/sp. e. g. Welcome to Beijing Zoo. Sixteen th ousand people visit it every year. 歡迎來到北京動物園。每年有16000人在 此參觀。
三. 情態動詞can 情態動詞特點: 1)後面加動詞原型。
2)否定句和疑問句不需要藉助助動詞構成 。 e. g. I can play basketball. Can you? 我會打籃球,你會么? That can't be our teacher:our teacher i s in her office right now. 那不會是我們老師,我們的老師現在正在 辦公室呢。
動詞練習 一. 用適當的介詞填空。 1. Can you match the words _______ the pictures? 2. Let's welcome the foreign friends ____ ___ our country. 3. I want to invite my sister ______ my ho me. 4. Let's have a party and I will send lots of invitations __ my friends. 5. Can I have a look ___________ your ne w watch?
6. It's Father's Day tomorrow, and I will send a present _____ my father. 7. Can you make a cake _____ me? 8. My parents always buy a birthday cak e _____ me ____ my birthday. 9. She usually buys CD _____ her favorit e singers. 10. I often talk __ my mother on the pho ne.
11. Let's stay _____ home and watch TV. 12. I usually download music _____ the I nternet. 13. I am a writer and I write my novels _ ______ my computers. 14. I listen _____ music every day. 15. The polar bear comes ______ the Arc tic.
16. He often writes _____ his friends. 17. Every day I often talk_____ my parent s_____ the interesting things in school. 18. On my birthday, I get lots of present s _____ my family and friends. 19. Who switch______ the lights? It's so dark in the room, let me switch them
二、用所給動詞適當形式填空。 1. Daming ________ (be) in Class Two. 2. Lingling and Daming _____ (be) good f riends. 3. Lingling with Daming _____ (be) at sc hool now. 4. He can ____ (speak) English. 5. We can _____ (play) basketball and __ ____ (swim).
6. Tony _____ (ride) a bike to school ever y day. 7. Lucy and Lily sometimes _____ (do) th eir homework at school. 8. I want _____ (invite) Lily ____ (see)a fil m with me after class. 9. I ask my mother _____ (choose) a boo k for me. 10. What about _____ ( have ) a birthday party?
11. He likes ________ (play) computer ga mes and __ (play) cards at weekends. 12. Let Lingling ______ (watch) TV with me, please. 13. How about______ (go) swimming on Sunday? 14. I would like _____ (have) dinner with you tomorrow. 15. Let's go and ______ (see) a panda.
三、時態填空。 1. We often _______ (play) in the playgro und. 2. He _____ (get) up at six o'clock. 3. _____ you _____ (brush) your teeth eve ry morning. 4. What ________ (do) he usually______ (d o) after school? 5. Danny _____ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
6. Mike sometimes _____ (go) to the par k with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she _____ (watch) TV with his parents. 8. _____ Mike ______ (read) English every day? 9. How many lessons ____ your classma te _____ (have) on Monday? 10. What time _____ his mother _____ (do ) the housework?
四. 按要求修改句子。 1. Do you often play basketball after sch ool? (肯定回答) 2. I have a lot of books. (改為否定句) 3. Betty's mother likes playing table ten nis. (改為否定句) 4. She lives in a town near New York. ( 改為一般疑問句) 5. I watch TV every day. (改為一般疑問 句)
6. Tom has got a goal. (改為一般疑問句) 7. We have Chinese lessons in the after noon. (否定句) 8. Nancy doesn't run fast. (肯定句) 9. My dog runs fast. 否定句 10. Mike has two letters for him. 一般疑問句: 否定句:
練習參考答案: 一、用適當的介詞填空。 1. with 2. to 3. to 4. to 5. at 6. to 7. for 8. for, on 9. by 10. to(with) ll. at 12.
❷ 七年級英語考試知識點總結
對於英語,我們需要把陌生的單詞片語和句型語法不斷的熟悉和熟練。因此,重復重復再重復,熟練熟練再熟練,是學會英語的不二法門。下面是我給大家整理的一些 七年級英語 的知識點,希望對大家有所幫助。
七年級英語知識點
一般疑問句及特殊疑問句
1、一般疑問句:能用Yes或No來回答的問句。一般疑問句句尾讀升調。
2、特殊疑問句:不能用Yes或No來回答的問句。特殊疑問句句尾讀降調。
六、可數名詞變復數
可數名詞變復數時,有規則變化和不規則變化兩種。
1、規則變化:
1)一般情況直接在詞尾加「-s 」,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;
2)以s, x, sh, ch結尾的詞,要在詞尾加「-es 」,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;
3)以輔音字母加y結尾的詞,變y為i再加「-es 」,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;
4)部分以f (e)結尾的詞,變f (e)為「ves 」,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;
5)以o結尾的詞,加「-s 」或「-es 」,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。記憶口訣:除了「英雄」hero外,凡是能吃的,加「-es 」,不能吃的加「-s 」。
七年級英語重要知識點
◆ 短語 歸納
1. get to school 到達學校
2. take the subway 乘地鐵
3. ride a bike 騎自行車
4. how far 多遠
5. from home to school 從家到學校
6. every day 每天
7. take the bus 乘公共汽車
8. by bike 騎自行車
9. bus stop 公共汽車站
10. think of 認為
11. between … and … 在…和…之間
12.one 11-year-old boy 一個11歲的男孩
13. play with … 和…玩
14. come true 實現
15. have to 不得不
◆用法集萃
1. take… to …= go to … by… 乘…去…
2. How do / does (sb)get to …?…是怎樣到…的?
3. How far is it from … to …?從…到…有多遠?
4. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費某人多長時間。
5. How long does it take to do sth.? …花費多長時間?
6. It is + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是….
7. Thanks for + n. / Ving 感謝你(做)某事。
◆典句必背
1. How do you get to school? I ride my bike.
2. How far is it from your home to school?
3. How long does it take you to get to school?
4. For many students, it is easy to get to school.
5. There is a very big river between their school and the village.
初一英語上冊語法重點 總結
1、名詞
A)名詞的數
我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞,而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式,但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分,復數的構成如下:
一)在後面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o結尾加s(外來詞)。如:radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
五)以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復數相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有復數,沒有單數的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數也可以是復數的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學, family家,家庭成員
九)合成的復數一般只加主要名詞,多數為後一個單詞。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的單復數意思不同。如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數, chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞
十一) 單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或』s。如:Is (I』s), Ks (K』s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
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❸ 初一英語必考知識要點歸納
很多初一的學生不知道怎麼備考英語,其實除了復習課本知識,考前復習一些必考的知識點對考試有很大的幫助。下面是我為大家整理的關於初一英語必考知識要點歸納,希望對您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學習!
初一英語必考知識
一、助動詞(do, does )的用法
只有實意動詞作謂語時才涉及使用助動詞。以like為例:
1、當 句子 為肯定句時不涉及使用助動詞,只涉及「主謂一致」原則。
eg : I like English a lot.
Michael likes Chinese food very much.
2、當句子為否定句時,要根據主語的人稱來決定使用相應的助動詞:當主語為「三單」時,要使用does;當主語為「非三單」時,用助動詞原形do。例如把下列句子變否定句:
eg : Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.
They like sports.------They don't like sports.
3、當句子變疑問句時,同樣要根據句子的主語來決定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子變問句:
eg : Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food?
Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.
Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.
