⑴ 人教新目標九年級英語1至15單元知識點誰能告訴我
How do you study for a test?
[教學目標]1.談論如何學習英語。(talk about how to study English)
2.學慣用 「動詞+ by + doing」表示 「方式、方法。」(by doing)
3.復習現在完成時。(have/has + done)
4.復習提建議的方法。(What about…? Why don't you…?)
5.學習一些重點片語。(key phrases)
[單元內容概述] 一.單詞。
1.名詞類:pronunciation,voice,skill,grammar,comma,challenge,sentence,learner,speaker,solution,secret,
term, service, status, symbol, expert, tune,
2.動詞類:memorize, frustrate, add, pronounce, complete, ring, impress,
3.形容詞類:specific,frustrating,excited,spoken,native,mobile,ashamed,old-fashioned,outdated,
fashionable, latest, embarrassed, main
這些詞都是四會詞彙,所謂四會詞彙就是:一會讀音、二會拼寫、三會意思、四會用法。
e.g. excitedget excited adout對…感到很興奮
4.副詞類:aloud, differently, quickly, slowly, fast, actually, easily,
[重點片語](Key Phrases)二.片語
1.not at all 一點也不 2.end up(doing) sth 結束做某事
3.make mistakes 犯錯 4.later on 後來
5.be afraid to do 害怕做某事 6.laugh at 嘲笑(某人)
7.take notes 作筆記 8.enjoy doing sth 喜歡做某事
9.make up 組成 10.mobile phone行動電話,手機
11.on one's way to在某人去某地的路上 12. be shamed of因…感到慚愧
13.behind the times過時的,老式的14. turn off 關掉(電視、收音機、電燈等)
15.worst of all最糟糕的是 16.fit in with sb 與某人相處融洽
17.native speaker 說本族語的人 18.begin with 以…開頭
19.the best way to do…做某事最好的辦法 20.write down 寫下,記下
21.once more又一次,再一次 22. first of all 首先
23.give up 放棄 24.think about 考慮
25.at the time 當時 26.make sb do sth 使某人做某事
27.send fast / short messages 發快/簡訊 28.status symbol 身份的象徵
29.spend … on sth在…花費(時間,金錢) 30.if… or not 是否
31. be with sb 與某人在一起 32.get excited about 對…感到激動
三.句型
1.How do you study for tests? Well, I study (by working) with my classmates.
2.(Have) you ever (studied) with a group? Yes, I have. I'(ve learned) a lot that way.
3.I don't have a partner to practice English with. May be you (should join) an English club.
4.(What about) reading aloud to practice pronunciation?
5.(Why don't) you join an English language club?
後面的3、4、5句都是表示提建議的方法。
[重、難點講解]一.重點詞彙
1.voice n.說話聲;聲音(the sound that are made when people speak or sing)
e.g. He spoke in a quite (loud / angry / kind) voice. 他悄聲/大聲/生氣/友好地講話。
The little girl has a very sweet voice.那個小女孩聲音甜美。
We could hear the children's voice in the garden.我們能夠聽見花園里孩子們的說話聲。
He's got a good voice; he sings well.他嗓音好,歌唱得好。
◆注意:voice ;sound 與 noise 的區別:
(1)sound「聲音; 響聲」指各種各樣的聲響。(可數名詞)例如:
While I worked in my room, I heard a strange sound in my house.
當我在房間里工作的時候,我聽見房間里有一種奇怪的聲音。
When she woke, her ear caught the sound of knocking.她醒來時聽到了敲門聲。
There was a sound on footsteps on the staircase outside.外面樓道上有腳步聲。
(2) noise 聲音(可數,不可數)Don't make so much noise! 別吵!
The noise of traffic kept him awake.車輛的嘈雜聲使我怎麼也睡不著。
We could not hear them because of the noise from the factory.
因為工廠的噪音,我們聽不見他們在說什麼。
voice人說話聲;聲音sound聲音; 響聲,各種各樣的聲響。(可數名詞)
noise聲音(尤指噪音)(可數,不可數)
2.frustrate v.使失望;使沮喪;使厭煩
e.g. He hoped to set a new record, but(was frustrated)by bad weather.
他本希望能創造新記錄,但因天氣惡劣而未果。
The bad weather (frustrated) all our hopes of going out.
惡劣的天氣使我們外出的希望落空。
Marry (was frustrated by) the failure of the English examination.
英語考試未及格使瑪麗很失望。
frustrate使失望;使沮喪;使厭煩frustrated、frustrating是相應的形容詞。
●frustrating adj 令人沮喪的;令人失望的(通常修飾事物)
All this is rather(frustrating).所有的這一切都很令人失望。
I found it(frustrating)that I can't speak other language.我不會說別的語言,感到惘然若失。
●frustrated a.感到灰心的,感到沮喪的 (通常修飾人)
e.g. I felt frustrated at that time. 那時我覺得很沮喪。
frustrated感到灰心的,感到沮喪的(通常修飾人)
frustrating令人沮喪的;令人失望的(通常修飾事物)
◆類似的還有:
interesting令人感興趣的 interested 感興趣的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的
boring 無聊的 bored 感到無聊的
exciting令人興奮的 excited 感到興奮的
worrying 令人擔心的 worried擔心的;著急的
surprising 令人吃驚的 surprised驚奇的;驚訝的;詫異的
mbarrassing 令人困窘的 embarrassed窘的;尷尬的;局促不安的
3.impress v.使感動;給…深刻印象;使印象深刻
e.g. The visit to Shanghai(impressed)me a lot.上海之行給我留下了深刻印象。
My father impressed on me the(importance)of hard work.我父親使我銘記勤勉的重要。
4.by 的用法◆by是介詞,表示通過…方法或途徑的意思,譯成「靠,通過」,後面可加名詞或名詞短語。
e.g.The house was destroyed(by fire).房屋被火燒毀了。
travel(by air /land/sea).航空(陸路,航海)旅行
go(by train /boat/ bus)乘火車(船,公共汽車)去
shake sb.(by the hand)和某人握手
I study English(by watching English movies).我通過看英文電影學英語。
by後面加名詞如:by fire、by air、by sea、by train、by bus或名詞短語by the hand或動名詞by watching
◆另外,by作為介詞的意義有很多,我們也已經學過一些用法,總結如下:
(1)在…旁邊,靠近 e.g.There is a power station by the river.河邊有一個電廠。
(2)沿著,經由 e.g. come by the highway 由公路來
(3)由於 e.g. by mistake 由於差錯
(4)被,由 e.g. some articles written by Lu Xun. 一些由魯迅寫的文章
(5)表示面積 e.g. a room 5m by 4m一間長五米、寬四米的房間
(6) 逐批 e.g. one by one 一個接一個
5.end up (doing sth) 終止(做某事),結束(做某事)
end up後面接動名詞短語,相當於finish doing sth
finish doing sth表示結束做某事,事情已完成
e.g. When we practice speaking English,we often end up speaking in Chinese.
