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同學評價英語怎麼寫 2025-03-12 22:25:55

學英語常用知識

發布時間: 2022-09-13 08:56:52

❶ 英語零基礎需要掌握的基本語法知識

英語零基礎需要掌握的基本語法知識

針對零基礎特點總結出應該掌握的基本語法,具體包括:

詞性

動詞、名詞和形容詞在英語里與漢語里有類似,也有區別,不太容易區分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法:

在一個詞前面加量詞(不定冠詞),“一(個、張等)”,如說得通,一般認為是名詞;如果說不通,再把“很”加在詞的前面去判斷,說得通一般就是形容詞;都說不通就是動詞。(目前我們學過的,以後可能不同)(另外一些很明顯的,如人稱代詞、數詞、情態動詞等一下就可以知道)

1動詞

這里所說的動詞是指各種動詞總稱,其中包括行為動詞(就是我們平時總說的那種動詞)、be動詞、情態動詞。

(1)行為動詞

表示某一動作或行為。如:walk、love等。

行為動詞我們已學過它們的四種形式:原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing,

(2)be動詞

a、口訣:我用am,你用are,is用在他她它,所有復數全用are。

b、肯定和否定句My hair is(not)long.Her eyes are(not)small.

c、一般疑問句Am I a Chinese?Yes,you are.No,you aren’t.Are they American?Yes,they are.No,they aren’t.Is the cat fat?Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.

我們現在學過的be動詞大致分兩類:is、am、are為一類,一般用於一般現在時、現在進行時和一般將來時中,was和were為另一類,一般用於一般過去時。

(3)情態動詞

情態動詞也是一類特殊的動詞,平時我們不把它說成是動詞。情態動詞可以和行為動詞同時出現在同一個句子中。

我們現在學過的情態動詞有:can、must、should、would、may。接觸最多的是can。

情態動詞後動詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)

2名詞

英語中名詞有單復數之分。判斷的關鍵詞往往是be動詞,be動詞如果是am、is或was,名詞就用原形;be動詞如果是are或were,名詞就加s或es。

這里強調兩點:不可數名詞都默認為單數,所以總是用is或者was;最好不要根據some、any、a lot of等詞去作判斷,以免受誤導。

如何加後綴:

a.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags。

b.以s.x.sh.ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches

c.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries

d.以“f或fe”結尾,變f或fe為v,再加-es,如:knife-knives

e.不規則名詞復數:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese

3形容詞(包括副詞)

形容詞表示某一事物或的特徵,副詞表示某一動作的特徵。形容詞和副詞只有兩種形式:原形和+er。

未作比較的情況下就用原形,比較時就+er。

兩個重要特徵:as……as中間一定用原形,有than的時候一定+er。

4人稱代詞和物主代詞

人稱代詞物主代詞

單數復數單數復數

主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性(短)名詞性(長)形容詞性(短)名詞性(長)

第一人稱I me we us my mine our ours

第二人稱you you you you your yours your yours

第三人稱he him they them his his their theirs

she her her hers

it it its its

人稱代詞:

有主格和賓格之分。

一般動詞前用主格,動詞後用賓格。

物主代詞:

有兩類:形容詞性物主代詞(短的)和名詞性物主代詞(長的)

一般看後面有沒有名詞,如有,就用形容詞性物主代詞(短的');如無,就用名詞性物主代詞(長的)。

5數量詞

我們學過兩類:基數詞和序數詞。基數用於表示數量多少,而基數詞用於表示次序,常在日期中出現。

6冠詞

有a、an、the。a和an有具體的意思,一(個…),the沒有具體意思,有時翻譯為這、那。確定用a、an還是the時可根據漢語意思。a和an的區別:an用於母音音素(一般就是母音字母aeiou)前,a用於輔音音素前。

•否定句

表示某一否定意思。句中一定有not。

有三種可能:be動詞(am、is、are、was、were)+not、情態動詞(can、must、should)+not、助動詞(do、does、did)+not

如何將一個肯定的陳述句改為否定句:

1、看句中有無be動詞,如有,直接在be動詞後+not。

2、看句中有無情態動詞,如有,直接在情態動詞後+not。

3、如上述二者都沒有,就應用助動詞+not。

分四個步驟:

(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的,要加上去,位置在主語(某人或某物)後,動詞前。

(2)確定助動詞用do、does還是did,根據句中動詞,動詞是原形的助動詞就用do,動詞是第三人稱單數的助動詞就用does,動詞用過去式的助動詞就有did。

(3)在助動詞後加not。

(4)原句中動詞假如發生變化就要恢復成原形。

強調一點,有some的要考慮是否要用any。

•一般疑問句

表示疑問,一般回答只有兩種可能Yes,……或No,……句中沒有疑問詞。

如何將一個肯定的陳述句改為否定句:

1、看句中有無be動詞,如有,把be動詞提到句首即可。

2、看句中有無情態動詞,如有,把情態動詞提到句首即可。

3、如上述二者都沒有,就應把助動提到句首。分四個步驟:

(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的,要加上去,位置在主語(某人或某物)後,動詞前。

(2)確定助動詞用do、does還是did,根據句中動詞,動詞是原形的助動詞就用do,動詞是第三人稱單數的助動詞就用does,動詞用過去式的助動詞就有did。

(3)把助動詞後提到句首。

(4)原句中動詞假如發生變化就要恢復成原形。

強調一點,有some的要考慮是否要用any。

•特殊疑問句

表示疑問,有疑問詞(在開頭),回答有很多種可能。

常用疑問詞:

What、When、Which、Who、Whose、Why、How

如何對劃線部分提問:

1、將原問句翻譯為漢語(在讀中要將劃線部分重讀)。

如:His birthday is on the 5th of May.

他的生日在五月五日。

2、用漢語進行提問。

如上句,應該問:他的生日在什麼時候?

3、根據漢語將所要提問的句子補充完整。

如上句When is his birthday?

•祈使句

表示請求或命令別人做某事或不要做某事。

肯定祈使句一定是以動詞原形開頭(有時有please),否定的祈使句一定是don’t加動詞原形開頭(有時有please)。

把祈使句改為否定句只需在動詞前加don’t即可。

•時態

1、一般現在時

(1)句中be動詞和動詞一般情況下只能有一種而且也必須有一種。如:

The children are very happy on Christmas Day.

She often does some housework at the weekend.