二、like一詞的用法
like用作及物動詞,譯為「喜歡」。
1、後接名詞或代詞,表示喜歡某人或某物。
eg :I like the baby very much. 我非常喜歡這個小孩。
2、後接動名詞(v. -ing),表示「喜歡做某事」,著重於習慣、 愛好 。
eg :Tom likes playing football. 湯姆喜歡踢 足球 。
3、後接動詞不定式(to do ),表示「偶爾地喜歡做某事」,著重於某次具體的行為。
eg :I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜歡讀書,但我今晚想看電視。
初一英語知識重點
1) 問候語 :
Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.
How are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, thanks.
Hi! Hello! How do you do?
2)道別用語:
Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用於初次見面,see用於熟人間)
Nice to meet/ see you, too.
Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!
3)介紹人或者物的句型:This is...
4)Excuse me.與I'm sorry.的區別:
Excuse me.是要引起對方的注意,而I'm sorry.則是向對方道歉。
5)片語be from = come from
6)當問句中問到this/ that時,回答要用it;問到these/ those時,要用they來回答。 例如: What's this in English?----It's an eraser.
What are those?----They are books.
7)對Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.
8)look the same = have the same looks
give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.
be like = look like
in the tree/ on the tree (樹上結的、長出來的用on,否則用in)
in red(穿著紅色的衣服)
初一英語知識要點
1)speak的用法
speak與say不同:speak表示「說」的動作,不表示「說」的內容;say則表示「說」的內容。
speak後面除了能接「語言」外,不能直接接東西,後面加了to則表示「對......說」。
help sb. with sth.(幫助某人做/補習......)
want to do sth.(想要做某事)
would like to do sth.
not...at all(一點都不);Not at all.(沒關系/別介意)
like...a lot = like...very much
2)some和any的區別:
口訣:some用於肯定句,否定、疑問變any。例如:
I have some money.
I don't have any money.
Do you have any money?
3)have a seat = take a seat(請隨便坐)
4)祈使句(表示命令或請求的句子)
祈使句一般都省略了主語You,所以其否定句直接用Don't開頭。例如:
Don't go there!
5)問職業:
What does sb. do? What is sb.?
What's sb.'s job?
6)work與job的區別:
work是未必有報酬的「工作」,例如homework, housework;而job則一定是有報酬的「工作」。
7)on指在物體的表面,不論這個面是否水平的,例如:
on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground
8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在醫院里)
look after(照料/照顧/照看)
help oneself(請自便/隨便吃)
相關 文章 :
1. 初一英語知識點總結
2. 初一英語期末必考12個語法知識點
3. 初一英語語法知識必考的12個語法點
4. 初一英語全冊語法知識點匯總
5. 七年級英語語法知識點整理
❹ 七年級英語期中復習資料(有重點句型、每個單元的單詞、語法)
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
1.動詞be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟著他(he),她(she),它(it)。單數名詞用is,復數名詞全用are。變否定,更容易,be後not加上去。變疑問,往前提,句末問號莫丟棄。還有一條須注意,句首大寫莫忘記。
2.this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代詞,it是人稱代詞。
(2)距離說話人近的人或物用this, 距離說話人遠的人或物用that。如:
This is a flower. 這是一朵花。(近處)
That is a tree. 那是一棵樹。(遠處)
(3)放在一起的兩樣東西,先說this, 後說that。如:
This is a pen. That is a pencil. 這是一支鋼筆。那是一支鉛筆。
(4)向別人介紹某人時說This is…, 不說That is…。如:
This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 這是海倫,海倫,這是湯姆。
(5)This is 不能縮寫, 而That is可以縮寫。如:
This is a bike. That』s a car. 這是一輛自行車。那是一輛轎車。
(6)打電話時,介紹自己用this, 詢問對方用that。如:
—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐嗎?
—Yes, this is. Who』s that? 是的,我是,你是誰?穗粗
注意:雖然漢語中使用「我」和「你」,但英語中打電話時絕不可以說:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?
(7)在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時, 要用it代替this或that。如:
①—Is this a notebook? 這是筆記本嗎?
—Yes, it is. 是的,它是。
②—What』s that? 那是什麼?
—It』s a kite. 是只風箏。
3.these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代詞,these是this的復數形式,指時間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復數形式,指時間、距離較遠或前面已經提到過的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily』s bed. 這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good. 那些畫很好。
③ Are those apple trees? 那游洞些是蘋果樹嗎?
在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時,通常用they代替these或those以避免重復。如:
④Are these/those your apples? 這些(那些)是你的蘋果嗎?
Yes, they are. 是的,他們是。
4.名詞+』s所有格
單數名詞後直接加 「 』s 」:
Jim』s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff』s mother傑夫的媽媽
以s結尾的復數名詞,只加「』」
Teachers』 Day教師節 the twins』 books雙胞胎的書
不以s結尾的不規則的名詞復數,加「 』s 」
Children』s Day 兒童節 men』s shoes男式鞋
表示兩者共同擁有時,只在最後一個名詞後加』s
Lucy and Lily』s mother 露茜和莉莉的媽媽(共同的媽媽,一個媽媽)
表示兩者各自擁有時,要在每個名詞後加』s
Lucy』s and Kate』神族枯s rooms 露茜和凱特的房間(各自的房間,兩間房子)
5.There be句型
(1)There be句型主要用以表達「某處(某時)有某人(某物)。」其基本結構為「There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時)」其中there是引導詞,沒有詞義;主語是be後面的名詞, be是謂語動詞,在一般現在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。下面這首歌訣可幫你巧記there be句型結構:
There be放句首,主語跟在後。地、時放句末,強調置前頭。如:
There is a book on the desk.
有時為了強調地點,也可把介詞短語放在句首。如:
On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be句型中的be動詞如何確定呢?請先看看下面這首歌訣:
Be動詞,有三個,am,is還有are。「There be」真特別,不留am只留倆,那就是is還有are。要用is還是are,須看其後的名詞是單數還是復數。若是單數或不可數名詞用is,否則就用are。如:
①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意:如果「be」後的主語是由and連接的兩個或兩個以上的名詞,那麼be的形式要遵循「遠親不如近鄰」的原則。也就是說,「be」的形式是由與它最近的那個名詞來確定的。若那個名詞是單數或不可數名詞要用is,是復數就用are。如:
①There is a book and some pens on the floor.
②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
6.like一詞的用法
like用作及物動詞,譯為「喜歡」。
(1)後接名詞或代詞,表示喜歡某人或某物。如:
I like the baby very much. 我非常喜歡這個小孩。
(2)後接動名詞(v. -ing),表示「喜歡做某事」,著重於習慣、愛好。如:
Tom likes playing football. 湯姆喜歡踢足球。
(3)後接動詞不定式(to do ),表示「偶爾地喜歡做某事」,著重於某次具體的行為。如:
I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜歡讀書,但我今晚想看電視。
7.句子單數變復數,注意以下五要素
(1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應的復數主格人稱代詞,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。
如:She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am,is要變為are。如:
I』m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠詞a,an要去掉。如:
He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通單數名詞要變為復數形式。如:
It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代詞this,that要變為these,those。如:
This is a box. →These are boxes.