◆要注意它與stop doing sth 的區別:
stop doing sth指停止做某事,有可能是暫時的,不久還會繼續下去。
e.g.We had to stop singing because somebody knocked at the door因為有人敲門,我們不得不停止唱歌。
◆另外,end up with…以…而告終,後面加名詞或動名詞
e.g. The party ended up with her singing. 晚會以她的歌唱而告終。
6.fit in(with).(和…)相處融洽; 使適應;(與…)一致
e.g.The picture doesn't(fit)in here. 那幅畫不適合掛這兒。
He doesn't(fit in)with their other friends.他和其他的朋友相處得不好。
We must(fit in)our plan with yours.我們必須使我們的計劃和你們的一致。
Your ideas(fit in with)mine.你的想法和我的一致。
The house(fits in)beautifully(with)its surroundings.這房子和周圍的環境十分諧調。
7.get excited 變得興奮
get是系動詞,get+ adj./過去分詞, 有「(逐漸)變得…」的含義
e.g. get mad 生氣get annoyed生氣; 惱火
get lost 迷路get interested變得感興趣
get worried 擔心get married結婚
這些都是get加上形容詞或加上過去分詞,以過去分詞形式的形容詞。
get tired變得疲勞get old變老
get clear 變得清晰了get amazed 變得異常驚訝
The long journey got the children all tired.長途旅行使得孩子們疲憊不堪
注意get加上adj或以過去分詞出現的形容詞的含義。
二.重點句型1.He thinks(studying grammar)is a great way to learn a language.
他認為學習語法是一種學習語言的極好的方法。
studying grammar在這個句子當中是充當is a great way to learn a language的邏輯主語。
動名詞即動詞V-ing形式,相當於名詞。在句子中可做主語,賓語,表語等。
(e.g.)I think that(doing lots of listening practice)is one of the secrets of learning.
doing lots of listening practice 是動名詞短語,作從句中的主語。
listening做定語,修飾 practice
在賓語從句中doing lots of listening practice是主語,listening修飾 practice。
(2)I am enjoying(learning English).(動名詞短語做賓語)
(3)(Seeing)is(believing).眼見為實。(seeing做主語,believing做表語)
2.I don't have a partner to(practice)English(with).我沒有一個可以一起操練英語的搭檔。
◆在英語中,很多介詞放在句末時,都不可以省略,否則,句子結構不完整。又如:
I don't have a partner to practice English(with)這個with不能省,則句子結構不完整。
e.g.I don't have a friend to talk(with).句中with不能省。
I don't have a friend to tal kwith.我沒有朋友可以聊天，可以交談。
I want to find a room to live(in).我想找間房子住。這里的in不能省掉。
This is just the book I'm looking(for).這正是我找的那書本。
同樣的for不能省掉。
所以大家要注意介詞是不能隨便省略的。
二.語法1.如何提建議◆提建議的有以下種種:
(What about)listening to cassettes?(What about…?)
You(should)read English aloud. (You should…)
Listening(can)help you. (can…)
(Why don't you)join an English language club to practice speaking.(Why don't you…?)
(Would you mind)remembering new words by flashcards?( Would you mind…?)
(Please try to)talk with your friends in English as much as possible.(Please try to…)
(Why not)go out with English-speaking friends. (Why not …)
(You'd better)practice English every day.(You'd better…)
常見的提建議的方法有:What about do sth?、Why not do sth、Why don't you do sth?、
You'd better do sth、Would you mind do sth?
2.By + V-ing 表示「方式、方法」
eg.He makes a living by fishing.他靠打魚為生。
I improved my English by listening to pop songs.我通過聽流行歌曲而提高我們的英語。
◆主意下面表示學習英語方法的目標句型:—How do you study English?
—I study English by listening cassettes.
by studying with a group.by watching English programs on TV.
by enjoying English songs.by taking part in English classes after school.
by getting an English tutor.by reading English magazines and newspaper.
by surfing the Internet.by making flashcards.
by reading the textbook.by asking the teacher for help.
by making vocabulary lists.by taking notes carefully.
by having the English class carefully.by finishing my homework seriously.
Unit 1 I used to beafraid of the dark.
【教學目標】(Talk aboutwhat youused to be likeandhow we've changed)
·談論自己的過去及現在的變化
(Practise using thetarget language.)·練習使用本單元的目標英語
(Review the PastTense)·復習一般過去時
In this unit we willtalk about what weused to be like.Everyone has a lot ofold stories.
Every day we aregrowing up.And a lot of changeshave happened to us.
Therefore sometimeswe'd like to talkabout our past.
Through learning thisunit, we can talkmore about ourselvesin a proper way.
【單元內容概述】一、單詞1.名詞類:dark,spider,insect,mark,emotive,expression,code,kiss.
2.動詞類:sure,terrify,seek,type,seal,indicate,comprehend,consist,describe.
3.形容詞類:dark,on,bored,secret,4.副詞類:right,mostly,sideways.
二、片語和短語(Key Phrases) 1.used to過去常常
2.be terrified of害怕…;恐懼…3.in the past fewyears在近幾年
4.be made up of由…組成 5.sound like聽起來像
6.go right home立刻回家7.can't stop doingsth.禁不住做某事
8.instead of代替,而不是9.make faces做鬼臉
10.consist of由…組成11.come from 來自於…
12.stand for代表,代替13.face to face面對面
14.such as例如15.worry about擔心
16.on the swim team在游泳隊17.play the piano彈鋼
18.chat with和…聊天19.miss the old days懷念舊日子
20.these days最近21.take sb…to do sth花費某人(多長時間)做某事
三、交際用語1.A:Mario used to beshort.(used to…)B:Yes,he did.Now he's tall!
2.Girl:Hey,Steve!Overhere!Don't youremember me?Boy:Oh,wow!You're Paula,aren't you?
(反意疑問句)Girl:That's right.Boy:But you used tobe really quiet,didn't you?
(反意疑問句)Girl:Yeah.I wasn'tvery outgoing.
Boy:No,you weren't.But you were alwaysfriendly.Wait a minute!
Did you us to playthe piano?Girl:Yes,I did.But now I'm moreinterested in sports.
I play soccer andI'm on the swimmingteam.Boy:Wow!People surechange.
3.A:I used to eatcandy all the time,Did you?(簡略式疑問句)
B:Yes,I did.I used tochew gum a lot.A:Did you?B:Yes,I did.
4.A:Did you used to be afraid of the darkB:Yes,I did.
A:Are you stillafraid of the dark?B:No,I'm not.How about you?
A:Me?Oh,yes!I'm terrified ofthe dark.B:So,what do you doabout it?
A:I go to sleep withmy bedroom light on.(with+O+OC)
【重、難點講解】一、重點詞彙
1.mostly adv.大多數地,大部分,主要的(=almost all,generally 幾乎全部,大多)
e.g.I spend my freetime mostly watchingTV.我閑暇時大多在看電視.
There are only 7girls in our PE class,so the class ismostly boys.
在我們體育班僅有7個女孩,因此這個班大多數是男生。
2.right adv.立即;馬上(=right away;at once)
right 在本單元用作副詞,修飾動詞。例如:Come right in.快進來。
I'll be right there.我馬上到那裡。He would come rightback.他會立即回來。
I'll come right down.我馬上下來。I'll go right aftersupper.我吃完晚飯就馬上走。
·注意:right用作副詞時還有其他的含義。例如:You didn't spell theword right.(對,正確地)
This telephonedoesn't work right.(合適地,順利地)
Go right on and youwill see the housein the corner.(一直地,直接地)
The bullet(子彈)went right throughhis arm.(完全地,徹底地)
3.used to 過去常常;以前常常(僅用於過去式)
「used to+ 動詞原形」這一結構表示過去的習慣(過去經常反復發生的動作)或狀態(現在已不復存在),
只有一種形式,即過去式,用於所有人稱。否定形式為used not to.疑問式為Used you to…?Used he to…?等
例如:①I used to walkalong the road aftersupper.我過去常常在晚飯後沿這條馬路散步。
②He used not to likePeking opera,but nowhe's very found of it他過去不喜歡京劇,但現在非常喜歡。
·注意:used to的讀音,讀作/'ju:stu/,而不讀/'ju:zdtu/。
現在大多數人在口語中或不太正式的書面語中對否定式和疑問式常使用與do連用的形式。
例如:①I didn't usedto like skating,butnow I like it verymuch.
