Ⅰ 總結新目標七年級英語上冊1、2單元的知識點 急用
人教版七年級(上)英語復習筆記
Starter Unit 1
1. Morning 指從早晨到中午12點以前的這段時間。
Evening 指晚上,通常為黃昏到入睡之間,即晚上6點到12點。
Night 指夜裡,通常為夜晚或夜裡就寢前的一小段時間,即9點以後。
Good morning! 早上好!
Good afternoon! 下午好!
Good night! 晚上好
2. How are you? 你好嗎?
用於熟人之間的問候語,只是一種禮貌的問候方式,用來詢問對方的身體狀況。回答用」I』m fine , thanks.」
How do you do ? 你好嗎?
用於第一次見面的兩個人,互相問候時應用How do you do ?回答也用How do you do ?
----How do you do ?
----How do you do ?
3. Thank you! 謝謝你!
當別人幫助,關心,問候,祝福我們時,應用Thank you ;當得到對方的稱贊,誇獎時也用Thank you.
Starter Unit 2
1. This 是指示代詞,可單獨使用,指離說話人較近的人或物。
That 指離說話人較遠的人或物。
2. a/an 為不定冠詞
常見用法:
①表示數量「一」
a pen 一支鋼筆
an apple 一個蘋果
註:an 用於母音前,母音包括5個:(A E I O U )
②泛指某人或某物,不是具體說明
A girl is over there. 一個女孩在那邊。
③在敘述時第一次提到某人或某物
She is a teacher. 她是一個老師。
3. Spell it , please. 請拼寫它。
請求對方拼寫某一詞語的句型還有:
① How do you spell it? 你怎麼拼寫它? 回答可以直接寫出:P-E-N.
② Can you spell it, please?
由can引導的一般疑問句,應先用Yes或 No進行肯定或否定回答後,才能拼寫。
Can you spell it please?
Yes, I can. P-E-N.
請問你能拼寫它嗎?
是的,我能。P-E-N.
Starter Unit 3
1. What color is it ? 它是什麼顏色的?
特殊疑問句,用來詢問顏色。
基本結構:What color + be 動詞+主語?
當被詢問的物品,即句子的主語是單數時,be 動詞用is ,回答一般用It』s +顏色.
當被詢問的物品,即句子的主語是復數時,be 動詞用are, 回答一般用They』re +顏色.
2. 定冠詞the
① 特指上文中提到過的人或物
This is an apple, the apple is red.這是一個蘋果,這個蘋果是紅色的。(文章中第一次提到「這個蘋果」時用「an」,第二次提到用「the」,特指剛剛提到的蘋果。)
② 用來指談話雙方都知道的人或物。
What color is the pen ? 這支鋼筆是什麼顏色的?(指說話雙方都清楚是哪一支鋼筆)
③ 用來指世上獨一無二的事物
the sun 太陽 the moon 月亮
Unit 1
1. Goals: 掌握由what 引導的特殊疑問句的用法及自我介紹。
2. Grammar: be動詞(am, is ,are)的用法;特殊疑問句的用法;形容詞性物主代詞的用法
Section A
1. name 名字
① 英語中,姓和名的排列與中國相反,即「先名後姓」,先(first name /given name)後(last name/family name)
② Mr、Mrs、Miss、Ms等稱呼語只能加在姓氏的前面,不能加在名字前。
Ann White----- Miss White
③ 西方國家的女子結婚前隨父姓,結婚後隨夫姓。
Ann White-----Ann Smith(丈夫姓 Smith)
2. My name』s = My name is 我的名字是。。。。
介紹自己名字時較正式的用語
I』m =I am 我叫。。。 比較隨意一些。
3. 當對方詢問What』s your name ? 其答語為「I』m +姓名」或「My name is +姓名」,也可以直接說出名字。
4. What』s his/her name? 他/她叫什麼名字?
用於詢問第三方姓名,his表示詢問的是男性,her是女性。
5. 一些初見時所使用的答語
① ---How do you do ? ---How do you do ?
② Nice/Glad to see you. 回答用Nice/Glad to see you too.
③ How are you? 是熟人之間的問候語
回答用----I』m fine.
Section B
1. What』s your telephone number? 你的電話號碼是多少?
詢問對方電話號碼的特殊疑問句,答語可以是----My telephone number is XXXXXX./ It』s XXXXXX.
Grammar
1. be 動詞(am, is, are) 的用法
be動詞包括is, am ,are,相當於漢語中的「是」。
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are, is 用於他(he),她(she),它(it).
單數名詞用is, 復數名詞用are.
變否定句時,be後要加not.
變疑問句時,be要往前提.
E.g:
I am a girl. 我是一個女孩。
You are a boy. 你是一個男孩。
He is a boy. 他是一個男孩。
She is Mary. 她是Mary.
I am not a girl. 我不是一個女孩。
Are you a boy? 你是一個男孩嗎?
2. 特殊疑問句
特殊疑問句是由「特殊疑問句+一般疑問句」構成,常用的特殊疑問句有what(什麼), when(什麼時候), where(哪裡), which(哪一個), who(誰)…..
What』s your name?
Where is the table?
3. 形容詞性物主代詞
my(我的), your(你的,你們的), his(他的), her(她的), their(他們的)這些統稱為形容詞性物主代詞
。
1. 放在被修飾的名詞前。
my pen 我的鋼筆 (My為物主代詞,pen為被修飾詞)
2. 不能與冠詞(a, an, the)等連用修飾名詞
This is my pen. 不能說This is my a pen.
3. 如果名詞前還有其他形容詞修飾,形容詞性物主代詞要放在所有形容詞的最前面。
my red pen
Unit 2
Section A
1. Excuse me. 請原諒,打擾一下。
作為與陌生人開始談話或打擾別人時所聽到的禮貌用語。
Section B
1. call sb. 給某人打電話
call + 某人電話 撥打…..號碼
call sb. at +電話號碼 撥打電話號碼找某人
2. a set of 一套,一串
後接復數名詞
A set of keys 一串鑰匙
Grammar
一般疑問句
1. 當詢問情況是否屬實或需要對方做出肯定或否定回答時
2. 由be動詞引導
This is a pen.
→Is this a pen?
3. 陳述句變為一般疑問句
○1把be 動詞提到句首
This is a pen.
→Is this a pen?
○2如果原主語是第一人稱,應把第一人稱變為第二人稱。
This is my pen.
→Is this your pen?
○3句末加問號。
4. 回答有肯定回答和否定回答兩種。
肯定回答:Yes, 主語+be( am , is , are)
否定回答:No, 主語+be(am, is ,are)+ not
---Is he your father?
---Yes, he is./No, he isn』nt.
如何寫尋物啟事和失物招領
必須包含以下要素:
1. 丟失或世道的物品的名稱,可直接用省略句 ,比如「A pen.」或「I lost my pen」以及「Is this your pen?」等表示,還要把物品的特徵表達清楚。
2. 丟失物品或拾到物品者的姓名
3. 聯系電話:Call Mary at XXX—XXXX.
Ⅱ 人教版初一英語(上冊)第一單元重點
一、教學目標
熟記第一單元單詞
熟練運用知識點
理解並會運用主系表和人稱代詞的用法
二.重點
理解並記憶單詞,知識點
三
.
難點
主系表和人稱代詞的用法
四
.
預習內容
1.
復習第一單元的單詞與課文
2.