8.英語日期的表示法
英語中月份和星期名稱都是專有名詞,它們的首字母必須大寫,並且前面無需用冠詞。
用英語表示日期,其順序為月+日+年,日和年之間需用逗號隔開。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年來表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英語日期前介詞的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,則用介詞in,若具體到某一天,則需用介詞on。
9.時間的表達法
(1) 直讀式,即直接讀出時間數字
7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2) 過、差式,即幾點差幾分,幾點過幾分。(以30分為分界線)
1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two
3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小時制
6:00 a.m. 上午6點 8:20 p.m. 下午8點20分
(4)24小時制
13:00 13點鍾 22:15 22點15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)時間前通常用at.
at 5 o』clock at 7:30 p.m.
10. want用法
(1)想干什麼用want to do sth
They want to join the sports club. 他們想加入運動俱樂部。
(2)第三人稱單數作主語,want要作變化
①He wants to play basketball.
②Li Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)變疑問句,否定句要藉助助動詞do或does.
①-Do you want to play soccer ball ? -Yes , I do . / No , I don』t.
②-Does he want to go home by bus ? -Yes , he does . / No , he doesn』t
❺ 急求初一上冊英語的期中重點總結!!!我的英語最差了,給些資料讓我復習吧!要是考砸了,我要被罵的! T^
1、詞類:英語詞類分十種:
名詞、形容詞、代詞、數詞、冠詞、動詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞。
1、名詞(n.): 表示人、事物、地點或抽象概念的名稱。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.
2、代詞(pron.): 主要用來代替名詞。如:who, she, you, it .
3、形容詞(adj..):表示人或事物的性質或特徵。如:good, right, white, orange .
4、數詞(num.): 表示數目或事物的順序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
5、動詞(v.): 表示動作或狀態。如:am, is,are,have,see .
6、副詞(adv.): 修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞,說明時間、地點、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.
7、冠詞(art..):用在名詞前,幫助說明名詞。如:a, an, the.
8、介詞(prep.): 表示它後面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關系。如in, on, from, above, behind.
9、連詞(conj.): 用來連接詞、短語或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感嘆詞(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、樂等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello.
2、句子成分:英語句子成分分為七種:主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、表語、賓語補足語。
1、主語是句子所要說的人或事物,回答是「誰」或者「什麼」。通常用名詞或代詞擔任。如:I』m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)
2、謂語動詞說明主語的動作或狀態,回答「做(什麼)」。主要由動詞擔任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (傑克每天打掃房間)
3、表語在系動詞之後,說明主語的身份或特徵,回答是「什麼」或者「怎麼樣」。通常由名詞、代詞或形容詞擔任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4、賓語表示及物動詞的對象或結果,回答做的是「什麼」。通常由名詞或代詞擔任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼這個詞)
有些及物動詞帶有兩個賓語,一個指物,一個指人。指物的叫直接賓語,指人的叫間接賓語。間接賓語一般放在直接賓語的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他給我寫了一封信)
有時可把介詞to或for加在間接賓語前構成短語,放在直接賓語後面,來強調間接賓語。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他給我寫了一封信)
5、定語修飾名詞或代詞,通常由形容詞、代詞、數詞等擔任。如:
Shanghai is a big city .(上海是個大城市)
6、狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞,通常由副詞擔任。如:He works hard .(他工作努力)
7、賓語補足語用來說明賓語怎麼樣或干什麼,通常由形容詞或動詞充當。如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他們通常讓教室保持清潔) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常幫我做功課) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老師要我自學法語)
☆同位語通常緊跟在名詞、代詞後面,進一步說明它的情況。如:Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同學湯姆在哪裡?)
3、構詞法:英語構詞法主要有:合成法、派生法和轉換法。
1、合成法:如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。
2、派生法:
(1)派生名詞:①動詞+er/or ②動詞+ing ③動詞+(t)ion ④形容詞+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容詞:①名詞+y ②名詞+ful ③動詞+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩國名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious
(3)派生副詞:①形容詞+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly等等。
3、轉換法:
(1)形容詞→動詞,如:dry(乾燥的)→dry(弄乾), clean(干凈的)→clean(打掃,弄乾凈),等等。
(2)動詞→名詞,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。
(3)名詞→動詞,如:hand(手)→(傳遞),face(臉)→(面對)等等。
(4)形容詞→副詞,如:early→early, fast→fast等等。
(5)副詞→連詞,如:when(什麼時候)→(當……時候),等等。
(6)介詞→副詞,如:in(到……里)→(在裡面;在家),on(在…上)→(進行,繼續),等等。
一. 詞彙
⑴ 單詞
1. 介詞:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of
1). in表示"在……中", "在……內"。例如:
in our class 在我們班上
in my bag 在我的書包里
in the desk 在桌子里
in the classroom 在教室里
2). on 表示"在……上"。例如:
on the wall 在牆上
on the desk 在桌子上
on the blackboard 在黑板上
3). under表示"在……下"。例如:
under the tree 在樹下
under the chair 在椅子下
under the bed 在床下
4). behind表示"在……後面"。例如:
behind the door 在門後
behind the tree 在樹後
5). near表示"在……附近"。例如:
near the teacher's desk 在講桌附近
near the bed 在床附近
6). at表示"在……處"。例如:
at school 在學校
at home 在家
at the door 在門口
7). of 表示"……的"。例如:
a picture of our classroom 我們教室的一幅畫
a map of China 一張中國地圖
2. 冠詞 a / an / the:
冠詞一般位於所限定的名詞前,用來署名名詞所指的人或事物。冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。不定冠詞有兩個形式,即a和an。a用在以輔音音素開頭的詞前,如a book; an用在以母音音素開頭的字母前,如an apple.
a或an與可數名詞單數連用,泛指某類人或某物中的一個。
This is a cat.
這是一隻貓。
It's an English book.
這是一本英語書。
His father is a worker.
他的爸爸是個工人。
the既可以用在可數名詞前,也可以用在不可數名詞前,表示某個或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到過的人或事物。
Who's the boy in the hat?
戴帽子的男孩是誰呀?
------ What can you see in the classroom?
------ I can see a bag.
------ Where's the bag?
------ It's on the desk.
------- 你能在教室里看到什麼呀?
------ 我能看見一個書包。
------ 書包在哪呀?
------ 在桌子上。
3.some和any
①在肯定句中用some.例如:
There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些書。
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好書。
②在疑問句和否定句中用any。例如:
Is there any ink in your pen?你的鋼筆里有墨水嗎?
Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹嗎?
There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里沒有水。
⑵記住它們的特殊用法。
①some亦可用於表示盼望得到對方肯定的答復或表示建議、委婉請求的疑問句中,這一點我們不久就會學到。例如:
Would you like to have some apples?你想吃蘋果嗎?
②any也可用於肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:
Any one of us can do this.我們當中任何一個都能做這個。
some 和any的用法是經常出現的考點,希望大家能准確地掌握它們的用法。
4.family
family看作為一個整體時,意思是"家庭",後面的謂語動詞be用單數形式 is ;如把family看作為家庭成員時,應理解為復數,後面的謂語動詞be應用are。
My family is a big family. 我的家庭是個大家庭。
My family are all at home now. 我的家人現在都在家。
Family強調由家人組成的一個集體或強調這個集體中的成員。home指個人出生、被撫養長大的環境和居住地點。 house指"家"、"房屋",側重居住的建築本身。
His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。
My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。
He isn't at home now. 他現在不在家。
It's a picture of my family. 這是一張我全家的照片。
5. little的用法
a little dog 一隻小狗,a little boy 一個小男孩。little常用來修飾有生命的名詞。
*但little還可表示否定意義,意為"少的",加不可數名詞。
There is little time. 幾乎沒時間了。
There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。
⑵ 片語
on the desk 在桌子上
behind the chair 在椅子後
under the chair 在椅子下面
in her pencil-box 在她的鉛筆盒中
near the door 在門附近
a picture of a classroom 一個教室的圖片
look at the picture 看這張圖片
the teacher's desk 講桌
a map of China 一張中國地圖
family tree 家譜
have a seat 坐下,就坐
this way 這邊走
二. 日常用語
1. Come and meet my family.
2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.
