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高一英語的語法知識點

發布時間: 2022-07-31 11:19:11

『壹』 高一英語要學哪些語法

高一英語必修一語法要點一. 一般現在時1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等例如:I am a girl.2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.3. 標志性的詞語Always often sometimes now and then 4. 若助於為第三人稱單數(he she it)則動詞要用單三現二. 現在進行時1. 說話時正在進行的動作例如:I am reading.2.表示即將發生的動作,多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中,句子中常常有時間狀語例如:The plane is going to Beijing.3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、All the time等例如:I am always thinking of you.三. 倍數比較1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B例如:The class is twice as big as that one.2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height\depth\+of+B例如:The class is twice the size of that class.四. With的復合結構1. With+賓語+賓語補足語賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語,如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等,with在復合結構中常作狀語2.常用結構○1with+賓語+doing表主動與進行例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.○2with+賓語+done表被動與完成例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.○3with+賓語+to do表將來例如:With so many thing to deal with.五. 現在完成進行時現在完成進行時1.基本表達式(I have been doing ) I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been doing sth. 2.表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作,並且還將持續下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中國有2000年的造紙歷史。(動作還將繼續下去) I have been learning English since three years ago. 自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。(動作還將繼續下去) 3.表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到,如同在電話里說的,還會繼續等) 4.有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。 例如:They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在這里已經工作五年了。 5.大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。 例如:I have been writing a book.(動作還將繼續下去) 我一直在寫一本書。 I have written a book.(動作已經完成) 我已經寫了一本書。 They have been building a bridge. 他們一直在造一座橋。 They have built a bridge. 他們造了一座橋。 6.表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。 例如:I have known him for years. 我認識他已經好幾年了。 I have been knowing... 這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有:love愛,like喜歡, hate討厭,等。 注意:比較過去時與現在完成時1.過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。 2.過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。 一般過去時的時間狀語: yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語 共同的時間狀語: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately 現在完成時的時間狀語 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不確定的時間狀語 3.現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 例如: I saw this film yesterday. (強調看的動作發生過了。) I have seen this film. (強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了。) Why did you get up so early? (強調起床的動作已發生過了。) Who hasn't handed in his paper? (強調有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。) She has returned from Paris. 她已從巴黎回來了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回來了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在團內的狀態可延續) He has been a League member for three years. (是團員的狀態可持續) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入團,joined為短暫行為。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。 (錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 六.過去完成時1. 概念:表示過去的過去 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。 那時以前 那時 現在 2. 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 狀語從句 在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3.過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 例如:He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 七.現在完成進行時1.其構成形式如下: I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞 He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下: 2. 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動,如: Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 3.表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動,如: It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下) Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently. 4. 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在,可以包括現在在內的一個階段內,重復發生的行動,如: She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 5. 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響,而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身,如: Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 注意: 現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後,我一直睡得很不好. He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過,我和他沒有過那許多接觸。 6.否定句構成: 主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞 7.一般疑問句構成: Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他好好努力吧!

『貳』 高一英語主要知識點!!

高中英語的重點就是定語從句(句子做定語)。
高一第一學期的語法內容就是各種定語從句。
1.定語從句:
關系代詞(that,which,who,whom,whose)和關系副詞(where,when,why)的定語從句。關系代詞在定語從句中做主語或賓語。關系副詞在從句中做狀語。
2.
主語從句,同位語從句。(句子做主語,句子做同位語)。
3.非謂語動詞:動名詞,動詞不定式,分詞(現在分詞和過去分詞)。

