❶ 大學英語四級重點語法知識:倒裝句
英語四級重點語法知識:倒裝句
在有些情況下,句子中的謂語處於主語之前,這種情況被稱作主謂倒裝。倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝兩種。在全部倒裝的句子里,整個謂語都放在主語之前,如:incomeabeautifulgirl。部分倒裝句則只是謂語中的一部分放在主語前面,其他的則仍放在主語之後。下面幾點講的是不需要倒裝的情況:
l、感嘆句中的主謂不需要倒裝,僅將what或者how在句子中構成的賓語、表語或者狀語部分提到前面。如:Whatacutedog!
2、當引導從句的疑問詞和關聯詞位於從句的開頭時,句子中的主謂不需要倒裝。如:ThisisthebookwhichIspokeof.
在倒裝結構中,當一些具有否定意義的詞放在句首時句子為部分倒裝,這些詞有notuntil,little,hardly,never,rarely,scarcely,only,seldom等,短語有innoway。atnotime,innocase,atnopoint,hardly/rarely/scarcely…,when…nosooner…than…等,如:,在句子中部分倒裝,僅將助動詞did提前就可以了。
某些以here,there,now,then等詞開頭的句子,謂語動詞為be,stand,lie,come,go,fall等的一般現在時或一般過去時時,句子為全部倒裝,如:Herecomesthebus.再如:
Thebusinessofeachday,_______,wentquitesmoothly.
A.
B.
C.
D.
整個句子的意思是,日常工作,不管是銷售貨物還是運輸貨物,都進行得很順利。觀察句子,即使去掉空格部分,仍然可以構成一個完整的句子。空格部分應該填入從句而不是一個句子,A、B選項為完整的句子,顯然不符合語法。C、D兩項可以看成是be引導的讓步狀語從句,這樣的從句需要倒裝。所以正確答案為D。
除了be引導的讓步狀語從句需要倒裝之外,as引導的讓步狀語從句必須倒裝。though引導的讓步狀語從句則可以倒裝也可以是正常語序。although和eventhough引導的讓步狀語從句則不能倒裝。
以上就是關於英語四級語法知識的分享,希望對想要考四級的小夥伴們有做幫助,想要了解更多相關內容,歡迎及時關注本平台!
❷ 全國公共英語四級考試知識點總結
全國公共英語四級考試知識點總結2017
第四級是PETS考試五個級別中的中上級,相當於我國非英語專業本科大學畢業生的水平,比我國現行的大學英語四、六級考試的六級的難度略高。下面是我為大家帶來的全國公共英語四級考試知識點總結,歡迎閱讀。
一、PETS四級考試的難度和潛在應試者
根據《全國公共英語等級考試第四級考試大綱》的描述,PETS
第四級是PETS考試五個級別中的中上級,相當於我國非英語專業本科大學畢業生的水平,比我國現行的大學英語四、六級考試的六級的難度略高。它的部分試題
難度就是我國現行的普通高等學校非英語專業碩士研究生入學英語考試的水平,不過研究生考試目前不考聽力和口語。根據最初設計,PETS四級考試將替代研究
生入學的英語考試,至少該考試將依照PETS四級的模式進行改造。
二、PETS四級考試題型及特點來源
TS四級考試和其他級別考試一樣分筆試和口試兩部分。筆試部分有四種題型,即聽力、英語知識運用、閱讀理解和寫作;口試部分分為三節。下面對這些題型分別介紹——
1、聽力:
考慮到了考生以後的學習和工作中對英語的應用,本級要求考生能夠聽懂英文講座、學術發言或論證的內容。試題所選材料也大部分來自於現實生活的真實情景,以便使考生通過復習考試培養聽懂這些語言材料的能力。在試題形式上看,分A、B、C三節,共占考試總分的30%。A節和B節試題形式在現行的聽力考試中是比較新的,它們不僅考查考生理解信息的能力,而且考查他們用聽到的信息去完成一定任務的能力。A節要求考生聽到對話或獨白後填補句子和表格中的空白;B節
要求考生根據聽到的一段對話或獨白回答5道簡答題。這里的填空或簡答類似與四、六級考試中的簡答題,而四、六級考試中的簡答題是通過閱讀理解實現的。C節要考生聽三段對話或獨白,然後做選擇題,這類題也就是通常考試中的聽力理解題。
