❶ 小升初英語必背10個知識點
小升初英語必背10個知識點
在小升初英語的學習中,有十個知識點是我們必須掌握的,下面我就來為大家介紹一下是哪些知識點吧!
一、There be句型
(1)There be句型主要用以表達“某處(某時)有某人(某物)。”其基本結構為“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時)”其中there是引導詞,沒有詞義;主語是be後面的名詞, be是謂語動詞,在一般現在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。下面這首歌訣可幫你巧記there be句型結構:
There be放句首,主語跟在後。地、時放句末,強調置前頭。如:There is a book on the desk.有時為了強調地點,也可把介詞短語放在句首。如:
On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be句型中的be動詞如何確定呢?請先看看下面這首歌訣:Be動詞,有三個,am,is還有are。“There be”真特別,不留am只留倆,那就是is還有are。要用is還是are,須看其後的名詞是單數還是復數。若是單數或不可數名詞用is,否則就用 are。如:1.There is a tree behind the house
2.There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
(3)Thereare some pears in the box.
注意:如果“be”後的主語是由and連接的兩個或兩個以上的名詞,那麼be的形式要遵循“遠親不如近鄰”的原則。也就是說,“be”的形式是 由與它最近的那個名詞來確定的。若那個名詞是單數或不可數名詞要用is,是復數就用are。如:①There is a book and some pens on the floor.②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
二、動詞be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟著他(he),她(she),它(it)。單數名詞用is,復數名詞全用are。變否定,更容易,be後not加上去。變疑問,往前提,句末問號莫丟棄。還有一條須注意,句首大寫莫忘記。
三、this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代詞,it是人稱代詞。
(2)距離說話人近的人或物用this, 距離說話人遠的.人或物用that。如: This is a flower. 這是一朵花。(近處)That is a tree. 那是一棵樹。(遠處)
(3)放在一起的兩樣東西,先說this, 後說that。如:This is a pen. That is a pencil. 這是一支鋼筆。那是一支鉛筆。
(4)向別人介紹某人時說This is…, 不說That is…。如:This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 這是海倫,海倫,這是湯姆。
(5)This is 不能縮寫, 而That is可以縮寫。如:This is a bike. That’s a car. 這是一輛自行車。那是一輛轎車。
(6)打電話時,介紹自己用this, 詢問對方用that。如:-Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐嗎?-Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是誰?注意:雖然漢語中使用“我”和“你”,但英語中打電話時絕不可以說:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?
(7)在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時, 要用it代替this或that。
如:1.Is this a notebook? 這是筆記本嗎?-Yes, it is. 是的,它是。
2.What’s that? 那是什麼?-It’s a kite. 是只風箏。
四、these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代詞,these是this的復數形式,指時間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復數形式,指時間、距離較遠或前面已經提到過的人或事物。
1.This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
2.These pictures are good. 那些畫很好。
3.Are those apple trees? 那些是蘋果樹嗎?
在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時,通常用they代替these或those以避免重復。如:④Are these/those your apples? 這些(那些)是你的蘋果嗎?Yes, they are. 是的,他們是。
五、名詞+’s所有格單數名詞後直接加 “ ’s ”:
Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother傑夫的媽媽
以s結尾的復數名詞,只加“’”Teachers’ Day教師節 the twins’ books雙胞胎的書
不以s結尾的不規則的名詞復數,加“ ’s ”Children’s Day 兒童節 men’s shoes男式鞋
表示兩者共同擁有時,只在最後一個名詞後加’sLucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的媽媽(共同的媽媽,一個媽媽)
表示兩者各自擁有時,要在每個名詞後加’sLucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凱特的房間(各自的房間,兩間房子)
六、時間的表達法
(1) 直讀式,即直接讀出時間數字
7:05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2) 過、差式,即幾點差幾分,幾點過幾分。(以30分為分界線)1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two
3:43seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小時制
6:00 a.m. 上午6點 8:20 p.m. 下午8點20分
(4)24小時制
13:00
13點鍾 22:15 22點15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15
a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)時間前通常用at.at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.
七、want用法
(1)想干什麼用want to do sth
They
want to join the sports club. 他們想加入運動俱樂部。
(2)第三人稱單數作主語,want要作變化①He wants to play basketball.
②Li Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)變疑問句,否定句要藉助助動詞do或does.
①-Do
you want to play soccer ball ?
-Yes, I do . / No , I don’t.
②-Does he want to go home by bus ?
-Yes, he does . / No , he doesn’t
八、like一詞的用法like用作及物動詞,譯為“喜歡”。
(1)後接名詞或代詞,表示喜歡某人或某物。如:I like the baby very much. 我非常喜歡這個小孩。
(2)後接動名詞(v. -ing),表示“喜歡做某事”,著重於習慣、愛好。如:Tom likes playing football. 湯姆喜歡踢足球。
(3)後接動詞不定式(to do ),表示“偶爾地喜歡做某事”,著重於某次具體的行為。如:I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜歡讀書,但我今晚想看電視。
九、句子單數變復數,注意以下五要素
(1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應的復數主格人稱代詞,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。
如:She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am,is要變為are。如:I’m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠詞a,an要去掉。如:He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通單數名詞要變為復數形式。如:It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代詞this,that要變為these,those。如:This is a box. →These are boxes.
十、英語日期的表示法
英語中月份和星期名稱都是專有名詞,它們的首字母必須大寫,並且前面無需用冠詞。
用英語表示日期,其順序為月+日+年,日和年之間需用逗號隔開。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年來表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英語日期前介詞的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,則用介詞in,若具體到某一天,則需用介詞on。
;❷ 小升初英語語法大全與必背知識點
英語對於多數孩子都不算難題,聽說都非常厲害!但目前小升初英語的考試不會考查咱孩子聽與說的能力,更注重語法知識的考查,所以相對而言語法弱的孩子,迎戰小升初會比較拉分。我在這里整理了小升初英語語法復習資料,希望能幫到您
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小升初英語語法大全
一.名詞:名詞單復數,名詞的格
(一)名詞單復數
1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以「輔音字母+y」結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以「f或fe」結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不規則名詞復數:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
不可數名詞的復數就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名詞的格
(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格:
a) 單數後加 』s 如: Lucy』s ruler my father』s shirt
b) 以s 結尾的復數名詞後加 』如: his friends』 bags
c) 不以s 結尾的復數後加 』s children』s shoes
? 並列名詞中,如果把 』s加在最後一個名詞後,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike』s car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車
? 要表示所有物不是共有的,應分別在並列名詞後加』s
Tom』s and Mike』s cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車
(2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用「 of +名詞」來表示所有關系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:
(1)不定冠詞:a / an a unit / an uncle
母音開頭的可數名詞前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress /
an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an
exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(2)定冠詞:the the egg the plane
2. 用法:
定冠詞的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
(2)復述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物:The boys aren』t at school.
(4)在序數詞前: John』s birthday is February the second.
(5)用於固定片語中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠詞的情況:
(1)專有名詞前:China is a big country.
(2)名詞前有定語:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:
This is my baseball.
(3)復數名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeys can』t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在節日,日期,月份,季節前:Today is Christmas Day. It』s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球類 棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
▲但樂器前要用定冠詞:I play the guitar very well.
(7)學科名稱前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前:This is Mr Li.