3. Glad to meet you.
4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock / some books.
5. Can you see an orange?
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
6. Where's Shenzhen?
It's near Hong Kong.
7. Let me see.(口語)讓我想想看。
see 在這是"明白、懂了",不可譯作"看見"。例如:
8. Please have a seat.
seat表示"座位",是個名詞。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以說take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。
三. 語法
1. 名詞所有格
名詞如要表示與後面名詞的所有關系,通常用名詞所有格的形式,意為"……的"。一般有以下幾種形式:
(1). 一般情況下在詞尾加"'s"。例如:
Kate's father Kate的爸爸
my mother's friend 我媽媽的朋友
(2). 如果復數名詞以s結尾,只加"'"。例如:
Teachers' Day 教師節
The boys' game 男孩們的游戲
(3). 如果復數名詞不以s結尾,仍加"'s"。例如:
Children's Day 兒童節
Women's Day 婦女節
(4). 表示兩個或幾個共有時,所有格應加在後一個名詞上。例如:
Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房間
Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸
動物和無生命事物的名詞的所有格一般不在詞尾加"'s",而常常用介詞of的短語來表示。
a map of China 一幅中國地圖
the name of her cat 她的貓的名字
a picture of my family 我的家庭的一張照片
the door of the bedroom 卧室的門
2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用來表示說話人的請求、命令、建議、叮囑等意圖。祈使句一般不用主語,讀時用降調。為使語氣委婉、禮貌,常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾時,please前多用逗號。
(1). 祈使句肯定形式的謂語動詞一律用動詞原形。
Go and see. 去看看。
Come in, please. 請進。
(2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don't於句首。
Don't look at your books. 不要看書。
Don't play on the road. 不要在馬路上玩。
3. There be 的句子結構
There be是一個"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,
肯定句的形式為:There be + 名詞(單數或復數)+地點狀語或時間狀語。
be動詞單復數的確定,看be後邊第一個名詞,當所接主語為單數或不可數名詞時,be動詞形式為is;當所接主語為復數名詞時,be動詞為are;當be動詞後接兩個以上主語時,be動詞與最臨近主語保持數上的一致。意思為"某地有某人或某物"。如:
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一塊橡皮和兩支鋼筆。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有兩支鋼筆和一塊橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的後面加上not。
否定形式為:There be + not + (any) + 名詞+地點狀語。
There is not any cat in the room. 房間里沒貓。
There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上沒書。
(2)there be句型的疑問句就是將be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名詞+地點狀語?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture? 畫上有一隻狗嗎?
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河裡有船嗎?
---No, there aren't. 沒有。
(3)特殊疑問句:How many . . . are there (+地點狀語)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有時直接就用數字來回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少學生?
---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一個。/有九個。
(4)如果名詞是不可數名詞,用:How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 地點狀語?
How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物
❻ 七年級英語上冊知識點總結
初一英語上學期期中復習
【學習目標】
一、語音知識
※1.
※2. 單詞重讀
'dinner 'kitchen 'shower 'people for'get pi'ano de'licious re'view
二、詞彙
※ 1. 1-6單元黑體字單詞
※ 2. 片語
what about=how about …怎麼樣(認為如何)
fall asleep=be asleep 入睡
eat up 吃光
go to bed 上床睡覺
watch TV 看電視
only child 獨生子、獨生女
wash the dishes 洗盤子
at school/home/work 在學校 / 家 / 工作
go up 起床
live with sb. 和某人住在一起
三、日常用語
§1. What's your name?
My name is Mike.
§2. Are you happy?
Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
§3. What's your favorite subject?
My favorite subject is English.
§4. Do you like sports?
Yes, I do./No, I don't.
四、語法
§1. 詞類:名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞
§2. 比較等級
【知識講解】
※1. 名詞
①表示人或事物的名稱,如 boy, clock, book, tree。
總的說來,名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類。
專有名詞是個別的人、事物、地點等專有的名稱,如: Jim, China
專有名詞的第一個字母要大寫,如:Beijing, New York
②名詞按其所表示的事物的性質分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。
可數名詞:可以用數目計算,有單數和復數兩種形式,如:an apple, two apples, a car, some cars
不可數名詞:一般無法用數目計算,沒有復數形式,且不用不定冠詞a/an修飾,如:water, milk, meat, tea, bread, rice
③單數名詞變復數名詞的規則如下表:
註:①少數名詞的復數是不規則的,如: man→men woman→women child→children
②表示民族的名詞,有的在詞尾加 s ,如: an American→three Americans
③有的單、復數形式相同,如: a Chinese→four Chinese a sheep→three sheep a deer→five deer
※2. 冠詞
冠詞是一種虛詞,不能單獨使用,只能和一個名詞一起使用,並幫助說明此名詞。冠詞有兩類,即定冠詞the 和不定冠詞a/an。
①不定冠詞 常表示「一」的概念,有兩種形式:a和an。a用在輔音音素開頭的單數可數名詞前,如:a book, a pen;an用在母音音素開頭的名詞前,如:an apple,an orange,an egg。
②定冠詞the 常表示「這個」「那個」「這些」「那些」的概念,the在母音音素前讀,在輔音音素前讀 ,如:the moon, the evening。
eg. ①-Do you have an English book?
-Yes, but the English book is broken.
② There is a chicken in the picture.
③ We can't see the sun at night.
④ The Browns are going to the park this Sunday.
⑤ Shanghai is in the east of China.
※3. 形容詞
用來修飾名詞,表示人或事物的特徵,在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補足語。
如: It's a sunny day today. Let's go to the park.
This book is good.
It's very nice of you to help us.
常見形容詞的同義詞與近義詞:
large→big 大的
glad→happy/pleased 高興的
clever→bright 聰明的
ill→sick 病的
fine→well 好的
常見形容詞的反義詞和對應詞:
bad(壞的)→good(好的)
big(大的)→small(小的)
busy(忙的)→ free(空閑的)
dry(乾的)→wet(濕的)
same(相同的)→different(不同的)
empty(空的)→full(滿的)
cold(寒冷的)→hot(熱的)
open(開著的)→closed(關閉的)
poor(窮的)→rich(富的)
※4. 副詞
用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句,在句中作狀語或表語。
eg. Now he is back in New York again.
現在他又回到了紐約。
Mike is a good student. He often does his homework carefully.
