① 初中英語知識點總結 中考必考語法總結
初中生學習英語應該注意知識點的總結,下面我為大家總結了初中英語知識點,僅供大家參考。
初中英語重點知識點
一般現在時:常與always,often,sometimes, every day連用,表示習慣或經常反復發生的動作或存在的狀態。提醒你當第三人稱單數做主語時,別忘了動詞的變化。注意:象"地球大,月亮小"等客觀真理、事實一定用一般現在時。
現在進行時:要注意其構成:由be+動詞+ing,表示說話時正在進行的動作。如:We're studying now. 我們現在正在學習。
過去進行時:顯然過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正在做什麼,常和特定的時間狀語如at that time,at six yesterday,at that moment,when he came in等連用。如: When he knocked at the door,his mother was cooking.
英語簡單句知識點
句型:主語+謂語
只包含一個主謂結構,而句子的各個結構都只由 單詞 或短語表示。簡單句有五種基本句型,詳見第十七章。
They are playing baseball in the garden.
他們正在公園里打棒球。
Her brother and sister both are teachers.
她的哥哥和姐姐都是老師。
中考必背賓語從句知識點
考察的三個要點:語序,時態,關聯詞。
1.定義:用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。
2.構成:關聯詞+簡單句。
3賓語從句的語序一定是陳述句語序。(who 作主語的從句本身就是陳述句語序)
4賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語,連接賓語從句的連詞有that(that在口語中常省略)。 whether,if,和連接代詞what, which, who, whom及連接副詞when, where, how, why。
He knew(that) he should study hard.
他知道他應該努力學習。
Can you tell me which class you are in?
您能告訴我,您在哪一班嗎?
He asked me if he could come in,
他問我他是否能進來。
以上就是我為大家總結的初中 英語 知識點,僅供參考,希望對大家有所幫助。
② 初中定語從句知識點
初中英語定語從句知識點大全(一)
要學定語從句,得知道什麼是定語。定語是用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞的。例如,agoodbook,good就是定語。那麼復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句就叫做定語從句。定語從句由關系代詞或關系副詞引導,相當於形容詞,在句中作定語。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,定語從句一般放在先行詞的後面。引導定語從句的關聯詞稱為關系詞,關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose等,絕對沒有what;關系副詞有where,when,why,how等。關系詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間,起連接作用,同時又作定語從句的某個成分。
一、關系代詞引導的定語從句
1、由who,whom,that,Whose引導的從句
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,who作主語指人,whom作賓語指人,that既可作主語又可作賓語(作賓語可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。Whose用來指人或物,只用作定語。
(1)Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他是那個想見你的男人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)
(2)Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
(3)你剛剛說話的那個男人是我們的英語老師
(4).那個兒子是醫生的男人是我們的教授。
2、由which,that引導的從句
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,作賓語時可以省略,例如:
(1) Prosperitywhich/.農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。(which/that在從句中作主語)
(2)Thepackage(which/that).你拿那個包裹快要散開了。(which/that在從句中作賓語)
注意:代表物時多用which,但在下列情況中用that而不用which:
a)先行詞是anything,everything,nothing,none等不定代詞時;
b)先行詞由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修飾時,這時的that常被省略;
c)先行詞前有序數詞或被形容詞最高級修飾時;
d)先行詞中既有人又有物時;
e)整個句中前面已有which,who,that時;
f)當先行詞為物並作表語時;
g)先行詞為one時;
h)先行詞同時又被theonly,thevery,thesame修飾時;
③ 初中英語語法知識總結:從句
一 名詞性從句:
1. 主要包括主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句和同位語從句. 一般由that 引起,也可由who, what, when, why, which, whom, whether, how 引起.
2. 主語從句很多情況下都可以放到句子後面,而用代詞it作形式上的主語. :
3. 形式賓語
4. 由名詞性關系代詞whatever, whoever, whichever 等引起的賓語從句
5. whether and if 都能引導從句, 但用法有所不同. 當主語從句直接位於句首時,應用whether,而不用if. Whether 後能直接or not, 但if 不能.
Whether he will come or not is not known.
6. 在名詞reason後的表語從句必須用that引導, 不可誤用 because.
The reason why he is often late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning.
二: 定語從句
1. 引導定語從句的關系詞有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why and which. 在非限制定語從句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整個句子, 多用which.
2. 當引導定語從句的先行詞前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等詞, 或先行詞前為形容詞最高級所修飾時,或先行詞為all, anything, nothing, something, everything 時,從句的引導詞只能用that.
3. as 可做引導詞引導定語從句, 多和such, the same 連用. As 引導的定語從句也可修飾整個句子, 既可放在先行詞後,也可放在句子開頭.