查找知識點
導
案
學習過程
(一)導入,重申目標
(二)檢查預習情況
(三)自主,合作,探究
1.
make
friends
交朋友
2.
welcome
to
歡迎到
.....
Nice
to
meet
/see
you.
見到你很高興
答
語:
Nice to meet /see
you,
too.
見到你也很高興
4.
How
do
you
do
?
初次見面時的問候語
意為:你好嗎?
答語是:
How do you do ?
5. See you later.
回頭見
6.
—
How are you?
—
I'm fine, thank you.
And you?
—
I'm fine ,too.
Thank you.
</b></b>
foot
Tooth
Mouse mice
roof
單復數相同的:
deer sheep Chinese Japanese
以
O
結尾的
hero/ potato/ tomato +es
Radio photo +s
※
以
man
和
woman
結尾的
多數都是把
a
變
e
Policeman
—
policemen
但是
Germans
Romans
除
外
※
Man/woman+
名詞
變復數是前後兩個名詞
都變復數其他的多隻變後一個
※
A man doctor ----two men doctors
※
A W
oman teacher----- ten women teachers
三
.
人稱代詞的用法
第一人稱
第二人稱
第三人稱
主格
I/we
you
you
he /
she/they
賓格
me/us you/you him/her/them
人稱代詞的主格作主語,賓格作賓語用在動
詞或介詞後。
it
:
表示人以外的動物和東西。
②
也可以表示天氣,時間,距離等,此時
it
並不
意為
「它」
。
③
it
可代替不明性別和身份的人,
</b></b>
四
.
主語
+
系動詞
+
表語
表語通常是名詞
或形容詞等
例如:
He became a scientist.
They are honest.
His face goes red.
It grew dark.
五
.
課堂練習下列各句均有錯誤,請劃出並改
正:
(
10
分)
1. Are you Kitty? Yes, I'm.
2. - Who is he? - This is Kumiko.
3.
-
Where
is
she
from?
-
She's
from
canada.
4.Tom and Bill are in same class.
5.What class is she ?
六、句型轉換:
(
10
分)
1. This is a book.(
改為一般疑問句
)
_____ ______ a book?
2. They are in the same class.
(改為否定
句)
They ____ ______ in the same class.
3. Bill is in Class 3 Grade 7.
(對劃線部
分提問)
</b></b>
_______ ______ _____ Bill in ?
4. Is this a bike ?
(做否定回答)
______, it _______ .
5.Are
these
buses?
9
(改為單數意義的句子)
______ ______ a ______ ?
七、根據漢語,完成句子:
(
10
分)
1
、請問你叫什麼名字?
______ your ______, _______ ?
2
、
-
你來自中國嗎?
-
不,我來自加拿大。
_____ you _____ China? - No, I
』
m from Canada.
3
、你的電話號碼是多少?
______ your telephone ________?
4
、這是劉梅的自行車。
This is ________ ____________.
5
、我父親是老師,我母親是醫生。
My ______ is a ______, my ________ is a ________.
八、完成下列對話,
每空一詞:
(5
分
)
A: _______ me. What
』
s this ____ English ?
B: It
』
s ____ apple.
A: _____ do you _____ it?
B: A-_____ P
–
L-E, apple.
補全單詞:
1.
d__ct__ __
A. o, er B. u, or C. o, or D. o, ur
2.st__ d__ __t
A. u, en B. u, ne C. o, en D. a,ne
3.
tomo__ __ ow
A. r B. or C. ro D. rr
4.
m__ther
A. o
B
.e C.a D.u
</b></b>
II
、按要求寫出下列單詞的相應形式:
1. bus(
復數形式
) ___________ 2. he(
復數形式
) ___________
3. different(
反義詞
) _________4. these(
對應詞
) ___________
5. what is(
縮寫形式
) _________6.yes(
反義詞
) ___________
7. good (
反義詞
)_________ 8.
中學
(
漢譯英
) __________
9.
用英語
(
漢譯英
)_________ 10.
一年級四班
(
漢譯英
) _________
三、選擇填空:
(
15
分)
( ) 1. -- _______ , are you Michael? --Yes, I am.
A. Bill B. Excuse me C. Hi D. How are you
( ) 2. --Welcome to Canada. --_________.
A.Thank you B. Thank C. Thanks you D. Nice to meet you.
( ) 3. --How are you? --
A. See you tomorrow B. Good afternoon
C. Fine, thank you D. Good-bye
( ) 4. --Is he Kangkang? --
A. No, he is B. Yes, he's
C. Yes, he is D. No, I
』
m not
( ) 5. --Where are they from? -- _____________.
A. They're from Chicago B. Yes, they are from China
C. I am from Nanjing D. He is from China.
( ) 6. --Who's this? -- _______
A. She's Jones B. She's from the USA
C. This is Michael D. It
』
s Maria
( ) 7. -- _______ is he? --He is 14.
A. Where B. Who C. What D. How old
( ) 8. --_______ you Kitty? --Yes, I _____ .
A. Am; are B. Is; am C. Are; am D. Is, am
( ) 9. - _________.
–
It
』
s here.
A. Where are you from B. Who is this
C. Where is she D. Where is New York.
( ) 10.
–
hat
』
s that? - It
』
s an ______.
A. book B. books C. apple D. cake
( ) 11. What are those ? - _________.
A. It
』
s a bus B. Those are bus
</b></b>
C. They are buss D. They are boxes
( ) 12. - ______ are they in ? - They are in Grade 7.
A. What class B. What C. Where D. What class
( )
13.
–
Is
this
______
bike? -
No,
it
isn
』
t.
It
』
s
____bike
.
A. you, his B. his, her C. your, she D. she, his
( ) 14. This is ____ orange and that is ____ box.
A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a. an
( ) 15. -What class are you in? --I'm in _________
A. class 2, grade 8 B. Class one, Grade seven
C. Grade 6, Class 3, D. Class Three, Grade
Ⅲ 初一上學期英語知識點
知識是青年人的最佳的榮譽,老年人最大的慰藉,窮人最寶貴的財產,富人最珍貴的裝飾品。下面我給大家分享一些初一上學期英語知識,希望能夠幫助大家,歡迎閱讀!
初一上學期英語知識1
Unit1 My name』s Gina.
【重點 短語 】
1. my name 我的名字
2. your name 你的名字
3. her name 她的名字.
4. his name 他的名字
5. I』m .. . 我是……
6. first name 名字
7. last name/family name 姓氏
8. Ms. Brown 布朗女士
9. your school ID card 你的學生卡
10. phone/telephone number 電話號碼
11. his ID card number 他的身份證號碼
12. my friend 我的朋友
13. nice to meet you 很高興見到你
14. middle school 中學
15. in China 在中國
【重點句型】
1. — What』s your name? 你叫什麼名字?
一I』m /M y name is Alan. 我叫艾倫。
2. — What』s his/h e r name? 他/她叫什名字?
--His /Her name is Eric /Mary .他/她叫埃里克/瑪麗。
3. My friend is Eric Brown.
我朋友叫埃里克? 布朗。
4. My friend is in China.
我朋友在中國。
5. — What』s your last name? 你姓什麼?
—-My last name is Green. 我姓格林。
6. — My name』s Jenny Green. 我的名字是珍妮? 格林。
—I』m Gina. Nice to meet you!我是吉娜。很高興見到你
7. — What』s your telephone number?你的電話號碼是多少?
一I t 』s 281-9176. 我的電話號碼是281-9176
8. —Are you Helen? 你是海倫嗎?
