1. 高一英語語法總結包括重點句子！
英語時態有16種，但是常用的只有9種：一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現在進行時、過去進行時、現在完成時、過去完成時、過去將來時、現在完成進行時。 1、一般現在時的用法 1)經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。 2)客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。 3)表示格言或警句中。 4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。 2 一般過去時的用法 表示過去某時間發生的動作或存在的狀態。 1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。 2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。 3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了" It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事' 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。 注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。 1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 2）情態動詞 could, would. 3. 一般將來時 表示將來的動作或狀態。 1)shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。 will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在爭求意見時常用於第二人稱。 2)be going to +不定式，表示將來。 a. 主語的意圖，即將做某 b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。 c. 有跡象要發生的事 3) be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。 4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。 注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。 4.現在完成時 現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀 態，其結果的確和現在有聯系。動作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在；也可表示持續到現在的動作或 狀態。其構成： have (has) +過去分詞。 5.過去完成時 概念：表示過去某一段時刻或某一動作之前完成的動作或存在的狀態。 ----|-------|-----|---->其構成是had +過去分詞構成。 那時以前 那時 現在 2）用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。 b. 狀語從句 在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。 c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…" 3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 注意：had no … when 還沒等……就…… had no sooner… than 剛……就…… 6.將來完成時 1) 構成will / be going to do sth. 2) 概念 a. 狀態完成：表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。 b. 動作完成：表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前，已經完成的動作或獲得的經驗。 7.現在進行時 現在進行時的基本用法： a. 表示現在( 指說話人說話時) 正在發生的事情。 b. 習慣進行：表示長期的或重復性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。 c. 表示漸變的動詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。 8. 過去進行時 1）概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。 2）過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。 3)常用的時間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 9. 將來進行時 1)概念：表示將來某時進行的狀態或動作，或按預測將來會發生的事情。 2）常用的時間狀語Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening
2. 高一英語高頻知識點
我給你分為三個部分 第一部分是重點片語 第二部分是重點巨型 第三部分是重點語法 希望對你有所幫助
重點句型
1．「So + be／have／助動詞／情態動詞＋主詞」的結構。此結構中的語序是倒裝的，「So」代替上句中的某個成分。如果上面一句是否定句，則使用「Neither/Nor+be/have/助動詞/情態動詞+主語」的結構。
例如 He』s tired，and so am I．(＝I』 m also tired．)
You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．)
She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I』ve had lunch，too．)
Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．)
A: I went to the park yesterday．
B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．)
2．「So +主語+be／have／助動詞／情態動詞」結構中的主謂是正常語序，so相當於indeed,certainly,表示說話人對前面或對方所說情況的肯定、贊同或證實，語氣較強，意思是「確實如此」。
例如 A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。B：So it was．的確如此。(＝Yes，it was．)
A：You seem to like sports．B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．)
A：It will be fine tomorrow．B：So it will．(＝Yes ，it will．)
3．「主語+do/does/did + so」結構指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重復。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in
my composition on time.) 語文老師叫我按時交作文, 我照辦了。
4．So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 「……(的情況)也是如此。」當前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語時，要表示相同情況，必須使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。
She doesn』t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.
5、There you are. 行了，好。
這是一句表示一種事情告一段落或有了最終結果的用語。如：
There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，還可以表示「瞧，對吧（果然如此）」的語氣。例如：There you are! I knew we should find it at last.對吧！我就知道我們最終能找到的。
6、have some difficulty (in) doing sth.
干某事有困難；接名詞時，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.
①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?你理解英語口語有困難嗎？
②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她說她在發音方面有困難。
7、have a good knowledge of sth.
「掌握……」，「對……有某種程度的了解」
①He has a good knowledge of London.他對倫敦有所了解。
②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.
8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.
一棵又一棵的樹被水沖倒、沖斷。那水肯定有三米深。
「must have + 過去分詞」表示對已發生事情的猜測。在英語中，must，may，can三個情態動詞可用來表示對事情的猜測。Must意為「肯定」，語氣很有把握；may意為「可能」、「也許」，語氣把握性不大。兩者常用在肯定句中。Can意為「肯定」、「也許」，常用在否定句或疑問句中。Must，may，can三者用於表示猜測時，其後面可跟三種不同的動詞形式：1）跟動詞原形表示對現在事情的猜測；
2）跟be doing表示對正在發生事情的猜測；3）跟have done表示對已經發生的事情的猜測。例如：
Helen is Lucy』s good friend. She must know Lucy』s e-mail.海倫是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的電子郵件。
We can hear loud voices in the meeting room. They must be quarrelling.我們可以聽到會議
室很吵。他們肯定在吵架。
I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago. He can』t have gone to Australia.我剛才還在大門口見
過傑夫。他不可能去了澳大利亞。
9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看著猴子從他手上吃花生，很有趣。
fun 「好玩，趣事」，不可數名詞，前面不加不定冠詞a。
You』re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定會玩得很開心。
make fun of「取笑」，「嘲弄」。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a
strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因為他穿了一件那麼奇怪的衣服。
funny adj. 「可笑的，滑稽的」。He looks very funny in his father』s jacket.他穿著他父親
的衣服，看上去很滑稽。
10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……
許多看過這部電影的人都不敢在海里游。
afraid 用法說明：1）害怕人/ 物，如：be afraid of sb / sth
2）不敢做某事，如：be afraid to do sth / of doing sth
He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night.
3) 擔心會發生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into theriver.
4) 給人不愉快的信息或不贊同某人意見時, 用I』m afraid …, 如:
I』m afraid I』ve got bad news for you.I』m afraid I can』t agree with you.
11、It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盤子里所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。
這是一個動詞不定式作主語的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主語，it是形式主語。
12、I wish you all the best.我祝你萬事如意.
用wish來表示祝願的結構是wish sb sth, 此外我們還可以用may來表示祝願: May sb do sth如:
May you succeed.
13、Where there is a river, there is a city. 有河流的地方就有城市。
Where在這里引導的是地點狀語從句，相當於介詞in/ at/ to + the place + where從句9定語從句），意思是「在……地方」。 例如：
Where there is smoke, there is fire.無風不起浪；事出有因。
He lives where the climate is mild.他住在氣候溫暖的地方。
14、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia .
聖彼得堡人民堅強不屈、充滿自豪、團結一致，他們是俄羅斯當代的英雄。
Strong, proud, and united為前置定語，在這里相當於一個非限制性定語從句：
The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes
of Russia . 當主語比較短時，這類短語常常放在句首。
15. Congratulations!是一句祝賀用語，在使用時要用復數形式。其他幾個通常以復數形式出現表達特定含義的名詞有：
manners（禮貌）：He is a little boy with good manners.這個小男孩很有禮貌。
regards (問候)：Please send my regards to your parents.請代我問候你父母。
16. Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.
沒四年，世界各地的運動員們都要參加奧運會。
「every + 基數詞 + 時間/ 距離單位」詞表示「每多少時間/ 距離」。如：
every five days（每五天）, every three hours（每三小時）, every ten metres（每十公尺）
類似表達形式還有：every fifth day, every third hour
「每隔一天」的表達形式有：every second day, every two days, every other day.
17、Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and
to send e-mail or surf the Internet.現代的手機不僅僅是電話機—它們也當坐照相機和收音機使用，還可以發送電子郵件和上網。
use A as B 把A用作B。例如：
In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代，人們把石頭用作耕作的工具。
use sth to do sth用某物來做某事。例如：
In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.在古代，人們用石頭來捕殺動物獲取食物。
18、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no
matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是：無論我們在何處或正在做什麼，我們都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持聯系。
1) seem 似乎，好像，其用法及搭配有：seem + adj., 如：
This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.這個問題看似復雜，其實很簡單。
seem to do ： I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪兒見過他。
It seems that…,； It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。
It seems as if…,： It seems as if it』s going to rain.看來快要下雨了。
2) no matter無論，不管，後面常跟疑問詞引導的從句，其意相當於疑問詞後加ever。如 no matter what=whatever; no matter where=wherever; no matter how=however; no matter when=whenever例如：
No matter when (Whenever) I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat.
