❶ 求高一必修一英語一二單元知識點總結。
一、知識點
1. be good to 對……友好
be good for 對……有益；be bad to…/be bad for…
I will be good to other people.我會善良的對待其他人.
It would be good for you to spend a holiday in the sun. 在有陽光的地方度假會給你帶來很多好處。
The Olympics will be good for business. 奧運會的召開將有利於商業的發展。
be good at 擅長make good 有成就；成功as good as 實際上；幾乎等於
a good deal 許多，大量 徹底的；完全的；痛快的to have a good drink 喝個痛快
2. add up 加起來
add up to 合計，總計
add… to 把……加到…… add to 增加
Add up your score and see how many points you get? 把你的分數加起來，看看得多少？
Some people can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all.
Good friends do not add up what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed.
The figures add up to 270. 這些數字加起來是270。
You shouldn』t add fuel to the flame 你不應該火上加油
Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night. 焰火使節日的夜晚更加生色。
The bad weather added to the shipwrecked sailors』 difficulties.惡劣的天氣增加了失事船隻的船員們的困難。
Your friend can not go until he finishes cleaning his bike.
not…until/till 意思是「直到…才」，表示主句謂語所表示的動作直到until狀語所表示的時間才發生，主句的謂語動詞表示的是動作的開始，動詞既可以是延續性的，也可以是非延續性的。
They did not come back until eleven. 他們會在十一點後回來。
I did not notice it until yesterday.我一直到昨天才注重到它。
4. You had to pay to get it repaired
get sth done 使……完成/讓某人做某事
5. You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely!
calm …down使平息, 使平靜
calm down平息/平靜下來
The crying child soon calmed down.哭鬧的小孩不多一會就安靜下來。
It was a long time before he managed to calm himself down. 過了很久他才努力使自己冷靜下來。
We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying.
我們試圖讓他平靜下來，但他仍不停地哭著。
6. Tell your friend that you are concerned about him. be concerned about關心，掛念
He was very concerned about his children's ecation. 他很關心他兒子的教育。
Please don』t be concerned about me.請別為我操心。
Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她為什麼那麼關注他對她的工作的看法？
7. Your friend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.
go on holiday 度假
be on holiday 正在休假
What fun it will be when we all go on holiday together.我們大家一起去度假那可太有意思了.
take care of 愛護，照料
take care 注意，當心
You are not (physically) strong, so you may as well take care of your health. 你的體格不壯，因此最好注意健康。
8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose. 在遛狗的時候，你一粗心松開了手中的狗鏈。
當while, when, before, after 等引導的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時，可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。
walk sb home/ to a place: 為保證安全而陪某人去某地 It』s late ---- let me walk you home.
9. take one』s end-of-term exam 參加期末考試
10. 3) Your friend, who doesn』t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定語從句）
cheat in the exam 考試作弊
11. look at someone else』s paper 看別人的試卷
12. make a list of reasons 列舉一些原因
13. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位無話不談、能推心置腹的朋友嗎？
14. go through遭遇；經歷；熬過；用光(錢)；獲准，通過
It can go through the test of the time. 它能經受時間的考驗.
She knew that she had got to go through all the difficulties with her family.
He would go through fire and water for his country. 他願為國家赴湯蹈火。
15. hide away 躲藏；隱藏
16. I don』t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,…我不願像大多數人一樣在日記中記流水賬，……
Why don't you set your ideas down on paper?
We have had a series of stormy days when we were on the island.
The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report. 警察讓他在報告中寫下他所看見的事情。
16. I wonder if it』s because I haven』t been able to be outdoors for so long that I』ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。
17. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我記得非常清楚，曾有一段時間，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未使我心醉神迷過。
18. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
有一天晚上，我熬到11點半故意不睡覺，為的是獨自好好看看月亮一次。
19. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.但是因為月光太亮了，我不敢打開窗戶。
She speaks French far better than I, so I don't dare talk with her in French.
20. I happened to be upstairs at sk when the window was open. 黃昏時我碰巧在樓上，那時窗戶是開著的。
sth happen to sb 某人發生某事
What happened to him?
sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 正巧 it so happened that 。。。
It happened that he was seen by his father. = He happened to be seen by his father.
他碰巧被他父親看見了。
As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in. 正當我打算出去找他時，他恰巧進來。
The street lights go on at sk. 街上的路段在傍晚時分亮起來。
21. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. 這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。
It is the first (second…etc) that… (從句謂語動詞用現在完成時)
It was the first (second…etc) that… (從句謂語動詞用過去完成時)
the first time 可作從屬連詞用，引導時間狀語從句。The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.
It was the first time that I talked with a foreigner face to face.
I think we need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.
I have often heard of her. Actually, I've never met her face to face.
22. in one』s power 處於……的控制之中
I have got him in my power. I can ask him to do anything I want. 我控制了他，我可以讓他為我做任何事。
23. It』s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.觀看這些已不再是樂趣，因為大自然是你必須親身體驗的。
It』s no good/ use doing sth. 做某事時沒用的。
24. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.