— Yes, I am. 是的,我是。
11. — Is he Jack? 他是傑克嗎?
— Yes, he is. /N o,he isn』t. 是的,他是。/不,他不是。
【重點單詞】
name /neim/ n. 名字;名稱
nice /nais/ adj. 令人愉快的;宜人的
to /tu:/ 常用於原形動詞之前,該動詞為不定式
meet /mi:t/ v. 遇見;相逢
too /tu:/ adv. 也;又;太
your /j?:/ pron. 你的;你們的
Ms. /miz/ (於女子的姓名前,不指明婚否)女士
his /hiz/ pron. 他的
and /?nd/ conj. 和;又;而
her /h?:/ pron, 她的
yes /jes/ interj. 是的;可以
she /?i:/ pron. 她
he /hi:/ pron. 他
no /n?u/ interj. 不;沒有;不是
not /n?t/ adv. 不;沒有
zero /'zi?r?u/ num. 零
one /w?n/ num. 一
two /tu:/ num. 二 three /θri:/ num. 三
four /f?:/ num. 四 five /faiv/ num. 五
six /siks/ num. 六
seven /'sevn/ num. 七
eight /eit/ num. 八
nine /nain/ num. 九
telephone /'telif?un/ n. 電話;電話機
number /'n?mb?/ n. 號碼;數字
phone /f?un/ n. 電話;電話機
telephone/phone number 電話號碼
first /f?:st/ adj. 第一
first name 名字
last /la:st/ adj. 最後的;末尾的
last name 姓
friend /frend/ n. 朋友
China /'t?ain?/ 中國
middle /'midl/ adj. 中間的;中間
school /sku:l/ n. 學校
middle school 中學;初中
初一上學期英語知識2
Unit2 This is my sister.
【重點短語】
1. an uncle/aunt 叔叔/阿姨
2. his aunts and uncles 他的阿姨和叔叔們
3. my four friends 我的四個朋友
4. his parents 他的父母
5. my family 我的家
6. your brother/sister 你的兄弟/姐妹
7. these two girls 這兩個女孩
8. in Picture 1/in the first picture在 第一張圖片里
9. have a good day 過得愉快
10. my family photo 我家的全家福
11. a photo of my family 我家的一張照片
12. the name of my dog 我的狗的名字
13. in my family 在我家裡
14. two photos/pictures 兩張照片
【重點句型】
1. This is my friend Jane. 這是我的朋友簡。
2. These are my brothers. 這些是我的兄弟們。
3. Those are my brothers. 那些是我的兄弟們。
4. That』s my family. 那是我的全家。
5. —Are those/these your parents? 那/這些是你的父母嗎?
—Yes,they are. 是的,他們是。
6. — Who's he? 他是誰?
— He』s my brother,Paul. 他是我的兄弟,保羅。
7. 一Who are they? 他們是誰?
—They』re my grandparents. 他們是我的祖父母。
8. Here are two nice photos of my family.
這是我家兩張漂亮的照片。
9. My grandfather and grandmother are in the first photo.
我爺爺和奶奶在第一張照片里。
10. In the next picture are my brothers, Bob and Eric.
我的兄弟鮑勃和埃里克在下一張照片里。
【重點單詞】
sister /'sist?/ n. 姐;妹
mother /'m???/ n. 母親;媽媽
father /'fa:??/ n. 父親;爸爸
parent /'pe?r?nt/ n. 父(母)親
brother /'br???/ n. 兄;弟
grandmother /'gr?nm???/ n.(外)祖母;奶奶
grandfather /'gr?nfa:??/ n. (外)祖父;爺爺;
grandparent /'gr?npe?r?nt/ n.祖父(母);
family /'f?m?li/ n. 家;家庭
those /??uz/ pron. 那些
who /hu:/ pron. 誰;什麼人
oh /?u/ interj. 哦;啊
these /?i:z/ pron. 這些
they /?ei/ pron. 他(她、它)們
well /wel/ interj. 嗯;好吧
have /h?v/ v. 經受;經歷
Have a good day! (表示祝願)過得愉快!
bye // interj. (=goodbye)再見
son /s?n/ n. 兒子
cousin /'k?zn/ n. 堂兄(弟、姐、妹);表兄
grandpa /'gr?npa:/ n. (外)祖父;爺爺;外公
mom /m?m/, /ma:m/ n. (=mum)媽媽
aunt /a:nt/ n. 姑母;姨母;伯母;嬸母;舅母
grandma /'gr?nma:/ n.(外)祖母;奶奶;外婆;
dad /d?d/ n. 爸爸
uncle /'??kl/ n. 舅父;叔父;伯父;姑父;舅父
daughter /'d?:t?/ n. 女兒
here /hi?/ adv. (用以介紹人或物)這就是;在這里
photo /'f?ut?u/ n. 照片
of /?v, ?v/ prep. 屬於(人或物);關於(人或物)
next /nekst/ adj.&n. 下一個(的);接下來(的)
picture /'pikt??/ n. 照片;圖畫
girl /g?:l/ n. 女孩
dog /d?g/ n. 狗
初一上學期英語知識3
Unit3 Is this your pencil?
【重點短語】
1. your schoolbag 你的書包
2. his green pen 他的綠色的鋼筆
3. Anna』s books 安娜的書
4. her dictionary 她的字典
5. ask the teacher for ... 向老師要……
6. thank you for ... 因........而謝謝你
7. computer games 電腦游戲
8. in Classroom 7E 在7 E 教室里
9. in the school library 在學校圖書館
10. call me 給我打電話
11. call me at 495-3539 撥4 9 5 -3 5 3 9打電話給我
12. e-mail me at... 用……給我發電子郵件
13. my school ID card 我的學生卡
14. a set of keys 一串鑰匙
15. some keys 一些鑰匙
【重點句型】
1. — What』s this? 這是什麼?
—It』s a watch. 一塊手錶。
—How do you spell it? 你如何拼寫它?
W-A-T-C-H. W-A-T-C-H。
2.—Is this/that your pencil? 這是/那是你的鉛筆嗎?
—Yes, it is. It』s mine. /No, it isn』t. It』s his. 是的。它是我的。/不。它是他的。
3.—Excuse me,is this your pencil? 打擾一下,請問這是你的鉛筆嗎?
—Yes,thank you. 是的,謝謝你。
4.—Are these your books? 這些是你的書嗎?
—Yes, they are. They are mine. 是的。它們是我的。
5. 一Are those your keys? 那些是你的鑰匙嗎?
—No,they aren』t. They』re Bob. 不。它們是鮑勃的。
6. Thank you for your help. 謝謝你的幫助。
7. —The blue pen is his. 這支藍色鋼筆是他的。
—What about this dictionary? 那這本字典呢?
8.I lost my school ID card. I must find it.
