❶ 高一英語必修二第六模塊知識點總結
argue about 爭論…..
1. Let's argue about whether(it is safe) to go swimming in this weather.
讓我們討論一下這樣的天氣去游泳是否安全。
dict.cn
2. 981 Life is too short to argue about little things.
生命短暫,不必為小事爭辯不休.
all the time 一直,始終
1. Conditions are changing all the time.
情況始終都在變化。
2. You mustn't work all the time.
你不能老是工作。
care about 關心,擔心
1. Don't you care about this country's future?
難道你不為國家前途擔憂嗎?
2. I don't much care about going.
我並不很想去。
in order to 為了……
1. He lit a cigarette in order to calm his mind.
他點燃一支香煙,鎮定一下情緒。
2. You must give in order to take.
欲得到,必先付出。
hunt for 搜尋;追尋;尋找
1. I had a good hunt for that key.
那把鑰匙我找了好一陣子.
2. Why don't they hunt for a job?
為什麼他們不尋找工作?
make friends交朋友
1. Never make friends with bad companions.
別和壞人結交。
2.He wants to make friends with you.
他想要和你做朋友.
make a difference有所不同
1. I can make a difference world!
世界因我而不同!
2. Smile; it'll make a difference.
微笑:這將會起到作用。
keep in mind記住
1.I hope you will keep in mind what I am saying.
我希望你把我所說的話記在心裡。
2.This is what you should keep in mind.
這是你應該牢記在心的。
for the first time 第一次;首次(作狀語)
1.. When to pay rent for the first time?
我們什麼時候交第一次房租呢?
2. Where was the Cup held for the first time?
第一次世界盃是在哪裡舉行的?
all the way 一路;全程;一直
1. The two runners contested the race closely it was nip and tuck all the way.
那兩個賽跑選手競爭激烈--在賽程中一直不相上下。
2. A merry heart goes all the way.
心曠神怡,事事順利定語從句I. 定語從句起了形容詞的作用,在句中修飾一個名詞或代詞。被修飾的詞叫做先行詞,引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞,他的作用一是放在先行詞與定語從句中間起了連接作用,二是在從句中擔當一個成分,並與先行詞保持數的一致。關系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關系代詞who人主語Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which和that在從句中做賓語時,常可以省略,但介詞提前時後面關系代詞不能省略,也不可以用thatwhom人賓語Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war..whose人,物定語I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate. that人,物主語,賓語A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which物主語,賓語The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人,物主語,賓語He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做賓語一般不省略關系副詞when時間時間狀語I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on whichwhere地點地點狀語This is the house where I was born.可用in whichwhy原因原因狀語I can』t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for whichII. that與which, who, whom的用法區別:情況用法說明例句只用that的情況1. 先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代詞時。2. 先行詞被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修飾時3. 先行詞有形容詞最高級和序數詞修飾時4. 先行詞既指人又指物時5. 先行詞被the only, the very修飾時6. 句中已經有who或which時,為了避免重復時1.He told me everything that he knows.2.All the books that you offered has been given out.3.This is the best film that I have ever read.4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5.He is the only man that I want to see.6.Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which, who, whom的情況1. 在非限制性定語從句中,只能用which指代物,用who/whom指人2. 在由「介詞+關系代詞」引導的定語從句中,只能用which指物,whom指人。3. 先行詞本身是that時,關系詞用which, 先行詞為those, one, he時多用who。He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.III. as與which的區別:定語從句區別例句限制性定語從句中名詞前有such和the same修飾時,關系代詞用as,不能用whichHe is not such a fool as he looks.Don』t read such books as you can』t understand. 非限制性定語從句中as和which都可以指代前面整個主句。如果有「正如,象」的含義,並可以放在主句前,也可以放在後面,那麼用as;而which引導的從句只能放主句後,並無「正如」的意思。They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn』t expected.As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.IV. 限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區別:類別語法意義及特徵例句限制性定語從句對先行詞起修飾限製作用,如果去掉,主句意思就不完整明確,這種從句與主句的關系十分密切,寫時不用逗號分開。The accident happened at the time when I left.非限制性定語從句對先行詞作附加的說明,與主句的關系不十分密切,較鬆散。從句和主句之間用逗號分開,相當於一個插入語,不能用that引導,關系代詞做賓語時也不能省略。His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.