(2)一般現在時中的be動詞:

一般用原形:am is are

am用於第一人稱單數(I);is用於第三人稱單數(he she it和其他人名或稱謂,如:Ben his sister等);are用於第二人稱單數(you)和所有復數(包括第一人稱復數we、第二人稱復數you;第三人稱復數they和其他復數,如the children、his parents等)。

(3)一般過去時中的動詞:

有兩種情況:

第一種情況:主語是第三人稱單數(he she it和其他,如Helen、her cousin等),動詞後一般加s或es。

第二種情況:主語不是第三人稱單數,動詞都用原形。

(4)一般現在時判斷依據(如何判斷一個句子是一般現在時):

△be動詞是am、is、are

△動詞用原形或加s、es

△沒有時間狀語或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具體的時間

2、一般過去時

a,一般過去時中的be動詞:

was用於第一人稱單數(I)和第三人稱單數(he she it和其他人名或稱謂,如:Ben、his sister等);were用於第二人稱單數(you)和所有復數(包括第一人稱復數we、第二人稱復數you;第三人稱復數they和其他復數,如the children、his parents等)。

b,一般過去時中的動詞:

一般只有一種情況:+ed

這里強調一點,和一般現在時不同的是這里不管主語是第幾人稱,也不管是單數和復數都加ed。

3、一般將來時

(1)構成形式:

Be going to+動詞原形。

這里強調一點,be動詞、going、to以及動詞原形共四個單詞缺少其中任何一種都不可以構成一般將來時。

(2)一般將來時表示動作即將發生或某人打算做某事。

(3)句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等詞。

4、現在進行時

(1)構成形式:

Be動詞+動詞的ing形式

這里強調一點,兩者缺少其中任何一種都不可以構成現在進行時。

(2)現在進行時表示動作正在進行或事情正在發生。

(3)句中往往有now、look、listen等詞。

;

❷ 英語的基本知識有哪些

1、字母:26個字母的大小寫

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ,abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz。

2、語音:母音的發音

五個母音字母:AEIOU。

12個單母音:

前母音:[i:] [ɪ] /e/ [æ]。

中母音:[ɜ:] [ə]。

後母音:[ɑ:] [ɒ] [ɔ:] [u :] [ʊ] [ʌ]。

雙母音(8個) 合口雙母音(5個)[ai] [ei] [au] [əu] [ɔi] 集中雙母音(3個) [iə][εə][uə]。

3、詞彙:詞彙量,近反義詞。

4、句子:大小寫,標點符號。

學習英語的方法有:

1、積累詞彙。如果你是學生,可以通過英語課程,讓老師幫助你了解英語的基礎知識和思維方式。如果你是自學者,可以通過網路視頻,根據視頻上的內容了解英語的基礎知識等。並且需要購買一本中英的英語詞典,讓你在學習英語的前期掌握足夠的英語詞彙。

2、學習語法。學習語法的目的,是為了可以更好地進行聽說讀寫等語言實踐活動。也就是說,通過對語法規則規律的掌握,減少在語言實踐練習中的盲目性,提高語言的准確性。

3、多讀、多背、多寫。因為學習語言需要對我們的各種感觀進行刺激,每天至少看 60-120分鍾的英語,早晨和晚上是學英語的最好時間。

4、勇於交流。加強交際訓練,為自己提供一個英語環境,只有多交流,才能把口語說的很流利。

❸ 初中英語的重要知識點分享 英語高分必備

下面是我為大家整理分享的 初中英語知識點 ,希望能對大家學習英語有幫助。

初中英語知識點總結

祈使句

祈使句常用來表示命令、請求、建議等語氣,它的主語為you,通常省略,而以動詞原形開頭。表示命令語氣的祈使句一般用降調來朗讀,而表示請求或建議語氣的祈使句一般用升調來朗讀。其否定形式是在實義動詞前加上don't,即使動詞是be也是如此。

介詞(短語)的用法

介詞一般用於名詞或代詞之前,表示主語與介詞後面的名詞或代詞和句子其它成份的關系。介詞和其後的名詞或代詞構成介詞短語。介詞短語在句中常用作表語、狀語、定語等。不同的介詞有不同的用法,在此不作贅述。

現在進行時的基本用法

(1)表示此時此刻正在發生的事情。常與now,at the moment,look,listen等詞連用。

The little boy is watching TV now.這個小男孩現在正在看電視。

Listen!She is playing the guitar in the next room.聽!她正在隔壁房間彈吉他。

(2)表示現階段一直在進行著或是重復發生著的動作,不強調此時此刻正在做。常與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。

I am studying computer this term.這個學期我一直在學習計算機。

初中的英語學習有幾大難點

第一、音標的掌握。音標的學習比較抽象,但是確實 英語學習 的重中之重。音標掌握可以提高學生的自學單詞能力,而單詞的學習又是學好英語的奠基石。學習方法:辨別好其發音規律,正確識記書寫形式,帶入單詞加以練習。

第二、時態和語態的運用。初中英語學習八大時態,但是重點考察五大時態---一般將來時、一般現在時、一般過去時、現在進行時、現在完成時。語態分為主動語態與被動語態,難點在於被動語態的學習。中考英語主要考察一般現在時、一般將來時、一般過去時和含有情態動詞的被動語態。學習方法:理解概念,牢記公式,熟記標志,准確運用。

❹ 英語的入門知識

學習英語的人越來越多,但是要想學好英語並非三兩天的事,學習需要一個漫長的積累過程。下面,滬江小編給大家整理的是英語入門學習的基礎知識點,大家可以作為學習的參考。
1. 基數詞的用法。
數詞分為兩大類:基數詞和序數詞,表示「多少」的為基數詞;表示「第幾」的為序數詞。基數詞有zero, one, two等。序數詞我們剛學了一個「first」(第一)。其中基數詞的用法如下:
(1)表示數字、年齡、日期等,在劇中可作主語、定語和表語。
—What』s two and five? 二加上五等於幾?
— Seven 七 (表示數字)
—How old is it ? 它幾歲了?
—It』s four. 它四歲了。(表示年齡)
—What』s the date today? 今天幾月幾日?
—It』s October 3. 10月3日。(表示日期)
(2)表示編號:Lesson One 第一課 Unit One 第一單元
(3)表示號碼,如電話號碼、門牌號、身份證號等,按單個基數詞讀出。0可以讀成字母o的讀音或zero,相連的相同兩位數可以讀成double(雙寫的)+基數詞。
(4)表示時刻: 8:00 = eight o』clock 8點鍾
2. 漢語名字在英語中的寫法
中國人名是姓在前,名在後。姓和名的首字母都要大寫且中間空一格,若名為兩個字,中間不加空格,只需第一字的首字母大寫。
英語在當今社會的運用越來越廣泛,從而引起了大家對英語學習的重視。學習英語不能操之過急,學習需要掌握方法,方法用對,學習才能事半功倍。

❺ 簡單英語語法知識

簡單英語語法知識

there be句式有時可以與情態動詞連用

■與 can / could 連用

There can be no doubt about that.

那是毫無疑問的。

Without heavy instry there can be no economic advance.

沒有重工業,就沒有經濟的發展。

If the police hadn』t closed the road there could have been a bad accident.

要不是警方關閉了道路,本來會發生嚴重車禍的。

■與may / might 連用

There might still be hope.

可能還有希望。

There may be a letter for me.

大概有我一封信。

There may be a storm tomorrow.

明天可能有風暴。

At the end there may be an index.

結尾處可能有索引。

There might be drinks if you wait for a bit.

如果你等一會兒,可能會有飲料。

There may be more importance in it than would seem.

它的重要意義可能要比看上去大。

■與must 連用

There must be a mistake.

一定是弄錯了。

He felt there must be something wrong.

他感到准有什麼問題。

There must be somebody at home—ring again.

家裡肯定有人——再按一下鈴。

There must be some book which could help.

一定有那麼本書可以幫我們的忙。

That can』t be the only way. There must be other ways of solving the problem.

那不是解決問題的唯一辦法,肯定有另外的辦法。

■與 should 連用

There shouldn』t be any doubt about it.

對此不應有什麼懷疑。

It is important that there should be afire escape.