我過去不喜歡滑冰,但現在很喜歡。
②Did you use to livein Shanghai? 你過去住在上海嗎?
③There used to be achurch here,didn'tthere?以前這里有一座教堂,是不是?
·另外,含有used to的句子的反意疑問句一般不用usedn't+主語(見上面例③)。
又如:He used to livein Shanghai,didn't he? Yes, he did./No, he didn't.
4.be terrified of害怕(=be afraid of)be terrified of後面通常接名詞或動名詞。
例如:①I'm terrifiedofthe dark.(名詞)
②The old lady wasterrified ofcrossing such a busystreet.(動名詞)
二、重點句型1.I go to sleep withmy bedroom light on.
·with+O+OC即with後接賓語和賓語補足語,其中賓語補足語補充說明賓語的狀況。
OC可以是形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、過去分詞、現在分詞、不定式等。
①with+O+adj.eg.I like to sleepwith windows open.(形容詞)
②with+O+adv.eg.Anderson waslying on the bedwith all his clotheson.(副詞)
③with+O+介詞短語eg.We sat on the dryglass with our backto the wall.
He was asleep withhis head on his arms.The teacher came inwith a book in hishand.
He said goodbye withtears in his eyes.Mr Brown is talkingwith Bob with hishands in his pocket.
④with+O+過去分詞eg.All the afternoonhe worked with thedoor locked.
You cannot go out toplay with the workunfinished.
⑤with+O+現在分詞eg.I won't be ableto go on holiday withmy mother being ill.
⑥with+O+不定式So in the afternoon,with nothing to do,I went on a round ofthe bookshops.
With five minutes togo before the lasttrain left,we arrivedat St.Pancras.
I can't go out withall these dishes towash
2.Before I startedhigh school, I usedto spend a lot oftime playing gameswith my friends,…
spend是動詞,意思是「花費(錢,時間)」,或「度過」
下面是常用的兩種結構:·sb.spend time(money)on sth.·sb.spend time(money)in doing sth.
e.g.①Every day Ispend two hours onhomework.
②Mary spent a lot ofmoney on her new car.③He will spend hisholidays traveling.
④He spent ninetyminutes in workingout the mathsproblems.
·注意上面①、④兩個例句均可以用It takessb. some timeto do sth.結構來改寫:
①It takes me twohours to do homework.every day.
④It took him ninetyminutes to work outthe maths problems
3.E-mail English isa new kind of Englishthat many people useto save time.
E-mail英語是一種新興的英語,許多人用來節省時間。
that many people useto save time是定語從句,用來修飾先行詞newkind of English
·注意:use to 與usedto的區別,二者後面都加動詞原形,但意義大不相同。use to用來做某事
e.g.Many students usethe dictionary tolook up new words.許多學生用字典查找生詞。
used to 過去常常e.g. She used to beafraid of dogs whenshe was young.她小的時候很怕狗。
save time節省時間save space節省空間save money攢錢
4.The first kind ismade up of the firstletters of otherwords.
These are calledacronyms.第一種是由單詞的首字母組成,被稱為首字母組合詞。
·在這兩個句子中,be made up of和arecalled都涉及到一個重要的語法現象——被動語態。
被動語態的結構:be+動詞的過去分詞。在英語中,有主動和被動兩種語態。
主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者,被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。試對比:
He wrote the letter.他寫了信。說明:「寫信」的動作由主語「他」發出的為主動語態。
The letter waswritten by him.那封信是他寫的。
說明:主語「信」是動作「寫」的承受者,是被動語態。
e.g.His bike has beenstolen.他的自行車被偷走了。
English is spoken allover the world.全世界都說英語。
·說明:關於被動語態的詳細內容,將在第三單元講解。
·be made up of=consist of二者可以互換。
例如:This is mad upof/consists of threedifferent parts.這是由三部分組成的。
Society is made up of/consists of peoplewith widely differingabilities.
社會是有各種個樣不同能力的人組成。
5.Other acronyms areF2F which stands forface to face, CSL forcan't stop laughingand…
其他的首字母縮寫詞有F2F,代表face to face,CSL代表can't stoplaughing…
·which引導定語從句,修飾先行詞F2F·stand for表示「代表…」,
e.g.USA. stands forUnited States ofAmerica.Our flag stand forour country.
6.For example,8 sounds like –eat in great,so to save time,people write gr8.
比如,8聽起來象great中-eat的發音,因此為了節省時間,人們就寫成了gr8(來代表great).
to save time為了節省時間,動詞不定式做目的狀語
7.It's not justbecause they can'tcomprehend what itmeans.
這不僅僅是因為他們不明白(簡訊)的含義。
what it means是賓語從句,做動詞comprehend的賓語,意為「簡訊的意思是什麼」
·what 經常用來引導賓語從句、表語從句、或主語從句。
例如:I don't carewhat she thinks.Let me see whatyou've chosen.
He began to thinkwhat about just whathe would do.Remember what we arehere for.
This is what I'mgoing to do.
太多了 放不下了
⑵ 初三人教版英語各單元知識點
Unit1：by 的用法 by+v-ing
Unit2：used to be 是重點 意思是 「過去常常」
Unit3：被動語態 sb should be allowed to do sth 「某人應該被允許做某事
Unit4：虛擬語氣 If i were …，i would …
Unit5：sth belong to sb 某物屬於某人
Unit6：定語從句
Unit7：知識點多 忘了 ⊙﹏⊙
Unit8：put off+v-ing , work as, sw+adj
Unit9：被動語態 本單元重點單詞：invent，be invented ，inventor
Unit10：過去完成時 標志性詞語：by the time,realize
Unit11：賓語從句，注意從句的語序 和先行詞
Unit12：be supposed to 句型
Unit13:make sb do sth ,make sb adj
Unit14：現在完成時：have done結構
Unit15：各個單元都有一些 單詞表裡單詞的句型
ps:每個單元的標題很重要
⑶ 九年級英語知識點
I like music that Ican dance to.
【教學目標】1.會表達自己的喜好(Learn to expresspreferences)
2.習使用定語從句(Practice using theAttributive Clause)
3.練習使用本單元的目標英語(Practice using thetarget language.
【單元內容概述】一.單詞。1.名詞類:
lyric(歌詞;抒情詞句);fisherman;entertainment;feature;wife;
photograph;photography;photographer;
exhibition;gallery(美術館;畫廊);show;display;
class(等級;類別);official;energy;Italian;Indian;weight;
figure(統計)數字;potato;chip;chocolate;sugar;coke;
2.動詞類:prefer;display;interest;suggest;
suit;expect;release;double;spoil(寵愛;溺愛)
3.形容詞類:gentle;known;honest;Italian;Indian;overweight;fresh
4.副詞類:roughly(粗略地;大體上)
二.片語和短語(Key Phrases)
Yellow River黃河remind …of…提醒;使……記起
on display/show展覽;陳列catch up趕上;跟上
sing along with和著……一起唱dance to伴著……跳舞
different kinds of不同種類的be sure to一定
[pic00000.bmp]她最珍愛的照片
[pic00001.bmp]在一個星期一的上午
prefer…to…喜歡……勝過……become overweight變得過重
10 percent百分之十release a healthsurvey發布一項健康調查
in different ways以不同的方式;在不同的方面
三.目標語言(Target Language)
1.—What kind ofmusic do you like?
