初二英語上冊各個單元知識點總結

『壹』 八年級上冊英語的第一二單元的知識點，要全

第一單元是How often do you exercise
問頻率
1. How often do you exercise?
Once a day.
2. What does she usually do on weekends?
She usually watches TV.
3. How many hours do you sleep every dayl1. 表頻率副詞：always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never
2. once a week 一周一次，
twice a year 一年兩次
three times a week 一周三次
four times a month 一個月四次
3. all, most, some, no
4. be good for sth./ doing sth. 對什麼有益
be bad for sth./ doing sth. 對什麼有害
5. want to do sth. 想要做某事
want sb. to do sth. 要某人做某事
6. as for 至於
7. try to do sth. 盡量做某事
8. of course = certainly = sure 當然
9. look after = take care of 照顧
10. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康11. exercise = take exercise = do sports 鍛煉
12. although = though 雖然
13. be the same as 與什麼相同 be different from 不同
14. how often 多久一次
15. most of the students = most students
16. get good grades 取得好成績
17. some advice 中的 advice 是不可數名詞
18. keep/ be in good health 保持健康
19. shop = go shopping = do some shopping 購物
20. surf the internet 上網
21. a lot of = lots of 許多
22. health n. healthy adj. healthily adv., unhealthy adj.
23. different adj. difference n. 可數第二單元是What's the matter Nine hours1. 看病用語
① What`s the matter (with sb.)? 怎麼了？
= What`s the trouble (with sb.)?
= What`s wrong (with sb.)?
= Is there anything wrong (with sb.)?
② I`m not feeling well. 我覺得不太舒服。
= I`m feeling ill/ sick. = I feel terrible/ bad.
= I don`t feel well
③I have a stomachache 我胃痛
= I have got a stomachache
= There is something wrong with my stomach
= My stomach hurts
= I have (got) a pain in my stomach④ When did it start?什麼時候開始的？
⑤ You should drink more water. 表建議
You shouldn`t eat more.
2. That`s a good idea. 好主意。
That`s too bad. 太糟糕了。3. I have no idea. = I don`t know. 我不知道。
4. I`m sorry to hear that. 聽到此事我很難過l1. 身體各部位名稱 P7 1a
2. 情態動詞should 與 shouldn`t 表建議
3. have a cold/ stomachache/ toothache/ fever/ sore throat
4. see a dentist/ doctor
5. soon 一會兒
6. feel 覺得，get 變, stay 保持, keep 保持，
sound 聽起來是系動詞，常和形容詞連用。如：feel happy, get tired, stay / keep healthy
7. lie down 躺下
8. for example 例如9. too much 太多+不可數名詞
too many 太多+可數名詞
much too 太+形容詞
10. stressed out 壓抑；筋疲力盡
11. It`s + 形容詞 + to do sth. 做某事怎麼樣。
12. a few 一些，修飾可數名詞
a little 一些，修飾不可數名詞
few 少許，修飾可數名詞，表否定
little 少許，修飾不可數名詞，表否定
13. at the moment = now 此刻，常和現在進行時連用
14. neck and neck 並駕齊驅，齊頭並進
15. I think so. 我認為如此。
16. tooth n. 復數形式 teeth