副詞一般分為七大類:
①時間副詞: now, often, then, early, ago, before
②地點副詞: here, there, out, above, up, down
③方式副詞: hard, well, badly, fast, slowly
④程度副詞: very, much, still, almost, too, so
⑤疑問副詞: how, when, why, where
⑥關系副詞: when, where, why
⑦連接副詞: now, where, why
often 等表示「頻率」的時間副詞,總被放在句子中間,又稱「中置副詞」。這類副詞有 always(總是)、 usually(通常)、sometimes(有時)、ever(曾經)、never(從不)等。
「中置」規律:
①放在單個的 be 動詞之後;
②放在單個實義動詞之前;
③謂語動詞為多個詞時,放在第一個助動詞或情態動詞之後。
如: You are always late for school. 你總是上學遲到。
I usually go to school by bike.
I never see that book.
He often helps other students.
He goes to work on foot sometimes.
※5. 比較等級
在進行比較的時候,形容詞和副詞有原級、比較級和最高級三種形式。
規則形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級加 -er或-est。
(1)不規則變化的形容詞和副詞如下:
→better→best
→wors →worst
(許多)many/much→more→most
(幾乎沒有)little→less→least
(遠的)far→farther→farthest
(老的,舊的)old
(2)三種句型
① 原級句型:
as+形容詞/副詞+as,表示「和…一樣」;否定句式:not as/so +形容詞/副詞+as,表示「和…不一樣」。
eg. I think Kate does just as well as Ann.
If you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can.
I don't like the film. It's not so interesting as that one.
② 比較級句型:
a. 主語+謂語+比較級+than+其它,表示「較…一些」。
eg. This city is more beautiful than that one.
It is hotter today than yesterday.
He is a much nicer worker.
b. 比較級+and+比較級,more and more+原級,表示「越來越…」,說明本身程度的改變。
eg. The world's population is growing faster and faster.
世界人口增長得越來越快。
more and more beautiful
越來越漂亮
c. the+比較級, the+比較級,表示「越…就越…」,說明隨著前邊條件的變化,後邊的結果也發生變化。
eg. The more she eats, the fatter she'll be. 她吃得越多就會越胖。
The more, the better. 越多越好。
③ 最高級句型:
主語+謂語+(the)形容詞或副詞的最高級+in/of
註:最高級前一般要用the,如: He is the most careful student.
但在副詞最高級前the可以省去,如:He writes(the)most carefully in his class.
This kind of cake is the most delicious.
I like English best.
Mike is the youngest in his class.
He runs fastest.
初一英語上冊專題重點動詞
一、be動詞
1. 根據人稱的不同,be動詞有三種基本形式,分別為am,is和are。am用於單數第一人稱(I);is用於單數第三人稱(he,she,it);are用於第二人稱和復數第一,二,三人稱(we,you,they)。
例:I am fifteen years old.
我十五歲了。
You are my friend forever.
你永遠是我的朋友。
He is a hard-working student.
他是一個刻苦努力的學生。
The students are reading books in the classroom.
學生們都在教室里讀書。
2. be動詞的否定形式直接在後面加not.
I am not fifteen years old.
He is not a hard-working student.
The students are not reading books in the classroom.
3. 把be動詞的肯定句變成疑問則要直接把動詞be提到句首,變型如下:
Are you fifteen years old?
Is he a hard-working student?
Are the students reading books in the classroom?
二. 行為動詞
1. match v. 相稱;匹配
● match. . . with. . .
e. g. Match the words with the pictures,please.
請把單詞和圖畫相搭配。
2. practise v. 練習
●practise doing sth. 練習做。。。
e. g. He practices speaking English every day.
他每天都練習讀英語。
3. welcome v. 歡迎.
● welcome sb. to sp.
e. g. Please welcome Betty and Tony to our school.
歡迎貝蒂和托尼來我們學校。
4. invite v. 邀請
● invite sb. to do sth.
e.g. Tom invites me to go to the concert with him on Saturday.
湯姆邀請我跟他周六一起去參加音樂會。
● invite sb. to sp.
e. g. Daming invites Tony to the cinema.
大明邀請托尼去看電影。
● invitation(n. )
send an invitation to sb. 對某人發出邀請
5. ask v. 請求
● ask sb. to do sth.
e. g. Tony asks Daming to go to a basketball match.
托尼叫大明一起去看籃球賽。
6. have v. 有
● have lessons上課
● have a rest 休息
● have a look at sth. 看看...
● have dinner 吃飯
● have a good time 玩的開心
● have a break 課間休息
● have a party 舉辦聚會
e. g. We have three lessons in the morning.
我們早上有三節課。
At eleven o'clock,we have a break and I talk with my friends.
11點我們課間休息,我和我的朋友們聊天。
In the evening,we watch TV and have dinner. I do my homework and go to bed at ten o'clock.
晚上,我們看電視並且吃晚飯。我做作業然後十點上床睡覺。
7. send v. 發送
● send sb sth(send sth. to sb. )
e. g. We usually send him a birthday card.
我們經常送給他一張生日卡片。
8. make v. 製作。
● make sth. for sb.
e. g. And we often make a cake for his birthday.
我們經常為他的生日做一個生日蛋糕。
● make travel plans on the Internet
e. g. Do you often make travel plans on the Internet?
你們經常在網上制定旅遊計劃么?
● make a trip to the zoo
e. g. Let's make a trip to the zoo.
讓我們一起去動物園吧。
9. like v. 喜歡
● like doing sth.
e. g. Daming's uncle likes reading and he reads a lot of books.
大明的叔叔喜歡閱讀,並且他經常讀很多書。
● would like sth/to do sth.
e. g. Would you like to go to the cinema with Betty and me?
你願意跟我和貝蒂一起去電影院么?
Would you like some tea?
你想來點茶葉么?
10. talk v. 談話
● talk to (with) sb.
e. g. I often talk to my friends on the phone.
我經常跟我的朋友打電話。
● talk about sth.
e. g. I often talk about our favorite singers with my best friends after school.
我經常在課後跟我最要好的朋友們談論我們喜歡的歌星。
11. stay v. 停留
● stay at home
e. g. Let's stay at home and watch TV.
讓我們留在家裡看電視。
● stay healthy
e. g. Mr. and Mrs. Brown do lots of sports and stay healthy.
布朗先生和布朗太太做很多運動,保持健康。
12. visit v. 參觀
● visit sb/sp.
e. g. Welcome to Beijing Zoo. Sixteen thousand people visit it every year.
歡迎來到北京動物園。每年有16000人在此參觀。
三. 情態動詞can
情態動詞特點:
1)後面加動詞原型。
2)否定句和疑問句不需要藉助助動詞構成。
e. g. I can play basketball. Can you?
我會打籃球,你會么?
That can't be our teacher:our teacher is in her office right now.