❷ 高中英語必修二知識點
Unit 1
片語: survive
in search of / search for search
be amazed at
be designed for
fancy doing sth
be decorated with
in a fancy style
belong to
in return for
at war at peace
less than
there is no doubt that
I doubt whether….
be worth doing
be worthy of be worth to do / to be done
take apart
in a trial
think highly of think badly / much/ little / ill of
could / might / must/ should /need + have done
such + a/an + adj.+ n.
so + adj. + an/ a + n.
be used to do be used to doing used to do
serve as
agree with 適應
rather than 而不是
what he said what he heard
to tell the truth tell a lie to be honest
nor neither 倒裝
do with deal with
unit 2
片語: compete for / against
take part in
gold medal
stand for stand by
on a basis of
admit doing
as well
as well as 就前原則
replace take the place of take one』s place
in charge in the charge of
bargain with
in pain
one after another one by one year by year
deserve to do
be admitted as
so + much /little
such +little (小)
make a bargain with
ask for
marry get married to be married to
apart from besides
although VS though
unit 3
片語: sum up
solve settle
from.. on
as a result as a result of result in =lead in result from= lie in
personally
anyhow anyway
in a way
with the help of
watch over watch out look out be careful
spoil
from then on + 過去時
since + 完成時
as time went by
apply for
be filled with
provide … with
in size
signal to
after all
unit 4
片語: die out die away die off die down
hunt for/ after
in danger of
in relief
respond to
protect …. From
contain VS include
have an effect on
pay attention to doing
appreciate doing
succeed in doing success
do harm to do good to
come into being
according to
so that
intend to do be intended for
unit 5
片語: roll in roll on
pretend to do
be doing
have done
attach to doing
honestly speaking frankly speaking generally speaking
form a habit of
earn one』s living
in cash
play jokes on
rely on
get familiar with
or so
break up break out
in addition to
sort out
in brief
above all
passer-by
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❸ 高一英語必修二 重點詞彙
Unit 1 Cultural Relics文化遺產
1. look into 調查
2. insist on/upon sth/doing 堅持做,堅決做
3. belong to 屬於
4. get /be lost ; be missing 迷路,丟失
5. do with 處理;對付
6. in search of ;in the/one』s search for 尋找
7. be used to do sth. 被用來做某事
8. be used to doing sth. 習慣於做某事
9. be made into . . . 被製成;
be made of /from 用…製成(看得見原材料/看不見原材料)
be made for 為…製作
be made up of 由…組成
10. be of +抽象名詞=be+該詞的形容詞
「be of +名詞(片語)」表示主語的某種形狀或特徵
be of a(n) / the / the same 「屬於, 歸於」
be of the size / weight / height / age / colour / kind…
11. work of amber art 琥珀藝術品.
12. as a gift of 作為…的禮物
13. in return 作為報答
14. become part of 成為…的一部分
15. serve as 充當,用作
16. add…to… 添加…到…
17. great wonders of the world 世界上的偉大奇跡
18. be at war 處於交戰狀態
19. less than 少於
20. no doubt 毫無疑問
21. remain a mystery 仍然是個迷
22. take apart 拆開
23. rather than 勝於, 而不是
25. tell the truth 說實話
26. pretend to do sth 假裝做某事
27. give an example from your own life 舉一個你生活中的例子
28. think highly of 看重,重視
29. search for =look for
30. agree with sb. 同意某人的意見
31.情態動詞(could /might /must /should) +have done
表示對過去發生的事情的推測,批評,反悔等意思
32. have sth. done 表示 「請人做某事」 「使遭遇某種(不幸的)事情」
Unit 2
1 take part in/join in 參加
