① 英語語法知識講解之解析祈使句
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。
表叮囑
■典型例句
Fasten your seat belt. 系好安全帶。
Be sure to get here before nine. 千萬要在九點以前到。
Stay in bed for a couple of days. 卧床休息幾天。
Take care of yourselves. 你們要注意身體啊!
Look over what you』ve written before handing it to the examiner. 先把你寫的看一遍，再交給考官。
Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you might be knocked down. 過馬路要非常小心，要看兩邊，不然會被車撞倒。
表建議
■典型例句
Get your hair cut! 你去理發吧!
Get your eyes tested! 你去檢查一下你的眼睛吧!
Ask Jake, not his wife. 去問傑克，不要問他妻子。
Come early, but not before six. 早點來，但別在6點以前。
Go off for the weekend, why don』t you? 去度周末，好嗎?
Have a bath and a rest and you』ll feel better. 洗個澡，休息一下，你就會覺得好些。
Cancel the match if it rains. If it rains, cancel the match. 如果下雨，就取消比賽吧。
Take a taxi, otherwise you』ll miss your train. 你如不叫出租汽車，你就會誤掉火車的。
You try teaching 40 noisy children five days a week! 你來試試每周5天教40個吵鬧的孩子!
註：以let』s開頭的祈使句通常表示建議。如：
Let』s go to the cinema tonight. 今晚咱們去看電影。
Let』s get down to work. 咱們干起來吧
表命令
■典型例句
Hands off! 不要摸!
Go there right away. 馬上去那兒。
Nobody move. 任何人都不許動。
Stand over there. 站到那邊去。
Drop that gun, or I』ll shoot you. 放下槍，不然我就打死你。
表請求
■典型例句
Give me a hand, will you? 幫我一個忙，好嗎?
Please help me for a few minutes. 請幫我幾分鍾。
Please remember me to Mr. Smith. 請幫我向史密斯先生致意。
Do forgive me I didn』t mean to be rude. 務請原諒，我無心對你粗魯無禮。
Be an angel and fetch me my slippers please. 請行行好，把我的拖鞋拿來。
Please don』t telephone before 8 a. m. 早8點以前請不要打電話。
Hand me the hammer, will you? 把錘子遞給我好嗎?
Do be quiet, for God』s sake! 看在上帝的份上，安靜一會兒吧!
Give me some bread as well, please. 請你也給我一點兒麵包吧。
Bring the fruit up to the dining room, will you? 把水果送到樓上餐廳里來好嗎?
I』ll try on a few of these shirts. Please pass me that white one. 我要試穿幾件襯衣，請把那件白色的遞給我
初三英語上冊知識點：Let引導的祈使句
由"let"帶頭的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是個常見的動詞句型，它的主要用法有下列三種：
1.表示「建議」。
這個句型里的"let"後頭緊跟著一個第一人稱的代詞賓語，如：
(1) Let me try.
(2) Let's do it.
(3) Let me go and look for it.
這個句型語氣委婉，比直接的祈使句客氣。試比較(4)a和(4)b:
(4) a. Don't disturb him.
b. Let's not disturb him.
(a)是直接命令，語氣強烈，不如(b)溫柔悅耳。
2.表示「間接命令」或「願望」。
這句型里的動詞賓語是第三人稱名詞或代詞，如：
(5) Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.
(6) Let her join our choir.
3.表示「警告」、「蔑視」、「威脅」等。
這種祈使句里的賓語也是第三人稱為主。除了口氣兇悍之外，有時還語帶諷刺，如：
(7) Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.
(8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.
用"let"的祈使句時，必須注意下列幾點：
一、"let" 的否定句有二。如果賓語是第三人稱用"Don't let……"(見例(9));如果賓語是第一人稱，則用"Let……not" (見例(10))：
(9) Don't let this type of things happen again.
(10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.
二、"Let"只適用於現在時態，可以有被動語態 (the passive voice),如：
(11) Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.
(12) Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
三、"Let"後頭除了是不帶"to"的不定式動詞 (The infinitive without"to")之外，還可以是某些適當的副詞，如out, in, down, alone等：
(13) Let the puppy out.
(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
(15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.
(16) Let me alone, please.
四、用"Let's"時，把談話者的.對象包括在內;用"Let us"時，並不包括對方，如：
(17) Let's try it, shall we?
(18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
從(17)里的"shall we"和(18)里的"will you"，不難知道前者包括聽話人，後者並沒有。
英語語法大全：祈使句
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了小學英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
祈使句表示請求、命令、建議、邀請等，謂語動詞一律用原型，句子中通常不用主語，句末用驚嘆好或者句號，用降調。
肯定句：動詞原型
Come here, please.
Go downstairs, please.
Stand up.
Sit down.
Be quiet.
Be careful.
祈使句中如果有喚語，一定要用逗號隔開，放在句首或者句尾：
Come in, Amy.
Sit down here, Tom.
Mary, give me a book please.
否定：Don't+動詞原型
Don't come here.
Don't sit down.
Don't stand up.
Don't give me it.
let sb. do 讓某人做
Let me pass.
Let us have a rest.
Let's have a rest.
反意疑問：
Let's have a walk along the river, shall we?
Let us go out for a drink, will you?