不管我什麼時候遇見他，他總是戴著那頂舊禮帽。
No matter how (However) expensive the cellphone is, I』ll buy it because I need one badly.
無論這手機有多貴，我都要買。因為我急需有個手機。
重點語法：
直接引語和間接引語
1. 直接引語在改為間接引語時，時態需要做相應的調整。
eg: 「I broke your CD player.」 (一般過去時改成過去完成時)He told me he had broken my CD player.
Jenny said, 「I have lost a book.」(現在完成時改成過去完成時)Jenny said she had lost a book.
Mum said, 「I』ll go to see a friend.」(一般將來時改成過去將來時)Mum said she would go to see a friend.
過去完成時保留原有的時態
He said, 「We hadn』t finished our homework.」 He said they hadn』t finished their homework.
注意 直接引語是客觀真理，過去進行時，時態不變。
2． 在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語時第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化。如：
Mary said, 「My brother is an engineer.」=Mary said her brother was and engineer.
3． 直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句。如：
He said, 「Can you run, Mike?」=He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
4. 直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為「tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.」句型。如：
「Pass me the water, please.」said he.。=He asked him to pass her the water.
5. 直接引語如果是以「Let』s」開頭的祈使句，變為間接引語時，通常用「suggest+動名詞或從句」的結構。如：
She said, 「Let』s go to the cinema.」=She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
現在進行時表將來的動作
現在進行時表將來的動作，謂語通常為瞬間動詞。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。這些動詞的進行時後不能再接具體的時間。
（1）用現在進行時表示將來，指的是近期的，按計劃或安排要發生的動作。
（2）現在進行時表示將來與表示正在進行的動作的區別在於：前者通常用瞬間動詞（有時一些常用動詞也可以這樣用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而後者通常是持續性動詞。
He is reading a novel.
他在看小說。
The train is arriving soon.
火車就要進站了。
（3）用現在進行時表示將來的時間，在句中或上下文中通常有表示將來時間的狀語。
（4）現在進行時與一般現在時表示將來動作的區別在於：前者表示的將來的動作往往是可以改變的，而後者則是根據規定或時間表預計要發生的動作或事情，因此往往是不可改變或不可隨便改變的。
What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你們打算干什麼？
The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.
飛機今晚七點半起飛。
定語從句 （the Attributive Clause）
1. 描述特定時間的特徵 ---- 由when或介詞+which引導定語從句：
This was the moment when / at which Spielberg』s career really took off.
2. 描述特定地點的特徵 ---- 由where或介詞+which引導定語從句：
Chuck survives the air crash and lands on a deserted island where / on which there are no people.
3. 描述特定原因或理由的內容 ---- 由why或介詞+which引導定語從句:
The reason why / for which Steven Spielberg could not go to the Film Academy was that his grades were too low.
限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區別
定語從句分限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句，歸納起來，二者有以下幾點不同：
一、作用不同
限制性定語從句與先行詞的關系非常密切，是先行詞不可缺少的定語，它所修飾的詞代表一個（些）或一類特定的人或物 如果刪去，全句的意思就會變得不明確。而非限制性定語從句在意義上是先行詞的一個附加修飾語，對先行詞只起進一步補充說明的作用；若把它去掉，全句意思仍然清楚。例如：
The girl who stood in the corner just now is my younger sister．
剛才站在角落裡的那個姑娘是我的妹妹。
Mary Smith，who is in the corner， wants to meet you．
瑪麗·史密斯在那個角落裡，她想見你。
第一個例句中的定語從句指明作為主語的「姑娘」不是任何一個，而是在角落的那個。如果去掉定語從句，表達的意思就不明確。第二個例句已經表明主語是誰，定語從句只不過是補充說明一點情況而已。若去掉從句，句子意思仍然完整。
二、形式不同
非限制性定語從句與先行詞之間通常有逗號 而限制性定語從句與先行詞之間則無逗號。例如：
He』s the man who lives next door．
他就是住在隔壁的那個人。（從句不可少，從句前無逗號。）
His wife，whom you met at my house，is a teacher．
他的妻子是一位老師，你在我家曾見過她。（從句可有可無，從句前有逗號。）
三、含義不同
限制性定語從句有涉他性；非限制性定語從句有唯一性。例如：
In the class there are ten students who speak English very well．
這個班上有十名英語說得好的學生。（暗示班上不只是十個學生。）
In the class there are ten students，who speak English very well．
這個班上有十名學生，他們英語說得很好。
（非限制性定語從句，表明班上只有十個學生。）
四、 譯法不同
在把限制性定語從句譯成漢語時，通常在從句的末尾加「的」字，放在它所修飾名詞的前邊。而在把非限制性定語從句譯成漢語時，一般譯成一個單獨的句子。請看下面例句：
The film that we saw yesterday was very interesting．
我們昨天看的電影非常有趣。
Beijing，which is the capital of China，is a very beautiful city．
北京是中國的首都，它是一座非常美麗的城市。
限定性定語從句
1、定義：在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語從句一般放在先行詞的後面。引導定語從句的詞有關系代詞that, which, who ( 賓格whom,所有格whose)和關系副詞where, when，關系代詞或關系副詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間，起聯系作用，同時又作定語從句的一個成份。
⑴The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. 住在我的隔壁的人是賣菜的。
在該句中the man 是先行詞，who 是關系代詞，引導定語從句who lives next to us.在定語從句中，who 作主語。
2、由關系代詞who, whom, which, that引導的限定性定語從句。
1)如果先行詞是人，則用關系代詞who/that; 如果先行詞是物，則用關系代詞which/that。
⑵The number of people who/that lost homes reached as many as 250,000.
無家可歸的人多達25萬。
⑶It sounded like a train that was going under my house.
它聽起來就像是在我的房子下行駛的一列火車。
2）關系代詞who, whom, which, that既起聯系作用，引導定語從句，使之同它句中的某個名詞/代詞發生關系，同時又充當定語從句的一個成份。（如作從句中的主語或賓語）。當它們在從句中作賓語時，常可以省略。
⑷The boy(who/whom/that)we saw yesterday was John's brother.
我們昨天見到的那個男孩是約翰的兄弟。
⑸The car (which/that)my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.
我叔叔剛買的那輛汽車在地震上毀壞了。
說明：
關系代詞whom用來指人，是賓格，常用在書面語中作定語從句的賓語。在口語和非正式文體中，常用who/that來代替whom或省略，如例句4。
3）當關系代詞that或which修飾事物，作介詞賓語時，如果介詞位於關系代詞之前，則用which(不能省)而不用that。
⑹The tool with which he is working is called a saw = The tool(that/which)he is working with
is called a saw.他幹活的那個工具叫鋸子（不說…with that…）
⑺The factory in which his father used to work was closed last month = the factory
(that/which) his father used to work in was closed last month.
他父親以前工作過的那家工廠上個月關閉了。
說明：含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在動詞的後面。
Is this the watch (which/that)you are looking for?
這是你正在找的那塊手錶嗎？
The babies(whom/that)the nurses are looking after are very healthy.
那些護士正在照顧的寶寶們非常健康。
被動語態
結構:1.行為動詞的被動語態: 助動詞be + 及物動詞的過去分詞.
be有人稱.時態.數的變化,其變化規則與be作為連系動詞時完全一樣.
一般現在時 am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞
一般過去時 was/were +及物動詞的過去分詞
一般將來時 will +be +及物動詞的過去分詞
現在完成時 have/has+been+及物動詞的過去分詞
2.情態動詞的被動語態: 情態動詞 + be +及物動詞的過去分詞
否定式:是在助動詞 be 或情態動詞後加not構成
疑問式:是把上述助動詞或情態動詞提到主語之前,句尾加問號構成.
被動語態主要的用法
1）我們不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰（這時 都不帶由by引起的短語）。
The book is written for teachers. 這種書是為教師寫的。
2）動作的承受者是談話的中心（這時可帶有by引起的短語）。
The shop is run by a young man.這家商店是由一個年輕人經營的。
3）出於禮貌措辭等方面的考慮不願說出動作的執行者 是誰。
It is generally considered not advisable to smoke here.一般認為在這兒吸煙是不妥當的。
4）被動結構能使句子得到更好的安排。
Liu Dehua appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.劉德華在台上出現，觀眾給予了熱烈的掌聲。
5）在漢語中被動結構的句子是很多的，有些帶有「被」、 「受」、「由」等詞，譯成英語時較易想到用被動結構。
①他被選為我班班長。He was elected monitor of our class.