我丟了我的學生卡。我必須找到它。
【重點單詞】
pencil /'pensl/ n. 鉛筆
book /buk/ n. 書
eraser /i'reiz?/ n. 橡皮
box /b?ks/ n. 箱;盒
pencil box 鉛筆盒;文具盒
schoolbag /'sku:lb?g/ n. 書包
dictionary /'dik??n?ri/ n. 詞典;字典
his /hiz/ pron. 他的
mine /main/ pron. 我的
hers /h?:z/ pron. 她的
excuse /ik'skju:z/ v. 原諒;寬恕
me /mi:/ pron. (I的賓格)我
excuse me 勞駕;請原諒
thank /θ??k/ v. 感謝;謝謝
teacher /'ti:t??/ n. 老師;教師
about /?'baut/ prep. 關於
What about...?(詢問消息或提出建議..怎麼樣?
yours /j?:z/ pron. 你的;你們的
for /f?:/ prep. 為了;給;對
thank you for... 為......而感謝
help /help/ v.&n. 幫助;援助
welcome /'welk?m/ adj. 受歡迎的
You're welcome. 別客氣。
baseball /'beisb?:l/ n. 棒球
watch /w?t?/ n. 表;手錶
computer /k?m'pju:t?/ n. 計算機;電腦
game /geim/ n. 游戲;運動;比賽
card /kɑ:d/ n. 卡片
ID card 學生卡;身份證
notebook /'n?utbuk/ n. 筆記本
ring /ri?/ n. 戒指
bag /b?g/ n. 袋;包
in /in/ prep. 在......里
library /'laibr?ri/ n. 圖書館
ask /ɑ:sk/ v. 請求;要求;詢問
ask...for... 請求;懇求(給予)
find /faind/ v. (過去分詞 found)找到;發現
some /s?m/ adj. 一些;某些
classroom /'klɑ:sru:m/ n. 教室
e-mail /'emeil/ n. (=email)電子郵件
at /?t/ prep. 按照;根據;在(某處、某時間時刻)
call /k?:l/ v. (給......)打電話
lost /l?st/ v. (動詞lose的過去式)遺失;丟失
must /m?st/ modal v. 必須
set /set/ n. 一套;一副;一組
a set of 一套;一副;一組
初一上學期英語知識4
Unit4 Where』s my schoolbag?
【重點短語】
1. my pencil box 我的鉛筆盒
2. on the sofa 在沙發上
3. in your schoolbag 在你的書包里
4. under your bed 在你的床底下
5. in your grandparents』 room 在你祖父母的房間里
6. a tape player 一台錄音機
7. a model plane 一個飛機模型
8. English books 英語書
9. in the bookcase 在書櫃里
10. under the radio 在收音機下面
11. on the teacher』s desk 在講台上
12. on your head 在你頭上
【重點句型】
1.—Where』s the schoolbag? 書包在哪裡?
— I t 』s under the table. 在餐桌下。
2.— Where are my books?我的書在哪裡?
—They』re on the sofa. 在沙發上。
3.Where is your ruler?
你的尺子在哪裡?
4.—Where』s my bag? 我的包在哪裡?
—Is it on your desk? 在你的書桌上嗎?
5.It』s not under the chair.
它不在椅子下面。
6.I think it 』s in your grandparents』 room.
我想它在你祖父母的房間里。
7.I『m tidy,but Gina is not.
我(東西放得)整齊,但吉娜不整齊。
8.I have a clock.
我有一台鍾。
9.Gina』s books are everywhere.
吉娜的書到處亂放。
【重點單詞】
where /we?/ adv. 在哪裡;到哪裡
table /'teibl/ n. 桌子
bed /bed/ n. 床
bookcase /'bukkeis/ n. 書架;書櫃
sofa /'s?uf?/ n. 沙發
chair /t?e?/ n. 椅子
on /?n/ prep. 在.......上
under /'?nd?/ prep. 在.......下
come /k?m/ v. 來;來到
come on 快點兒
desk /desk/ n. 書桌
think /θi?k/ n. 認為;想;思考
room /ru:m/ n. 房間
their /?e?/ pron. 他(她、它)們的
hat /h?t/ n. 帽子
head /hed/ n. 頭
yeah /je?/ interj. 是的;對
know /n?u/ v. 知道;了解
radio /'reidi?u/ n. 收音機;無線電廣播
clock /kl?k/ n. 時鍾
tape /teip/ n. 磁帶;錄音帶;錄像帶
player /plei?/ n.播放機
tape player 錄音機
model /'m?dl/ n. 模型
plane /plein/ n. 飛機
model plane 飛機模型
tidy /'taidi/ adj. 整潔的;井井有條的
but /b?t/ conj. 但是
our /'au?/ pron. 我們的
everywhere /'evriwe?/ adv. 處處;到處;各地
always /'?:lweiz/ adv. 總是
初一上學期英語知識5
Unit5 Do you have a soccer ball?
【重點短語】
1. have a volleyball 有一個 排球
2. play volleyball/tennis 打排球/ 網球
3. have a ping-pong/table tennis 有一個 乒乓球
4. play ping-pong/table tennis 打乒乓球
5. with our friends 和我們的朋友一起
6. have a football/soccer ball 有一個 足球
7. play football/soccer 踢足球
8. at school 在校,在上學
9. play sports 做運動
10. play computer games 玩電腦游戲
11. watch TV 看電視
12. in the same school 在同一所學校
13. after class 下課後
14. go to school 去上學
【重點句型】
1. —Do you have a ping-pong bat? 你有一個乒乓球拍嗎?
—No, I don』t. 不,我沒有。
2. —Do they have a computer? 他們有一台電腦嗎?
—Yes, they do. /No, they don't. 是的,他們有。/不,他們沒有。
3 .—Does he have a tennis ball?
他有一個網球嗎?
—Yes,he does. /No, he doesn』t.是的,他有。/不,他沒有。
4. He has two ping-pong bats.
他有兩個乒乓球拍。
5. They have a computer.
他們有一台電腦。
6. I don't have a soccer ball, but my brother does.
我沒有足球,但是我兄弟有。
7. She doesn』t have a volleyball.
她沒有排球。
8. Let』s play basketball!
讓我們(一起)去打 籃球 吧!
9. That sounds good.
那聽起來不錯哦。
10. — Let's play computer games! 讓我們(一起)玩電腦游戲吧!