那不會是我們老師,我們的老師現在正在辦公室呢。
動詞練習
一. 用適當的介詞填空。
1. Can you match the words _______ the pictures?
2. Let's welcome the foreign friends _______ our country.
3. I want to invite my sister ______ my home.
4. Let's have a party and I will send lots of invitations __ my friends.
5. Can I have a look ___________ your new watch?
6. It's Father's Day tomorrow, and I will send a present _____ my father.
7. Can you make a cake _____ me?
8. My parents always buy a birthday cake _____ me ____ my birthday.
9. She usually buys CD _____ her favorite singers.
10. I often talk __ my mother on the phone.
11. Let's stay _____ home and watch TV.
12. I usually download music _____ the Internet.
13. I am a writer and I write my novels _______ my computers.
14. I listen _____ music every day.
15. The polar bear comes ______ the Arctic.
16. He often writes _____ his friends.
17. Every day I often talk_____ my parents_____ the interesting things in school.
18. On my birthday, I get lots of presents _____ my family and friends.
19. Who switch______ the lights? It's so dark in the room, let me switch them
二、用所給動詞適當形式填空。
1. Daming ________ (be) in Class Two.
2. Lingling and Daming _____ (be) good friends.
3. Lingling with Daming _____ (be) at school now.
4. He can ____ (speak) English.
5. We can _____ (play) basketball and ______ (swim).
6. Tony _____ (ride) a bike to school every day.
7. Lucy and Lily sometimes _____ (do) their homework at school.
8. I want _____ (invite) Lily ____ (see)a film with me after class.
9. I ask my mother _____ (choose) a book for me.
10. What about _____ ( have ) a birthday party?
11. He likes ________ (play) computer games and __ (play) cards at weekends.
12. Let Lingling ______ (watch) TV with me, please.
13. How about______ (go) swimming on Sunday?
14. I would like _____ (have) dinner with you tomorrow.
15. Let's go and ______ (see) a panda.
三、時態填空。
1. We often _______ (play) in the playground.
2. He _____ (get) up at six o'clock.
3. _____ you _____ (brush) your teeth every morning.
4. What ________ (do) he usually______ (do) after school?
5. Danny _____ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
6. Mike sometimes _____ (go) to the park with his sister.
7. At eight at night, she _____ (watch) TV with his parents.
8. _____ Mike ______ (read) English every day?
9. How many lessons ____ your classmate _____ (have) on Monday?
10. What time _____ his mother _____ (do) the housework?
四. 按要求修改句子。
1. Do you often play basketball after school? (肯定回答)
2. I have a lot of books. (改為否定句)
3. Betty's mother likes playing table tennis. (改為否定句)
4. She lives in a town near New York. (改為一般疑問句)
5. I watch TV every day. (改為一般疑問句)
6. Tom has got a goal. (改為一般疑問句)
7. We have Chinese lessons in the afternoon. (否定句)
8. Nancy doesn't run fast. (肯定句)
9. My dog runs fast.
否定句
10. Mike has two letters for him.
一般疑問句:
否定句:
練習參考答案:
一、用適當的介詞填空。
1. with
2. to
3. to
4. to
5. at
6. to
7. for
8. for, on
9. by
10. to(with)
ll. at
12. on
13. on
14. to
15. from
16. to
17. with, about
18. from
19. off, on
二、用所給動詞適當形式填空
1. is
2. are
3. is
4. speak
5. play, swim
6. rides
7. do
8. to invite, to see
9. to choose
10. having
11. playing, playing
12. watch
13. going
14. to have
15. see
三、時態填空
1. play
2. gets
3. Do, brush
4. does do
5. studies
6. goes
7. watches
8. Does, read
9. do, have
10. does, do
四、按要求修改句子
1. Yes, we do.
2. I don't have a lot of books.
3. Betty's mother doesn't like playing table tennis.
4. Does she live in a town near New York?
5. Do you watch TV every day?
6. Has Tom got a goal?
7. We don't have Chinese lessons in the afternoon.
8. Nancy runs fast.
9. My dog doesn't run fast.
Does my dog run fast?
10. Does Mike have two letters for him?
Mike doesn't have two letters for him.
❼ 初一英語重點知識歸納總結
期中考試前知識點的整理是很重要的,下面我就大家整理一下初一英語重點知識歸納總結,僅供參考。
be動詞的用法
be動詞有三種變形,分別是:am, is, are.記憶口訣:
「我」用am, 「你」用are, is用於「他、她、它」;單數全都用is,復數全部都用are.
情態動詞can的用法
can+動詞原形,它不隨主語的人稱和數而變化。
1. 含有can的肯定句:主語+can+謂語動詞的原形+其他。
2. 含有can的否定句:主語+can't+動詞的原形+其他。
3. 變一般疑問句時,把can提前:Can+主語+動詞原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主語+can。否定回答:No,主語+can't.
4. 含有can的特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+can+主語+動詞原形+其他?
I can speak English.→I can't speak English.→Can you speak English? →What can you speak?
一般疑問句及特殊疑問句
1、一般疑問句:能用Yes或No來回答的問句.一般疑問句句尾讀升調.
2、特殊疑問句:不能用Yes或No來回答的問句.特殊疑問句句尾讀降調.
人稱及人稱代詞的不同形式(主格和賓格)
1、三種人稱:第一人稱(I, we),第二人稱(you, you),第三人稱(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人稱代詞的主格,即人稱代詞位於句子主語位置時的形態:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人稱代詞的賓格,即人稱代詞位於句子賓語位置時的形態:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容詞性物主代詞:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名詞性物主代詞:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代詞:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
簡單句的成分及主謂一致原則
最基本構成:主語+謂語+賓語,其中謂語由動詞來充當.
主謂一致原則,就是句子的謂語要始終與主語保持數量上的一致性.當主語是第三人稱單數(簡稱「三單」)時,謂語動詞也要相應變成單數形式;當主語非「三單」時,謂語動詞就用原形.實意動詞變「三單」的規則如下:
1)一般動詞在詞尾加「-s 」,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;
2)以字母s, x,ch, sh結尾的動詞加「-es 」,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;
3)以o結尾的動詞一般加「-es 」,如:do-does, go-goes等;
4)以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞,先變y為i,再加「-而是」,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;
5)have的三單形式是has.
以上就是我為大家整理的初一英語重點知識歸納總結。
❽ 跪求初一上冊外研社英語知識點總結
初一上冊英語知識重點:
I. 重點短語
I. 重點短語 1. Sit down 坐下2. on ty 值日3. in English 用英語4. have a seat 一個座位5. at home 在家6. look like 看起來象7. look at 看(動詞片語)8. have a look 看一看(動詞) 有一個面貌(名詞)9. come on 來吧10. at work 在工作11. at school 在學校12. put on 穿上13. look after 照顧14. get up 起床15. go shopping 去購物II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 請別人幫忙做某事2. What about…? 關於……怎麼樣? 如:天氣怎麼樣,人怎麼樣,等 about 後用名詞3. Let』s do sth. 讓我們來做什麼事4. It』s time to do sth. 到了做什麼事的時間了,但 to 後用動詞5. It』s time for … 到了做什麼事的時間了 但for 後用名詞,動名詞6. What』s…? It is…/ It』s… 這是什麼? 它是什麼?(最簡單的句型,也要問?)7. Where is…? It』s…. 在哪裡? 它在。。。何方?8. How old are you? I』m…. 你 多大了? 我 。。。。。 9. What class are you in? I』m in…. 你在幾班? 我在。。。。。10. Welcome to…. 歡迎來到。。。。。11. What』s …plus…? 什麼和什麼相加等於多 少?(如5+5=?)It』s…. 它是(多少?)12. I think… 我認為。。。。。。13. Who』s this? This is…. 這是誰? 這是?14. What can you see? I can see…. 你能看見什麼?