『貳』 八年級上冊英語第二單元知識點總結

Unit 2 what』s the matter?
一．重點短語歸納
1. foot---feet 腳 <復> tooth---teeth 牙齒 <復>
2. have a cold 感冒
3. have a stomachache 胃疼
4. have a sore back背疼
5. have a sore throat喉嚨疼
6. have a fever發燒
7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息
8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的熱茶
9. see a dentist 看牙醫 see a doctor 看醫生
10.drink lots of water多喝水
11.lots of ,a lot of, a lot
a lot of=lots of，可以修飾可數名詞復數和不可數名詞，一般用在肯定句中。：
There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library.
There is a lot of water on the ground
a lot,是一個副詞片語，跟動詞連用；表示十分，很等意思； Thanks a lot.
12. have a toothache牙疼
13. That』s a good idea好主意
14. go to bed 去睡覺 go to bed early 早上床睡覺
15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服
I don』t feel well= I』m not feeling well
我感覺不舒服.
16. start doing/ to do sth開始做某事
TO DO 是一件事情完成了，開始做另外一件事情
DOING是原來的那件事情做到一半，現在又開始做了，是同一件事情。
17. two days ago兩天前
18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一會兒
19. I think so我認為是這樣
20. be thirsty口渴
21. be hungry 飢餓
22. be stressed out緊張
23. listen to music聽音樂
24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
25. traditional Chinese doctors傳統中醫
26. need to do sth 需要做某事
I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙醫.
We need to keep our classroom clean. 我們需要保持教室的干凈.
27. a balance of yin and yang陰陽平衡
28. for example例如
29. too much yin太多的陰, 陰氣太盛
too much + 不可數名詞 太多的…
much too +形/副 實在太… 極其，非常
too many + 可數名詞復數 太多的…
30.be good for sth./ doing sth. 對什麼有益 ，對什麼有好處
be bad for sth./ doing sth. 對什麼有害
be good to 對…好
be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅長
be good(bad) for、be good at的相關用法
1.be good for 對......有益
Doing morning exercises is good for your health.
做早操對你們的建康有益。
2.be good at 擅長於......
Li Ping is good at basketball.李平擅長於籃球。
= Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅長於打籃球。
be good at = do well in 如：
I\'m good at math. = I do well in math.我擅長於數學。
3.be good to 對......好
Parents are always good to their children.父母親總是對他們的孩子好。 31.get good grades 取得好成績
32.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的氣
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting. 我對他很生氣，因為他讓我等了好久。
be angry at/ about sth 就某事生氣
33.Chinese medicine 中葯
34.be popular in + some place 在某地很流行
Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. 現在中葯在許多西方國家受歡迎。
35.in western countries在西方國家
36.It』s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It』s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。
37.balanced diet平衡飲食
38.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired
39.go out at night在晚上出去
When you are tired, you shouldn』t go out at night. 疲倦時，晚上你不該外出
40.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health
41.at the moment此時，此刻= now
I』m not feeling very well at the moment
42.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名詞)喜歡某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事=like dong sth
enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代詞) 玩得高興，過得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun
43. conversation practice會話練習
44. host family 寄宿家庭
45. have a lot of headaches經常疼痛
I』m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲勞，而且經常頭痛。
46. a few + 可數名詞復數 少許…
a little + 不可數名詞/形/副 一點…
47.He shouldn』t eat anything
=He should eat nothing. 他不應當吃任何東西.
48.give sb some advice給某人建議give advice 提出建議
advice 是不可數名詞
a piece of advice 一則建議 take one』s advice 採納或聽從某人的建議
He gave me some good advice.
他向我提了一些很好的意見。
49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小時
50.take medicine 吃葯 服葯
I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因為感冒，我不得不一天吃三次葯。
二 固定結構
It』s +形 + for sb. + to do sth.
做某事對某人來說是…的。
It』s important to do sth .做某事很重要。
It』s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡飲食對我來說是很重要的.
It』s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。
It』s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案對我們來說是容易的
三．重點句子
1.What』s the matter ? What』s the mater with you ? 你怎麼啦？
=What』s the trouble with you?=What』s wrong with you?
I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache
2.That』s too bad. You should / shouldn』t … 那太糟糕了. 你應該/不該…
You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor .
He shouldn』t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不應當吃任何東西.
3.I』m not felling well . 這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替
I don』t feel well= I』m not feeling well 我感覺不舒服.
4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什麼時候開始的？大約兩天前
5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起來
這里better是well的比較級
6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 傳統中醫認為我們需要陰陽調和以保持身體健康。
這里 to be healthy是動詞不定式短語，作目的狀語
7.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef. 你應該吃一些像牛肉之類的陽性食物。
8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.
吃黨參和黃芪等草本植物也對這有好處。
9.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.
太緊張易怒的人或許吃了太多的陽性食物。too much後跟不可數名詞，而too many後跟可數名詞復數
10.It』s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it』s important to eat a balanced diet . 有一個健康的生活方式很容易，飲食平衡是很重要的。
→ It』s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It』s important to do sth . 做某事重要
11.You should rest for a few nights. 你應該休息幾個晚上
12.I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am, but I don』t think I』m improving.
我每天晚上學到很晚，有時到凌晨2點鍾，但我認為我沒有提高。
13believe in 信任某人，強調品質，believe sb.相信某人的話
I believe him, but I can』t believe in him. 他的話是真的，但是我不信任他這個人。
14 .I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist .
→ need意思為 「需要」 ，作實義動詞時，後跟動詞不定式，否定式為don』t /doesn』t / didn』t need (to do sth.) ；作情態動詞時，只能用於否定句或疑問句中，否定式為needn』t(do sth.) ，除有過去式外，沒有其它的形態變化
四．知識結構
○1.情態動詞should的用法
should是情態動詞，它的基本用法是必須和其他動詞一起構成謂語。情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化，意為\"應該......\"。
should（應當，應該）用於所有人稱，表示勸告或建議。
eg. You should wait a little more.
你應該再多等一會兒。
--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厲害。
--- You should lie down and have a rest.你應該躺下，多喝水。
○2maybe與may be
1.maybe是副詞，譯為「也許、可能」，相當於「perhaps」。如：
Maybe he can answer the question.也許他能回答那個問題。
He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。
2.may be中的may為情態動詞，譯為「可能是......」。如：
He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。
She may be our English teacher.她可能是我們的英語老師
○3too many,too much與much too
1.too many意為「太多」，用於修飾可數名詞的復數。如：
There are too many students in our class.我們班上有太多的學生。
2.too much意為「太多」，用於修飾不可數名詞。如：
We have too much work to do. 我們有太多的工作要做。
3.much too表示「太」，用來修飾形容詞或副詞。如：
The box is much too heavy, so I can\'t carry it.
箱子太重了，所以我搬不動它。
○4 few、a few、little、a little的區別和聯系：
1.few / a few用來修飾可數名詞，few表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有；a few表示有肯定意思， 有幾個。 例如：
He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket.籃子里有幾個雞蛋。
2.little / a little用來修飾不可數名詞，little表示否定意思，沒有，幾乎沒有。
a little 表示肯定意思，有一點兒。 例如：
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?
我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點兒墨水嗎？
○5 not…until 直到 …(否定句) 才，動詞為短暫性或瞬間性動詞
She didn』t leave until we came.
He went shopping after he got up.
=He didn』t go shopping until /before he got up.
……until/till 直到••• （肯定句）動詞為延續性動詞
We stayed here till/until 12 o』clock.