做哪一類聽力試題,最重要的一條就是做題之前首先瀏覽試題。這樣做不僅可以了解答題要求,還可以通過問題內的若干信息判斷聽力材料的話題范圍,以便調動自己在該方面的知識積累,更迅速地作出判斷。
2、語言知識運用:
該部分就是通常所說的完型填空題,共設20道選擇題。它的分數占整個考試分數的10%,考查內容有詞彙(12-15道小題)、語法和篇章結構(5-8道小題)。詞彙題重點考查的是在規范語言中詞的搭配和用法,篇章結構考查句子層次以上語言成分的辨識和理解能力,這類題常考一些標志意義轉折、順承以及原因、結果、舉例、順序、總結等的副詞和連詞。由於PETS四級是中高級別的考試,所以它不把專門考查語法作為整個考試的一項,而是通過其他題型要求考生對基本語法結構達到運用自如。
3、閱讀理解:
閱讀理解也分為A、B兩節。A節要求考生閱讀4篇文章,然後做四選一的選擇題。本節與研究生入學英語考試的閱讀理解題從形式上看沒有區別,但這里的閱讀材料的現實性和專業性都更突出。從問題特點上看,考查文章主旨大意、作者觀點、態度、進行引申、推理和判斷的題以及利用上下文判斷特定句子和詞的意義的試題占絕大部分。B節為翻譯題,和研究生入學英語考試的翻譯題一樣,這里也要求考生先閱讀一
篇文章,然後將文章內的.一些句子譯為漢語,本節兼考翻譯能力和理解的准確性。
PETS四級寫作題與研究生入學考試的作文是一個模式。該部分要求考生根據提示信息(中文/英文)寫出一篇160-200詞(標點符號不計算在內)的短文。提示的信息有主題句、寫作提綱、規定情景、圖表等。此類作文一般是引出一個話題讓應試者談自己的看法。對於規定情景題、圖表題,考生應知道將試題提供的信息作為表達自己觀點的材料,用一到兩句話引出話題然後直接提出自己的觀點(全文的主題句),再分一到三個段落來論證自己的觀點。每一段的起始部分應先
寫出該段的主要意思(段主題句),最好用上能標志層次與順序的副詞,最後可以重申主題句來作出結論。需要注意的是由於文章有字數限制,每一段都應做到簡潔。
5、口試:
和其他級別的口試一樣,PETS四級的口試試題也分為A、B、C三節。A節為口試教師和考生的交流,這里由兩個口試教師中的一個分別向兩個考生就考生個人情況,家庭、工作、學習等方面提問;B節為兩個考生之間的交流,這里要求兩個考生對提供的圖片交換信息和看法,也就是開展對話;C節要求考生就某一問題(提供圖片等信息),陳述自己的觀點並加以論證,然後由另一考生根據他的陳述提問,事實上這就是論文答辯,這也是碩士研究生上課的主要方式。
三、復習資料的准備
最近有部分讀者來信反映說他們很想參加全國公共英語等級考試,需要一些必備的復習資料,希望我們推薦復習教材。對此我可以就我所了解的情況簡單介紹一下。公共英語等級考試為水平考試不指定專門教材,凡是與某一級試題水平相當的教材都可以使用。教育部考試中心編寫的各級考試大綱是考試的重要復習依據。
;❸ 備考英語四級需要學語法嗎怎麼學
備考英語四級要學語法,學習方法如下:
1.記憶單詞和學習語法:最好的方法是用真題來學習這些基礎知識,這比詞彙書和語法書更有效,效果也更好。大家可以集中閱讀文章,理解裡面的語法和單詞,真題選擇的好復習也會更加省力。
2.寫作部分:考生可以使用作文模板。英語作文只有幾種類型,萬能模板有助於構思和快速完成作文。
大家也應該記住幾組相關的單詞,常見的文章,如文章的開頭結束語和書信體等特殊體裁,大家可以背一些模板和範文,可以用真題背,或者可以買一本作文書。
3.短文部分:應該注意的是塗卡和最後一道聽短文寫單詞題。聽力理解是在聽完之後立即收卷,這意味著你沒有時間在試卷上做標記再塗到卡上,如果作文沒寫完,這個時候也沒有時間補。
因此,有必要養成即聽即塗的好習慣,如果沒聽清也要塗上,與其直接放棄,不如蒙題。
值得提醒的是,對於聽力相對較弱的考生來說,如果他們在聽完最後一段並寫完單詞題後覺得全無希望時,正確的方法是果斷放棄,隨便寫幾個,並利用剩餘的時間快速完成未完成的作文或未塗完的卡。聽力收卷時一般是從最前或最後收,所以第一排和最後一排應該特別注意這些事情。
4.閱讀部分:閱讀題的類型在高中比較常見,只要會快速閱讀問題一般都不大。閱讀一般來說准確率要高,這部分比較簡單。最好每寫一道題就寫在答題紙上。然而,如果你想在閱讀中獲得高分,仍然需要多練習,最好多做些真題。
❹ 大學英語四級常用的語法
有關大學英語四級常用的語法精選
大學英語四級常用語法精選(12)
Ⅴ 連詞
並列連詞