要有一個太平梯,這很重要。

The widow begged that there should be no reprisals.

遺孀祈求不要去搞復仇。

■與 ought to 連用

There ought to be a comma here.

這兒應有一個逗號。

There shouldn』t be any doubt about it.

對此不應有什麼懷疑。

There ought to be traffic lights at this crossroads.

這個十字路口應該有紅綠燈。

There ought to be enough of a fire left up there.

上面那兒殘留的火勢該夠大了。

There oughtn』t to have been any difficulty about it

此事本不應有什麼困難。

■與 used to 連用

There used to be a small park just around the corner.

以前在那個拐角就有一個小公園。

There are more flowers than there used to he.

現在比過去花兒更多了。

There used to be a cinema here, didn』t there?

過去這兒是有一家電影院的,是嗎?

There used to be a hospital here.

原來這里有家醫院。

There used to be four cinemas in the town, now there is only one.

過去這座城市有四家電影院。現在只有一家了。

從零開始學語法:情態動詞can與may的用法

can 的用法

一、表能力,有「能,會,能夠」的意思。例如:

-Can you drive a car? 你會開車嗎?

-Yes, I can. 我會。/ No, I can't. 我不會。

二、表允許,在口語中代替may,有「可以」的意思。

(見下面 may 的用法第四點)

三、表示可能性,常用於否定句和疑問句。例如:

Can it be true? 那會是真的嗎?

Today is Sunday. He can't be at school. 今天是星期天,他不可能在學校里。

很多同學都不太清楚 can 與 be able to 的異同吧,趕快來學習一下吧>>

may 的用法

一、表示許可或徵求對方的許可,有「可以」的意思。例如:

You may go now. 你可以走了。

May I use your computer? 我用一下你的電腦可以嗎?

二、回答以 may 開頭的疑問句有如下表達法:

-May I smoke here? 我可以在這兒抽煙嗎?

-Yes, you may. / Yes, please. 請抽吧。

-No, you can't. / No, you mustn't. / No, you'd better not. 請不要抽煙。

三、表示猜測,通常只用於陳述句。例如:

You may be right. 你可能是對的。

四、在口語中 can 可以代替 may 表示許可,但 can 較隨便,may 更正式。例:

Can I use your bike, John? 約翰,我可以用一下你的自行車嗎?

May I have a look at your license please, sir? 先生,我可以看一下你的執照嗎?

從零開始學語法:情態動詞must與have to的用法

must 的用法

一、表義務,「必須」。例如:

You must talk to them about their study. 你必須同他們談談關於他們學習的事。

二、在否定結構中表不許。例如:

You mustn't leave here. 你不能離開這兒。

三、表推測,暗含有很大的可能性。例如:

He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他的臉色那麼蒼白。

注意:之前我們說過 may 也可以表猜測,但是 may 暗含的可能性較小,must 暗含的可能性較大。另外否定的猜測是用can't。例如:

The baby can't be ill. He is so active. 那寶寶不大可能是病了。他那麼活躍。

四、表不可避免,「必然要,必定會」。例如:

All men must die. 人總有一死。

五、表主張,「堅持要,一定要」。例如:

If you must go, at least wait till the rain stops. 如果你堅持要走,至少也要等雨停了再走。

六、關於 must 的簡短回答:

-Must I clean the dining room at once? 我必須馬上打掃膳廳嗎?

-Yes, you must. 是的。

-No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. 不必馬上打掃。

have to 的用法

一、have to 表客觀的需要和義務,must 表主觀的`認識。例如:

I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi. 我沒搭上火車,所以我只得打的。(客觀上需要打的)

I must study hard. 我必須努力學習。(主觀上認為應該努力學習)

二、在疑問句和否定句中,have to 多用助動詞 do 構成,must 則直接提前或加not。例如:

Did he have to do it? = Must he do it? 他得做那件事嗎?

而且在否定句中,have to 表不需要,must 表不允許:

You don't have to go there. 你不需要去那兒。

You mustn't go there? 你不可去那兒。

2014高考英語抓分訓練:情態動詞與虛擬語氣、非謂語動詞、復合句(含答案解析)

一、情態動詞與虛擬語氣考點

I am a middle school student. I have many dreams. If there 1.________ (be) not so much homework, I would have more time to do what I like to do. How I wish I 2.________ (listen) to my favourite music for an hour a day and 3.________ (play) table tennis for an hour in the morning. It's my desire that we 4.________ (hold) evening parties or 5.________ (organize) some interesting activities at weekend. I suggest that t here 6.________ (be) not so many tests. You can imagine what life 7.________ (will) be if I8.________ (realize) my dream. But I must face the exams. Without good marks, I 9.________ (will) not enter my ideal university. Anyway, it's high time that I 10.________ (encourage) myself and worked hard from now on.

二、不定式考點

Dear Editors,

My name is Adam Rouse. I'm 19 years old and I used 1.________ (be) a heavy smoker. I first started 2.________ (smoke) when I was only 15 alt hough I know it is very harmful 3.________ (smoke) at any time.

I read your magazine and know that there are some organizations 4.________ (help)people stop smoking.Participants learn 5.________ (recognise) smoking triggers and they try 6.________ (set) a date in the future when they will stop 7.________ (smoke)on purpose.Now, I am looking for some ideas 8.________ (help) myself 9.________ (give) up smoking and I expect myself 10.________ (accept) as a member of your organizations.

Yours sincerely,

Li Lei

三、分詞考點

Many years ago, a young foreigner 1.________ (call) Marco Polo travelled all the way from Italy to China. From then on a window to the east has been 2.________ (open) for westerners.

Two kinds of gold coins once 3.________ (make) by Europeans showed their respects to the great explorer.

Marco Polo was 4.________ (bear) in 1254. He l ived in Venice, a rich city in Italy. Marco's father and uncle were merchants. They had travelled to the east. So when Marco was young, he enjoyed 5.________ (listen) to the stories about the places 6.________ (visit) by his father. His father decided 7.________ (take) him on a trip. When Marco Polo was just 17, he left his country for China. They were among the first to go along the silk road. They had a lot of trouble in 8.________(explore). So it was a hard trip for Marco Polo, but he was very brave. After about four years, Marco met Kublai Khan who gave him a job. Marco spent 17 years 9.________ (work) for him. He visited most parts of China. He learned lots of 10.________ (interest) things about Chinese life. When he returned home, he let others know about things like coal and paper money. He wrote about his trip in a famous book.

四、動名詞考點

Everyone needs friends. There is an old 1.________ (say): friends are God's way of 2.________ (take) care of us. But how do you find real friendship and keep it?

The Care and Keeping of Friends by American author Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways of 3.________ (find) friends. Sally says 4.________ (arrive) at friendship is just like 5.________ (plant) a tree. You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow. First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient. For example, if you have a hard day, a good friend should l isten to your complaints and do their best 6.________ (help). To make a friend, you cannot be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your life. But things can't always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friends? You have to talk to them. When there is no one around, have an honest talk. If he or she doesn't want 7.________ (talk), you could write a letter.

Sally says there are three steps to 8.________ (be) friends again. Tell him or her how you are feeling, say what your friend has done wrong, and explain why you did this or that. The book also has advice on some small but important things like 9.________ (celebrate) your friends' success. Even if you haven't had a real friend before, you will start 10.________ (think) of having one if you read this book, because the book tells that friendship is the most important thing in your life.