『叄』 八上英語知識點梳理

一、情態動詞
Can Could May Might Shall Sshould Will Would Must Need各自的用法
二、一般將來時
Be going to+do/ will + do
概念 結構 回答 否定形式 疑問形式
三、翻身代詞
形式 用法
四、一般過去時和過去進行時
定義和結構 用法
五、形容詞和副詞的比較級
重點：變化規則 不規則形容詞的比較級
六、感嘆句
How+形容詞+…
What+名詞+…
七、附加疑問句

（一）
一般將來時
一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或者存在的狀態。通常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。
be going to do （動詞原形）結構：表示打算、准備做的事情或者肯定要發生的事情。如：It is going to rain.
will do 結構表示將來的用法：
1. 表示預見
Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest.
2. 表示意圖
I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.
What will she do tomorrow?
基本構成如下：
一般疑問句構成：
（1）will+主語+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?
（2）there be 結構的一般疑問句：Will there + be …?
Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won』t
否定句構成：will + not （won』t）+do
Sarah won』t come to visit me next Sunday.
特殊疑問句構成：
特殊疑問詞＋will＋主語＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday?
根據例句，用will改寫下列各句
例：I don』t feel well today. （be better tomorrow）
I』ll be better tomorrow.
1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight）
_____________________________
2. I』m tired now. （sleep later）
_____________________________
3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon）
_____________________________
4. We can』t leave right now. （leave a little later）
_____________________________
5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow）
_____________________________
答案：1. She』ll have a lot of homework tonight.
2. I』ll sleep later.
3. They』ll buy one soon.
4. We』ll leave a little later.
5. Maybe it』ll be better tomorrow.

（二）should的用法：
should用來提出建議和忠告，後邊加動詞原形，否定句直接在should後邊加not.
例如：I think you should eat less junk food.
我認為你應該少吃垃圾食品。
She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.
她經常開車，很少走路。所以我認為她應該多走路。
Students shouldn』t spend too much time playing computer games.
學生們不應當花太多的時間玩計算機游戲。
學習向別人提建議的幾種句式：
（1）I think you should…
（2）Well, you could…
（3）Maybe you should …
（4）Why don』t you…?
（5）What about doing sth.?
（6）You』d better do sth.
用should或shouldn』t填空
1. I can』t sleep the night before exams.
You ______ take a warm shower before you go to bed.
2. Good friends ______ argue each other.
3. There is little milk in the glass. We _______ buy some.
4. They didn』t invite you? Maybe you ______ be friendlier.
5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _______ do exercises every day.
答案：1. should 2. shouldn』t 3. should 4. should 5. should

（三）
過去進行時
過去進行時表示過去某一點時間正在進行的動作或者過去某一段時間內一直進行的動作。
1. 構成
was /were + doing，例如：
I was watching TV at 9 o』clock last night.
at 9 o』clock last night是時間點
They were playing football all afternoon.
all afternoon是時間段
2. 過去進行時的標志詞
at 8 o』clock last night, this time yesterday等。例如：
I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.
昨天的這個時候我正在吃午飯。
At that time she was writing a book.
那陣子她在寫一本書。（表示她在那段時間里一直在做那件事情。）
用括弧中所給動詞的適當形式填空。
1. This time yesterday I ____ ______（read）books.
2. At 9 o』clock last Sunday they ______ ______（have）a party.
3. When I _____（come）into the classroom, she ________ ______（read）a storybook.
4. She _____ ______（play）computer games while her mother ____ ______（cook）yesterday afternoon.
5. I _____ ______（have）a shower when you _______（call）me yesterday.
答案：1. was reading 2. were having 3. came; was reading
4. was playing; was cooking 5. was having; called

（四）
間接引語
形成步驟：
（1）不要逗號，冒號，引號
（2）要考慮到人稱的變化（人稱的變化與漢語是一致的）
（3）要考慮時態的變化
（4）要考慮時間狀語、地點狀語和語示代詞的變化。
1. 直接引語變成間接引語時，幾個主要時態的變化規律
直接引語 間接引語
一般現在時 一般過去時
一般將來時 過去將來時
現在進行時 過去進行時
2. 直接引語變成間接引語時，一些詞彙的變化規律
直接引語
1. am / is
2. are
3. have / has
4. will
5. can
6. may 間接引語
1. was
2. were
3. had
4. would
5. could
6. might
用括弧中所給動詞的適當形式填空。
1. She said I _____（be）hard-working.
2. Peter told me he _____（be）bored yesterday.
3. She said she _____（go）swimming last Sunday.
4. Bobby said he _____（may）call me later.
5. Antonio told me he _____（read）a book then.
答案：1. was 2. was 3. went 4. might 5. was reading

請轉述他人說的話：
1. I go to the beach every Saturday. （Tom）
2. I can speak three languages. （Lucy）
3. I will call you tomorrow. （Mike）
4. I』m having a surprise party for Lana. （she）