表示意義的引申: and, both…and, not only…but(also), as well as, and …as well, neither…nor
表示選擇: or, either…or
表示轉折: but, while, whereas, yet, however/nevertheless(也可認為是副詞)
表示因果: for, so, therefore, hence
從屬連詞
表示時間: when, while, as, after, before, since, until(till), as soon as, once
表示原因: because, as, since, now that, seeing that
表示條件: if, unless, in case, provided(that), suppose, as long as, on condition (that),
表示其他關系: (al)though, than, as/so…as, lest, in order that, so…that
Ⅵ 定語從句
限制和非限制性定語從句: 限制性定語從句是名詞片語不可缺少的一個組成部分, 去掉了會造成病句或意義不明確; 非限制性定語從句屬於補充說明性質, 去掉了不會影響主要意義, 通常用逗號與它的先行詞分開.
The boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.
The boys, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.
如果定語從句的先行詞是專有名詞, 或是帶有形容詞性物主代詞(my, his, etc)或形容詞性指示代詞(this, that, etc)作限定詞, 其後的定語從句通常都是非限制性的:
Mary Smith, who is in the corner, wants to meet you.
Her mother, who had long suffered form arthritis, died last night.
All these books, which have been donated by visiting professors, are to be used by the postgraates.
在非限制性定語從句中只能用who/whom指人, 用which指物,通常不用that替代.
My father, who had been on a visit to America, returned yesterday.
All the books, which had pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.
定語從句的引導詞
that, who, whom: 非限制性定語從句, 如果修飾人, 一般用who, 有時用that (作主語時用who較多). 如果關系代詞在從句中作賓語, 就應當用賓格 whom 或that, 但在大多數情況下都可以省略掉, 在口語中可用who代替whom.
Here is the man (whom) you've been looking for.
He is a man (that) you can safely depend on.
The people (who/that) you were talking to were Swedes.
There are some people here who I want you to meet.
但在介詞後只能用whom:
This is the man to whom I referred.
但在口語中一般都把介詞放到句子後面去, 這時可用that, 但省略時更多一些.
Have you met the person about whom he was speaking?
Have you met the person (that) he was speaking about
The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.
The girl (who/that) I spoke to is my cousin.