五、名詞性從句考點

Three years had passed and things were even worse than before. One can hardly imagine 1.________ the poor people suffered. Most of the workers lost their jobs and in order to provide for their families they sold everything 2.________ they had in their houses. They could neither get food nor clot hing. Many of them fell ill and died.

Now they began to understand 3.________ the factory owners were their enemies. But they believed that 4.________ the government knew 5.________ hard their conditions were, they would give them some help . In a meeting they decided 6.________ they should send some of their men to London to tell the government of the truth. Jackson was chosen to be one of them to go to the capital. He felt proud 7.________ he could do something for his friends.

A few days later, when Jackson came back from London and was asked to tell about 8.________ had happened there, he replied in a low voice, 「I will never forget 9.________ we workers were treated there, and I will never forgive those who refused to hear us. Friends, let us do all we can to struggle against the capitalists and the government 10.________ supports them.」

六、定語從句考點

Some day, if you are lucky, you may see a bongo. But the only way 1.________ most people will see it is in a zoo. They are found in Africa, 2.________ they lived deep in forests. Even in Africa, very few people ever get to see a bongo. The bongo does not come out of the forest very often. It is an animal 3.________ keeps to itself.

The bongo has beautiful colouring. Its hair is bright brown mixed with orange and red. Down its back an d across its sides the bongo has yellowwhite strips. Animals 4.________ look for food at night usually have big eyes. This helps them see better at night. The forests in 5.________ bongos live are very dark. The eyes of bongos are very big. So, they have not trouble in living in the darkness.

Bongos in zoos do not like to go outside on bright days. They only go outside on those days when it is dark or very cloudy.

七、狀語從句考點

Two travelling angels stopped to spend the night in the home of a wealthy family. The family was rude and refused to let the angels stay in the mansion's guestroom. Instead the angels were given a small space in the cold basement. 1.________ they made their bed on the hard floor, the older angel saw a hole in the wall and repaired it. When the younger angel asked 2.________, the older angel replied, 「Things aren't always 3.________they seem.」

The next night the pair came to rest at the house of a very poor, 4.________ very hospitable farmer and his wife. After sharing what little food they had,the couple let the angels sleep in their bed 5.________ they could have a good night's rest. 6.________ the sun came up the next morning the angels found the farmer and his wife in tears. Their only cow, 7.________milk had been their sole income, lay dead in the field. The younger angel was infuriated and asked the older angel, 「How could you have let this happen?」 「The first man had everything, yet you helped him,」 she accused. 「The second family had little 8.________ was willing to share everything and you let the cow die.」

「Things aren't always what they seem, 」 the older angel replied.「9.________ we stayed in the basement of the mansion, I noticed there was gold stored in the hole in the wall. 10.________ the owner was so obsessed with greed and unwilling to share his good fortune, I sealed the wall and he wouldn't find it. Then last night as we slept in the farmer's bed, the angel of death came to his wife. I asked God if the angel could take the cow instead.」

八、復合句考點

Gandhi was honoured as the father of the Indian nation. He has been respected and beloved by the Indians with the belief 1.________ he is an Indian national hero. He was born in India in 1869. 2.________ is recorded, he got married at the age of 13, following the local custom. In 1888 he sailed to England, 3.________ he studied law for three years and became a lawyer. 4.________ his return to India, he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case. In South Africa he was surprised to find 5.________ the problem of racial discrimination was serious. There he formed an organization and this was 6.________ he started to fight for equal rights. Gandhi returned to India in 1915, 7.________ India was controlled by the British. He led the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and independence for his country. 8.________ in the political movement many Indians including Gandhi were put in prison and it was still not sure9.________ they could gain independence, the struggles never stopped. The British government had to give in and India won its independence in 1947. Unfortunately, Gandhi was shot by an Indian 10.________ opposed his views and died on January 30th, 1948.

一、情態動詞與虛擬語氣考點

1.were 2.listened 3.played 4.(should) hold

5.(should) organize 6.(should) be 7.would

8.realized/ should realize/ were to realize 9.would

10.encouraged

二、不定式考點

1.to be 2.smoking/to smoke 3.to smoke 4.to help

5.to recognise 6.to set 7.smoking 8.to help

9.(to)give 10.to be accepted

三、分詞考點

1.called 2.opened 3.made 4.born 5.listening

6.visited 7.to take 8.exploring 9.working

10.interesting

四、動名詞考點

1.saying 2.taking 3.finding 4.a rriving 5.planting

6.to help 7.to talk 8.being 9.celebrating

10.thinking/to think

五、名詞性從句考點

1.how 2.that 3.that 4.if 5.how 6.that 7.that 8.what 9.how 10.that

六、定語從句考點

1.that 2.where 3.that/which 4.that/which 5.which

七、狀語從句考點

1 .As/When 2.why 3.what 4.but 5.where

6.When 7.whose 8.but 9.When 10.Since/Because

八、復合句考點

1.that 2.As 3.where 4.On/After 5.that 6.how

7.when 8.Though/Although 9.whether 10.who

小升初英語語法大全:情態動詞must與have to的用法

must 的用法

一、表義務,「必須」。例如:

You must talk to them about their study. 你必須同他們談談關於他們學習的事。

二、在否定結構中表不許。例如:

You mustn't leave here. 你不能離開這兒。

三、表推測,暗含有很大的可能性。例如:

He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他的臉色那麼蒼白。

注意:之前我們說過 may 也可以表猜測,但是 may 暗含的可能性較小,must 暗含的可能性較大。另外否定的猜測是用can't。例如:

The baby can't be ill. He is so active. 那寶寶不大可能是病了。他那麼活躍。

四、表不可避免,「必然要,必定會」。例如:

All men must die. 人總有一死。

五、表主張,「堅持要,一定要」。例如:

If you must go, at least wait till the rain stops. 如果你堅持要走,至少也要等雨停了再走。

六、關於 must 的簡短回答:

-Must I clean the dining room at once? 我必須馬上打掃膳廳嗎?

-Yes, you must. 是的。

-No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. 不必馬上打掃。

have to 的用法

一、have to 表客觀的需要和義務,must 表主觀的認識。例如:

I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi. 我沒搭上火車,所以我只得打的。(客觀上需要打的)

I must study hard. 我必須努力學習。(主觀上認為應該努力學習)

二、在疑問句和否定句中,have to 多用助動詞 do 構成,must 則直接提前或加not。例如:

Did he have to do it? = Must he do it? 他得做那件事嗎?

而且在否定句中,have to 表不需要,must 表不允許:

You don't have to go there. 你不需要去那兒。

You mustn't go there? 你不可去那兒。

2011年中考英語試題單項選擇之情態動詞和系動詞(1)

(2010 .河北省卷,31. 1) -Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?

-Yes, you ________.

A. must B. can C. may D. need

(2010湖南省婁底市5. 1) -Must I be in hospital for a week, Doctor? ?

-No, you . You can go back home tomorrow.?

A.mustn』t B.needn』t C. must?

(2010湖南省婁底市7. 1) -What do you think of the cake??

-I like it very much. It tastes .?

A.good B.terrible C. well

(2010.江蘇省鹽城市3.1)The desk is not dirty.You_______clean it.

