Ⅰ 河南專升本的英語的語法重點
考試重點:一般現在時(if 從句和as soon as 從句);進行時表將來;現在完成時和現在完成進行時的區別;完成時瞬間動詞以及have (has)been, have(has)gone的區別;過去完成時的時間狀語;將來完成時。
一、一般現在式:
1、表示經常發生的動作或存在的狀態:常和always, usually, often ,sometimes, every day, every week的等時間狀語連用。
例:He goes to work every day. 他每天去上班。
2、表示普遍的真理。由於是眾所周知的客觀事實,所以一般不用時間狀語。
例:The earth is round. 地球是圓的。
3、有些表示心理狀態或感情的動詞往往用一般現在時。
例:I don』t think you are right.我以為你錯了。
4、在時間、條件狀語從句中表示將來的動作:常用的連詞有as soon as,when,till,if。
(1)They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they ________their exams.
A. have finished B. finish C. finished D. was finishing(答案:B)
(2)When the mixture ______, it will give off a powerful force.
A. will heat B. will be heated C. is heated D. has heated(答案:C)
二、一般過去時:
1、表示過去的動作或狀態:常和過去時間狀語連用。just now, last year等。
例:You've already missed too many classes this term .You _____ two classes just last week.
A. missed B. would miss C. had missed D. have missed
(答案:A.有具體的時間狀語要用過去時.
2、used to do sth:過去常常做…
例:I used to take a walk in the morning.
我過去是在早晨散步。(意味著現在不在早晨散步了。)
三、一般將來時
1、will(shall)+原形動詞:表示將來的動作或狀態。
例:He will come and help you. 他會來幫助你的。
2、be going to +動詞原形:表示馬上就要發生的事情或打算好要做的事。
例:Are you going to attend the lecture? 你打算去聽這個演講嗎?
3、be to +動詞原形: 表示安排或計劃好了的動作。
例:The Third-Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day.
三環路將在國慶節前通車。
4、be about to +動詞原形:表示即將發生的動作。
5、例:The lecture is about to begin.講座即將開始。
6、某些表示開始、終結、往來行動的動詞如:go ,come, start, arrive, leave 等的現在進行時可表示將來。
(1)We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我們明天動身去北京。
(2)The foreign guests are arriving in Jinan tonight. 外賓今晚到達濟南。
四、過去將來時表示在過去預計將要發生的動作,常用於賓語從句。
例:He wanted to know when the conference would start.
他想知道會議何時開始。
五、現在進行時
1、表示此時此刻(說話時)正在進行的動作。
例:The teacher is talking with his students. 這位老師正在同他的學生交談。
2、表示現階段正在進行的動作,但此刻並不一定在進行。
例:I am attending a conference in Beijing. 我正在北京參加一個會議。
六、過去進行時
1、表示在過去某一段時間正在進行的動作。常需用表示過去的時間狀語或通過上下文來判斷時間。
例:He was doing his homework from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點到九點他正在做作業。
2、when 和while 的用法
(1)I fell and hurt myself while I _____tennis.
A. was playing B. am playing C. play D. played
(答案:A。連接詞when 表示時間上的點,其所引導的句子用過去時,while 表示持續的一段時間,其所引導的句子用過去進行時。)
(2)When you _____ this over with her, you should not see her any more.
A. talk B. talked C. will talk D. talking(答案為B)
(3)One of the guards _____ when the general came in, which made him very angry.
A. has slept B. were sleeping C.slept D. was sleeping (答案為D)
3、過去進行時表示過去將來的動作。現在進行時可以表示將來的動作,同樣,過去進行時也可以表示從過去某時間看將來要發生的動作。
例:He went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning.他去看小李。他第二天一早就要離開此地了。
七、現在完成時
1、表示動作剛剛結束(常和just, now, already, yet等詞連用);或表示動作的結果(一般不用時間狀語)。
(1)Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明剛剛把燈關上。(說明現在燈已經關上了)
(2)I have lost my pen. 我把筆丟了。(說明過去某時丟的,現在我還沒有找到這支筆。)
2、表示過去某時開始的動作一直延續到現在,並且可能會繼續延續下去(常用since引導的短語或從句,或由for 引導的短語連用)。
(1)He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在這兒已經三十年了。(現在還住在這兒)
(2)They』ve known each other since childhood. 他們從小彼此相識。(現在還繼續來往)
3、非延續性動詞的完成時和it is +時間+since…..(過去時)
英語中有些動詞不能延續, 因此不能和表示延續的時間狀語連用。
(1)He has _____ the army for ten years and is now an officer.
A. gone into B. joined in C. been in D. come into
(答案:C。用現在完成時表示「繼續」的概念時,只能用含有持續意義的動詞,不可用瞬間性動詞。)
(2)It is 3 years since I left Shanghai .我離開上海已經三年了。
(如果是非延續動詞,這時常用 it is +時間+since 的句型代替,從句用過去時態。)
4、have(has)been to 和have (has)gone to 的區別
have(has )been to:去過某地(表示某人的一種經歷),可以和once,twice,often,never,ever 連用。
have(has)gone to:去某地了(表示某人已經離開此地,在去某地的路途上或已在某地,所以一般來說此句型只用於第三人稱),此句型不能與上述時間狀語連用。
(1)He has gone to America.(意思為他已經去了美國,現在不在此地)
(2)He has been to America twice. 他去過美國兩次。
八、過去完成時
1、表示在過去的某一時間或動作之前已經完成了的動作(即過去的過去)。這個過去的某一時間可用by, before等介詞或連詞引導的短語或一個從句來表示。
例:About the sixth century A.D. when few Europeans could read, the Chinese _____ paper.
A. invented B. had invented C. have invented D. had been invented(答案:B)
2、表示從過去某一時間開始,一直持續到另一個過去的時間的動作。
例:The chemistry class _____ for five minutes when we hurried there.
A. had been on B. was on C. has been on D. would be on(答案:A)
3、在含有before, after, as soon as 等連詞引導的狀語從句的復合句中,由於連詞本身可以明確表示動作發生的先後順序,因此,主句和從句都可以用一般過去時表示,而不用過去完成時。
例:I called him as soon as I arrived.我剛一到就給他打電話。
4、過去完成時常用在no sooner …than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…,一…就…。句型之中,句子到裝。
(1)No sooner had we sat down _____ we found it was time to go.
A. than B. when C. as D. while(答案為A)
(2)Scarcely had he opened the door when a gust of wind blew the candle out.他剛打開門,蠟燭就被一陣風吹滅了。
九、將來完成時
表示在將來某一時間以前完成的動作。
1、By the time John gets home, his aunt _____.
A. will have B. leaves C. will have left D. is leaving(答案:C)
2、I _____ writing the article by the time you get back.
A. shall finish B. must have finished C. have finished D. shall have finished(答案:D)
十、現在完成進行時
表示從過去某時一直延續到現在的一個動作,這個動作一般會繼續延續下去,或是到說話時結束, 但是強調到說話時為止一直在做的動作。
例:I _____ on the door for ten minutes now without an answer.