（五）
if引導的條件狀語從句
結構：if＋一般現在時，主語＋將來時
含義：如果……，將要……
例如：If you ask him, he will help you.
如果你請求他，他會幫助你。
If need be, we』ll work all night.
如果需要，我們就干個通宵。
根據中文提示，完成句子。
1. 如果你參加聚會，你將會過得很開心。
If you ________ the party, you __________.
2. 如果明天下雨，我們將不去野餐。
If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.
3. 如果你經常聽英文歌，你將會喜歡英語的。
If you often ________, you _________________.
答案：
1. If you go to the party, you will have a good time
2. If it rains tomorrow, we won』t go to the picnic
3. If you often listen to English songs, you』ll like English

『肆』 八年級上冊英語第一單元到第十二單元的重點詞彙總結，要詳細一點的，拜託大家了。

人教的嚒？我只有人教的···
Unit 1How often do you exercise
Section A
一、重點單詞和短語。
exercise v.＆n.運動；鍛煉eg:You』re getting fat.You should exercise more.你變胖了。你應該多運動。
【用法聚焦】⑴作動詞，意為「運動；鍛煉」。eg:He exercises twice a day.他每天鍛煉兩次。⑵exercise作不可數名詞時，意為「鍛煉；運動」；作可數名詞時，意為「體操；練習」。eg: If you don』t take more exercise,you』ll get fat.如果你不多鍛煉，你將會變胖。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操對你的眼睛有益。
hardly adv.幾乎不；幾乎沒有eg:Mary is hardly ever late.瑪麗幾乎從不遲到。
【用法聚焦】⑴在反意疑問句中，含有hardly的句子為否定語氣，所以後面的疑問部分用肯定語氣。eg:She hardly eats anything,does she?她幾乎什麼都不吃，是嗎？⑵注意hardly在句子中的位置。放在主語之後,實義動詞之前。當hardly用於句首作狀語時，要用倒裝語序。eg:Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain.我們剛到鄉間就開始下雨了。
【辨析】hardly和hard
①hard既可作形容詞也可作副詞。作形容詞時，意為「困難的，艱苦的，硬的」；作副詞時，意為「努力地，猛烈地」。eg:He had a hard life in the past.他過去過著艱難的生活。This ground is too hard to dig.這塊地太硬挖不動。Study hard,and you』ll succeed.努力學習,你就會成功。②hardly是副詞，意為「幾乎不；幾乎沒有」。eg:She hardly studies,so she fails in the exam.她從不學習,因此考試不及格。almost和否定詞的組合可與hardly互換。eg:There is hardly any water left= There is almost no water left.幾乎沒有剩餘的水了。
ever adv.曾；曾經eg:He is ever ready to help others.他是一個活雷鋒。
【用法聚焦】⑴多用於否定句、疑問句、條件狀語從句中，放在主語之後,實義動詞之前，相當於at any time。eg:Have you ever climbed a mountain?你曾爬過山嗎？⑵ever用於書信末尾的客套語中，表示親切並且不拘禮的表達。如：Yours ever...你永遠的……。
once adv.一次eg:I go to see a film once a week.我每周看一場電影。
【用法聚焦】⑴常用於講故事,相當於long long ago。⑵用來表示頻率。如：once a year；once a week；once a month等。⑶常見的短語有：at once 立刻；once again再一次。
【拓展】在英語中一次為once；兩次為twice；三次及以上用「基數詞+times」表示。
twice adv.兩次;兩倍eg:Twice two is four.二二得四。
【用法聚焦】⑴表示倍數。eg:This room is twice as large as that one.這間屋子比那間大一倍。⑵表示頻率。eg:He goes to Shanghai twice a year.他一年去兩次上海。⑶twice表示「兩次」時,不和time連用。在表示「一兩次」時,要用or連接。即：once or twice。但「兩三次」用two or thre times表示。
time n.次；次數eg:I』ve been to Beijing three times.我去過北京三次。
【用法聚焦】⑴time作可數名詞時，意為「次；次數」；作不可數名詞時，意為「時間」。eg:What time is it?幾點了？⑵time作名詞也可以當「倍數」講。eg:Yours is three times the size of mine.你的比我的大兩倍。⑶作動詞時，當「乘」講。eg:Three times four is twelve. 三乘四等於十二。
result n.結果；成果eg:The result is quite unexpected.結果是讓人難以預料。
【用法聚焦】⑴result 可作動詞。eg: Success results from hard work.成功來自辛苦工作。⑵常用短語：as a result of作為……結果。eg: He was late for school as a result of the snow.由於下雪，他上學遲到了。the results for…結果(是)……。eg:The results for 「watch TV」 are interesting.
as for關於；至於eg: As for him，I never want to see him here.至於他，我永遠不希望在這里見到。
【用法聚焦】as for後面常跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。其位置比較靈活，既可置於句首，也可置於句中，常用逗號將其與句子隔開。eg:I drink milk every day. As for fruit，I try to eat more.我每天喝牛奶。至於水果，我盡量多吃。
hardly ever 幾乎從不,很少eg:He hardly ever appears in public.他很少在大庭廣眾下出現。
【用法聚焦】⑴hardly ever 不能與否定動詞連用。⑵hardly...when意為「剛……就……」。⑶常見短語：hardly any幾乎沒有；think hardly of把……想得很壞。
Section B ＆Self check
一、重點單詞和短語。
drink v.喝；飲eg:I drink a glass of milk every morning.我每天早晨喝杯牛奶。
【用法聚焦】⑴drink作動詞，其後常接茶、水、牛奶、啤酒等飲料名詞。⑵drink還可作名詞，意為「飲料」，是可數名詞，多用復數。eg:There are many kinds of drinks in the fridge.冰箱里有很多種飲料。
health n.健康；健康狀況eg:Health is better than wealth.健康勝於財富。
【用法聚焦】⑴其形容詞是healthy健康的；副詞是healthily健康地。⑵相關的短語：be in good/poor health身體好（不好）；drink sb.』s health舉杯祝某人健康。
difference n.不同；區別；差異eg:There are many differences among brothers and sisters.一母有百子,個個都不同。