一That sounds interesting. 那聽起來很有趣。
11. We go to the same school and we love soccer.
我們去同一所學校上學,我們熱愛足球。
12. We play soccer at school with our friends. It』s relaxing.
我們在學校里和朋友踢足球。這很放鬆。
13. I don』t have a soccer b all, but Alan does.
我沒有足球,但艾倫有。
14. I like ping-pong. It's easy for me.
我喜歡打兵兵球。這對我來說很容易。
15. Let me get it.
讓我去拿吧。
【重點單詞】
do /:/ aux v.&v. 用於否定句疑問句;做;干
have /h?v/ v. 有
tennis /'tenis/ n. 網球
ball /b?:l/ n. 球
ping-pong /'pi?p??/ n. 乒乓球
bat /b?t/ n. 球棒;球拍
soccer /'s?k?/ n. (英式)足球
soccer ball (英式)足球
volleyball /'v?lib?:l/ n. 排球
basketball /'ba:skitb?:l/ n. 籃球
hey /hei/ interj. 嘿;喂
let /let/ v. 允許;讓
us /?s/ pron. (we的賓格)我們
let's = let us 讓我們(一起)
go /g?u/ v. 去;走
we /wi:/ pron. 我們
late /leit/ adj. 遲到
has /h?z/ v. (have的第三人稱單數形式)有
get /get/ v. 去取(或帶來);得到
great /greit/ adj. 美妙的;偉大的
play /plei/ v. 參加(比賽或運動);玩耍
sound /saund/ v. 聽起來好像
interesting /'intr?sti?/ adj. 有趣的
boring /'b?:ri?/ adj. 沒趣的;令人厭倦的
fun /f?n/ adj. 有趣的;使人快樂的n.樂趣;快樂
difficult /'difik?lt/ adj. 困難的
relaxing /ri'l?ksi?/ adj. 輕松的;令人放鬆的
watch /w?t?/ v. 注視;觀看
TV /ti:'vi:/ n. (=television) 電視;電視機
watch TV 看電視
same /seim/ adj. 相同的
love /l?v/ v.&n. 愛;喜愛
with /wi?/ prep. 和......在一起;帶有;使用
sport /sp?:t/ n. 體育運動
them /?em/ pron. (they的賓格)他(她、它)們
only /'?unli/ adv. 只;僅
like /laik/ v. 喜歡;喜愛
easy /'i:zi/ adj. 容易的;不費力的
after /'a:ft?/ prep. 在......以後
class /kla:s/ n. 班級;課
classmate /'kla:smeit/ n. 同班同學
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Ⅳ 七上英語知識點總結歸納有哪些
七上英語知識點總結歸納如下:
一、be動詞的用法
be動詞有三種變形,分別是:am,is,are。記憶口訣:「我」用am,「你」用are,is用於「他、她、它」;單數全都用is,復數全部都用are。
二、一般疑問句及特殊疑問句
1、一般疑問句:能用Yes或No來回答的問句。一般疑問句句尾讀升調。
2、特殊疑問句:不能用Yes或No來回答的問句。特殊疑問句句尾讀降調。
三、these和those用法
this,that,these和those是指示代詞,these是this的復數形式,指時間、距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復數形式,指時間、距離較遠或前面已經提到過的人或事物。在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時,通常用they代替these或those以避免重復。
四、不定冠詞a和an
a和an都是不定冠詞,表示一(個,支,本,塊……)的意思,但不強調數量概念,而是強調類別,用來限定名詞。a用在輔音音素開頭的單數名詞前,如:a pencil(一支鉛筆),a book(一本書);an用在母音音素開頭的名詞前,如an eraser(一塊橡皮)。如果名詞前有修飾語,用a還是用an,則以該修飾語的第一音素決定用a還是用an。
五、There be句型
There be句型主要用以表達「某處(某時)有某人(某物)。」其基本結構為「There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時)」。其中there是引導詞,沒有詞義;主語是be後面的名詞, be是謂語動詞,在一般現在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。
Ⅳ 求初一上冊英語所有知識點總結
初一上冊英語所有知識點及練習:
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. Sit down
2. on ty
3. in English
4. have a seat
5. at home
6. look like
7. look at
8. have a look
9. come on
10. at work
11. at school
12. put on
13. look after
14. get up
15. go shopping
II. 重要句型
1. help sb. do sth.
2. What about…?
3. Let』s do sth.
4. It』s time to do sth.
5. It』s time for …
6. What』s…? It is…/ It』s…
7. Where is…? It』s….
8. How old are you? I』m….
9. What class are you in? I』m in….
10. Welcome to….
11. What』s …plus…? It』s….
12. I think…
13. Who』s this? This is….
14. What can you see? I can see….
15. There is (are) ….
16. What colour is it (are they)? It』s (They』re)…
17. Whose …is this? It』s….
18. What time is it? It』s….
III. 交際用語
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….
2. Hello! Hi!
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
4. How are you? I』m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?
5. See you. See you later.
6. Thank you! You』re welcome.
7. Goodbye! Bye!
8. What』s your name? My name is ….
9. Here you are. This way, please.
10. Who』s on ty today?
11. Let』s do.
12. Let me see.
IV. 重要語法
1. 動詞be的用法;
2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;
3. 名詞的單復數和所有格的用法;
4. 冠詞的基本用法;
5. There be句型的用法。
【名師講解】
1. in/on
在表示空間位置時,in表示在某個空間的范圍以內,on表示在某一個物體的表面之上。例如:
There is a bird in the tree. 樹上有隻鳥。
There is a picture on the wall. 牆上有張圖。
2. this/that/these/those
(1)this常常用來指在時間、地點上更接近講話人的人和事,these是this的復數形式。that常常用來指在時間、地點上離講話人更遠一點的人和事,those時that的復數形式。例如:
You look in this box and I』ll look in that one over there.你看看這個盒子,我去看那邊的那個盒子。
I want this car, not that car. 我想要這輛小汽車,不是那一輛。
Take these books to his room, please. 請把這些書拿到他房間去。
This is mine; that』s yours. 這個是我的,那個是你的。
These are apples; those are oranges. 這些是蘋果,那些是橘子。
(2)在打電話的用語中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是對方。例如:
This is Mary speaking. Who』s that? 我是瑪麗。你是誰?
3. There be/ have
There be "有",其確切含意為"某處或某時存在某人或某物。"其結構是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地點或時間的狀語。There be 後面的名詞實際上是主語,be 動詞的形式要和主語在數上保持一致,be動詞後面的名詞是單數或不可數名詞時用is,名詞是復數時用are。例如:
(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可樂。
(2) There is a doll in the box. 那個盒子里有個娃娃。
(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那樹上有許多蘋果。
總之,There be結構強調的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表示"擁有,佔有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞,與主語是所屬關系。例如:
(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個兄弟,一個姐姐。
(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四個房間。
4. look/ see/ watch
(1)look 表示「看、瞧」,著重指認真看,強調看的動作,表示有意識地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒對方注意。,如:
Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子們在玩電腦游戲。
Look! What』s that over there? 看!那邊那個是什麼?
單獨使用是不及物動詞,如強調看某人/物,其後接介詞at,才能帶賓語,如:
He』s looking at me。他正在看著我。
(2)see強調「看」的結果,著重的是look這個動作的結果,意思是「看到」,see是及物動詞,後面能直接跟賓語。如:
What can you see in the picture? 你能在圖上看到什麼?
Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什麼?
(3)watch「觀看,注視」,側重於場面,表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務的活動,強調過程,常用於「看電視、看足球、看演出」等。如:
Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場足球比賽。
4. put on/ / in
put on意為「穿上,戴上」。主要指「穿上」這一動作, 後面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。
in 是介詞,表示「穿著」強調狀態。在句中可以做定語、標語和狀語。如:
It』s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,走了出去。
The woman in a white blouse is John』s mother.穿白色襯衣的那個婦女是John的媽媽。
5. house/ home/family
house :「房子」,指居住的建築物; Home: 「家」,指一個人同家人共同經常居住的地方; Family: 「家庭「,「家庭成員」。例如:
Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午請到我家來。
He is not at home. 他不在家。
My family all get up early. 我們全家都起得很早。
6. fine, nice, good, well
四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意,但前三者既可作表語又可作定語,而後者僅用作表語。主要區別在於:
(1) fine指物時表示的是質量上的"精細",形容人時表示的是"身體健康",也
可以用來指"天氣晴朗"。例如:
Your parents are very fine. 你父母身體很健康。
That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的機器。
It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好時候。
(2)nice主要側重於人或物的外表,有"美好","漂亮"的意思,也可用於問候或贊揚別人。例如:
Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。
These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。
Nice to meet you. 見到你很高興。
It's very nice of you. 你真好。
(3)good形容人時指"品德好",形容物時指"質量好",是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語。例如:
Her son is a good student. 她兒子是一個好學生。
The red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車很好。
(4)well只可用來形容人的"身體好",但不能作定語,它也能用作副詞作狀語,多放在所修飾的動詞之後。例如:
I'm very well, thanks. 我身體很好,謝謝。
My friends sing well. 我的朋友們歌唱得好。
【考點掃描】
中考考點在本單元主要集中在:
1. 動詞be的用法;
2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;
3. 名詞的單復數和所有格的用法;
4. 冠詞的基本用法;
5. There be句型的用法。
6. 本單元學過的詞彙、短語和句型;
7. 本單元學過的日常交際用語。
考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。
【中考範例】
1. (2004年北京市中考試題)
Mary, please show ________ your picture.