初中英語句型分類知識點詳解：祈使句
一般祈使句
句型[(呼語)，(Don't)動詞原形+(賓語)+其他]
1. Study, study and once more study. 2. Working men of all countries, unite!
3. Learn from comrade Lei Feng. 4. Don't forget it. 5. Come here.
6. Stop crying and wipe away your tears.
句型[(Don't)Be+表語+(其他)]
1. Be red and expert. 2. Be brave, don't be afraid. 3. Don't be shy!
4. Be careful, when cross the street. 5. Be an honest person, speak and act honestly.
3. Don't be afraid, speak out.
句型[Get+過去分詞/副詞虛助詞+(其他)]
1. Get organized! 2. Get done with it. 3. Get away! 4. Get along with you.
5. Get out of here. 6. Get back.
[附註] 祈使句一般不用主語，如系多數人而須指示任務時可以有主語，這個主語相當於呼語。如：
1. You talk; we have heard enough from the others.
2. Everybody shut their eyes.
3. You sweep the floor, Xiao Wang; you clean the desks, Xiao Li, and others fetch water.
其次，大人對孩子說話，或含有急躁、厭煩等情緒， 也可加主語you
1. Now you listen to me. 2. You must not talk so loud!
3. Now you get a bit of paper and write down. 4. Your mind your own business!
第三，當句中的副詞虛助詞在句首時，須用主語，如：In you go! (=Go in, please.)
強語勢祈使句
句型62[(肯定句)Do +動詞原形+(其他)]/[(否定句) Never+動詞原形+(其他)]
1. Do tell me! 2. Do be careful! 3. Do come! 4. Do stay with us! 5. Never tell a lie.
6. Never stand right in the middle of your work.
7. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
句型[No/None of+名詞!]
1. No falsehood! Our strength lies in stating the truth.
2. The King said: "he has studied too much, No books and no teachers any more!...
3. None of your little games! 4. None of your nonsense! 5. None of your impudence
[注1] no是泛指，none所指有一定的范圍
[注2] 舊時有用for God's sake或for goodness' sake等來加強語氣的。For God's sake don't fire that gun!
委婉祈使句
句型[Please+動詞原形+(其他)]
1. Please pass me the dictionary. 2. Lend me your knife, please.
3. Don't stand please on ceremony. 4. Move along, please. 5. Please help yourself!
[注] 文學作品中please可用pray替代，如：1. Pray go home. 2. Pray, go on with your next story.
句型[Will you/ Won't you/ Would you+動詞原形+(其他)]
1. Will you come here? (= Please come here.) 2. Will you do the beds, while I do the windows?
3. Help me with this luggage, will you? 4. Won't you stay a little longer?
5. Won't you have some more? 6. "Would you do me a favor?" - "Why, of course."
7. Would you like another drink? 8. Would you kindly show me the way?
[注] 疑問句的祈使句還有 could, can, may, might, 如：Could you lend me five shillings until tomorrow?
Might (May) I borrow your pen (for) a moment?
句型[Would you mind (not) +動名詞+(其他)]/ [Do you mind (not) +動名詞+(其他)]
1. "Would (或Do) you mind lending me your dictionary?"-"Certainly not."
2. Would you mind being here at nine o'clock?
3. "Do you mind my opening the window?"-"Oh, no, please."
4. Do you mind not smoking in the dining-room, please?
句型[What about +動名詞+(其他)]/[How about+動名詞+(其他)]
1. What about starting work tomorrow? 2. What about going out for a walk?
3. How about trying to do it my way?
句型[Be+so good/kind as+不定式+(其他)]/ [Be+good/kind enough+不定式+(其他)]
1. Be so good as to come and join us at 5 o'clock.
2. Be so kind as (=kind enough) to shut the door.
3. Be good enough to let me know when you will return from your holiday.
4. Be kind enough to come and help me to study English.
[注1] 句型60, 61可與本句型結合使用， 如：1. Will you be back early this evening, please? 2. Will you be kind enough/so kind as to close the door? 3. Would you be so good as to post the letter for me?
[注2] 有時可以在這些句型前加上just, 使語氣更緩和，如：Just listen to her, please! Just shut the door, will you?
建議祈使句
句型[Let us/ Let's或Let+第三人稱賓語+動詞原形+其他]
1. Let us know the time of your arrival. 2. Oh, do let us be friends.
3. "Let's go."-"yes, let's go." 4. Let's start early, shall we?
5. "Shall he come in?"-"let him wait!" 6. Let him have his say.
7. "Nature and Nature's laws lay hid in night, god said 'Let Newton be' and all was light.'
[注] let可用於句型55，如：Let me see. "Let me alone." "Please let me into the house."
句型[Let+賓語+not }+動詞原形+其他][Don't let+賓語+動詞原形+其他]
1. Let us not go. 2. Let's not waste out time arguing about it. 3. Let's not discuss it in class.
4. Don't let the fire out. 5. Don't let the children come near the edge.
6. Pray (please) don't let us be splitting hairs…, or there'll never be an end of the cause.
[注1] 古英語中可採用 "Let not+賓語…"的形式，如：1. Let not success elate you. (=you should not be elated by success.) 2. Let not failure deject you
[注2] 以上三種否定式不可用於間接引語中，如：(誤)Tell him don't let the fire out.
(誤)Tell him let the fire not out. (誤)Tell him let not the fire out. (正)Tell him not to let the fire out.
