❶ 初中英語知識點總結 中考備考必看
為了讓同學們中考更有效率的復習,下面我整理了初中英語知識點,希望同學們能夠掌握這些知識點,供大家參考。
英語詞類
十種:名詞、形容詞、代詞、數詞、冠詞、動詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞。
1、名詞(n.):表示人、事物、地點或抽象概念的名稱。如:boy,morning,bag,ball,class,orange.
2、代詞(pron.):主要用來代替名詞。如:who,she,you,it.
3、形容詞(adj..):表示人或事物的性質或特徵。如:good,right,white,orange.
4、數詞(num.):表示數目或事物的順序。如:one,two,three,first,second,third,fourth.
5、動詞(v.):表示動作或狀態。如:am,is,are,have,see.
6、副詞(adv.):修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞,說明時間、地點、程度等。如:now,very,here,often,quietly,slowly.
7、冠詞(art..):用在名詞前,幫助說明名詞。如:a,an,the.
8、介詞(prep.):表示它後面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關系。如in,on,from,above,behind.
9、連詞(conj.):用來連接詞、短語或句子。如and,but,before.
10、感嘆詞(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、樂等感情。如:oh,well,hi,hello.
句子成分
1、主語是句子所要說的人或事物,回答是「誰」或者「什麼」。通常用名詞或代詞擔任。如:I』m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)
2、謂語動詞說明主語的動作或狀態,回答「做(什麼)」。主要由動詞擔任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (傑克每天打掃房間)
3、表語在系動詞之後,說明主語的身份或特徵,回答是「什麼」或者「怎麼樣」。通常由名詞、代詞或形容詞擔任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4、賓語表示及物動詞的對象或結果,回答做的是「什麼」。通常由名詞或代詞擔任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼這個詞)
有些及物動詞帶有兩個賓語,一個指物,一個指人。指物的叫直接賓語,指人的叫間接賓語。間接賓語一般放在直接賓語的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他給我寫了一封信)
有時可把介詞to或for加在間接賓語前構成短語,放在直接賓語後面,來強調間接賓語。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他給我寫了一封信)
5、定語修飾名詞或代詞,通常由形容詞、代詞、數詞等擔任。如:Shanghai is a big city .(上海是個大城市)
6、狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞,通常由副詞擔任。如:He works hard .(他工作努力)
7、賓語補足語用來說明賓語怎麼樣或干什麼,通常由形容詞或動詞充當。如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他們通常讓教室保持清潔) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常幫我做功課) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老師要我自學法語)
八種基本時態
1.一般現在時
概念:表示經常發生的動作或經常存在的狀態。
常和always,often,usually,sometimes,every day等表時間的狀語連用。
構成:1)主語+be(am/are/is)+……
2)主語+實義動詞/三單動詞+…
2.一般過去時
概念:1)表示過去某個時間發生的動作或存在的狀態.
常和表示過去的時間狀語連用.如:yesterday,last week,in 1998,two days ago等.
2)也可表示過去經常或反復發生的動作.
構成:1)主語+be(was/were)+……
2)主語+實義動詞過去式+
3.現在進行時
概念:表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行或發生的動作.
構成:主語+助動詞be(am/are/is+動詞-ing形式構成.
4.過去進行時
概念:表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間正在進行的動作.這一特定的過去時間除了有上下文暗示外,一般用時間狀語來表示.
構成:主語+助動詞be(was/were)+動詞-ing形式構成.
5.一般將來時
概念:表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態,也表示將來經常或反復發生的動作,常與表示將來的時間狀語連用,如:tomorrow,next week,next year,in the future等.
構成:1)主語+助動詞will+動原+…
2)主語+be goingto+動原+….
6.過去將來時
概念:表示在過去將來的某一時間發生的動作或存在的狀態.
構成:1)主語(第一人稱)+助動詞should+動原+…
2)主語+would+動原+….
3)主語+was/ were going to+動原…
用法:過去將來時除了上下文暗示外,一般常用在間接引語中,主句謂語動詞為過去時態.
7.現在完成時
構成:主語+助動詞(have/has)+動詞過去分詞+…
用法:表示過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果.
8.過去完成時
構成:主語+助動詞had+動詞過去分詞+…
用法
表示過去在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成了的動作.它表示的動作發生的時間是」過去的過去」.表示過去某一時間可用by,before等構成的短語,也可用when,before,等引導的從句或者通過上下文表示.
構詞法
1、合成法:如:spaceship,headache,basketball,playground等等。
2、派生法:
(1)派生名詞:①動詞+er/or②動詞+ing③動詞+(t)ion④形容詞+ness⑤其他,如:inventor,learner,swimming,congratulation,kindness,carelessness,knowledge
(2)派生形容詞:①名詞+y②名詞+ful③動詞+ing/ed④friendly⑤dangerous⑥Chinese;Japanese⑦English⑧French⑨German⑩國名+(i)an如:snowy,sunny,hopeful,beautiful,interesting,follwing,daily(每日的),nervous,delicious
(3)派生副詞:①形容詞+ly②其它,如:slowly,angrily,full→fully,good→well,possible→possibly等等。
3、轉換法:
(1)形容詞→動詞,如:dry(乾燥的)→dry(弄乾),clean(干凈的)→clean(打掃,弄乾凈),等等。
(2)動詞→名詞,如:look,walk,rest,work,study,swim,go,talk等等。
(3)名詞→動詞,如:hand(手)→(傳遞),face(臉)→(面對)等等。
(4)形容詞→副詞,如:early→early,fast→fast等等。
(5)副詞→連詞,如:when(什麼時候)→(當……時候),等等。
(6)介詞→副詞,如:in(到……里)→(在裡面;在家),on(在…上)→(進行,繼續),等等。
❷ 高中英語重要連詞歸納
(一), 並列連詞
1, and連接語法作用相同的部分.
Let me know what you saw and heard in Europe.
如果連接的兩個名詞是指同一個人而有兩種身份時,第二個名詞前不要加冠詞或所有格.
Her husband is a singer and songwriter.
祈使句+and代替條件句.
Work hard and you will pass the examination.
(1) 由and連接的兩個單數名詞(2)and前面的主語
之前有every, each, no, many a的時候用單數謂語動詞.
Every train and bus was crowded with many people.
2, both+主語+and+主語+"復數謂語動詞"
Both Tom and Jerry are going to the cinema.
3, not only…but (also)如果連接兩個主語,謂語動詞臨近原則.
Not only he but also his parents are very kind to me.
4, as well as後面的主語不作為成分.
This study, as well as many other reports, shows that cancer can be cured.
後面如果接動詞一定要用動名詞.
She sings as well as playing the piano.
5, nor是否定連接詞, 後面接的句子應倒裝.
I don't know, nor do I care.
因為nor是連接兩個句子, 如果連接的不是句子,而且前面有否定詞的時候,不用nor而是用or. 除neither以外
Never try to talk or argue with Mary.
6, but除了可以連接句子表示轉折以外,還可以用在no one, none, nobody, nothing, all, every等詞之後表示"除了…以外"
He tried hard but he was unsuccessful.
All the boys but one are here.
7, however, nevertheless, still, yet,含意相同相當於"but…anyway".
adv. (conj)
The car was old, yet(nevertheless) it was in excellent condition.
She has her weaknesses, yet(but) that doesn't mean she is not qualified for the job.
He lied to me, yet I still believe him.
8, while表示的是"相反的",也可以用but, however, on the other hand來代替.
While some people have nothing to eat, others eat too much.
9, or連接句子或片語 "或者"
Which do you prefer, yellow, blue or red?
Was he angry, or was he pretending?
10, or, or else, otherwise都是否則的意思.
Be quick, or/otherwise you will be late.
11, either … or/neither … nor的動詞同樣是臨近原則.
Either Mary or her parents are going by bus.
There is neither electricity nor free suppers in the hotel.
12, so表示因此, 相當於therefore.(adv.)
They cost a lot of money, so use them carefully.
It is very cold. Therefore, we should stay here.
13, then (adv)然後,而後,其次
I dropped in at her house and then I went home.
14, for不可以放在句首;之前必須由逗號; 表示推論的理由
They must be good friends, for they are always together.
(二), 從屬連詞
1, that引導名詞性從句(主語/賓語/表語從句),同位語從句,定語從句,…
That smoking can cause cancer is known to all.
I was surprised to hear that he became the president.
2, whether/if(是否) if 能引導賓語語從句
Please tell me whether it is true or not.
I haven't decided whether/if I'll go with you.
在介詞後,名詞後,不定式前和有or not的句子中用whether.
I am worried about whether she is happy.
3, when, while, as
when 在---時刻或時期,可指時間點或時間段,從句動詞是終止或持續動詞.When I got home, he was having supper.
When I was young, I liked dancing.
As 表示"邊---邊---"或"與---同時"表示動作同時發生伴隨進行.動詞相似.如終止性動詞為從句,則主句也為終止性動詞.
They talked as they walked.