A. was knocking B. am knocking C. knocking D. have been knocking(答案:D)
。可能對你有一點用。 在此還寫上一個口語免費測試的網站: http://blog.tianya.cn/blogger/post_read.asp?BlogID=3634767&PostID=32290924
Ⅱ 英語基礎語法知識
英語基礎語法知識大全
語法是學習英語的關鍵,下面是我分享的英語基礎語法,希望能幫到大家!
英語基礎語法知識大全
a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)
agree with sb 贊成某人
all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣
all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界
along with同……一道,伴隨…… eg : Iwill go along with you我將和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 學生同老師們一起種樹
As soon as 一怎麼樣就怎麼樣
as you can see 你是知道的
ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的東西) eg : ask you for my book
ask sb for sth 向某人什麼
ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
at the age of 在……歲時 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的開始
at the end of +地點/+時間 最後;盡頭;末尾 eg : At the end of the day
at this time of year 在每年的這個時候
be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什麼有信心,自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
be + doing 表: 現在進行時 將來時
be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能夠…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing
be able to do sth 能夠干什麼 eg :she is able to sing
be afraid to do (of sth 恐懼,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed togo out at night I'm afraid of dog
be allowed to do 被允許做什麼
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允許看電視 I should be allowedto watch TV 我應該被允許看電視
be angry with sb 生某人的'氣 eg : Don't be angry with me
be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 為什麼而生某人的氣
be as…原級…as 和什麼一樣 eg : Sheis as tall as me 她和我一樣高
be ashamed to
be away from 遠離
be away from 從……離開
be bad for 對什麼有害 eg : Reading books in the sun isbad for your eyes 在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好
be born 出生於
be busy doing sth 忙於做什麼事 be busy with sth 忙於……
be careful 當心;小心
be different from…… 和什麼不一樣
be famous for 以……著名
befriendly to sb 對某人友好
be from = come from 來自 eg :Heis from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come fromBejing ?
be full of 裝滿……的 be filledwith 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass isfilled with water
be glad+to+do/從句
be going to + v(原) 將來時
be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善長, 善於……
be good for 對什麼有好處 eg : Reading aloud is good foryour English
be happy to do 很高興做某事
be helpful to sb 對某人有好處
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大聲朗讀對你有好處
Exercising is helpful to your bady 鍛煉對你的身體有好處
be in good health 身體健康
be in trouble 處於困難中 eg : She is in trouble They arein tronble
be interested in 對某方面感興趣
be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
be the same as … 和什麼一樣
be used to doing sth 習慣做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習慣早He isused to sleeping in class 他習慣上課睡覺
be worth doing 值得做什麼
be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句
because+句子 because of +短語
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
begin to do = start to do 開始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以什麼開始什麼
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
between…and… 兩者之間
borrow sth from sb 向……借……lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借給……什麼東西
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
bother 打擾 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打擾你,但是你能告訴我怎麼去車站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 這個問題困擾了我幾個周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
by the end of 到……為止
callsb sth eg : We call him old wang
care 關心 eg : Don't you care about this country'sfuture ?你為什麼不關心國家的未來
catch up with sb 趕上某人
chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to + 地點 帶某人去某地
come in 進
come over to 過來
come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea你能想出一個好辦法嗎?
communicate with sb 和某人交流
consider + doing 考慮做什麼 eg : Why not consider goingto lu zhou 為什麼不考慮去瀘州?
dance to 隨著……跳舞 eg : Shelikes dancing to the music 她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞
decide to do sth 決定做某事
do a survey of 做某方面的調查
do better in 在……方面做得更好
do wrong 做錯
Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事
Don't mind +doing /從句 /名詞 不要介意……
each +名(單)每一個…eg : Each student has many books 每一個學生都有一些書
end up +doing
enjoy +doing喜歡
escape from 從……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人從監獄里逃跑出來
expect to do sth 期待做某事
fall down 摔下來 fall off 從哪摔下來
fall in love with sb/sth 愛上什麼
far from 離某地遠 eg : The school is far from my home
find +it +adj +to do 發現做某事怎麼樣
find sb/sth +adj 發現什麼怎麼樣 eg : I find the bookinteresting
finish 完成+doing(名詞)
fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人
forget to do 沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to gohome I forget closing door
from…to… 從某某到某某 eg: Fromme for her
get /have sth down 做完,被(別人)做…eg: I have my hair cut我理了發(頭發被剪了)
Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了(被牙醫拔掉了)
get a part-time job= find a part-time job
get along well with sb = geton well with sb 與某人相處得好
get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處
getready for = be ready for為什麼而准備eg : I get ready for mathI am ready for math
get sb in to trouble 給某人麻煩
get sb to do sth
get…from… 從某處得到某物
give a talk 做報告 eg: He is give a tall
give sth to sb give sb sth 給某人某物
go fish 釣魚 go swimming 游泳
go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 繼續做這件事
go out away from go out of
go to school 上學(用於專業的)go to the school 去學校(不一定是上學)
good way to 好方法
hate to do 討厭沒做過的事 hate doing 討厭做過的事
have a party for sb 舉辦誰的晚會
have a talk 聽報告談一談
have been doing 現在完成進行時 eg : You have been talkingYou have been sleeping since
have been to …( 地方)……去過某過地方have gone to …(地方) 去了某地還沒回來
have fun +doing 玩得高興
have sth to do 有什麼事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作業要做 I havenothing to do 我沒什麼事情做
have to do sth 必須做某事
have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什麼事情有麻煩
have…time +doing
have…(時間)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我請一個月得假
hear sb +do/doing 聽見某人做某事/正在做某事
be late for = come late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到
be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
be mad at 生某人的氣
be made from 由……製成(製成以後看不見原材料)
be made of 由……製成(製成以後還看得見原材料)
be not sure 表不確定
be on a visit to 參觀
be popular with sb 受某人歡迎
be quiet 安靜
be short for 表**的縮寫 eg: 陶 is shortfor 陶俊傑
be sick in bed 生病在床
be sorry to do sth be sorryfor sb eg : I am sorry for you
be sorry to hear that
be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
be strict in doing sth 嚴於做某事 eg : He's strict inobeying noles
be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格 eg: Some students are notstrict with them selves 這些學生對自己不嚴格
be strict with sb in sth 某方面對某人嚴格
be supposed todo 被要求干什麼
be sure 表確定
be sure of doing sth 對做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
be sure of sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (myteacher 我相信我的大腦(老師)
be sure that sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he canpass the test 我相信他能通過考試
be sure to do sth一定會做某事eg: We are sure to pass thetest 我們一定會通過這次考試 We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學好英語
be terrified of + 名/動doing 害怕……
help a lot 很大用處
help sb with sth one's sth 幫助某人某事(某方面) help sb(to) do sth 幫助某人做某事
hope to do sth 希望做某事
How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
how do you like = what do you think of 你對什麼的看法
if : 是否=wether
eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應該去參加晚會
He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我們明天早上是否能准時到達
if :如果,假如(全部接一般時態)+條件語態從句
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去瀘州
If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他們要改變計劃,他們會讓我知道的
I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足夠的錢,我就要去英國
in one's opinion = sb think 某人認為
in some ways 在某些方面
in the end = finally(adv) 最後
in the north of… 什麼在什麼的北方 (north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east東 )
in the sun 在太陽下
increase 增加
eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by % 他們把石油價增加了%
the population has increased from million ten years ago to million now
instead of +(名 ) 代替
eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要蘋果,而不要梨子
I like English instead of math 我喜歡英語而不喜歡數學
introce sb to sb 介紹某人給某人 introce oneself 自我介紹
invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事
It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少時間
eg : It took me minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook
It's +adj +for sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事怎麼樣
It's +adj +to do 做某事怎麼樣
It's +adj for sb 對於某人來說怎麼樣 It's +adj of sb 對某人來說太怎麼樣
It's +adj(for sb) to do(對某人來說) 做某事怎麼樣 It's +adj ofsb to do sth 對某人來說做某事太怎麼樣
eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English
It's a good idea for sb to do sth 對…… 來說是個好主意
It's important to sb 對某人來說很重要 eg: It's important tome
It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了該去做某事的時間
eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 該去上課了
join = take part in 參加
just now 剛才
keep +sb /sth +adj /介詞短語 讓什麼保持什麼樣?