25. suffer from 患…病; 受…苦痛;遭受
Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam. 世界上大多數大城市都交通堵塞為患。
26. It was such fun to watch it run loose in the park.
27. I』ve got tired of looking nature through dirty curtains and sty windows.
28. I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.
29. Mum asked her if she was very hot with so many clothes on.
with+名詞/代詞(賓格)+分詞/形容詞/介詞短語/不定式/副詞在句中常作伴隨狀語。動詞形式的選擇取決於賓語同動詞之間的邏輯關系。
The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
30. have some trouble with sb or sth. 在……上遇到了麻煩
I have some trouble with my studies.
31. get along … with sb/sth. 與某人相處怎樣/某事進展如何？
If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice. 如果你在和朋友的相處上有問題，你可以寫信給編輯向他徵求建議。
32. This has made me angry.
…he made her diary her best friend…
make 後接復合賓語，賓語補足語須用不帶to 的不定式、形容詞、過去分詞、名詞等。常見的有以下幾種形式:
make sb. do sth.讓(使)某人做某事。He was made to repeat it.(注意在被動句中，不定式前要加to)
make sb. /sth. +adj.使某人/物…We should do our best to make our country stronger and more beautiful.
make sb./ oneself +v-ed 讓某人/自己被…When you speak, you should make yourself understood.
(4) make sb.+n. 使某人成為…
make it n. /adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. We made him leader of our team. (注意表示職位的名詞前不加冠詞)
He made it easy for us to understand the text.
33. I』m not good at communicating with people.
34. Although I tried to talk to my classmates, I still found it hard to make friends with them.
35. I do want to change this situation, but I don』t know how.
36. Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 瓊斯先生單獨一人生活，常常感到孤獨。
37. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. 如果您給我提些建議，我會非常感謝的。 （I would be grateful if… 委婉客氣提出請求）
38. join in discussions and show interest in other people』s ideas
39. It』s a good habit for you to keep a diary. 記日記對你來說是個好習慣。
40. Why not have a try?
41.True friends are like wine; the older, the better.
42. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.
43. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
❷ 急需外研社高一英語必修一 各單元的知識點總結 包括重點短語
Unit 1
wake up醒來
wander off 漫步
most of the time 大部分時間
either…or… 或……或……
each other 互相
spend…(in)doing sth 花費時間做某事
be determined to do 決定做……
think about 看法
for example 舉例子
work out 得出；解決
argue for 為……辯護
argue with 與……爭論/爭辯
argue against 爭辯……
set up （具體）設置；安裝/（抽象）建立
do some research 做研究
choose to do sth. 寧願、偏要、決定做某事
catch one』s eye 引起某人的注意
care for 照顧
be intended for/to do 為……而准備、預定
reach a doctor 找到醫生
must have done 一定是；想必是
get a training 得到訓練
as well as ……也
second to 次於
get sb. into使某人進入/陷入
story after story 一個故事接著一個
day after day 一天又一天
deliver a baby 給……接生
make sure 確保
by the time 這時候
carry on 繼續
be concerned about 對……關心
put…to death 處死
devote…to…把……專注於……
rather than 不是……而是……
mean doing 意味著
mean to do 打算做……
settle down 安頓下來
apply to 應用到……
be prepared to 已經做好准備去做……
prepare to do 准備要做……
Unit2
if so 如果有……
if not 如果沒有……
know about 了解
call him a farmer 稱呼他為農民
in many ways 在許多方面
struggle for 為……斗爭
the past five decades 過去的五十年
be born in poverty 出生貧困
graate from 畢業於……
since then 從那以後
thanks to 由於
rid…of…使……擺脫……
be satisfied with 對……滿足
lead a … life 過著……生活
care about 在意……
used to 過去常常
be used to 被用來做；習慣於
get used to 習慣於
prefer to do sth. 更喜歡做某事
wish for 欲得到、願得到
no matter 無論
in need of 需要
refer to 談及；提到
be rich in 富含
insist on doing 堅持做……
ready to do sth 准備好要做沒某事
be against 反對
pay attention to 注意；留心
that is to say 換句說
be certain/sure to do 確信會做某事
persuade sb to do sth 說服某人干某事-結果成功
advise sb to do sth 勸說某人干某事-結果失敗
Unit3
bump into 撞上(=knock into)；碰見
be content with 對……滿足
worse off 境況差
astonish sb. with sth. 用某事物使某人震驚
be famous for 由於……而著名
in poverty 貧困
be well known 聞名
be set in 以……為背景
in search of 尋找
pick up 撿起
be caught in 被困在……
pick out （用個人喜好或希望進行）挑選
cut off切下
star in 表演
turn into 變為
ask for 要求……
no more than不超過
come across 走過來；偶然碰到
break down 把……分解/弄碎；損壞
fall over 摔翻
fall down 倒塌
do well in ……（方面）做得好
make a cup of tea 泡茶
bring out 取出；闡明
bring in 引入
a sense of ……觀念
Unit4
be interested in 對……感興趣
look around四周張望
send sb. to do 派遣某人……
even if 盡管
meet with(=come into)偶然碰到
may have done 某事可能已經做了（或發生）
reach out…for… 伸出……去……
not all 不是所有
spoken language 口語
close to 靠近
be likely to 有可能……
introce sth. to sb. 向某人介紹……
not…nor…既不……也不……
shake hands with(=shake one』s hand)與某人握手
all kinds of 多種多樣的……
be similar to 與……相似
at ease 安逸
up and down 上下
protect sb from V-ing/sth 從……保護某人
with your hands a little open 手微微張開
be willing to願意去做……
look sb. in the eye 正視/直視某人
take action 採取行動
watch out 小心
Unit5
provide sb. with…提供……
a bit 一會兒；一點兒
such as如……
a variety of 各種各樣的……
charge…for…向……收費
be based on 以……為基礎
not just 不僅僅
along with 連同……；伴隨……
come to life 活躍起來