【用法聚焦】⑴difference 是可數名詞。eg:There are many differences between the twins.這對雙胞胎有很大差別。⑵它的形容詞為different不同的；常用短語：be different from與……不同。eg: His pen is different from mine.他的鋼筆和我的不一樣。
grade n.分數；成績eg:You will get good grades if you study hard.如果努力學習，你會得好成績。
【用法聚焦】⑴grade是個可數名詞，復數為grades。⑵grade還可意為「年級」。注意在表示幾年級時首字母要大寫。eg:I am in Grade 1.我在一年級。
although conj.雖然;即使;縱然eg:They are generous although they are poor.盡管他們窮,卻很慷慨大方。
【用法聚焦】althoug意為「雖然；即使」，相當於though，引導讓步狀語從句。eg:Although he is old, he is quite strong.雖然他老了，但卻十分強壯。但如果句中有but時，就不能再用although 或though。eg:It is raining,but they keep on climbing the hill.盡管天在下雨，他們仍然去爬山。
【辨析】although和though
although和though作連詞時的區別較小，though多用於非正式語體中。另外though還可作副詞，although不可以。eg:He said he would come,he didn』t,though.他說他要來，可是並沒有來。
must modal v.必須eg:I must finish my homework this evening.今晚我必須完成我的家庭作業。
【拓展】以must開頭的疑問句的否定回答用needn』t或don』t have to，表示「不必」，而不用mustn』t（表示禁止）。eg:---Must I hand in my homework tomorrow?----No,you needn』t/don』t have to.我明天必須交作業嗎？不，你不必。
【辨析】must和have to
must意為「必須」，強調的是說話者的主觀願望，無時態變化。have to意為「必須，不得不」，它強調的是由於外在的客觀原因而是主語必須做某事，有時態變化。eg:I must go home now.現在我必須回家了。It』s raining,I have to stay at home.天在下雨，我不得不呆在家裡。
a lot of 大量；許多eg:There are a lot of glasses on the table and there is a lot of milk in them.桌子上有許多杯子,杯子里有許多牛奶。
【用法聚焦】⑴與many,much同義,另一形式是lots of。⑵many主要用於否定句、疑問句、條件句中,肯定句中用a lot of。⑶many修飾可數名詞；much修飾不可數名詞；a lot of既可以修飾可數名詞也可以修飾不可數名詞。eg:There is a lot of water in the playground. 操場上有很多水。There is a lot of students in the class.班裡有很多學生。
look after 照顧；照看eg:Will you look after my dog while I』m away? 我不在的時候,你照料一下我的狗好嗎？ 
【用法聚焦】 同義短語:take care of。
【拓展】look的相關短語：look out注意，當心；look for 尋找；look over 翻閱，瀏覽；look into 調查；look up to 仰慕，尊敬；look down upon/on輕視，看不起。
Unit 2What』s the matter?
Section A
一、重點單詞和短語。
matter n.事情；問題；差錯eg:I have several important matters to ask you.我有幾件重要事情要問你。
【用法聚焦】⑴matter是可數名詞，其同義詞：trouble，problem。⑵習慣用法：What』s the matter with you?你怎麼了？
【拓展】matter作動詞，意思是「要緊，重要，有重大關系（主要用於否定句，疑問句或條件句中）。eg: What does it matter？那有什麼關系？It doesn』t matter about the price；buy it，whatever it costs.價錢沒什麼關系，不論多少錢都買。
cold n.受涼；感冒eg:People often have a cold in winter.冬天人們常常會感冒。
【用法聚焦】⑴cold用作可數名詞，表示「傷風感冒」，請記住have a cold（強調狀態）和catch a cold（強調動作）。eg:—What』s the matter with you?你怎麼啦？—I have a cold/I catch a cold. 我感冒了。⑵cold 用做形容詞表示「寒冷的」；反義詞為hot。eg:On a cold morning he had some noodles for breakfast.在一個寒冷的早晨，他早飯吃的面條。
sore adj.疼痛的eg:I have a sore throat.I can』t speak loudly.我咽喉痛,我不能大聲說話。
【拓展】其同義詞是pain；常用短語：have a pain on/in…eg:I have a pain on my back.我背痛。
【辨析】sore，ache和pain
三者都指「身體上極不舒服的感覺」。①ache常指連續性的疼痛；②sore常指因發炎而引起的肌肉疼；③pain常指肉體上的劇烈疼痛。
back n.後背；背脊eg:The man is riding on the black horse back.那個人正騎在一匹黑馬背上。
【用法聚焦】⑴常用短語：at the back of...在……後面；on the back在背上。⑵back 還可作方位名詞，意為「後面」。eg:He laughs best that laughs last.笑到最後的人才笑得最好。
arm n.臂；胳膊eg:The teacher came into the classroom with a book under his arm.老師胳膊下夾著一本書進入教室。
【用法聚焦】常用短語：take…in one』s arm擁抱
fever n.發燒；發熱eg:He has a fever and stay in bed. 他發燒，躺在床上。
【用法聚焦】⑴常用短語：have a fever 發燒。⑵表示「發高燒」用high。eg:His temperature is high.
rest n.休息eg:I decide to rest well after the test.我決定測驗後好好休息一下。
【用法聚焦】⑴rest作名詞，意為「休息」。其常用短語：have /take a rest休息。eg: I』m so tired and I want to have a rest. 我太累了，我想休息一下。⑵rest也可作動詞，意為「休息」，其現在分詞是resting；過去式是rested；第三人稱單數是rests。
dentist n.牙醫eg:You should go to the dentist.你應該去看牙醫。
【用法聚焦】常用短語：see the dentist看牙醫。
ago adv.以前eg:She went to the shop fifteen minutes ago.十五分鍾前她去了商店。
【用法聚焦】ago放於句尾，表示「……之前」，一般用於過去時。
【辨析】ago和before
①ago常用於過去時，至於所修飾的時間之後，即「時間段+ago」。如：twenty minutes ago二十分鍾以前；before用於任何時態，至於時間前面。如：You must finish your work before three o′clock. 你必須在三點鍾前完成你的工作。而「時間段+ before」表示以過去某時間為準的若干時間以前，用於過去完成時。②ago不能單獨使用，而before可以，且用於現在完成時或一般過去時，表示「不明確的時間以前」。eg:I』ve read that novel before.我一起讀過那部小說。I told you before.我以前告訴過你。