句型[Suppose/Supposing+主語+謂語(動詞原形、過去時)+其他]
1. Suppose you ring me up. 2. Supposing we go for a swim.
3. Suppose (Supposing) we try to do it my way. 4. Supposing we looked (look) him up today.
句型[主語+had better+動詞原形+其他]
1. We'd better start early. (=It would be better for us to start early.)
2. You'd better do as the doctor says and stay in bed.
3. You had better go to the fields and have a look. 4. Hadn't you better take an umbrella?
[注] 相當於本句型的還有以下二式：1. "…would be well+不定式…" It would be well to start early.
2. "…may as well+原形動詞…" We may as well go.
[附註] 建議祈使句還可以用以下動詞來表達
1)allow, 如：Allow me, Sir, to introce you to my fellow-travelers.
Pray allow me to detain you for a moment..
2) permit, 多用於正式場合，如：Permit me to explain further.
Please permit me, on behalf of our school, to extend my heartfelt greetings to you.
其次，也可用陳述句來表達這種概念。如：You have to knock before you enter my room.
1. You are not to come into my room without knocking.
2. You ought to show honor to your teachers. 3. We should be the masters of Science.
4. You are to write your name at the top of each sheet of paper.
祝願句
句型[Long live+第三人稱主語]
1. Long live our socialist motherland.
2. Long live the great, glorious and correct Communist Party of China.
句型[May+第二、三人稱主語+動詞原形+其他]
1. May you return soon! 2. May he never repent this act!
3. May you succeed in building up a strong and prosperous country!
4. May our two peoples achieve even greater successes in our socialist construction!
[注] 句型69，70可結合使用。如：Long may she live to enjoy her good fortune!
有時可用might代替may, 如：Rather might they live in friendship for the future!
句型[(祝願內容)名詞+to+名詞或代詞(被祝願對象)]
1. Eternal glory to the people's heroes! 2. Solute to you! 3. Success to you!
4. A long life to you! 5. A toast to our friendship! 6. A happy journey to you! 7. Good luck to you!
句型[If only/But+主語+虛擬式謂語+其他]
1. If only Marx were still by my side to see this with his own eyes!
2. If only I had known then what I knew long afterwards!
3. Ah, if only it had life and movement! 4. If I could only get something to do.
句型[Oh/ O/ Ah)名詞+that+主語+虛擬式謂語+其他][Oh/ O/ Ah)名詞+to be+表語+其他]
[Oh/ O/ Ah)名詞+虛擬式謂語+主語+其他]
1. Oh! That she could come back to life again! 2. O that he were alive and could see the fruits of his labor.
3. Ah, that I had but known! 4. O that I had listened to him! 5. Oh, to be in England now that April's there! 6. O to be a boy again! 7. O were he only here! 8. O had I wings!
句型[Be+主語+表語+其他]/[表語+Be+主語+其他]
1. Be his banner unconquered, resistless his spear.
2. Be ours a happy meeting! 3. Light be her heart and gay her merry eyes!
4. So be it! (=So may it be! =Be it so!)
5. "Good friend for Jesus' sake, forbear
To dig the st enclosed here,
Blessed be he that spares these stones
And curst be he that moves my bones." (Epitaph written by Shakespeare)
句型[Would (that)+主語+虛擬式謂語+其他]
1. Would (that) it were otherwise! 2. Would that they were safe home again!
3. Would you were with us! (= I wish you were with us!) 4. Would I were a scientist!
5. Would (that) I were young again. 6. Would I were as strong as you.
[注] 口語中還有各種表示祝願的說法，如：Good morning! A Happy New Year! A Happy Holiday! Happy journey! Many happy returns (of the day)! Good luck in everything! My best wishes to you!
揭示句
句型 [ No+動名詞或名詞!]/ [(修飾語)+名詞]
1. No Smoking! 2. No Parking Here! 3. No Scribbling (on the wall)! 4. No Passage!
2. No Admittance! 6. No Admittance except on business. 7. No Spitting! 8. No Talking!
9. No Thoroughfare. 10. No Bill (或 Post No Bill). 11. Not to Be Taken Away!
12. Order! 13. Interval - 10 Min. 14. The End. 15. Night Bell. 16. Holiday.
17. Poison! 18. Danger! 19. High Tension! 20. Attention! (或Look out!)
[注] 這種句型還可以用副詞，形容詞，分詞，動詞，片語或句子來表達，如：Slow; Keep Right;
Hands off; Wet Paint; Beware of Fire; Upstairs; Downstairs; Push; Pull; Children not Allowed; Engaged; Full, All Full; Time's over; Entrance; Exit; Way out等。
口號口令式祈使句
句型[副詞虛助詞+with+名詞(或代詞)]
1. Down with the slave mentality! Bury dogmatism!
2. Away with superstition and emancipate the mind.
3. Down with the landlords! 4. Up with the poor! 5. Up with it! 6. In with you! 7. Out with it!
8. Off with your hat. 9. Off with their heads! 10. On with your shoes!
句型[名詞+副詞虛助詞!] [副詞或比較級副詞!]
1. Hands up! 2. Hands off! 3. Skates off! 4. Forward to new victories! 5. Louder! 6. Higher!
7. "Forward, men, forward" cries Pakenham. 8. "Away!-away!" cried she wildly.