(9)固定片語中:at noon at night by bus
三、代詞:人稱代詞,物主代詞
人稱代詞 物主代詞
主格 賓格
第一
人稱 單數 I(我) me my(我的)
復數 we(我們) us our(我們的)
第二
人稱 單數 you(你) you your(你的)
復數 you(你們) you your(你們的)
第三
人稱 單數 he(他) him his(他的)
she(她) her her(她的)
it(它) it its(它的)
復數 they(他們/她們/它們) them their(他們的/她們的/它們的)
四、形容詞,副詞:比較級,最高級
(一)、形容詞的比較級
1、形容詞比較級在 句子 中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級後面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a
little來修飾表示程度。than後的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
2.形容詞加er的規則:
⑴ 一般在詞尾加er ;
⑵ 以字母e 結尾,加r ;
⑶ 以一個母音字母和一個輔音字母結尾,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;
⑷ 以「輔音字母+y」結尾,先把y變i,再加er 。
3.不規則形容詞比較級:
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
(二)副詞的比較級
1.形容詞與副詞的區別 (有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動)
⑴在句子中形容詞一般處於名詞之前或be動詞之後
⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處於實義動詞之後
2.副詞比較級的變化規則基本與形容詞比較級相同 (不規則變化:well-better, far-farther)
五 數詞:基數詞,序數詞
一、基數詞
(1)1-20
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,
sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99 先說「幾十」,再說「幾」,中間加連字元。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→
eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
(3)101—999先說「幾百」,再加and,再加末兩位數或末位數;
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)l,000以上,先從右往左數,每三位數加一個「,」,第一個「,」前為thousand.第二個「,」前為million,第三個「
,」前為billion
1,001→one thousand and one
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion
二、序數詞
(1)一般在基數詞後加th
eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth
(2)不規則變化
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth
(3)以y結尾的十位整數,變y為ie再加th
twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth
(4)從二十一後的「幾十幾」直至「幾百幾十幾」或「幾千幾百幾十幾」只將個位的基數詞變為序數詞。
twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth
基數詞轉為序數詞的口訣:
基變序,有規律,詞尾加上-th.
一,二,三,特殊記,詞尾字母t,d,d.
八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。
ty將y變成i,th前面有個e.
若是碰到幾十幾,前用基來後用序。
六、介詞:常用介詞:in, on, at, behind等
1.at表示時間概念的某一個點。(在某時刻、時間、階段等)。
at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一點鍾(黎明、午夜、中午)
2.on
1)表示具體日期。
註:(1)關於「在周末」的幾種表示法:
at(on)the weekend在周末---特指
at(on)weekends在周末---泛指
over the weekend在整個周末
ring the weekend在周末期間
(2)在 聖誕節 ,應說at Christmas而不說on Christmas
2)在(剛……)的時候。
On reaching the city he called up his parents.
一到城裡他就給父母打了一個電話。
3.in
1)表示「時段」、「時期」,在多數情況下可以和ring互換,前者強調對比,後者強調持續。in(ring)1988(December,
the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀)
七、動詞:動詞的四種時態:
(1)一般現在時:
一般現在時的構成
1. be動詞:主語+be(am, is, are)+ 其它 。如:I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。
2. 行為動詞:主語+行為動詞(+其它)。 如: We study English. 我們 學習英語 。
當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she, it)時,要在動詞後加「-s」或「-es」。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
動詞+s的變化規則
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以「輔音字母+y」結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
(2)一般過去時:
動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構成規則有:
A、規則動詞
① 一般直接在動詞的後面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited
②以e結尾的動詞直接加d:如lived , danced , used
③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如study – studied carry – carried worry–
worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬於此類)
④ 雙寫最後一個字母(此類動詞較少)如stopped
B、不規則動詞(此類詞並無規則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat– ate ,
see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get –got , read – read
,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew ,come – came , lose
– lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
(3)一般將來時:
基本結構: ①be going to + do;
②will+ do. be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
(4)現在進行時: am,is,are+動詞現在分詞
動詞現在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構成規則:
① 一般的直接在後面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 結尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing,如having , writing
③ 雙寫最後一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
第三部分:句法
1.陳述句
(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I』m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
(2)、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I』m not a student. She is not (isn』t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn』t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren』t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won』t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn』t) watch TV yesterday evening.
2. 疑問句
一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用「yes」,或「no」來回答。
特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該
問什麼就答什麼,不能用「yes 、no」來回答。
3.There be句型
There be 句型與have, has的區別
1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)x kb 1.c om
2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數,be 動詞用is ; 主語是復數,be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be動詞根據最__近be 動 詞的那個名詞決定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞後加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。
4、there be句型與have(has) 的區別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用於肯定句, any 用於否定句或疑問句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用於肯定句, or 用於否定句或疑問句。
7、針對數量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:
How many + 名詞復數 + are there + 介詞 短語 ?
How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?
8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:
What』s + 介詞短語?
小升初英語必背的10個知識點匯總
1.動詞be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟著他(he),她(she),它(it)。單數名詞用is,復數名詞全用are。變否定,更容易,be後not加上去。變疑問,往前提,句末問號莫丟棄。還有一條須注意,句首大寫莫忘記。
2.this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代詞,it是人稱代詞。
(2)距離說話人近的人或物用this, 距離說話人遠的人或物用that。如: This is a flower. 這是一朵花。(近處)That is a tree. 那是一棵樹。(遠處)
(3)放在一起的兩樣東西,先說this, 後說that。如:This is a pen. That is a pencil. 這是一支鋼筆。那是一支鉛筆。
(4)向別人介紹某人時說This is…, 不說That is…。如:This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 這是海倫,海倫,這是湯姆。
(5)This is 不能縮寫, 而That is可以縮寫。如:This is a bike. That』s a car. 這是一輛自行車。那是一輛轎車。
(6)打電話時,介紹自己用this, 詢問對方用that。如:-Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐嗎?-Yes, this is. Who』s that? 是的,我是,你是誰?注意:雖然漢語中使用「我」和「你」,但英語中打電話時絕不可以說:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?
(7)在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時, 要用it代替this或that。如:①-Is this a notebook? 這是 筆記本 嗎?-Yes, it is. 是的,它是。②-What』s that? 那是什麼?-It』s a kite. 是只風箏。
3.these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代詞,these是this的復數形式,指時間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復數形式,指時間、距離較遠或前面已經提到過的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily』s bed. 這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good. 那些畫很好。
③ Are those apple trees? 那些是蘋果樹嗎?
在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時,通常用they代替these或those以避免重復。如:④Are these/those your apples? 這些(那些)是你的蘋果嗎?Yes, they are. 是的,他們是。
4.名詞+』s所有格單數名詞後直接加 「 』s 」:
Jim』s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff』s mother傑夫的媽媽
以s結尾的復數名詞,只加「』」Teachers』 Day 教師節 the twins』 books雙胞胎的書
不以s結尾的不規則的名詞復數,加「 』s 」Children』s Day 兒童 節 men』s shoes男式鞋
表示兩者共同擁有時,只在最後一個名詞後加』sLucy and Lily』s mother 露茜和莉莉的媽媽(共同的媽媽,一個媽媽)
表示兩者各自擁有時,要在每個名詞後加』sLucy』s and Kate』s rooms 露茜和凱特的房間(各自的房間,兩間房子)
5.There be句型
(1)There be句型主要用以表達「某處(某時)有某人(某物)。」其基本結構為「There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時)」其中there是引導詞,沒有詞義;主語是be後面的名詞, be是謂語動詞,在一般現在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。下面這首歌訣可幫你巧記there be句型結構:
There be放句首,主語跟在後。地、時放句末,強調置前頭。如:There is a book on the desk.有時為了強調地點,也可把介詞短語放在句首。如:
On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be句型中的be動詞如何確定呢?請先看看下面這首歌訣:Be動詞,有三個,am,is還有are。「There be」真特別,不留am只留倆,那就是is還有are。要用is還是are,須看其後的名詞是單數還是復數。若是單數或不可數名詞用is,否則就用are。
如:①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意:如果「be」後的主語是由and連接的兩個或兩個以上的名詞,那麼be的形式要遵循「遠親不如近鄰」的原則。也就是說,「be」的形式是由與它最近的那個名詞來確定的。若那個名詞是單數或不可數名詞要用is,是復數就用are。
如:①There is a book and some pens on the floor.
②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
6.like一詞的用法like用作及物動詞,譯為「喜歡」。
(1)後接名詞或代詞,表示喜歡某人或某物。如:I like the baby very much. 我非常喜歡這個小孩。
(2)後接動名詞(v. -ing),表示「喜歡做某事」,著重於習慣、 愛好 。如:Tom likes playing football. 湯姆喜歡踢 足球 。
(3)後接動詞不定式(to do ),表示「偶爾地喜歡做某事」,著重於某次具體的行為。如:I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜歡讀書,但我今晚想看電視。
7.句子單數變復數,注意以下五要素
(1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應的復數主格人稱代詞,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。
如:She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am,is要變為are。如:I』m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠詞a,an要去掉。如:He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通單數名詞要變為復數形式。如:It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代詞this,that要變為these,those。如:This is a box. →These are boxes.