have sth done 使得……；讓……被做
be named after 以……命名
be different from 與……不同
get close to 靠近
learn about（=learn of）學習；得知；聽到
take an active part in 積極參與
face to face 面對面
try out 試驗
large amounts of/a large amount of 大量（不可數）
point out 指出
at least 至少
❸ 高中英語必修一到必修四有哪些語法知識點，詳細歸納一下，謝謝
必修一到必修四的主要語法有：定語從句、時態語態、名詞性從句、情態動詞、非謂語和構詞法。
每個單元具體語法如下：
必修一
Unit 1 Friendship 直接引語和間接引語（1）陳述句和疑問句
Unit2 English around the world 直接引語和間接引語（2）請求與命令
Unit 3 Travel Journal 現在進行時表將來
Unit 4 Earthquake 定語從句（1）（that，which，who，和whose）
Unit5 Nelson Mandela 定語從句（關系代詞和關系副詞）
必修二
Unit 1 Cultural relics 定語從句（限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句）
Unit 2 The Olympic Games 一般將來時的被動語態的結構與用法
Unit3 Computers 現在完成時的被動語態的結構與用法
Unit4 Wildlife Protection 現在進行時的被動語態的結構與用法
Unit5 Music 定語從句（介詞+which）
必修三
Unit1 Festivals around the world 情態動詞(1)
Unit2 Healthy Eating 情態動詞（2）
Unit3 The million pound bank-note 賓語從句和表語從句
Unit4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 主語從句
Unit5 Canada-「The true North」 同位語從句
必修四
Unit1 Women of achievement 主謂一致
Unit2 Working the land 動詞的-ing形式作主語和賓語
Unit3 A taste of English humour 動詞的-ing形式作表語定語和賓語補足語
Unit4 Body language 動詞的-ing形式作定語和狀語
Unit5 Theme Parks 構詞法
有幫助的話採納下哈O(∩_∩)O~
❹ 蘇教版高一英語必修一語法知識點總結
一. 直接引語和間接引語 （一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。 1. 時態的變化：直接引語變為間接引語時，通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態，即把原來的時態向過去推，也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時，現在進行時變為過去進行時，等等。例如： Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」 →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據意義進行相應的變化，例如： She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」 →She asked Jack where he had been. He said,「These books are mine.」 →He said that those books were his. （二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if；如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如： She said,「Is your father at home?」 →She asked me if/whether my father was at home. 「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me. →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式，並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣（即請求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如： She said to us,「Please sit down.」 →She asked us to sit down. He said to him,「Go away!」 →He ordered him to go away. He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」 →He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各種時態的被動語態 被動語態概述 被動語態的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被動語態的構成 被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下： 1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t. 7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞 注意： 1．除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如：Their questions haven』t got answered. 2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如： More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語，其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如： The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別：「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構，與被動語態的形式完全一樣，所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調動作；系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞，多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者，而後者則不可以。例如： The map was changed by someone.（被動結構） That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表結構） 系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾，被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。 例如： He was very excited.（系表結構） He was much excited by her words.（被動結構） 5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如： These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。 The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。 The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
Unit 11. 片語： add up add up to add… to… add to calm… down have got to be concerned about / with walk the dog cheat … of go through go ahead go by set down set up set off set out a series of on purpose by accident/ chance in order to so as to in order that so as that at sk at dawn at midnight at noon face to face no longer not … any longer settle down suffer from recover from get/ be tired of make a list of list pack… up get along/ on with fall in love be grateful to sb. for sth. join in take part in join attend make sb/ sth + 賓語補足語 have something/ anything/ everything /nothing to do with it』s because….. +原因 it』s why…. + 結果 dare + (to) do (實義動詞) do (情態動詞) a year and a half it』s no pleasure+ doing sth happen to do sth have trouble with sb (in) doing sth exactly find it + adj. + to do sth make friends with swap … with it is / was + 序數詞 + that + has done / had done ….unit 2片語： because of come up come up with come in come on come out actually in fact as a matter of fact in reality be based on at present make use of make full/ good use of such as play a part/ role in recognize … as more than one + 謂語用單數 at the end of in the end at an end voyage tour travel journey than ever before even if / though communicate with those + 定語從句 用who 1600』s 1980s in + 物主代詞 + 數字的復數 in his forties the former the latter a number of the number of make sense usage VS use believe it or not there is no such + 名詞 （不加冠詞） the way + in which / that /省略 especially specially straight adj/ advunit 3片語： prefer to do , rather than do would rather do , than do would do , rather than do fare VS fee ever since it』s is / has been + 時間段 + since 從句 graate from/ in be fond of cut across cut up cut down care about care for determine to do sth = be determined to do sth change one』s mind make up one』s mind at an altitude of give in give up give off give out give away keep pace with as usual bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth unit 4片語：right away at once immediately burst into laughter/ tears burst out doing sth as if / though in ruins injure wound hurt destroy damage be trapped in dig out bury oneself in doing sth rise raise arise too… to be away it seems as if + 陳述語氣/ 虛擬語氣 act out be pleased / willing/ glad to do sthhonor in honor of be proud of express my thanks to unit 5片語： of high/ good quality devote to + doing found VS set up in principle in peace out of work in work out of control in control vote for vote against be equal to in trouble turn to turn on / off turn up / down lose heart lose one』s heart escape from / + doing sth come to power / in power be sentenced to in one』s opinion fight for / against blow up dream of/ about imagine doing sth the first time for the first time 語法點1. whether VS if 的用法2. tell sb to do sth ask sb not to do sth 3. be + doing 表將來4. 定語從句： 只用that 的情況 只用who 的情況 只用which的情況 as VS which the same … as / that… such… as as … as 介詞+ which/ whom which 引導一個句子的用法 非限制性定語從句which 引導一個句子的用法 非限制性定語從句 插入語 I think I believe I guess I thought 間隔式定語從句 Is this car the one he bought last year? Is this the car he bought last year? What 的用法5. will be done be about to be done be to be done be going to be done 6. has/ have been done 7. be being done 加always 表示一種厭煩等語氣8. 強調句 it is + 被強調部分 + that 從句 It is not until + 時間 + that 從句 特殊疑問詞 + is it that 從句 9. 倒裝句 部分否定，含有否定詞的 hardly never little only seldom 等， 把情態動詞，be 動詞， 助動詞提到主語 的前面10. as if , insist suggest request command ,從句用虛擬語氣， 用（should） do 。
❺ 高一英語必修一知識點
必修
I---Unit 5
I---V Nelson Mandela
—
a modern hero
一、知識點
1. A
great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
偉人是把自己的生命
奉獻給幫助別人的人。
（
He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the
science.
他開始研究生態學，
並決心將他的一生獻身於這門科學。
He devoted himself entirely to
music.
他將一生奉獻給了音樂。
）
2. fight against
對抗，反對，與„„作斗爭
We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice.
在共同反對非正義行為的斗爭中
,
我們都
是同志
.
People often have to fight for their liberty.
人們往往不得不為自由而戰。
He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.
他與他妻子總是在為
由誰來照看孩子而吵架。
3. He worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese soldiers.
作為一個醫生他
無私地在中國工作，並且拯救了很多中國戰士。
4. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people』s rights; people』s l
ivelihood.
他主張三民主義：民主、民權、民生。
5. be free from
免於，不受
A
judge must be free from prejudice.
法官必須不抱成見。
6. in a peaceful way
以和平的方式
7. be in prison
入獄，在獄中服刑
in the prison
在監獄
8. the same
„
as
„和„„一樣
9. the first man to land on the moon
第一個登上月球的人
10. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.
第一次見到他的時候是
在我一生中非常艱難的時期。
（定語從句）
11. He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.
他十分慷慨地給予我時間，
我為此非
常感激。
（
He is generous with his money.
他花錢大方。
I am grateful to you for helping me.
感謝
你的幫助。
Our grateful thanks are e to you.
我們衷心感謝你。
）
12. have little ecation
受的教育少
13. I could not read or write well.
我既不會讀也不會寫。
14. I worried about whether I would become out of work.
我擔心我是不是會失業。
15. I became more hopeful about my future.
我對自己的未來充滿了希望。
（
I am hopeful that
she will come tomorrow.
我對她明天要來抱著希望。
）
16. as soon as I could
盡快，
馬上
17. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress,
until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
（定語從句）
過去
30
年來所出現的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，
阻擋我們的進步，
一直到今天，
我們還處在幾乎什
么權利都沒有的階段。
（
The 19th century saw many changes.
許多變革發生於
19
世紀。
at an
early stage in our history
在我們的歷史早期）
18.
„
we were
put
into
a
position
in
which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.