keep out 不讓 …… 進入
keep sb adj 讓……保持…… eg: Iwant to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康
key to +名詞 表示:某物的鑰匙或某題的答案
key to… anser to … key 可以是答題或鑰匙
laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't langh at others Welanghed at the joke
learn by oneslfe 自學
learn from sb 向某人學習 eg: We should learn from LeiFeng
learn to do sth 學做某事
let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
Let sb down 讓某人失望 eg : Weshouldn't let our farents down 我們不應該讓我們的父母失望
live from :離某地遠
live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan
look after = take care of 照顧 照看
lose one's way 誰 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路
;Ⅲ 初中英語語法知識點歸納總結
初中英語語法是學習英語最基礎的語法了,下面我為大家總結了初中英語語法知識點歸納,僅供大家參考。
一般現在時的用法
1) 經常性或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如:
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。
2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學事實。例如:
The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。
3) 表示格言或警句。例如:
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意:此用法如果出現在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如:
比較:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。
一般過去時的用法
1)在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如:時間狀語有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
2)表示在過去一段時間內,經常性或習慣性的動作。
3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"。例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。 It is time that sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" ,例如It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事'。例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時,作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等,而一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去,現已不復存在。例如:I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較一般過去時與現在完成時
1)一般過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。
2)一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆為具體的時間狀語。
現在完成時的時間狀語:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不確定的時間狀語。
共同的時間狀語:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3)現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。
以上就是我為大家總結的 初中英語 語法知識點歸納,僅供參考,希望對大家有所幫助。
Ⅳ 六年級英語語法知識點知識總結
英語語法的學習,有利於我們更好的掌握英語基礎。下面就讓我給大家分享一些 六年級英語 語法知識點吧,希望能對你有幫助!
六年級英語語法知識點篇一
一.名詞:名詞單復數,名詞的格
(一)名詞單復數
1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不規則名詞復數:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可數名詞的復數就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
六年級英語語法知識點篇二
(一)、形容詞的比較級
1、形容詞比較級在 句子 中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級後面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a
little來修飾表示程度。than後的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
2.形容詞加er的規則:
⑴ 一般在詞尾加er ;
⑵ 以字母e 結尾,加r ;
⑶ 以一個母音字母和一個輔音字母結尾,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;
⑷ 以“輔音字母+y”結尾,先把y變i,再加er 。
3.不規則形容詞比較級:
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
(二)副詞的比較級
1.形容詞與副詞的區別 (有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動)
⑴在句子中形容詞一般處於名詞之前或be動詞之後
⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處於實義動詞之後
2.副詞比較級的變化規則基本與形容詞比較級相同 (不規則變化:well-better, far-farther)
句法
1.陳述句
(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
(2)、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
2. 疑問句
一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用“yes”,或“no”來回答。
特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該
問什麼就答什麼,不能用“yes 、no”來回答。
3.There be句型
There be 句型與have, has的區別
1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)x kb 1.c om
2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數,be 動詞用is ; 主語是復數,be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據最*近be 動
詞的那個名詞決定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞後加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。
4、there be句型與have(has) 的區別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用於肯定句, any 用於否定句或疑問句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用於肯定句, or 用於否定句或疑問句。
7、針對數量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:
How many + 名詞復數 + are there + 介詞 短語 ?
How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?
8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:
What’s + 介詞短語?
六年級英語語法知識點篇三
(二)名詞的格
(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格:
a) 單數後加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) 以s 結尾的復數名詞後加 ’如: his friends’ bags
c) 不以s 結尾的復數後加 ’s children’s shoes
並列名詞中,如果把 ’s加在最後一個名詞後,表示共有, 如:l
Tom and Mike’s car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車
要表示所有物不是共有的,應分別在並列名詞後加’sl
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車
(2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用“ of +名詞”來表示所有關系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:
(1)不定冠詞:a / an a unit / an uncle
母音開頭的可數名詞前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress /
an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an
exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(2)定冠詞:the the egg the plane
2. 用法:
定冠詞的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
(2)復述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.
(4)在序數詞前: John’s birthday is February the second.
(5)用於固定片語中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠詞的情況:
(1)專有名詞前:China is a big country.
(2)名詞前有定語:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:
This is my baseball.
(3)復數名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在節日,日期,月份,季節前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球類 棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
但樂器前要用定冠詞:I play the guitar very well.
(7)學科名稱前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前:This is Mr Li.
(9)固定片語中:at noon at night by bus
看了六年級英語語法知識點的人還看:
1. 大學英語六級語法知識點
2. 六年級英語上冊語法復習知識
3. 關於六年級英語句子語法
4. 新人教版六年級上冊英語單元復習資料
5. 日常常用英語語法知識
6. 小學英語語法大全及練習
Ⅳ 誰能幫我總結一下河南中考英語必備片語、語法。
餓
不好
一名詞 (一) 知識概要 名詞的概念在不同的語法教課書中有不同的解釋和分類方法,但就實際應用來講還是不要過分地追求其理論概念,而更多的要把注意力放在其應用上來。我們不妨把它分為兩大類:專有名詞與普通名詞。顧名思義,專有名詞是指:個人、事物、機關等所專有的名稱,如,the Great Wall, America…它們是不能隨意變動的。而普通名詞中則包括個體名詞,如pen, worker…它表示單一的個體人或事物;集體名詞,如:family,class, team,它表示的是由若干個個體組成的集合體;物質名詞,如:water,paper…它表示的是一種物質,原材料;而後一種是抽象名詞,如:work, time…它表示著一種在實際生活中看不見、摸不到,但卻與實際生活緊密相關的某些動作、狀態、品質的抽象概念。見下表。 名詞一覽表 種類 專有名詞 London, John, the Communist Party of China 普 通 名 詞 類名詞 nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table 集體名詞 class, family, army, police, team, people 物質名詞 water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand 抽象名詞 happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest 功用 主語 My family is now in New York. 表語 His father is a scientist. 賓語 We love our great motherland. 賓語補足語 He made London the base for his work. 定語 The girls are making paper flowesrs. 狀語 The car cost him 1000 dollars. 同位語 Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here. 名詞在使用中的難點在於名詞的數,即可數名詞與不可數名詞的實際應用。不可數名詞不能用數字計算,所以它通常只有單數形式。它包含有專有名詞、物質名詞、抽象名詞等,如:English,air,water,cotton,work…可數名詞是可以用數量加以計算的名詞,所以它具有單數形式和復數形式兩種。可數名詞復數形式的構成規律是: 1. 一般情況加s,如:pen—pens, doctor—doctors,boy—boys,其讀音規則是在清輔音後讀[s],在母音和濁輔音後讀[z]。 如:map—map , boy—boys. 2. 在以s,sh,ch,x結尾的名詞後面加es,如:bus—buses,class—classes,其讀音為[iz]。 3. 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge結尾的名詞加s,其讀音為[iz]。 4. 以輔音字母加y結尾的名詞,要將y變為i再加es,讀作[z],如:factory—factories,country—countries, family—families.但要注意的是以母音字母加y結尾的名詞的復數形式只加s,如:boy—boys,day—days。 5. 以o結尾的名詞的復數形式一般要加es,但如果o前面是母音字母或外來詞,縮寫詞以o結尾的則只加s,如:tomato—tomatoes,hero—heroes;photo—photos,radio—radios,piano—pianos 6. 以f或fe結尾的名詞的復數形式要將f或fe變為v再加es,如:knife—knives, leaf—leaves, 但有些例外的詞如roof的復數形式是roofs。 7. 不規則名詞的復數形式是要單個記憶的,它沒有規律可循,如:man—men,woman—women, child—children, foot—feet,tooth—teeth, mouse—mice
Ⅵ 小學英語基礎語法知識
小學英語基礎語法知識大全
基礎英語是英語入門者所必須學習的內容,基礎英語是否學得好,關繫到以後英語進階學習的學習效果。下面是我整理的關於英語基礎語法知識大全,希望大家認真閱讀!