8.英語日期的表示法
英語中月份和星期名稱都是專有名詞,它們的首字母必須大寫,並且前面無需用冠詞。
用英語表示日期,其順序為月+日+年,日和年之間需用逗號隔開。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年來表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英語日期前介詞的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,則用介詞in,若具體到某一天,則需用介詞on。
9.時間的表達法
(1) 直讀式,即直接讀出時間數字
7:05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2) 過、差式,即幾點差幾分,幾點過幾分。(以30分為分界線)1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two
3:43seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小時制
6:00 a.m. 上午6點 8:20 p.m. 下午8點20分
(4)24小時制
13:00
13點鍾 22:15 22點15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15
a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)時間前通常用at.
at 5 o』clock at 7:30 p.m.
10. want用法
(1)想干什麼用want to do sth
They want to join the sports club. 他們想加入運動俱樂部。
(2)第三人稱單數作主語,want要作變化
①He wants to play basketball.
②Li Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)變疑問句,否定句要藉助助動詞do或does.
①-Do you want to play soccer ball ?
-Yes, I do . / No , I don』t.
②-Does he want to go home by bus ?
-Yes, he does . / No , he doesn』t
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2017小升初英語常考語法知識大全
為了幫助大家准備小升初英語考試,我精心准備了一些常考英語語法知識,希望能幫到大家!
一.名詞:名詞單復數,名詞的格
(一)名詞單復數
1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不規則名詞復數:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可數名詞的復數就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名詞的格
(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格:
a) 單數後加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) 以s 結尾的復數名詞後加 ’如: his friends’ bags
c) 不以s 結尾的復數後加 ’s children’s shoes
並列名詞中,如果把 ’s加在最後一個名詞後,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike’s car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車
要表示所有物不是共有的,應分別在並列名詞後加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車
(2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用“ of +名詞”來表示所有關系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:
(1)不定冠詞:a / an a unit / an uncle
母音開頭的可數名詞前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress /
an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an
exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(2)定冠詞:the the egg the plane
2. 用法:
定冠詞的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
(2)復述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.
(4)在序數詞前: John’s birthday is February the second.
(5)用於固定片語中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠詞的情況:
(1)專有名詞前:China is a big country.
(2)名詞前有定語:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:
This is my baseball.
(3)復數名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在節日,日期,月份,季節前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球類 棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
* 但樂器前要用定冠詞:I play the guitar very well.
(7)學科名稱前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前:This is Mr Li.
(9)固定片語中:at noon at night by bus
三、代詞:人稱代詞,物主代詞
人稱代詞 物主代詞
主格 賓格
第一
人稱 單數 I(我) me my(我的)
復數 we(我們) us our(我們的)
第二
人稱 單數 you(你) you your(你的)
復數 you(你們) you your(你們的)
第三
人稱 單數 he(他) him his(他的)
she(她) her her(她的)
it(它) it its(它的)
復數 they(他們/她們/它們) them their(他們的/她們的/它們的)
四、形容詞,副詞:比較級,最高級
(一)、形容詞的比較級
1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級後面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a
little來修飾表示程度。than後的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
2.形容詞加er的規則:
⑴ 一般在詞尾加er ;
⑵ 以字母e 結尾,加r ;
⑶ 以一個母音字母和一個輔音字母結尾,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;
⑷ 以“輔音字母+y”結尾,先把y變i,再加er 。
3.不規則形容詞比較級:
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
(二)副詞的比較級
1.形容詞與副詞的區別 (有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動)
⑴在句子中形容詞一般處於名詞之前或be動詞之後
⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處於實義動詞之後
2.副詞比較級的變化規則基本與形容詞比較級相同 (不規則變化:well-better, far-farther)
五 數詞:基數詞,序數詞一、基數詞
(1)1-20
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,
sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99 先說“幾十”,再說“幾”,中間加連字元。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→
eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
(3)101—999先說“幾百”,再加and,再加末兩位數或末位數;
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)l,000以上,先從右往左數,每三位數加一個“,”,第一個“,”前為thousand.第二個“,”前為million,第三個“
,”前為billion
1,001→one thousand and one
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion
二、序數詞
(1)一般在基數詞後加th
eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth
(2)不規則變化
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth
(3)以y結尾的十位整數,變y為ie再加th
twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth
(4)從二十一後的“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個位的基數詞變為序數詞。
twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth
基數詞轉為序數詞的口訣:
基變序,有規律,詞尾加上-th.
一,二,三,特殊記,詞尾字母t,d,d.
八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。
ty將y變成i,th前面有個e.
若是碰到幾十幾,前用基來後用序。
六、介詞:常用介詞:in, on, at, behind等
1.at表示時間概念的某一個點。(在某時刻、時間、階段等)。
??at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一點鍾(黎明、午夜、中午) ??
2.on
1)表示具體日期。
註:(1)關於"在周末"的幾種表示法:
??at(on)the weekend?在周末---特指
??at(on)weekends?在周末---泛指
??over the weekend?在整個周末
??ring the weekend?在周末期間
? (2)在聖誕節,應說at Christmas?而不說on Christmas?
2)在(剛……)的時候。
On reaching the city he called up his parents.
一到城裡他就給父母打了一個電話。
3.in
1)表示"時段"、"時期",在多數情況下可以和ring互換,前者強調對比,後者強調持續。 in(ring)1988(December,
the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀)
七、動詞:動詞的四種時態:
(1)一般現在時:
一般現在時的構成
1. be動詞:主語+be(am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。
2. 行為動詞:主語+行為動詞(+其它)。 如: We study English. 我們學習英語。
當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she, it)時,要在動詞後加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
動詞+s的變化規則
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
(2)一般過去時:
動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構成規則有:
A、規則動詞
① 一般直接在動詞的後面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited
②以e結尾的動詞直接加d:如lived , danced , used
③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如study – studied carry – carried worry –
worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬於此類)
④ 雙寫最後一個字母(此類動詞較少)如stopped
B、不規則動詞(此類詞並無規則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的.原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,
see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read
,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose
– lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
(3)一般將來時:
基本結構: ①be going to + do;
②will+ do. be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
(4)現在進行時: am,is,are+動詞現在分詞
動詞現在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構成規則:
① 一般的直接在後面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 結尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing,如having , writing
③ 雙寫最後一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
第三部分:句法
1.陳述句
(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
(2)、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
2. 疑問句
一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用“yes”,或“no”來回答。
特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該
問什麼就答什麼,不能用“yes 、no”來回答。
3.There be句型
There be 句型與have, has的區別
1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)x kb 1.c om
2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數,be 動詞用is ; 主語是復數,be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據最*近be 動
詞的那個名詞決定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞後加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。
4、there be句型與have(has) 的區別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用於肯定句, any 用於否定句或疑問句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用於肯定句, or 用於否定句或疑問句。
7、針對數量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:
How many + 名詞復數 + are there + 介詞短語?
How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?
8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:
What’s + 介詞短語?
;❹ 小升初英語常見句型
小升初英語常見句型精選
在英語學習中,句型是很重要的一點,句型就相當於英語的骨架,想要學好英語,想要英語考試取得高分,掌握句型就是必須要做好的一個環節,下面我就給大家分享一些常見的英語句型,以供大家參考學習,歡迎大家的查看!
一、詢問姓名、年齡
1. What’s your name? 你叫什麼名字?
My name is ________. 我叫……。
2. How old are you? 你幾歲了?
I’m 12. 我十二歲。
二、詢問顏色
1. What colour is it? 它是什麼顏色的?
It’s yellow and white. 黃白相間。
2. What colour are they? 它們是什麼顏色的?
They’re green. 綠色的。
三、詢問數量或價錢
1. How many kites can you see? 你可以看見幾只風箏?
I can see 12. 我可以看見十二隻風箏。
2. How many crayons do you have? 你有多少支彩筆?
I have 16. 我有十六支。
3.-How many people are there in your family? 你家有幾口人?
Three. 三口人。
4.-How much is this dress? 這條連衣裙多少錢?
It’s ninety-nine yuan. 九十九元。
5.-How much are these apples? 這些蘋果多少錢?
They’re thirty-five yuan. 三十五元。
四、詢問時間或日期
1. --What time is it now? 現在幾點鍾?
-It’s nine o’clock.It’s time for English class.九點。該上英語課了。
-It’s eight o’clock. It’s time to go to bed. 八點。該上床睡覺了。
2.--What day is it today? 今天星期幾?