4. 介詞+which/whom/whose從句
5. 代/名+介詞+which 從句
6. 同位語從句和定語從句
三 狀語從句:
修飾主句中的動詞, 形容詞和副詞, 通常有從屬連詞引導, 按其意義和作用可分為時間, 地點, 條件, 原因, 讓步, 目的, 結果, 方式, 比較.等
1. 時間狀語從句:
1) 常見連詞有 after, as, before, once, since, till, (not)until, when, whenever(no matter when), while, as long as, as soon as etc.
2) no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely, barely)…when: 剛做…就….
3) 還有 immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, every time etc
2. 地點狀語從句: 一般用where or wherever 引導
3. 條件狀語從句:真實條件從句:if, unless, so long as, provided that, supposing that, on condition that, in the event that, in case that etc
4. 原因狀語從句: 從屬連詞有because, as ,since, for, now, that, in that, seeing that, considering that(鑒於,由於)
5. 讓步狀語從句:
1): even if, though, even though, while(盡管) no matter what/how/which, however, whatever, whichever, however etc.
2) 由as 引起的讓步從句, 語氣較強烈,被強調的詞須放在句首.
3) whether…or,不管…或…
6. 結果狀語從句: so that, so…that, such…that
7. 目的狀語從句: so that, in order that, for fear that, lest, in case
8. 方式狀語從句: as, just as, as if: 如同…一樣
9. 比較狀語從句:
1) as…as, not so/as…as
2) 比較級+than, so much/a lot more than
3) no more…than, not more…than, less…than
4) the more…the more
④ 求初中英語從句的知識點(希望全面點)
賓語從句 間接引語:sb say that/tell+賓語+that 第三者轉述第一人對第二人所說的話
定語從句 主句+what/which/that+從句(修飾主句) 補足主句
狀語從句 條件狀語從句:if+從句(一般現在時)+主句(一般將來時) 如果…………表未來假設
現在完成時 have+done(動詞p.p形式) 表示過去所做的一直影響到現在
被動語態 be+done+(by+主語)可省略 某物被怎麼怎麼樣,表被動發生的動作
這些都是最主要的考點難點,其他簡單的就不打了。
⑤ 求初中英語定語從句的必備知識點
1)who: 當先行項指人時,在定語從句中作主語。
eg: The student who answered the question was John.
The man who was here yesterday is a artist.
2)whom: 當先行項指人時,在定語從句中作賓語。
eg: The man whom I saw is called Smith.
The professor whom you wish to see has come.
3)which: 當先行項指物時,在定語從句中作主語、賓語。
eg: This is the book which has been translated into many languages.(主語)
He doesn』t know the rule which everybody knows.(賓語)
4)that: 當先行項指人、物時,在定語從句中作主語、賓語。
eg: The building that stands over there is a hospital.
The letter that I received form him yesterday is very important.
Is he the man that sells eggs?
He is the man that we are looking for.
註:先行項指物時,只用that的情況
① 先行項有形容詞最高級修飾
eg: It is the largest map that I』ve ever seen.
This is the most interesting book I』ve ever read.
② 先行項有序數詞修飾
eg: It』s the first book that won the prize.
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
③ 先行項有the only, the very, the same修飾
eg: This is the very computer that I want.
He is the only one among us that knows Spanish.
That』s the same man that asked for help the day before yesterday.
④ 先行項有不定代詞修飾
eg: All the apples that fell down were picked up.
⑤ 先行項本身為不定代詞
eg: All that glitters is not gold.
There is nothing that can prevent him form doing it.
This reference book contains much/ little that is useful.
⑥ 先行項為既指人又指物的並列名詞短語
eg: The boy and the book that the police are looking for disappeared.
He talked of the man and the book that interested him.
Look at the girl and the dog that are crossing the street.
註:先行項指人時,只用that的情況
① 先行項有形容詞最高級修飾
eg: Newton was one of the greatest men that ever lived.
He was the cleverest man that ever taught in our school.
② 先行項有序數詞修飾
eg: He was the first Japanese that won the Nobel Prize.
③ 先行項有the only, the very, the same修飾
eg: He is the only one among us that knows Spanish.
④ 先行項有all, any等限定詞修飾
eg: Any students that want to get the ticket may come in.
5)當先行項為整個上文時,用which不用that
eg: I have known men far more able than Bowles, but not half so interesting
whichis quite a different thing.
6)介詞前置只用which 不用that
eg: This is the hotel at which I stayed ring my holiday.
7)關系代詞whose作定語,表示定語從句的主語與先行詞之間的所屬關系,可用of which 替
換,詞序一般是「名詞 + of which」,也可以是「of which + 名詞」。
eg: He』s written a book the name of which (= whose name) I』ve completely
forgotten.