15. There is (are) …. 有。。。。。的句型, 單數(復數) 如,有一本書在桌上等,
16. What colour is it (are they)? It』s (They』re)…
它(它們)是什麼顏色? 它(它們)是。。。
17. Whose …is this? It』s…. 這是誰的? 它是,,,,的
18. What time is it? It』s…. 現在幾點了? 現在是…
III. 交際用語
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr…. 早上好,小姐、先生
2. Hello! Hi! 你好
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. 很高興遇到你,我也是
4. How are you? I』m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?
你好嗎?我很好,謝謝,你呢
5. See you. See you later. 再見,以後見
6. Thank you! You』re welcome. 謝謝, 不用謝
7. Goodbye! Bye! 再見
8. What』s your name? My name is …. 你叫什麼名子?我的名子叫。。。
9. Here you are. This way, please. 給你。 請這邊走
10. Who』s on ty today? 今天誰值日?
11. Let』s do. 讓我們來做吧
12. Let me see. 讓我看看、或 讓我想想
IV. 重要語法
1. 動詞 be 的用法;
2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;
3. 名詞的單復數和所有格的用法;
4. 冠詞的基本用法;
5. There be 句型的用法。
【名師講解】
1. in/on 在表示空間位置時,in 表示在某個空間的范圍以內,on 表示在某一個物體 的表面之上。例如:
There is a bird in the tree. 樹上有隻鳥。
There is a picture on the wall. 牆上有張圖。
2. this/that/these/those
(1)this 常常用來指在時間、地點上更接近講話人的人和事,these 是 this 的復 數形式。that 常常用來指在時間、地點上離講話人更遠一點的人和事,those 時 that 的復數形式。例如:
You look in this box and I』ll look in that one over there.你看看這個盒子,我 去看那邊的那個盒子。
I want this car, not that car. 我想要這輛小汽車,不是那一輛。
Take these books to his room, please. 請把這些書拿到他房間去。
This is mine; that』s yours. 這個是我的,那個是你的。
These are apples; those are oranges. 這些是蘋果,那些是橘子。
(2)在打電話的用語中,this 常常指的是我,that 常常指的是對方。例如:
This is Mary speaking. Who』s that? 我是瑪麗。你是誰?
3. There be/ have There be "有", 其確切含意為"某處或某時存在某人或某物。 "其結構是: There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地點或時間的狀語。There be 後面的名詞實際上是主語, be 動詞的形式要和主語在數上保持一致, 動詞後面的名詞是單數或不可數名 be 詞時用 is,名詞是復數時用 are。例如:
(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可樂。
(2) There is a doll in the box. 那個盒子里有個娃娃。
(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那樹上有許多蘋果。 總之,There be 結構強調的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have 表示"擁有,佔有,具 有",即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞,與主語是 所屬關系。例如:
(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個兄弟,一個姐姐。
(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四個房間。
4. look/ see/ watch
(1)look 表示「看、瞧」,著重指認真看,強調看的動作,表示有意識地注意看, 但不一定看到,以提醒對方注意。,如:
Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子們在玩電腦游戲。
Look! What』s that over there? 看!那邊那個是什麼? 單獨使用是不及物動詞,如強調看某人/物,其後接介詞 at,才能帶賓語,如:
He』s looking at me。他正在看著我。
(2)see 強調「看」的結果,著重的是 look 這個動作的結果,意思是「看到」,see 是 及物動詞,後面能直接跟賓語。
如: What can you see in the picture? 你能在圖上看到什麼?
Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什麼?
(3)watch「觀看,注視」,側重於場面,表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務 的活動,強調過程,常用於「看電視、看足球、看演出」等。如:
Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場足球 比賽。
4. put on/ / in put on 意為「穿上,戴上」。主要指「穿上」這一動作, 後面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名 詞。 in 是介詞,表示「穿著」強調狀態。在句中可以做定語、標語和狀語。如:
It』s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,走了出去。
The woman in a white blouse is John』s mother.穿白色襯衣的那個婦女是 John 的媽媽。
5. house/ home/family house :「房子」,指居住的建築物; Home: 「家」,指一個人同家人共同經常居住 的地方; Family: 「家庭「,「家庭成員」。例如:
Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午請到我家來。
He is not at home. 他不在家。
My family all get up early. 我們全家都起得很早。
6. fine, nice, good, well 四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意,但前三者既可作表語又可作定語,而後者僅 用作表語。主要區別在於:
(1) fine 指物時表示的是質量上的"精細",形容人時表示的是"身體健康",也 可以用來指"天氣晴朗"。例如:
Your parents are very fine. 你父母身體很健康。
That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的機器。
It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好時候。
(2)nice 主要側重於人或物的外表,有"美好","漂亮"的意思,也可用於問候或贊 揚別人。例如:
Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。
These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。
Nice to meet you. 見到你很高興。
It's very nice of you. 你真好。
(3)good 形容人時指"品德好",形容物時指"質量好",是表示人或物各方面都好 的普通用語。例如:
Her son is a good student. 她兒子是一個好學生。
The red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車很好。
(4)well 只可用來形容人的"身體好",但不能作定語,它也能用作副詞作狀語,多 放在所修飾的動詞之後。例如:
I'm very well, thanks. 我身體很好,謝謝。
My friends sing well. 我的朋友們歌唱得好。
【考點掃描】 中考考點在本單元主要集中在: 1. 動詞 be 的用法; 2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法; 3. 名詞的單復數和所有格的用法; 4. 冠詞的基本用法; 5. There be 句型的用法。 6. 本單元學過的詞彙、短語和句型; 7. 本單元學過的日常交際用語。 考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。
❾ 初一上學期英語期中復習重點.
初一上學期英語語法(必會)
[第一類] 名詞類
1. 這些女老師們在干什麼?
[誤] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英語中,當一名詞作定語修飾另一名詞(單或復數形式)時,作定語的名詞一般要用其單數形式;但當man,woman作定語修飾可數名詞復數形式時,要用其復數形式men,women.
2. 房間里有多少人?
[誤] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作「人、人們」解時,是個集合名詞,其單復數同形。
3. 我想為我兒子買兩瓶牛奶。
[誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析] 表示不可數名詞的數量時,常用「a / an或數詞 +表量的可數名詞 + of + 不可數名詞」這一結構,其中當數詞大於1時,表量的可數名詞要用其復數形式。
[第二類] 動詞類
4. 你妹妹通常什麼時候去上學?
[誤] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借返巧助助動詞do(或does)構成疑問句或否定句時,句中的謂語動詞用其原形。
5. 琳達晚上經常做作業,但今晚她在看電視。
[誤] Linda often do her homework in the evening,but this evening she watching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening,but this evening she is watching TV.
[析] 在初一英語學習階段,我們接觸到了兩種主要時態:一般現在時和現在進行時。一般現在時表示經常的或習慣性的動作,常和often,usually,sometimes 等時間狀語連用。在一般現在時的句子中,若主語是第三人稱單數,謂語動詞要用其第三人稱單數形式。現在進行時表示現階段正在進行或發生的動作,現在進行時由be(am / is / are) + ving形式構成。
6 這雙鞋是紅色的。
[誤] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析] 在shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses等表示成雙成對的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計量)修飾時,謂語動詞的形式由pair的單復數形式來決伍差定。
[第三類] 代詞類
7. 這張票是她的,不是我的。
[誤] This is hers ticket. It』s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It』s not mine.
[析] 物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。形容詞性物主漏橘鍵代詞之後一定要接名詞,而名詞性物主代詞之後不需接任何詞。
8. 吳老師教我們英語。
[誤] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的賓語,因此當sb.為人稱代詞時要用其賓格形式。
[第四類] 介詞類
9. 你能找到這個問題的答案嗎?