一、定義與分類
名詞是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名稱的詞。根據名詞的詞彙意義,通常可將其分為專有名詞和普通名詞。專有名詞表示人、地方、組織、機構等的專有名稱,專有名詞的第一個字母通常大寫;普通名詞表示人、物、概念等的一般名稱。普通名詞根據其語法性質可分為個體名詞、物質名詞、集合名詞和抽象名詞四類。
二、名詞復數的構成方法
1. 在一般情況下,加詞尾 –s;而以 s, x, z, sh, ch 等結尾的名詞,通常加詞尾 –es。如:
desk / desks 課桌 class / classes 班,課
box / boxes 盒子 dish / dishes 盤子
註:stomach / stomachs(胃)是例外。
2. 以y 結尾的名詞,其復數構成要分兩種情況:以“輔音字母+y”結尾的名詞,將 y 改為 ies;以“母音字母+y”結尾的名詞,直接加詞尾-s;以 f 或 fe 結尾的名詞,也有兩種可能:即有些直接加詞尾-s,有些則把 f / fe 改為 ves:
family / families 家 key / keys 鑰匙
thief / thieves 賊 wolf / wolves 狼
註:在中學英語范圍內,要改 f / fe 為 ves 的只有以下10個詞(它們都是日常生活中的常用詞):wife(妻子),life(生命),knife(小刀),leaf(樹葉),thief(賊),half(一半),self(自己),shelf(架子),loaf(麵包),wolf(狼)。
3. 以 o 結尾的名詞,有些加詞尾 -s,有些加-es,有些加-s或-es均可:
kilo / kilos 公斤 hero / heroes 英雄 zero / zero(e)s 零
註:在中學英語范圍內,加詞尾-es 的主要有以下4個:tomato(西紅柿),potato(土豆),hero(英雄),Negro(黑人)。
三、單數與復數同形的名詞
sheep 綿羊 fish 魚
deer 鹿 Chinese 中國人
Japanese 日本人 Portuguese 葡萄牙人
Swiss 瑞士人 aircraft 飛行器
means 方法 series 系列
head (牛等的)頭數 works 工廠
註:fish 有時也用 fishes 這樣的復數形式,尤其是表示種類時;head 若不是表示牲口的“頭數”,而是表示“人的頭”或“人數”,則要用 heads 這樣的復數形式。
四、不規則的復數名詞
man / men 男人 woman / women 女人
child / children 小孩 tooth / teeth 牙齒
foot / feet 腳 goose / geese 鵝
mouse / mice 老鼠 ox / oxen 公牛
五、名詞的'可數性
名詞根據其可數性可分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。這兩類名詞的主要特點如下:
1. 可數名詞的用法特點:可以有復數形式;可直接在其前使用不定冠詞或數詞;可受 these, those, few, a few, many, a good [great] many, a great [good] number of 等修飾。如:
There are five rooms in the apartment. 公寓里有五間房。
There were many things to be done. 有很多事情要做。
A large number of students are Asians. 很多學生是亞洲人。
2. 不可數名詞的用法特點:通常沒有復數形式;其前不可直接用不定冠詞或數詞;可用(a) little, much, a great deal, a lot of, plenty of, a large amount of, a large quantity of, some, any 等修飾;要表示數量不可在前面直接加數詞,而要用 a piece of 之類的結構。如:
Knowledge is power. 知識就是力量。
They haven't much furniture. 他們沒有多少傢具。
He lost a great quantity of blood. 他大量失血。
六、不可數名詞與可數名詞的轉化
有的不可數名詞在某些特殊情況下可轉化為可數名詞,如:
1. 有些物質名詞表示不同種類或表示“一杯 / 罐 / 瓶”等數量意義時,可用作可數名詞。如:
It was a special tea. 這是一種特別的茶。
She brought us three coffees. 她給我們端來三杯咖啡。
2. 有些抽象名詞表示具體的事物時,可用作可數名詞。如:
The party was a great success. 晚會非常成功。
3. 有些由動詞思轉化來的名詞,表示“一場 / 陣 / 件…”時,可受不定不定冠詞的修飾(此時通常有形容詞或 of 短語修飾)。如:
A heavy snow was falling. 下著一場大雪。
I’d better go and have a wash now. 我還是現在去洗個澡。
七、名詞的所有格
名詞的所有格表示所屬關系,它分-’s 所有格和 of 所有格兩種形式。
1. -’s所有格的構成方法為:對於單數名詞和不帶詞尾-s的復數名詞,直接在其後加 -’s構成;對於帶詞尾-s的復數名詞只加省字撇(’)。如:
Jim’s parents 吉姆的父母 men’s club男子俱樂部
the teachers’ office 教師辦公室
註:用and連接的並列名詞的所有格要分兩種情況,即表示各自的所有關系時,要分別在並列名詞後加-’s,表示共同的所有關系時,只在最後一個名詞後加-’s:
Jack’s and Mike’s rooms 傑克和邁克(各自)的房間
Jack and Mike’s room傑克和邁克(共同)的房間
2. -’s所有格的用法:-’s 所有格通常用於有生命者,但有時也可用於無生命的東西,如用於表時間或距離的名詞後,用於表示國家、城市、組織機構等的名詞後等。如:
Where’re today’s papers? 今天的報紙在哪裡?
What’s your government’s policy? 你們政府的政策是什麼?