A. my B. mine C. I D. me
【解析】答案:D。該題考查的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。本題中動詞show後面跟雙賓語,空白處應填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語。
2. (2004年上海市徐匯區中考試題)
_________ orange on the desk is for you, Mike.
A. A B.An C. / D. The
【解析】答案:D。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用法。因為是特指課桌上的那個橘子,所以用定冠詞the。
3. (2004年哈爾濱市中考試題)
---What _______ the number of the girls in your class?
---About twenty.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
【解析】答案:A。該題考查的是動詞be的用法和主謂一致。the number作主語,應該是單數第三人稱,動詞be變為is。
4. (2004年陝西省中考試題)
There _______ a football match on TV this evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
【解析】答案:B。該題考查的是There be…句型和動詞have用法區別。There be句型本身就表示「在某個地方存在某個人或物」,不能和動詞have混在一起用。
【滿分演練】
一. 單項填空
1. ---What colour is the bike?
---It』s _______ orange.
A. an B. a C. / D. the
2. That isn』t her bag. It』s ________.
A. my B. I C. mine D. me
3. ---Oh, your kite is very nice.
---__________________.
A. That』s right B. No, it』s not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you
4. The woman is sixty, but she _______ young.
A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches
5. It』s time ________ lunch. Let』s go home.
A. to B. in C. for D. on
6. ---________ is your coat?
---The black one.
A. What B. Where C. Which D. How
7. ---________ is the toy?
---It』s on the bed.
A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose
8. The shoes are too old. Put ________ over there.
A. it B. they C. their D. them
9. Excuse me. Can you _______ my watch, please?
A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at
10. Look _______ the blackboard and listen _______ the teacher.
A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after
11. ---Whose dress is this?
---It』s _________.
A. Lucy B. Lucy』s C. Jim D. Jim』s
12. The girl ______ the purple coat is his sister.
A. at B. in C. on D. with
13. There is a bird ______ the tree.
A. in B. on C. to D. of
14. There are many ________ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. woman teacher
C. women teacher D. women teachers
15. ---Is there a ball under the desk?
---______________________.
A. Yes, it is B. Yes, there』s
C. No, there isn』t D. No, there is
16. There _______ some books and a pencil on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
17. ---Let me help you.
---_______________.
A. You』re welcome B. Thanks very much
C. Don』t worry D. Yes, thanks
18. ______ old man is ______ English teacher.
A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a
19. ---What _____ five plus six?
---It』s eleven.
A. am B. is C. are D. /
20. ---What ______ you see in the picture?
---I can see some flowers.
A. must B. can C. are D. do
二. 完形填空
This is a picture of Kat』s ____1____. What can we ____2_____ in the picture? Look ____3____ it, please. The man ____4____ the black coat is Kate』s father, Mr. Green. The ____5____ in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They ____6____ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kate』s ____7_____, Jim. ___8____ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, he』s ____9___ brother, Mr. Read. He ____10____ young, too.
1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers
2. A. look B. do C. see D.put
3. A. at B. after C. for D. up
4. A. on B. of C. in D. to
5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman
6. A. are B. is C. look like D. looking
7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt
8. A. What』s B. Where』s C. Who』s D. How is
9. A. his B. her C. our D. their
10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very
三. 在B欄中找出A欄英語句子的正確答語
(A) (B)
1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6.
2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you.
3. How do you do? C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.
4. What row are you in? D. It is ten.
5. What』s two plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too.
6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14.
7. How old are you? G. Wang Ping is.
8. Who』s not here? H. It』s here.
9. Where is the bag? I. It』s a book.
10. What is this in English? J. How do you do?
四. 完成對話:在對話後面的句子中選出正確的填入空白處
Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours?
Ann: Let me have a look.________1_______. I think it』s Sam』s. My dog is brown.
Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind the tree.________2__________?
Sam: Sorry, it isn』t mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Mary』s.
Jim: _____________3______________?
Sam: She』s my friend. Look! She』s over there. Let』s go and ask her.
Jim: _______________4_______________.
Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?
Mary: _______________5_______________.
Sam: It』s a lovely dog! Don』t lose it!
Mary: Yes, thank you.
A. Who』s Mary
B. OK, let』s go
C. Oh, no it』s not mine
D. Oh, yes. It』s mine
E. Is it yours
五. 用所給單詞的適當形式填空
1. ________ (He) pen is in ______ (I) pencil-box.
2. ________ (You) shoes ________ (be) under the bed.
3. ________ (Who) new ruler is this?
4. ---Are these trousers _______ (you)?
---No, they aren』t ________ (we)
5. It』s time ________ (go) and play games.
6. This is my pen. Please give it to ________ (I).
7. I have two ________ (baby).
8. Look! That is a ________ (China) car.
9. It is __________ (my teacher) sweater.
10. Now her ________ ( parent) are in America.
六. 閱讀理解
(A)
Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.
根據短文的內容,判斷下列句子的正誤:正確地答「A」,錯誤的答「B」。
1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.
2. He has two brothers and a sister.
3. There are five people in his family.
4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school.
5. 「He is an apple in their eyes」 means 「They love him very much」.
(B)
Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's.
1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can see __________.
A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed
2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They are ________.
A. green B. black C. brown
3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on _________.
A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C. lily's bed
4. How many beds are there in the room? ________.
A. only one B. three C. two
5. Are there any things on Lily's bed? ________.
A. Yes, there is a hat on it
B. No, there is not anything on it
C. Sorry, I don't know
(C)
It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are many people in it. Some of them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. They are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.
There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the Great Wall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see it very much.
1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall __________.
A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus
2. There are __________.
A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two Chinese in the bus
C. only two Chinese on the bike D. only one Chinese in the car
3. The driver is __________.
A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. an American
4. The people __________.
A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall
5. They __________.
A. can see the Great Wall B. can speak English very well.
C. want to talk with the man very much D. want to see the Great Wall very much
Ⅵ 人教版初一英語上冊單元知識點歸納
在英語中詢問「怎麼樣?」是個很常見的話題,牽涉到不同的意思和不同的句型,只有以恰當的句型去適應不同的意思,才能體現 「原汁原味」的英語。常見的相關句型有:
一、在詢問、提出建議或徵求對方意見時,用「What (how) about...?」的句型,about 的後面可以接名詞、動名詞或代詞。如:
I'm going to fly a kite this afternoon. What about you?
今天下午我要去放風箏。你呢?
What about playing chess now? 現在下棋怎麼樣?
二、要詢問某人或某事現在的情況(如身體狀況,學習狀況等),用「How is (are)...?」的句型。如:
How's everything there?
那兒一切怎麼樣?
How's your father? Is he much better now?
你父親怎樣?現在好多了嗎?
三、要詢問人的外貌、品德(重點指客觀印象)或天氣情況,用「What's ... like ...?的句型。如:
What's the weather like today? = How's the weather today?
今天天氣怎麼樣?
— What's his mother like?
— She's tall and thin.
他媽媽長得怎樣?
她長得又高又瘦。
四、要詢問對某事物的感覺和喜歡的程度時用「How do you like ...?」的句型。如:
How do you like the cartoon film 「Mickey And Mouse」?