illness n.疾病；身體不適eg:He has had a bad illness,but he is better now.他得了一場大病，可是現在他好多了。
【用法聚焦】⑴illness是ill的名詞形式。ill是形容詞,意思是「有病的」，在意思上相當於sick，但在用法上不完全相同。sick 和ill 都可以作表語，但是sick 還可以作定語,修飾名詞。⑵illness的同義詞是sickness，它們用法基本相同,可以互換。illness泛指得病後身體不適的狀態。sickness可泛指身體不適，還特指嘔吐，暈車/船。
advice n.勸告；建議；忠告 eg:Please give some advice about my sickness.請給我的病提一些忠告。
【用法聚焦】⑴advice是不可數名詞。一條建議應說a piece of advice，而不能說an advice。其常用短語：ask sb. for advice請某人提出建議；give sb. advice給某人提出建議；take one's advice採納某人的建議；refuse one's advice不聽某人的勸告、忠告。⑵advice的動詞形式是advise。常用短語：advise sb to do sth建議某人做某事。
Section B ＆Self check
一、重點單詞和短語。
stress v.加壓力於；使緊張n.壓力；緊張eg:Stress brings us illness.壓力帶給我們疾病。
【用法聚焦】常用短語：be stressed out壓力大的，工作緊張的。
problem n.問題eg:The math problem is difficult ,I can』t work it out.這道數學題很難，我算不出來。
【用法聚焦】problem是個可數名詞，其同義詞是question；習慣用語：What』s the problem? 怎麼了？
【辨析】problem和question
二者都有「問題」的意思，但用法卻不盡相同。
①problem指難以解決的問題，常與動詞solve或settle搭配使用。而question指需要尋找答案的問題，常與動詞ask或answer搭配使用。eg:It』s difficult to solve this problem.要解決這個問題很難。May I ask you some questions?我可以問你幾個問題嗎？
②problem可指「（數學或物理）習題」，question卻無此義。question可表示「（與……有關的）問題」。eg:Can you work out this math problem?你能算出這道數學題嗎？It』s a question of time.這是個與時間有關的問題。
weak adj.（身體）虛弱的；無力的eg:He is weak so he can』t walk long.他身體虛弱,因此他不能走很長的路。
【用法聚焦】⑴weak作形容詞，意為「身體虛弱的」，其反義詞是strong。⑵weak作形容詞時，還可意為「差的；不精通的」，常用於短語be weak in中，意為「在……方面差」；其反義短語是be good at。eg:Tom is weak in math.湯姆在數學方面差。
angry adj.生氣的；憤怒的eg:What is the young man angry about？那個年輕人因為什麼事情生氣？
【用法聚焦】⑴angry的副詞為angrily ，意為「生氣地」；形容詞用來作表語,和修飾名詞作定語，而副詞用來修飾動詞。⑵常用短語：be angry with sb.生某人的氣；be angry at sth.對某種言行生氣；be angry about sth.對某件事情生氣。eg:I』m angry with him.我很生他的氣。
western adj.西方的；來自西方的eg:The lifestyle of the western countries is different from that of the eastern countries.西方人的生活方式和東方國家的生活方式不同。
【用法聚焦】west 的反義詞是east；western 的反義詞是eastern。記住west是名詞,而western是形容詞。
everybody pron.每人；人人eg: Everybody likes watching TV.每個人都喜歡看電視。
【用法聚焦】everybody作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數形式。
【辨析】everybody、everyone和every one
everybody/everyone是不定代詞，意為「每人；人人；所有的人」，這時可與every one互換，作主語時謂語動詞常用單數形式。eg：Everybody/Everyone is here.大家都在這兒。但every one除了表示「每個人」外，還可表示「每一個（東西或事情）」，這時one是代詞，指代已經明確的東西或事情，一避免重復。可以說every one of them/us，但不能說everybody/everyone of them/us。eg: I know every one of them.我認識他們中的每個人。
few adj.（表示否定）很少的;幾乎沒有的eg:I have few friends here.我在這兒幾乎沒有朋友。
【用法聚焦】few的近義詞是little，其常用短語：a few少量的。
【辨析】few,a few,little,a little四個詞的用法。
①few和a few用來修飾可數名詞的復數；而little和a little 是修飾不可數名詞的。②在意義上a few意為「一些,幾個」，a little意為「一點兒」，均表示肯定意義。而few 和little 都表示「幾乎沒有」，表示否定意義。
moment n.瞬間；片刻eg: I am busy at the moment . 我此刻很忙。
【用法聚焦】其固定搭配：①at the moment意思為「此刻」， 用於現在時中；表示「當時」， 用於過去時中。②a moment ago剛才；for a moment目前，暫時；just a moment稍等一下。
until conj.直到……之時；在……之前eg:Wait until the rain stops.一直等到雨停止。
【用法聚焦】⑴until用在肯定句中，意為「到……為止」。與till用法一樣。結構為：主句（謂語動詞為延續性動詞）+until（till）+時間點/從句（從句謂語動詞為短暫性動詞）。注意跟從句時的時態是主將從現。eg: Last night mom waited me until 12:00am.昨天晚上媽媽等我直到12點。I』ll wait until he comes back.我將一直等到他回來為止。⑵until用在否定句中，即not…until句型，意為「直到……才」，這時until前動詞為短暫性動詞。eg: He didn』t go home until rain stopped.直到雨停了他才回家。注意這時跟從句的時態是主將從現，此時until不可用till，但可以換成before。
hear v.聽見；聽說eg:I』m sorry to hear you are not feeling well.聽說你感覺不舒服我很難過。
【用法聚焦】⑴常見短語：hear of./about...聽說；hear from...收到……的來信，相當於get/receive a letter from...⑵hear sb.do sth.聽到某人做某事。hear是感官動詞，後面接省去to的動詞不定式。eg:I often hear the little girl sing in the next room.我經常聽見這個小女孩在隔壁唱歌。⑶hear sb.doing sth.聽見某人正在做某事。eg:I heard the man playing the piano when I passed.當我經過的時候,我聽見那個男人正在彈鋼琴。
on the way to...在去……的路上eg:I saw a wallet on my way to school.我在去學校的路上看見一個錢包。
【用法聚焦】 1)way 所構成的短語有：in a+形容詞 way,用……的方式。如：in a strange way 用奇特的方式，in an angry way用生氣的方式；in an interesting way用有趣的方式。2)by the way 順便問一下,順便說一下。
好吧，就這樣了，之後的一次傳不了，等會再傳，俺手抽筋了