但在更多情況下卻不帶這類標記，這種情況值得特別注意。
②運動會什麼時候開？ When will the sports meet be held?
注 意
點：1.只有及物動詞能構成被動語態, 不及物動詞不能構成被動語態.
2.某些不及物動詞與介詞.副詞搭配構成短語動詞,帶有賓語時,則有了動作的承受者,這時應把它們看作一個整體,變為被動語態,不能丟掉其中的介詞,常用的有look after,take care of,cut down, laugh at,talk about,turn on等
eg.Catherine always takes care of the little girl.
→The little girl is always taken care of by Carherine.
3.有些動詞短語本身即是被動語態的形式, 不要再加by 短語,常用的有
be covered with be surprised at be interested in be worried about
be made of/from be known to
4.某些動詞形式是主動語態,但含有被動的意思.
eg. This dictionary sells well. This kind of car drives fast. The woolen sweater costs $ 88.
5.主動語態與被動語態的相互變化關系
主動句: 主語 + 謂語 + 賓語
(動作執行者) (動作承受者)
被動句: 主語 +謂語動詞的被動形式+ by + 動作執行者
(動作承受者)
重點片語的太多了 字數超過限制 我發到給你消息上的
3. 高一英語必修一知識點總結
人教版新課標高中英語必修一知識點歸納總結（按單元分） 新課標必修1 Unit1 Friendship 重點片語：
be good to 對….友好 add up 合計 another time 改時間 get sth done 使…被做 calm down 鎮定下來 have got to 不得不 walk the dog 遛狗 make a list of 列出 hide away 躲藏；隱藏 be concerned about 關心；掛念 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物
go through 經歷；仔細檢查 set down 放下；記下 a series of 一系列；一套 be crazy about 對…著迷 on purpose 故意 in order to/ so as to 為了 face to face 面對面地 get along with 與…相處 pack up 收拾，打理行裝
according to 按照；根據…所說 have trouble with sb/sth 同某人鬧意見；做…有困難 communicate with sb 和…交際 throw away the friendship 放棄/終止友誼 try out 試驗；試用 join in 參加（活動） far and wide 到處 look to sth 注意，留心某事 fall in love 相愛 ignorant of 無知的
cheat sb (out) of sth 騙取某人某物 have the/a habit of doing sth 有做…的習慣 句子歸納：
1.I wonder if… 我想知道是否….
2. It』s because… 這是因為…. 此從句中because不能用since或as 代替
3. What do you think a good friend should be like? 你認為一個好朋友應該是什麼樣的呢？
4. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. =While you were walking the dog, …在遛狗時，你不小心讓狗掙脫了繩子，結果狗被車撞了。（當while, when, before, after 等引導的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時，可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。）
5. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位無話不談、能推心置腹的朋友嗎？
6. I haven』t been able to be outdoors for so long that I』ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我已經很久不能去戶外，所以我變得對自然界的所有東西都很感興趣。 7. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我記得非常清楚，曾有一段時間，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未使我心醉神迷過。 8. It was the first time in a year and a half that I』d seen the night face to face. 這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。
9. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. 如果您給我提些建議，我會非常感謝的。 （I would be grateful if… 委婉客氣提出請求）
10. It』s a good habit for you to keep a diary. 記日記對你來說是個好習慣。 11. She found it difficult to settle and… 12. This series of readers is very interesting. 13. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
14. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.
新課標必修1 Unit2 重點片語：
in…ways 在…方面 such as 例如 believe it or not 信不信由你 come up with 提出 come up to a place 參觀某地 ever before 從前 even if/ though 即使 at the end of 在…末期 be based on 在...基礎上 close to 距離…近 change…into 把…變成 in the early days 在早期 take…with…隨身攜帶 the same…as 與…相同的 at present 目前
var cpro_psid ="u2572954"; var cpro_pswidth =966; var cpro_psheight =120;
be absent from 缺席 be present at 在席；出席 carry out a rule 執行規則 be a native of 是…人 at sb』s request 應某人的要求 have a command of掌握 make a request 請求 request that …(should)+v原形 in one direction 朝一個方向 give commands 命令 be different from 與…不同 i n the 1600』s = in the 1600s as a rule 通常；照例 be native to 是…的土產動物/植物 as we know 正如我們所知 an international language 一門國際語言 an international organization 一個國際組織 play a role/ part (in) 在…中擔任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一個角色；參與 play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用 because of 因為；由於 come up (vi) 走進；上來；發生；被討論 make (good/ full) use of （好好/充分）利用
from one place to another 從一處到另一處 present sth to sb / present sb with sth 句子歸納：
1. However, they may not be able to understand everything. （然而，他們可能不是什麼都懂。）
2. This is because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. (這是因為英國於1765年到1947年統治過印度。)
3. All languages change when cultures communicate with one another. (當不同文化互相溝通時，所有的語言都會發生變化。) 4. What the British call 「petrol」 the Americans call 「gas」.
(美國人把被英國人稱作「petrol」的東西稱作「gas」。 此處what引導賓語從句) 5. Actually, it was based more on German than present day English. (實際上，當時的英語更多地是以德語為基礎的，而現代英語不是。)
6. …those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 7. The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.
(in which= where, 其引導定語從句。 美國是一個大國，國內說著許許多多的方言。)
4. 高一英語總結，急
高一英語知識點總結（上冊）
重點片語：
1. fond of 「喜愛，愛好」 接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式。例如：
He』s fond of swimming. 他喜歡游泳。
Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜歡新鮮蔬菜嗎?
He is fond of his research work. 他喜愛他的研究工作。
2. hunt for = look for尋找
I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的書。
hunt for a job 找工作
3. in order to, so as to 這兩個片語都可引導不定式作目的狀語, in order to可放於句首, so as to則不能, 其否定形式為in order not to / so as not to. 如:
He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.
In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.為了讓我們注意他, 他朝我們又是叫喊又是揮手。
4. care about
1) 喜歡，對……有興趣 = care for
She doesn』t care about money.她不喜歡錢。
2）關心 = care for
She thinks only of herself. She doesn』t care about other people.
她只考慮自己。她不關心別人。
3）在乎，在意（接從句或不接任何成分）
These young people care nothing about what old people might say.
這些年輕人根本不在乎老人說的話。
5. such as 意為「諸如……」，「像……」，是用來列舉人或事物的。
She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三門科目,像物理、化學。
6. drop sb a line 留下便條, 寫封簡訊
7、make yourself at home 別客氣；隨便；無拘束
（1） If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.
如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝點飲料，隨便一點。
8、stay up 不睡；熬夜
（1） I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.
我將回家很晚，不要等我了。
（2） He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.
他熬夜看書直到凌晨兩點。
9、come about 引起；發生；產生
（1）How did the accident come about?
這場事故是怎麼發生的？
（2） They didn't know how the change had come about.
他們不知道這個變化是怎樣產生的。
10、except for 除……之外
（1） except 與 except for 的用法常有區別。except 多用於引起同類事物中被排除的一項。如：
①He answered all the questions except the last one.
除去最後一個，他回答了所有問題。
②We go there every day except Sunday.
除了星期天，我們天天去那裡。
（2）except for 用於引述細節以修正句子的主要意思。如：
①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.
除去一個老太太，這輛公共汽車全空了。
②Your picture is good except for the colours.
你的畫兒很好，只是某些色彩有問題。
（3）但在現代英語中，except for也用於表示except的意思。如上述第一個例子可以是：
He answered all the questions except for the last one.
（4） 另外，在介詞短語之前只能用except，不能用except for。如：
We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.
除了夏季，我們通常十點之前上床睡覺。
11、end up with 以……告終；以……結束
（1） The party ended up with an English song.
聚會以一首英文歌結束。
12、more or less 幾乎；差不多；大約；大概；大體上
（1） I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.