2 the spirit of 精神、宗旨、靈魂
3 used to 過去常常
4 find out 查明,找出
5 every four years 每四年,每隔三年
6 two sets of 兩套,兩組
7 allow sb. in(out) 允許進入(出去);
8 allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事(不能說allow to do)
9 allow doing sth. 允許干某事。
10 be/get married(強調狀態)+ to(不能用with) sb 和……結婚
11 a set of 一套,一組
12 compete in… 在某方面競爭
13 compete for… 為……而競爭
14 compete with/against 與……競爭
15 be admitted to 獲准做某事
16 be admitted as 作為…被接受
17 reach the standard 達到……水平、標准
18 play an important role/part in 在…方面扮演重要角色(起重要作用)
19 as well as 和……一樣
20 thank you for your time 感謝您(能抽空……)
21 come from the same root 同根
22 have (no) chance of doing sth. 有(沒)做……的機會
23 go with 伴隨,與……搭配
24 relate…to… 把……與關聯起來
25 relate with 和……有關
26 run against… 和……賽跑
27 hear of 聽說
28 make sure 確定
29 take turns 輪流
30 one after another 一個接一個
31 make sure +that clause 確定
Unit 3
1. sound simple 聽起來簡單
2. a technological revolution 技術革命
3. artificial intelligence 人工智慧
4. begin as 作為…開始
5. solve/settle a problem 解決問題
6. a simple-minded man 一個頭腦簡單的人
7. mathematical problem 數學問題
8. be totally changed 被完全改變了
9. share information with 與…信息共享
10. serve the human race 為人類服務
11. common knowledge 常識
12. deal with 處理
13. in my opinion 在我看來
14. public opinion 公眾輿論
15 an analytical method 分析法
16. share a room with 與…共居一室
17. connect with 與…有關
18. go by (從…旁)走過
19. bring into effect 使生效
20. the common people 老百姓
21. get together 聚集
22. after all 畢竟
23. with the help of 在…的幫助下
24. make up 編造,化妝
25. a personal letter 私人信件
26. watch over 看守,監視
27. have a good time 玩得愉快
28. once a year 一年一度
29. make a decision 做出決定
30. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人干某事
31. building materials 建築材料
32. in fact 事實上
33. create a new building 創建一棟新樓
34. in a way 在某種程度上
Unit4
1. as a result 結果
As a result of= because of 由於
result in = cause 導致 result form 由於
2. die out (動,植物物種)滅絕
die of 死於…(多內因)
die from 死於…(多外因)
die down 變弱;逐漸消失
be dying for 渴望得到…
3. be at a loss = be puzzled at =be confused 迷惑的,不解的
suffer a loss (of) 蒙受損失 make up for a loss 彌補損失
be lost in one』s thought(陷入沉思) lose heart lose one』s heart to sb
4.in peace 平靜的(地);安靜的(地)
in silence/ in quiet/in surprise/in a hurry
5. hunting for 搜索; 搜尋
6.be in danger of 有… 危險 be out of danger 脫離危險
endangered adj. 瀕危的 dangerous 危險的
7.have / give an effect on / upon …
take effect(生效) come / go into effect 生效; 實施
8. be concerned about 擔心.關心,掛念
9. get dressed 穿上衣服
get done強調動作,不能和表一段時間的狀語連用;be done 表狀態
10.turn round : 轉過去,圍繞…旋轉
11.apply to應用 be applied to被應用於
apply for 請求,申請….. apply to sb. for sth.
12.protect ……from保護…..免受….危害
prevent from阻止(stop/ keep from)
13 .have a effect on 對...有影響
14. with a sad face looking at her. with + 賓語(O) + 賓語補足語
15.come into being: 形成;產生;開始存在
come into use:開始被使用 come into one』s mind / head: 突然想到
come into fashion: 開始流行come into consideration: 開始考慮
Unit 5
1.roll over 翻身, 打滾
roll up 捲起 roll down 滾下來
2.dream of / about (doing) sth 夢見, 夢想…
3.at a concert 在音樂會上
4.be honest with sb. 對…誠實
be honest about sth.
be honest in doing sth.
4.form the habit of 養成…的習慣
in the form of 以…的形式
in form 在形式上
5.passers-by 路人(復數)
6.earn extra money 賺外快
6.give sb. a chance to do 給某人做某事的機會
7.play jokes/a joke on sb. 捉弄
play tricks/a trick on sb.