『伍』 人教版初二上冊的英語知識點歸納

初二英語知識點復習(總結版)

1.

take:拿走

takesb./sth.tosomeplace;

takesth.withyou

bring:帶來

bringsthforapicnic

It』sgoingtorain,pleasetakeanumbrellawithyou.

You』.

2.

keep+名詞+形容詞

Keepthewindowsopen,it』shothere.

keepsbdoingsth

I』msorryI』vekeptyouwaitingforalongtime.

keep表示「借」用於和一段時間連用：

HowlongcanIkeepthisbook?

3.

let/make/havesbdosth

讓（使）某人干某事

Let』sgotothezoo!

Howdidhemakethebabystopcrying?

4.

forgettodosth

忘記去做某事

remembertodosth

記得去做某事

forgetdoingsth忘記做過某事

rememberdoingsth

記得做過某事

5.

stoptodosth

停下來做另一件事情

stopdoingsth

停止正在做的事情

stopsbfromdoingsth

阻止某人干某事

Let』sstoptohaveatest,it』stoohottoday.

,thestudentsstoppedtalking.

.

begin/start

todosth

6.

tell/asksbtodosth

否定形式tell/asksbnottodosth.

,itwastoodangerous.

OurP.E.teachertolsastory

yesterday.

7.

see/hear/watchsbdosth

see

/hear/

watchsbdoingsth

.

8.

enjoysth;enjoydoingsth;

enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime

.Theyenjoyedthemselves.

9.

bebusywithsth

;

bebusydoingsth

Theyareallbusywiththeirwork.

10.

finishdoingsth.

Tomdidn』.

11.

want

sth

/

todosth

/

sbtodosth

wouldlike

sth

/

todosth

/

sbtodosth

feellikedoingsth.

Hedidn』tfeellikeeatinganything.

12.

hadbetterdosth

否定形式：

hadbetternotdosth

You』dbetternotsinghere,thebabyisasleep.

13.

Whynotdosth?

=

whydon』tyoudosth?

=

Whydidn』tyoudosth?

Whynotcomewithme?

14.

Whataboutsth

/

whataboutdoingsth?

=

Howabout-----?

?

15.

Thankyouforsth/

Thanksfordoingsth.

Thanksforyourhelp.

------------

It』sapleasure.

Thanksverymuchforhelpingme.