我們被置於這樣一個境地：要麼我們被迫接受低人一等的現實，要麼
跟政府作斗爭。
❻ 高一英語必修一知識點句型
高中英語重點知識點小結
1.able 用法：be able to do
Note: 反義詞unable表示不能，而disabled表示殘疾的。
be able to do可以表示經過艱難困苦才能做到的事。
2.abroad 用法：表示到（在）國外，是一個副詞，前面不加介詞。
Note: 可以說from abroad, 表示從國外回來。
3.admit 用法：表示承認的時候後面要加上動名詞形式。
Note: 表示允許進入的時候與介詞to搭配。
4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doing
Note: 後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。
5.afford 用法：通常與動詞不定式搭配使用。
Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等詞。
6.after 用法：表示在時間、空間之後；be after表示追尋。
Note: 用在將來時的時候後面接一時間點，而in接一個時間段，如：after 3 o』clock; in 3 days.
7.agree 用法：與介詞on, to, with及動詞不定式搭配。
Note: agree on表示達成一致；agree to表示批准；agree with表示同意某人說的話。
8.alive 用法：表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。
Note: 可以作狀語使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive.
9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to do
Note: 可以表示允許進入，如：Please allow me in.
10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群體中。
Note: 還可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best.
11.and 用法：用於連接兩個詞、短語、句子或其他相同結構。
Note: 與祈使句搭配時往往可以表示條件。如：Work hard, and you』ll succeed sooner or later.
12.another 用法：表示又一個，泛指，相當於one more的含義。
Note: 不能直接加復數名詞，需要與一個數詞搭配，如：another 2 weeks.
13.answer 用法：及物動詞，但在作名詞時要與介詞to搭配。
Note: 可以表示接電話、應門等。如：answer the phone/door.
14.anxious 用法：be anxious for/about/to do
Note: be anxious about表示擔心；be anxious for表示盼望得到。
15.appear 用法：不及物動詞，沒有賓語，沒有被動語態。
Note: 還可以作為系動詞，與seem同義，表示看起來……。
16.arrive 用法：arrive at表示到一個小地方；arrive in表示到一個大地方。
Note: 引申含義表示得出，如：arrive at a decision/conclusion.
17.ask 用法：ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask for
Note: 後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：ask that sb. (should) do的形式。
18.asleep 用法：表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。
Note: 通常與動詞be及fall搭配；sound asleep表示熟睡。
19.attend 用法：表示參加，後面經常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等詞；也可以表示照顧，照料。
Note: attend to可以表示處理、照料等。
20.attention 用法：pay attention to; draw/catch sb』s attention
Note: 寫通知時的常用語：May I have your attention, please?
21.beat 用法：表示打敗某人，或連續不斷地擊打某物。
Note: heartbeat表示心跳。
22.because 用法：後面接原因狀語從句，because of後面接名詞。
Note: because表示直接原因，因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑問句及用在強調句中。
23.become 用法：系動詞，表示變得……。可以由好變壞或由壞變好。
Note: become of sb.表示某人發生了什麼事情。
24.before 用法：before long, long before, the day before yesterday, the week / year before last 上上周/前年
Note: It be + 段時間 before…在該句型中，主句時態只有將來時態和一般過去時態。
25.begin 用法：begin to do; begin doing
Note: 當begin本身是進行時的時候，只能用begin to do的形式。如：It was beginning to rain.
26.believe 用法：believe sb.表示相信某人說的話；believe in sb.表示信任；6123結構。
Note: 回答問句時通常用I believe so/not的形式。
27.besides 用法：表示除……之外還有，包含在一個整體之中。
Note: 還可以用作副詞，表示此外，要用逗號隔開。
28.beyond 用法：表示越過、在另一邊，如：beyond the wood/bridge.
Note: 可以用於引申含義，表示超出……，如：beyond control/power/description.
29.bit 用法：與a little一樣可以修飾不可數名詞，形容詞或副詞。
Note: 修飾名詞時要用a bit of；not a bit表示一點也不。
30.blame 用法：take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. sb.
Note: 表示應受到責怪時不用被動語態，如：He is to blame.
31.blow 用法：blow down/away
Note: 表示風颳得很大時要用blow hard.
32.boil 用法：boiling表示沸騰的；boiled表示煮過的。
Note: boiling point可以表示沸點。
33.borrow 用法：borrow表示借入：lend表示借出。
Note: 點動詞，不能表示借的時間長短。
34.breath 用法：hold one』s breath;out of breath; save one』s breath
Note: take a breath表示深吸一口氣；take breath表示喘口氣。
35.burn 用法：burn down/up/one』s hand
Note: burning表示點著的；burnt表示燒壞的。
36.business 用法：on business表示出差；in/out of business表示開/關張。
Note: 表示商業時不可數，表示具體的行業時可數。
37.busy 用法：be busy with/doing.
Note: 不能說My work is busy. 應說I am busy with my work.
38.buy 用法：buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.