It is the country’s biggest city. 它是這個國家最大的城市。
3. of 所有格即指在名詞後使用 of 短語來表示所有關系,它既可用於有生命的人或物,也可用於無生命的東西。如:
We all like the son of Mr Green. 我們都喜歡格林先生的兒子。
I’ll never forget the beauty of the lake. 我永遠不會忘記那座湖的美麗。
註:of 所有格有時可以與-’s 所有格互換。如:
That man’s name is interesting. = The name of that man is very interesting. 那個人的名字很有趣。
4. 雙重所有格。雙重所有格就是指同時既使用 -’s 所有格又使用 of 所有格。如:
a friend of my father’s 我父親的一位朋友
a photo of Mr Smith’s 史密斯先生的一張照片
註:被雙重所有格修飾名詞前有指示代詞時,通常帶有一定的感彩(如贊賞、不滿、厭惡等)。如:
That little daughter of your cousin’s is really lovely. 你表哥的那個小女兒真是可愛。(表贊賞)
That daughter of your cousin’s is constantly complaining. 你表哥的那個女兒老是在報怨。(表厭惡)
另外,有時是否使用雙重所有格會導致意義的變化。比較:
a photo of Mr Smith’s 史密斯先生收藏的一張照片
a photo of Mr Smith 史密斯先生照的一張照片
;Ⅶ 高一英語語法大全
高一英語語法是學習整個高中英語語法的開始,也關繫到整個高中英語語法的基礎好壞,那麼高一英語語法有哪些內容呢?下面由我為大家整理的高一英語語法大全,希望對大家有所幫助!
高一英語語法大全
虛擬語氣在各種從句的應用
主語從句的虛擬
1. It is + adj. + that sb. (should) do
常見的形容詞有:necessary, important, strange, natural
It's important that he take my advice.
2. It is + n. + that sb. (should) do
常見的名詞有:a pity, a shame, no wonder, one's wish
It's a pity that he be so silly.
3. It is + done + that sb. (should) do
常見的過去分詞有:suggested, advised, demanded, requested, required, asked, ordered,
proposed, decided, desired, insisted等。
It's requested that she go home as soon as possible.
賓語從句的虛擬
1. 表命令,表建議,表要求的動詞,後接賓語從句虛擬。虛擬的構成為(should) do。
I advise that he stay at home.
2. wish後接從句,虛擬的構成是往過去推一個時態。
I wish I had watched the football match last night.
注意以下幾組詞或短語用於虛擬語氣中。
1. as if, as though
He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.
2. otherwise, but, even though
He was ill. Otherwise he would have been there.
3. with, without, but for
Without your help, I would have died two years ago.
But for your help, I would have died two years ago.
4. would rather I'd rather you told me yourself.
5. It's time that
It's time that you went to bed.
It's time that you should go to bed.
表語從句中的虛擬
在表語從句中,表示間接的命令,要求、請求、建議、決定等,主句中的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。從句謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如:
His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
名詞從句部分
1. that不可省略的情況
2. that引導同位語從句和that引導定語從句的區別:同位語從句中的that是連詞,不做成分,只連接主從句,不能省略;定語從句中的that要代替先行詞在從句中做主語、賓語或者表語,並且做賓語時可以省略。從語義上看,同位語從句是對前面名詞的解釋、說明或內容;而定語從句時對前面名詞的限定。
We should consider the students’request that the school library provide more books on
popular science. (that引導同位語從句)
The only hope that he expressed was that they would do what they could to help the people
in disaster areas. (that引導定語從句)
3. 要根據句子結構尤其是謂語動詞判斷從句的類型:
What is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
本句含有一個主語從句和一個表語從句,主句的動詞為is。
It is known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
本句含有一個主語從句,主句的動詞為is known to。
As is known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
本句含有一個定語從句,主句的動詞為took place,as引導非限制性定語從句。
4. 名詞性從句的語序和語態。
名詞性從句均應用陳述語序,不能用疑問語序,其時態應該和主句時態保持一致。
5. 名詞性從句中連詞的省略。
介詞後的連詞以及引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。that引導名詞從句(除了引導第一個賓語從句可省略外)都不可省略,但是引導定語從句並在從句中做賓語時可以省略。
that不能省略的情況:
1)介詞後面的that不能省略:
Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.
2)當that引導的賓語從句位於句首時:
That he ever did such a thing I don’t believe.
3)主句謂語動詞和that從句之間有插入語,that不省略:
She said that, if she failed, she would try again.
4)當賓語從句有其他從屬連詞時,that不省略:
He told me that if it was necessary they would work extra time.
6.名詞性從句中it的使用:
為了保持句子平衡,多數情況下,it作形式主語或形式賓語,將真正的主語或賓語從句後置。
定語從句
關系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, that, as,和關系副詞when, where, why。
(1)that指物時一般可與which互換,但在下列情況下,要用that而不用which。
a. 先行詞有all, everything等不定代詞時,如,
Everything (that) he did is wrong.
b. 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時,如,
I'll read all the books (that) you lend me.
c. 先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時,
This is the first letter (that) the boy has written.
d. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時,如
He is the very man (that) I'm looking for.
e. 只用which的情況
在介詞後或在非限定性定語從句中
This is the book about which we have talked a lot.
The book, which he gave me yesterday, is very interesting.
f. where和when作關系副詞
This is the room where I worked.
This is the room which I stayed in.
I remembered the day when we lived there.
I remembered the day that I spent there.
g. as和which
as 可以放於句首,而which 不可以
As you know, he is good at English.
three of them 和three of which
I have a lot of books, three of which are in Russian.
I have a lot of books and three of them are in Russian.
(2. )“介詞+關系代詞”的情況:
在固定短語中介詞不能提前;判斷介詞的口訣:瞻前顧後看意義
瞻前——看先行詞;顧後——找從句動詞;看意義——看全句表達含義
(3. )先行詞在從句中充當地點狀語時,關系詞用where 或者介詞加which;先行詞在從句中充當時間狀語時,關系詞用when或者介詞加which;先行詞在從句中充當原因狀語時,關系詞用why或者for which。
(4. )注意as和which在非限制性定語從句中代表主句所表達的內容的區別:
位置不同:as從句放在主句前或後均可;而which從句只能放在主句後
作用不同:as從句動詞常常是see know等,因而相當於插入語;which從句則在陳述一件事實。
狀語從句部分
1.while 是高考中的高頻詞,它既可引導時間狀語從句,又可引導並列句,還可引導讓步狀語從句,表示“盡管”。
2. no matter wh- 與wh-ever 的聯系及區別:no matter wh- 只引導讓步狀語從句,此時與wh-ever通用。wh-ever又可引導名詞性從句,No matter wh-不能。
No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party.