限制性定語從句如果修飾「物」, 用關系代詞that的時候較多, 也有時用which.. 當這個代詞在從句中是用作賓語時, 在絕大多數情況下都是省略的, 特別是口語中(尤其是當被修飾的詞是all, everything等詞時):
Have you everything you need?
(Is there) anything I can do for you?
All you have to do is to press the button.
2016年大學英語四級語法指導(4)
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露,走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續。
6. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.
A all in all B above all C after all D over all
all in all 總而言之;above all 首先,尤其是;after all 畢竟,終究;overall 全面的',總體的
in a word 總之,in short 簡而言之,in conclusion 最後,總之,to sum up總之,總而言之。
7. _B_ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now
now that 既然,由於(相當於since); ever since 自從…以來。
與that搭配且後面可以加句子的幾個表達形式:
now that 既然,由於; in that 因為; except that 除…之外。
except後面加名詞或代詞;except that後面加句子。
8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor』s orders.
A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to
be attached to 連接,附屬; This school is attached to Beida. 這所學校附屬於北大。
responsible to 對…負有責任; resistant adj. 反抗的,抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。
be contrary to 與。。相反(相違背)。
9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.
A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going
regret doing 後悔做過某事; regret to do sth. 遺憾的做某事(應用語境非常有限)。
10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.
A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice
out of work 失業; out of reach 夠不著 within reach 夠得著; out of practice 缺乏練習。
2016年大學英語四級語法指導(3)
動名詞的復合結構:凡是一個動詞的後面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復合結構。
動作發出者 + 動名詞;當動作發出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當動名詞的復合結構在文章中出現,且動作發出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。
形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。
第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You』d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…
例. There』s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露,走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續。
2016年大學英語四級語法指導(2)
短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結構稱為非謂語動詞。
非謂語動詞的結構:分詞(分詞短語)
句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發出動作,則使用現在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發出,則使用過去分詞。
1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;
to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的動詞:
第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;
這兩個詞後加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式表示已經做過的事情。
注意:動名詞與現在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。
forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;
remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。
動名詞的復合結構:凡是一個動詞的後面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復合結構。
動作發出者 + 動名詞;當動作發出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當動名詞的復合結構在文章中出現,且動作發出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。
形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。
第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You』d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露,走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續。
注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…
例. There』s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
2016年大學英語四級語法指導(1)
非謂語動詞與獨立主格:短語,句子(或者句子,短語)
當短語部分有獨立主語,並且該主語不同於句子主語,這時短語結構稱為獨立主格。(它最明顯的特點是短語部分有獨立的主語)。
獨立主格的結構1:名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [現在分詞、過去分詞]
現在分詞表示主動的,正在進行的行為;過去分詞表示被動的,已經完成的行為。 作題時要通過判斷動作與名詞(代詞)之間的關系來確定是使用現在分詞還是過去分詞。當動作由名詞(代詞)發出時使用現在分詞,而名詞(代詞)是受動者時則用過去分詞。
1. Silver is the best conctor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.
A followed B following C to follow D being followed
2. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四級中的考點就是現在分詞和過去分詞的區別。
獨立主格的結構2:with + 名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [句子當中作狀語]
3. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding ecation, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged
as well as 和(相當於and); be encouraged不會考。
動詞不定式有預示將來行為的含義。to be encouraged 將要被鼓勵;
been encouraged 已經被鼓勵完了,與主句的謂語動詞相對;being encouraged 正在被鼓勵
短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結構稱為非謂語動詞。
非謂語動詞的結構:分詞(分詞短語)
句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發出動作,則使用現在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發出,則使用過去分詞。
1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;
to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的動詞:
第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;
這兩個詞後加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式表示已經做過的事情。
注意:動名詞與現在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。
forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;
remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。
2016大學英語四級聽力10大常考場景總結(4)
場景四:購物
1.采購衣服
必備詞彙表
size 型號 come in all sizes 號全
2.采購電器
必備詞彙表
model 款 discount 折扣
latest technology 最新的科技 rece 減少
;❺ 英語四級復習資料:語法知識
英語四級語法知識:不定冠詞的用法
冠詞是虛詞,本身不能單獨使用,也沒有詞義,它用在名詞的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種,一種是定冠詞(the Definite Article),另一種是不定冠詞(the Indefinite Article),還有一種是零冠詞(Zero Article)。
不定冠詞a (an)與數詞one 同源,是"一個"的意思。a用於輔音音素前,一般讀作[e],而an則用於母音音素前,一般讀做[en]。
1) 表示"一個",意為one;指某人或某物,意為a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一類人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3) 片語或成語。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
英語四級語法知識:定冠詞的用法
定冠詞the與指示代詞this,that同源,有"那(這)個"的意思,但較弱,可以和一個名詞連用,來表示某個或某些特定的人或東西。
1)特指雙方都明白的人或物:
Take the medicine.把葯吃了。
2)上文提到過的人或事:
He bought a house.I've been to the house.