Note: 點動詞，不能表示買的時間長短。
39.but 用法：not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 幾乎，差一點
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do，後面的to要省略。Not only… but also…引導的並列句，前倒後不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不，只能
40.by 用法：by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道，經由。by reason of 由於。by 引導的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態。
41.care 用法：take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎，常用於否定句；care for表示關心，喜愛，常用於肯定句。
42.carry 用法：carry表示搬運；carry on表示進行；堅持下去；carry out表示執行。
Note: carry沒有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。
43.case 用法：in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case後面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣，即in case sb. should do的形式。
44.catch 用法：catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with
Note: be caught表示陷入困境，如：He was caught in the rain.
45.cattle 用法：集合名詞，動詞要用復數形式。如：Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一頭牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十頭牛用ten head of cattle。
46.chance 用法：by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance後面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結構作定語。
47.change 用法：change A for B表示用A換成B；change A into B 表示把A變成B。
Note: 表示變化時是可數名詞，表示零錢時不可數。
48.class 用法：集合名詞，謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。
Note: in class表示在上課，in the class表示在班上。
49.close 用法：動詞表示關閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。
Note: close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近，而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。
50.clothes 用法：復數名詞，謂語動詞用復數，不能加不定冠詞。
Note: 要用few或many來修飾。
51. buy 用法：buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.
Note: 點動詞，不能表示買的時間長短。
52. but 用法：not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 幾乎，差一點
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do，後面的to要省略。Not only… but also…引導的並列句，前倒後不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不，只能
53. by 用法：by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道，經由。by reason of 由於。by 引導的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態。
54. call 用法： call for / up / back / in / , call on sb. to do sth., pay / make a call on sb. give sb. a call ,on call
Note: call at後面跟地點；call on 後面跟人。
55. care 用法：take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎，常用於否定句；care for表示關心，喜愛，常用於肯定句。
56. carry 用法：carry表示搬運；carry on表示進行；堅持下去；carry out表示執行。
Note: carry沒有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。
57. case 用法：in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case後面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣，即in case sb. should do的形式。
58. catch 用法：catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with, catch sb. doing sth.
Note: be caught表示陷入困境，如：He was caught in the rain.
59. cattle 用法：集合名詞，動詞要用復數形式。如：Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一頭牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十頭牛用ten head of cattle。
60. chance 用法：by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance後面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結構作定語。
61. change 用法：change A for B表示用A換成B；change A into B 表示把A變成B。
Note: 表示變化時是可數名詞，表示零錢時不可數。
62. charge用法：charge sb. with (doing) sth. that… , charge sb. to do sth. charge sb. for $
Note: in charge of 負責； in the charge of 由某人負責(表示的是被動的)。
63. class 用法：集合名詞，謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。
Note: in class表示在上課，in the class表示在班上。
64. clear用法：clear away, clear off, make clear, it is clear that…
Note: clear up 及物時表示「澄清，整理，收拾」；不及物表示「晴朗起來，開朗起來」。
65. close 用法：動詞表示關閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。
Note: close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近，而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。
66. clothes 用法：復數名詞，謂語動詞用復數，不能加不定冠詞。
Note: 要用few或many來修飾。
67. collect 用法：collect stamps; collect one』s child from school
Note: a collect phone表示對方付費的電話。
68. come 用法：表示到說話者所處的地方來。常見短語有：come to, come about, come across, come out,come to an end, come down, come up, come into being/ exist / force / effect等。
Note: 可用作系動詞，表示變成，如：His dreams came true.
69. common 用法：表示普遍性，如：Smith is a common name.
Note: common sense表示常識；in common表示共同點。
70. compare 用法：compare…with…表示把……與……作比較；compare…to…表示把……比作……。
Note: 用作狀語時，二者都可以表示比較，如：Compared with/to other women, she was very lucky.
71. consider用法：consider doing sth. / what to do / that...，consider sb. sth. 6123結構
Note: 該詞直接跟賓語用動名詞但可以用不定式作賓補；considering引導短語作狀語，表示「考慮到」
72. condition 用法：表示生活、工作等的條件或狀況。
Note: on condition that表示只要，條件狀語從句。
73. content 用法：be content with/to do
Note: 表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。
74. cost 用法：sth. cost sb. some money，只能用物作主語。
Note: 修飾cost要用副詞high或low.
75. cover 用法：be covered with表示狀態；be covered by表示動作。
Note: 反義詞uncover表示揭開蓋子；discover表示發現。
76. cross用法：cross off 劃掉，cross one』s mind, cross out, bear one』s cross 忍受痛苦
Note: 作形容詞一般用於be cross with sb. = be angry with sb.
77. crowd 用法：be crowded with
Note: 集合名詞，謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。
78. cure 用法：cure sb. of …
Note: cure 強調治癒，表示結果；而treat知表示動作。
79. cut 用法：cut down/up/off
Note: 作名詞時a short cut表示捷徑。
80. damage 用法：do damage to sb. = do sb. harm
Note: 表示損害的時候不可數，復數形式可以表示賠償費。
81. danger 用法：in danger表示處於危險的境地。
Note: 表示一般概念時不可數，表示具體危險時可數。
82. dare用法：作為情態動詞一般用於否定句，疑問句或者條件狀語從句；作為實意動詞後跟不定式。
Note: I dare say that….意為：我猜測，可能，或許。
83. dark 用法：before/after dark; in the dark
Note: 可以表示深色的，如：dark blue.