While表示只是時間段,不是時間點,從句的動詞只限於持續動詞.
While I slept a thief broke in.
When 可以表示主句和從句先後發生.
When he has finished his work, he takes a short rest.
When 從句為終止動詞不能為while 替換
When he came yesterday, we were playing basketball.
如從句動詞為終止性動詞,主句也是終止性動詞 when 和as 可以互換.
He came just as I reached the door.
從句表示狀態可以用while.
We should strike while the iron is hot.
4, after/before
After her husband died she had to take everything on herself.
Take the medicine before you go to bed.
5, since引導的從句是肯定句,一般主句都是完成時,
在it is … since這個結構里,從句可用過去時或現在完成時.
若是"it was … since"從句必須用過去完成時.
She has had another baby since we met.
It is two years since I last saw you.
It was two years since I had played cards.
6, till/until其中until較為常用, till是口語.
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
7, as soon as
I'll tell him the news as soon as I see him.
8, once(一旦)相當於as soon as
Once he dies, everything will change.
9, because/since/as表示直接原因的時候不能用since或as.其他情況可以用.since-既然as- 由於(語氣弱).
10, so/such… that 結果狀語從句(程度)
She was so moved that tears came to her eyes.
They took such care of her that not long after she was restored to health.
11, so/such that(結果狀語從句/目的狀語從句), in order to/that…目的狀語從句
They set out early so that they might arrive in time. 目的狀語從句
Say slowly so that I can understand it.
It was raining, so that we could not go out. 結果狀語從句(原因)
12, if(假如,如果)不能用whether.
If you call him a fatty, he will get angry.
13, unless=if not
You can not interview him unless you get the permission.
14, though/although都作為"雖然,盡管"可以互換,although用的更多一些. 後面不可以有but但可以有yet/still/nevertheless.
Although he is much better, yet his father isn't satisfied.
15, as…as/ than
16. Now that 既然
Now that you are all back, we'd better start the work right away.
17. Seeing that由於
Seeing that I shall be here again tomorrow, I won't wait any longer.
18, as可以引導狀語從句
As I remember, he used to work here ten years ago.
As I see it, there is still much room for improvement in our work.
據我看來--
Why didn't you do as you were asked to do?
As far as I know, as far as I am concerned, --- as if (though)
Try as he would, he couldn't open it.
❸ 初中英語知識點總結
掌握了英語知識點能夠提高學生的英語表達能力,下面是我為大家搜集整理的人教版初中英語知識點總結,歡迎大家閱讀與借鑒,希望能夠給你帶來幫助。
初中英語知識點總結1:
一、詞類:英語詞類分以下十種:名詞、形容詞、代詞、數詞、冠詞、動詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞。
1、名詞(n.): 表示人、事物、地點或抽象概念的名稱。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.
2、代詞(pron.): 主要用來代替名詞。如:who, she, you, it .
3、形容詞(adj..):表示人或事物的性質或特徵。如:good, right, white, orange .
4、數詞(num.): 表示數目或事物的順序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
5、動詞(v.): 表示動作或狀態。如:am, is,are,have,see .
6、副詞(adv.): 修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞,說明時間、地點、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.
7、冠詞(art..):用在名詞前,幫助說明名詞。如:a, an, the.
8、介詞(prep.): 表示它後面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關系。如in, on, from, above, behind.
9、連詞(conj.): 用來連接詞、短語或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感嘆詞(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、樂等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello.
二、句子成分:英語句子成分分為七種:主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、表語、賓語補足語。
1、主語是句子所要說的人或事物,回答是「誰」或者「什麼」。通常用名詞或代詞擔任。如:I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)
2、謂語動詞說明主語的動作或狀態,回答「做(什麼)」。主要由動詞擔任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (傑克每天打掃房間)
3、表語在系動詞之後,說明主語的身份或特徵,回答是「什麼」或者「怎麼樣」。通常由名詞、代詞或形容詞擔任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4、賓語表示及物動詞的對象或結果,回答做的是「什麼」。通常由名詞或代詞擔任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼這個詞)
有些及物動詞帶有兩個賓語,一個指物,一個指人。指物的叫直接賓語,指人的叫間接賓語。間接賓語一般放在直接賓語的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他給我寫了一封信)
有時可把介詞to或for加在間接賓語前構成短語,放在直接賓語後面,來強調間接賓語。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他給我寫了一封信)
5、定語修飾名詞或代詞,通常由形容詞、代詞、數詞等擔任。如:
Shanghai is a big city .(上海是個大城市)
6、狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞,通常由副詞擔任。如:He works hard .(他工作努力)
7、賓語補足語用來說明賓語怎麼樣或干什麼,通常由形容詞或動詞充當。如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他們通常讓教室保持清潔) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常幫我做功課) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老師要我自學法語)
☆同位語通常緊跟在名詞、代詞後面,進一步說明它的情況。如:Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同學湯姆在哪裡?)
三、構詞法:英語構詞法主要有:合成法、派生法和轉換法。
1、合成法:如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。
2、派生法:
(1)派生名詞:①動詞+er/or ②動詞+ing ③動詞+(t)ion ④形容詞+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容詞:①名詞+y ②名詞+ful ③動詞+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩國名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious
(3)派生副詞:①形容詞+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly等等。
3、轉換法:
(1)形容詞→動詞,如:dry(乾燥的)→dry(弄乾), clean(干凈的)→clean(打掃,弄乾凈),等等。
(2)動詞→名詞,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。
(3)名詞→動詞,如:hand(手)→(傳遞),face(臉)→(面對)等等。
(4)形容詞→副詞,如:early→early, fast→fast等等。
(5)副詞→連詞,如:when(什麼時候)→(當……時候),等等。
(6)介詞→副詞,如:in(到……里)→(在裡面;在家),on(在…上)→(進行,繼續),等等。
初中英語知識點總結2:
一、英語名詞可分專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類:
1、專有名詞是個別的人、地、物、團體、機構等的專用名稱。
專有名詞中實詞的第一個字母要大寫。
如:Beijing, Tom, the People's Republic of China(中華人民共和國)
專有名詞如果是含有普通名詞的短語,則必須使用定冠詞the。如:the Great Wall(長城)
姓氏名如果採用復數形式,則表示該姓氏一家人(復數含義),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。
2、普通名詞是許多人或事物的共有名稱。如:pupil, family, man, foot.
普通名詞又分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。
▲可數名詞是可以用簡單的數詞進行計數的名詞,如: box, child, orange;
▲不可數名詞是不可以用簡單的數詞進行計數的名詞。如:water, news, oil, population, information .
二、英語可數名詞的單復數:英語可數名詞有單數和復數兩種形式。
1、名詞由單數變復數的基本方法如下:
①在單數名詞詞尾加s。如:map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables.
②s,o,x ,sh,ch結尾的詞加es.如:class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches.
[注]:少數以o結尾的詞,變復數時只加s。如:photo→photos, piano→pianos.
③以輔音字母加y結尾的名詞,變y為i,再加es。如:family→families, city→cities, party→parties.
④以f或fe結尾的名詞,變f或fe為v,再加es。如:shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives.
2、不規則變化:man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese
不可數名詞一般沒有復數形式,說明其數量時,要用有關計量名詞。如:a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.
三、名詞所有格:
1、 名詞所有格表示所屬關系,相當於物主代詞,在句中作定語、賓語或主語。其構成法如下:
(1)表示人或其它有生命的東西的名詞常在詞尾加's。如:Childern's Day(兒童節), my sister's book(我姐姐的書)
(2)以s或es結尾的復數名詞。只在詞尾加'。如:Teachers' Day(教師節)
(3)有些表示時間、距離以及世界、國家、城鎮等無生命的名詞,也可在詞尾加's. 如:
today's newspaper(今天的報紙), ten minutes' break(十分鍾的課間休息),
China's population(中國的人口).
(4)無論表示有生命還是無生命的東西的名詞,一般均可用介詞of短語來表示所有關系。如:
a fine daughter of the Party(黨的好女兒).