② 強調復雜的英語語法結構句式
強調復雜的英語語法結構句式
英語語法強調句知識點：復雜結構的強調句式
句子結構比較復雜時，尤其是當被強調成分比較復雜時，有的同學們就不能識別句子所用的強調結構，從而不能正確作出選擇。 如：
It was lack of money, not of effort, that defeated their plan.
他們的計劃受挫，原因是缺少錢而不是沒有盡力。
It was more in sorrow than in anger that he criticized his former colleague.
他批評以前的同事，並非出於氣憤而是為他惋惜。
It is the protection for the trees that really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.
真正重要的在於對樹木的保護，而不在於種了多少樹。
As far as he』s concerned, it』s not doing something wrong that matters, but not being caught doing something wrong,
就他而論，重要的不是做錯事，而是做錯事不被抓住。
請看兩道題：
(1) It is not who is right but what is right _______ is of importance.
A. which B. it C. that D. this
答案為C。此題考查it is…that…這一強調句式，被強調的是not who is right but what is right，全句意為：重要的不是誰是對的，而是什麼才是對的。
有時考查not…but…的同義結構…rather than…與強調結構的綜合運用。如：
(2) It is what you do rather than what you say _______matters
A. that B. what C. which D. this
答案為A。被強調成分為what you do rather than what you say，全句意為：重要的是看你怎麼做，而不是看你怎麼說。
英語語法強調句知識點：It is...that…句式通常不能強調哪些成分
有這樣一道考題：
It was a teacher that she __________.
A. was B. seemed C. looked D. married
此題應選D。從句意上看似乎4個選項都行，其實這里只能填D。因為填A，B，C 中的任意一個選項，都會導致句中的 a teacher成為表語，然而按照強調句句法規則，It is...that這一強調句型是不能強調表語的。一般說來，以下成分不能用於強調句中的被強調部分：
1. 表語：
她很美。
正：She is beautiful.
誤：It is beautiful she is.
他是醫生。
正：He is a doctor.
誤：It is a doctor that he is.
但是賓語補足語卻可以用作被強調部分：
他們選他擔任主席。
正：They elected him chairman.
正：It was chairman that they elected him.
2. since 和 as 引導的原因狀語從句(但 because 從句卻可以)：
他不能來是因為他病了。
正：It is because he is ill that he can』t come.
誤：It is since[as] he』s ill that he can』t come.
3. although 引導的讓步狀語從句：
雖然累了，但他還是去了。
正：He went although he was tired.
誤：It was although he was tired that he went.
英語語法強調句知識點：強調句式強調狀語的五種類型
一、所強調的狀語為單個的副詞
能用於強調句被強調的副詞不多，下面略舉幾例：
It was here that he differed from an Englishman.
他和英國人的不同就在於此。
It was only then that I began to learn the unpalatable truth about John.
直到那時我才開始了解到有關約翰的一些令人難以接受的實情。
It was yesterday that my secretary sent the bill to Mr Harding.
我的秘書是在昨天把賬單送給哈丁先生的。
二、所強調的狀語為融詞性短語
所謂副詞性短語，就是指起副詞作用可用狀語的短語，如last week， some time ago， three days later等。如：
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
第一面帶有一個鍾面和一根時針的鍾是在大約600年前製造的。
It was only last February that he announced he would run for president.
去年2月他才宣布自己將參加總統競選。
It was last night that John wore his best suit to the dance.
約翰是昨晚穿著他最好的衣服去參加舞會的。
三、所強調的狀語為介詞短語
介詞短語的最主要功能就是用作狀語，所以在強調句中，強調用作狀語的介詞短語的現象十分普遍。如：
It was through hard work that he succeeded.
他是通過自己的勤奮工作而成功的。
It was only after his death that she learned of his affair with Betty.
一直到他死後她才知道他和貝蒂有染。
It was along the Mississippi River that Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
正是在密西西比河沿岸，馬克·吐溫度過了他童年的大部分時間。
It was for this reason that her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
這就是她的叔叔離開紐約，搬到一個小山村住下來的原因。
It is only on the world market that we can prove the competitiveness and quality of our goods.
只有在國際市場上我們才能證明自身商品的競爭力和質量。
It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game.
我們輸掉比賽是由於你的愚蠢。
四、所強調的狀語為狀語從句
It was after he got what he had desired that he realized it was not so important.
在他得到自己所渴望的東西後，他意識到那並不是那麼重要。
It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday.
我昨天是由於想買本字典而進城的。
It was only when I read her letter that I realised what was happening.
一直到我讀了她的信以後，我才意識到發生了什麼事。
五、所強調的狀語涉及not…until…句式
not...until...句式中的until可能是介詞(用於引出介詞短語作狀語)也可能是連詞(用於引出從句作狀語)。這類句式的基本結構是It is (was) not until...that...(注意that後面的句子要用肯定式)。如：
It was not until the meal was over that he turned up.
一直到用餐結束以前，他都沒有現身。
It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.
直到我遇到你以後，我才真正體會到幸福。
It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified.
直到1911年才發現了第一種維生素。
It was not until I saw him laughing that I realized what a fool I had been.
直到我看見他笑了，我才意識到我是多麼笨。
英語語法強調句知識點：英語強調句的七種方式
我們在說話或寫文章時，為了要突出句子中的某一部分，我們通常會使用某種方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，這就是強調，與此相關的句子就是強調句。英語表示強調的方法很多，比如在口語中可以用重讀來強調，在書面語中則可通過使用表示強調意義的詞語來強調，也可以通過將被強調成分置於句首這樣的「顯要」位置來強調，還可以使用專門的強調句式來強調。
■用助動詞do來強調
當句子中沒有其他的助動詞時，我們可以在動詞前使用助動詞do表示對該動詞的強調。如：
Do be careful with that vase! 務必小心那個花瓶!