3. 在條件,時間和讓步從句中,用一般現在時表示一般將來時,用現在完成時表將來完成時,
用一般過去時表過去將來時。在since 引導的時間狀語從句中,動詞一般都用一般過去時,而主句常用現在完成時。
4. 狀語從句的倒裝一般有下面幾種情況:①否定詞開頭;②so 加adj. 開頭;③as /
though引導的讓步狀語從句。
5. 連詞before小結:
We had sailed four days before we saw land. (……才)
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. (不到……就)
Please write it down before you forget it. (趁……)
Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. (還沒來得及)
It will be/was…before…要過多久才……
6. because, since, as 引導原因從句的區別:because表達直接原因,語氣最強,回答why;
since通常放句首,譯為“既然”;as引導不談自明的原因,語氣最弱;
7. as可以引導多種從句,要注意其中的區別。
8. till, until和not…until的區別;if和unless的區別。
非謂語動詞部分
動詞不定式幾點注意。
1.下列動詞或動詞短語後接不定式:agree, seem, appear, offer, happen, wish, hope, pay,
expect, long, plan, intend, promise, pretend, decide, afford, manage, choose, be said to,
would like to等。
2. 不定式常用的句型:too…to do (太……而不能), …enough to do…(夠……就能
……), so as to do/in order to do(為了……),so…as to do/such…as to do(如
此……結果……)。
3. 不定式的三個結構:即否定結構、復合結構和疑問結構。
否定結構為“not (never) to do”;疑問結構是特殊疑問詞“how (what, which, who, whether…) to do”;復合結構是“for/ of +名詞(或代詞賓格)+ to do ”。
4. let/ make/ have/ see/ hear/ notice/ observe/ listen to/ look at/ watch/feel
這些動詞帶不定式作賓補時,省掉to, 若這些動詞以被動形式出現時,應加上to。
5. 當前面是the first, the second, the last, need, plan, time, chance, right,determination,
ability, opportunity(機會),way時,一般用不定式作定語。
6. but/ except + to do/ do 結構,要根據謂語動詞來確定其後面的形式。當謂語動詞是do,
does, did時,but後用動詞原形;謂語動詞是其他動詞時,but後用“to + 動詞原形”的形式。
7. 形容詞後一般用不定式(除busy, worth 兩個外)。
You are sure to succeed. 你一定能成功。
He is busy preparing his lessons at present. 他現在正忙於預習功課。
8. 不定式作定語和表語時,有時需要在後面放上一個適當的介詞。
This is a bench to sit on.(這是用來坐的凳子。)
This room is comfortable to live in. (這個房間住起來很舒適。)
9. 在“主語+系動詞+adj.+不定式”這個句型中,當主語是不定式的邏輯賓語時,不定式不用被動,不能在動詞後再放賓語。
The question is easy to answer. (question是answer的賓語,不能說:The question is easy to be answered. 也不能說:The question is easy to answer it .)
包含高中英語全部語法的13個句型
1. as 句型
(1) as引導方式狀語從句句型:“按照……;正如……”
例:As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.
正如(像) 你們國家一樣,我們北方種植小麥,南方種植水稻。
(2) as+形容詞/副詞原級+(a /an)+名詞+as ; 否定式:not as/so --- as
例:He is as good a player as his sister.
他和他姐姐一樣是位優秀的運動員。
(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致於……
例:She is such a fool as to believe what he said.
她是一個如此的一個笨蛋以致相信了他所說的話。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致於……
例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
他是如此的強壯以致於能提起那重箱子。
(5) such...as... 象……之類的…… (接名詞或定語從句)
例:He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.
他希望成為一個像雷鋒這樣的人。
(6) the same +名詞+as 和……一樣的…… (接名詞或定語從句)
例:He is not the same man as he used to be.
他不是從前的那樣子了。
(7) as 引導非限制性定語從句
例:As is known to us, knowledge is power.
眾所周知,知識就是力量。
(8)引導時間狀語從句,與while意義相近
例:We get wiser as we get older.
隨著我們長大,我們也變得越來越聰明。
(9) 引導原因狀語從句,與 because的用法相近
例:As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.
因為越來越遲了,所以我們不久就回來了。
(10) 引導讓步狀語從句
例:Child as he is, he knows much about science.
盡管他是一個小孩,但他對科學了解得很多。
2. prefer 句型
(1) prefer to do sth
例:I prefer to stay at home.
我寧願呆在家裡。
(2) prefer doing sth
例:I prefer playing in defence.
我喜歡打防守。
(3) prefer sb to do sth
例:Would you prefer me to stay?
你願意我留下來嗎?
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth… 寧願…...而不願...
例句:I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
我寧願呆在家裡而不願出去.
(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
例:I prefer watching football to playing it.
我喜歡看籃球,不喜歡打籃球。
(6) prefer sth to sth
例:I prefer tea to coffee.
我要茶不要咖啡。
3. when 句型
(1) was/were doing sth...when...
例:He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑著的時候門突然開了,他妻子走了進來。
(2) was/were about to do sth ... when ...
例:We were about to start when it began to rain.
我們剛要出發,天就開始下雨了。
(3) had just done ... when ...
例:I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.
在勞累了一天之後我剛剛就寢,電話鈴就響了。
4. seem 句型
(1) It +seems + that從句
例:It seemed that everyone was satisfied.
看來好像每個人都很滿意。
(2) It seems to sb that ...
例:It seems to me that she is right.
我看她是對的,
(3) There seems to be ...
例:There seems to be a heavy rain.
看上去要有一場大雨。
(4) It seems as if ...
例:It seemed that she couldn't come to class.
看樣子她不能來上課了。
5. 表示“相差……; 增加了……; 增加到……”的句型
(1) She is taller than I by three inches.
她比我高三英寸
(2) There is one year between us.
我們之間相差一歲。
(3) She is three years old than I.
她比我大三歲。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%.
他們把價格上漲了50%
(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.
他的工資已經漲到了每月10,000元。
6. what 引導的名詞性從句
(1) what 引導主語從句
例:What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.
讓我吃驚的是每個人似乎對她都很冷淡。
[ indifferent adj.不關心的;冷漠的]
(2) what 引導賓語從句
例:We can learn what we do not know.
我們能學會我們不懂的東西。
(3) what 引導表語從句
例:That is what I want.
那正是我所要的。
(4) what 引導同位語從句
例:I have no idea what they are talking about.
我不知道他們正在談論什麼。
7. too句型
(1) too ... to do ...
例:Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)
政治太重要了,不能由政治家來決定。
(2) only too ... to do ...
例:I shall be only too pleased to get home.
我要回到家裡就非常高興。
(3) too + adj + for sth
例:These shoes are much too small for me.
我穿這雙鞋太小了。
(4) too + adj + a + n.
例:This is too difficult a text for me.
這篇課文對我來說太難了。
(5) can't … too +形容詞 無論……也不為過
例:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我們再怎麼強調保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。
8. where 句型
(1) where 引導的定語從句
例:This is the house where he lived last year.
這就是他去年住過的房子。
(2) where 引導的狀語從句
例:Where there is a will,there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
He left his key where he could find.
他將鑰匙放在易找到的地方。
I will go where I want to go.
我要去我想去的地方。
(3) where 引導的表語從句
例:This is where you are wrong.
這正是你錯的地方。
9. wish 句型
(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人現在做某事
例:I wish I were as strong as you.
我希望和你一樣強壯。
(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人過去做某事
例: I wish you had told me earlier
要是你早點告訴我就好了。
(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人將來做某事
例:I wish you would succeed this time.
我希望你這次會成功。
10. would rather 句型
(1) would rather do sth than do sth 寧願做……而不願做……
例:She would rather die than turn against his motherland.
她寧可死也不去背叛祖國。
(2) would rather have done sth 寧願過去做過某事
例:I would rather have taken his advice.