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.
2. 關系副詞(在定語從句中作狀語):when, where, why…
1)when: 時間狀語
eg: He came last night when I was out.
2)where: 地點狀語
eg: That is the place where he once lived.
3)why: 原因狀語(why只有限定用法,而非限定用法則用for which reason)
eg: He refused to disclose the reason why he did it.
The reason why I was late is that there was a traffic jam on my way he
⑥ 初中英語必備語法知識
對於大部分初中生來說,英語語法是十分難學的,不僅難理解,不好記憶,部分復發內容還很容易混淆。下面是我為大家整理的關於初中英語必備語法知識,希望對您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學習!
初中英語語法知識 總結
一、時間狀語從句種類
1、引導的從句表示主從句的動作同時發生,或從句的動作在主句之前。when引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續性的動詞,又可以是瞬時動詞。例如:
When she came in, I stopped eating.她進來時,我停止吃飯。(瞬時動詞)
When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.當我住在農村時,我常常為他擔水。(延續性的動詞)
We were about to leave when he came in.我們就要離開,就在那時他進來了。
2、While引導的從句的謂語動作必須是延續性的,並強調主句和從句的動作同時發生(或者相對應)。並且while有時還可以表示對比。例如:While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延續性的動詞,was reading和was watching同時發生)I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜歡踢 足球 ,而你喜歡打 籃球 。(對比)
3、As表示「一邊……一邊」,as引導的動作是延續性的動作,一般用於主句和從句動作同時發生;as也可以強調「一先一後。例如:We always sing as we walk.我們總是邊走邊唱。(as表示」一邊……一邊「)As we was going out, it began to snow.當我們出門時,開始下雪了。(as強調句中兩個動作緊接著先後發生,而不強調開始下雪的特定時間)
4、由before和after引導的時間狀語從句,表示兩個動作一前一後發生。 例如:It will be four days before they come back. 他們要過四天才能回來。
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔細考慮過以後,告訴我你是怎樣決定的。
5、由till或until引導的時間狀語從句。till和until一般情況下兩者可以互換,但是在強調句型中多用until.並且要注意的是:如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時,必須用否定形式;如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續性動詞時,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表達的意思不同。till不可以用在句首,而until可以放在句首。例如:
I didn't go to bed until(till)my father came back.直到我父親回來我才上床睡覺。 I worked until he came back.我工作到他回來為止。
初中英語語法知識歸納
感嘆句(Exclamatory Sentence)
感嘆句通常有what, how引導,表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情。
what修飾名詞,how 修飾形容詞,副詞或動詞,感嘆句結構主要有以下幾種:
掌握它的搭配,即掌握了感嘆句的重點。
How +形容詞+ a +名詞+ 陳述語序
How+形容詞或副詞+ 陳述語序
What +名詞+ 陳述語序
What+a+形容詞+名詞+ 陳述語序
What+ 形容詞+復數名詞+ 陳述語序
What+ 形容詞+不可數名詞+ 陳述語序
How clever a boy he is!
How lovely the baby is!
What noise they are making!
What a clever boy he is!
What wonderful ideas (we have)!
What cold weather it is!
感嘆句的省略形式為:
What a clever boy (he is)!
定義:表達強烈情緒(喜、怒、哀、樂、驚、恐等)的 句子 叫做感嘆句。
強烈情緒的表達通常有下列三種方式:
(a)使用感嘆詞;
(b)只用情緒感覺的語詞,例如:
Water! Water! Quick!
(水!水!快!——如救火或救人時。)
What taste!
(這是什麼味道啊!——如吃到怪味時)
(c)使用「How…!」或「What(a)…!」的句式,例如:
How beautiful you are, Helen!
(海倫,你是多麼美!)