我差不多成功了，而他們沒有。
（2） Our living condition has more or less improved.
我們的生活水平或多或少提高了。
13、bring in 引進；引來；吸收
（1） We should bring in new technology.
我們應該引進新技術。
（2） He brings in 800 dollars a month.
他一個月掙八百美元。
14、get away（from） 逃離
（1）The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.
小偷帶著我們所有的錢從商店逃跑了。
（2）I caught a really big fish but it got away.
我釣到了一條好大的魚，可是它逃掉了。
15、watch out （for）注意；留心
（1）Watch out! There is a car coming.
小心！汽車來了。
（2）Watch out for the hole in the road.
留神路上的那個坑。
16、see sb. off 給某人送行
Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.
明天我到火車站給朋友送行。
17、on the other hand 另一方面（用以引出相互矛盾的觀點、意見等，常說on the one hand …… on the other hand一方面……另一方面）
I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.
我知道這份工作報酬不高，但從另一方面來說，我也不必工作太長時間。
18、as well as sb (sth)而且
He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.
她不但是攝影師還是個天才的音樂家。
19、take place 發生 take one』s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位
take sb』s place 或take the place of sb / sth代替、取代The Olympic Games take place / are held every four years.
20、on fire 相當於burning, 意為「燃燒；著火；起火」，有靜態的含意。Catch fire有動態的含意。
Set… on fire / set fire to …用來表示「使……著火」、「放火燒……」。例如：
Look, the theatre is on fire! Let』s go and help.瞧，劇院著火了，咱們去幫忙救火吧。
21、on holiday 在度假，在休假中
When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的時候去看望了叔叔。
holiday(holidays)一般指「休假」
Tom and I are going to have a holiday. 我和湯姆准備去度假。
I've already had my holidays this year. 我今年已經度過假了。
22、travel agency
A business that attends to the details of transportation, itinerary, and accommodations
for travelers. 旅行社一種為旅行者提供細致的運輸、旅行和住宿方面服務的行業
Also called: travel bureau
23、take off 1)脫下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脫下了濕鞋子。
2）（飛機）起飛
The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飛機准時起飛。起飛非常順利。
3）匆匆離開
The six men got into the car and took off for the park.這六個人上了車，匆匆離開去公園。
24. go wrong v. 走錯路, 誤入岐途, (機器等)發生故障
25. in all adv. 總共
26. stay away v.外出
27. look up 查詢（如賓語為代詞，則代詞放中間）
Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查單詞。
相關片語：look for 尋找；look after照顧，照料； look forward to期待；look into調查；
look on旁觀；look out注意；look out for注意，留心，提防；look over翻閱，查看，檢查；look around環視；look through翻閱，查看。
28、run after追逐，追求
If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同時追兩只兔子，你一隻也抓不到。
29、on the air廣播
We will be on the air in five minutes.我們五分鍾以後開始廣播。
This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.這個節目每天在同一時間播出。
30、think highly/well/much of對……評價很高, 贊賞, 對……印象好
He was highly thought of by the manager.經理對他非常贊賞。
I think well of your suggestion.我覺得你的建議很好。
think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……認為不好, 好……不在意, 不贊成, 覺得……不怎麼樣
I don』t think much of him as a teacher.我覺得他作為一個老師不怎麼樣。
31. leave out 1) 漏掉 You made a mistake—You』ve left out a letter 「t」.你出錯了—你漏掉了一個字母t.
2) 刪掉, 沒用 I haven』t changed or left out a thing.我沒有作出變動也沒有刪掉任何東西。
32. stare at （由於好奇、激動等張著嘴巴，睜大眼睛地）凝視，盯著看
Don』t stare at foreigners. It』s impolite.不要盯著外國人看，這樣不禮貌。
比較：glare at （to stare angrily at）怒視著
這兩個小男孩互相怒視著，隨時准備開戰。
33. make jokes about 就……說笑
They make jokes about my old hat.他們就我的舊帽子說笑我。
have a joke with … about …跟某人開關於某事的玩笑。
He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下來跟我開玩笑。
play a joke on…開某人的玩笑
We played jokes on each other. 我們互相開玩笑。
v. joke about取笑 They joked about my broken English.他們取笑我蹩腳的英.
45.take over 接管；接替；繼承
what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。
Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我們的主席走了，因此傑克將接
管（他的工作）。
46. break down
1) 破壞；拆散
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人體中的化學元素把食物分解成有用的物質。
The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)據說和談破裂了。
2)（機器）損壞 Our truck broke down outside town. 我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。
The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽車在到達目的地的中途拋錨了。
3) 失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對意見打消了。
4) 精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失聲痛哭。
5) 起化學變化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化學物質引起食物轉化。
47、get on one』s feet
1）站起來;站起來發言
2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 經濟上獨立
3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢復, 復甦(指企業)
48、go through
1) 經歷；經受；遭到
These countries have gone / been through too many wars.這些國家飽經戰火。
2) 完成；做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大學。
3）通過；批准 The law has gone through Parliament. 議會已經通過了這項法案。
Their plans went through. 他們的計劃得到了批准。
4）全面檢查；搜查
They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關他們檢查了我們的行李。
重點句型
1．「So + be／have／助動詞／情態動詞＋主詞」的結構。此結構中的語序是倒裝的，「So」代替上句中的某個成分。如果上面一句是否定句，則使用「Neither/Nor+be/have/助動詞/情態動詞+主語」的結構。
例如 He』s tired，and so am I．(＝I』 m also tired．)
You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．)
She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I』ve had lunch，too．)
Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．)
A: I went to the park yesterday．
B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．)
2．「So +主語+be／have／助動詞／情態動詞」結構中的主謂是正常語序，so相當於indeed,certainly,表示說話人對前面或對方所說情況的肯定、贊同或證實，語氣較強，意思是「確實如此」。
例如 A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。
B：So it was．的確如此。(＝Yes，it was．)
A：You seem to like sports．
B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．)
A：It will be fine tomorrow．
B：So it will．(＝Yes ，it will．)
3．「主語+do/does/did + so」結構指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重復。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in
my composition on time.) 語文老師叫我按時交作文, 我照辦了。
4．So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 「……(的情況)也是如此。」當前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語時，要表示相同情況，必須使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。
She doesn』t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.
5、There you are. 行了，好。
這是一句表示一種事情告一段落或有了最終結果的用語。如：
There you are! Then let's have some coffee.
除此之外，還可以表示「瞧，對吧（果然如此）」的語氣。例如：
There you are! I knew we should find it at last.
對吧！我就知道我們最終能找到的。
6、have some difficulty (in) doing sth.
干某事有困難；接名詞時，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.
①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?
你理解英語口語有困難嗎？
②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.
她說她在發音方面有困難。
7、have a good knowledge of sth.
「掌握……」，「對……有某種程度的了解」
①He has a good knowledge of London.
他對倫敦有所了解。
②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.
8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.
一棵又一棵的樹被水沖倒、沖斷。那水肯定有三米深。
「must have + 過去分詞」表示對已發生事情的猜測。在英語中，must，may，can三個情態動詞可用來表示對事情的猜測。Must意為「肯定」，語氣很有把握；may意為「可能」、「也許」，語氣把握性不大。兩者常用在肯定句中。Can意為「肯定」、「也許」，常用在否定句或疑問句中。Must，may，can三者用於表示猜測時，其後面可跟三種不同的動詞形式：1）跟動詞原形表示對現在事情的猜測；
2）跟be doing表示對正在發生事情的猜測；3）跟have done表示對已經發生的事情的猜測。例如：
Helen is Lucy』s good friend. She must know Lucy』s e-mail.海倫是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的電子郵件。
We can hear loud voices in the meeting room. They must be quarrelling.我們可以聽到會議
室很吵。他們肯定在吵架。
I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago. He can』t have gone to Australia.我剛才還在大門口見
過傑夫。他不可能去了澳大利亞。
9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看著猴子從他手上吃花生，很有趣。
fun 「好玩，趣事」，不可數名詞，前面不加不定冠詞a。
You』re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定會玩得很開心。
make fun of「取笑」，「嘲弄」。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a
strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因為他穿了一件那麼奇怪的衣服。
funny adj. 「可笑的，滑稽的」。He looks very funny in his father』s jacket.他穿著他父親
的衣服，看上去很滑稽。
10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……
許多看過這部電影的人都不敢在海里游。
afraid 用法說明：
1）害怕人/ 物，如：be afraid of sb / sth
2）不敢做某事，如：be afraid to do sth / of doing sth
He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night.