84. deal 用法：a great/good deal of修飾不可數名詞。
Note: 作動詞時構成短語deal with, 常與副詞how搭配。
85. defeat用法：及物動詞，後面的賓語是國家，隊，軍隊等名詞。
Note: 不能用人作賓語。
86. demand 用法：demand to do; demand that…, demand of sb. to do sth.
Note: 後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：demand that sb. (should) do的形式。
87. depend用法：depend on sb./ sth. / one』s doing sth. / to do sth.
Note: depend 不及物動詞，常和on連用。意為「依靠，信賴」
88. desert 用法：名詞表示沙漠；動詞表示拋棄。
Note: 可以用過去分詞作表語或定語，表示廢棄的，如：a deserted house.
89. determine 用法：determine to do; determine sb. to do
Note: 過去分詞表示有決心的，可以說be determined to do sth. 決心做…(表示狀態)
90. devote 用法：devote oneself to; be devoted to
Note: 與devote搭配的to是介詞，後面接名詞或動名詞。如：His whole life was devoted to teaching.
91. die 用法：die of/from/for/out/ away
Note: 點動詞，不與for引起的時間狀語連用。
92. difficulty 用法：have difficulty with; have difficulties with sth. ; have difficulty in doing sth. ;
Note: 表示一般概念時不可數，表示具體困難時可數。
93. disagree 用法：disagree with sb.
Note: disagree雖然在形式上有否定前綴，但並不是個否定詞。注意它的反義問句形式：He disagreed with you, didn』t he?
94. distance 用法：in the distance; at a distance
Note: 可用於引申含義，表示時間上或情感上的距離。
95. divide 用法：divide…into…表示把……分成幾份。強調分成等份。
Note: 可以表示除法，如：Nine divided by three is three.
96. do 用法：do away with, do sb. a faour; do up; do with., do wonders, do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb.
Note: 主要用作及物動詞；不及物時表示「行」：If you have no pen, pencil will do.
97. doubt用法：doubt sb. / sth. , beyond doubt, in doubt, no doubt, without a doubt
Note: 主句是否定句時賓語用that引導；主句是肯定句時賓語用whether / if引導。
98. downtown 用法：副詞，前面不加介詞，如：go downtown.
Note: 可用作定語，如：a downtown street.
99. draw 用法：draw a picture/the curtain
Note: 引申含義表示得出，如：draw a conclusion/lesson.
100. dream 用法：dream of/about/that…
Note: 可用同源詞構成短語：dream a dream.
❼ 那個高一英語必修一和必修二的知識點整理誰有啊
必修1 mole 2 My New Teachers
1, amusing 有趣的，可笑的
amused 感到有趣的，高興的。 be amused at/ by / with 以…為樂
The students were amused by Liu Qian』s tricks.
2, energetic, 精力充沛的。 energy n. 能源，精力， 活力。
Heat is a form of energy.
He is an energetic man. He works until midnight every day.
3, nervous 緊張的，焦慮的 be nervous about / at sth. 因某事而緊張不安
be nervous of sth. 害怕某事
I am nervous of large crowd
4, patient 有耐心的 patience n. 耐心
be patient of sth. 忍耐某事 be patient with sb. 對某人有耐心
with patience = patiently 耐心地 be out of patience with 對…失去耐心
As a teacher, she is very patient with her students.
5, strict 嚴格的 be strict with sb 對某人嚴厲 be strict in sth 對某事…嚴格
My parents are very strict with me. / He sat patiently waiting for her turn.
6, they say that first impressions are …= It is said = sb is said to do 據說
7, impression n. 印象 make a good / bad /strong impression on sb.
給某人留下好 / 壞 / 深刻印象
My words made no impression on her.
His trip to the Beijing Olympics made a strong impression on him
8,I think perhaps she was, as was her first lesson with us.
as 在此處表示原因 表原因的詞語辨析
because = in that 回答why 引起的問句
since = now that 主要是說明顯然的，已知的理由。
as 放在主句的後面，表示客觀的原因
as 用法小拓
（1）盡管。只用於倒裝句 Young as he is, he knows a lot.
(2) 在限制性和非限制性定語從句中作關系代詞
This is the same bag as I lost. / He is good at math, as we all know.
as 常用片語
（1） as ….as / not as …..as
(2) as if / as though 似乎，好像。
(3）as soon as 一…就…
（4）as long as 只要
9, English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it.
so + adj. + a / an + 單數名詞 + that （ so that = in order that )
such a / an + adj. + 單數名詞 + that
many 可數名詞復數
so much + 不可數名詞
little 不可數名詞
few 可數名詞復數
10, make progress 取得進步
Work hard, and make progress every day. / Tom, you make great progress in your English.
11, unless =if…not 要不是，除非
You will fail unless you work hard. = You will fail if you don』t work hard.