I do hope you』ll stay for lunch. 我真的希望你留下吃午飯。
用於表示強調的do可以有時態的變化，但其後的動詞要用原形。如：
He does look tired. 他確實顯得很疲倦。
He did come but soon went back. 他的確來過，但很快就回去了。
She did write to say thank you. 她的確寫信向你道謝了。
注意，這樣用的do只用於現在時或過去式(即只有do, does, did這樣的形式)，不能用於進行時、完成時等形式(如不用於is doing, has done等)。
■用某些形容詞來強調
英語中用於強調的形容詞比較多，比如那些表示「極端」和「完全」概念的形容詞通常就可以用於表示強調，這類形容詞主要的有：
mere 僅僅的 very 極端的
outright 完全的 thorough 十足的
plain 完全的 complete 徹底的
pure 完全的 perfect 全然的
Jim looked a perfect fool. 吉姆看起來像一個十足的傻瓜。
At that very moment the phone rang. 正好在那個時候電話鈴響了。
We gave the room a thorough cleaning. 我們把房間徹底打掃了一番。
■用某些副詞來強調
英語中有不少副詞可以用於表示強調，比如only就是其中的一個。如：
You may put the meeting off only when it is absolutely necessary. 你們可以把會議推遲，但只是在絕對必要時才能這樣做。
試比較：
Only I kissed her last night. 昨晚只有我吻了她。
I only kissed her last night. 昨晚只是吻了她。
I kissed only her last night. 昨晚我吻的只有她。
I kissed her only last night [last night only]. 我只是在昨晚才吻了她。
■用句首位置來強調
在英語中，句首位置是通常用於表示強調的一個地方，當某個本來不應置於句首的成分放在句首，往往會對這個成分構成強調。比較：
普通：He kept this job twenty years. 這個工作他做了20年。
強調：This job he kept twenty years. 他做這個工作做了20年。
普通：The students can understand this. 學生們是理解這一點的。
強調：This the students can understand. 這一點學生們是理解的。
普通：I know that she is a good girl. 我知道她是一個好姑娘。
強調：That she is a good girl I know. 她是一個好姑娘，我是知道的。
普通：Press the red button to switch on. 請按紅色按鈕開機。
強調：To switch on, press red button. 要開機，請按紅色按鈕。
■用定語從句來強調
有時我們可以使用定語從句來對一個名詞進行強調，如用the person who, the thing that, the place where, the day when, the reason why這樣的結構，把需要強調的名詞與定語從句連在一起。比較：
普通：Mary keeps pigs in the garden shed. 瑪麗在花園的棚子里養豬。
強調：Mary is the person who keeps pigs in the garden shed. 瑪麗就是在花園的棚子里養豬的那個人。(強調Mary)
強調：The garden shed is the place where Mary keeps pigs. 花園里的棚子就是瑪麗養豬的地方。(強調the garden shed)
強調：The place where Mary keeps pigs is the garden shed. 瑪麗養豬的地方是花園里的棚子。(強調the place where Mary keeps pigs)
■用what從句來強調
當what的意思是表示「所……的……」時，它通常具有強調意味，此時的what通常相當於「先行詞+關系代詞」結構。如：
This is what I have to say. 這就是我所要說的話。
句中的what相當於the thing that。
What he says is not important. 他說的話並不重要。
句中的what也相當於the thing that。
He is no longer what he was. 他已經不是以前的他了。
句中的what相當於the person who。
另外，what從句有時還可以用於強調動詞。如：
What we can do is (to) write to him. 我們唯一能做的'事是給他寫信。
What you do is (to) mix the eggs with flour 你要做的事是把麵粉和雞蛋攪和在一起。
■用強調結構來強調
英語中表示強調時有一個很重要的句型，那就是「it is (was)+被強調成分+that (who)+其他」結構。比較：
It was in the office that he was killed. 他是辦公室被殺害的。
It is the children who broke the window. 是孩子們打破窗戶的。
第一句的被強調的成分的是in the office，第二句的被強調成分是the children。其中that和who的區別是：當強調人時，可用that或who，當強調其他成分時，用that。注意，當強調時間和地點時，不能用when和 where 代替that。
在具體使用時，要特別注意這類強調句的疑問句形式。比較：
陳述句：It is because he is ill that he can』t come. 是因為生病他才沒有來。
一般疑問句：Is it because he is ill that he can』t come? 是因為生病他才沒有來嗎?
特殊疑問句：Why is it that he can』t come? 他為什麼不能來?
另外，還要注意not...until…這一句型的強調句莆式，它的基本形式是It is (was) not until…that…。
如：
直到我遇到你以後，我才真正體會到幸福。
正常：I didn』t know real happiness until I met you.
強調：It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.
直到吃完飯他才現身。
正常：He didn』t turn up until the meal was over.
強調：It was not until the meal was over that he turned up.
英語語法強調句知識點：強調結構的疑問式及回答
一、一般疑問句
A：Was it you who put these books on my desk? 是你把這些書放到我桌上的嗎?