laugh at / make fun of 嘲笑;取笑
8.base on 以….為基礎, 基於….be based on
9.make music 做音樂
10.break up 破裂;拆散;停止;(戰爭等)爆發
break in/into 闖進
break off 中斷;停止
break down 壞掉,發生故障;(身體)垮掉
11.hit sb. on/in the+身體部位 擊中某人的…
12.by chance/accident 偶然,意外地
13.come across 偶然遇見
14.sort out 分類
15.be confident of/about/in 對……有信心
16.give/put on a performace=perform 演出,表演
17.go wrong 出了毛病
18.since then 從那時起
19.come up with 提出
20.stick to do=insist on doing 堅持做某事
21.above of all 首先,最重要的是 first of all 第一
22.play musical instrument 演奏樂器
23.attract one』s attention/interest 吸引某人的注意力/興趣
❹ 高一英語必修二人教版重點知識語法
學好五種基本句型 註:英語中絕大多數句子歸根到底是由基本句子變化而來的。所以,熟練掌握它們是很有必要的
還有三大從句:名詞從句、定語從句、狀語從句。這三大從句基本囊括了高中時期你要認識和讀懂的句子的句子。
其次就是每天除了要學習課堂上老師講的單詞之外,自己再堅持背另外一些,哪怕只有五個。堅持下來,日後你會覺得,他們對你受益匪淺。
❺ 高一英語必修二的一二單元的知識點總結 幫幫忙……
必修1 mole 3
1, Match the verbs with the means of transport in activity 1. some of the verbs can refer to
more than one means of transport.
,match 使…和…相配, 協調。
match +n. + to / with +n. 把…和.. 調和起來/ 搭配起來
A match B 和B匹配
match, suit , fit 辨析
match, 多指大小, 色調, 形狀, 性質等方面的搭配
suit 多指合乎需要,口味,性格,條件,地位等 No dish suits all tastes. 眾口難調。
fit 多指尺寸,形狀合適,引申為「吻合,協調」 My new evening dress fits me quite well.
– How about eight o』clock outside the cinema?
-- That ____ me fine. A, fits B, meets C, satisfies D, suits
2, means 其含義為「手段」或「工具」
by all means 務必 by no means 決不, 並沒有 the means of
3,more than 超過,多於 = over, less than (反義詞)
不僅僅。= not only no more than 僅僅,只有 (反義詞)= only
more…than … 與其說… 倒不如說…
no more…than … 與… 同樣不… 表示兩者都否定
not more …than…. 不及… 那樣… 表示兩者都肯定
4, refer to 提及,說起。 Don』t refer to that matter again.
refer to … as …將… 稱為
5, take off , (飛機)起飛,脫掉(衣服)等
6, What do you think the central part of the country is like?
特殊疑問詞+ do you think + 陳述句。Do you think 在句子作插入語。
Where do most of the people live? Do you think? =
where do you think most of the people live
7, abandoned adj. 被拋棄的, 放縱的。
There was an abandoned house by the riverside
8, proct 產品 proce v, 生產, 製造 proction 產量,生產,【U】
9,scenery 【U】風景,景色,指某地總的自然風景或景色,尤指美麗的鄉間景色。
scene 指戲劇的一幕。事件發生的地點,現場。指景色時, 可以是scenery 的一部分,多包括景物中的人及活動在內。
view 指從一固定位置所望見的景色。
10, And, what a ride! what 感嘆句的基本句型
What + a/ an + adj. + 可數名詞單數(主語+謂語)!
What (+adj.) + 復數名詞 /不可數名詞 ( 主語+謂語)!
how 感嘆句基本句型
How +adj./ adv. (主語+謂語)! How + adj. + a/ an +可數名詞單數(主語+謂語)!
How + 主語+謂語!
11,We get on in Sydney…
get , 1, get sb. to do sth. 讓某人做某事. ig. I』ll get him to go instead of me.
2, get sb. /sth. done/ doing 讓某事被做./ 讓某人一直做
ig. He asked me to get the work finished by noon
12, need 做情態動詞和實義動詞的用法區別。
情態動詞 實義動詞
肯定式 You need to be careful.
否定式 You needn』t be so worried. You don』t need to be so worried.
肯定疑問式 Need I say my number again? Do I need to say my number again?
13, a way to do sth. = a way of doing sth. 做…方法,途徑
14,try to do sth .盡力做某事 You must try to write the letter in English.
try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 You must try writing the letter in English.
16, Camels were much better than horses.
much 修飾形容詞的比較級。下列幾種形式都可用來修飾形容詞,副詞的比較級。
even, far, much, a lot, any, still , a great deal. 等。
17, supply 供應,供應品 vt. 供應,提供,補充
For many years, trained camels carried food and other supplies, and returned with wood and other procts.
supply sb. with sth. = supply sth to sb.
18,The Afghans and their camels did this until the 1920s.
在…世紀, 在…年代 (必須加 the )
in the 1940s 在某人十幾歲,二十幾歲,三十幾歲…
in one』s teens/ in one』s twenties….