2、[註解]:
① 『s還可以表示某人的家或者某個店鋪,如:my aunt's(我阿姨家), the doctor's(診所)
② 兩人共有某物時,可以採用 A and B's 的形式,如:Lucy and Lily's bedroom(露西和麗麗合住的卧室)
③ 「of+名詞所有格/名詞性物主代詞」,稱為雙重所有格,如:a friend of my father's(我父親的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)
四、名詞或代詞作主語時和謂語之間的單復數的一致問題:
1、謂語和謂語基本保持單復數的一致,即:主語是可數名詞單數或不可數名詞時,謂語動詞用單數形式:如:The computer was a great invention.(計算機是個了不起的發明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)
2、集體名詞(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主語時,
① 如果表示整體概念,則謂語用單數形式,如:Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)
② 如果表示其中的所有成員時,則謂語用復數形式,如:Class Three have a map of China.(三
班有張中國地圖)
3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示單個時謂語用單數,表示許多時,謂語用復數。如:There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有隻綿羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些綿羊)
4、maths, news等雖然有s結尾,但不是復數,因此謂語仍用單數:The news is very exciting. (這個消息令人興奮)
5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名詞往往用復數形式,故謂語用復數。如:
The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(褲子很便宜,我想買)
6、a lot of 後跟名詞復數時謂語用復數形式,跟不可數名詞時謂語用單數形式。如:A lot of students are playing baseball now.(現在有許多學生在打壘球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的時間花在了那個工作上)(被動句)
7、and 連接兩個名詞做主語時,謂語原則上用復數,但是兩個名詞若構成一個整體事物時,謂語則用單數。如:The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老師和他的兒子在摘蘋果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (魚和薯條是一種出名的食品)
8、 there be 句型中be的單復數一般由靠近的名詞決定。如:There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房間里有一張桌子和四張椅子)
9、用both…and…連接兩個事物做主語時,謂語一般用復數。如:Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都來)
10、主語中含有with的短語時,謂語單復數由with之前的人物決定。如:A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名婦女帶著一個七歲的孩子(當時)就站在路邊)
11、either…or…或者 neither…nor…連接兩個人物做句子主語時,謂語採用就近原則。如:Either you or he is right.(要麼是你對,要麼是他對。/你和他有一個人是對的) / Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那裡)
12、表示一段時間或長度概念的復數名詞做主語時,謂語一般用單數。如:Two months is not a short time.(兩個月不是個短時間)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距離).(兩千千米是相當長的.一段距離)
13、主語中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等詞語時,謂語的單復數由名詞確定,如:Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(網際網路上四分之三以上的信息是用英語寫的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(學生的三分之一(當時)正在湖邊玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(這些河流中的水已經被污染了)(被動句)
但是,population一詞又有特殊情況: What's the population of China?(中國人口是多少?)(句子用單數) / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人).(這個城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用復數)
五、部分名詞用法辨析:
1、sport、game、match、race 的區別:sport通常指「戶外運動」,以鍛煉為主,概念較大;game意思是「運動、比賽」,不管戶內戶外還是腦力體力,指以勝負為主的運動;match意為「競賽、比賽」,多指正式比賽;race主要表示「賽跑、賽馬、賽車」。如:People all around the world enjoy sports.(全世界的人都喜愛運動) / The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.(2008奧運會將在北京舉行)(被動句) / Our school football team won the league match(聯賽).(我們學校足球隊取得了聯賽冠軍) / They were strong and won the boat race.(湯他們很棒,贏得了劃艇比賽)
2、festival、holiday、vacation的區別:festival「節日」,指喜慶的日子或持續一段時間的文娛活動;holiday(假日、休息日),指法定假日或風俗習慣,復數可以表示一個較長的假期;vacation「假期」,指學習或工作中一段長時間的休息。如:The Shanghai Television Festival will be held next month.(上海電視節將在下個月舉行) / Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work.(星期天是個假日,多數人不工作) / What are you going to do ring the summer vacation/holidays?(在暑期你打算做什麼事情?)
3、journey、tour、trip、travel的區別:journey指在陸地上(或海上或空中)進行的長途旅行,不知終點,含有辛苦的意思;tour指途中作短期逗留的巡迴旅行,強調游覽多處,常用來指觀光等;trip通常指往返定時的短途旅行,如出差度假等;travel多指長期或長途的觀光旅行,尤其指到國外,沒有明確目的地,也作不可數名詞,指旅行這一行為。如:He made up his mind to make the journey to Dunhuang.(他拿定主意要去敦煌旅行)/ He has gone on a walking tour.(他步行觀光去了) / He took several trips to Shanghai last yeaar.(去年他去了上海好幾次) / Did you go to Santiago(聖地亞哥) ring your travels?(旅行期間你去聖地亞哥了嗎?) / Travelling through thick forests is dangerous.(在密林里邊穿行是很危險的)
4、sound、noise、voice的區別:sound指各種聲音;noise主要指「噪音」;voice指人的「嗓音」。如:The noise of the street kept me awake in the night.(街上的喧囂聲讓我徹夜難眠) / All of a sudden there was the sound of shots and a cry.(突然間傳來幾聲槍響和一聲尖叫) / The singer has lost her ringing voice as a result of a bad cold.(因為感冒的緣故,這個歌唱家失去了她銀鈴般的嗓音)
5、fish的問題:指許多條魚且不管種類時,用fish,單復數相同;fishes 指許多種類的魚;fish指「魚肉」時是不可數名詞。如:There are many kinds of fishes in the pool. (池子里有很多種類的魚)/ I prefer fish to meat.(與肉相比我更喜歡魚)
❹ 人教版初中英語知識點總結
英語是一門活的語言,光在課堂上聽教師講授是遠遠不夠的,這就要靠我們透過多種管道學習。下面是我為大家整理的人教版初中英語知識點,歡迎大家閱讀學習!
初中英語知識點 總結
連詞及其用法
1.連詞是一種虛詞,它不能獨立擔任 句子 成分而只起連接詞與詞, 短語 與短語以及句與句的作用。
2.常見的連詞
and(和,與;而且;於是,然後;因此)
but(但是;通常用not...but...不是...而是...;可是,然而;表示驚訝,不同意等--喔,哇;用來加強語句重復部分的語氣--一定;用來引入新話題--那就;常用於否定句--而不,若不;用於含doubt,question等字的否定句中相當於that--對於)
or(或者,還是;用於否定句或問句--也不;否則,要不然;也就是說,換言之)
nor(用在neither之後--也不;用在no,not,never之後--也不;用在句首,句子需倒裝--也不)
so(因此,所以;因而,從而)
yet(可是,卻,然而)
for(因為,由於)
both…and(既...又...;不但...而且)
not only…but also(不但,而且)
either…or(不是...就是;要麼...要麼)
neither…nor(既不...也不...)
3.並列連詞:
①and 與or;②both …and兩者都;③not only…but ...as well as=not only...butalso不但…而且;④neither…nor意思為"既不……也不……"謂語動詞採用就近原則,與nor後的詞保持一致。
4.轉折或對比連詞
①but表示轉折,while表示對比。②not…but…意思為"不是……而是……"。
賓語從句
1.賓語從句,是名詞性從句的一種。
在主從復合句中充當賓語,位於及物動詞、介詞或復合謂語之後的從句稱為賓語從句。賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。
2.賓語從句的引導詞有三種:
(1)以that引導的賓語從句:
that引導的賓語從句一般都是由陳述句充當,引導詞that沒有實際意義,不在從句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且從句成分齊全,句意完整。
Do you think (that) it will rain? 你認為天會下雨嗎?
He said (that) he could come on time.他說他會准時來的。
(2)以whether或if引導的賓語從句:
從屬連詞if,whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問句轉化而來的,變成從句後,語序由原來的倒裝語序變成陳述語序。whether和if意為「是否」。
Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.
請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
I don』t care whether you like the story or not.
我不在乎你是否喜歡這個 故事 。
(3)特殊疑問詞what/ when/ where/ who等引導的賓語從句:
此類賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句,變成賓語從句後要用陳述語序,由wh-開頭的疑問詞引導。包括who, whom, whose, what,which等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞,這些引導詞有各自的意思,在從句中要作相應的成分,不能省略。例如:
Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?
請問我們得走哪個門?
He didn』t tell me how long he would stay here.
他沒有告訴我他要在這里呆多長時間。
初中英語知識非謂語動詞的主動形式表被動意義
在某些句型中可用動名詞和不定式的主動形式表被動意義 。
1. 在need,want,require, bear等詞的後面,動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義,其含義相當於動詞不定式的被動形式。
例:The house needs repairing(to be repaired).這房子需要 修理 。
2. 形容詞worth後面跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義,但不能跟動詞不定式;而worthy後面跟動詞不定式的被動形式。
例:The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)
3. 動詞不定式在名詞後面作定語,不定式和名詞之間有動賓關系時,又和句中另一名詞或代詞構成主謂關系, 不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。
例: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. (to do與things是動賓關系,與I是主謂關系。)
試比較:I』ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此處用不定式的被動語態作定語表明you不是post動作的執行者。)
4.在某些「形容詞+不定式」做表語或賓語補足語的結構中,句子的主語或賓語又是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語時,這時常用不定式的主動形式表達被動意義。
這些形容詞有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。
例:This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).
5. 在too… to…結構中,不定式前面可加邏輯主語,所以應用主動形式表示被動意義。
例:This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
6. 在there be…句型中,當動詞不定式修飾名詞作定語時,不定式用主動式作定語,重點在人,用被動形式作定語,重點在物。
例:There is no time to lose(to be lost).(用 to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,誰 lost time不明確。)
7. 在be to do結構中的一些不定式通常應用主動表主動,被動表被動。然而,由於古英語的影響,下列動詞rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。
例: Who is to blame for starting the fire?