(比較原句：Did you put these books on my desk? )
B：Yes, it was. 是我。
二、特殊疑問句
A：Who was it that gave you the book? 是誰給了你這本書?
(比較原句：Who gave you the book?)
B：It was Tom. 是湯姆給我的。
A：How is it that he goes to school every day? 他每天是怎樣去上學的?
(比較原句：How does he go to school every day?)
B：It is by bike. 是騎自行車去的。
三、反意疑問句
A：It was Tom broke the window, wasn』t it? 是湯姆打爛窗戶的，對嗎?
B：Yes, it was. 是的。
英語語法強調句知識點：強調結構能強調哪些成分
強調結構是：It +is/was+被強調成分+that+句子的剩餘部分。如果我們要強調一個句子的某個部分時，就將要強調的那個部分放在it is/was與that之間，而句子的其餘部分原封不動地直接放在that之後。此結構可強調除謂語動詞外的各種成分。
(1) 強調主語
It was he that saw Mr. Wang on TV yesterday. 是他在電視上看到了王先生。
(2) 強調賓語
It was Mr. Wang that he saw on TV yesterday. 他昨天在電視上看到的是王先生。
(3) 強調補語
It is green that he has pained the door. 他把門漆成綠色了。
(4) 強調表語
It is a doctor that he has become. 他已成為一名教師了。
(5) 強調地點狀語
It was on TV that he saw Mr. Wang yesterday. 他昨天是在電視上看到王先生的。
(6) 強調時間狀語
It was yesterday that he saw Mr. Wang on TV. 是昨天他在電視看到王先生。
(7) 強調方式狀語
It was by bike that we went to the park. 我們是騎自行車去公園的。
(8) 強調各類從句
It was what he said that surprised me. 是他講的話讓我吃諒。
It is because the book is so useful for my work that I bought it. 正因為這本書對我很有用，我才買它。
It was just as he ordered that she acted. 她正是照他吩咐的去做的。
(9) 強調not…until…中的時間狀語
It was not until 12 o』clock that he went to bed. 直到12點他才睡。(比較原句：He didn』t go to bed until 12 o』clock. )
It was not until his father came back home that he went to bed. 直到他父親回到家裡他才睡。
(比較原句：He didn』t go to bed until his father came back home.)
(10) 強調非謂語動詞
It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of money.
電腦游戲花掉了這個孩子許多錢。
It was to get my brakes repaired that I brought my car in, not to get the engine replaced!
我開車來是修理剎車的而不是來換動力的。
;③ 英語語法知識整理
英語語法知識整理
英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。
我們先看一道題：
It』s more than half a century _________ the People』s Republic of China was liberated.
A. when B. that C. since D. after
有的考生一見到句首的 it』s，再一看選項中的that，就馬上聯想到It is...that... 這樣的強調句型，並認為被強調的'成分是時間狀語 more than half a century，從而毫不猶豫地選擇了B。按照以上分析，假若這是強調句，那麼若將此句還原為非強調句就應該是The People's Republic of China was liberated (for) more than half a century. 很顯然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段時間，然而它修飾的謂語動詞 (was) liberated 卻是一個終止性動詞，按此意思則是說「解放中華人民共和國」這一動作一直持續了半個多世紀，這顯然是荒唐的。其實，此題應選C，屬於「It is+一段時間+since 從句」句型，句意為「自中華人民共和國解放以來, 時間已過去半個多世紀」。此句的主句謂語也可以用現在完成時態(has been)，但在口語中一般多用一般現在時代替。請再看一例：
It was ten o』clock _________ he came back home.
A. when B. that C. since D. after
對於此題許多同學也誤認為是強調句型，從而誤選B。假若這是強調句，那麼若將此句還原為非強調句就應該是 He came back home ten o』clock. 此句顯然不成立，但是若在 ten o』clock 前加上一介詞 at，則完全可以，即可說 He came back home at ten o』clock.，也可說 It was at ten o』clock that he came back home. 上面一題的正解答案應是A，即選 when，表示「當……的時候」，句首的 it 表示時間，全句意為「當他回到家時，時間是10點鍾。」
;④ 作文和語法躑識用英語怎麼說
作文和語法知識，
用英語這樣說。
Knowledge of composition and grammar.