我寧願過去接受他的意見。
(3) would rather sb had done sth 寧願某人過去做過某事
例:I would rather I had passed the examination last week.
我真希望通過上星期的考試。
(4) would rather sb did sth 寧願某人現在或將來做某事
例: Who would you rather went with you?
你寧願誰和你一起去?
11. before 句型
(1) before sb can/ could … 某人還沒來得及……
例:Before I could get in a word ,he had measured me.
我還沒來得及插話,他就給我量好了尺寸。
(2) It will be +時間+ before + 還有多長時間……
例:It will be 4 years before he graates.
他還有四年時間變畢業了。
(3) had done some time before (才……)
例:We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
我們航行了四天四夜才見到陸地。
(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……
例:We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
我們還沒走到一英里路就覺得累了。
(5) It was not +一段時間+ before 不多久就……
例:It wasn’t two years before he left the country.
還沒到兩年他們離開了那國家。
12. 強調句型
(1) It is /was +被強調部分+that(who)...
例:It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.
是我昨天給我叔叔寫信的。
(2) Is/was it + 被強調部分 + that (who) ...
例:Was it your brother that you met in the street?
在街上你遇見的是你兄弟嗎?
(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑問詞 + is/was it that ...
例:How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?
明天你究竟怎樣去看望她?
(4) do/does/did +謂語動詞 (強調謂語)
例:They do know the place well.
他們的確很熟悉那個地方。
13. 用於表示過去未實現的希望和計劃的句型
(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.
例:I would like to have written to you.
我本想給你寫信的。
(2) was / were going to do sth.(用過去將來時態表示原打算做什麼)
例:Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.
Lucy 原打算看一場籃球比賽。
Ⅷ 六年級英語語法知識點匯總
小學六年級階段的英語語法相對來說比較基礎和簡單,同學們只要多花點時間記憶就能學好的。我為六年級師生整理了 六年級英語 語法重點,希望大家有所收獲!
六年級英語語法知識點11. 現在進行時
表示正在發生的事情或進行的動作,常與now,listen,look等詞連用,結構是主語+be動詞(am, is, are)+動詞ing.
如:It is raining now.
外面正在下雨
It is six o’clock now.
現在6點了
My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.
我父母正在客廳看報紙
Look! The children are having a running race now.
看!孩子們正在賽跑
問句將be動詞移前,否定句在be動詞後+not.
2. 一般現在時
表示經常反復發生的事情或動作,常與often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等詞連用。
結構是主語+動詞原形;當主語為第三人稱單數即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等詞時,動詞後加s或es.
如:We have an English lesson every day.
我們每天都要上英語課
Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.
男孩比女孩跑的快嗎?是的
問句藉助於do, does否定句藉助於don’t, doesn’t,後面動詞一定要還原。
3. 一般過去時
表示發生在過去的事情或存在的狀態,常與just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等詞連用。
結構是主語+be動詞的過去式(was; were)或主語+動詞的過去式。
注意:be動詞與動詞過去式不可同時使用。
如:My earphones were on the ground just now.
我的耳機剛剛還在呢。
Where were you last week? I was at a camp.
你上個星期去哪了?我去 野營 了
What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm
你昨天去幹嘛了?我去參觀農場了。
問句有be動詞將be動詞移前,沒有be動詞藉助於did,後面動詞還原;
否定句有be動詞在後面加not,沒有藉助於didn't後面動詞還原。
4. 一般將來時
表示將要打算發生的事情或動作,常與tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等詞連用。結構是主語+be(am, is, are) going to + 動原或主語+will +動原。
如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.
你明天要去幹嘛?我要去野餐。
The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.
孩子們下個星期將參加運動會。
Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.
Tom今晚將和父母去看演出。
問句將be動詞或will移前;否定句在be動詞或will後加not.
5. 情態動詞
can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may後一定加動詞原形。
如:The girl can’t swim, but he can skate.
女孩不會 游泳 ,但是會滑冰
Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.
不要再課上說話,你應該認真聽老師講。
6. 祈使句
肯定祈使句以動詞原形開頭;否定祈使句以don’t加動詞原形開頭。
如:Open the box for me ,please.
請為我打開盒子。
Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.
劉濤,明天請早點起床!
Don’t walk on the grass!
不要在草地上走!
Helen! Don’t climb the tree,please.
海倫!不要爬樹。
7. go的用法
去幹嘛用go +動詞ing
如: go swimming; go fishing;
go skating;
go camping;
go running;
go skiing;
go rowing…
8.比較
than 前用比較級;as…as之間用原級。
如:My mother is two years younger than my father.
我媽比我爸年輕兩歲。
Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.
劉濤跳得和本一樣遠。
9. 喜歡做某事
用like +動詞ing或like+ to + 動原。
如: Su Yang likes growing flowers.
蘇陽喜歡種花。
The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.
孩子們喜歡在 春節 去玩花燈。
10. 想要做某事
用 would like +to+動原或want + to +動原。
例:I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum
六年級英語語法知識點211. some
用於肯定句中,在否定句和問句中改為any,但當表示委婉語氣時仍用
如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?
12.代詞
人稱代詞主格做主語用一般放在句首或動詞前,主格分別是 I you he she it we you they。
賓格做賓語用,一般放在動詞或介詞後
如:Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。
賓格分別是me you him her it us you them。
形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前,不能單獨使用,分別是my your his her its our your their
名詞性物主代詞相當於形物加名詞,它只能單獨使用後面不好加名詞,分別是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。
13. 介詞
介詞後要麼不加動詞,加動詞只能加動詞ing形式
如:be good at running;
do well in jumping;
14. 時間介詞
季節前,月份前用介詞in
如:in summer;in March
具體的哪一天如星期幾,幾月幾日用介詞on
如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning
在幾點鍾前用介詞at
如: at a quarter to four;
只在上下午晚上用in
如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;
但在夜間用at night。
另:季節,月份和星期前不好加the.
15. 名詞復數構成的 方法
有規則的有:
(1)直接在名詞後加s
如orange—oranges; photo—photos;
(2) 以x, s, sh, ch 結尾的加es
如:box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach--peaches
(3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es
如:study—studies;library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families;
(4)以f, fe結尾的改f, fe 為v+es如:knife—knives; thief—thieves(注:以o結尾的我們學過的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其餘加s,)
不規則的有:
man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—children
16. 動詞第三人稱單數的構成
(1)直接在動詞後加s
如:run—runs; dance—dances
(2)以s,sh,ch,o結尾的加es
如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches
(3)以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es
如:study—studies; carry—carries;
17. 現在分詞的構成
(1)直接在動詞後加ing
如:sing—singing; ski—skiing;
(2)雙寫詞尾加ing
如:swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running;
(3)以不發音的e結尾的去e加ing
如:ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making;
18. 規則動詞過去式的構成
(1)直接在動詞後加ed
如:clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;
(2)以e結尾的直接加d
如:dance—danced; taste—tasted;
(3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加ed
如:study—studied;carry—carried;
(4)雙寫詞尾加ed
如:stop—stopped; jog—jogged;
不規則的有:am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;
19.形容詞副詞比較級的構成
規則的:
(1)直接在形容詞或副詞後加er
如;small—smaller; low—lower;
(2)以e結尾的加r
如:late—larer;
(3)雙寫詞尾加er
如:big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;
(4) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加er
如:heavy—heavier; early—earlier;
不規則的有:
good, well—better(最高級為best); many, much--- more(最高級為most); far---farther;
20.rain與snow的用法
(1)作為名詞意思是 雨水 和雪是不可數名詞
如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那兒的春天有很多雨水。
(2) 作為動詞意思是下雨和下雪,有四種形式分別是:
動詞原形rain, snow;
第三人稱單數rains ,snows;
現在分詞raining; snowing
過去式rained; snowed;
如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。
②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天經常下雨。
③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。
④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。
(3)形容詞為rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的
如:It is often rainy here in spring.這兒的春天經常是有雨的。
If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我將呆在家裡。
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Ⅸ 初一英語必備語法知識點總結
升上初一,我們就要開始 學習英語 語法知識,學習語法是在理解的基礎上進行記憶和運用。下面是我為大家整理的關於初一英語必備語法知識點 總結 ,希望對您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學習!