A.mustn』t B.shouldn』t C.needn』t C.can』t

(2010.四川省內江市23. 1)-What is your mother going to do this Saturday?

--I』m not sure.She_____go to see my grandmother.

A.can B.must C.may

(2010.四川省自貢市31. 1)-May we leave the classroom now?

--No,you _________.You_________to leave until the bell rings.

A.must;are allowed B.can』t ,aren』t supposed

C.needn』t ;aren』t allowed

答案:ABACCC

;

❻ 小學英語基礎知識點歸納

小學英語基礎知識

一、全部倒裝

全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動詞全部置於主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現在時和一般過去時。常見的結構有:

1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置於句首,謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。

There goes the bell.

Then came the chairman.

Here is your letter.

2) 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置於句首,謂語表示運動的動詞。

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.

Ahead sat an old woman.

注意:上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。

Here he comes. Away they went.

二、部分倒裝

部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態動詞,則需添加助動詞do, does或did,並將其置於主語之前。

1) 句首為否定或半否定的詞語,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

當Not until引出主從復合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。

注意: 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。

I have never seen such a performance.

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

小學英語必備知識

(一)基數詞——從1數到n

1.1—12的基數詞是獨立的單詞,即:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。

2.13—19的基數詞以-teen結尾。如:fourteen,seventeen等,但13,15,18較特殊,13—thirteen 15—fifteen 18—eighteen。

3.20—90的整十位均以-ty結尾。如:sixty,ninety,但20,30,40,50,80較特殊,20—twenty,30—thirty,40—forty ,50—fifty,80—eighty。

4.十位數與個位數之間要加連字元號「-」,如:28—twenty-eight,96—ninety-six。

5.百位和十位(若無十位則和個位)之間加and,如:148—one hundred and forty-eight,406—four hundred and six。

6.hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百萬),billion(十億)等前面即使有具體的'數詞,也不能在它們的後面加s。如:600—six hundred,8百萬—eight million。

7.1000以上的數字,從後往前數每三位加一個逗號「,」第一個逗號前為千(thousand),第二個逗號前為百萬(million),第三個逗號前為billion(十億)。英語中無「萬」這個詞,我們可以用「幾十個千(thousand)」表示幾萬,「幾百個千(thousand)」表示「幾十萬」。如:2,510=two thousand five hundred and ten;84,296=eighty-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six;

8.hundred,thousand,million用復數形式修飾名詞時要用「of+復數名詞」,如:數以百計的年輕人hundreds of young people;數以千計的書thousands of books。注意:hundreds of /thousands of/millions of +復數名詞,其前面不能加具體的數詞,但可加several(幾個)或 many。

Hundreds of new students is coming here

小學英語知識

一、一般現在時主要用於:

1、表示經常性或習慣性動作。

e.g. It seldom snows here.

2、表示現在的特徵或狀態。

e.g. He is always ready to help others.

3、普遍真理。

e.g. Action speaks louder than words.

4、劇情圖片介紹,背景說明,動作解說。

e.g. (Tom enters the room_and_sits at the table)

Doctor : What`s your trouble, young man?

Tom : I`ve caught a cold, doctor.

5、時間、條件、讓步、方式狀語從句表將要發生的動作時。

e.g. Tomorrow we shall go for an outing unless it rains.

與這種時態連用的時間狀語常有:

always, often, never, seldom, usually, once, a week, now 等。

二、一般過去時主要用於:

1、表示過去某個時間發生的動作或情況(包括習慣性的動作或狀態) e.g. When did you read the novel?

She often came to help us in those days.

2、談到過去的情況時

e.g. I didn`t know you were so busy.

3、談到已死人的情況時

e.g. Lei Feng was a great communist fighter.

與這個時態連用的時間狀語常有:

yesterday, last night, the other day, two months ago, in 1985, then, just now,

when, after, as soon as 引導的時間狀語從句,表示主句動作開始的時間。

❼ 小學英語入門基礎知識歸納

小學英語入門基礎知識歸納 篇1

1、字母:英文有26個字母,分成5個母音字母 a,e,i,o,u 和其餘的21個輔音字母。

2、音素:音素是英語讀音的最小單位。英語有22個母音音素和28個輔音音素。

3、音素字母:音素字母是音素的標記符號,根據英語讀音規則,精選50個字母和字母組合,代表50個音素。傳統的英語學習方法是用國際音標或K.K.音標來標記音素。比如前母音長音的標記符號,國際音標[i:],K.K.音標[i] ,音素字母[ee]。

4、音節:音節是讀音的基本單位。母音是音節的主體,母音和它前面的輔音構成不間斷音,在朗讀時不能間斷。任何單詞的讀音,都是分解為一個個音節朗讀。音節分成重讀音節、次重讀音節和輕讀音節。

1)、重讀音節:按重讀音節的讀音規則讀音,重讀的音節。

2)、次重讀音節:按重讀音節的讀音規則讀音,但不重讀的音節。

3)、輕讀音節:按輕讀音節的讀音規則讀音,不重讀的音節。

在重讀音節和次重讀音節中,根據母音字母 a,e,i,o,u 的讀音,劃分以下5種音節類型:

(1)、開音節:有三種開音節,一種叫絕對開音節,即在母音字母後沒有輔音字母,如:we

我們,no不。第二種叫相對開音節,即在母音字母後有一個輔音字母(r除外),還有一個不發音的字母e,如:name名字,like象。第三種是一個母音字母後有一個不發音的e。如:die死,keep保持。

(2)、閉音節:母音字母後有輔音字母(r除外)構成的音節。如map 地圖,bed 床。

(3)、-r音節:母音字母與輔音字母-r結合構成的音節。如:car 汽車,park 公園。

(4)、-re 音節:母音字母與 -re 結合構成的音節。如:care 照料,here 這里。

(5)、母音字母組合音節:由母音字母和母音字母組合。如:wait 等候,tea 茶。 輔音字母在單詞中的讀音不分音節類型,讀字母讀音的輔音,如:b[bee]讀[b],f[ef]讀[f]。

小學英語入門基礎知識歸納 篇2

國際音標

學習英語語音,一般採用國際音標。因為英語的拼寫與發音之間有很多不一致的地方,所以被稱為歐洲語言中拼讀最難的語種。概括起來,英語發音的復雜特點有以下幾種情況:

(1)一個字母可有多種發音。例如:

字母a的讀法有———cat//;face/ei/;father/:/;wa-ter/:/;any/e/等。

字母e的讀法有———these/i:/;toilet/i/;American/e/;student//等。

字母i的讀法有———license/ai/;which/i/等。

字母o的讀法有———photo/u/;today//;wrong//;color//;who/u:/;woman/u/等。 字母u的讀法有———ty/ju:/;mum//;ruler/u:/;put/u/等。

(2)讀同一母音,寫多種拼法。例如:

下列各詞都帶/u/音,但同音部分拼法不相同:owe,so,sew,sow,beau,toe,though,oh。 有些詞都帶有/i:/音,但拼法不同:Chinese,team,green,people等。

有些詞都帶有/ai/音,拼法卻不相同:bye,kite,right,height,behind等。 有些詞都帶有/ei/音,拼法也不一樣:eraser,today,gain,they等。