他買了幢房子。我去過那幢房子。
3)指世上獨一物二的事物:
the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth
4)單數名詞連用表示一類事物,如:the dollar 美元;
the fox 狐狸;或與形容詞或分詞連用,表示一類人:the rich 富人; the living 生者。
5)用在序數詞和形容詞最高級,及形容詞only, very, same等前面:
Where do you live?I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二層。
That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的東西。
6)與復數名詞連用,指整個群體:
They are the teachers of this school.指全體教師)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教師)
7)表示所有,相當於物主代詞,用在表示身體部位的名詞前:
She caught me by the arm..她抓住了我的手臂。
8)用在某些由普通名詞構成的國家名稱、機關團體、階級、等專有名詞前:
the People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國
the United States 美國
9)用在表示樂器的名詞之前: She plays the piano.她會彈鋼琴。
10) 用在姓氏的復數名詞之前,表示一家人:
the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫婦)
11) 用在慣用語中:
in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening),the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday,the next morning,
in the sky (water,field,country)
in the dark,in the rain,in the distance,
in the middle (of),in the end,
on the whole,by the way,go to the theatre
英語四級復習資料:語法知識小編就說到這里了,更多關於大學英語四級的備考技巧,備考干貨,新聞資訊,報名入口等內容,小編會持續更新。祝願各位考生都能認真備考,取得滿意的成績。
❻ 大學英語四級語法指導詳解
大學英語四級語法指導詳解
大學英語四級語法指導(1)
非謂語動詞與獨立主格:短語,句子(或者句子,短語)
當短語部分有獨立主語,並且該主語不同於句子主語,這時短語結構稱為獨立主格。(它最明顯的特點是短語部分有獨立的主語)。
獨立主格的結構1:名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [現在分詞、過去分詞]
現在分詞表示主動的,正在進行的行為;過去分詞表示被動的,已經完成的行為。 作題時要通過判斷動作與名詞(代詞)之間的關系來確定是使用現在分詞還是過去分詞。當動作由名詞(代詞)發出時使用現在分詞,而名詞(代詞)是受動者時則用過去分詞。