『叄』 高一英語比較重要的語法有哪些

先行詞在定語從句中充當主語,賓語,時間,地點,原因狀語。結構:先行詞+關系詞+定語從句。1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句:限定性定語從句:從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明,缺少它,則句義顯得不完整,從句與先行詞緊密相連。非限定性定語從句:對先行詞進行補充說明,解釋,它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開。1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞,這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知識重點與難點(一)當先行詞有最高級,序數詞修飾,是不定代詞,或是all, no, only等形式時,關系代詞一般用that,而不能用which。1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)當先行詞是表示時間,地點,原因的詞時,關系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that1. I』m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn』t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定語從句的簡化表達:1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明:以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來:1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明:修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外,還可以用非謂語動詞形式:doing短語,done短語,being done短語,to be done短語修飾。其結構和意思如下:1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語: 正在做….的人/正在發生的事。2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語: 被…..的人/事3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語:正在被…..的人/事4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語:將要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The 「crazy」 gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means 「you have a phone call」 in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be 「the mother river」 runs across China like a huge dragon.總結:以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞,不定式的各種形式作定語。1. 這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面。如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語,則可以放在被修飾名詞前面。2. 分詞作定語時,其動作應與全句動作同時發生。V-ing表示主動意義和正在做,V-ed表示被動意義。being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定語表示將要發生的,to be done表示將要被做的【典型例題】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people』s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析:_____ plays an important role in people』s lives為非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞Friendship用which連接定語從句。答案:A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析:_____ I worked three years ago作為定語從句修飾先行詞Uncle Li,從句完整的表達是:I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以關系詞前應加上介詞with。答案:C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析:定語從句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修飾先行詞the reason指「他在會上就他工作中的粗心解釋的原因。先行詞在從句中做賓語。答案:A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析:非限定性定語從句_____ work is rather hard修飾先行詞teachers, 它與從句中的work是從屬關系,關系詞用whose答案:D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn』t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析:公元前776年被首次舉行的奧運會,直到1912年才容納女運動員。_____in 776 BC做定語修飾The Olympic Games,指過去的內容,表示被動。用done做定語。答案:C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析:根據句意房子即將開工。_____ for the teachers and the construction work修飾The houses應為The houses The houses將要為教師和施工修建的房子。答案:B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析:根據句意:比如說,我們當中參加一個對我們毫不重要的會議的人會有多少人對這個討論感興趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修飾How many of us做定語。與全句動作同步.答案:B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析:非限定性定語從句__ is working in Australia修飾先行詞three children,根據從句中的is判斷,是說:三個孩子中的一個在澳大利亞工作。答案:B【模擬試題】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don』t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【試題答案】1. C Susan 正是我認為作了好事的那位女孩。先行詞the very girl在從句中做think的賓語,同時又是後面賓語從句did the good deed.的主語,所以關系詞不能用whom2. C 定語從句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修飾先行詞money:用這筆錢買火車票。關系詞前面需要加介詞:with3. C定語從句_____ he devoted much time意思是:他把大量的時間都投入在這本書上了。devote….to sth.關系詞前加介詞:to4. A 定語從句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修飾先行詞the day :先行詞the day在從句中做時間狀語:在這一天我得到了扮演一個角色的機會。5. C 短語_____ tomorrow做定語修飾the question,根據表達的內容:明天即將被討論的問題。應當用不定式的被動結構做定語。6. D 短語_____ at the moment做the food的定語,表示:正在做的食物。Being done 做定語表示:正在被……的……。7. C 現在分詞短語reading under the big tree做定語修飾the teacher 表示:正在大樹下看書的那位老師。情態動詞1. 情態動詞的推測表達2. 情態動詞表達虛擬語氣3. 某些情態動詞的特殊用法知識重點與難點總結知識重點:情態動詞在表達推測意義的句子中的運用:(一)用情態動詞表達事實的推測。can,could,might,may,must可以用來表達對事實的推測。根據說話人對事實的把握性大小,must表示「肯定…」,may / might / can / could表示「可能……」, must只用於肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 「可能不……」, 而can / could可以用於疑問句,表示「可能,可能……嗎?」,其否定式can』t / couldn』t 表示「不可能」。用情態動詞可以對現在或過去的事實進行推測。對不同的時間內容推測有不同的結構。(二)對現在的事實進行推測:主要結構:…must / may / might +動詞原形be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語be + doing例句:1. You must be Jeanne. I』m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn』t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn』t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can』t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)對過去的事實進行推測:結構:情態動詞+have done / been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語例句:1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn』t have seen Anna yesterday. She』s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情態動詞表達虛擬語氣:表達「本來…」,「不然早就…」。這是情態動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法。表示說話人所講的與所發生的事實相反。表達了說話人的埋怨,後悔的語氣。其結構是在一些情態動詞後面加 have done 結構。根據要表達的意思,有如下結構:should have done / ought to have done:本應該……shouldn』t have done / oughtn』t to have done:本不該……could have done:本來可以……needn』t have done:本來沒必要……would like to have done:本來很想……would rather not have done: 本來不願意……could / might / have done: 不然早就……例句:1. You shouldn』t have laughed at his mistakes.2. You could have told us earlier.3. I ought to have bought that dictionary last week.4. You ought not to have spent so much time in reading novels.5. We need not have been in a tearing hurry to catch the train.6. They would like to have seen that film last film.7. If he had given me his number, I could have telephoned him.8. They might have been frozen to death but for the rescue in time.知識難點:某些情態動詞的特殊用法:need 和dare 的兩種形式的用法need 和dare可以用做實義動詞,後面接不定式(to do)結構,在疑問句和否定句中,加助動詞do/does/did/或don』t/doesn』t/didn』t。作為情態動詞使用時,主要用於疑問句和否定句中。情態動詞needn』t(沒有必要,不必)相當於don』t have to例句:1. It is cold, you need to wear some warm clothes.2. Need I stay here with you for a while ? Thank you, you needn』t.3. How dare you speak to parents like that ?注意:句型I dare say+從句。 意思是:我肯定…… = I』m sure或There is no doubt that+從句。例句:I dare say that my uncle will get the money if I die.will和would表示「意志」或「願意」,would 則指過去願意做……例句:1. He said that he would help us.2. You may telephone if you will accept this job.would可以表達「過去習慣做……」類似於「used to do」例句:1. When we were children, we would go swimming every summer in that river.表示請求,固定的句型:Will/Would you please do…? / Would you like to do…?例句:Will/Would you please give him a message when you see him ?shall1. 用於第一,三人稱,表示「請求」;「建議」 或「推薦」例句:1. Shall we start the meeting now?2. Shall I watch TV now ?3. Shall my son carry the case for you ?2. 用於第二人稱,表示「命令,「要求」,「許諾」例句:1. You shall take whatever you like.2. You shall not go to the party with me if you make so much noise again.在表示推測的否定句或疑問句中,常用can /can』t /could / couldn』t表示,意思是:「可能…嗎?」;「…不可能…」。而不能使用mustn』t或must等詞。【典型例題】1. —Do you think he will do me a favor ?—As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He _____ be prepared to give you a hand, though.A. mightB. must C. canD. should分析:本題考查情態動詞推測性用法。 根據he is the last one to help others.(他是最不可能幫助別人的人),既然如此,那麼「幫助你」的可能性也就最小了。答案為A2. —Look, someone is coming. Guess who it ____ be ?—I think it ___ be Tom.—I don』t think it ___ be ____ .A. can ; must ; can ; heB. may ; can ; must ; himC. must ; can ; must ; hisD. might ; must ; can ; himself分析:根據備選答案。 can表示推測時用於疑問句或否定句中。本題首句就應該是Guess who can it be? 第二句應該是I think it must be Tom.(說話人十分肯定)。第三句表達了說話人對前一個人的否定。即:I don』t think it can be him/he.(不可能是他)。答案為A3. —Do you know Ms. Wang likes walking after supper ?—Sure. She ____ around the campus now.A. must be walkingB. must walkC. may walkD. may be walking分析:關鍵詞Sure告訴我們說話人的口氣十分肯定。根據句子語境:她此刻肯定正在校園散步呢。must be doing表示肯定正在做。答案為A4. —I stayed at a hotel in New York.—Oh, did you ? You _____ with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would sayD. must have stayed分析:首句說:我在紐約住在一家賓館里。在此a hotel是泛指。所以D選項不合題意。