九年級英語 知識點所謂垂懸結構(The DanglingConstruction)就是一個句子成分,如分詞短語,不定式動詞短語等,找不到被修飾的主語或被修飾的對象不合邏輯。垂懸結構是種錯誤的句法,應該避免。
下面是三種常見的垂懸結構及其改正 方法 :
⒈垂懸分詞或分詞短語,如:
①Climbing up the hill, several boars were seen.
這句子里的現在分詞短語(present participial phrase)修飾主語「several boars」是錯的;改正方法有二:
(a)確定是邏輯主語,使句子變成「Climbing up the hill, the explorers saw severalboars.」
(b)把現在分詞短語擴大為副詞分句(也稱狀語從句):「When the explorers climbed up the hill, they sawseveral boars/ several boars were seen.」
⒉垂懸副詞短語,如:
After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fish began to bite.
這句的副詞短語(adverb phrase)和主語「the fish」有什麼邏輯關系呢?真正的邏輯主語應該是「the fisherman」或「theangler」才對。改正方法:
(a) After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fisherman found that the fishbegan to bite.
(b) After the fisherman had put a shrimp on the hook, the fish began tobite.
⒊垂懸不定式動詞短語,如:
To write well, a lot of practice is needed.
To be a loyal employee, a sense of belonging is a must.
這兩個句子的不定式動詞短語(infinitive phrases)並不能修飾「practice」和「a sense ofbelonging」,真正的主語必須是「 人」,如:
(a) To write well, one needs a lot of practice/a person has to practise alot.
(b) To be a loyal employee, he or she must have a sense of belonging.
上述三類垂懸結構中,第一類發生的頻率,必須注意。但是在下列三種情況下,分詞短語是對的,它們並非垂懸結構:
第一,獨立結構(The Absolute Construction,見3月7日《中英合談》)中的分詞短語有自己的主語,所以不是垂懸結構。例如:
Such being the case, we can go home now./……it is not wrong to call it aday.
第二,當分詞含有介詞或連詞性質時,它不需要邏輯主語,所以沒有垂懸問題存在。例如:
Owing to a lack of funds, the project has to be discontinued.
Provided that there is sufficient time, everyone can do the job better.
第三,當分詞短語是用來表示說話者的態度或意見時,也不需要邏輯主語,因此也不存在著垂懸問題。例如:
Judging from his facial look, the news must have been terrible.
Taken as a whole, there is nothing wrong with the logic behind thatidea.
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下面我給大家 總結 了英語連詞的用法,希望對大家的 英語學習 有幫助。
並列連詞與並列結構有:
1、and 與or
2、both …and兩者都
3、not only…but (also), as well as不但…而且)
4、neithe…nor 意思為"既不……也不……"
比較and和or:
1、並列結構中,or通常用於否定句,and用於肯定句。
2、但有時and 也可用於否定句。
表示選擇的並列結構
1、or意思為"否則"。
2、either…or意思為"或者……或者……"。
表示轉折或對比
1、but表示轉折,while表示對比。
2、not…but… 意思為"不是……而是……"
表原因關系
1、 for
2、so, therefore
比較so和suchsuch 是形容詞,修飾名詞或名詞片語,so是副詞,只能修飾形容詞或副 詞。so 還可與表示數量的形容詞many,few,much, little連用,形成固定搭配。
英語連詞用法練習題
1. —Oh, I failed again
—Don’t lose heart. One more effort, ________ you will succeed.
A. so that B. therefore C. however D. and
2. ________ a difficult situation, so you should send him a message and give him some advice.
A. As he is in B. He is in C. Being in D. He being in
3. She said she would work it out herself, ________ ask me for help.
A. and not to B. but not C. and prefer not D. rather than
4. ________ enough time, but I couldn’t do it better.
A. I was given B. Given C. To be given D. Though I was given
5. —How can I wake up so early?
—Set the alarm at 5 o’clock, ________ you’ll make it.
A. but B. or C. and D. so
6. For a person with reading habits, a printed page contains not only words ________ ideas, thoughts and feelings.
A. yet B. and C. or D. but
7. Information technology is taught in most schools, ________ we have entered the information society.
A. so B. while C. still D. for
8. English is understood all over the world ________ Turkey is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.
A. while B. when C. if D. as
9. I was on the point of going to bed ________ Mr. Zhang rang.
A. as B. when C. while D. and
10. I asked him whether he had done all the work himself ________ whether he had had any assistance.
A. and B. but C. nor D. or
11. In some countries, ________ are called “public schools” are not owned by the public.
A. which B. as C. what D. that
12. ________ happens in the world makes us happy and sad by turns.
A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether
13. I read about this story in some book or other, does it matter ________ it was?
A. where B. what C. how D. which
14. One of the men present held the view ________ the book said was right.
A. what that B. what C. that D. that what
15. ________ I had walked for six hours, I was tired out.
A. After B. Before C. When D. As
16. Tom make up his mind to get a seat for the football match ________ it means standing in a queue all night.
A. as if B. as though C. even if D. whatever
17. The roof fell ________ he had time to dash into the house to save his baby.
A. as B. after C. until D. before
18. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true ________ it comes to classroom tests.
A. as B. since C. when D. after
19. I have been keeping that photo ________ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my college days.
A. which B. where C. whether D. when
20. You may borrow this book ________ you promise to give it back.
A. in case B. so long as C. as if D. even if
【答案解析】
1. D. 考查“祈使句/名詞+and+陳述句”句型。句意為:“再努力點,你就會成功的”。
2. B. so(因此)是並列連詞,引出一個表示結果的分句,前面應是一個表示原因的分句,而無需再用連詞,排除A;C和D又不是 句子 ,也錯了。
3. D. 因為rather than是對稱連詞,意為“而不”
4. A. 因為but是並列連詞,後面是個句子,前面也一定是個句子,而不是一個分詞 短語 或不定式短語,更不能再用連詞though,所以排除B、C和D。
5. C. 考查“祈使句+and+陳述句”句型,意為“如果…就…”。雖然or也可用於此句型,但or是“否則、要不然”之意,如:Work hard, or you’ll fail. (努力學習,否則就會不及格。)
6. D. 因為not only…but (also)…是固定搭配7. D. 因為句中的並列連詞for表示原因,是對前面分句所述內容的解釋或補充說明。
8. A. 因為句中的並列連詞while表示“對比或相反”。
9. B. 因為句中的並列連詞when = just at that time, 意為“這時(突然)”。
10. D. 因為只有or才能表示選擇,意為“(是…) 還是”。
11. C。本題考查what引導主語從句,並在主語從句中作主語。句意為“在許多國家,所謂的“公立學校”並非公眾擁有。
12. B。本題考查引導主語從句的連接詞。that引導主語從句只起連接作用,在從句中不作任何成分,無意義,但不能省略。what除引導主語從句外, 還在從句中作成分。which指一定范圍內的“哪一個”;whether意為“是否”。根據句意“世上的事喜憂交替”可知答案為B13. D。該題考查賓語從句。可以看作是does it matter which book it was的省略。一定注意此題受母語干擾,很容易錯選答案為A。只要抓住題干前一句I read about this story in some book or other的提示,就可知道是指一定范圍內的“哪一個”,故答案為D。
14. D。that引導同位語從句;what the book said是同位語從句中的主語。
15. A。本題考查以after引導的時間狀語從句,意為“在…之後”。句意為“步行了六小時後,我累壞了”。
16. C。even if=even though,引導的讓步狀語從句,意為“即使, 盡管”,符合題意。
17. D。本題考查before引導的時間狀語從句,意為“在……之前”。句意為“他來不及沖進去救他的孩子,屋頂就塌了”。
18. C。When it comes to. . . 是一固定句型,意為“當談到……時,涉及”。句意為“做作業是提高考分的一個可靠 方法 ,這在涉及到課堂測驗時尤其正確”19. B。該題考查where引導的地點狀語從句,表示“在…地方”。句意為“我一直把照片放在我每天都能看到的地方,因為它總使我回想起大學里的日子”。
20. B。so long as=so long as, 意為“只要”,表示條件。句意為“只要你答應歸還,你就可以把這書借走”。
❻ 高中英語連詞知識點
連詞是一種虛詞,在句中不能單獨使用。連詞可分為兩類:並列連詞和從屬連詞。下面我給大家分享一些高中英語連詞知識,希望能夠幫助大家,歡迎閱讀!
高中英語連詞知識1
並列連詞的用法
1.並列連詞and的用法
and可以連接兩個的詞,多用於肯定句中。連接兩個 句子 ,表示因果、對比、條件、假設、目的等。例如:
Go and fetch something to eat.(連接兩個動詞如go, come等表示目的)去取些吃的東西來。
Mary likes music and Lily is fond of sports.
瑪麗喜歡音樂,莉莉 愛好 體育運動 。(對比)
One more week and we』ll accomplish the task.
再一星期,我們就完成任務。(條件)
2.並列連詞both…and, not only…but also, as well as的用法
①both…and意為:「不但…而且…;既…又…」,是並列連詞,可以並列主語、賓語、表語、狀語、謂語等成份。並列主語時謂語動詞用復數形式。
Both New York and London have traffic problems.
紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。
The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.
這位秘書不但能講而且能寫西班牙語。
②not only…but also意為:「不但...而且」,是並列連詞,可以連接兩個詞,也可連接兩個句子。其中,but also中的also可以省略。not only…but also可以連接句中所有的成份,連接並列主語時,其謂語動詞根據就近原則,與所靠近的成分保持數的一致。not only…but also可以連接兩個句子,not only位於句首時, not only後的句子要倒裝。
Not only the students but (also) their teacher is enjoying the movie.
不僅學生們津津有味地看著這部電影,而且他們的老師也是如此。
Not only is he a scientist, but he is also a fighter.
他不但是位科學家而且還是名戰士。
③as well as 其連詞作用,表示「同、和、也」等。
The editors as well as the proofreaders are working overtime.
編輯和校對者都在加班工作。
3.when並列連詞,意為「就在那時」
I was about to leave when the telephone rang.
我剛想走,突然電話鈴響了。
4.表示轉折關系的並列連詞
這類連詞連接兩個含義不同的甚至是反義的詞、 短語 或分句。常見的還有yet(然而),while(而),however(可是)等。其中while與but的區別在於:while表示對比,而but表示意義正好相反。
Learning the guitar isn't difficult ,but you have to practice.
學彈吉它並不難,但你得練習。
In some Asian countries , nodding the head means not 「Yes」but 「No」.
有些亞洲國家,點頭並不表示「是」而是表示「不」。
He was in deep trouble , yet he didn't lose heart.
他深陷困境,然而他沒有喪失信心。
Rick was very successful. However, the last few years of his life were not happy ones.
瑞克非常成功,然而他的晚年並不幸福。
You like sports, while I'd rather read.
你喜歡體育而我卻喜歡讀書。
5.表示選擇關系的並列連詞
此類並列連詞主要有or, or else, either…or, otherwise,neither…nor, not nor等。
(1)or的用法
可以連接兩個的詞,多用於否定或者疑問句中。主語的人稱、數不一致時, 動詞隨著接近的主語而變化。連接兩個句子,常和else連用。
John or you are in Class Two.約翰或者你在二班。
Put on your overcoat, or you will catch cold.
穿上你的大衣,不然你會著涼。
Hurry up, or/or else we'll be late for the meeting.
趕快,否則我們開會要遲到的。
注意:or, or else, otherwise三者相比,or else語氣較or強,而otherwise語氣則最強。
(2)either…or, neither…nor, not …nor的用法
可以連接兩個的詞,也連接兩個句子,當neither, nor放句首時,該句倒裝。
either…or, neither…nor, not …nor等連接主語時,謂語動詞也依據就近原則。
Either my father or my brothers are coming.
不是我父親就是我兄弟要來。
Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.
理論沒有實踐不行, 實踐沒有理論也不行。
6.表示因果關系的並列連詞
這類連詞常見的有so(因此),for(因為),therefore(因此)等。並列連詞for表示原因,用以附加說明。這個詞引導的分句必須放在第一個分句之後。
for可以表示原因,但引起的不是從句,而是分句,對前面的情況加以解釋,有逗號把它和前面的分句分開,在書面語中用的較多。so 表示結果,意為「因此,所以,於是」。therefore意為「因此, 所以」,語氣比較文氣,多放在分句或句子的前面。
I apologized to her , for I had wronged her.
我向她道歉了,因為我錯怪了她。
He was sick, so they were quiet.
他病了, 所以他們 很安靜。
He broke the law ,therefore he was put into prison.
他違犯了法律,因此被投入監獄。
高中英語連詞知識2
從屬連詞的用法
用來連接主句和從句的連詞叫從屬連詞。從屬連詞分為兩大類,即引導狀語從句的從屬連詞和引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞。
(一) 引導狀語從句的從屬連詞
1、引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞
此類連詞主要有:when, while, after, before, as, as soon as , now(that), until, till, once, since, whenever, no sooner...than, hardly/barely/scarcely...when,every time, each time, next time, the last time, the moment等。
When I got to the theatre, I found that they had sold all the tickets.當到達劇院時,我發現票已售完。
We should strike while the iron is hot.
我們要趁熱打鐵。
Since he entered the university, he has made great progress in his studies.
進入大學以來,他在學業上已經取得了很大進步。
They kept on working until it became dark.
他們一直工作到天黑。
Once you begin , you must go on.
你一旦開始,就必須繼續下去。
You seem to have a ready-made answer, whenever I ask you a question.
每逢我問你問題, 你總好象有現成的答案。
Now (that) you are here, you'd better stay.
你既然來了,那就不要走了。
No sooner had they got to the field than it began to rain.
他們剛到田裡就開始下雨了。
Hardly had he set foot on his native land when he felt comfortable.
他一踏上祖國的土地就感到心情舒暢。
She felt a thrill the moment she got into the theatre.
她一進劇場就感到一種激動。
Every time he got to Beijing, he came to see me.
每次他來北京,他都來看我。
注意:no sooner, hardly等位於句首時需用倒裝語序。
2.引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞
此類連詞主要有because, as, since, now(that),等。because引導的從句表示產生某種結果的必然的因果關系,語氣較重,可回答why問句;since語氣較輕,常位於句首;as則語氣最輕。
We couldn't cross the river because the water had risen.
水已經上漲了,所以我們沒能過河。
Since everyone is here ,let's begin .
既然大家都來了,我們就開始吧。
I must stop writing now, as I have rather a lot of work to do.
我必須停筆了,因為我還有許多工作要做。
Now that you've got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
既然你有了這個機會,你可以充分的利用它了。
Why use wood when you can use plastic?
既然能用塑料, 為什麼還要用木料?
3.引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞
此類連詞主要有although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter what等。
Though my father is old,yet he wants to do something for our country.
我爸雖然老了,可他還要為國家做點事。
Even if there are difficulties, we must do it well.
即使有困難,我們也要把工作做好。
Young as I am,I know some of the family secrets.
盡管我年齡小,我知道一些家庭秘密。
Nobody believed him no matter what he said.
不管他說什麼每人相信他。
4.引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞
此類連詞主要有if, unless, as/so long as, supposing等。
If we go on polluting the world ,it won't be fit for to live in.
如果我們繼續污染這個世界,那麼這個世界就會不適合我們生活了。
You will fail unless you work hard.
除非努力你才不會失敗。
You can go out as/so long as you promise to be back soon.
只要你保證很快回來,你就可以出去。
What shall we do supposing he won't agree?
假定他不同意,我們怎麼辦?
The WTO cannot live up to its name if it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.如果世貿組織不能容納佔世界人口五分之一的國家,那它就名不符實。
5.表示行為方式的從屬連詞
表示行為方式的從屬連詞主要有as,as if/though等。
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.
當把鉛筆一部分放到水裡時,鉛筆看上去就像斷了。
We did as he told us.
我們照他叮囑的做了。
He spoke as though he knew the question very well.
他說得好像對這個問題知道得很清楚。
注意:以as if引導的狀語從句,其謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣。與現在相反的情況用過去時,與過去相反的情況用過去完成時。
I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.
整個事情我都記得,就好像此事發生在昨天。
6.表示目的的從屬連詞
表示目的的從屬連詞主要有that, so that,in order that等。
I hurried so that I wouldn't be late for class.
為了上課不遲到我們趕緊走。
John saved his money in order that he might buy a bicycle.
約翰為了買一輛自行車而把錢節省下來。
Bring it nearer that I may see it better.
把它拿近一些, 以便使我看得比較清楚。
7.表示結果的從屬連詞
表示結果的從屬連詞,主要有that,so...that,so that,such...that等。
They were so pleased to see each other that they forgot everything else.
他們彼此見到面,高興得把別的事情都忘記了。
It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.
天氣非常寒冷, 以至於街上沒有任何人。
So cold is it that all the water pipes have frozen.
天太冷,所有的水管都凍住了。
8. 表示比較的從屬連詞
表示比較的從屬連詞主要有than,as等
I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject.
我想漢語比其他任何科目都更受歡迎。
Do you think that art is as interesting as music?
你認為美術與音樂一樣有趣嗎?
9. 表示地點的從屬連詞
表示地點的從屬連詞主要有where,wherever等。
Leave her where she is. 把她留在原地。
You can take it with you wherever you go.你不論去哪裡,都可隨身攜帶它。
高中英語連詞知識3
引導名詞性從名的從屬連詞
引導名詞性從句的詞多是連接代詞和連接副詞,從屬邊詞主要有that,whether, if。
1.由從屬連詞that,whether,if引導
這類連詞引導名詞性從句時只起連接作用,在從句中不擔任任何成分。
We all know that the earth moves around the sun.
眾所周知,地球圍繞太陽轉。
I want to know whether/if he will come back soon.