(3)兩三個字母組合發一個音。例如:

th念//或//:think/i k/,throw/r u/,there//等。

sh念//:fish/fi/,wash/w/,dish/di/等。

sch念//:schele/edju:l/,scheelite/i:lait/,schilling/ili/等。

小學英語入門基礎知識歸納 篇3

音的組合

任何一個單詞都是由音素的不同組合而成。英語中,同一音節中兩個或兩個以上相鄰的輔音結合在一起,這種結構叫做輔音群(或輔音連綴、輔音叢)。兩個、三個輔音的連綴,在英語中是普遍的。像sixths/siks z/這樣四個輔音的連綴卻比較少。英語單詞里,輔音連綴所出現的位置有一定規律,通常只出現在詞首或詞尾。值得特別注意的.是,輔音群中,輔音之間決不能夾有母音;以不發音的母音結尾的詞,朗讀時,輔音後面也不能附加母音。請注意以下幾個方面:

(1)輔音群中的輔音之間不能加上中母音//。這是初學者常

出現的錯誤,如:blue/blu:/讀成/b lu:/;flood/fl d/讀成/f l d/。這種錯誤在三個輔音組成的輔音群中更常見。又如:screen/skri:n/讀成了/sk ri:n/。漢語中,聲母/p/、/b/、/m/之後都加有母音。學英語時,這種中國式的語音習慣只有通過大量的練習來改變。練習英語發音時,我們可以將第一個輔音遮住,先讀/kri:n/,再加/s/,讀/skri:n/。

(2)在輔音+/r/的輔音群中,像/br/,/r/,/r/,初學者常把捲舌音/r/念成舌邊音/l/。如:three/ri:/念成/lui:/。其原因是兩個音在連接時舌尖沒有及時地離開齒齦,作捲舌的動作。

(3)/s/+3對爆破音,朗讀/sp/、/sk/、/st/時,清輔音/p/、/k/、/t/不能念成送氣音,而要將它們略微濁化,向/b/、//、/d/靠近。而且朗讀位於它們之前的/s/時,送氣也不能太強。

(4)在以/l/+另外一個輔音的輔音群中,有的學生不會讀濁音的/l ~ /,而用//來替代。如:film/film/讀成/fi m/,world/w:ld/讀成/w:d/。其原因是舌尖沒有抵住上齒齦,舌後部未用力。還有一種是將舌尖捲曲發成濁音的/l ~ /。這也是不正確的。

小學英語入門基礎知識歸納 篇4

英語語法入門的特殊詞類

英語語法入門的學習中,有四種比較特殊的詞類:動詞短語、介詞短語、連詞短語和從屬關聯詞。其中前三種為短語構成的詞類,在實際運用中可分別把它們作為一個動詞、一個介詞或一個連詞使用。

1、動詞短語由「動詞+介詞」或「動詞+副詞」構成,一般不再保留原動詞的意義。

2、介詞短語指由介詞和其他詞類構成的相當於一個介詞的短語。

3、連詞短語指由兩個或兩個以上的詞構成的短語,相當於一個連詞。

4、從屬關聯詞主要指引導從句的連接詞。

英語語法入門的詞類介紹

英語語法入門,了解不同的詞類是最基礎要求,詞可以表示人或事物的名稱,描述人或事物的行為、動作或狀態。它們有自己的功能特徵,共同構成了詞類。根據語法功能,詞可分為十大類:名詞、冠詞、代詞、數詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞和動詞。根據意義,詞可分為實詞和虛詞。實詞指具有實際意義並能單獨構成句子成分的詞,包括名詞、數詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞和動詞六類;虛詞指沒有實際意義或實際意義不明顯,不能單獨構成句子成分的詞,包括冠詞、介詞、連詞和感嘆詞四類。如果你想更系統的掌握英語語法入門,就來體驗一下英孚先進的學習系統,會使你的語法學習更加高效。我們的Efekta學習系統同步整合所有課程內容,幫助學生建立牢固的英語基礎。優秀的教師幫助學生獲得英語學習的技能與自信。

❽ 小學英語知識點最全整理

小學英語是我們上學後接觸的另一門語言。我們應該怎麼學習這門語言呢?下面是我為大家整理的關於小學英語知識點最全整理,希望對您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學習!

小學英語知識點最全整理

第一部分:基礎知識

1.字母:26個字母的大小寫

2.語音:

母音的發音

五個母音字母:AEIOU

12個單母音: 前母音:[i:] [ɪ] /e/ [æ]

中母音:[ɜ:] [ə]

後母音:[ɑ:] [ɒ] [ɔ:] [u :] [ʊ] [ʌ]

雙母音(8個)

Ⅰ.合口雙母音(5個)[ai] [ei] [au] [əu] [ɔi]

Ⅱ.集中雙母音(3個) [iə][εə][uə]

3.詞彙:詞彙量,近 反義詞

4. 句子 :大小寫,標點符號

第二部分:語法知識

一.名詞:名詞單復數,名詞的格

(一)名詞單復數

1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3.以「輔音字母+y」結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4.以「f或fe」結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives

5.不規則名詞復數:

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

不可數名詞的復數就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

(二)名詞的格

(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格:

a) 單數後加's 如: Lucy's ruler my father's shirt

b) 以s 結尾的復數名詞後加'如: his friends'bags

c) 不以s 結尾的復數後加's children's shoes

l並列名詞中,如果把's加在最後一個名詞後,表示共有, 如:

Tom and Mike's car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車

l要表示所有物不是共有的,應分別在並列名詞後加's

Tom’s and Mike’s cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車

(2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用「 of +名詞」來表示所有關系:如:

a picture of the classroom a map of China

第三部分:語法知識

二.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:

(1)不定冠詞:a / an a unit / an uncle

母音開頭的可數名詞前用an :

an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /

(2)定冠詞:the the egg the plane

2. 用法:

定冠詞的用法:

(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.

(2)復述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.

(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.

(4)在序數詞前: John’s birthday is February the second.

(5)用於固定片語中: in the morning / afternoon / evening

不用冠詞的情況:

(1)專有名詞前:China is a big country.

(2)名詞前有定語:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball.

(3)復數名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.

(4)在節日,日期,月份,季節前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.

(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.

(6)球類 棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.

_ 但樂器前要用定冠詞:I play the guitar very well.

(7)學科名稱前:My favorite subject is music.

(8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前:This is Mr Li.