19, Then the government built a new railway line, so they didn』t need the camels any more.
not …. any more = no more 表示動作的不再重復出現。
not …. any longer = no longer 表示動作不再延續
ig. They didn』t live here any longer. = They no longer lived here.
20, they passed a law which allowed people …
which 引導一個定語從句
allow: allow doing sth Ig. They do not allow smoking here.
. allow sb. to do sth. ig. They do not allow people to smoke here
21, Could I possibly see your ticket?
could 表示委婉的語氣,而不是can 的過去式
肯定回答, sure. / of course. / certainly. / definitely 等
否定回答, sorry, but… / I』m afraid…. 以委婉地拒絕
※ Could I … 的回答不能用 You could, 而要用You can 或其他。
Could you…? 的回答常用 With pleasure 表示同意。
22, Would you mind if 主語+ 動詞過去式? 都表示詢問是否介意…?
Do you mind if 主語 + 動詞用一般現在式?
Would you mind doing …? 可否請你做…?/ 勞駕您做…?
Do you mind
表示允許回答 No, I don』t mind. 不,我不介意。 No, go ahead. 我不介意,請吧。
Of course not. 自然不介意。 No, not at all. 不, 完全不介意。
表示不允許的回答, I』m sorry, but it』s not allowed. 對不起, 那可不行。
I』m sorry, you can』t. 對不起, 你不能。
I』m afraid I can』t let you. 恐怕我不能允許。
I』m afraid, but…. 我恐怕…, 但是…
23, out of date 過時 in order that + 句子 = in order to + v原 為了…
out of order 亂, 有故障, 不合規則。
25, I remember the day my father tried to teach me how to ride a bicycle.
how to ride a bicycle. 是 「疑問詞+ to do」 結構, 在句子作賓語,還可作主語。
He showed us how to do the work.
Whether to go or stay hasn』t been decided yet.
26, for the first time 第一次(在句子做時間狀語)
When I was six years old, I saw a lion for the first time
27, The screen seemed so big!
seem + (to be) adj. 似乎… ig, He seemed to be satisfied with the new job.
seem to do 似乎做… ig. The little girl seems to understand quite well.
seem to be doing 似乎正在做…. Ig. Someone seems to be singing nextdoor.
seem to have done 似乎已經做了… ig. I seem to have seen him somewhere .
It seems / seemed (to sb.) + that 從句
It seems / seemed as if / as though…從句
There seems / seemed to be
28, Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometers per hour.
travelling 為現在分詞作狀語。它表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生或幾乎
同時發生,它往往表示主動。和修飾的人或物構成主動關系。
at the / a speed of … 以…的速度
The car is running at the / a speed of 100 km/h
Grammar, 1, The –ed form
a, 及物動詞的ed分詞表示被動或完成 respected leader.
b,ed分詞作形容詞,表示狀態 surprised look
c, 不及物動詞的ed分詞表示完成 the retired manager
Grammar 2, Past tense time expressions
a, 一般過去時表示過去發生的動作或情況(包括習慣性動作)。 常用的時間狀語
just now, at that time, last night, a week ago, in the old days, the other day, then,
ring his middle school years 等表示過去的時間。
b, 有些情況發生的時間不清楚, 但實際上是過去發生的, 應當用過去時態。
ig. I didn』t know you were so busy. / I didn』t expect to meet you here.
c, 在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中表示過去將來的行為。
ig. What would you think of him if he failed again?
d, 用於非真實條件句中,表示與現在事實相反。
If I were you, I would let him know.