3) 擔心會發生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into the
river.
4) 給人不愉快的信息或不贊同某人意見時, 用I』m afraid …, 如:
I』m afraid I』ve got bad news for you.
I』m afraid I can』t agree with you.
11、It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盤子里所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。
這是一個動詞不定式作主語的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主語，it是形式主語。
12、I wish you all the best.我祝你萬事如意.
用wish來表示祝願的結構是wish sb sth, 此外我們還可以用may來表示祝願: May sb do sth如:
May you succeed.
13、Where there is a river, there is a city. 有河流的地方就有城市。
Where在這里引導的是地點狀語從句，相當於介詞in/ at/ to + the place + where從句9定語從句），意思是「在……地方」。 例如：
Where there is smoke, there is fire.無風不起浪；事出有因。
He lives where the climate is mild.他住在氣候溫暖的地方。
14、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia .
聖彼得堡人民堅強不屈、充滿自豪、團結一致，他們是俄羅斯當代的英雄。
Strong, proud, and united為前置定語，在這里相當於一個非限制性定語從句：
The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes
of Russia . 當主語比較短時，這類短語常常放在句首。
15. Congratulations!是一句祝賀用語，在使用時要用復數形式。其他幾個通常以復數形式出現表達特定含義的名詞有：
manners（禮貌）：He is a little boy with good manners.這個小男孩很有禮貌。
regards (問候)：Please send my regards to your parents.請代我問候你父母。
16. Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.
沒四年，世界各地的運動員們都要參加奧運會。
「every + 基數詞 + 時間/ 距離單位」詞表示「每多少時間/ 距離」。如：
every five days（每五天）, every three hours（每三小時）, every ten metres（每十公尺）
類似表達形式還有：every fifth day, every third hour
「每隔一天」的表達形式有：every second day, every two days, every other day.
17、Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and
to send e-mail or surf the Internet.現代的手機不僅僅是電話機—它們也當坐照相機和收音機使用，還可以發送電子郵件和上網。
use A as B 把A用作B。例如：
In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代，人們把石頭用作耕作的
工具。
use sth to do sth用某物來做某事。例如：
In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.
在古代，人們用石頭來捕殺動物獲取食物。
18、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no
matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是：無論我們在何處或正在做什麼，我們都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持聯系。
1) seem 似乎，好像，其用法及搭配有：
seem + adj., 如：
This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.
這個問題看似復雜，其實很簡單。
seem to do
I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪兒見過他。
It seems that…,
It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。
It seems as if…,
It seems as if it』s going to rain.看來快要下雨了。
2) no matter無論，不管，後面常跟疑問詞引導的從句，其意相當於疑問詞後加ever。如 no matter what=whatever; no matter where=wherever; no matter how=however; no matter when=whenever例如：
No matter when (Whenever) I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat.
不管我什麼時候遇見他，他總是戴著那頂舊禮帽。
No matter how (However) expensive the cellphone is, I』ll buy it because I need one badly.
無論這手機有多貴，我都要買。因為我急需有個手機。
重點語法：
直接引語和間接引語
1. 直接引語在改為間接引語時，時態需要做相應的調整。
eg: 「I broke your CD player.」 (一般過去時改成過去完成時)
He told me he had broken my CD player.
Jenny said, 「I have lost a book.」
(現在完成時改成過去完成時)
Jenny said she had lost a book.
Mum said, 「I』ll go to see a friend.」
(一般將來時改成過去將來時)
Mum said she would go to see a friend.
過去完成時保留原有的時態
He said, 「We hadn』t finished our homework.」
He said they hadn』t finished their homework.
注意 直接引語是客觀真理，過去進行時，時態不變。
2． 在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語時第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化。如：
Mary said, 「My brother is an engineer.」
Mary said her brother was and engineer.
3． 直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句。如：
He said, 「Can you run, Mike?」
He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
4. 直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為「tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.」句型。如：
「Pass me the water, please.」said he.
He asked him to pass her the water.
5. 直接引語如果是以「Let』s」開頭的祈使句，變為間接引語時，通常用「suggest+動名詞或從句」的結構。如：
She said, 「Let』s go to the cinema.」
She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
現在進行時表將來的動作
現在進行時表將來的動作，謂語通常為瞬間動詞。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。這些動詞的進行時後不能再接具體的時間。
（1）用現在進行時表示將來，指的是近期的，按計劃或安排要發生的動作。
（2）現在進行時表示將來與表示正在進行的動作的區別在於：前者通常用瞬間動詞（有時一些常用動詞也可以這樣用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而後者通常是持續性動詞。
He is reading a novel.
他在看小說。
The train is arriving soon.
火車就要進站了。
（3）用現在進行時表示將來的時間，在句中或上下文中通常有表示將來時間的狀語。
（4）現在進行時與一般現在時表示將來動作的區別在於：前者表示的將來的動作往往是可以改變的，而後者則是根據規定或時間表預計要發生的動作或事情，因此往往是不可改變或不可隨便改變的。
What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你們打算干什麼？
The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.
飛機今晚七點半起飛。
限定性定語從句
1、定義：在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫先
行詞。定語從句一般放在先行詞的後面。引導定語從句的詞有關系代詞that, which, who ( 賓格whom,
所有格whose)和關系副詞where, when，關系代詞或關系副詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間，起聯系作用，
同時又作定語從句的一個成份。
⑴The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. 住在我的隔壁的人是賣菜的。
在該句中the man 是先行詞
5. 高一上英語知識點
定語從句
一、考點聚焦
1、功能：相當於形容詞，修飾名詞或代詞，在句中作定語
2、位置：定語從句置於被修飾詞之後
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞稱為先行詞
（1）先行詞一般是名詞和不定代詞，如:some-, any-, every-和no與-boy, -thing的合成詞；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代詞。數詞也可以作先行詞，人稱代詞也同樣可作先行詞。
（2）先行詞與關系詞是等量關系。必須注意兩點：
①先行詞在從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的數由先行詞而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
②關系詞在從句句子中充當了成分，其意思就是先行詞的意義，所以在從句中不能重復其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.
4、關系詞：引導定語從句的都稱關系詞
關系代詞：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
關系副詞：when, where, why。that偶爾也作關系副詞。
5、確定關系詞的步驟
（1）先找關系詞，看先行詞指的是什麼。
（2）看關系詞在從句中所充當的成分。
6、在定語從句中，當先行詞指物時，下列情況的關系詞宜用that而不用which
（1）先行詞被①形容詞最高級 ②序數詞 ③數詞幾種詞修飾或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修飾時。
（2）先行詞為all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代詞時。
（3）先行詞中既有人又有物時。
He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.
（4）先行詞在主句中作表語關系詞在從句中作表語時。
The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
（5）當主句中含有疑問詞which時。
Which are the books that you bought for me ?
7、宜用which而不用that的情況
（1）在非限制性定語從句中
（2）在關系詞前有介詞時
（3）當先行詞本身是that時
（4）當關系詞離先行詞較遠時
8、關系詞who與that指人時，也有不同情況分別用不同的關系詞
（1）當主句是there be句型時，關系詞用who。
（2）先行詞是為anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等詞時，關系詞用who。
（3）當主句是who作疑問詞時，關系詞用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
（4）whom在從句中只作賓語，可被who取代。
9、whose作關系詞既指人又指物，在從句中作定語。如：
Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ?
There is a room, whose window faces the river.
There is a room, the window of which faces the river.
10、關系代詞as,在從句中作主語、賓語和表語。
（1）先行詞被such和the same修飾，或句型as many（much）中，從句都用as 引導。
Such books as you bought are useful.
The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.
注意：區別①such … that … 引導的結果狀語從句。They are such
lovely children that we love them much.②the same … that … 引導定語從句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.