初一英語語法知識點總結
形容詞的級
我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時,則要使用比較或最高級形式。構成如下:
一) 一般在詞後加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st)。
如:greater-greatest, shorter–shortest,
taller–tallest, longer–longest,
nicer- nicest, larger –largest(大)
二) 以重讀閉音節結尾且1個母音字母+1個輔音字母結尾的雙寫
結尾的輔音再加er /est。
如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest (字母組合除外,如few-fewer fewest少)
三) 以輔音字母+y結尾的變y為i加er/est。
如:happy-happier happiest,
sorry-sorrier sorriest,
friendly(友好的)-friendlier friendliest
(more friendly most friendly),
Busy(忙碌)-busier busiest,
easy-easier easiest
初一英語語法知識要點
句式
1.陳述句
肯定陳述句
a) This is a book. (be動詞)
b) He looks very young. (連系動詞) 他看起來很年輕
c) I want a sweat [swet出汗] like this(像這樣)(實義動詞) 我想像這樣出汗 d) I can bring some things to school. (情態動詞) 我可以帶一些東西到學校 e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be結構) 有一個電腦在我的桌子上 否定陳述句
a) These aren’t their books. 這些不是他們的書
b) They don’t look nice. 他們看起來不太好
c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. 凱特不去第4中學 d) Kate can’t find her doll. 凱特找不到她的洋娃娃
e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.) 這里沒有一隻貓
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句
a) Please go and ask the man. 請去問那個人
b) Let’s learn English! 讓我們學習英語!
c) Come in, please. 請進。
否定祈使句
a) Don’t be late. 不要遲到。
b) Don’t hurry. 不要著急。
3. 疑問句
1) 一般疑問句 肯定回答 否定回答 a) Is Jim a student? Yes, he is. No,he isn’t b) Can I help you? Yes, you can. No,you can’t c) Does she like salad? 她喜歡做沙拉?Yes, she does. No,she doesn’t d) Do they watch TV? 他們看電視嗎? Yes, they do.
初一英語語法知識
一般現在時
1. 一般現在時的含義⑴表示現在的狀態⑵表示經常或習慣性的動作⑶表示主語具備的性格和能力。
2. 一般現在時的謂語構成
⑴動詞be
肯定式 I am… 否定式 I am not…
You/We/They are… You/We/They aren’t…
She/He/It is… She/He/It isn’t…
疑問式和簡略回答
Am I…? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are you…? Yes, I am/we are. No, I am not/we aren’t.
Are we/they…? Yes, we/they are. No, we/they aren’t.
⑵動詞 do
肯定式 I/We/You/They+動詞原形+其他成分
She/He/It+動詞第三人稱單數形式+其他成分
否定式 I/We/You/They don’t+動詞原形+其他成分
She/He/It doesn’t +動詞原形+其他成分
疑問式和簡略回答
Do I/you/we/they+動詞原形+其他成分
Yes, I/you/we/they do. No, I/you/we/they don’t.
Does she/he/it +動詞原形+其他成分
Yes, she/he/it does. No, she/he/it doesn’t.
⑶一般現在時第三人稱單數的構成
規則變化
一般情況下直接+s work-works ask-asks see-sees
以s, x, ch, sh, o 結尾+es watch-watches go-goes do-does wash-washes
以輔音字母+y結尾,變y為i加es try-tries study-studies fly-flies
不規則變化 have-has
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4. 英語初一上冊的語法總結
5. 初一英語語法知識點總結復習
Ⅹ 初中英語基礎知識大全
初中英語是單詞和語法的綜合,想要學好英語就要勤背單詞,梳理清楚每個語法知識。下面是我為大家整理的關於初中英語基礎 知識大全 ,希望對您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學習!
初中英語基礎知識
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官動詞)+ do
eg :I like watching monkeys jump
2 (比較級 and 比較級) 表示越來越怎麼樣
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)
4 agree with sb 贊成某人
5 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣
6 all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界
7 along with 同„„一道,伴隨„„
eg : I will go along with you 我將和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 學生同老師們一起種樹
8 As soon as 一怎麼樣就怎麼樣
9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for „„求助 向„要„(直接接想要的東西) eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什麼
12 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在„„歲時 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of „„ „„的起初;„„的開始
15 at the end of +地點/+時間 最後;盡頭;末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的這個時候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什麼有信心,自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表:1 現在進行時 2 將來時
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能夠„„ eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能夠干什麼 eg :she is able to sing
初中英語知識要點
形容詞與副詞
(1) 原級,比較級,最高級詞形變化:
① [單母音+單輔音]的單音節詞
fat—fatter—fattest
thin—thinner—thinnest
hot—hotter—hottest
big—bigger—biggest
② 以y結尾的雙音節詞
easy—easier—easiest
heavy—heavier—heaviest
pretty—prettier—prettiest
③ 劣級比較
less+形容詞/副詞原級+than
例: She is less beautiful than Mary.
④ 兩者之間用比較級,在比較級前加定冠詞,三者以上用最高級
例: He is the taller of the two.
She is the best player of the three.
⑤ 越……越……的表達法
例: The days are getting hotter and hotter.
The more you study, the more you learn.
⑥ 修飾比較級的詞有:much, by far, even, a little, a great deal… 例: She is much better now.
初中英語必備知識
一、thanks / thank youfor...因......而感謝
for是介詞,後接n / pron / v-ing. (名詞/代詞、動名詞)
Thanksfor the photo of your family.謝謝你的全家福照片。
Thanks for helping me. 謝謝你幫助我。
Thank you for your help. 謝謝你的幫助。
二、ask for„. 請求/要„„
如:I’ll ask fortwo pencils. 我將要兩支鉛筆。
ask sb for sth向某人請求/要某物
ask the teacher for help 向老師求助
三、a set of...一套/副/串......
a set of keys 一串鑰匙
a set of...作 句子 的主語時,應看作一個整體,謂語動詞用單數。
如:A set of keys is on the desk. 有串鑰匙在桌子上。
四、 bring「帶來,拿來」表示從遠處帶到近處,從別的地方帶到說話者的地方。
take 「帶走,拿走」表示從近處帶到遠處,從說話者的地方帶到別的地方。
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