你覺得卡通電影「米老鼠和唐老鴨」怎麼樣?
How do you like Hangzhou?
你覺得杭州怎麼樣?
五、要詢問對方對某事的看法和態度或想法時,用「What do you think of ...?」的句型。如:
What do you think of the supergirls?
你認為超級女生怎麼樣?
What do you think of the plan?
你覺得這個計劃怎樣?
六、要詢問對方工作學習進展現狀情況或與人相處得如何時用 「How are you getting on with…?」的句型。如:
How are you getting on with your English study?
你英語學得怎樣?
How are you getting on with your classmates?
你與你的同班同學相處得怎麼樣?
七、要詢問對方的外貌、舉止等,強調主觀印象,用「What do (does) ... look like?」的句型。
如:
— What does Linda look like?
— She looks like an engineer.
琳達看起來像什麼?
她看上去像個工程師。
八、要詢問一個人的臉色,有時也指一個人的情緒或精神狀態時用「How do (does) ... look?」的句型。如:
— How does the teacher look now?
— He looks very pleased.
— 老師現在怎樣?
— 他看上去很高興。
Ⅶ 七年級上冊英語知識點歸納,急要
初一英語上學期期中復習
【學習目標】
一、語音知識 ※1.
※2. 單詞重讀 'dinner 'kitchen 'shower 'people for'get p i'ano de'licious re'view
二、詞彙 ※ 1. 1-6單元黑體字單詞
※ 2. 片語 what about=how about …怎麼樣(認為 如何)
fall asleep=be asleep 入睡
eat up 吃光
go to bed 上床睡覺
watch TV 看電視
only child 獨生子、獨生女
wash the dishes 洗盤子
at school/home/work 在學校 / 家 / 工作
go up 起床
live with sb. 和某人住在一起
三、日常用語 §1. What's your name? My name is Mike.
§2. Are you happy? Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
§3. What's your favorite subject? My favorite subject is English.
§4. Do you like sports? Yes, I do./No, I don't.
四、語法
副詞
§1. 詞類:名詞、冠詞、形容詞、
§2. 比較等級
【知識講解】
※1. 名詞 ①表示人或事物的名稱,如 boy, clock, b ook, tree。 總的說來,名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞 兩大類。 專有名詞是個別的人、事物、地點等專有 的名稱,如: Jim, China 專有名詞的第一個字母要大寫,如:Beiji ng, New York
②名詞按其所表示的事物的性質分為可數 名詞和不可數名詞。 可數名詞:可以用數目計算,有單數和復 數兩種形式,如:an apple, two apples, a car, some cars 不可數名詞:一般無法用數目計算,沒有 復數形式,且不用不定冠詞a/an修飾, 如:water, milk, meat, tea, bread, rice
③單數名詞變復數名詞的規則如下表:
註:①少數名詞的復數是不規則的,如: man→men woman→women child→chil dren ②表示民族的名詞,有的在詞尾加 s , 如: an American→three Americans ③有的單、復數形式相同,如: a Chine se→four Chinese a sheep→three sheep a deer→five deer
※2. 冠詞 冠詞是一種虛詞,不能單獨使用,只能和 一個名詞一起使用,並幫助說明此名詞。 冠詞有兩類,即定冠詞the 和不定冠詞a/an。 ①不定冠詞 常表示「一」的概念,有兩種 形式:a和an。a用在輔音音素開頭的單 數可數名詞前,如:a book, a pen;an 用在母音音素開頭的名詞前,如:an ap ple,an orange,an egg。
②定冠詞the 常表示「這個」「那個」「這些」「 那些」的概念,the在母音 音素前讀,在 輔音音素前讀 ,如:the moon, the eveni ng。 eg. ①-Do you have an English book? -Yes, but the English book is broken.
② There is a chicken in the picture.
③ We can't see the sun at night.
④ The Browns are going to the park this Sunday.
⑤ Shanghai is in the east of China.
※3. 形容詞 用來修飾名詞,表示人或事物的特徵,在 句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補足語。 如: It's a sunny day today. Let's go to t he park. This book is good. It's very nice of you to help us.
常見形容詞的同義詞與近義詞: large→big 大的 glad→happy/pleased 高興的 clever→bright 聰明的 ill→sick 病的 fine→well 好的
常見形容詞的反義詞和對應詞: bad(壞的)→good(好的) big(大的)→small(小的) busy(忙的)→ free(空閑的) dry(乾的)→wet(濕的) same(相同的)→different(不同的) empty(空的)→full(滿的) cold(寒冷的)→hot(熱的) open(開著的)→closed(關閉的) poor(窮的)→rich(富的)
※4. 副詞 用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句 ,在句中作狀語或表語。 eg. Now he is back in New York again. 現在他又回到了紐約。 Mike is a good student. He often does hi s homework carefully.
副詞一般分為七大類: ①時間副詞: now, often, then, early, ag o, before ②地點副詞: here, there, out, above, up, down ③方式副詞: hard, well, badly, fast, slo wly ④程度副詞: very, much, still, almost, t oo, so ⑤疑問副詞: how, when, why, where ⑥關系副詞: when, where, why ⑦連接副詞: now, where, why
often 等表示「頻率」的時間副詞,總被放 在句子中間,又稱「中置副詞」。這類副詞 有 always(總是)、 usually(通常)、 sometimes(有時)、ever(曾經)、
ver(從不)等。 「中置」規律: ①放在單個的 be 動詞之後; ②放在單個實義動詞之前; ③謂語動詞為多個詞時,放在第一個助動 詞或情態動詞之後。 如: You are always late for school. 你 總是上學遲到。 I usually go to school by bike. I never see that book. He often helps other students. He goes to work on foot sometimes.
※5. 比較等級 在進行比較的時候,形容詞和副詞有原級 、比較級和最高級三種形式。 規則形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級加 -er或-est。 (1)不規則變化的形容詞和副詞如下: →better→best
→wors →worst
(許多)many/much→more→most (幾乎沒有)little→less→least (遠的)far→farther→farthest (老的,舊的)old
(2)三種句型 ① 原級句型: as+形容詞/副詞+as,表示「和…一樣」; 否定句式:not as/so +形容詞/副詞+a s,表示「和…不一樣」。 eg. I think Kate does just as well as Ann. If you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can. I don't like the film. It's not so interestin g as that one.
② 比較級句型: a. 主語+謂語+比較級+than+其它, 表示「較…一些」。 eg. This city is more beautiful than that one. It is hotter today than yesterday. He is a much nicer worker.
b. 比較級+and+比較級,more and mo re+原級,表示「越來越…」,說明本身程 度的改變。 eg. The world's population is growing fa ster and faster. 世界人口增長得越來越快。 more and more beautiful 越來越漂亮
c. the+比較級, the+比較級,表示「越… 就越…」,說明隨著前邊條件的變化,後 邊的結果也發生變化。 eg. The more she eats, the fatter she'll b e. 她吃得越多就會越胖。 The more, the better. 越多越好。
③ 最高級句型: 主語+謂語+(the)形容詞或副詞的最 高級+in/of 註:最高級前一般要用the,如: He is t he most careful student. 但在副詞最高級前the可以省去,如:He writes(the)most carefully in his class . This kind of cake is the most delicious. I like English best. Mike is the youngest in his class. He runs fastest.