『肆』 高一英語語法匯總

高一英語必修一語法要點
一. 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如:I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數(he she it)則動詞要用單三現
二. 現在進行時
1. 說話時正在進行的動作
例如:I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作,多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中,句子中常常有時間狀語
例如:The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如:I am always thinking of you.
三. 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如:The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如:The class is twice the size of that class.
四. With的復合結構
1. With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語,如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等,with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如:With so many thing to deal with.
五. 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1.基本表達式(I have been doing )
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2.表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作,並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。(動作還將繼續下去)
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。(動作還將繼續下去)
3.表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到,如同在電話里說的,還會繼續等)
4.有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如:They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5.大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如:I have been writing a book.(動作還將繼續下去)
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.(動作已經完成)
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6.表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如:I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有:love愛,like喜歡, hate討厭,等。
注意:比較過去時與現在完成時
1.過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。
2.過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3.現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如: I saw this film yesterday.
(強調看的動作發生過了。)
I have seen this film.
(強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(強調起床的動作已發生過了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(強調有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團,joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。
(錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六.過去完成時
1. 概念:表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2. 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3.過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如:He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七.現在完成進行時
1.其構成形式如下:
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下:
2. 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3.表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4. 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在,可以包括現在在內的一個階段內,重復發生的行動,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5. 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響,而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身,如:
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意:
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後,我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過,我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6.否定句構成:
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7.一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他

『伍』 高一英語語法有哪些

呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
一. 直接引語和間接引語

(一)直接引述別人的原話,叫做直接引語;用自己話轉述別人的話,叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內,間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時,除將引語部分變成賓語從句外,還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。

1. 時態的變化:直接引語變為間接引語時,通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態,即把原來的時態向過去推,也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時,現在進行時變為過去進行時,等等。例如:
Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.