1. Silver is the best conctor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.
A followed B following C to follow D being followed
2. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四級中的考點就是現在分詞和過去分詞的區別。
獨立主格的結構2:with + 名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [句子當中作狀語]
3. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding ecation, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged
as well as 和(相當於and); be encouraged不會考。
動詞不定式有預示將來行為的含義。to be encouraged 將要被鼓勵;
been encouraged 已經被鼓勵完了,與主句的謂語動詞相對;being encouraged 正在被鼓勵
短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結構稱為非謂語動詞。
非謂語動詞的結構:分詞(分詞短語)
句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的.主語發出動作,則使用現在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發出,則使用過去分詞。
1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;
to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的動詞:
第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;
這兩個詞後加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式表示已經做過的事情。
注意:動名詞與現在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。
forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;
remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。
大學英語四級語法指導(2)
短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結構稱為非謂語動詞。
非謂語動詞的結構:分詞(分詞短語)
句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發出動作,則使用現在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發出,則使用過去分詞。
1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;
to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的動詞:
第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;
這兩個詞後加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式表示已經做過的事情。
注意:動名詞與現在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。
forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;
remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。
動名詞的復合結構:凡是一個動詞的後面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復合結構。
動作發出者 + 動名詞;當動作發出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當動名詞的復合結構在文章中出現,且動作發出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。
形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。
第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You』d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露,走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續。
注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…
例. There』s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
大學英語四級語法指導(3)
動名詞的復合結構:凡是一個動詞的後面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復合結構。
動作發出者 + 動名詞;當動作發出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當動名詞的復合結構在文章中出現,且動作發出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。
形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。
第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You』d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…
例. There』s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露,走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續。
大學英語四級語法指導(4)
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露,走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續。
6. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.
A all in all B above all C after all D over all
all in all 總而言之;above all 首先,尤其是;after all 畢竟,終究;overall 全面的,總體的
in a word 總之,in short 簡而言之,in conclusion 最後,總之,to sum up總之,總而言之。
7. _B_ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now
now that 既然,由於(相當於since); ever since 自從…以來。
與that搭配且後面可以加句子的幾個表達形式:
now that 既然,由於; in that 因為; except that 除…之外。
except後面加名詞或代詞;except that後面加句子。
8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor』s orders.
A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to
be attached to 連接,附屬; This school is attached to Beida. 這所學校附屬於北大。
responsible to 對…負有責任; resistant adj. 反抗的,抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。
be contrary to 與。。相反(相違背)。
9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.
A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going
regret doing 後悔做過某事; regret to do sth. 遺憾的做某事(應用語境非常有限)。
10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.
A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice
out of work 失業; out of reach 夠不著 within reach 夠得著; out of practice 缺乏練習。
大學英語四級語法指導(5)
1.Mrs. Brown is supposed _A_ for Italy last week.
A to have left B to be leaving C to leave D to have been left
be supposed to do sth. 應該(理應)做某事。
2. He』s watching TV? He』s _D_ to be cleaning his room.
A known B considered C regarded D supposed
regard as 把…認作
3. My camera can be _B_ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.
A treated B adjusted C adopted D remedied
treat 對待,處理; I』ll treat you. 我請客,應用於真正請客之前。It』s on me. 應用於結帳時。
adjust vt. 調整,調節; adopt vt. 收養,領養; remedy vt. 彌補,補救,修正;
4. A new technique _C_, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.
A working out B having worked out
C having been worked out D to have been worded out
yields 產量; work out 作出,推出
關於百分數之前介詞的用法
increase to 80 percent 增加到80% (增加到用to)
increase by 60 percent增加了60% (表示增加的幅度用by)
5. Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors expanded _A_ 27%.
A by B for C to D in
1. Children who are over-protected by their parents may become _C_.
A hurt B damaged C spoiled D harmed
spoil vt. 寵壞,溺愛
2. When Mr. Jones gets old, he will _B_ over his business to his son.
A take B hand C think D get
take over 接管接收; hand over 移交,交出; think over 仔細考慮; get over 克服,戰勝。
3. We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so let』s have _A_ one this month.
A another B more C the other D other
不定代詞:1 兩者中的一個用one;另一個則用the other; 2 很多東西中的一個用one;
剩下的所有叫the others; 3 很多東西中的一個用one;剩下的所有裡面再拿一個叫another;
在剩下的裡面再拿一個還叫another(單數概念); 4 很多東西中拿了若干出來用some;
剩下所有叫others; other 後通常要加可數名詞的復數形式; more 要用在數詞的後面
once more 再來一個(用於很不正式的場合) vravo 再來一個(用於正式場合)