（2）無先行詞的定語從句用as和which引導。
區別：①意義上：as 含有「這點正如……一樣」。②位置上：as 從句可置句首，也可在另處。
He didn』t pass the exam, as we had expected.
There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.
As is known, the earth is round, not flat.
11、關系副詞when與where、why、that
when 指時間 = in / at / on / ring which
where指地點 = in / at / from / which
why指原因 = for which
當先行詞為way、day、reason、time時，可用that作關系副詞。（非正式場合）
I don』t like the way that / in which / he talks.
當time作先行詞時，關系詞可以省掉。
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
12、必須注意的問題
（1）關系詞作主語時，從句中謂語的數。
（2）注意區別定語從句與強調句。
①定語從句中關系詞作從句成分，復合句。
②強調it無意義，that / who不是引導詞。
③強調it is / was和that / who後如果句子意思講得通則是強調句，講不通則不是。
It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定語從句)
It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（強調句）
（3）定語從句與同位語從句的區別。
①定語從句引導詞被稱為關系詞，that充當主語、賓語、表語。有時可省略。
②同位語從句引導詞被叫做連詞，that不能充當任何成分，不可省。
Word came that their army was defeated.(同位語)
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定語)
（4）關系詞在從句中省略的情況。
①關系詞作賓語，前無介詞時。
②關系詞作表語。
（5）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的翻譯。
（6）關系詞前有介詞或復雜介詞，關系詞只能是which和whom。
（7）幾個特殊的定語從句句型：
①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks
in the match.（句中one為先行詞）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students為先行詞）
②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?
Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?
③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
6. 高中英語知識點歸納有哪些
1、 be fond of「喜愛，愛好」接名詞、代詞或動詞的－ing形式。
He』s fond of swimming.
他喜歡游泳。
Are you fond of fresh vegetables.
你喜歡新鮮蔬菜嗎？
He is fond of his research work.
他喜愛他的研究工作。
2、hunt for = look for尋找
I have found the book I was hunting for.
我找到了那本我在找的書。
hunt for a job找工作
3、in order to/so as to：這兩個片語都可引導不定式作目的狀語，in order to可放於句首，so as to則不能，其否定形式為in order not to / so as not to.
He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.
他去北京是為了參加一個重要會議。
In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.
為了讓我們注意他，他朝我們又是叫喊又是揮手。
4、care about
1)喜歡，對……有興趣＝care for
She doesn』t care about money.
她不喜歡錢。
2）關心＝care for
She thinks only of herself. She doesn』t care about other people.
她只考慮自己。她不關心別人。
3）在乎，在意（接從句或不接任何成分）
These young people care nothing about what old people might say.
這些年輕人根本不在乎老人說的話。
5、such as意為「諸如……」，「像……」，是用來列舉人或事物的。
She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.
她教三門科目，像物理、化學。
6、 drop a line留下便條，寫封簡訊
7、make yourself at home別客氣；隨便；無拘束
If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.
如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝點飲料，隨便一點。
8、 stay up不睡；熬夜
（1）I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.
我將回家很晚，不要等我了。
（2）He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.
他熬夜看書直到凌晨兩點。
9、come about引起；發生；產生
（1）How did the accident come about?
這場事故是怎麼發生的？
（2）They didn't know how the change had come about.
他們不知道這個變化是怎樣產生的。
10、except for除……之外
（1）except與except for的用法常有區別。except多用於引起同類事物中被排除的一項。如：
①He answered all the questions except the last one.
除去最後一個，他回答了所有問題。
②We go there every day except Sunday.
除了星期天，我們天天去那裡。
（2）except for用於引述細節以修正句子的主要意思。如：
①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.
除去一個老太太，這輛公共汽車全空了。
②Your picture is good except for the colours.
你的畫兒很好，只是某些色彩有問題。
（3）但在現代英語中，except for也用於表示except的意思。如上述第一個例子可以是：
He answered all the questions except for the last one.
（4）另外，在介詞短語之前只能用except，不能用except for。
We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.
除了夏季，我們通常十點之前上床睡覺。
7. 求高一必修一英語一二單元知識點總結。
一、知識點
1. be good to 對……友好
be good for 對……有益；be bad to…/be bad for…
I will be good to other people.我會善良的對待其他人.
It would be good for you to spend a holiday in the sun. 在有陽光的地方度假會給你帶來很多好處。
The Olympics will be good for business. 奧運會的召開將有利於商業的發展。
be good at 擅長make good 有成就；成功as good as 實際上；幾乎等於
a good deal 許多，大量 徹底的；完全的；痛快的to have a good drink 喝個痛快
2. add up 加起來
add up to 合計，總計
add… to 把……加到…… add to 增加
Add up your score and see how many points you get? 把你的分數加起來，看看得多少？
Some people can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all.
Good friends do not add up what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed.
The figures add up to 270. 這些數字加起來是270。
You shouldn』t add fuel to the flame 你不應該火上加油
Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night. 焰火使節日的夜晚更加生色。
The bad weather added to the shipwrecked sailors』 difficulties.惡劣的天氣增加了失事船隻的船員們的困難。
Your friend can not go until he finishes cleaning his bike.
not…until/till 意思是「直到…才」，表示主句謂語所表示的動作直到until狀語所表示的時間才發生，主句的謂語動詞表示的是動作的開始，動詞既可以是延續性的，也可以是非延續性的。
They did not come back until eleven. 他們會在十一點後回來。
I did not notice it until yesterday.我一直到昨天才注重到它。
4. You had to pay to get it repaired
get sth done 使……完成/讓某人做某事
5. You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely!
calm …down使平息, 使平靜
calm down平息/平靜下來
The crying child soon calmed down.哭鬧的小孩不多一會就安靜下來。
It was a long time before he managed to calm himself down. 過了很久他才努力使自己冷靜下來。
We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying.
我們試圖讓他平靜下來，但他仍不停地哭著。
6. Tell your friend that you are concerned about him. be concerned about關心，掛念
He was very concerned about his children's ecation. 他很關心他兒子的教育。
Please don』t be concerned about me.請別為我操心。
Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她為什麼那麼關注他對她的工作的看法？
7. Your friend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.
go on holiday 度假
be on holiday 正在休假
What fun it will be when we all go on holiday together.我們大家一起去度假那可太有意思了.
take care of 愛護，照料
take care 注意，當心
You are not (physically) strong, so you may as well take care of your health. 你的體格不壯，因此最好注意健康。
8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose. 在遛狗的時候，你一粗心松開了手中的狗鏈。
當while, when, before, after 等引導的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時，可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。
walk sb home/ to a place: 為保證安全而陪某人去某地 It』s late ---- let me walk you home.
9. take one』s end-of-term exam 參加期末考試
10. 3) Your friend, who doesn』t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定語從句）
cheat in the exam 考試作弊
11. look at someone else』s paper 看別人的試卷
12. make a list of reasons 列舉一些原因
13. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位無話不談、能推心置腹的朋友嗎？
14. go through遭遇；經歷；熬過；用光(錢)；獲准，通過
It can go through the test of the time. 它能經受時間的考驗.
She knew that she had got to go through all the difficulties with her family.
He would go through fire and water for his country. 他願為國家赴湯蹈火。
15. hide away 躲藏；隱藏
16. I don』t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,…我不願像大多數人一樣在日記中記流水賬，……
Why don't you set your ideas down on paper?
We have had a series of stormy days when we were on the island.
The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report. 警察讓他在報告中寫下他所看見的事情。
16. I wonder if it』s because I haven』t been able to be outdoors for so long that I』ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。
17. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我記得非常清楚，曾有一段時間，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未使我心醉神迷過。
18. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
有一天晚上，我熬到11點半故意不睡覺，為的是獨自好好看看月亮一次。
19. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.但是因為月光太亮了，我不敢打開窗戶。
She speaks French far better than I, so I don't dare talk with her in French.
20. I happened to be upstairs at sk when the window was open. 黃昏時我碰巧在樓上，那時窗戶是開著的。
sth happen to sb 某人發生某事
What happened to him?
sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 正巧 it so happened that 。。。
It happened that he was seen by his father. = He happened to be seen by his father.