❻ 高一英語必修二,三,四語法點
高一主要語法點
必修一:直接引語和間接引語(賓語從句);現在進行時表將來;定語從句
必修二:定語從句(非限定定從、定從中的介詞前提);被動語態(一般將來時、現在完成時及現在進行時的被動語態)
必修三:情態動詞;名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句及同位語從句)
必修四:主謂一致;非謂語動詞(V-ing) ;構詞法
❼ 求'2012'高中英語必修一必修二知識點總結
必修一Unit 1 Friendship1.基礎梳理point upset ignore calm down cheat list share a series of crazy purpose dare thunder entire(~ly) trust according to power suffer recover suitcase situation disagree be concerned about walk the dog set down face to face be/get tired of get along with fall in love make a list communicate with 2.詞語歸納1)add vt/vi加;添加;增添add up合計 加起來,但在口語中有時用於否定句,表示「莫名其妙,不說明問題」。add up to 總計共達,所有一切都說明,總而言之。add sth(to sth)把……加到……里去。add to 增加,擴建。add 表示「繼續說,補充說」。區別add和increaseadd意思是「加,增加」,強調添加。或者表示將數字加起來求和。increase「增加」,表示在數量,產量,尺寸,程度等方面的增加。2)cheat v 欺騙;作弊 n 騙子;作弊者;騙人的事cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 從某人處欺詐某物cheat on/at/in 作弊,欺詐3)list v 將事物列於表上;編事物的目錄 n 名單;目錄;一覽表make a list of 造表,列……表take…off the list 從表上去掉……stand first on the list 居首位,列前茅as listed above 如上所列3)share share in 分享,分擔,共用share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物share out 分配,分發;得到股息,升股息share(n.)in/of 一分,部分4)trust vi/vt 信任,信賴;依賴trust in 相信,信任,信仰trust to 依靠(運氣等),依賴trust that… 希望,想5)suffer vt/vi 遭受,受到,蒙受;受痛苦,受折磨,受懲罰,受損傷suffer from 受……傷害;患……病痛注意:suffer 和 suffer from 都不能用於被動語態6)calm vt/vi/adj. 使平靜;使鎮定。平靜的,鎮靜的,沉著的。calm down 平靜下來,鎮定下來quite指人對外界事物感觸的安靜。對人時,側重不激動,平靜溫和,不發表意見。still指完全沒有聲音或者沒有動靜,突然靜止不動。silent主要指人不愛說話,沉默不語。7)concern be concerned about 擔心,關心as/so far as…be concerned 關於,至於,就某人而言have no concern for 毫不關心concern oneself in/with/about sth 忙於,從事;關心,關切have a concern in 和……有厲害關系be concerned in/with 參與,與……有關8)separate v/adj 分開,和……分手;單獨的,分開的,不同的separate…from 使……和……分離9)reasonlose one』s reason 失去理智,發狂by reason of 由於bring sb to reason 說服某人理智些within reason 合理without reason 不合理listen to reason 聽從道理reason sb into/out of sth 以理說服某人做/不做某事10)powerbeyond /out of one』s power 力所不及的,不能勝任的=not within one』s powerin power 當權的,握有政權的come into power掌權,得勢11)habitform / make a habit of doing=make it a habit to do sth 養成做某事的習慣be in the habit of 有……的習慣fall/get into a habit of 沾染(養成)……習慣break(off)a habit=get out a habit 戒除一種習慣form good habits 養成良好的習out of habit 出於習慣12)according to為介詞短語,後跟名詞,代詞,不能很從句,表示「根據;按照;試……而定」。according to其後引出的信息應來自別人或者別處,不能來自說話者自己。according to其後不能跟opinion,view等名詞。according as 相當於連詞,後跟從句,意為「正像,根據,按照,如果」。13)join in區別join;join in;take part in;attendjoin 參加某個組織或者團體(黨派,軍隊等)<ps:這些名詞前面要加定冠詞>,並且成為其中的一員。join in 參加正在進行著的活動,如游戲,討論,辯論,談話等。take part in 參加會議或者群眾性的活動,並且在其中法會一定的作用。attend 參加會議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、上課、上學、聽報告等。