我想知道他是否能很快回來。
2.由連接代詞引導
連接代詞除了可以起連接作用外,還可以在從句中作主語、賓語、定語等。連接代詞主要有who,whom,whose,which,what, whatever, whoever, whomever等。
Do what he or she tells you to do.
按照他/她所告訴你的去做。
Can you tell me who that gentleman is?
你能告訴我那位先生是誰么?
Whoever comes will be welcomed.
無論誰來都會受到歡迎。
3.由連接副詞引導
連接副詞除了起連接作用外,還在從句中作狀語。連接副詞主要有when,where,how,why等。
I remember when this used to be a quiet village.
我記得那時候這是一個安靜的村莊。
Would you please tell me how I can get to the airport?
請告訴我怎樣去機場?
I don't know where we are going to have this meeting.
我不知道我們到什麼地方去開這次會議。
Do you know why he was late?
你知道他為什麼遲到嗎?
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❼ 初中英語寫作常用連詞
在初中的英語寫作中,有哪些常用的連詞?下面是我給大家整理的初中英語寫作常用連詞,供大家參閱!
初中英語寫作常用連詞1
1.表文章結構順序:First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…
And then,Finally,In the end,At last
2.表並列補充關系的:What ismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,Inaddition
3.表轉折對比關系的:However,On the contrary,but
Although+clause( 從句),In spite of+n/doing
On the one hand…
On the other hand…
Some…,while others…
4.表因果關系的:Because,As
So,Thus,Therefore,As a result
5.表換一種方式表達:In other words
6.表進行舉例說明:For example,句子;For instance,句子;such as+n/doing
7.表陳述事實:In fact
8.表達自己觀點:As far as I know,In my opinion
9.表總結:In short,In a word,In conclusion,In summary
文中正確使用兩三個好的句型,如:賓語從句、狀語從句、動名詞做主語等。
賓語從句舉例:I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful an dprosperous。
狀語從句舉例:If everyone does something for the environment, our hometown will become clean and beautiful。
動名詞做主語舉例:Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes。
It’s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun。
初中英語寫作常用連詞2
(1)表示增加的過渡詞:also,and,and then,too,in addition,furthermore,moreover,again,another,first/ second/ third等。
(2)表示時間順序的過渡詞:now,then,before,after,afterwards,earlier,later,immediately,soon,next,in afew days,graally,suddenly,finally等。
(3)表示空間順序的過渡詞:near(to),far(from),in front of,behind,beside,beyond,above,below,to the right/ left,around,outside等。
(4)表示比較的過渡詞:in the same way,just like,just as等。
(5)表示對照的過渡詞:but,still,yet,however,on the other hand,on the contary,in spite of,even though等。
(6)表示結 果 和 原 因 的 過 渡 詞:because,since,so,as a result,therefore,then,thus,otherwise等。
(7)表示目的的過渡詞:for this reason,for this purpose,so that等。
(8)表示強調的過渡詞:in fact,indeed,surely,necessarily,certainly,without any doubt, above all等。
(9)表示解釋說明的過渡詞:for example,in fact,in this case, actually等。
(10)表示總結的過渡詞:finally,at last,in conclusion,in brief,in short,in general,on the whole等。
not only but also 不但...而且...
not…any more === no more 不再…
另外 What's more , In addition , Besides , Further more
在我看來 In my opinion , on my view ,as far as I'm concerned ,I agree with the idea that …
更糟的是 To make matter worse
表轉折可用 however
另外可以多用一些像more and more…, the… ,the… 之類的片語
初中英語寫作常用連詞3
1.表文章結構順序:First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second…next …And then, Finally/In the end/ At last
2.表並列補充關系的(遞進關系):What’s more(甚至)/ What’s worse(更糟糕的是), even(甚至),Especially(特別是)
Besides(除此之外), Moreover(甚至), Furthermore, In addition(除此之外還有),not only …but also 不但…而且, at the same time 同時
3.表轉折對比關系的:However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(從句),(不與but連用) Despite/In spite of+n/doing 盡管…但是…
4.用來陳述正反方的不同觀點(一般用於議論文章中):On the one hand… On the other hand…一方面,又一方面 ;Some…, while others…一些人認為…而另一些人認為… Everything has two sides…(食物都具有兩面性) some people hold the view that …while the others prefer the view that …(一些人堅持這種觀點,而另一些人更喜歡另一種觀點)
5.表因果關系的:Because(不與so連用), As(由於,因為) ,So, Therefore(因此), As a result (結果) ,thanks to(多虧),
because of/as a result of (由於), without, with the help of...(在…的幫助下),
6.表進行舉例說明:For example+句子(意思是:例如)可以用於句中,句首,句尾; such as…and so on
7.表陳述事實:In fact 事實上
8.表達自己觀點:As far as I know / as far as I am concerned ; In my opinion /for my apart , to tell the truth 說實話 ;to be honest 誠實地說 ,generally speaking 通常來說 這些短語一般都用於最後一段的開頭 ,用來陳述自己的觀點。
9.表總結:In short(總之)、 In a word(總之). 一般也用於最後一段表示總結。
10. as is known to (us) all ,as we know .(據我所知),It is said /reported that + 句子 據說/報道…
recently 最近 用於作文開頭,其後一般用現在完成時態
with the development of the (economy )隨著(經濟)的發展等連接詞或者短語 (一般用於句首,用於陳述事實)
11…已成為人的關注的熱門話題,特別是在年青人當中,將引發激烈的辯論。
例如:……has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
12.連接各類從句的連接詞:
時間狀語從句:when, not…until, as soon as
目的狀語從句:so that+clause; to do(為了)
結果狀語從句:so…that+clause, too…to do(太……以至於……) 條件狀語從句:if, unless(除非), as long as(只要)
讓步狀語從句:though(盡管,不與but連用), although(盡管,不與but連用), even though(即使), even if(即使) no matter what/when/where/who/which/how (無論…)
比較:as…as…, not so…as…, than
❽ 初中英語語法連詞
英語作為我們學習的第一門外語,也是全世界通用的一門語言,學好英語就非常重要,下面是我給大家帶來的初中英語語法連詞,希望能夠幫助到大家!
初中英語語法-連詞
一、概說
連詞是一種虛詞,用於連接單詞、 短語 、從句或 句子 ,在句子中不單獨用作句子成分。連詞按其性質可分為並列連詞和從屬連詞。並列連詞用於連接並列的單詞、短語、從句或句子,如and, but, or, for等;從屬連詞主要引出名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句等)和狀語從句(時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、目的狀語從句等),引出名詞性從句的連詞如that,whether等,引出狀語從句的連詞如when, because,since, if 等。
二、並列連詞的用法
1. 表示轉折關系的並列連詞。這類連詞主要有 but, yet 等。
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don't remember who.
有人借了我的鋼筆,但我不記得是誰了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn't help us.
他說他是我們的朋友,但卻不肯幫助我們。
2. 表示因果關系的並列連詞。
這類連詞主要有 for, so 等。
The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.
這孩子咳得很利害,所以他媽媽帶他去看醫生。
You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors.
你們一定要克服粗枝大葉,因為粗枝大葉常常引起嚴重的錯誤。
注意:for表示結果通常不能放句首,也不能單獨使用。
3. 表示並列關系的並列連詞。
這類連詞主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) ,both…and , as well as 等。
He didn't go and she didn't go either.
他沒去,她也沒去。
The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold.
今天天氣很溫暖,不冷也不熱。
Both New York and London have traffic problems.
紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。
It is important for you as well as for me.
這對你和對我都很重要。
People who are either under age or over age may not join the army.
年齡不到或者超齡的人都不得參軍。
三、從屬連詞的用法
1. 引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞
(1) 表示「當…時候」或「每當」的時間連詞。主要的 when,while, as, whenever。
如:
Don't talk while you're eating.
吃飯時不要說話。
Vegetables are best when they are fresh.
蔬菜新鮮時最好吃。
He came just as I was leaving.
我正要走時他來了。
(2) 表示「在……之前(或之後)」的時間連詞。主要的有before, after。
Try to finish your work before you leave.
離開前設法把工作做完。
After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass.
喝完茶之後我們將坐在草地上。
(3) 表示「自從」或「直到」的時間連詞。主要的有since, until, till。
She's been playing tennis since she was eight.
她從八歲起就打 網球 了。
Hold on until I fetch help.
堅持一下,等我找人來幫忙。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
(諺)不要無事惹事。
(4) 表示「一……就」的時間連詞。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, thesecond, theinstant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than,hardly…when等。
I'll let you know as soon as I hear from her.
我一接她的信就通知你。
The moment I have finished I'll give you a call.
我一幹完就給你打電話。
I came immediately I heard the news.
我一聽到這個消息,馬上就來了。
Once you begin you must continue.
你一旦開始, 便不可停下來。
(5) 表示「上次」、「下次」、「每次」等的時間連詞。主要的有every time(每次),eachtime(每次),(the) nexttime(下次),any time(隨時),(the) last time(上次),the firsttime(第一次)。I'll tell him about it (the) next time I see him.