【重、難點講解】一.重點詞彙
1.prefer v.(1)prefer=like sth.better,單獨使用時.其用法與like相同。例如:
I perfer walkingalone.我比較喜歡一個人溜達.(prefer doing)
She prefers to bealone.她寧願獨自一個人.(prefer to do)
I prefer my coffeeblack.我愛喝不加奶的咖啡.(prefer sth.)
prefer sb.to do sth.
Their father prefersthem to be homeearly.他們的父親希望他們早回家.
prefer sth.prefer doingprefer to doprefer sb.to do sth.
(2)prefer…to…(=choose sth.ratherthan sth else;
like sth.betterthan…)是一個固定短語,意為「寧願選擇……而不願選擇;跟……比起來更喜歡…….
例如:He prefers tea tocoffee.他喜歡茶勝過咖啡.(prefer sth.to sth.)
I prefer walking tocycling.我願意步行,不願意騎自行車.(prefer doingsth.to doing sth.)
(3)prefer to…ratherthan…寧願做……而不願做……
eg.I prefer to stay athome rather than goto the movie.
我寧願呆在家裡,也不願意去看那個電影.
eg.I prefer to stay athome rather than goto the movie.
The heroine preferredto die rahther thansurrender.女英雄寧死不屈.
2.interest v.引起……的關注;使……感興趣
interest v.(=cause one to givehis/her attentionto sth.)
提示:(1)interest還可以用作名詞,指「興趣;好奇心;關心」。
eg.Now,he's grown up
他已經長大了,對集郵不再感興趣了,完全失去興趣了。
(2)interestedadj.「(對某人或某事物)感興趣的;關心的」
interestingadj.「有趣的;引起興趣的」
I tried to tell himabout it,but he justwasn't interested.我想把這件事告訴他,可他簡直不感興趣。
[pic00013.bmp]
那位老人很有趣,並且對任何事情感興趣。
3.expect. 預計;預料;期待;盼望
expect. v.(thinkor believe thatsth.will happen orthat sb/sth willcome)
expect的常用搭配為:(1)expect sth(from sb.)
eg.This is the parcelwhich we have beenexpecting(from New York).
這是我們一直在期待底(從紐約來的)郵包。
I was expecting apresent from her,soI was disappointed Ididn't receive one.
我原來一直盼望著收到她送的禮物,所以因得不到而失望。
(2)expected to do sth.
eg.You can't expect tolearn a foreignlanguage in a week.
不要指望一個星期就能學會一門外語。
(3)expect sb.to dosth.
eg.We expected him toarrive yesterday.我們原以為他昨天能到。
I expect you to behere on time.我要求你准時到這兒。
You'll be expectedto work on Saturdays.你們星期六要上班。
(4)expect+that-clause
eg.I expect (that) Iwill be back onSunday.我預計星期日回來。
You would expectedthat there would bestrong disagreementabout this.
你可以料到此事會有嚴重分歧。
注意: expect還有「料想;認為;猜想」等含義,相當於think,suppose.
eg.「Who has eaten allthe cakes?」「Tom,Iexpect.(I expectthat it was Tom).」
「誰把蛋糕都吃光了?」「我想是湯姆[大概是湯姆]吧。
「Will you need help?」「I don't expect so.」「你需要幫忙嗎?」「我想不必了」
「Will he be late?」「 I expect so.」「他會遲到嗎?」 「我想會的。」
4.remind sb. of sth.(=cause sb.toremember sth)提醒;使……記起
He reminds me of hisbrother.我見到他便回想起了他的哥哥.
This song reminds meof France.我一聽到這首歌就想起了法國.
5.catch up趕上;跟上
catch sb.up或catchup with sb.趕上某人;達到與某人相同的境界.
catch sb.up或catchup with sb.=reach sbwho is ahead;reachthe same stage as sb.
eg.Go on in front.I'llsoon catch you up/catch up (with you).
你先走,我很快就會趕上你.
eg.Go on in front.I'llsoon catch you up/catch up (with you).
After missing a termthrough illness hehad to work hard tocatch up (withothers).
他因病一學期未上課,得努力趕上(其他同學).
After missing a termthrough illness hehad to work hard tocatch up (withothers).
6.It does have a fewgood features,though.但是,它的確有幾個好特點.
(1) 該句中,does是用來強調,表示 「真的;的確」.
除了does外,我們還可以根據時態和人稱的需要,用do和did來表示強調.又如:
He does study hard.(比He studies hard.要強烈.)
We did come hereyesterday.(比We came hereyesterday.要強烈)
They do give me alot of help.(比They give me alot of help.要強烈)
6.It does have a fewgood features,though.
(2)在口語中,though可以用作副詞,相當於however,放用在句末:
eg.I expect you areright—I'll ask him,though.我認為你說得對—我去問問他們也好.
She promised tophone.I heardnothing,though.他答應要打點話來.可我沒聽到回信兒.
二.重點語法 (一)疑問詞+不定式動詞」結構英語有個很有用的結構,就是:
疑問詞+不定式動詞(question word+to-infinitive)。
疑問詞是疑問代詞「who,whom,what,which,whose」和疑問副詞「when,where,how,why」。
此外,此外,連接詞「whether」也適用。
例句:I don't know what totry next.I'm not sure what toexpect.
「疑問詞+不定式動詞」結構有何功用呢?其主要功用有下列五種:
1.當主語,如:
When to hold themeeting has not yetbeen decided.Where to live is aproblem.
2.當賓語,如:
We must know what tosay at a meeting.
He could not tellwhom to trust.
Do you know how toplay bridge?
3.當補足語,如:
The problem is whereto find thefinancial aid.The question is whoto elect.
4.當名詞同位語,如:
Tom had no ideawhich book to readfirst.
Do you have a roughimpression how to doit?
5.當賓語補足語,如:
Jim is not surewhose to choose.
Mary and John arenot certain whetherto get married ornot.
適用於「疑問詞+不定式動詞」的動詞包括:
「know,see,decide,tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,forget,guess,hear,
imagine,inquire,learn,remember,think,wonder,understand」等。
值得特別注意的是:當這結構當賓語時,它的作用等於名詞從句,例如:
I could not decidewhich dictonary tobuy.
=I could notdecide whichdictionary I shouldbuy.
Jack did not knowwhere to find such agood teacher.
=Jack did not knowwhere he could findsuch a good teacher.
有些動詞,如「ask,show,tell,advise,inform,teach」等,
可以先有個賓語,然後才接著加上適當的「疑問詞+不定式動詞」 結構。例如:
The chief engineershowed them how torepair the machine.
Have you told himwhere to get theapplication form?
綜上所述,可見「疑問詞+不定式動詞」結構是個形象清新,
既容易用又不容易出錯的特別結構,可以多多運用。
(二)語從句(Attributive Clauses)
定語從句(AttributiveClauses)在句中做定語,修飾一個名詞或代詞,被修飾的名詞,片語或代詞叫先行詞。
定語從句通常出現在先行詞之後,由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。關系代詞有:
who,whom,whose,that,which等。關系副詞有:when,where,why等。
例如:I like music that Ican dance to.
I love singers whowrite their ownmusic.