他碰巧被他父親看見了。
As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in. 正當我打算出去找他時，他恰巧進來。
The street lights go on at sk. 街上的路段在傍晚時分亮起來。
21. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. 這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。
It is the first (second…etc) that… (從句謂語動詞用現在完成時)
It was the first (second…etc) that… (從句謂語動詞用過去完成時)
the first time 可作從屬連詞用，引導時間狀語從句。The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.
It was the first time that I talked with a foreigner face to face.
I think we need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.
I have often heard of her. Actually, I've never met her face to face.
22. in one』s power 處於……的控制之中
I have got him in my power. I can ask him to do anything I want. 我控制了他，我可以讓他為我做任何事。
23. It』s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.觀看這些已不再是樂趣，因為大自然是你必須親身體驗的。
It』s no good/ use doing sth. 做某事時沒用的。
24. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.
25. suffer from 患…病; 受…苦痛;遭受
Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam. 世界上大多數大城市都交通堵塞為患。
26. It was such fun to watch it run loose in the park.
27. I』ve got tired of looking nature through dirty curtains and sty windows.
28. I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.
29. Mum asked her if she was very hot with so many clothes on.
with+名詞/代詞(賓格)+分詞/形容詞/介詞短語/不定式/副詞在句中常作伴隨狀語。動詞形式的選擇取決於賓語同動詞之間的邏輯關系。
The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
30. have some trouble with sb or sth. 在……上遇到了麻煩
I have some trouble with my studies.
31. get along … with sb/sth. 與某人相處怎樣/某事進展如何？
If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice. 如果你在和朋友的相處上有問題，你可以寫信給編輯向他徵求建議。
32. This has made me angry.
…he made her diary her best friend…
make 後接復合賓語，賓語補足語須用不帶to 的不定式、形容詞、過去分詞、名詞等。常見的有以下幾種形式:
make sb. do sth.讓(使)某人做某事。He was made to repeat it.(注意在被動句中，不定式前要加to)
make sb. /sth. +adj.使某人/物…We should do our best to make our country stronger and more beautiful.
make sb./ oneself +v-ed 讓某人/自己被…When you speak, you should make yourself understood.
(4) make sb.+n. 使某人成為…
make it n. /adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. We made him leader of our team. (注意表示職位的名詞前不加冠詞)
He made it easy for us to understand the text.
33. I』m not good at communicating with people.
34. Although I tried to talk to my classmates, I still found it hard to make friends with them.
35. I do want to change this situation, but I don』t know how.
36. Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 瓊斯先生單獨一人生活，常常感到孤獨。
37. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. 如果您給我提些建議，我會非常感謝的。 （I would be grateful if… 委婉客氣提出請求）
38. join in discussions and show interest in other people』s ideas
39. It』s a good habit for you to keep a diary. 記日記對你來說是個好習慣。
40. Why not have a try?
41.True friends are like wine; the older, the better.
42. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.
43. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
8. 高一英語知識點及語法
（一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。
1. 時態的變化：直接引語變為間接引語時，通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態，即把原來的時態向過去推，也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時，現在進行時變為過去進行時，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據意義進行相應的變化，例如：
She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,「These books are mine.」
→He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if；如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如：
She said,「Is your father at home?」
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式，並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣（即請求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：
She said to us,「Please sit down.」
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,「Go away!」
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
二. 各種時態的被動語態
被動語態概述
被動語態的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動語態的構成
被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下：
1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t.
7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞
注意：
1．除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如：Their questions haven』t got answered.
2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語，其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別：「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構，與被動語態的形式完全一樣，所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調動作；系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞，多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者，而後者則不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被動結構）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表結構）
系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾，被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如：
He was very excited.（系表結構）
He was much excited by her words.（被動結構）
5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
9. 高一英語必修一知識點句型
高中英語重點知識點小結
1.able 用法：be able to do
Note: 反義詞unable表示不能，而disabled表示殘疾的。
be able to do可以表示經過艱難困苦才能做到的事。
2.abroad 用法：表示到（在）國外，是一個副詞，前面不加介詞。
Note: 可以說from abroad, 表示從國外回來。
3.admit 用法：表示承認的時候後面要加上動名詞形式。
Note: 表示允許進入的時候與介詞to搭配。
4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doing
Note: 後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。
5.afford 用法：通常與動詞不定式搭配使用。
Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等詞。
6.after 用法：表示在時間、空間之後；be after表示追尋。
Note: 用在將來時的時候後面接一時間點，而in接一個時間段，如：after 3 o』clock; in 3 days.
7.agree 用法：與介詞on, to, with及動詞不定式搭配。
Note: agree on表示達成一致；agree to表示批准；agree with表示同意某人說的話。
8.alive 用法：表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。
Note: 可以作狀語使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive.
9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to do
Note: 可以表示允許進入，如：Please allow me in.
10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群體中。
Note: 還可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best.
11.and 用法：用於連接兩個詞、短語、句子或其他相同結構。
Note: 與祈使句搭配時往往可以表示條件。如：Work hard, and you』ll succeed sooner or later.
12.another 用法：表示又一個，泛指，相當於one more的含義。
Note: 不能直接加復數名詞，需要與一個數詞搭配，如：another 2 weeks.
13.answer 用法：及物動詞，但在作名詞時要與介詞to搭配。
Note: 可以表示接電話、應門等。如：answer the phone/door.
14.anxious 用法：be anxious for/about/to do
Note: be anxious about表示擔心；be anxious for表示盼望得到。
15.appear 用法：不及物動詞，沒有賓語，沒有被動語態。
Note: 還可以作為系動詞，與seem同義，表示看起來……。
16.arrive 用法：arrive at表示到一個小地方；arrive in表示到一個大地方。
Note: 引申含義表示得出，如：arrive at a decision/conclusion.
17.ask 用法：ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask for
Note: 後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：ask that sb. (should) do的形式。
18.asleep 用法：表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。
Note: 通常與動詞be及fall搭配；sound asleep表示熟睡。
19.attend 用法：表示參加，後面經常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等詞；也可以表示照顧，照料。
Note: attend to可以表示處理、照料等。
20.attention 用法：pay attention to; draw/catch sb』s attention
Note: 寫通知時的常用語：May I have your attention, please?
21.beat 用法：表示打敗某人，或連續不斷地擊打某物。
Note: heartbeat表示心跳。
22.because 用法：後面接原因狀語從句，because of後面接名詞。
Note: because表示直接原因，因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑問句及用在強調句中。
23.become 用法：系動詞，表示變得……。可以由好變壞或由壞變好。
Note: become of sb.表示某人發生了什麼事情。
24.before 用法：before long, long before, the day before yesterday, the week / year before last 上上周/前年
Note: It be + 段時間 before…在該句型中，主句時態只有將來時態和一般過去時態。
25.begin 用法：begin to do; begin doing
Note: 當begin本身是進行時的時候，只能用begin to do的形式。如：It was beginning to rain.
26.believe 用法：believe sb.表示相信某人說的話；believe in sb.表示信任；6123結構。
Note: 回答問句時通常用I believe so/not的形式。
27.besides 用法：表示除……之外還有，包含在一個整體之中。
Note: 還可以用作副詞，表示此外，要用逗號隔開。
28.beyond 用法：表示越過、在另一邊，如：beyond the wood/bridge.
Note: 可以用於引申含義，表示超出……，如：beyond control/power/description.
29.bit 用法：與a little一樣可以修飾不可數名詞，形容詞或副詞。
Note: 修飾名詞時要用a bit of；not a bit表示一點也不。
30.blame 用法：take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. sb.
Note: 表示應受到責怪時不用被動語態，如：He is to blame.
31.blow 用法：blow down/away
Note: 表示風颳得很大時要用blow hard.
32.boil 用法：boiling表示沸騰的；boiled表示煮過的。
Note: boiling point可以表示沸點。
33.borrow 用法：borrow表示借入：lend表示借出。
Note: 點動詞，不能表示借的時間長短。
34.breath 用法：hold one』s breath;out of breath; save one』s breath
Note: take a breath表示深吸一口氣；take breath表示喘口氣。
35.burn 用法：burn down/up/one』s hand
Note: burning表示點著的；burnt表示燒壞的。
36.business 用法：on business表示出差；in/out of business表示開/關張。
Note: 表示商業時不可數，表示具體的行業時可數。
37.busy 用法：be busy with/doing.