重在強調「參與」的動作,不強調參加者的作用。14)dare 作實意動詞有人稱和數的變化,也有時態的變化;作情態動詞,用於否定句,疑問句和條件句中,有時態的變化,但是沒有人稱和數的變化。①在肯定據中的dare,dares,dared之後,不定式一遍加to。②在否定句中和疑問句中的dare之後,不定時一般不加to。③在用do或者does構成的否定句和疑問句中,理論上雖然應該有to,實際使用卻經常把to省略。 I dare say…我敢打賭說……15)go through 經歷;經受;通過考試;經過;審閱;檢查go with 伴隨,與……協調 go up 上升;建起;上漲 go over檢查,審查;復習,重溫go out 熄滅;公布;播出 go ahead 進行,進展;(with)贊同 go into從事,參加(某一行業);調查16)get along with 同……相處;進展get away 離開;逃避 get back 回來;拿回 get down 拿下;寫下 get in 進入;收獲get down to 開始認真做…… get on/off 上/下車 get over 克服;戰勝 get across 被理解get through 完成;通過;接通電話 get up 起床 get it 明白,理解;猜中17)with復合結構,也可以叫做獨立主格結構,在格式上沒有謂語動詞,在句中常作狀語,表示伴隨,原因,方式,條件等。①with+名詞+介詞短語。在句中作狀語,作後置定語。②with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞。其中過去分詞表示被動或者完成了的動作。③with+名詞/代詞+現在分詞。其中現在分詞表示主動或者正在進行的動作。④with+名詞/代詞+不定式。其中不定式表示將要發生的動作。⑤with+名詞/代詞+形容詞。18)no longer=not…any longer 表示不再繼續或者再現過去某一時刻發生或存在而一直延續的動作/狀態時,常用於過去時、現在時或者將來時的句子中。no more=not…any more 表示再也不重復過去反復發生的動作時,常用於過去時或者將來時的句子中。When he saw the toy,the baby cried no longer.當看到玩具時,那嬰兒不再哭了。Now she wasn』t afraid any more..現在她再也不害怕了。19)①settle down to 決心去做……,專心去做…… settle on/upon 決定……,選定……②have trouble with 使傷腦筋,苦惱;跟某人鬧別扭ask for trouble 自討苦吃 be in trouble 在困境中,有糾紛 get sb into trouble 陷入困境make trouble 惹麻煩 put sb to trouble 麻煩某人 take the trouble to do 費力做3.語法直接引語變為間接引語(注意:變化時句子一定為陳述句語序。)人稱的變化①直接引語中主語第一人稱或者被第一人稱所修飾,人稱要與「講話人」的人稱一致。②直接引語的第二人稱,或者被第二人稱所修飾,人稱要與「聽話人」的人稱一致。③直接引語中的第三人稱不變化。「一隨主,二隨賓,第三人稱不更改」。二、時態的變化直接引語——間接引語一般現在時——一般過去時一般過去時——過去完成時現在進行時——過去進行時現在完成時——過去完成時過去完成時——過去完成時一般將來時——過去將來時時態不變化的情況:①直接引語是客觀真理。②直接引語是過去進行時,時態不變。③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語,變為間接引語時,時態不變。④直接引語如果是一般現在時。表示一種反復出現或習慣性的動作,變間接引語,時態不變。⑤如果直接引語中的情態動詞沒有過去時的形式(例:ought to, had better, used to)和已經是過去時的形式時,(例:could, should, would, might)不再變。 Unit2 English around the world1.基礎梳理voyage conquer native apartment modern actually present vocabulary usage government fluently latter enrich command request recognize accent identity play a role in come up such as even if base on make use of by the 1600』s more than2.詞語歸納1)includeinclude是及物動詞,後跟名詞,代詞或者動名詞作賓語,或者跟賓語+介詞短語等。including通常為介詞,相當於having(sb/sth)as a part,包括(某人某物)在內,可與過去分詞included互換。2)present作形容詞,若表示「在場的,出席的」通常用作標標語或者後置定語;若表示「現在的,現有的」,通常用作前置定語。作名詞,也可以表示「目前,現在」,多與the連用,常用的片語at present「現在,目前」;還可以表示「禮物」含有「捐贈」的意思。常有的片語有make sb a present of 表示「將某物贈送給某人」。作動詞,表示「贈送,給與」,後跟雙賓語;也可表示為「正式介紹,引見某人(尤指向級別、地位較高的人)」。常見用法present one』s apologies/compliments/respects…表示某人的歉意/贊揚/敬意……present oneself 出席,列席; present itself 出現,呈現。3)rulerule over sb/sth 統治某人/某物 rule sth/sb out 把某人/某物排除在外as a rule 在大多數情況下,通常表示「控制;影響」時多用作被動語態。