關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,並在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。
關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。
(1)who,whom,that 這些詞代替的先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to seeyou? 他就是你想見的人嗎?
(who/that在從句中作主語)
He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。
(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
(2)Whose用來指人或物,(只用作定語,若指物,它還可以同of which互換),例如:
They rushed over tohelp the man whosecar had broken down.那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me thebook whose(ofwhich) cover isgreen.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
(3)which,that 它們所代替的先行詞是表示事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如:
A prosperity which/that had never beenseen before appearsin the countryside.
農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。(which/that在句中作主語)
The package (which/that)you arecarrying is aboutto come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。
(which/that在句中作賓語)
(1)when,where,why 關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。
關系副詞when,where,why的含義相當於"介詞+which"結構,因此常常和"介詞+which"結構交替使用,
例如: I still remember theday when (on which)I first came here.
我至今還記得我初來咋到的那一天.
Beijing is the placewhere (in which) Iwas born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reasonwhy (for which) herefused our offer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?
⑷ 9年英語（人教）UNITE1至3 知識點分類，單元總結，像like to do sth 被動語態的用法！！越多越好！！
人教新目標九年級Unit 1知識點講解教學案
魏訓剛
1. by
① 通過某種方式，後面接名詞或動名詞。
They travelled to Chicago by train.
我通過聽音樂學習英語。
I study English by listening to tapes.
② 通過某條路、某入口、門、窗等
They came in by the back door.
走鄉下的路更快一些。
It's quicker to go by the country road.
③ 靠近; 在……旁邊
She stood by the window.
他走過去坐在湯姆身邊。
He went over and sat by Tom.
2. talk about 談論；議論；討論
與某人談話
---你們在談論什麼？
---What are you talking about?
---我們在談論如何學習。
---We are talking about how to study.
你在和誰談話？
Who are you taking to?
3. 怎樣提建議？
① What/How about (doing) sth.?
② Why don』t you do sth.?
③ Why not do sth.? ④ Let』s do sth. ⑤ Shall I/we do sth.?
4. aloud/loud/loudly
① aloud為副詞，表示「出聲地、大聲地」 常與 read，say，call，think等動詞連用。 常可用out loud替換。
He read his sister』s letter aloud.
Read it aloud so we can all hear.
=Read it out loud so we can all hear.
The pain made him cry aloud. (=cry out loud)
---What did you say?
---Sorry, I was just thinking aloud./thinking out loud
② loud可用作形容詞或副詞。作副詞時表示「大聲地；喧鬧地」。out loud表示「出聲地」，同aloud。
Could you speak a little louder?
You've got the telly on too loud.
John laughed out loud in astonishment.
③ loudly大聲地；嘈雜地；喧鬧地,與loud做副詞時用法相同，但更側重於貶義，常含有打擾別人，令人討厭的意思。
Ben laughed loudly.
She spoke very loudly.
5. not(…)at all
① 一點也不，根本不
--Do you mind if I stay a little longer?
--No, not at all.
我根本不喜歡這本書。
I didn』t like this book at all.
② 不客氣
--Thanks for help me with my English.
--Not at all.
6. excited
興奮的；激動的
Steve flies home tomorrow - we're all really excited.
用法指南：
be/get excited about (doing) sth.
be/get excited to do sth.
be/get excited (that)
湯姆對於訪問中國感到興奮。（excited about)
Tom is excited about visiting China.
她收到他的來信很興奮。（excited to)
She was very excited to hear from him.
我們就要去紐約了，我很興奮。(excited that)
I'm so excited that we're going to New York.
7. end up
用法指南
end up doing；end up with
end up like；end up as
Most slimmers end up putting weight back on.
用like, as, with填空
Much of this meat will probably end up ______ dog food.
Anyone who is caught in the rain could end up ______ a cold.
I don't want to end up ______ my parents.
翻譯
① 聚會以他的歌曲結束。
② 我們原打算出去，最後卻看起了電視。
③ 你想最後像他一樣嗎？
④ 經過四年的努力學習，她最後成了一名英語教師。
8. first of all
to begin with
later on
First of all, I'd like to thank everyone for coming.
The hotel was awful! To begin with, our room was far too small.
There were six of us to begin with, then two people left.
I can't eat all of this - I'll finish it later on.
9. realize vt.
I suddenly realized that the boy was crying.
[翻譯] 你意識到你晚了一小時嗎？
_____________________________________________
She never realized her dream of winning an Olympic gold medal.
當成為一名歌星時，她圓了童年的夢想。
She realized a childhood dream when she became a singer.
10.also, either, too 也
also用於句中；either用於否定句；too用於肯定句。
[翻譯] 吸煙會使你生病，也會花很多錢。
_____________________________________________
用also改寫後一句： _____________________________________________
我沒有看過這部電影，我弟弟也沒看過。
_____________________________________________
用also改寫後半句： _____________________________________________
10. be afraid to do
be afraid
be afraid of (doing) sth.
be afraid that
There is no need to be afraid.
[翻譯]她擔心掉進河裡。
_____________________________________________
She was afraid to go back to the house.
我恐怕他不會幫助你的。
_____________________________________________
11. laugh at
He was afraid that the other kids would laugh at him.
不要害怕犯錯誤。沒有人會嘲笑你的。
_____________________________________________
12. take notes
當讀書時，我總是記筆記。
_____________________________________________
13. look up
① 向上看
She looked up (from her book) when I entered the room.
② （在字典、參考書中）查閱；查找（生詞、信息）
If you don』t know how a word is used, look the word up in a dictionary.(=look up the word)
③ 贊賞或尊敬某人（與to搭配）
She always looks up to her father.
14. make up
① 編造
We like learning English by making up conversations.
Stop making up excuses.
② 組成；拼湊成
15 people from different countries make up the team.
Society is made up of people of different abilities.
15. deal with (dealt, dealt)
① 處理問題或任務
Don』t worry. I』ll deal with this.
They failed to deal with the problem of homelessness in the city.
② 對待、應付某人
How do you deal with a naughty boy?
They tried to deal politely with angry customers.
16. unless
如果不；除非，引導條件狀語從句，相當於if not)。遵循主將從現的原則。
He won』t go to sleep unless you tell him a story. (=if you don』t tell him a story.)
I can't leave her unless I know she』s all right.
17. regard
vt.將……視為
用法指南：regard …as+名詞/形容詞
Her parents always regarded her as a clever girl.
His teacher regarded his work as very good.
[翻譯] 在贏得比賽後，他被人們視為英雄。
_____________________________________________
18. be angry with生某人的氣；對某人感到氣憤
Please don』t be angry with me.
be angry about/over sth.對某事生氣；因某事生氣
She is still so angry about his words.
19. try one』s best (to do) 盡力做
The work is not easy but I』m trying my best.
I tried my best to comfort her.
20. compare…to/with…與……作比較
The police compared his fingerprints with those on the cup.
compare …to…將……比作……
Poets like to compare girls to flowers.
21. break off 突然中止；中斷；（使）掉下；脫落
可用作及物動詞短語或不及物動詞短語。
She started to speak, then broke off while a waitress served us coffee.
One of the car's wing mirrors broke off.
I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.
It must be sad to break off a friendship.
He broke off a piece of bread.