(9)固定片語中:at noon at night by bus

第四部分:語法知識

三、代詞、形容詞、副詞

代詞:人稱代詞,物主代詞

人稱代詞物主代詞

主格賓格

第一

人稱單數I(我)memy(我的)

復數we(我們)usour(我們的)

第二

人稱單數you(你)youyour(你的)

復數you(你們)youyour(你們的)

第三

人稱單數he(他)himhis(他的)

she(她)herher(她的)

it(它)itits(它的)

復數they(他們/她們/它們)themtheir(他們的/她們的/它們的)

形容詞,副詞:比較級,最高級

(一)、形容詞的比較級

1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級後面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little來修飾表示程度。than後的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。

2.形容詞加er的規則:

⑴ 一般在詞尾加er ;

⑵ 以字母e 結尾,加r ;

⑶ 以一個母音字母和一個輔音字母結尾,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;

⑷ 以「輔音字母+y」結尾,先把y變i,再加er 。

3.不規則形容詞比較級:

good-better, beautiful-more beautiful

(二)副詞的比較級

1.形容詞與副詞的區別(有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動)

⑴在句子中形容詞一般處於名詞之前或be動詞之後

⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處於實義動詞之後

2.副詞比較級的變化規則基本與形容詞比較級相同(不規則變化:well-better, far-farther)

第五部分:語法知識

四、數詞:基數詞、序數詞

(1)1-20

one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen, sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty

(2)21-99 先說「幾十」,再說「幾」,中間加連字元。

23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one

(3)101—999先說「幾百」,再加and,再加末兩位數或末位數;

586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three

(4)l,000以上,先從右往左數,每三位數加一個「,」,第一個「,」前為thousand.第二個「,」前為million,第三個「,」前為billion

1,001→one thousand and one

18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three

6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine

750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion

序數詞

(1)一般在基數詞後加th

eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth

(2)不規則變化

one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth

(3)以y結尾的十位整數,變y為ie再加th

twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth

(4)從二十一後的「幾十幾」直至「幾百幾十幾」或「幾千幾百幾十幾」只將個位的基數詞變為序數詞。

twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth

基數詞轉為序數詞的口訣:

基變序,有規律,詞尾加上-th.

一,二,三,特殊記,詞尾字母t,d,d.

八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。

ty將y變成i,th前面有個e.

若是碰到幾十幾,前用基來後用序。

第六部分:語法知識

五、介詞:常用介詞:in, on, at, behind等

1.at表示時間概念的某一個點。(在某時刻、時間、階段等)。

at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一點鍾(黎明、午夜、中午)

2.on

1)表示具體日期。

註:(1)關於"在周末"的幾種表示法:

at(on)the weekend?在周末---特指

at(on)weekends?在周末---泛指

over the weekend?在整個周末

ring the weekend?在周末期間

(2)在 聖誕節 ,應說at Christmas?而不說on Christmas?

2)在(剛……)的時候。

On reaching the city he called up his parents.

一到城裡他就給父母打了一個電話。

3.in

1)表示"時段"、"時期",在多數情況下可以和ring互換,前者強調對比,後者強調持續。 in(ring)1988(December,the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀)

六、動詞:動詞的四種時態:

(1)一般現在時:

一般現在時的構成

1.be動詞:主語+be(am, is, are)+ 其它 。如: I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。

2. 行為動詞:主語+行為動詞(+其它)。 如: We study English. 我們 學習英語 。

當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she, it)時,要在動詞後加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。

動詞+s的變化規則

1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3.以「輔音字母+y」結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

(2)一般過去時:

動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構成規則有:

A、規則動詞

① 一般直接在動詞的後面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

② 以e結尾的動詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used

③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬於此類)

④ 雙寫最後一個字母(此類動詞較少)如 stopped

B、不規則動詞(此類詞並無規則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,

see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,

are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

(3)一般將來時:

基本結構:

①be going to + do;

②will+ do. be going to = will

I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.

(4)現在進行時: am,is,are+動詞現在分詞

動詞現在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構成規則:

① 一般的直接在後面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

② 以e 結尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing

③ 雙寫最後一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

第七部分:句法

1.陳述句

(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

(2)、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

2. 疑問句

一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用「yes」,或「no」來回答。

特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該問什麼就答什麼,不能用「yes 、no」來回答。

3.There be句型

There be 句型與have, has的區別

1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)

2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數,be 動詞用is ; 主語是復數,be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據最_近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。

3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞後加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。

4、there be句型與have(has) 的區別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。

5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用於肯定句, any 用於否定句或疑問句。

6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用於肯定句, or 用於否定句或疑問句。

7、針對數量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:

How many + 名詞復數 + are there + 介詞 短語 ?

How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?

8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:

What’s + 介詞短語?

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2. 小學英語知識點大全總結

3. 小學英語語法知識點匯總

4. 小學英語語法主要知識點總結

5. 1至六年級英語知識點梳理

❾ 小學英語學習的知識點

第一部分:基礎知識
1.字母:26個字母的大小寫
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
2.語音:母音的發音
五個母音字母:AEIOU
12個單母音: 前母音:[i:] [ɪ] /e/ [æ]
中母音:[ɜ:] [ə]
後母音:[ɑ:] [ɒ] [ɔ:] [u :] [ʊ] [ʌ]
雙母音(8個)
Ⅰ.合口雙母音(5個)[ai] [ei] [au] [əu] [ɔi]
Ⅱ.集中雙母音(3個) [iə][εə][uə]

3.詞彙:詞彙量,近反義詞
4.句子:大小寫,標點符號
2
第二部分:語法知識
一.名詞:名詞單復數,名詞的格
(一)名詞單復數
1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以「輔音字母+y」結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以「f或fe」結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不規則名詞復數:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可數名詞的復數就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

❿ 小學英語知識點大全總結

我們從小到大,都有在接觸英語,那麼你們知道一年級到六年級的英語知識點嗎?下面,我在這給大家帶來小學英語知識點大全 總結 ,歡迎大家借鑒參考!

1現在進行時

表示正在發生的事情或進行的動作,常與now,listen,look等詞連用,結構是主語+be動詞(am, is, are)+動詞ing.

如:It is raining now.

外面正在下雨

It is six o’clock now.

現在6點了

My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.

我父母正在客廳看報紙

Look! The children are having a running race now.

看!孩子們正在賽跑

問句將be動詞移前,否定句在be動詞後+not.

2一般現在時

表示經常反復發生的事情或動作,常與often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等詞連用。

結構是主語+動詞原形;當主語為第三人稱單數即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等詞時,動詞後加s或es.

如:We have an English lesson every day.

我們每天都要上英語課

Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.

男孩比女孩跑的快嗎?是的

問句藉助於do, does否定句藉助於don’t, doesn’t,後面動詞一定要還原。

3一般過去時

表示發生在過去的事情或存在的狀態,常與just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等詞連用。

結構是主語+be動詞的過去式(was; were)或主語+動詞的過去式。

注意:be動詞與動詞過去式不可同時使用。

如:My earphones were on the ground just now.

我的耳機剛剛還在呢。

Where were you last week? I was at a camp.

你上個星期去哪了?我去 野營 了

What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm

你昨天去幹嘛了?我去參觀農場了。

問句有be動詞將be動詞移前,沒有be動詞藉助於did,後面動詞還原;

否定句有be動詞在後面加not,沒有藉助於didn't後面動詞還原。

4一般將來時

表示將要打算發生的事情或動作,常與tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等詞連用。結構是主語+be(am, is, are) going to + 動原或主語+will +動原。

如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a txt.

你明天要去幹嘛?我要去野餐。

The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.

孩子們下個星期將參加運動會。

Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.

Tom今晚將和父母去看演出。

問句將be動詞或will移前;否定句在be動詞或will後加not.

5情態動詞

can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may後一定加動詞原形。

如:The girl can’t swim, but she can skate.

女孩不會 游泳 ,但是會滑冰

Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.

不要再課上說話,你應該認真聽老師講。

6祈使句

肯定祈使句以動詞原形開頭;否定祈使句以don’t加動詞原形開頭。

如:Open the box for me ,please.

請為我打開盒子。

Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.

劉濤,明天請早點起床!

Don’t walk on the grass!