我下一次見到他時,我就把這個情況告訴他。
We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands.
每當我們洗手的時候,我們都要損失一些皮膚細胞。
You can call me any time you want to.
你隨時都可以給我打電話。
注意:every time, each time, any time前不用冠詞,(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠詞可以省略,而the first time中的冠詞通常不能省略。
2. 引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞。
這類連詞主要有if,unless, as [so] long as, in case 等。Do you mind if I open the window?
我開窗你不介意吧?
Don't come unless I telephone.
除非我打電話,否則你別來。
As long as you're happy, it doesn't matter what youdo.
只要你高興,你做什麼都沒關系。
In case it rains they will stay at home.
萬一下雨,他們就呆在家裡。
注意:在條件狀語從句中,通常要用一般現在時表示將來意義,而不能直接使用將來時態。不過,有時表示條件的 if之後可能用 will,但那不是將來時態, 而是表示意願或委婉的請求(will為情態動詞)。
If you will sit down for a few moments, I'll tell the manager you're here
請稍坐, 我這就通知經理說您來了。
3. 引導目的狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。
He raised his voice so that everyone could hear.
他提高了嗓音,以便每個人都能聽見。
Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains.
帶上雨傘,以防下雨。
She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand.
她把那些指示慢慢重復了一遍好讓他聽明白。
4. 引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有so that, so…that, such…that等。
I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat.
我去聽演講去得很早, 所以找個好座位。
I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over.
我摔了許多跤,以致於全身都是青一塊紫一塊的。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.
他關窗子用力很大, 結果玻璃震破了。
5. 引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering(that) 等。
He distrusted me because I was new.
他不信任我,因為我是新來的。
As you are sorry, I'll forgive you.
既然你悔悟了,我就原諒你。
Since we've no money, we can't buy it.
由於我們沒錢,我們無法購買它。
Seeing that he's ill he's unlikely to come.
因為他病了,他大概不會來了。
Now that she has apologized, I am content.
既然她已經道了歉, 我也就滿意了。
6. 引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有although,though, even though, even if, while, however,whatever,whoever, whenever, wherever等。
Although they are twins, they look entirely different.
他們雖是孿生, 但是相貌卻完全不同。
I like her even though she can be annoying.
盡管她有時很惱人, 但我還是喜歡她。
You won't move that stone, however strong you are.
不管你力氣多大, 也休想搬動那塊石頭。
Whatever we have achieved, we owe to your support.
我們取得的一切成就都歸功於你們的支持。
Whoever you are, you can't pass this way.
不管你是誰,你都不能從這里通過。
Whenever I see him I speak to him.
每當我見到他,我都和他講話。
7. 引導方式狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有as, as if, as though, the way等。
Why didn't you catch the last bus as I told you to?
你怎麼不聽我的話趕乘末班公共汽車呢?
He bent the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber.
他將鐵棍折彎,彷彿那是用橡皮做成的。
Nobody else loves you the way(=as) I do.
沒有人像我這樣愛你。
8. 引導地點狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere等。
The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple.
這座教堂蓋在一座羅馬寺廟的舊址。
I'll take you anywhere you like.
你想到哪兒我就帶你到哪兒。
Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.
不管我走到哪裡,我都發現同樣情況。
9. 引導比較狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有than和as…as。
She was now happier than she had ever been.
現在她比過去任何時候都快活。
I glanced at my watch. It was earlier than I thought.
我看了看錶,時間比我想像的早。
He doesn't work as hard as she does.
他工作不像她那樣努力。
10. 引起名詞從句的從屬連詞。
主要有that, whether, if 等,它們用於引導主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。其中that 不僅沒不充當句子成分,而且沒有詞義,在句子中只起連接作用;而 if,whether 雖不充當句子成分,但有詞義,即表示「是否」。
He replied that he was going by train.
他回答說他將坐火車去。
I wonder if it's large enough.
我不知道它是否夠大。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
我為是否傷了她的感情而擔心。
❾ 英語連詞用法大全
說到連詞大家可能最先想到的就是「and」「or」「but」,除了這些還有哪些連詞呢,這些連詞的結構、用法又是怎樣的呢,下面就來詳細了解一下初中英語連詞的具體用法。
英語連詞用法大全,英語常用連詞有哪些
連詞的定義
連詞是連接字、 短語 、從句與 句子 的詞,是虛詞,因此它不能獨立擔任句子成分。連詞主要分為兩大類:並列連詞和從屬連詞。並列連詞用來連接並列關系的詞、片語或分句。它包括:and,or,but,so,for,both…and,either…or,neither…nor,not only…but also。
從屬連詞用來引導從句,它包括: that, when, till, until, after, before, since,because,if,whether,though,although,so…that,so that,in order that,as soon as
並列連詞用來連接具有並列關系的詞,短語或句子。常見的並列連詞有:
英語連詞用法大全,英語常用連詞有哪些
(1)表並列關系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。
(2)表選擇關系的or, either…or等。
(3)表轉折關系的but, while等。
(4)表因果關系的for, so等。
知識點概述
並列連詞和從屬連詞的用法
連詞是連結單詞、短語、從句或句子的虛詞, 在句子中不單獨作句子成份。
連詞按其性質可分為:
1.並列連詞 如:and, or, but, for, 等, 連接並列的詞與詞,短語與短語,句子與句子。
如:Rice and potatoes are common foods. (詞與詞)
Today we can travel by plane. (短語與短語)
Many trees lose their leaves in winter, but evergreen trees do not. ( 句子與句子)
關聯連詞是一類成對使用的連詞
如:both……and……, not……but…….
not only……but also…… not only…but… as well
either……or…… neither……nor……
關聯連詞必須後接同樣的語法結構。
如:Either the windows were opened or the door was opened.
2.從屬連詞 如:that, whether, when, because, though 等, 用以引導名詞性從句和狀語從句。
英語連詞用法大全,英語常用連詞有哪些
3.從屬連詞引導的從句不可以被斷成一個句子。 如果斷開,就錯了。
如:When the alarm clock rang. (不完整)
4. though (although)引導讓步狀語從句,because 引導原因狀語從句, 所以though(although)不能和並列連詞but ,because 不能和並列連詞 so一起使用。 只能單獨使用。
復習時需要注意的要點
(1)表示選擇關系的連詞,連接的雙方只取其一。常用連詞有or, either...or, otherwise
例如:
1)You can go to Beijing either today or tomorrow
2)You must get up early or you won』t catch the early bus.
(2)表示轉折關系,連接的雙方構成對比,意義上有轉折。常用連詞有but, however, while, only
例如:
1) His brother is fond of football while he likes basketball.
2) You can watch TV, but you must finish your homework first.
(3)表示聯合關系,聯合的雙方是對等的,意義上趨向一致。常用連詞有:and, both...and, neither...nor, not only...but also, as well as, together with
例如:
1) To study English well, we need both diligence and careful.
2) That horse is not only the youngest among the five, but also runs the fastest.
(4)表示因果關系,連接的雙方,互為因果,或者前因後果,或者前果後因。常用的連詞有:for, so, therefore
例如:
1) It must have rained, for the ground is wet.
2) You are in the right, therefore they should support you.
實戰演練
一、例題選講
例1 he did not know much English,he got out his dictionary and looked up the word.
A. As B. For
C. Since D. Because
答案: A
提示: for,because和as雖皆可作連詞用,表示「因為」,但用法有些區別。for引導的分句總是置於另一分句之後,常常對前一分句加以解釋,兩個分句之間,總是用逗號分開。because引導的原因狀語從句時,往往以why問句,語氣比較重,傳遞的往往是對方未了解的新信息。as引導的原因狀語從句時,往往是對方也知道的信息。本句是他拿出詞典查,顯然,「他知道的 英語單詞 不多」,這是明擺著的事,所以用as最恰當。
例2 you don't feel well,you'd better stay at home.
A. Because B. Since/If
C. For D. Now
答案: B
例3 I don』t know he has received the package.
A. if B. when
C. what D. how many
答案: A
提示: if表示是否,when不能與現在完成時連用。
例4 Come tomorrow, I will give it to you.
A. or B. and
C. though D. if
答案: B
提示: and在此處解釋為「那麼」,表示遞進關系。
例5 The teacher his students likes football.
A. and B. as well as
C. and also D. also
答案: B
提示: as well as 連接兩個主語用靠前原則。
例6 We were having lunch some one knocked at the door.
A. as B. a soon as
C. when D. while
答案: C
填入適當的連詞。
1. My brother is ill, ________ I have to stay at home.
2. The film must be very interesting, ________ many people are buying tickets in line.
3. My computer is new, ________ it is too expensive.
4. She felt hungry, ________ she didn』t have breakfast.
5. A customer came in, ________ I stopped my work.
6. He has a lot of money, ________ he spends little.
7. Come here early, ________ you can』t see him.
8. Take some medicine, ________ you will feel better.
9. There are a lot of stories about the UFOs, _______ no one knows whether they are true or not.
10.Put on your coat, ________ you will catch cold.