Grammar-Present Perfect Tense
(1) 現在完成時的句型結構
①肯定句：主語+ have/has+ 過去分詞
②否定句：主語+ have/has+ not+過去分詞
③疑問句：Have/Has +主語+過去分詞
(2) 現在完成時的用法
①表示到目前為止曾經有過的或未曾有過的經歷和體驗。常和never, ever, several times等連用。
如：我從未去過非洲。
_____________________________________________
---你去過東京嗎？
_____________________________________________
---是的，我去過那兒三次。
_____________________________________________
②. 表示某動作從過去開始，現在剛剛完成，對現在有一定的影響。常與just, already, yet, so far等詞語連用。
如：他剛剛完成他的新書。
_____________________________________________
這輛這行車你買多久了？
_____________________________________________
我已經看過那部電影了，所以我今晚就不和你們一起去了。
_____________________________________________
注意：just now用於過去時。
③.表示某動作從過去開始，一直持續到現在，可能還會持續下去。通常與for或since連用。
如：湯姆已經在青島住了兩周了。
________________________________________________________(for)
_____________________________________________________(since)
______________________________________________________________
湯姆自從來到中國，就一直在在這所學校教英語。
________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
總結:
① for+一段時間，since後接一個過去的時間點或一般過去時的句子。
② how long提問的問句或是句中含中for等引導的表示一段時間的狀語時，謂語要用延續性動詞。
(3) 過去式/分詞的構成
listen- , talk-
live- , hope-
worry- , hurry-
新目標九年級Unit 1講解到此結束！謝謝！
⑸ 冀教九年級上英語知識點有哪些
上冊
九年級英語第一單元知識點歸納
1.break a world record 打破世界記錄 2.get a gold medal 獲得金牌 3.with a time of … 用…時間 4.at the same time 同時 5.up and down 上上下下 6.set a world record 創造世界記錄 7.as fast as possible 盡快 8.believe in sb 信任某人 believe sb 相信某人的話 9. make sb proud 使某人感到自豪 10. give up 放棄 11.be able to do sth 能夠做某事 be unable to do 不能做某事 12. at the age of … 在…歲的時候 13.catch up with 趕上 14. none of 一個也沒有 15.fall off 掉下 16.do one』s best 盡某人的努力 17.the others 別的
九年級英語第二單元知識點歸納
1. take turns 輪流, 交替 2. hold a world record 保持世界記錄 3. be located in / on …位於 4. be proud of 以…自豪 5. on average 通常 6. on record 記載下來有 7. four times as --- as --- 是…四倍 8. think of 想出 9. find out 了解, 找出 10.some more 更多一些 11.try to do sth 試著去做某事 12.all over the world 遍及全世界 13.be full of 裝滿 14.it』s + adj.+ for sb to do sth 對某人干某事怎麼樣 15.it』s time for sb to do sth 某人該干某事了 16.such as 例如 17.take part in 參與 18.that』s very kind of sb to do sth 某人做事太好
九年級英語第三單元知識點歸納
1.pay …for… 付錢, 賠償 2.make money 掙錢 3.something to eat 吃的東西
4. what』s the price of … 價錢是… 5. get up 起床 6.be hard to do sth 做某事難 7.come up to 到達 8.go over to 走過 9.give sth back to sb 把… 還給某人 10.do / deal with 處理 11.elementary school 小學 12.hold up 掛起 13.on the Internet 在互聯網上 14.what else 別的什麼 15.hear of 聽說 16.set up 創建 17.have success in 在…取得成功 18.any other 別的
business hours 營業時間
九年級英語第四單元知識點歸納
1. wake up 醒來 2. what』s wrong with …怎麼了 3. get a cold 感冒 4. get dressed 穿衣 5. be weak in 在… 薄弱 6. point to 指向… 7. ook up 查字典 8. out of breath 上氣不接下氣 9. miss school 沒去上學 10. take medicine 吃葯 11. breathe through the nose 通過鼻子呼吸的 12. must be 一定 表示推測 否定：can』be 13. stay healthy 保持健康 14. be different from 不同於… 15. be made from /of 由…製成 16. be bad for 對..有害 17. get a pain in …在…哪痛 18. dare to do sth 敢於做某事 19. think about 考慮 20. get married 結婚 21. fall ill 生病 22. as soon as 一…就 23. the more, the better 越多越好
九年級英語第五單元知識點歸納
1. 2. 3. 4. be famous for 以…而著名 learn sth from 從… 學到東西 be born in+地點 / on +時間：出生於… not … until ….直到…才…5. make a mistake 犯錯 6. so… that …如此…以至 7. so that 為了,以便 8. come up with 想出, 提出 9. in the 1960s 在二十世紀 六十年代 10. devote to do sth 致力於.. 11. because of 因為 12. in one』s spare time 在空餘時間 13. it』s said that 據說 14. nothing but 除了…什麼也沒有 15. day after day 一天又一天 16. in a difficult situation 在困難情況下 17. talk about 談論 18. in the same year 在同一年 19. give first aid 進行急救 20. make an example 舉例 21. in the Anti-Japanese War 在抗日戰爭中 22. die of 死於…
九年級英語第六單元知識點歸納
1.have an accident 發生事故 2.take care of 照顧 3.warn sb ( not ) to do sth 提醒某人(不)干某事 4. there 『s something wrong with …有毛病 5.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事 6.instead of 代替 7.long, long ago 很久以前 8.be careful 小心 9.it takes sb sometime/some money to do sth 花某…時間/金錢干某事 10.from then on 從那時起 11.don』t have to do sth 沒必要做某事 12fall on the top of 掉在…上面 13. on the edge of 在…邊沿 14.hurt oneself 傷到自己
⑹ 總結初三英語第三單元的語法點和重要的單詞
初三全科目課件教案習題匯總語文數學英語物理化學
Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社會生活妨礙了她的學習。
29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 與think of 的區別
①當兩者譯為： 認為、想起、記著時，兩者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我經常想起那天。
②think about 還有「考慮」之意 ，think of 想到、想出時兩者不能互
用
At last, he thought of a good idea. 最後他想出了一個好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我們正在考慮去欽州。 31. 對„ 熱衷，對„興趣
be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她對跳舞熱衷。 be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她對他感興趣。 32. practice doing 練習做某事 She often practice speaking English. 33. care about sb. 關心某人 如：Mother often care about her son. 34. also 也 用於句中
either也 用於否定句且用於句末 too 也 用於肯定句且用於句末 I am also a student. 我也是一個學生 I am a student too. 我也是一個學生。 I am not a student either. 我也不是一個學生。
被動語態專項練習 一、單項選擇。
1. One or two man-made satellites ______ in our country every year. A. have been sent up B. will be sent up C. is sent up D. are sent up
2. Our TV set _____ yesterday.
A. is repaired B. was repaired C. had been repaired D. would be repaired
3. A new building _____ in our school next year.
A. will be built B. is built C. is being built D. has been built
4. Many books on science _____ since I went to college.
A. were bought B. have been bought C, will be bought D. are bought
5. A wonderful English talk _____ by Mr Liu tomorrow.
A. has been given B. is given C. is being given D. will be given
6. How _____ the Great Pyramid (金字塔)____ many years ago without modern machines.
A. is„built B. would„be built C. have„been built D. was„built
7Food and clothes ____ by women.
A is often talk about B. are often talked C. are often talked about D. often talked about 8. _____ the work _____ yet ?
A. is„finished B. Will„be finished
C. Has „been finished D. Would„be finished Such films _____ by children like you.
A. must be not seen B. must not be see C. must not seen D. must not be seen 10.Trees _____ in winter but in spring.
A. not can be planted B. can be not planted C. can』t be planted D. can not be plant 11.This kind of cars ____ in Japan ten years ago.