It’s Monday. 星期一。
What do we have on Mondays? 我們星期一上哪些課?
We have Chinese, English, math …語文、英語、數學……
3.When is your birthday? 你的生日是什麼時候?
--It’s October 1st, our National Day.十月一日,國慶節。
4.When do you do morning exercises? 你們什麼時候做早鍛煉?
--I usually do morning exercises at 8:30.--我們通常8:30做早鍛煉。
五、詢問方位或地方
1. Where is my toy car? 我的'玩具汽車在哪兒?
It’s here, under the chair. 在這兒,在椅子下面。
2.Where is the canteen? 餐廳在哪兒?
--It’s on the first floor 在一樓。
3. Where are the keys? 鑰匙在哪兒?
--They’re in the door. 在門上。
4.--Excuse me. Where is the library, please? 對不起,請問圖書館在哪兒?
It’s near the post office. 在郵局附近。
5. Where are you from? 你從哪兒來?
--I’m from China. 我從中國來。
6. Where does the rain come from? 雨是從哪兒來的?
--It comes from the clouds. 它是從雲層里來的。
六、詢問想吃的東西
1.What would you like for breakfast / lunch / dinner ?
你早餐/中餐/晚餐想吃點什麼?
--I’d like some bread and milk / rice and soup.
我想吃麵包和牛奶/米飯和湯。
2.What’s for breakfast / lunch / dinner?早餐/中餐/晚餐吃什麼?
--Hamburgers and orange juice. 漢堡包和橙汁。
七、詢問天氣狀況
1.What’s the weather like in Beijing? 北京的天氣如何?
--It’s rainy today. How about New York? 今天是雨天。紐約呢?
--It’s sunny and hot. 今天是晴天,天氣很熱。
八、詢問身體狀況或情緒
1. How do you feel? 你感覺如何?
I feel sick. 我覺得不舒服。
2. What’s the matter? 怎麼了?
My throat is sore. / I have a sore throat.我的喉嚨疼。
3. How are you, Sarah? You look so happy. 你好嗎,莎拉?你看起來這么傷心。
I failed the math test. 我的數學考試沒有通過。
九、詢問職業、身份或人物
1.What’s your father / mother? 你的父親 / 母親是做什麼的?
He’s a doctor. / She’s a teacher.他是一名醫生。/ 她是一名教師。
2.What does your mother / father do? 你的母親 / 父親是做什麼的?
She’s a TV reporter. / He’s a teacher. He teaches English.
她是一名電視台記者。/他是一名教師。他教英語。
3.Who’s that man / woman? 那位男士 / 女士是誰?
He’s my father. / She’s my mother. 他是我父親。 / 她是我母親。
4.Who’s this boy / girl? 那個男孩兒 / 女孩兒是誰?
He’s my brother. / She’s my sister.--他是我兄弟。 / 她是我姐妹。
5.Who’s your art teacher? 你們的美術老師是誰?
Miss Wang. 王老師。
What’s she like? 她長什麼樣兒?
She’s young and thin. 她很年輕、苗條。
;❺ 必背!小升初英語70個重點句型
必背!小升初英語70個重點句型
轉眼間就到4月下旬了,距離小升初考試越來越近,不知道大家都復習得怎麼樣了呢?下面是我為大家搜索整理的更關於小升初英語70個重點句型,歡迎參考學習,希望對大家備考有所幫助!想了解更多相關信息請持續關注我們應屆畢業生培訓網!
1. allow sb to do sth 允許某人去做某事(後接動詞不定式)
My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework。
2. asked sb (not) to do sth 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)
My father asked me to study hard。
He asked me not to swim alone。
be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀請去做某事
I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday。
3. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
She is afraid to ask me questions。
4. be afaid of doing sth 害怕做某事
I am afraid of going out at night。
5. be afaid of sth 害怕某物
He is afraid of snakes。
6. be amazed to do sth 對做某事感到驚訝
He was amazed to meet the girl there。
be amazed at sth 對某事感到驚訝
they were amazed at the news。
7. be busy doing/with sth 忙於做某事(常考)
I was busy washing my car at that time. 那時候我正忙於清洗我的車子。
I am busy with my work。
8. becoming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移動詞用進行時態時表將來)
the bus is coming/the dog is dying。
9. be excited to do sth 對做……感到興奮
Jacky was excited to travel there by plane。
be excited at sth
Lily was excited at his words。
be excited about doing sth
he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books。
10. be frightened to do sth 害怕去做某事
Sam is frightened to ride a horse。
11. be glad/happy to do sth 高興去做某事
She is happy to clean theblackboard with me。
be pleased to do sth高興做某事
She was pleased to helpthe old man yesterday。
be pleased with sth 對某事感到高興/滿意
The teacher was pleasedwith my answer。
12.be interested in sth/doing sth 對某事感興趣/對做某事感興趣
She is interested inswimming in the river。
My btother is interestedin Chinese。
13. be/get ready for/to do sth
be ready for 為某事做好了准備
We are ready for the exam。
Be ready to do sth 為做某事做好了准備
We are ready to have a birthday party for her。
get ready for sth為某事在做准備
We are getting ready for the exam。
14. be surprised to do sth 對做某事感到驚奇
be surprised at sth 對某事感到驚奇
This is nothing to be surprised at。
I'd be surprised to see him on such an occasion。
15. be worth doing sth 值得做某事(worth 後接動詞-ing形式,常考)
It was too remote to be worth thinking about。
16. 開始去做某事begin to do sth begin/start to do/doing sth
When do children begin to go to school?
17. can/be able to afford (to buy) sth 有能力負擔(購買)……
At this rate we won't be able to afford a holiday。
18. can/may/must do sth could/would/should/might do sth
We may come at another time。
19. can't wait todo sth 迫不急待地去做某事
I can’t wait to hear the news。
20. decide to do sth 決定去做某事
make up one's mind to do sth 下決心去做某事(常考)
make a decision to do sth 對做某事作出決定
What do they decide to do?
I have made up my mind to go with him
21. deserve to do sth 值得/應該做……
We must admit that she did deserve to win。
22. encourage sb to do sth 鼓勵某人去做某事
Encourage them to do some other helpful recreations。
23. enjoy doing sth 喜歡去做某事
I enjoy reading the story book
24. expect (sb) to do sth 期望去做某事
Don't expect him to help you。
25. fail to do sth 做某事失敗
succeed doing sth 成功做了某事
If you don' t work, you willfail to pass the exam。
26. finish doing sth 做完某事(後接動詞-ing形式)(常考)
After finish doing your homework, you can have a rest。
27. follow sb to do sth 跟隨某人去做某事
Follow me to read the new words。
28. get sb to do sth / make sb do sth/ let sb do st 讓某人做某事(後接動詞原形)
Her jokes made us laugh。
29. get/have a chance to do sth 得到一個做某事的機會
I'm very happy to have a chance to visit your school。
30. give/pass/show/lend/sell sb sth/sth to sb
buy/get/bring sb sth/sth for sb
Please give me a piece of paper。
I bought him a drink in return for his help。
31. go on to do sth /go on doing sth 繼續做事(常考)
Go on doing the exercise after a short rest。
32. hate to do/doing sth 討厭/不喜歡做某事
Ihate to tell the news to you。
33. have fun doing sth 做某事很有趣
Have fun getting to know each other。
34. have problems doing sth 做某事遇到困難
Many people have problems getting to sleep at night。
35. have sb do sth/have sth done 讓某人做某事
This is the best work you have ever done。
36. hear sb do sth 聽到某人做某事(後接動詞原形,常考)
hear sb doing sth 聽到某人正在做某事(常見)
I heard someone laughing。
37. help to do sth 幫忙做某事
help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事
I'll help you clean the room。
38. hope/wish to do sth 希望做某事
wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事
I wish to take this opportunity to thank you all。
39. It seems that 這像是……(後接從句)
seem to do sth
seem +adj
It'seems that you are lying。
Does that seem to make sense?