12, admit 承認 admit doing sth 承認做某事
admit sb. to do sth. 容許/ 承認某人做某
be admitted to / into ….university 被…大學錄取
13，dare 可做情態動詞，也可做實義動詞。
做情態動詞時通常用於疑問句， 否定句，條件狀語從句以及表示懷疑的句子
ig. He dare not go home alone at night.
He doesn』t dare to go home alone at night.
14，as a result 結果 ，常做狀語，前面常有一個表示原因的句子。
She runs every day, as a result, she has lost weight.
as a result of = because of . He was late as a result of the traffic jam.
result from 因…而發生 The traffic accident resulted from the drunk driving.
result in 導致 The drunk driving resulted in the traffic accident.
15, do well in = be good at 在…做得好，擅長於。
I think that I will do well in the exam with Mrs. Chen teaching me
16. In fact = as a matter of fact 事實上。
He loves it ---- in fact! He』s got so much energy.
17,get bored 厭倦，厭煩
The boy got bored staying at home alone.
He』s really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we』re getting bored
18, 寧願 / 寧可… 而不是
（1）would rather do sth than do sth. (2) would do sth rather than do sth.
(3) prefer to do than do (4) prefer doing to doing
ig. I would rather watch TV at home than play football outdoors.
He would work it out alone rather than turn to others for help.
I prefer walking to cycling.
19, either…or… 或者….或者…
We can either do some translation or we can do some revision
20, with 的復合結構
with + n. / prop. + v.ed 表示被動或完成了的動作
with + n./ prop.+ to do 表示將要發生的動作
with + n. / prop. + ving 表示動作同時發生
with + n./ prop. + 介詞短語 表示狀態或說明情況
with + n./ prop. + adv. 表示情況或狀態
with +n. / prop. + adj. 表示情況或狀態
21, make sure 確定，確信，查明，弄清楚
Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave the classroom
22, a couple of 一些， 幾個，兩個， 兩件事
I saw a couple of men get out. There are a couple of things I need to do.
23, have problems with 在…方面有問題
Do you have any problems with your English study?
24, have you got that? 你明白嗎？ She didn』t get the joke.
25, That』s settled 一切都定下來了。
So , that』s settled, we』ll start at nine tomorrow
26, It』s up to you. 由你來定。
You decide – it』s up to you. / It』s not up to you to tell me how to do my job.
27, be true of 表示（某種情況）適合於…， 合乎於…的事實
The food is good and the same is true of the service in this restaurant.
be true of life 栩栩如生 come true 成為現實
28, relationship between A and B
The relationship between teachers and students is much friendlier and more relaxed
29, be relaxed with each other 輕松交往
In America, students and teachers are quite relaxed with each other
30, fall asleep ,入睡， 睡著
He』s got so much energy, this is one class you do not fall asleep in!
31,consider
consider doing 考慮做某事
consider sb /sth to do sth .認為某人要做某事 / 覺得某人要做某事
consider sb as sth 把某人認作某物
consider that
It is considered that 句子 = 句子主語 + be considered
Considering sth. / that … 鑒於。考慮到。
Grammar : Verbs followed by –ing.
mind , finish, advice, avoid, consider, enjoy, imagine, escape, keep,
practice, risk , miss, suggest, resist, appreciate, prevent.
❽ 高一英語必修一語法復習提綱
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈 新年快樂哈
一. 直接引語和間接引語
（一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。
1. 時態的變化：直接引語變為間接引語時，通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態，即把原來的時態向過去推，也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時，現在進行時變為過去進行時，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據意義進行相應的變化，例如：
She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,「These books are mine.」
→He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if；如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如：
She said,「Is your father at home?」
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式，並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣（即請求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：
She said to us,「Please sit down.」
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,「Go away!」
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
二. 各種時態的被動語態
被動語態概述
被動語態的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動語態的構成
被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下：
1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t.
7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞
注意：
1．除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如：Their questions haven』t got answered.
2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語，其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別：「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構，與被動語態的形式完全一樣，所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調動作；系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞，多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者，而後者則不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被動結構）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表結構）
系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾，被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如：
He was very excited.（系表結構）
He was much excited by her words.（被動結構）
5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
❾ 人教版高一英語必修一各個單元的語法知識點
一． 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數（he she it）則動詞要用單三現
二． 現在進行時
1． 說話時正在進行的動作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作，多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中，句子中常常有時間狀語
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的復合結構
1． With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語，如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等，with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1．基本表達式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作，並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（動作還將繼續下去）
3．表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會繼續等)
4．有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5．大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（動作還將繼續下去）
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.（動作已經完成）
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6．表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如：I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡， hate討厭，等。
注意：比較過去時與現在完成時
1．過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2．過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3．現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（強調看的動作發生過了。）
I have seen this film.
（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．過去完成時
1． 概念：表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．現在完成進行時
1．其構成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下：
2． 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在，可以包括現在在內的一個階段內，重復發生的行動，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響，而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身，如：
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過，我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6．否定句構成：
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7．一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他