不要在草地上走!

Helen! Don’t climb the tree,please.

海倫!不要爬樹。

7go的用法

去幹嘛用go +動詞ing

如: go swimming; go fishing;

go skating;

go camping;

go running;

go skiing;

go rowing…

8比較

than 前用比較級;as…as之間用原級。

如:My mother is two years younger than my father.

我媽比我爸年輕兩歲。

Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.

劉濤跳得和本一樣遠。

9喜歡做某事

用like +動詞ing或like+ to + 動原。

如:Su Yang likes growing flowers.

蘇陽喜歡種花。

The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.

孩子們喜歡在 春節 去玩花燈。

10想要做某事

用 would like +to+動原或want + to +動原。

例:I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum

11some

用於肯定句中,在否定句和問句中改為any,但當表示委婉語氣時仍用

如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?

12代詞

人稱代詞主格做主語用一般放在句首或動詞前,主格分別是 I you he she it we you they。

賓格做賓語用,一般放在動詞或介詞後

如:Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。

賓格分別是me you him her it us you them。

形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前,不能單獨使用,分別是my your his her its our your their

名詞性物主代詞相當於形物加名詞,它只能單獨使用後面不好加名詞,分別是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。

13介詞

介詞後要麼不加動詞,加動詞只能加動詞ing形式

如:be good at running;

do well in jumping;

14時間介詞

季節前,月份前用介詞in

如:in summer;in March

具體的哪一天如星期幾,幾月幾日用介詞on

如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning

在幾點鍾前用介詞at

如:at a quarter to four;

只在上下午晚上用in

如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;

但在夜間用at night。

另:季節,月份和星期前不好加the.

15名詞復數構成的 方法

有規則的有:

(1)直接在名詞後加s

如orange—oranges; photo—photos;

(2) 以x, s, sh, ch 結尾的加es

如:box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach--peaches

(3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es

如:study—studies;library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families;

(4)以f, fe結尾的改f, fe 為v+es如:knife—knives; thief—thieves(注:以o結尾的我們學過的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其餘加s,)

不規則的有:

man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—children

16動詞第三人稱單數的構成

(1)直接在動詞後加s

如:run—runs; dance—dances

(2)以s,sh,ch,o結尾的加es

如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches

(3)以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es

如:study—studies; carry—carries;

17現在分詞的構成

(1)直接在動詞後加ing

如:sing—singing; ski—skiing;

(2)雙寫詞尾加ing

如:swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running;

(3)以不發音的e結尾的去e加ing

如:ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making;

18規則動詞過去式的構成

(1)直接在動詞後加ed

如:clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;

(2)以e結尾的直接加d

如:dance—danced; taste—tasted;

(3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加ed

如:study—studied;carry—carried;

(4)雙寫詞尾加ed

如:stop—stopped; jog—jogged;

不規則的有:am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;

19形容詞副詞比較級的構成

規則的:

(1)直接在形容詞或副詞後加er

如;small—smaller; low—lower;

(2)以e結尾的加r

如:late—larer;

(3)雙寫詞尾加er

如:big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;

(4) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加er

如:heavy—heavier; early—earlier;

不規則的有:

good, well—better(最高級為best); many, much--- more(最高級為most); far---farther;

20rain與snow的用法

(1)作為名詞意思是 雨水 和雪是不可數名詞

如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那兒的春天有很多雨水。

(2) 作為動詞意思是下雨和下雪,有四種形式分別是:

動詞原形rain, snow;

第三人稱單數rains ,snows;

現在分詞raining;snowing

過去式rained;snowed;

如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。

②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天經常下雨。

③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。

④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。

(3)形容詞為rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的

如:It is often rainy here in spring.這兒的春天經常是有雨的。

If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我將呆在家裡。

21比較級

注意只有同類事物才可進行比較。

如:My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My computer is nicer than Nancy’s. My brother is stronger than me.

22have, has

表示某人有(has用於第三人稱單數);There is/ are;

There was/ were 表示某地存在有

注意There be 句型的就近原則

單數或不可數用there is /was;

復數用there are/ were.

23本身就是復數的詞

眼鏡glasses; 耳機earphones; 鞋shoes;褲子trousers等詞本身是復數。

如:My glasses were on the chair just now.

但如果表示這雙,這副,一雙的時候用單數

如:There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.

24五個母音字母分別是Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;

25一個的用法

a用於輔音前不是輔音字母前;an 用於母音前不是母音字母前。

如:There is an ’s’, a ‘t’, a ‘u’, a ‘d’ ,an ‘e’, an ‘n’,and a ‘t’ in the word ‘student’.

26時間表示法

有兩種:

(1)直接讀時鍾和分鍾。

如6:10讀成 six ten; 7:30讀成seven thirty; 8:45讀成eight forty-five;

(2)用to與past表示。

在半小時包括半小時以內用幾分past幾點

如:6:10讀成ten past six; 7:30讀成half past seven;

過了半小時用下一個鍾點差幾分

如7:45讀成a quarter to eight; 9:50讀成ten to ten;

27基數詞變序數詞的方法

基變序有規律,結尾加上th; 一二三特殊例,結尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);

八去t, 九去e, ve要用f替(即eigh—eighth; nine—ninth; five-- fifth ;twelve—twelfth);

ty改y為ie後加th別忘記(即整十數如twenty—twentieth;forty—fortieth);

幾十幾十位為基個位為序(如第二十一為twenty-first)。

另外強調序數詞前一定要加the。

28日期的表示法

用the+序數詞+ of +月

如:三月三日 the third of March;

12月25日 the 25th of December.

29both 表示兩者都

如:My parents are both teachers.

all表示三者以上都

如:The students are all very excited.

30節日的表示法

有day的節日前用on.

沒有day的節日前用at,

如:at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Year’s Day.

31激動興奮的

excited表示激動的,興奮地主語是人;

exciting表示令人激動的,令人興奮的主語是事情

如:The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.

賽跑非常令人激動,因此所有的學生都很激動。

32比較

兩者比較用比較級,三者以上比較用最高級

如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does

誰跑得更快,男孩還是女孩?男孩。

Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.

你最喜歡哪個季節?我最喜歡秋天。

Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.

你更喜歡哪個季節,夏天還是冬天?我更喜歡冬天。

33動詞還原的用法

前面用了do, does did, don’t, doesn’t didn’t後面動詞要還原。

如:Did she watch TV last night?

Helen doesn’t like taking photos.

34到了

到達用get to

但注意到家,到這兒,到那兒不可以加to

如:get home; get here; get there,

另外go home; come here; go there也一樣。

35長著和穿著

長著什麼用with

如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;

穿著什麼用in

如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人

或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的婦女

36讓某人做某事

用let sb後加動詞原形

如:Let’s water the flowers together.

是該做…的時候了用It’s time for+名詞或It’s time to +動原。

幫助某人做某事是help sb with sth

如:幫我學英語是 help me with my English

37樹上

外來的東西在樹上用in the tree

如:the bird in the tree;

樹上長的用on the tree

如:the apples on the tree

38運動和樂器

球類之前不加the;

樂器之前必須加the

如:play the piano; play football

39一周中的第一天是Sunday; 一年中的第一個月是January

40get後加比較級表示變得更怎麼樣 。如:get stronger; get longer

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