英語學習的方法。
1 學習英語的首要理念：要努力去了解「是什麼」，而盡量少去了解「為什麼」。
因為英語是語言，很多語匯和句型的用法沒有道理可講，沒有「為什麼」可言，人們就是這樣用的，就是這樣說的，記住就好。當然了，仔細分析起來或許可以找到語法上的解釋。嬰兒時期，我們學說話的時候，從來沒有問過「為什麼會這么說」 吧，但是為什麼後來會說的這么好?因為我們聽的多，說的多，自然就記在腦子里了。
2 學習英語的最好方法：背誦課文。
因為英語是我們的後天語言，所以必須將人家現成的東西反復在腦海里形成神經反射，不用關心為什麼這樣說(同第一點)。
推薦《新概念英語3，4冊》。可以說，幾乎沒有任何一種教材的經典程度超過《新概念英語》。它的語法是最規范的，結構是最嚴謹的，流傳了好幾代人，依然保持最為持久的生命力。
3 學習英語需要多種形式的神經刺激。
真正學好英語，不經歷背誦大量文章，寫大量東西，聽大量文章，是根本不可能達到目的的，比如一個新單詞，我們在書上看到，默寫，背誦，還不能說真正認識了。在聽力中聽到了這個單詞，能反應過來是它嗎?在想表達這種意思的時候，能反應過來應該用它嗎?……我們當初學說話的時候，都是無形中進行了聽，說，讀，寫等不經意的「練習」才全面掌握了這門語言。
4 學習英語要善於利用零碎時間。
英語學習不是靠突擊可以學好的，一下子花上好幾個小時拚命學英語，是無濟於事的。它的特點在於「細水常流」。每天花上十幾分鍾的零碎時間聽，背一段課文，記幾個單詞，長期堅持，逐漸會得到提高的。
5 要著意「賣弄」。
新學會的詞彙和用法，應該在可能的場合多多練習使用。不要老是用自己喜歡或者熟悉的單詞或者句型，這樣的話，新學的東西永遠得不到強化，慢慢的又會變的陌生，人將會永遠停留原有的水平。不斷地將新東西變為舊東西，又不斷接觸新東西，再將其變為舊東西，如此往復，才能不斷提高。
⑤ 英語語法知識點：存在句用法解析
英語語法知識點：存在句用法解析
英語語法存在句知識點：there to be的兩個用法
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
用法一、動詞consider, expect, hate, intend, like, mean, prefer, want等可接there to be做賓語。 如：
(1) I considered there to be much time for the work.
我原以為有很多時間來做這件工作。
(2) I expect there to be great fun in the game.
我希望游戲中有很大的樂趣。
用法二、做介詞for 的賓語。 如：
(1) You don』t have to hurry, for there to be much time left.
你不必匆忙，因為還剩有很多時間。
(2) Let』s get off the bus, for there to be too many passengers in it.
我們下車吧，因為車里的乘客將太多了。
英語語法強調句知識點：判斷此題是定語從句還是強調句
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
有這樣一道題：
It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where
答案選A，填對此句的關鍵是要弄清第二空必須填 that，因為這是一個強調句，被強調部分為 in the small house (以及修飾它的定語從句 which was built with stones by his father)。又如：
(1) It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how C. who, that D. that, which
【分析】 此題答案選C，全句為強調句，被強調成分是 the boy (以及修飾它的定語從句who had been in prison)。
(2) It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that
【分析】 此題答案選C，全句為強調句，被強調成分是 in this room，where he was born 為修飾 the room 的定語從句。
英語語法強調句知識點：強調句與從句的比較
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
1. 強調句與主語從句的比較
強調句將句子中的it is / was …that同時省去，句子仍然成立;而主語從句將that與後面部分代替it，成立。如：
(1) It is Li Lei』s brother that you met in the street yesterday. 你昨天在街上所見到的就是李蕾的兄弟。
本句若將It is 及 that同時省去為：You met Li Lei』s brother in the street yesterday. 句子同樣成立，因此前面的句子是強調句型。
(2) It is exciting that we have succeeded in sending up Shenzhou V. 我們成功地發射了神舟五號這件事情真令人興奮。
本句若將It is 及 that同時省去為：We have succeeded exciting in sending up Shenzhou V. 顯然句子錯誤，因此，前面句子不是強調句型，而是主語從句。
2. 強調句與定語從句的比較
◎強調句中的It沒有實際意義，It be與that可同時被省略;而定語從句中的It是主語，It be與that不可同時省略;
◎強調句型中be的時態須跟後面句子的時態相一致;而定語從句中主句謂語動詞be的時態須由主句的時間確定
◎強調句將句子中的that不能省略，並且即使前面的名詞是事物時，也不能將that換成which;而定語從句中的that作賓語時可被省略，並且當先行詞是事物時可用which代替。
◎當it be後面的時間、地點名詞作主語、賓語或表語時，引導詞可用that / which;而作其他成分時，引導詞須用when / which。如：
(1) It is an English book (that / which) I bought yesterday. 它是我昨天買的書。(本句是對What is that?問句的回答，that所引導的是定語從句，that可被省略)
It was the English book that I bought yesterday. 昨天我所賣的就是這本書。(本句相當於對I bought the English book yesterday中an English book進行強調)
(2) It was a room where we used to have meetings. 它是我們過去常在開會的房子。(where 所引導的從句對前面的room進行說明，它是定語從句)
It was in the room that we used to have meetings. 過去我們開會就在這間房子里。(in the room是被強調的部分，本句是強調句型)
(3) It is a day when the people celebrate their victory. 這是人們慶祝他們的勝利的日子。 (when所引導的'從句對a day進行說明，是定語從句)
It was on that day that people celebrated their victory. 就在那一天，人們慶祝了他們的勝利。(強調on October 1, 1949)
3.強調句與狀語從句的比較
◎狀語從句句首的It本身就是句子的主語;而強調句首的It不作任何成分也沒有實際意義。
◎狀語從句的連接副詞that及句子前面的It be不能去掉。
◎狀語從句的引導詞可以是when / where，而強調句型中的that不能用其他詞代替。如：
(1) It is such an interesting book that we all like it very much. 它是一本如此有趣的書，我們大家都非常喜歡。(結果狀語主從復合句)
It is such an interesting book that we all like very much. 我們大家都非常喜歡的就是一本如此有趣的書。(強調such an interesting book)
(比較：It is such an interesting book as we all like very much. 這就是我們大家都非常喜歡的如此有趣的書。定語從句)
(2) It was already morning when he woke up. 當他醒來時，已經是早晨了。(時間主從復合句)
It was the next morning that he woke up. 就在第二天早晨他醒來了。(強調the next morning)
英語語法倒裝句知識點：「only+狀語」置於句首句子要倒裝
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
請看下面一道涉及only的倒裝試題：
Only in this way __________ able to finish the work in time.