[誤] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英語中用「the answer to …」表示「……的答案」。類似結構還有the key to the door,the way to the zoo等。
10. 格林先生星期六上午來這里。
[誤] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析] 表示在上午、下午等時,介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午時,介詞要用on.
11. 那個穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒。
[誤] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher』s daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher』s daughter.
[析] 用介詞表示「穿戴衣物」時,只能用in,其他介詞沒有此用法。
[第五類] 副詞類
12. 莉莉,你為什麼不回家呢?
[誤] Lily,why don』t you go to home?
[正] Lily,why don』t you go home?
[析] come,go 等後接here,there,home等地點副詞時,地點副詞前不加to。
[第六類] 連詞類
13. 我喜歡語文和英語,但我不喜歡體育和歷史。
[誤] I like Chinese and English,but I don』t like P.E.and history.
[正] I like Chinese and English,but I don』t like P.E.or history.
[析] 在肯定句中並列成分之間用and來連接;而在否定句中,並列成分之間的連接需用or。
[第七類] 冠詞類
14. 乘飛機去北京花了史密斯一家人一個小時。
[誤] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析] 1.表示「……一家人」用結構「the + 姓氏復數」;
2.our 一詞的第一個字母不發音,它是以母音音素開頭的,所以「一小時」要用 an hour;
3.用介詞by表示「乘坐」某種交通工具時,交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞。
[第八類] 句法類
15. ――你不是學生嗎? ――不,我是學生。
[誤] ――Aren』t you a student? ――No, I am.
[正] ――Aren』t you a student? ――Yes, I am.
[析] 對否定疑問句的回答是用Yes還是用No,這取決於實際情況:如果事實是肯定的,就用Yes表「不」;如果事實是否定的,就用No表「是的」。
【時態】
1.一般現在時
表示普遍、經常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現在時,它有:
Be 動詞:She』s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn』t a worker.
情態動詞:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can』t play the piano.
行為動詞:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don』t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn』t have a watch.
2、現在進行時
表示動詞在此時正在發生或進行就使用進行時態,結構為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I』m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I』m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn』t writing a letter.
They』re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren』t listening to the pop music.
【句式】
1.陳述句
肯定陳述句 a) This is a book. (be動詞)
b) He looks very young. (連系動詞)
c) I want a sweat like this. (實義動詞)
d) I can bring some things to school. (情態動詞)
e) There』s a computer on my desk. (There be結構)
否定陳述句 a) These aren』t their books. b) They don』t look nice.
c) Kate doesn』t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can』t find her doll.
e) There isn』t a cat here. (=There』s no cat here.)
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let』s learn English!
c) Come in, please.
否定祈使句a) Don』t be late. b) Don』t hurry.
3. 疑問句
1) 一般疑問句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?
d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?
肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.
否定回答: a) No, he isn』t. b) No, you can』t. c) No, she doesn』t. d) No, they don』t. e) No, she isn』t.
2) 選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It』s big./ It』s small.
3) 特殊疑問句
1. 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
2. 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
3. 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
4. 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is [email protected].
5. 問原因 Why do you want to join the club?
6. 問時間 What』s the time? (=What time is it?) It』s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o』clock.
When do you want to go? Let』s go at 7:00.
7. 問地方 Where』s my backpack? It』s under the table.
8. 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.
What』s your favourite color? It』s black.
9. 問人物 Who』s that? It』s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn』t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
10. 問東西 What』s this/that (in English)? It』s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
11. 問姓名 What』s your aunt』s name? Her name is Helen./She』s Helen.
What』s your first name? My first name』s Ben.
What』s your family name? My family name』s Smith.
12. 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
13. 問字母 What letter is it? It』s big D/small f.
14. 問價格 How much are these pants? They』re 15 dollars.
15. 問電話號碼 What』s your phone number? It』s 576-8349.
16. 問謂語(動作) What』s he doing? He』s watching TV.
17. 問職業(身份) What do you do? I』m a teacher.
What』s your father? He』s a doctor.
【詞法】
1、名詞
A)、名詞的數
我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞,而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式,但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分,復數的構成如下:
一)在後面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o結尾加s(外來詞)。如:radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
五)以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復數相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有復數,沒有單數的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數也可以是復數的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學, family家,家庭成員
九)合成的復數一般只加主要名詞,多數為後一個單詞。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的單復數意思不同。如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數, chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞
十一)單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或』s。如:Is (I』s), Ks (K』s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名詞的格
當我們要表示某人的什麼東西或人時,我們就要使用所有格形式。構成如下:
一)單數在後面加』s。如:brother』s, Mike』s, teacher』s
二)復數以s結尾的直接在s後加』,如果不是以s結尾的與單數一樣處理。如:Teachers』 Day教師節, classmates』; Children』s Day六一節, Women』s Day三八節
三)由and並列的名詞所有時,如果是共同所有同一人或物時,只加最後一個』s,但分別擁有時卻分別按單數形式處理。如:Mike and Ben』s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間),Mike』s and Ben』s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)
2、代詞
3、動詞
A) 第三人稱單數
當動詞是第三人稱單數時,動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s,如下:
一)一般在詞後加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o結尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B) 現在分詞
當我們說某人正在做什麼事時,動詞要使用分詞形式,不能用原形,構成如下:
一)一般在後加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重讀閉音節結尾且一個母音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最後的輔音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位於
4、形容詞的級
我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時,則要使用比較或最高級形式。構成如下:
一)一般在詞後加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
二)以重讀閉音節結尾且1個母音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外,如few-fewer fewest)結尾的雙寫結尾的輔音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三)以輔音字母+y結尾的變y為i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情況:(兩好多壞,一少老遠)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5、數詞 (基變序,有規則;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它後接th;y結尾,變為i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
題(後面有答案)
筆試部分(共80分)
I. 按要求寫出下列單詞的相應形式: (10分)
1. meet(同音詞)________
2. I(同音詞)________
3. this(復數)________
4. have (第三人稱單數)________
5. here(對應詞)________
6. open(反義詞)________
7. libraries(單數)________
8. do not(縮寫式)________
9. peach(復數形式)________
10. sandwich(復數形式)________
II. 找出與劃線部分意義相同或相近的選項:(5分)
1. My sister is at home now.
A. out B. in C. left D. away
2. Nice to meet you.
A. Glad B. Fine C. Lovely D. Well
3. He is wearing a new coat.
A. on B. with C. at D. in
4. What's the matter with you?
A. wrong B. right C. good D. sick
5. I would like some bananas.
A. have B. eat C. want D. drink
III. 選擇填空: (10分)
1. He ________ like reading the book.
A. is B. doesn't
C. don't D. do
2. - Do you have lunch at 12:00?
- ________
A. Yes, I am. B. Yes, I don't.
C. No, I don't. D. No, I do.
3. I don't have ________ food in the evening.
A. some B. any
C. many D. much too
4. - ________ is the pen? - Five yuan.
A. What B. How
C. How much D. How many
5. - Would you like some apples?
- ________ .
A. No, thanks. B. No, I wouldn't.
C. Yes, I do. D. Yes, I would.
6. Tom ________ his homework at school.
A. doesn't B. doesn't do
C. don't D. does not
7. It's time ________ go to school.
A. for B. of C. not D. to
8. - Nice to meet you.
- ________
A. How do you do?
B. Nice to meet you, too.
C. Fine, thanks.
D. How are you?
9. When your friend says