40. It's + adj+(for sb) to do sth 。
It's+adj +(of sb) to do sth
It's glad for him to hear the news。
41. It takes sb sometime/money to do sth . 花費某人多長時間做某事(常考)
It takes me an hour to walk there and back。
42. pay …for… cost spend…on….. it take …to do sth 花費
He paid for it out of his own pocket。
43. It's best for sb to do sth. 對某人來說做某事是最好的
It's best for you to do more exercise。
had better do sth 最好做某事(注意had沒有時態和人稱的變化,better後接動詞原形)
You had better go to the school。
44.It's time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的時候了
It's time for us to have dinner。
45.keep (on)doing sth 堅持做某事(常考)
John always kept (on) asking questions。
keep sb doing sth 讓某人做某事(常考)
Don't keep me waiting。
keep sbfrom doing sth 阻止某人做某事(常考)
He keeps her from cutting the tree。
keep sb/sth +adj 使某人保持……的狀態
Washingyour hands keeps you healthy。
46.learn to do sth 學做某事 Ilearn to play football.
learn sth from sb 向某人學習
I learn the spirit from him
47.like to do/doing sth 喜歡做某事 like sb to do sth 喜歡某人做某事
She likes swimming./She likes to swim this afternoon。
48.need to do sth/ need doing sth/need to be done 需要做某事
The garden needs to be watered. / The garden needs watering。
49. prefer to do sth rather than do sth 寧願……而不願……(常考)
I would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive out。
prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜歡做……勝過做……
I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起購物來,我更愛讀書。
preferto do sth 喜歡(愛)做某事
50. refuse to do sth 拒絕做……
I refuse to answer that question。
51. remember/forget to do sth 記得/忘記做某事(沒有發生)
Please do remember to post a letter forme。務必記得幫我寄信。
remember/forget doing sth 記得/忘記做過某事
I remember telling you the news before。我記得曾經告訴過你這個消息。
52. see sb do sth 看見某人做某事(結果)
see sb doing sth 看見某人正在做某事(正在進行中)
be seen to do sth 做某事被看見
I saw them play football last weekend。
I saw her cleaning the classroom。
I saw him get on the bus.= He was seen to get on the bus。
53. something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的東西(詞不定式放在something等後修飾這些詞)
I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的`東西。
54. spend some time (in)doing sth /on sth 花費時間做某事(注意動詞要用ing形式)(常考)
I spent 2 hours on homework.= I spent 2 hours in doing homework。
spend some money on sth/doing sth 買……花了多少錢
I ofen spend some money on the book. I ofen spend some money buying the book。
55. Sth is hard/difficult/easy to do . 做好某事很難/容易
The question is easy to answer。
56. stop to do sth停下來去某事(兩件事)(常考)
stop doing sth 停止做某事(一件事)(常考)
stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事(常考)
The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me。
The two girls stopped talking when they saw me。
I tried to stop my father from smoking,but failed。
57. take turns to do sth 輪流做……
They take turns to do the cleaning。
58. tell sb (not)to do sth 叫某人去(不要)做某事
He tell me not to swim in that lake。
59. There is no need (for sb) to do sth 對某人來說沒必要做某事
There is no need for you to worry。
60. There is notime (for sb ) to do sth
have no time to do sth 沒時間做某事
There is no time to think .I have no time to do morning exercises。
61. too…(for sb) to …… so… that… not… enough to do …太……以致不能
The boy is too young to go to school。
62. try/do one's best to do sth 盡力去做某事
try to do sth 試著(圖)做某事
We must try our best to do the job。
63. used to do sth 過去常做某事
I used to live in the country。
used to be + adj/a +n 曾經是.。.
Mr wang used to be a teacher worker。
64. would like to do sth=want to do sth= feel like doing sth 想要做……
want/would like sb to do sth 想某人做……
I don't feel like walking very much today。
I would like you to go away。
65. warn sb (not) to do sth 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)
His mother warned him not to go out in the evening。
66. Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth ? 為什麼不……(表建議的句型,注意用動詞原形)
Why not have a rest?
表示建議的句型還有:
Shall we……?
What /How about……?(如果是動詞,要用ing形式)
How about going fishing?
67. Would you like (sb) to do sth ?Yes, I'd love to 。
Would you like to join us?
Would you like me to buy you some food?
68. Would you mind doing sth ? 你介意做某事嗎?
回答:不介意(No+……)
Never mind/Not at all/Of course not/Certainly not . (從不介意/一點也不介意/當然不會了)
回答:介意(Yes+……)
I'm sorry but I do./Sorry, you'd better not./ I'm afraid you can't。
-Would you mind my opening the door?
- No,of course not。
69. Would you please (not) do sth 你可不可以做(不做)……?
Would you please open the door? / Would you please not close the windows?
70.常用固定短語
finish doing sth 完成某事
She finished cleaning the room。
practise doing sth 練習做某事
You'd better practising reading and speaking English every day。
be good at doing sth 擅長做某事
I am good at playing basketball。
go on doing sth 繼續做某事,指前後做的是同一件事。
The students went on talking and laughing all the way。
Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one。
be busy doing sth 忙於做某事
I am busy in cleaning my room。
see/hear/watch sb doing sth 聽/看/觀察到某人正在做某事
I hear him singing。
be afraid of doing sth 擔心(害怕)會發生某事
My little sister is afraid of staying at home alone。
be interested in doing sth 對做某事的興趣。
I'm interested in playing games。
;❻ 小升初英語重點語法總結
小升初英語重點語法總結
英語語法知識點總結一
一、a number of ,the number of
a number of 意思是「許多」,相當於a lot of ; the number of意思是「……的數目,……的數量」,當它作主語時,謂語動詞用單數形式。
A number of students like playing computer games.
許多學生喜歡玩電腦游戲。
The number of the students is about 1500 in our school.
我們學校學生的人數大約是1500。
二、基數詞變序數詞助記歌。
基變序,有規律,末尾加上th;一、二、三特殊記,八加h ,九去e ,ve要用f替;以e結尾變ie,後跟th莫忘記。要想表示幾十幾,只變個位就可以。
特殊變化:one—first ,two—second ,three—third ,five—fifth ,
nine—ninth ,twelve—twelfth ,forty—fortieth ,
eight-nine—eighty-ninth
三、概數(略數)表達法
數詞+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名詞復數
hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of+名詞復數
例1
1. __people go swimming in summer in Dalian.
A、Thousands B、Thousand of C、Thousands of D、Thousand
2. __the students will take part in this English speech contest.
A. Two hundred of B. Two hundreds of C. Hundreds of D. Hundred of
知識總結二
一、of sb.與for sb.的'區別
(1)of sb.「對於(某人)」,用於It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth.句型中,形容詞為clever, kind, nice等描述人物性格特徵的詞,of後的人物與形容詞有主表關系。
(2)for sb.「對於(某人)」,用於It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth.句型中, 形容詞為easy, important等不描述人物性格特徵的詞,for後的人物與形容詞沒有主表關系。
二、不能同時出現在一個句子中的連詞
1、because(因為),so(所以)不能同時出現在一個句子里,只能用其一。
Because he was tired, he couldn』t walk there.
=He was tired ,so he couldn』t walk there.
因為他累了,所以他不能走到那兒了。
2、(al)thouthg(雖然),but (但是)不能同時出現在一個句子里,只能用其一。但thouthg和yet可以同時出現在一個句子里(yet用作副詞)
Thought he was tired, he still worked hard.
=He was tired, but he still worked hard.
雖然他很累,但他仍然努力工作。
;❼ 小升初英語常用句型
2017小升初英語常用句型匯總
小學英語的學習是個慢慢積累的過程,如果能掌握其中的一些基本常用句型對提升做題的准確率有一定的幫助。下面介紹幾種常用句型:
1、動詞be的用法
be(am,is are)在句子中的使用形式根據主語的不同而確定,
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟著他(he),她(she),它(it)。
單數名詞用is,復數名詞全用are。
變否定,更容易,be後not加上去。
變疑問,往前提,句末問號莫丟棄。
還有一條須注意,句首大寫莫忘記。
2、代詞this/that和it的用法
(1)this和that是指示代詞,it是人稱代詞。
(2)距離說話人近的人或物用this, 距離說話人遠的人或物用that。
如: This is a flower. 這是一朵花。(近處)
That is a tree. 那是一棵樹。(遠處)
(3)放在一起的兩樣東西,先說this, 後說that。
如:This is a pen. That is a pencil.
這是一支鋼筆。那是一支鉛筆。
(4)向別人介紹某人時說This is…, 不說That is…。
如:This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom.