初一英語上冊專題重點動詞 一、be動詞 1. 根據人稱的不同,be動詞有三種基本 形式,分別為am,is和are。am用於單 數第一人稱(I);is用於單數第三人稱(he ,she,it);are用於第二人稱和復數第一 ,二,三人稱(we,you,they)。 例:I am fifteen years old. 我十五歲了。 You are my friend forever. 你永遠是我的朋友。 He is a hard-working student. 他是一個刻苦努力的學生。 The students are reading books in the cl assroom. 學生們都在教室里讀書。
2. be動詞的否定形式直接在後面加not. I am not fifteen years old. He is not a hard-working student. The students are not reading books in t he classroom.
3. 把be動詞的肯定句變成疑問則要直接 把動詞be提到句首,變型如下: Are you fifteen years old? Is he a hard-working student? Are the students reading books in the cl assroom?
二. 行為動詞 1. match v. 相稱;匹配 ● match. . . with. . . e. g. Match the words with the pictures ,please. 請把單詞和圖畫相搭配。
2. practise v. 練習 ●practise doing sth. 練習做。。。 e. g. He practices speaking English ever y day. 他每天都練習讀英語。
3. welcome v. 歡迎. ● welcome sb. to sp. e. g. Please welcome Betty and Tony to our school. 歡迎貝蒂和托尼來我們學校。
4. invite v. 邀請 ● invite sb. to do sth. e.g. Tom invites me to go to the concert with him on Saturday. 湯姆邀請我跟他周六一起去參加音樂會。 ● invite sb. to sp. e. g. Daming invites Tony to the cinema. 大明邀請托尼去看電影。 ● invitation(n. ) send an invitation to sb. 對某人發出邀請
5. ask v. 請求 ● ask sb. to do sth. e. g. Tony asks Daming to go to a baske tball match. 托尼叫大明一起去看籃球賽。
6. have v. 有 ● have lessons上課 ● have a rest 休息 ● have a look at sth. 看看... ● have dinner 吃飯 ● have a good time 玩的開心 ● have a break 課間休息 ● have a party 舉辦聚會 e. g. We have three lessons in the morni ng. 我們早上有三節課。 At eleven o'clock,we have a break and I talk with my friends. 11點我們課間休息,我和我的朋友們聊 天。 In the evening,we watch TV and have dinner. I do my homework and go to bed at ten o'clock. 晚上,我們看電視並且吃晚飯。我做作業 然後十點上床睡覺。
7. send v. 發送 ● send sb sth(send sth. to sb. ) e. g. We usually send him a birthday car d. 我們經常送給他一張生日卡片。
8. make v. 製作。 ● make sth. for sb. e. g. And we often make a cake for his bi rthday. 我們經常為他的生日做一個生日蛋糕。 ● make travel plans on the Internet e. g. Do you often make travel plans on t he Internet? 你們經常在網上制定旅遊計劃么? ● make a trip to the zoo e. g. Let's make a trip to the zoo. 讓我們一起去動物園吧。
9. like v. 喜歡 ● like doing sth. e. g. Daming's uncle likes reading and h e reads a lot of books. 大明的叔叔喜歡閱讀,並且他經常讀很多 書。 ● would like sth/to do sth. e. g. Would you like to go to the cinema with Betty and me? 你願意跟我和貝蒂一起去電影院么? Would you like some tea? 你想來點茶葉么?
10. talk v. 談話 ● talk to (with) sb. e. g. I often talk to my friends on the pho ne. 我經常跟我的朋友打電話。 ● talk about sth. e. g. I often talk about our favorite singe rs with my best friends after school. 我經常在課後跟我最要好的朋友們談論我 們喜歡的歌星。
11. stay v. 停留 ● stay at home e. g. Let's stay at home and watch TV. 讓我們留在家裡看電視。 ● stay healthy e. g. Mr. and Mrs. Brown do lots of sport s and stay healthy. 布朗先生和布朗太太做很多運動,保持健 康。
12. visit v. 參觀 ● visit sb/sp. e. g. Welcome to Beijing Zoo. Sixteen th ousand people visit it every year. 歡迎來到北京動物園。每年有16000人在 此參觀。
三. 情態動詞can 情態動詞特點: 1)後面加動詞原型。
2)否定句和疑問句不需要藉助助動詞構成 。 e. g. I can play basketball. Can you? 我會打籃球,你會么? That can't be our teacher:our teacher i s in her office right now. 那不會是我們老師,我們的老師現在正在 辦公室呢。
動詞練習 一. 用適當的介詞填空。 1. Can you match the words _______ the pictures? 2. Let's welcome the foreign friends ____ ___ our country. 3. I want to invite my sister ______ my ho me. 4. Let's have a party and I will send lots of invitations __ my friends. 5. Can I have a look ___________ your ne w watch?
6. It's Father's Day tomorrow, and I will send a present _____ my father. 7. Can you make a cake _____ me? 8. My parents always buy a birthday cak e _____ me ____ my birthday. 9. She usually buys CD _____ her favorit e singers. 10. I often talk __ my mother on the pho ne.
11. Let's stay _____ home and watch TV. 12. I usually download music _____ the I nternet. 13. I am a writer and I write my novels _ ______ my computers. 14. I listen _____ music every day. 15. The polar bear comes ______ the Arc tic.
16. He often writes _____ his friends. 17. Every day I often talk_____ my parent s_____ the interesting things in school. 18. On my birthday, I get lots of present s _____ my family and friends. 19. Who switch______ the lights? It's so dark in the room, let me switch them
二、用所給動詞適當形式填空。 1. Daming ________ (be) in Class Two. 2. Lingling and Daming _____ (be) good f riends. 3. Lingling with Daming _____ (be) at sc hool now. 4. He can ____ (speak) English. 5. We can _____ (play) basketball and __ ____ (swim).
6. Tony _____ (ride) a bike to school ever y day. 7. Lucy and Lily sometimes _____ (do) th eir homework at school. 8. I want _____ (invite) Lily ____ (see)a fil m with me after class. 9. I ask my mother _____ (choose) a boo k for me. 10. What about _____ ( have ) a birthday party?
11. He likes ________ (play) computer ga mes and __ (play) cards at weekends. 12. Let Lingling ______ (watch) TV with me, please. 13. How about______ (go) swimming on Sunday? 14. I would like _____ (have) dinner with you tomorrow. 15. Let's go and ______ (see) a panda.
三、時態填空。 1. We often _______ (play) in the playgro und. 2. He _____ (get) up at six o'clock. 3. _____ you _____ (brush) your teeth eve ry morning. 4. What ________ (do) he usually______ (d o) after school? 5. Danny _____ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
6. Mike sometimes _____ (go) to the par k with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she _____ (watch) TV with his parents. 8. _____ Mike ______ (read) English every day? 9. How many lessons ____ your classma te _____ (have) on Monday? 10. What time _____ his mother _____ (do ) the housework?
四. 按要求修改句子。 1. Do you often play basketball after sch ool? (肯定回答) 2. I have a lot of books. (改為否定句) 3. Betty's mother likes playing table ten nis. (改為否定句) 4. She lives in a town near New York. ( 改為一般疑問句) 5. I watch TV every day. (改為一般疑問 句)
6. Tom has got a goal. (改為一般疑問句) 7. We have Chinese lessons in the after noon. (否定句) 8. Nancy doesn't run fast. (肯定句) 9. My dog runs fast. 否定句 10. Mike has two letters for him. 一般疑問句: 否定句:
練習參考答案: 一、用適當的介詞填空。 1. with 2. to 3. to 4. to 5. at 6. to 7. for 8. for, on 9. by 10. to(with) ll. at 12.