Note: 不能說My work is busy. 應說I am busy with my work.
38.buy 用法：buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.
Note: 點動詞，不能表示買的時間長短。
39.but 用法：not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 幾乎，差一點
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do，後面的to要省略。Not only… but also…引導的並列句，前倒後不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不，只能
40.by 用法：by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道，經由。by reason of 由於。by 引導的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態。
41.care 用法：take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎，常用於否定句；care for表示關心，喜愛，常用於肯定句。
42.carry 用法：carry表示搬運；carry on表示進行；堅持下去；carry out表示執行。
Note: carry沒有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。
43.case 用法：in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case後面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣，即in case sb. should do的形式。
44.catch 用法：catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with
Note: be caught表示陷入困境，如：He was caught in the rain.
45.cattle 用法：集合名詞，動詞要用復數形式。如：Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一頭牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十頭牛用ten head of cattle。
46.chance 用法：by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance後面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結構作定語。
47.change 用法：change A for B表示用A換成B；change A into B 表示把A變成B。
Note: 表示變化時是可數名詞，表示零錢時不可數。
48.class 用法：集合名詞，謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。
Note: in class表示在上課，in the class表示在班上。
49.close 用法：動詞表示關閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。
Note: close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近，而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。
50.clothes 用法：復數名詞，謂語動詞用復數，不能加不定冠詞。
Note: 要用few或many來修飾。
51. buy 用法：buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.
Note: 點動詞，不能表示買的時間長短。
52. but 用法：not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 幾乎，差一點
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do，後面的to要省略。Not only… but also…引導的並列句，前倒後不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不，只能
53. by 用法：by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道，經由。by reason of 由於。by 引導的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態。
54. call 用法： call for / up / back / in / , call on sb. to do sth., pay / make a call on sb. give sb. a call ,on call
Note: call at後面跟地點；call on 後面跟人。
55. care 用法：take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎，常用於否定句；care for表示關心，喜愛，常用於肯定句。
56. carry 用法：carry表示搬運；carry on表示進行；堅持下去；carry out表示執行。
Note: carry沒有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。
57. case 用法：in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case後面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣，即in case sb. should do的形式。
58. catch 用法：catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with, catch sb. doing sth.
Note: be caught表示陷入困境，如：He was caught in the rain.
59. cattle 用法：集合名詞，動詞要用復數形式。如：Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一頭牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十頭牛用ten head of cattle。
60. chance 用法：by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance後面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結構作定語。
61. change 用法：change A for B表示用A換成B；change A into B 表示把A變成B。
Note: 表示變化時是可數名詞，表示零錢時不可數。
62. charge用法：charge sb. with (doing) sth. that… , charge sb. to do sth. charge sb. for $
Note: in charge of 負責； in the charge of 由某人負責(表示的是被動的)。
63. class 用法：集合名詞，謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。
Note: in class表示在上課，in the class表示在班上。
64. clear用法：clear away, clear off, make clear, it is clear that…
Note: clear up 及物時表示「澄清，整理，收拾」；不及物表示「晴朗起來，開朗起來」。
65. close 用法：動詞表示關閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。
Note: close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近，而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。
66. clothes 用法：復數名詞，謂語動詞用復數，不能加不定冠詞。
Note: 要用few或many來修飾。
67. collect 用法：collect stamps; collect one』s child from school
Note: a collect phone表示對方付費的電話。
68. come 用法：表示到說話者所處的地方來。常見短語有：come to, come about, come across, come out,come to an end, come down, come up, come into being/ exist / force / effect等。
Note: 可用作系動詞，表示變成，如：His dreams came true.
69. common 用法：表示普遍性，如：Smith is a common name.
Note: common sense表示常識；in common表示共同點。
70. compare 用法：compare…with…表示把……與……作比較；compare…to…表示把……比作……。
Note: 用作狀語時，二者都可以表示比較，如：Compared with/to other women, she was very lucky.
71. consider用法：consider doing sth. / what to do / that...，consider sb. sth. 6123結構
Note: 該詞直接跟賓語用動名詞但可以用不定式作賓補；considering引導短語作狀語，表示「考慮到」
72. condition 用法：表示生活、工作等的條件或狀況。
Note: on condition that表示只要，條件狀語從句。
73. content 用法：be content with/to do
Note: 表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。
74. cost 用法：sth. cost sb. some money，只能用物作主語。
Note: 修飾cost要用副詞high或low.
75. cover 用法：be covered with表示狀態；be covered by表示動作。
Note: 反義詞uncover表示揭開蓋子；discover表示發現。
76. cross用法：cross off 劃掉，cross one』s mind, cross out, bear one』s cross 忍受痛苦
Note: 作形容詞一般用於be cross with sb. = be angry with sb.
77. crowd 用法：be crowded with
Note: 集合名詞，謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。
78. cure 用法：cure sb. of …
Note: cure 強調治癒，表示結果；而treat知表示動作。
79. cut 用法：cut down/up/off
Note: 作名詞時a short cut表示捷徑。
80. damage 用法：do damage to sb. = do sb. harm
Note: 表示損害的時候不可數，復數形式可以表示賠償費。
81. danger 用法：in danger表示處於危險的境地。
Note: 表示一般概念時不可數，表示具體危險時可數。
82. dare用法：作為情態動詞一般用於否定句，疑問句或者條件狀語從句；作為實意動詞後跟不定式。
Note: I dare say that….意為：我猜測，可能，或許。
83. dark 用法：before/after dark; in the dark
Note: 可以表示深色的，如：dark blue.
84. deal 用法：a great/good deal of修飾不可數名詞。
Note: 作動詞時構成短語deal with, 常與副詞how搭配。
85. defeat用法：及物動詞，後面的賓語是國家，隊，軍隊等名詞。
Note: 不能用人作賓語。
86. demand 用法：demand to do; demand that…, demand of sb. to do sth.
Note: 後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：demand that sb. (should) do的形式。
87. depend用法：depend on sb./ sth. / one』s doing sth. / to do sth.
Note: depend 不及物動詞，常和on連用。意為「依靠，信賴」
88. desert 用法：名詞表示沙漠；動詞表示拋棄。
Note: 可以用過去分詞作表語或定語，表示廢棄的，如：a deserted house.
89. determine 用法：determine to do; determine sb. to do
Note: 過去分詞表示有決心的，可以說be determined to do sth. 決心做…(表示狀態)
90. devote 用法：devote oneself to; be devoted to
Note: 與devote搭配的to是介詞，後面接名詞或動名詞。如：His whole life was devoted to teaching.
91. die 用法：die of/from/for/out/ away
Note: 點動詞，不與for引起的時間狀語連用。
92. difficulty 用法：have difficulty with; have difficulties with sth. ; have difficulty in doing sth. ;
Note: 表示一般概念時不可數，表示具體困難時可數。
93. disagree 用法：disagree with sb.
Note: disagree雖然在形式上有否定前綴，但並不是個否定詞。注意它的反義問句形式：He disagreed with you, didn』t he?
94. distance 用法：in the distance; at a distance
Note: 可用於引申含義，表示時間上或情感上的距離。
95. divide 用法：divide…into…表示把……分成幾份。強調分成等份。
Note: 可以表示除法，如：Nine divided by three is three.
96. do 用法：do away with, do sb. a faour; do up; do with., do wonders, do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb.
Note: 主要用作及物動詞；不及物時表示「行」：If you have no pen, pencil will do.
97. doubt用法：doubt sb. / sth. , beyond doubt, in doubt, no doubt, without a doubt
Note: 主句是否定句時賓語用that引導；主句是肯定句時賓語用whether / if引導。
98. downtown 用法：副詞，前面不加介詞，如：go downtown.
Note: 可用作定語，如：a downtown street.
99. draw 用法：draw a picture/the curtain
Note: 引申含義表示得出，如：draw a conclusion/lesson.
100. dream 用法：dream of/about/that…
Note: 可用同源詞構成短語：dream a dream.