初中英語語法知識
可數名詞的復數形式
1.可數名詞的復數形式的規則變化:
1)一般情況,直接詞尾加s, 讀音:在清輔音後讀/s/,在濁輔音和母音後讀/z/,在t後讀/ts/,在d後讀/dz/,在以母音字母加y結尾的單詞中,讀/z/
如:cake-cakes,day-days ,student-students, bed-beds
2)以s,x,sh,ch等結尾的詞,加es,讀/ⅠZ/, 如bus-buses, class-classes, watch-watches
3)以輔音字母加y結尾的詞,變y為i加es,讀/z/
如:baby-babies, city-cities, country-countries, lady-ladies 4)部分以f(fe)結尾的詞,變f(fe)為ves,讀/vz/ 如:leaf-leaves, wolf-wolves, life-lives 5)以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等結尾的詞,加s,讀/ⅠZ/ 如:face-faces, orange-oranges
2.不規則變化
1)單復同形:fish-fish,sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-chinese, Japanse 2)個別字母變化:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet 其他:mouse-mice 某國人變復數
中國人:a Chinese-chinese
某國人:an Enlishman-Englishmen 阿拉伯人:an Arab-Arabs
口訣:中日不變英法變,其餘s加後面
3)以-o結尾的名詞,加es
記憶口訣:黑人英雄愛吃土豆西紅柿 而一般情況下加s: zoo-zoos, radio-radios
4)復合名詞前面的名詞是man,woman變復數時,構成復合名詞的兩個名詞全都要變成復數形式;若其他詞,變復數時,只需把後面的名詞變成復數形式。 a man teacher—men teachers
a boy student-boy students
5)字母、數字、引語或縮略(詞)語的復數形式是其後加’s或s There are two f’s in the word 「office」. Many VIPs are coming to our city.
6)有些以f或fe結尾的詞直接加s變成復數 roof-roofs, belief-beliefs, proof-proofs, chief-chiefs
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⑦ 初中英語定語從句知識點盤點
1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它們在從句中作主語或賓語,that在從句中作賓語時常可省略關系詞,which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且,如果which在從句中作「不及物動詞+介詞」的介詞的賓語,注意介詞不要丟掉,而且介詞總是放在關系代詞which的前邊,但有的則放在它原來的位置
2. which作賓語時,根據先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關系,先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟
3. 代表物時多用which,但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which,這些詞包括all, anything, much等,這時的that常被省略
4. who和whom引導的從句用來修飾人,分別作從句中的主語和賓語,whom作賓語時,要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的.賓語
5. where是關系副詞,用來表示地點的定語從句
6. when引導定語從句表示時間
〔注〕值得一提的是,表示時間「time"一詞的定語從句只用when引導,有時不用任何關系代詞,當然也不用that引導
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.
I still remember the first time I met her.
Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.
7. whose是關系代詞,修飾名詞作定語,相當於所修飾成分的前置所有格
8. 當從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時,常用there is來引導
⑧ 初中英語從句知識點總結
從句
1、主語從句
引導詞有:that,what,whether,when,wherever,who 等,主語從句的謂語動詞必須用單數.
舉例:
1) That he will fall the exam is certain.
2) What she said is true.
3) It doesn't matter when she leaves.
4) Whoever is tired may rest.
2、表語從句
一般位於系動詞之後.
舉例:
The question is that I also like her.
3、賓語從句
句型:主句 + 連詞 + 賓語從句
連接賓語從句的詞有:that,if,whether,who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how,whoever,whomever,whenever,wherever 等》
舉例:
1) He said that he was the first to clamb to the top of the mountain.
2) I wonder if / whether you could lend me tour bike.
3) Parents shouldn't give their children whatever they want.
4) She doesn't know who will come.
5) He asked if / whether she had an apartment in the city.
6) Who do you think they will travel with?
4、狀語從句
(1)時間狀語從句
引導時間狀語從句的連詞有:when,whenever,as,while,before,after,until,till,since,ever,as soon asimmediately,directly,hardly,hardly ...when 等.
舉例:
1) When I was in Shanghai,I met her.
2) Please wait until you are called.
(2)地點狀語從句
常由 where 何 wherever 引導.
舉例:
He lives where the street crosses the river.
(3)原因狀語從句
常由 as,because,since,now that,seeing that 等引導,其中語氣最強烈的就是 because.
舉例:
He has to leave off because he is seriously ill.
(4)條件狀語從句
常由 if,unless,as long as,so long as 等引導.
舉例:
If you can correct your faults,your work is good.
(5)目的狀語從句
常由 so that,in order to 等引導.
舉例:
Speak loudly so that every one may hear you clearly.
(6)比較狀語從句
常由 than,as,as ...as 等引導.
舉例:
I have got as much money as I need.
(7)讓步狀語從句
常由 though / although,even though,as,if,even if 和 wh- + -ever 復合詞引導.
舉例:
Although I tried my best to learn English,I haven't passed the exam.
(8)方式狀語從句
常由 as,as if,as though,how 等引導.
舉例:
She looks as if she is still young.
(9)結果狀語從句
常由 that,so / such that 等引導.
舉例:
She is such a good teacher that all the students love and respect her.
5、定語從句
結構:
.先行詞(被修飾的名詞或代詞) + 關系代詞 / 關系副詞 + .
一般來說,修飾人用 who,whom,whose,that;修飾物用 that / which.
舉例:
1) The road which through our school is very wide.
2) This is the school where my brother studies
3) Is there anything that you don't understand?.