16.

instead往往放在句首或句尾

insteadofsth

/

insteadofdoingsth.

通常放中間

Hedidn』tgotothepark.Hewenttothecinemainstead.

..

17.

puton

強調動作

wear強調狀態

in介詞，構成一個短詞

Putonyouroldclothestomorrow,becausewe』lldosomecleaning.

Kateiswearingaredsweatertoday.

ThemaninabluesuitisMr.Li

18.

在if引導的

、以when,before,after,assoonas引導的

,當主句是：

態、含

或

的情況下，從句用

表示將來時。

We』llgohikingifitdoesn』traintomorrow.

itdoesn』train

=

itisn』trainy

I』.

同樣的情況還適用於not----until句型

Iwon』.

19.

在以when

引導的時間

,當從句是

態時，主句往往用

,表示在過去的某一時刻正在發生或正在進行的動作：

.

20.

It』stimeforsth/

It』stimetodosth/

It』stimeforsbtodosth.

It』stimeforustostartourlessonnow.

21.

Ittakes/

Ittook/

Itwilltake

somebodysometimeto

.

.

.

22.

it作

或

，其真正的主語或賓語是後面帶to的

:

It』snecessarytolearnEnglishwell.

.

23.

too----

to句型,

too----forsbto

dosth----，對某人來說太-----以致於不能-----

Theapplesonthe

tree

aretoohighformetoreach.

Kateistooyoungtogotoschool.

24.

enough用法：形前名後，bigenough

;

enoughfood

-----enoughtodosth

足夠-------能夠-------

Jimisoldenoughtogotoschool.

25.

little,alittle修飾

;

much修飾不可數

fewafew修飾可數名詞;

many修飾可數

alittle

afew具有肯定含義littlefew具有否定含義

some,any,alotof=lotsof既可以修飾不可數，也可以修飾可數名詞；

There

isalittletimeleft,

.

We』dbettergoshopping,therearefeweggsleft.

Mr.Littledoesn』thavemuchmoney.（

中常用much而不用alotof）

26.

muchtoo中心詞是too,常修飾形容詞,

It』smuchtoocoldtoday,

weshouldwearwarmclothes.

toomuch中心詞是much,常修飾不可數名詞,

There』stoomuchwater,

pleasebecareful..

27.

有關情態動詞的問答：

MayI------?

No,youcan』t.

No,youmustn』t.

MustI/

we

-----?

No,youneedn』t.

要注意could和can的區別：could可表示語氣的委婉，也表示過去的能力

Couldyouhelpme?

?

要注意must和haveto的區別：must強調主觀,haveto強調客觀

要注意maybe和maybe的區別：maybe在句中作謂語

Maybeit』shere.

Itmaybehere.

28.

：someone,anyone;something,anything,nothing;somebody,anybody,nobody.

Something常用於

和表示請求的疑問句中，anything用於否定句中和疑問句中，notanything=nothing

;

withoutanything=

withnothing

Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?

I』.

形容詞修飾不定代詞要放在不定代詞後面：

Bequiet!.

』snewspaper?

29.

:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves.

要記住：一、二人稱用物主，第三人稱用

，復數self要變selves

和反身代詞有關的一些片語：enjoyoneself.

=haveagoodtime.

learnbyoneself,

leaveonebyoneself

Shehadtoteachhersonherself.

Idon』tneedyourhelp,Icandoitmyself.

30.

形容詞修飾名詞，副詞修飾動詞：

Whatastrongwind!

It』sblowingstrongly.

：be,feel,look,get,

turn,taste,smell,become,

+形容詞作表語

31.

：What+a/an+形容詞+可數名詞的單數形式+主語+謂語！

What+形容詞+可數名詞的復數形式/不可數名詞+主語+謂語！

How+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語！

Whatanicedayitis!

Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!

Howhappilytheyareplaying!

32.

反意疑問句：要注意前肯後否，前否後肯，要用

，

或情態動詞來做，

要注意否定詞：never,little,few,hardly,nothing,nobody等

祈使句的反意疑問句用：willyou?

以Let』s開頭的反意疑問句用:shallwe?

Sheusuallygetsupatsix,doesn』tshe?

There』slittlewaterinthebottle,isthere?

Pleasetakethese

bookstotheoffice,willyou?

YouhaveneverbeentoNewYork,haveyou?

33.

形容詞和副詞的

和最高級：要注意比較級和最高級的構成:

規則變化:要雙寫的：big,fat,thin,red,

不規則變化：good,

bad,

far,

ill,

比較級用在：than，

alittle+，

much+,

最高級用在：

ofall,ofthethree,inhisclass,intheworld等表示有范圍的短語中，

oneof+最高級+可數名詞的復數

34.

以so引導的

：表示-----也一樣，也如此，前後主語要不一致，要通過be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞來做:

Ireachedhomeat9:00,sodidmybrother.

Canadianseatalotofbeef,sodoChinesepeople.

35.

either---or----,neither----nor----

連接兩個主語，謂語動詞採用

；

Eitherof----或Neitherof------謂語動詞用單數；

Bothof

------或both

----and-----謂語動詞用復數

BothofthemareChinese.

NeitherofthemisAustralian.

NeitherJimnorIamAmerican.

參考：http://wenku..com/view/640026dca58da0116c174930.html