這是海倫,海倫,這是湯姆。
(5)打電話時,介紹自己用this, 詢問對方用that。
如:-Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐嗎?
-Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是誰?
注意:雖然漢語中使用“我”和“你”,但英語中打電話時絕不可以說:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?
(6)在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時, 要用it代替this或that。如:
①-Is this a notebook? 這是筆記本嗎?
-Yes, it is. 是的,它是。
②-What’s that? 那是什麼?
-It’s a kite. 是只風箏。
3、代詞these和those的用法
these是this的復數形式,指時間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;
those是that的復數形式,指時間、距離較遠或前面已經提到過的人或事物。
These pictures are good. 那些畫很好。
Are those apple trees? 那些是蘋果樹嗎?
在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時,通常用they代替these或those以避免重復。
4、名詞+'s的所有格
1.單數名詞後直接加 “ ’s ”,表示XX的:
Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother傑夫的媽媽
以s結尾的復數名詞,只加“’”
Teachers’ Day教師節 the twins’ books雙胞胎的書
不以s結尾的`不規則的名詞復數,加“’s ”
Children’s Day 兒童節 men’s shoes男式鞋
表示兩者共同擁有時,只在最後一個名詞後加’s
Lucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的媽媽(共同的媽媽,一個媽媽)
表示兩者各自擁有時,要在每個名詞後加’s
Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凱特的房間(各自的房間,兩間房子)
5、There be句型的用法
(1)There be句型主要用以表達“某處(某時)有某人(某物)。”
其基本結構為“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時)”
其中there是引導詞,沒有詞義;主語是be後面的名詞, be是謂語動詞,在一般現在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。
(2)There be句型中的be動詞(is、are)如何確定呢?要用is還是are,須看其後的名詞是單數還是復數。
若是單數或不可數名詞用is,否則就用are。
①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
;❽ 小升初英語寫作句型
小升初英語寫作必備句型
小學升初中是小學生學業上的第一個轉折點,下面我給大家整理了小升初英語寫作必備句型,歡迎閱讀!
小升初英語寫作必備句型
句型1
There+be +主語+地點狀語/時間狀語
(例如)eg:
There's a book on the desk.
桌上有本書。
句型2
What』s wrong with+sb. / sth. ?
eg:
What's wrong with you?
你怎麼了?
句型3
How do you like...?
eg:
How do you like Nanjing?
你覺得南京怎麼樣?
句型4
What do you like about...?
eg:
What do you like about Nanjing?
你喜歡南京什麼?
句型5
had better(not)+動詞原形
eg:
You'd better have a rest.
你最好休息一下。
句型6
1.How+adj. / adv. +主語+謂語! ;
eg:
How beautiful the girl is !
這個姑娘真漂亮!
2.What a/an+adj. +n. +主語+謂語!
What an interesting book it is! 多有趣的一本書呀!
句型7
Thank+sb. +for (doing) sth.
eg:
Thank you for helping me.
感謝你幫我。
句型8
So+be/ 情態動詞/ 助動詞+主語
eg:
He is a doctor. So am I.
他是一個醫生,我也是。
句型9
... not ... until ...
eg:
He didn't do his homework until his mother came back.
直到他的父母回來他才寫作業。
句型10
比較級+and+比較級
eg:
It rained harder and harder.
雨越下越大。
句型11
the +比較級,the +比較級
eg:
The more careful you are ,the fewer mistake you will make.
越仔細,越少犯錯。
句型12
1、... as +adj./ adv.+as ... ;
eg:
Noting is as important as passion.
沒有什麼跟激情一樣重要。
2、not as/so+adj/adv. +as...
eg:
Last Sunday the weather was not so hot as it is today.
上個星期天的天氣不如今天的天氣炎熱。
句型13
more/ less +adj.+than...
eg:
I think art is more interesting than music.
我認為藝術比音樂更有趣。
句型14
stopsb/sth from doing sth.
eg:
The Great Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
長城將阻擋風吹走土壤。
句型15
both ... and ...
eg:
Both you and I are doctors.
我和你都是醫生。
句型16
either ... or...
eg:
Either you or he is right .
不是你對就是他對。
句型17
neither ... nor ...
eg:
Neither he nor I am a doctor.
我和他都不是醫生。
句型18
... as soon as ...
eg:
As soon as we were inside, the rain began to bucket down.
我們剛進屋,大雨便傾盆而下。
句型19
... so+adj. / adv.+that ...
eg:
I was so tired that I didn't want to have a supper.
我累得連晚飯也不想吃了。
句型20
Though...+主句
eg:
Though he is rich, his life is not happy.
他雖然很有錢,但生活並不幸福。
句型21
be going to do sth
eg:
I am going to do my homework after go home.
我回家將要做作業。
句型22
be different from
eg:
The weather in winter is different from that in spring.
冬天的.天氣和春天不一樣。
句型23
Welcome(back) to...
eg:
Welcome back to school!
歡迎回到學校!
句型24
have fun doing
eg:
You will have fun reading about the world we live in.
你會通過閱讀了解我們生活中的世界。
句型25
... because ... / ...,so ...
eg:
I don't buy it because it was too expensive.
我沒有買因為太貴了。
句型26
Why don』t you do... = Why not do...
eg:
Why don't you want to swim?
你為什麼不想學游泳?
句型27
make it
eg:
No matter how hard it is, I will make it one day.
無論多難,總有一天我會成功的。
句型28
have nothing to do
eg:
I don't care for the man who I have noting to do with.
我不關心那個與我無關的人。
句型29
1、be sure that... ;
eg:
I think so, but I'm not sure.
我想是這樣,但我不敢確定。
2、be sure of/ about sth. ;be sure to do sth.
eg:
I was not sure of / about the way,so I asked someone.
我對於怎麼走沒有把握,所以我問別人了。
句型30
between ... and ...
eg:
There is a supermarket between the hospital and the school.
在那家醫院和那所學校之間有一家超級市場。
句型31
keep sb. / sth. +adj/doing/介詞短語/adv
eg:
You must keep your room clean.
你們必須保持房間干凈。
Sorry to have kept you waiting.
對不起,讓你久等。
Can you keep her in the room ?
你能讓她在這個房裡嗎?
Keep them there.
讓她們在那兒呆著。
句型32
find +賓語+賓補
eg:
He finds it very hard to travel around the big city .
他發現要環游這個大城市是很難的。
句型33
... not ... any more/ longer
eg:
The old man doesn't travel any more.
這位老人不再旅行了。
He isn't a thief any longer.
他不再是個賊。
句型34
What』s the weather like...?
eg:
What's the weather like in spring in your hometown ?
你們家鄉春天天氣怎麼樣?
句型35
There is no time to do sth;
eg:
There was no time to think.
沒有時間思考。
sb have no time to do sth.
eg:
I have no time to go home for lunch.
我沒有時間回家吃午飯。
句型36
Help oneself to...
eg:
Help yourself to some fish.
吃魚吧!
句型37
used to do sth
eg:
I used to read this kind of story books.
我過去常讀這種故事書。
句型38
borrow ... from...
eg:
I borrowed an English book from him.
我從他那借了一本英語書。
句型39
lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb.
eg:
He lent me a story book=He lent a story book to me.
他借我一本故事書。
句型40
have been to...
eg:
Have you ever been to CHINA?
你曾去過中國嗎?
句型41
have gone to...
eg:
Where's he?He's gone to China.
他在哪兒?他去中國了。
句型42
be famous for...
eg:
Hawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches.
夏威夷以它美麗的海灘而出名。
句型43
No matter +疑問句+主句
eg:
No matter when you come,you are welcomed.
無論你們什麼時候來,都受歡迎。
句型44
be afraid of / to do / that...
eg:
I'm afraid not.
恐怕不能。
Don't be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English.
當說英語時不要害怕犯錯誤。
句型45
1、... as ... as possible;
eg:
I hope to see him as soon as possible.
我希望能盡快見到他。
2、... as ... as sb can.
eg:
He ran here as fast as he could.
他盡最大努力跑到這兒。
句型46
practise / enjoy / finish doing
eg:
A young man practised speaking English with Mr Brown.
一個年青人和布朗先生練習說英語。
Tom enjoys playing football very much.
湯姆很喜歡踢足球。
He finished reading the story book.
他看完了那本故事書。
句型47
It』s said that ...
eg:
It』s said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark.