11.She got a 「C」 in English test, ________ she had tried his best.
12.My little cousin can _________ read ________ write.
13.Please call me _______ you need my help.
14._____you have a few more days』 rest, you』ll feel better.
15._____ my father ______ my mother is a doctor. They are teachers.
16.I really don』t know ______ it is going to rain or not this afternoon.
17.You may ______do it yourself ________ leave it to me.
18.Hurry up, ______ you』ll miss the next bus.
19.Li Ming was a brave boy, ______ he had one shortcoming.
20.It』s a fine day, ____ we have a wonderful time.
21.I don』t know _______ she can speak Russian or not.
22.We haven』t decided _____ and ______ we shall meet next time.
23.That』s ______ they didn』t pass the exam.
24._______ you are right, _____ he is.
25.He ______ _____ read the book ______ _______ remembered what he read.
參考答案
1.so 2.for 3.besides 4.as 5.so 6.but 7.or 8.and 9.but 10.or
11.though 12.neither, nor 13.if/when 14.if 15.neither, nor 16.whether
17.either, or 18.or 19.though 20. 21.whether 22. 23.why
英語連詞用法大全相關 文章 :
1. 英語連詞用法歸納總結(2)
2. 英語連詞基礎語法及用法
3. 英語中常見的連詞和用法講解
4. 中學英語連詞的用法
5. 英語語法:連詞的用法和從屬連詞
6. 連詞英語語法知識點匯總
7. nevertheless的用法總結大全
8. 中考英語詞彙知識點:連詞的定義及用法
9. 英語連詞學習的注意要點
10. 初中英語語法:連詞and和or的用法和區別
❿ 初中英語知識點總結
初中英語知識點總結
初中英語知識點總結,中考會用到的這些知識點,相關重難點,是基礎類知識的學習,掌握了學習英語的方法就沒有想像中的難,下面我整理了初中英語知識點總結,希望能幫到大家,僅供參考。
初中英語知識點總結1
賓語從句
1、語序
無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句,賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序,即「主句+連詞+賓語從句(主語+謂語+……)」句式。根據連接詞在從句中所擔任的不同成分,可分為以下四種:
(1)連接詞+謂語。 連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有: who, what, which等。如:
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎?
The small children dont know what is in their stockings、這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什麼東西。
I dont know which belongs to my father、
(2)連接詞+名詞+謂語。 連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有:whose, what, which, how many, how much等。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class、他問我們班上誰的書法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room、老師問我們房間里有多少人。
(3)連接詞+主語+謂語。 連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的`連接詞有:who(m), what, which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充當任何成分)。如:
He hasnt decided if hell go on a trip to Wuxi、他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎?
(4)連接詞+名詞+主語+謂語。 連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有:what, which, how many, how much, how等。如:
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪個班嗎?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was、她問我是否知道這是誰的.鋼筆。
2、連接詞
(1)當由陳述句充當賓語從句時,用that引導,that無詞義, 在口語或非正式文體中常省略 。如:
He said that he could finish his work before supper、他說他會在晚飯前完成工作。
(2)當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時,用if或whether引導,意為「是否」 。如:
I dont know if /whether he still lives here after so many years、
但在下列情況下只能用whether:
①在具有選擇意義, 又有or或or not時,尤其是直接與or not連用時,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。如:
Let me know whether /if he will come or not、(=Let me know whethe or not he will come)
I dont know whether/if he does any washing or not、(=I dont know whether or not he does any washing、)
I wonder whether we stay or whether we go、
②在介詞之後用whether。 如:
Im interested in whether he likes English、我關心的是他是否喜歡英語。
Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time、
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings、我擔心是否傷了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。 如:
He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man、他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。
I dont know whether to go、我不知去否。
He hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train、他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。
④whether置於句首時,不能換用if 。如:
Whether this is true or not, I cant say、這是否真的我說不上來。
⑤引導主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether 。如:
Whether she will come or not is still a question、她是否能來還是個問題。
The question is whether we can catch the bus、問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。
⑥ 若用if會引起歧義時,則用whether。 如:
Please let me know if you like the book、可理解為:a、 Please let me know whether you like the book、請告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。B、 If you like the book, please let me know、你如果喜歡這本書,請告訴我。
(3)如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句,只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導。 如:
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?
初中英語知識點總結2
初中英語知識點總結之情態動詞
中考必考點,在試題中大多以單項選擇、完形填空等形式出現。先給大家回顧一下情態動詞的定義:它表示說話人的情緒、態度和語氣。它本身有一定意義,但是意義不完整,不能獨立作謂語,它需要和動詞原型一起構成謂語,且情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化。
1、(2017和平區期末考試第23題)
-Is this red skirt Lily』s?
-No, it ________ be hers、 She doesn』t like red、
A、 need B、 needn』t C、 must D、 can』t
這道題目里並沒有出現難度較高的詞彙,對於同學們來說翻譯句子以及理解大意非常輕松。做題的第一步先翻譯,這道題就是兩個人的對話,一個人問這件紅色的裙子是Lily的嗎?另一個人回答不是,它什麼是她的,她不喜歡紅色。所以翻譯完題目之後,大家肯定都知道要填的是不可能。第二步再看四個選項,都是情態動詞,涉及到了need、must和can三個詞。Need 是需要,needn』t是不需要,must是必須,can』t則是我們要選的答案,不可能。
那can作為情態動詞,它具有不同的含義,所以這是大家在考前要掌握的知識點。下面我們通過不同的例句給大家總結歸納:
(1)Can you drive a car?
-Yes, I can、 -No, I can『t、
在這里can表能力,有「能」、「會」、「能夠」的意思。
(2) Can I use your bike?
在這里can表徵求許可,意為「可以…」。
(3) Today is Sunday、 He can』t be at school、
在這里can表推測可能性,常用於否定句和疑問句。
所以剛剛那道題里,考查我們的是can的第三種含義,表推測。
2、(2016南開區期末考試第28題)
-Look! It ________ be Tony』s mother、
-It _______ be her、 She has just left for Shanghai on business、
A、 can; mustn』t B、 can』t; must C、 must; mustn』t D、 must; can』t
第二道題目我們還是先來翻譯,一個人說:「看!那什麼是托尼的媽媽。」另一個人說:「那什麼是她。她剛去上海出差。」這道題很明顯還是考察情態動詞的推測用法,通過語境我們分析出,一個人看見一個女人,覺得她肯定是托尼媽媽,而另一個人覺得肯定不會是她,因為她剛剛出發去上海出差。因此觀察四個選項之後,表肯定推測(一定是)為must,表否定推測(肯定不是)為can』t。上一道題目我們講解了can這個詞,這道題目我們來講解must這個詞。
(1)must表必須, ≈ have to
二者之間區別:must強調主觀,無時態變化,否定表示禁止不允許;have to強調客觀,時態豐富,否定表示不需要。
註:mustn』t是考頻超高的熱點,因其肯定形式表必須,所以同學們總是把否定形式理解為不必須。所以大家要注意!mustn』t表禁止、不允許的含義。那有同學就有疑問了,必須的否定怎麼說呢,記好筆記哦,我們可以用needn』t或者don』t have to來表達不必須的含義。
(2)must表推測(用於肯定句)
must + v、 (原) 表示對現在情況的肯定推測
must + have done 表示對過去情況的肯定推測
(3)關於must提問的回答:
肯定: -Yes, you must、 (是的,你必須)
否定: -No, you needn『t、
-No, you don『t have to、
(不,你不必 )
初中英語知識點總結3
一、初中句法的兩大語態
1、主動語態, 即當主語是謂語動作的發出者時,被稱之為是主動語態;例如:The students clean their desk every morning、
2、被動語態, 即當主語是謂語動作的承受者時,被稱之為是被動語態;例如:Their desk is cleaned by the students every morning、
二、初中語法中的八大時態
1、一般現在時: 指現在的某種狀況及經常或反復發生的動作和行為,例如:he has nine classes every day、
2、一般過去時: 指過去在某個時間段里發生的動作或過去習慣性的動作,例如:You didn』t stay with my sister yesterday、
3、一般將來時: 表示將要發生的動作或准備做某事的一種狀態,例如:My little 王芸brother will get married、
4、過去進行時: 表示過去某段時間里及某個時刻正在發生或進行的動作,例如:My sister was playing game from six to ten last night、
5、過去將來時: 從過去的某個時刻看將來的事情,賓語從句中經常會出現,例如:My friend said he would visit the Great Wall next weekend、
6、過去完成時: 在過去的某個時間之前發生的行為,即「過去的過去」,例如:She said she had worked in that company since 2000、
7、現在進行時: 表示此刻說話時正在進行的動作,例如:She is washing her hand、
8、現在完成時: 過去已經發生的事情對現在造成的影響或從過去已經開始並且持續到現在的動作,例如:I have worked in that company since 2000、