A. can you be B. are you C. you can be D. you are
此題應選 B。容易誤選D。至於A，C，這比較容易排除，因為情態動詞 can 不能與 be able to用在同一謂語中。本題之所以要選B而不選D，主要是因為句首用了only in thisway 的緣故，按照英語語法規則：「only+狀語」位於句首，句子通常要用倒裝語序(部分倒裝——用一般疑問句形式)。如：
1. 「only 副詞」位於句首。 如：
Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只是到了那時我才意識到是我錯了。
2. 「only+介詞短語」位於句首。 如：
Only by working hard can you succeed. 只有努力工作你才能成功。
Only in the reading-room can you find him. 你只有在閱覽室才能找到他。
3. 「only+狀語從句」位於句首。 如：
Only when one loses freedom does one know itsvalue. 一個人只有在失去自由後才知道自由的可貴。
注意：若位於句首的不是only+狀語，而是 only+賓語等，則通常無需倒裝(但有時也可以倒裝)。如：
Only a policeman the children saw in the street. 孩子們在街上只看到一個警察。
Only one more point will I make. 我只再說明一點。
英語語法感嘆句知識點：感嘆句的基本句型
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容詞 + 名詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
What a clever boy he is! (他是個)多麼聰明的男孩啊!
What an interesting story it is! (這是個)多麼有趣的故事啊!
What fine weather it is! 多好的天氣啊!
What beautiful flowers they are! (它們是)多麼漂亮的花啊!
【說明】 在感嘆句中，What a / an 常用來修飾單數可數名詞，若其前面的形容詞為母音開頭，則用 an。what 是用來修飾復數可數名詞和不可數名詞。但有些不可數名詞，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，當前面有形容詞修飾，使抽象名詞具體化時，則要用 what a / an，如：
What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一場雨啊!
What a great surprise it is! 這多麼令人驚奇啊!
What a rich breakfast it is! 多麼豐盛的一頓早餐啊!
【句型二】How + 形容詞 / 副詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
How well you look! 你氣色真好!
How kind you are! 你心腸真好!
How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好聽!
Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!
How clever the boy is! 這個男孩多麼聰明啊!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多麼快啊!
【說明】 how還可以修飾動詞構成感嘆句，但動詞不提前。如：
How I want to be a doctor! 我多麼想成為一名醫生啊!
How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!
英語語法感嘆句知識點：陳述句改為感嘆句
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
感嘆句通常有what, how引導，表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情。what修飾名詞，how 修飾形容詞，副詞或動詞，感嘆句結構主要有以下幾種：
How +形容詞+ a +名詞+其他成分!
How+形容詞或副詞+其他成分!
What +名詞+其他成分!
What +a+形容詞+名詞+其他成分!
What + 形容詞+復數名詞+其他成分!
What + 形容詞+不可數名詞+其他成分!
請看以下例子：
It』s an interesting film. 這是一部有趣的電影。
→ What an interesting film it is! 這是一部多有趣的電影啊!
It』s wonderful weather. 天氣很好。
→ What wonderful weather! 天氣真好!
He did the work carefully. 他做這工作很仔細。
→ How carefully he did the work! 他做這工作多仔細啊!
Time passed quickly. 時間過得很快。
→ How quickly time passed! 時間過得真快!
;⑥ 語法很差 用英語怎麼說
I'm poor in grammar.
I'm bad at grammar.
⑦ 有許多難學的語法 用英語怎麼說
There are many difficult in learning grammar
⑧ 英語語法there』s知識點
英語語法there』s知識點
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
一、通常情況
在通常情況下，若there be只有一個主語，謂語的'數則取決於該主語的數;若有幾個主語並列，則通常是與靠近的主語保持一致。 如：
There is a book on the desk. 書桌上有一本書。
There were a lot of people waiting. 有許多人在等著。
There is a girl and two boys in the room. 房裡有一個女孩和兩個男孩。
但有時也可以與和兩(幾)個主語保持一致。 如：
There were one or two chaps there. 那兒有一兩個人。
In addition to her, there were Mr. and Mrs Dalby. 除了她還有戴爾比夫婦。
二、特殊情況
但是，在非正式場合，there』s 往往可以用來代替復數形式there are 用於復數名詞前。 如：
There』s lots of cars on the road these days. 如今路上有許多汽車。
There』s a man and a dog in our garden. 我們花園里有一個人和一隻狗。
英語語法強調句知識點：判斷此題是定語從句還是強調句
【導語】 英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
有這樣一道題：
It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where
答案選A，填對此句的關鍵是要弄清第二空必須填 that，因為這是一個強調句，被強調部分為 in the small house (以及修飾它的定語從句 which was built with stones by his father)。又如：
(1) It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how C. who, that D. that, which
【分析】 此題答案選C，全句為強調句，被強調成分是 the boy (以及修飾它的定語從句who had been in prison)。
(2) It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that
【分析】 此題答案選C，全句為強調句，被強調成分是 in this room，where he was born 為修飾 the room 的定語從句。
;