4. No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to _A_.
A the other B any other C another D other
neither 兩者中任意一者都不
5. It was difficult to guess what her _B_ to the news would be.
A impression B reaction C comment D opinion
reaction n. 反應; reaction to 對…作出反應
;❼ 干貨分享:英語四級重要知識點匯總
語法類重要知識點
1、虛擬語氣的:
would rather+that從句+一般過去時
It is vital/ necessary/ important/ urgent/ imperative/ desirable/ advisable/ natural/ essential+that+(should)動詞原形
proposal/suggestion+that+動詞原形
It is time/about time/high time+that+一般過去時
lest+that+should+動詞原形
if only+that+would+動詞原形
2、狀語從句的:
非if引導的條件狀語從句,此類句子多用at times,provided,so long as,in case,once等來替代if;
由even if/so,now that,for all等引導的讓步狀語從句;
just/hardly...when引導的時間狀語從句;
more than,as...as,not so much as,the same as,as much as等引導的比較狀語從句。
3、獨立主格結構多以邏輯主語+分詞的形式出現。
4、情態動詞多與完成時形式連用。
5、定語從句重點考查介詞+關系代詞(which)和as作為關系代詞。
詞彙類重要知識點
1、動詞、名詞與介詞的搭配:popular/patient+with;yield/solution/adapt/transfer/access+to;accuse/require+of;charge+for;under+discussion
2、習慣用法:confess to/set about/be used to+doing;be supposed to/have/make sb.+do等。
3、由同一動詞構成的短語:come,go,set,break等構成的短語。
4、單個的動詞,抽象名詞,形容詞和副詞多以近義詞、同義詞的形式出現。?
5、介詞短語在句中作狀語如:in terms of;with the exception of;in vain; rather than,other than,such as,none/nothing+but
6、部分過去式和過去分詞不規則變化的動詞:
broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 廣播
flee (fled, fled) 逃跑
forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止
forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原諒
freeze (froze, frozen) 結冰
hang (作―絞死‖講,是規則的;作―懸掛‖講,其過去式過去分詞都是hung)
lie –lied –lied 說謊;lie—lay---lain躺下lay-laid- laid 放置
seek (sought, sought) 尋求
shake (shook, shaken) 發抖
tear (tore, torn) 撕碎
以上就是關於英語四級重要知識點的相關分享,希望對正在備考英語四級的小夥伴們有所幫助,小編在這里祝願大家都能取得優異成績!
❽ 英語四級的語法都有哪些
原發布者:超級沉默的小白
四級語法一:時態:所謂的"時態",就是時間+狀態。謂語動詞的時態見下表:1.主動形式2.被動形式CET-4常考的三種時態:過去完成時;將來完成時;(現在/過去)完成進行時。時間狀語從句當中的時態:一般過去時所有的過去用一般現在時表示現在和將來現在完成時現在完成和將來完成一.非謂語動詞一.不定式:一)不定式的常考形式:1)一般形式:.被動形式:.語法功能:表示與謂語動詞同步發生2)完成形式:Hepretendednottohaveseenme.被動形式:.語法功能:表示發生在謂語動詞之前二)不定式常考的考點:1)不定式做定語----將要發生2)不定式做狀語----目的3)不定式充當名詞功能---Toseeistobelieve.三)不定式的省略1)感官動詞see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do表示動作的完整性,真實性;+doing表示動作的連續性,進行性.昨天我看見他在花園里幹活了。(強調"我看見了"這個事實).昨天我見他正在花園里幹活。(強調"我見他正幹活"這個動作)感官動詞後面接形容詞
❾ 大學英語四級需要掌握哪些知識
大學英語四級考試,是每個大學生都要過的一項英語水平考試。那麼英語四級需要掌握什麼?如何才能順利的考過英語四級呢?下面從各個題型,為大家解析一下考英語四級需要掌握什麼?英語四級需要掌握什麼。
英語四級需要掌握什麼?從英語四級各個題型的要求來看,我們就可以明白四級在考查什麼,那我們在備考過程中就知道應該掌握什麼,如何備考?這樣對症下葯,才能做到有效備考!