據說最危險的鯊魚之一是大白鯊。
句型48
Not all / everyone ...
eg:
Not all birds are alike.
並不是所有的鳥都一樣。
句型49
be based on
eg:
His argument is based on facts.
他的論斷是以事實為根據的。
句型50
... so that ...
eg:
They got up early so that they could catch the eraly bus.
為了能趕上早班車,她們早早就起床了。
句型51
be+num. +metres / kilometres / years...+long / wide / deep / high / old...
eg:
The Great Green Wall is 7,000 kilometres long.
綠色長城長 7000 公里。
The river is about 2 metres deep.
這條河大約有 2 米深。
The boy is about 12 years old .
這個男孩約 12 歲。
句型52
keep ... from doing
eg:
The heavy rain kept us from starting out.
大雨阻止了我們出發。
句型53
with one』s help...
eg:
With your help,I've come to Nanjing to study further.
在你的幫助下, 我來南京深造。
句型54
I don』t think ...
eg:
I don't think any of them is important.
我不認為他們中任何一個是重要的。
句型55
What』s the population of ...?
eg:
What's the population of Nanjing ?
南京人口有多少?
句型56
prefer to dorather than do
eg:
They prefer to buy a new one rather than repair it.
他們更喜歡買一輛新車,而不願去修理它。
句型57
be worth (doing)
eg:
This book is worth reading.
這本書值得讀。
句型58
regardas...
eg:
We regard him as a real friends of us.
我們把他看做一位真正的朋友。
句型59
be confident of
eg:
He is confident of getting the first place.
他對拿第一有信心。
句型60
be angry with / about / at(doing)
eg:
We are all very angry with ourselves.
我們都很生自己的氣。
I was angry about his decision to build a factory here.
我很生氣他決定把工廠建在這兒。
I was angry at being kept waiting.
這樣一直等我很生氣。
;❾ 小升初英語語法強調句知識點總結
小升初英語語法強調句知識點總結
英語語法是針對英語語言進行研究後,系統地總結歸納出來的一系列語言規則。英語語法的精髓在於掌握語言的使用。下面我整理的小升初英語語法強調句知識點總結,一起來看看吧。
小升初英語語法強調句知識點總結1
前面講到強調時間狀語時,通常要用it is…that…,而不用it is … when…,所以有的同學對於下題選擇了A:
It was ten o』clock ______ he came back.
A. that B. when
C. so D. which
其實此題最佳答案為B,這不是一個強調句型。When引導的是一個時間狀語從句,全句意為:當他回來時,時間是10點鍾。比較以下強調句型:
It was at ten o』clock that he came back. 他是10點鍾回來的。
It was after ten o』clock that he came back. 他是在10點過後回來的。
It was before ten o』clock that he came back. 他是在10點前回來的。
再比較:
It is autumn when leaves fall. 當樹葉落的時候就是秋天了。
It is in autumn that leaves fall. 樹在秋天落葉。
另外,下面的句子也不是強調句型:
1) It』s a long time ______ I met you last.
A. that B. since
C. when D. which
2) It was more than a year now _____ he had seen her.
A. that B. since
C. when D. which
3) Was it here _____ you were away talking to a friend? Sure. But when I got back there, it was gone.
A. that B. while
C. which D. where
以上三題均選B,即前面兩句填since,其意為自從;第(3)填while,其意為 在…期間。
2. 將強調句判為非強調句
有些強調句型由於句子本身有一定的特殊性,比如是強調句的特殊疑問句形式,強調句型情態動 詞或復雜時態等,強調句中的被強調成分過於復雜,強調句與其他從句混雜在一起,等等,這都可能掩蓋 強調句型的本來面目,從而導致誤判:
1) When was _____ that the general manager left for Japan?
A. he B. it
C. that D. since
答案選B,為強調句的特殊疑問句形式。
2) It might have been John _____ bought a present for Mary yesterday.
A. that B. when
C. what D. which
答案選A,為強調句型,只是其中的動詞be採用了might have been這一復雜結構。
3) It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me.
A. which B. as
C. what D. that
答案選D,為強調句型,被強調部分為 what he meant rather than what he said,句意為 讓我生氣的不是他說的話,而是他話中的意思。
4) It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that
C. where, that D. which, that
答案選C,為強調句型,被強調成分是 in this room,where he was born 為修飾 the room 的 定語從句。
5) It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan.
A. which B. as
C. that D. what
答案選C,為強調句型,被強調成分為 lack of money, not of effort。
小升初英語語法強調句知識點總結2
一、考查結構詞的`選擇與使用
強調句的基本結構是It+be+被強調成分+that (who)…,其中的結構詞it 和that (who)為高考英語考查強調句時最常考查的考點。如:
1. I don』t mind her criticizing me, but _________ is how she does it that I object to.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
【解析】答案選A。此題考查it is ...that…這一強調句句型。句意為:我不介意她批評 我,我反對的是她批評我的方式。句中空格處填強調句結構詞it。
2. It is not who is right but what is right _________ is of importance.
A. which B. it C. that D. this
【解析】答案選C。此題考查it is…that…這一強調句式,被強調的是not who is right but what is right,全句意為:重要的不是誰是對的,而是什麼才是對的。句中空格處填強調句 結構詞that。
二、考查強調句的特殊疑問句形式
強調句型的陳述句形式和一般疑問句形式一般還好理解,但若以特殊疑問句形式出現,則很容易 誤解。比較:
Jim told us the news.(非強調句)
It was Jim that told us the news.(強調句型的陳述句形式)
Was it Jim that told us the news?(強調句型的一般疑問句形式)
Who was it that told us the news?(強調句型的特殊疑問句形式)
特殊疑問句形式的強調句可視為對陳述句強調中的被強調成分提問得來,如對It was yesterday that he arrived. 這一句中的yesterday提問,即得到When was it that he arrived?
請看高考真題:
1. I just wonder _________ that makes him so excited.
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
【解析】答案選D。注意what it is that makes him so excited為賓語從句,用作動詞wonder 的賓語。如果去掉主句I just wonder將原句改為疑問句則是:What is it that makes him so excited?
2.— _________ that he manage to get the information?
—Oh, a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it
【解析】答案選C 。由答語的內容可知,空格處應填how。
三、考查not…until…句式的強調句形式
not...until用於強調句型時的基本形式為It is (was) not until…that…。如:
1. It _________ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _________ I found we had a lot in common.
A. was until; when B. was until; that
C. wasn』t until; when D. wasn』t until; that
【解析】答案選D。此題考查not…until…句式的強調形式。又如:It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她取下墨 鏡,我才意識到她是一位著名影星。
2. It was not until she got home _________ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
A. when B. that C. where D. before
【解析】答案選B。考查not…until…句式的強調形式。又如:It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness. 直到我遇到你以後,我才真正體會到幸福。
四、考查強調句與非強調句的辨別
1. It will soon be five years _________ we came to live in Cairo.
A. that B. when C. since D. as
【解析】答案選C。此題不是考查強調句型,而是考查since的用法,句意為我們來到開 羅居住快五年了。又如:It is two years since he left the country. 他離開這個國家已經兩 年了。/ It』s quite some time since we wrote to each other. 我們互相通信已有不少時間了 。
2. Was it here _________ you were away talking to a friend? Sure. But when I got back there, it was gone.
A. that B. while C. which D. where
【解析】答案選B。此題不是考查強調句型,而是考查while的用法,while在此表示在 ……期間,句意為:當你離開去跟朋友說話的時候它在這兒嗎?
小升初英語語法強調句知識點總結3
1.Were all three people in the car injured in the accident?
No,___ only the two passengers who got hurt.
A. it was B. there is
C. it were D. there was
2. ---Who is making so much noise in the garden? --- ___ the children.
A. It is B. They are
C. That is D . There are
3. It was ___she was about to go out ___the telephone rang.
A. when that B. so; that
C. before; then D. when; before
4.It was ___ he said ___ disappointed me.
A. what; that B. that; what
C. that; when D. it; when
5.____ that silver is not widely used as a conctor?
A. Why is B. Is it why
C. Why is it D. Why is that
6.I can』t find Mr. Smith .Where did you meet him this morning? It was in the hotel ___ he stayed.
A. that B which
C. the one D. where
7.It was in the small house ___was built with stones
by his father ___ he spent his childhood.