A. can only be made B. could only made
C. be could only made D. could only be made
12.Jack often does things foolishly, so he ____ sometimes _____ by others.
A. is„laughed B. is „laughed at 13.The bear ______ to the zoo tomorrow morning.
A. may be send B. may is sent C. may be sent D. is may sent
14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _____ in our city. . A. are put up B. have put up
C. have been put D. have been put up 15. Such films _____ by children like you.
A. must be not seen B. must not be see
C. must not seen D. must not be seen 二、用所給動詞的正確時態和語態填空。
1. Some top students _____(send) to study in foreign countries once a year. 2.More and more schools ___________(build) here later.
3. Where are the apples? I think they _______(eat) by those boys. 4.Many new things __________(invent) in the last ten years. 5.All the shoes __________(sell) out last week. 6.How long _______ the book _________(can keep)?
7. Tom _______ (hide) his shoes behind the tree. So they _________(not find) easily.
8.The babies here _________(take) good care of every day. 9. We ______(open) the box and two new coats ______(see) in it. 10. His new novel _______ (finish) next week. 中考被動語態考題
1.The river smells terrible. People must __ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考題）
A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop
to throw D stop from throwing
2.This book __ often __from the library.(北京市中考題）
A aren』t take away B taken awayC isn』t taken away D be taken away
3.He ____ _____ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黃岡市中考題）
4. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (濟南市中考題）
____ ____ ____ another man-made satellite into space last week.變主動語態
5.People there planted many trees last year.
Many trees _____ _____ by people there last year. (青島市中考題） 6. They grow vegetables on the farm.
Vegetables _______ ______on the farm（上海市中考題） 三 根據短文意思填空
English ______(be) very widely ______(use). It ________(speak) by people in England, the United States, Australia, and many other countries. It ________(be) one of the working languages at international meetings. Most international business letters ___________(write) in English. And quite a few books and magazines ___________(write) in English, too. If you __________(know) English, you _________(find) you can ________(enjoy) so many books. English _______(be) really a bridge to so much knowledge. 四 將下列句子變為被動語態 1.Many people speak English.
2.People used knives for cutting things.
3.We can use the box as a table.
4.We should clean the classroom every day.
5.She will repair the bike tomorrow 參考答案
一、 1---5 DBABD 6---10 DCCDC 11---15 DBCDD 二、 1. are sent 2. will be built
3. have been eaten 4. have been invented 5. were sold 6. can„ be kept 7. hid, aren』t found 8. are taken 9. opened, are seen 10. will be finished 中考被動語態考題
1.B 2.C3. was told 4.they sent up5.were planted 6.are grown
三 . is ，used, is spoken ,is , are written, are written, knew, will find , enjoy, is.
⑺ 九年級英語第三單元知識點 人教版
Unit
3
1.allow+
名詞
/doing
allow
sb
to
do
sth→sb
be
allowed
to
do
2.get
sth
done
3.choose
to
do
sth
4.stop
doing
stop
to
do
5.either
用於否定句
too
用於肯定句
6.get
to+地點→reach+地點→arrive
in+地點
get
to+地點→reach+地點→arrive
at+地點
A:
沒有地點只能用arrive
B:
地點是
副詞
用get
there/reach
there/arrive
there
7.pass
the
exam
fail
the
exam
8.the
other
day
前幾天
9.concentrate
more
on
更加關注…
10.be
good
for…
對…有益/害
be
bad
for…
11.keep…+
形容詞
keep…doing
12.both…and…
13.have
an
opportunity
to
do…
14.finish
doing
15.look
good
on
sb
16.at
least
17.be
asleep
be
sleepy
18.have
a
day
off…
19.agree
with…
20.get
in
the
way
of…
21.worry
about…=be
worried
about…
22.nothing
but+
動詞原形
23.happen
sth
happen
to
sb
happen
sth
happen
in
sp
※What
happened…?
What
has
happened…?
只有
時態
變化
24.be
serious
about
doing…
25.the
only
thing(that)…
26.a
few/few
+可數名詞
a
little/little
+不可數名詞
※a
little+形容詞(
比較級
)
a
little+單數可數名詞「一個小的」
27.care
about…
28.only
then+
倒裝句
29.have
a
chance
to
do
sth.
have
a
chance
of
doing
sth.
30.before,
after+doing
sth…
⑻ 2014∼2015人教版新目標英語九年級3單元知識點講解
1.語態：
①英語有兩種語態：主動語態和補動語態
主動語態表示是動作的執行者
被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者
Catseatfish. （主動語態）貓吃魚。
Fish is eaten by cats.(被動語態)魚被貓吃。
②被動語態的構成
由「助動詞be ＋及物動詞的過去分詞」構成
助動詞be 有人稱、數和時態的變化，其變化規則與be 作為連系動詞時完全一樣。
時態
被動語態結構
例句
一般現在 時
am
are +過去分詞
is
English is spoken in many countries.
一般過去 時
was +過去分詞
were + 過去分詞
This bridge was built in 1989.
情態
動詞
can/should
may +be+過去分詞
must/……
The work must be done right now.③被動語態的用法
當我們不知道誰是動作的執行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者，或者只需強調動作的承受者時，要用被動語態。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事（主動語態）如：
Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。
be allowed to do sth.被允許做某事（被動語態）如：
LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允許去欽州。
3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
讓/使（別人）做某事get sth. done(過去分詞)
have sth. done 如：
I get my car made. == I have my car made. 我讓別人修好我的車
4. enough 足夠
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.請停止說話。
stop to do sth. 停止下來去做某事Please stop to speak.
請停下來說話。
6. 看起來好像…sb. seem to do sth. He seems to feel very sad.
it seems that +從句It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起來好像很傷心。
7. 系動詞不能獨立作謂語，要和表語一起構成謂語。常用的連系動詞有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。連系動詞除be 和become 等少數詞可接名詞作表語外，一般都是接形容詞。如：
They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago.
She felt very tired.
8. 倒裝句:
由so＋助動詞(be/do/will/have)/情態動詞＋主語意為：…也是一樣
Do you ever getto school late? Yes, I do. No, I don』t.
Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven』t.
14. go shopping(去購物), go fishing(去釣魚), go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船), go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)
15. be strict with sb. 對某人嚴厲如：
16. take the test 參加考試
pass the test 通過考試
fail a test 考試失敗
17. the other day 前幾天
18. agree 同意反義詞 disagree不同意動詞
agreement 同意反義詞 disagreement 不同意名詞
18. keep sb/ sth. ＋形容詞使某人/某物保持….如：
We should keep our city clean.我們應該保持我們的城市干凈。
19. both…and…+動詞復數形式
如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.
20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向誰學習(什麼)如：
Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英語老師學習英語
sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.
sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan.
sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.
sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.
sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.
25. have +時間段+off 放假，休息如：have 2 days off
26. reply to 答復某人如：She replayed to MrGreen.
27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意見 如：I agree to LiLei.
28. get in the way of 礙事，妨礙如：
Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社會生活妨礙了她的學習。
29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv.
30. think about 與think of 的區別
①當兩者譯為：認為、想起、記著時，兩者可互用
I often think about/ of that day. 我經常想起那天。
②think about 還有「考慮」之意，think of 想到、想出時兩者不能互用
At last, he thought of a good idea. 最後他想出了一個好主意。
We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我們正在考慮去欽州。
31. 對… 熱衷，對…興趣
be serious about doing如：She is serious about dancing. 她對跳舞熱衷。
be serious about sth.如：She is serious about him. 她對他感興趣。
32. practice doing 練習做某事
She often practice speaking English.