2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化: 根據意義進行相應的變化,例如:
She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」
→She asked Jack where he had been.

He said,「These books are mine.」
→He said that those books were his.

(二)直接引語改為間接引語時,都使用陳述語序,但是因為原句的句式不同,所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句,用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句,則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked,可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如:
She said,「Is your father at home?」
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.

「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.

直接引語如果是祈使句,改為間接引語時,要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式,並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等動詞,如果祈使句為否定式,則在不定式前加not。其句型為:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如:
She said to us,「Please sit down.」
→She asked us to sit down.

He said to him,「Go away!」
→He ordered him to go away.

He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.

二. 各種時態的被動語態
被動語態概述
被動語態的概念:它是動詞的一種形式,表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river.

被動語態的構成
被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下:
1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如:Rice is planted in the south of China.

2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞
例如:These trees were planted the year before last.

3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.

4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如:Your radio is being repaired now.

5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.

6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t.

7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞
注意:
1.除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如:Their questions haven』t got answered.

2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如:
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes.

3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語,其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如:
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.

4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別:「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構,與被動語態的形式完全一樣,所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞,多強調動作;系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞,多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者,而後者則不可以。例如:
The map was changed by someone.(被動結構)
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結構)
系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾,被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如:
He was very excited.(系表結構)
He was much excited by her words.(被動結構)

5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如:
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。

『陸』 高一的英語語法主要有什麼

必修1:直接引語和間接引語,現在進行時表將來時的用法,限制性定語從句
必修2:限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句,被動語態(一般將來時,現在完成時,現在進行時,短語動詞)
必修3:情態動詞,名詞性從句(賓語從句、表語從句、主語從句、同位語從句)
必修4:主謂一致,非謂語動詞(主要是doing的用法),構詞法

『柒』 高一英語語法有哪些

一。動詞 :
1.現在進行時表將來時間
2.被動語態 (1一般將來時的被動語態的構成,2現在完成時的,3現在進行時的)

二: 直接引語和間接引語:
1.陳述句 (1人稱的變化,2時態的變化,3指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化)
2.疑問句
3.祈使句

三: 定語從句:
1.由關系代詞引導的定語從句
2.由關系副詞引導
3.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

高一(下)語法項目:
一: 情態動詞 (1 can;could 2 may;might 3.must;have to 4 shall;should 5will;would 6 ought 7.had better)

二:動詞-ing形式

三: 主語和謂語一致

四:it的用法 (1 用作人稱代詞 2 非人稱代詞 3 作形式主語或形式賓語 4 用於強調句中)

五:構詞法 (1.合成 2.轉換 3.派生)

『捌』 高一英語語法總結包括重點句子!

英語時態有16種,但是常用的只有9種:一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現在進行時、過去進行時、現在完成時、過去完成時、過去將來時、現在完成進行時。 1、一般現在時的用法 1)經常性或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。 2)客觀真理,客觀存在,科學事實。 3)表示格言或警句中。 4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。 2 一般過去時的用法 表示過去某時間發生的動作或存在的狀態。 1)在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。 2)表示在過去一段時間內,經常性或習慣性的動作。 3)句型: It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了" It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事' 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時,作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。 注意: 用過去時表示現在,表示委婉語氣。 1)動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 2)情態動詞 could, would. 3. 一般將來時 表示將來的動作或狀態。 1)shall用於第一人稱,常被will 所代替。 will 在陳述句中用於各人稱,在爭求意見時常用於第二人稱。 2)be going to +不定式,表示將來。 a. 主語的意圖,即將做某 b. 計劃,安排要發生的事。 c. 有跡象要發生的事 3) be +不定式表將來,按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。 4) be about to +不定式,意為馬上做某事。 注意:be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。 4.現在完成時 現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀 態,其結果的確和現在有聯系。動作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在;也可表示持續到現在的動作或 狀態。其構成: have (has) +過去分詞。 5.過去完成時 概念:表示過去某一段時刻或某一動作之前完成的動作或存在的狀態。 ----|-------|-----|---->其構成是had +過去分詞構成。 那時以前 那時 現在 2)用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。 b. 狀語從句 在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。 c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…" 3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 注意:had no … when 還沒等……就…… had no sooner… than 剛……就…… 6.將來完成時 1) 構成will / be going to do sth. 2) 概念 a. 狀態完成:表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。 b. 動作完成:表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前,已經完成的動作或獲得的經驗。 7.現在進行時 現在進行時的基本用法: a. 表示現在( 指說話人說話時) 正在發生的事情。 b. 習慣進行:表示長期的或重復性的動作,說話時動作未必正在進行。 c. 表示漸變的動詞有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用,表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態,往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。 8. 過去進行時 1)概念:表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。 2)過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景;一個長動作發生的時候,另一個短動作發生。 3)常用的時間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 9. 將來進行時 1)概念:表示將來某時進行的狀態或動作,或按預測將來會發生的事情。 2)常用的時間狀語Soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening

『玖』 現在高一英語語法點有哪些,詳細點

請問你是學習哪個版本的教材,就人教而言,高一必修一主要涉及直接引語和間接引語、現在進行時表將來和限制性定語從句(包括介詞+which/whom引導的);必修二非限制性定語從句、一般將來時態的被動語態、現在完成時態的被動語態、現在進行時態的被動語態和復習定語從句。高一下學期必修三情態動詞、名詞性從句(即賓語從句、表語從句、主語從句、同位語從句);必修四主謂一致、動詞的ing形式和構詞法。不同的教材版本可能在語法排布上稍有區別,但高中在初中詞法的基礎上,更注重句法的學習。祝你高中學習愉快!

『拾』 高一英語語法知識

語序
結構上來講,英語是「主動賓」(SVO)語言。在簡單陳述句中,它一般是遵從主語、動詞、賓語加句號的形式。即:

Tom [主語] eats [動詞] cheese [賓語].
Mary sees the cat.
總體上來說英語是中心語前置的語言,也就是說一個短語的重心在其開頭。如:

ran quickly (動詞短語)
to the store (介詞短語)
名詞短語是主要的例外,為中心語後置:

blue house (形容詞 + 名詞)
Fred's cat (所有格 + 名詞)
所以,基本簡單句的語序一般為(除去冠詞和其他限定詞):形容詞1 - 主語 - 動詞 - 副詞 - 形容詞2 - 直接賓語 - 形容詞3 - 間接賓語。

語序變化一般用在疑問句(Did you go to the store?)、主動被動語態變化(The car was bought by John)及詞語或語法上的強調(主題化)中。

名詞
英語中,名詞一般描繪人物、地點、事物與抽象觀點等。英語的名詞總體上來說沒有格變化,但有限定和數量差別。如:

the(定冠詞):the house指一幢明確具體的房子(例:「the house I was born in」)
a/an(不定冠詞):a house只是簡單指一幢房子(例:「A house is a building for living in.」)
單數:the house指一幢房子
復數:the houses指一幢以上房子
英語中,沒有專門用來限定兩個或三個的名詞數字。

名詞的種類
名詞可分為專有名詞(Proper Noun)和普通名詞(Common Noun)。

專有名詞
指個人、事物、地點、團體、機構或國家的專有名稱的名詞叫專有名詞。專有名詞的第一個字母必須大寫,如:

人名:Peter、Harry、Bush
英語主要有兩個情況需要格變化:所有格依附詞(以前叫做撒克遜屬格)和代詞體系。在名詞短語末尾附加依附詞,用來指示所有格,如:

The king's daughter's house fell.
King後方的第一個<'s>顯示這個女兒是國王的;第二個<'s>並不依附在daughter上(很多人對此是混淆的),而依附在The king's daughter整個名詞短語後。

另一方,英語在代詞中保留了古日耳曼語的名詞變格體系,參看下方表格。請注意,近代英語中第二人稱單數thou1已經很少使用,在方言、宗教、詩歌或修辭等場合中才會出現。日常生活中普遍用you代替。

人稱: 第一單數 第二單數1 第三單數 第一復數 第三復數 第二復數 疑問詞
主格 I thou he, she, it we they you who
賓格 me thee him, her, it us them you whom (非正式:who)
屬格 mine2 thine2 his, hers, its ours theirs yours whose

在第三人稱代詞上也殘留下一些陰陽性變化。性用在生物上,一般是遵循生物學上的性變化;用在事物上,則根據社會歷史傳統變化(如「船」在英語中經常當作陰性看待)。He用來指代陽性名詞;she用來指代陰性名詞;it用來指代不確定性的名詞和非生物。普遍認為用「it」來形容人類既不禮貌又不符合語法(形容嬰兒時除外);一些英語使用者願意用「they」來指代性別不明或與語境無關的人,另一些人願意用稍稍復雜一些的「he or she」。這種場合很少會引起混淆,因為說話人想要表達的意思從語境中就能夠體現出來。