A. which; that B. that where
C, which; which D. that; which
8.It was ___ it was raining so hard that we had to stay at home all day.
A. since B .for
C. as D. because
9.Is ____three hours ____ the boy ___family is poor to come to school on foot?
A .it that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose
C. it for that it takes; whose D. it; when that
10.It was his wife___ left him without saying goodbye.
A. who B .which
C .when D. in which
11. It is on a winter night ___he spent with me last night.
A. that B. where
C. as D .when
12 It is the young man ___ looked for ___ caught the murderer.
A.that; who B.that; they
C. they that D they which
13.It was ____ my teacher worked ____ I work hard.
A. where; that B. where; where
C .that; that D. that where
14.It was in the evening__we reached the little town of Winchester.
A that B. until
C. since D. before
15.It was not until dark ___ he found ___ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.
A. that; what B. that; that
C. when; what D. when; that
16.It is the ability to do the job ____ matters ,not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C .what D. it
17. I don』t know ____ that you stay here.
A. how long it is B. how long is it
C. it is how long D. is it how long
18.It was _____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. we being late B. our being late
C. we were too late D. because we were late
19.---what was the party like?
---Wonderful. It』s years _____ I enjoyed myself much.
A. after B. before C .that D. since
20.Why! I have nothing to confess(承認). ____you want me to say.
A.What is it that B.What it is that
C.How is it that D. How it is that
【答案】
1~10 AAAAC DADBA
11~20 ACAAA BABDB
小升初英語語法強調句知識點總結4
強調句型是英語語法考試經常涉及的一個考點,這類考題主要涉及以下幾個方面:
一是考查強調句型的基本結構,即It is + 被強調成分 + that / who +其他部分 ;
二是考查強調句的疑問句形式,如強調句的一般疑問句形式Is it + 被強調成分 + that / who +其他部分以及特殊疑問句形式疑問詞+is it that+其他部分;
三是考查not…until…的強調形式It was not until….that….。如:
It was from Betty that he first heard the news. 這消息他最早是從貝蒂那裡聽到的。
Was it you who broke the window? 窗子是你打破的嗎?
It was not until the rain stopped that they started. 直到雨停他們才出發。
How long ago is it that you last saw her? 你上次看見她是多久以前的事?
請看有關幾道考題(答案在題後)
1. It wasn』t until nearly a month later _________ I received the manager』s reply.
A. since B. when C. as D. that
2. It is what you do rather than what you say _________matters.
A. that B. what C. which D. this
3.— _________ that he manage to get the information.
—Oh, a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it
4. It was _________back home after the experiments.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn』t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn』t go
5. It is these poisonous procts _________ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.
A. who B. that C. how D. what
6. It was for this reason _________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
A. which B. why C. that D. how
7. It is the ability to do the work _________ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
答案:DACCBCB
;❿ 小升初英語必考10個知識點總結
小升初英語必考10個知識點總結
英語中的一些語法是考試中必考的,同學們你知道這些知識點嗎?我已經幫你總結好啦!下面就和網我一起來了解下吧!
1.動詞be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟著他(he),她(she),它(it)。單數名詞用is,復數名詞全用are。變否定,更容易,be後not加上去。變疑問,往前提,句末問號莫丟棄。還有一條須注意,句首大寫莫忘記。
2.this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代詞,it是人稱代詞。
(2)距離說話人近的人或物用this, 距離說話人遠的人或物用that。如: This is a flower. 這是一朵花。(近處)That is a tree. 那是一棵樹。(遠處)
(3)放在一起的兩樣東西,先說this, 後說that。如:This is a pen. That is a pencil. 這是一支鋼筆。那是一支鉛筆。
(4)向別人介紹某人時說This is…, 不說That is…。如:This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 這是海倫,海倫,這是湯姆。
(5)This is 不能縮寫, 而That is可以縮寫。如:This is a bike. That’s a car. 這是一輛自行車。那是一輛轎車。
(6)打電話時,介紹自己用this, 詢問對方用that。如:-Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐嗎?-Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是誰?注意:雖然漢語中使用“我”和“你”,但英語中打電話時絕不可以說:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?
(7)在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時, 要用it代替this或that。如:①-Is this a notebook? 這是筆記本嗎?-Yes, it is. 是的,它是。②-What’s that? 那是什麼?-It’s a kite. 是只風箏。
3.these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代詞,these是this的復數形式,指時間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復數形式,指時間、距離較遠或前面已經提到過的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good. 那些畫很好。
③ Are those apple trees? 那些是蘋果樹嗎?
在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時,通常用they代替these或those以避免重復。如:④Are these/those your apples? 這些(那些)是你的蘋果嗎?Yes, they are. 是的,他們是。
4.名詞+’s所有格單數名詞後直接加 “ ’s ”:
Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother傑夫的媽媽
以s結尾的復數名詞,只加“’”Teachers’ Day教師節 the twins’ books雙胞胎的書
不以s結尾的`不規則的名詞復數,加“ ’s ”Children’s Day 兒童節 men’s shoes男式鞋
表示兩者共同擁有時,只在最後一個名詞後加’sLucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的媽媽(共同的媽媽,一個媽媽)
表示兩者各自擁有時,要在每個名詞後加’sLucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凱特的房間(各自的房間,兩間房子)
5.There be句型
(1)There be句型主要用以表達“某處(某時)有某人(某物)。”其基本結構為“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時)”其中there是引導詞,沒有詞義;主語是be後面的名詞, be是謂語動詞,在一般現在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。下面這首歌訣可幫你巧記there be句型結構:
There be放句首,主語跟在後。地、時放句末,強調置前頭。如:There is a book on the desk.有時為了強調地點,也可把介詞短語放在句首。如:
On
the desk there is a book.
(2)There be句型中的be動詞如何確定呢?請先看看下面這首歌訣:Be動詞,有三個,am,is還有are。“There be”真特別,不留am只留倆,那就是is還有are。要用is還是are,須看其後的名詞是單數還是復數。若是單數或不可數名詞用is,否則就用are。如:①There is a tree behind the house.②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There
are some pears in the box.
(3)注意:如果“be”後的主語是由and連接的兩個或兩個以上的名詞,那麼be的形式要遵循“遠親不如近鄰”的原則。也就是說,“be”的形式是由與它最近的那個名詞來確定的。若那個名詞是單數或不可數名詞要用is,是復數就用are。如:①There is a book and some pens on the floor.②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
6.like一詞的用法like用作及物動詞,譯為“喜歡”。
(1)後接名詞或代詞,表示喜歡某人或某物。如:I like the baby very much. 我非常喜歡這個小孩。
(2)後接動名詞(v. -ing),表示“喜歡做某事”,著重於習慣、愛好。如:Tom likes playing football. 湯姆喜歡踢足球。
(3)後接動詞不定式(to do ),表示“偶爾地喜歡做某事”,著重於某次具體的行為。如:I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜歡讀書,但我今晚想看電視。
7.句子單數變復數,注意以下五要素
(1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應的復數主格人稱代詞,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。
如:She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am,is要變為are。如:I’m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠詞a,an要去掉。如:He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通單數名詞要變為復數形式。如:It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代詞this,that要變為these,those。如:This is a box. →These are boxes.
8.英語日期的表示法
英語中月份和星期名稱都是專有名詞,它們的首字母必須大寫,並且前面無需用冠詞。
用英語表示日期,其順序為月+日+年,日和年之間需用逗號隔開。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年來表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英語日期前介詞的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,則用介詞in,若具體到某一天,則需用介詞on。
9.時間的表達法
(1) 直讀式,即直接讀出時間數字
7:05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2) 過、差式,即幾點差幾分,幾點過幾分。(以30分為分界線)1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two
3:43seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小時制
6:00 a.m. 上午6點 8:20 p.m. 下午8點20分
(4)24小時制
13:00
13點鍾 22:15 22點15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15
a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)時間前通常用at.at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.
10. want用法
(1)想干什麼用want to do sth
They
want to join the sports club. 他們想加入運動俱樂部。
(2)第三人稱單數作主語,want要作變化①He wants to play basketball.
②Li Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)變疑問句,否定句要藉助助動詞do或does.
①-Do
you want to play soccer ball ?
-Yes, I do . / No , I don’t.
②-Does he want to go home by bus ?
-Yes, he does . / No , he doesn’t
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