33. care about sb. 關心某人如：Mother often care about her son.
34. also 也 用於句中
either也 用於否定句且用於句末
too 也 用於肯定句且用於句末
I am also a student. 我也是一個學生
I am a student too. 我也是一個學生。
I am not a student either. 我也不是一個學生。
⑼ 初三英語1到3單元語法復習提綱。
11. 動詞的時態
11.1 一般現在時的用法
1） 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。
2） 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。例如：
The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。
3） 表示格言或警句。例如：
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。
4） 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如：
I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。
比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。
第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.2 一般過去時的用法
1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如：時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：
Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了？
2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。例如：
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那時，布朗一家無論什麼時候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。
3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time that sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。
4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等，而一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去，現已不復存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含義：她已不在人間。）
Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含義：她現在還活著）
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含義：現在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去）
注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。
1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：
Did you want anything else? 您還要些什麼嗎？
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能幫我一下。
2）情態動詞 could, would。例如：
Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車，能借用一些嗎？
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.3 used to / be used to
used to + do："過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態，但如今已不存在。例如：
Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老媽過去沒那麼健忘。
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫過去常常散步。
be used to + doing： 對……已感到習慣，或"習慣於"，to是介詞，後需加名詞或動名詞。例如：
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫現在已習慣於散步了。
典型例題
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It's 69568442.
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't
答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去，因此應用過去時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.4 一般將來時
1） shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在徵求意見時常用於第二人稱。例如：
Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎？
2） be going to +不定式，表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什麼呢？
b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。例如：The play is going to be proced next month。這出戲下月開播。
c. 有跡象要發生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏雲，快要下雨了。
3） be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。例如：
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。
4） be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如：
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。
注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.5 be going to / will 用於條件句時，be going to表將來,will表意願。例如：
If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如：
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排）
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主觀安排）
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.7 一般現在時表將來
1）下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什麼時候開？十分鍾後。
2）以here, there等開始的倒裝句，表示動作正在進行。例如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。
3）在時間或條件句中。例如：
When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比爾來後，讓他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那裡，就寫信給你。
4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如：
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務必把窗戶關了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.8 用現在進行時表示將來
下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現在進行時可以表示將來。例如：
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒呆到下周嗎？
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.9 現在完成時
現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀態，其結果的影響現在還存在；也可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態。其構成：have （has） +過去分詞。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.10 比較一般過去時與現在完成時
1）一般過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2）一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆為具體的時間狀語。
現在完成時的時間狀語：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不確定的時間狀語。
共同的時間狀語：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3）現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如：
I saw this film yesterday. （強調看的動作發生過了）
I have seen this film. （強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了）
Why did you get up so early? （強調起床的動作已發生過了）
Who hasn't handed in his paper? （強調有卷子未交，疑為不公平競爭）
He has been in the League for three years. （在團內的狀態可延續）
He has been a League member for three years. （是團員的狀態可持續）
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.11 用於現在完成時的句型
1）It is the first / second time.... that…結構中的從句部分，用現在完成時。例如：
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問這城市。
This is the first time （that） I've heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
注意：It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is +形容詞最高級+that…結構，that 從句要用現在完成時。例如：
This is the best film that I've （ever） seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。
典型例題
（1） ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時，故選B。
（2） ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用於完成時。
注意：非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。
（錯）I have received his letter for a month.
（對）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.12 比較since和for
Since 用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續時間長度。例如：
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在這兒二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我從出生起就住在這兒了。
注意：並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years. （我現在已不在這里工作。）
I have worked here for many years.（現在我仍在這里工作。）
注意：用句型轉換的方法，很容易排除非延續動詞在有for/since結構的完成時中的誤用。
1）（對） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2）（錯） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然，第二句不對，它應改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.13 since的四種用法
1） since +過去一個時間點（如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past six）。例如：
I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在這兒。
2） since +一段時間+ ago。例如：
I have been here since five months ago. 我在這兒，已經有五個月了。
3） since +從句。例如：
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走後，變化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我們走後，變化可大了。
4） It is +一段時間+ since從句。例如：
It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有兩年了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.14 延續動詞與瞬間動詞
1） 用於完成時的區別
延續動詞表示經驗、經歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。例如：
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 （表結果）
I've known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。（表經歷）
2） 用於till / until從句的差異
延續動詞用於肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句，表示"到……，才……"。例如：
He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 點才回來。
He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10點。
典型例題
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發生的動作，因此用現在完成時。
2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始，持續到現在，應用現在完成時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.15 過去完成時
1） 概念：表示過去的過去
----|----------|--------|----> 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2） 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。例如：
She said （that）she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。例如：
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達時，小偷們早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"。例如：
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時我們希望你能來，但是你沒有來。
3） 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如：
He said that he had learned some English before. 他說過他以前學過一些英語。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二歲那年，愛迪生開始自己謀生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
湯姆失望了，因為他到達晚會時，大部分客人已經走了。
典型例題
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D. "把書忘在辦公室"發生在"去取書"這一過去的動作之前，因此"忘了書"這一動作發生在過去的過去，用過去完成時。句中when表示的是時間的一點，表示在"同學們正忙於……"這一背景下，when所引導的動作發生。因此前一句應用過去進行時。
注意： had hardly… when 還沒等…… 就……。例如：
I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我剛打開門，他就打了我。
had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……。例如：
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車，轉眼又賣了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.16 用一般過去時代替過去完成時
1） 兩個動作如按順序發生，又不強調先後，或用then，and，but 等連詞時，多用一般過去時。例如：
When she saw the mouse，she screamed. 她看到老鼠，就叫了起來。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑媽給了我一頂帽子，我把它丟了。
2 ） 兩個動作相繼發生，可用一般過去時；如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。例如：
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3） 敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。例如：
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.17 將來完成時
1） 構成will have done
2） 概念
a. 狀態完成：表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。例如：
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那時他們結婚將有二十年了。
b. 動作完成：表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前，已經完成的動作或獲得的經驗。例如：
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此時，你已經到達上海了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.18 現在進行時
現在進行時的基本用法：
a. 表示現在（指說話人說話時）正在發生的事情。例如：
We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。
b. 習慣進行：表示長期的或重復性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。例如：
Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在寫另一部小說。（說話時並未在寫，只處於寫作的狀態。）
c. 表示漸變，這樣的動詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如：
The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱了。
d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。例如：
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。
典型例題
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一個仍在持續的狀態，應用進行時，由於沒有找到，其影響仍然存在，應用完成時，瞬間動詞用於否定式時可用於完成時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.19 不用進行時的動詞
1）表示事實狀態的動詞，如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如：I have two brothers. 我有兩兄弟。
This house belongs to my sister. 這房子是我姐的。
2）表示心理狀態的動詞，如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如：I need your help. 我需要你的幫助。
He loves her very much. 他愛她很深。
3）瞬間動詞，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如：
I accept your advice. 我接受你的勸告。
4）系動詞，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如：
You seem a little tired. 你看上去有點累。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.20 過去進行時
1）概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。
2）過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景；一個長動作延續的時候，另一個短動作發生。
3） 常用的時間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟騎車時摔了下來，受了傷。
It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開車站時，正下著雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到達山頂時，陽光燦爛。
典型例題
1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發生的背景，因此用過去進行時。
2） As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read；was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。句意為 "在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell（fall的過去時），是系動詞，後跟形容詞，如：fall sick。