作名詞時表示「規則,規章,條例;慣常用法;統治;尺」。4)recognize為非延續性動詞,不用於進行時;強調原來認識的東西意為「認出,分辨出」。表示「承認某人/某物有效或者屬實」有時與as連用。與名詞或者名詞片語連用,that引導的從句連用,也可表示「認識到,認清某事物」。5)commend作動詞多為及物動詞,表示命令,後接名詞+不定式。表示「統率,指揮,控制,掌握」,後常接賓語。作動詞或名詞都可以跟從句,從句中用should(常省略)+動詞原形。作名詞常用片語有:in commend of 統率……的 under the commend of 被……統率的get/obtian commend of 控制 take commend of 開始擔任……的指揮 has commend of 掌握at/by sb』s commend 奉某人命令的,受某人指揮的 commend oneself 控制自己6)request作動詞時常用的句型:request sb to do sth;request that sb (should)do sth;request of sb +that從句作名詞時常用的習語有:at sb』s request/at the request of sb 應某人的要求 by request of 由於受到……的要求 make a request for sth from sb 向某人要求某物7)explain可作及物或者不及物動詞,作及物動詞時,間接賓語前要加to。例如:The teacher explains to the class the questions.The teacher explains the questions to the class. 老師向全班解釋了這個問題。explain可接連接代詞,連接副詞或者that引導的從句。還可以接連接代詞或者連接副詞所引導的不定式短語。8)however作副詞,若表示轉折,意為「但是,然而,不過」,可放在句首,句中,句末,要用逗號分開;若修飾形容詞或者副詞,意為「無論如何,無論怎樣」。作連詞,引導讓步狀語從句。意為「不管怎樣,不管用什麼方式」。9)imagine是動詞,意為「想像,設想,猜想」後跟名詞,動名詞,從句(imagine多以否定形式出現),還可以與as連用。imagine oneself 表示「想像一下,你若……」後面所跟的to be結構常被省略。10)such as與for example的區別都可以作例如講,但是such as用來列舉事物,放在被列舉事物和前面的名詞之間,後直接跟名詞,沒有逗號,一般不如and so on 連用;for example用來舉例說明,有時可作獨立句,插在句子中,後面一般用逗號隔開。such as 不能將前面所述的數量全部列出;such作形容詞,可與as在句中分開使用,表示「像……這樣的」,as是關系代詞,引導賓語從句,作主語或者是賓語。11)more than①more than與數詞連用,意為「超過,多於」。②more than+名詞,表示超出該名詞所指,意思為「不止,不僅僅是」。③more than+加形容詞或者動詞,表示加重語氣,意思是「很,非常」。④more than+(that)從句,其基本意義是超過,但可譯為「簡直不,遠非……」⑤more than之間加入形容詞或者副詞,有兩種含義:一中是普通的比較級用法;另外一種是用來表示「與其說……倒不如說……」。12)base sth on/upon 意為「以……為基礎/依據」,被動形式為be based on/upon13)關於way的一些短語:by the way 順便說說;順便提起 in a way 在某一方面;在某種程度上in the way 阻礙,阻擋 on one』s way to/on the way to 在來/去……的路上/過程中in any way 無論如何 in every way 在各個方面,完全in no way 絕不,無論如何不 lose one』s way 迷路;誤入歧途14)nearly和almost的用法①almost=very nearly,表示"幾乎、差不多",常可互換使用。②almost和nearly可互換使用的場合 (1)在肯定句中 (2)修飾all, every, always等時 (3)在行為動詞的否定式前③只能用almost的場合 (1)修飾no, none, never, any以及由no或any的合成詞。: (2)修飾表示感覺或心理的動詞或形容詞。: (3)修飾more than和too。 ④只能用nearly的場合 (1)被very, not, pretty修飾時。 (2)表示要做什麼事但後來"沒有做"或"避開不做"時。⑤mostly用作副詞,意思是"大體上、主要地、大部分、多半、通常"等。15)come up 走進;上來;提出;發芽;流行;上升;出現;發生come up to 達到;數到;不負眾望;合乎(標准等)come up with 提出(建議);找到(答案,解決方法)come about 發生 come out 出版;出現;顯露 come across 偶然碰上 come on 加油16)use的短語make full/good/the best/little use of 充分/好好/充分/不充分利用be in use 在使用中 come into use 開始使用 bring…to use/put use to 加以使用 be of use 有用的 out of use 被廢棄不用 get the use of 使用…… have no use for 對……無用 find a use for…為……找到用途 with use 經常使用17)e to 由於(引導表語或者狀語從句) thanks to 多虧,由於(引導狀語從句)owing to 由於(引導狀語或者表語從句) as a result of 因為,……的結果(引導狀語從句)on account of 因為(引導狀語從句) by the reason of 由於,因為(引導狀語)