初二英語知識點ppt人教版

① 人教版初二英語上冊知識點

初二英語知識點復習(總結版)
1.
take : 拿走
take sb. / sth. to someplace;
take sth. with you
bring: 帶來
bring sth for a picnic
It』s going to rain, please take an umbrella with you.
You』d better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.
2.
keep + 名詞 + 形容詞

Keep the windows open, it』s hot here.
keep sb doing sth
I』m sorry I』ve kept you waiting for a long time.
keep表示「借」用於和一段時間連用：
How long can I keep this book?
3.
let / make / have sb do sth
讓（使）某人干某事
Let』s go to the zoo!
How did he make the baby stop crying?
4.
forget to do sth
忘記去做某事
remember to do sth
記得去做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
remember doing sth
記得做過某事
5.
stop to do sth
停下來做另一件事情

stop doing sth
停止正在做的事情
stop sb from doing sth
阻止某人干某事
Let』s stop to have a test, it』s too hot today.
When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.
We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
begin / start
to do sth
6.
tell / ask sb to do sth
否定形式 tell / ask sb not to do sth.
Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous.
Our P.E. teacher told us a story
yesterday.
7.
see / hear / watch sb do sth
see
/ hear /
watch sb doing sth
I heard him singing in the room when I passed by.
8.
enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ;
enjoy oneself = have a good time
Our classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves.
9.
be busy with sth
;
be busy doing sth

They are all busy with their work.

10.
finish doing sth.
Tom didn』t go to bed until he finished writing the composition.
11.
want
sth
/
to do sth
/
sb to do sth

would like
sth
/
to do sth
/
sb to do sth

feel like doing sth.
He didn』t feel like eating anything.
12.
had better do sth
否定形式：
had better not do sth

You』d better not sing here, the baby is asleep.

13.
Why not do sth ?
=
why don』t you do sth ?
=
Why didn』t you do sth ?
Why not come with me?

14.
What about sth
/
what about doing sth ?
=
How about -----?
How about playing basketball with us?
15.
Thank you for sth /
Thanks for doing sth.
Thanks for your help.
------------
It』s a pleasure.
Thanks very much for helping me.
16.
instead往往放在句首或句尾

instead of sth
/
instead of doing sth.
通常放中間
He didn』t go to the park. He went to the cinema instead.
He went to the cinema instead of going to the park..
17.
put on
強調動作
wear 強調狀態

in 介詞，構成一個短詞
Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because we』ll do some cleaning.
Kate is wearing a red sweater today.
The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li
18.
在if 引導的條件狀語從句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引導的時間狀語從句, 當主句是：一般將來時態、含情態動詞或祈使句的情況下，從句用一般現在時表示將來時。
We』ll go hiking if it doesn』t rain tomorrow.
it doesn』t rain
=
it isn』t rainy
I』ll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.
同樣的情況還適用於not ---- until 句型

I won』t go to bed until I finish my homework.
19.
在以when
引導的時間狀語從句, 當從句是一般過去時態時，主句往往用過去進行時,表示在過去的某一時刻正在發生或正在進行的動作：
They were having supper when I got to their home.
20.
It』s time for sth /
It』s time to do sth /
It』s time for sb to do sth.
It』s time for us to start our lesson now.
21.
It takes /
It took /
It will take
somebody some time to do something.
It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning.
It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework.
22.
it 作形式主語或形式賓語，其真正的主語或賓語是後面帶to 的動詞不定式:
It』s necessary to learn English well.
We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.
23.
too ----
to 句型,
too ---- for sb to
do sth ----，對某人來說太-----以致於不能-----
The apples on the
tree
are too high for me to reach.
Kate is too young to go to school.

24.
enough 用法：形前名後， big enough
;
enough food
----- enough to do sth
足夠-------能夠-------
Jim is old enough to go to school.
25.
little , a little 修飾不可數名詞 ;
much 修飾不可數
few a few 修飾可數名詞;
many 修飾可數
a little
a few 具有肯定含義little few 具有否定含義
some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修飾不可數，也可以修飾可數名詞；
There
is a little time left, take it easy.
We』d better go shopping ,there are few eggs left.
Mr. Little doesn』t have much money. （否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）
26.
much too 中心詞是too, 常修飾形容詞,
It』s much too cold today,
we should wear warm clothes.
too much中心詞是much, 常修飾不可數名詞,
There』s too much water,
please be careful..
27.

有關情態動詞的問答：
May I ------?
No, you can』t.
No, you mustn』t.
Must I /
we
-----?
No, you needn』t.

要注意could 和can的區別：could可表示語氣的委婉，也表示過去的能力
Could you help me ?
Could she swim when she was four years old?
要注意must 和have to 的區別：must強調主觀, have to 強調客觀
要注意maybe和 may be的區別 ： maybe在句中作謂語
Maybe it』s here.
It may be here.
28.
不定代詞：someone, anyone ; something , anything , nothing ; somebody , anybody, nobody.
Something常用於肯定句和表示請求的疑問句中 ， anything用於否定句中和疑問句中，not anything = nothing
;

without anything =
with nothing
Would you like something to eat?

I』d like Chinese tea with nothing in it .
形容詞修飾不定代詞要放在不定代詞後面：
Be quiet! I have something important to tell you.
Is there anything interesting in today』s newspaper?
29.
反身代詞: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
要記住：一、二人稱用物主，第三人稱用賓格， 復數self要變selves
和反身代詞有關的一些片語：enjoy oneself.
= have a good time.

learn by oneself,
leave one by oneself
She had to teach her son herself.
I don』t need your help, I can do it myself.
30.
形容詞修飾名詞，副詞修飾動詞：
What a strong wind!
It』s blowing strongly.
連系動詞：be, feel, look, get,
turn , taste, smell, become,
+ 形容詞作表語
31.
感嘆句：What + a/an + 形容詞 + 可數名詞的單數形式+ 主語+ 謂語！
What+ 形容詞+ 可數名詞的復數形式 / 不可數名詞+ 主語+ 謂語！
How + 形容詞或副詞 + 主語+ 謂語！
What a nice day it is !
What beautiful flowers they are!
How happily they are playing!
32.
反意疑問句：要注意前肯後否，前否後肯，要用be動詞，助動詞或情態動詞來做，
要注意否定詞：never, little, few, hardly ,nothing, nobody 等
祈使句的反意疑問句用：will you ?
以Let』s開頭的反意疑問句用: shall we ?
She usually gets up at six, doesn』t she?
There』s little water in the bottle, is there?
Please take these
books to the office, will you?
You have never been to New York, have you?
33.
形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級：要注意比較級和最高級的構成:
規則變化: 要雙寫的：big, fat, thin, red,

不規則變化：good,
bad,
far,
ill,

比較級用在：than ，
a little + ，
much + ,
最高級用在：
of all, of the three, in his class, in the world等表示有范圍的短語中，

one of + 最高級 + 可數名詞的復數
34.
以so 引導的倒裝句：表示-----也一樣，也如此，前後主語要不一致，要通過be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞來做:
I reached home at 9:00, so did my brother.
Canadians eat a lot of beef, so do Chinese people.
35.
either---or----, neither ---- nor ----
連接兩個主語，謂語動詞採用就近原則；
Either of ----或 Neither of ------謂語動詞用單數；
Both of
------或 both
---- and -----謂語動詞用復數
Both of them are Chinese.
Neither of them is Australian.
Neither Jim nor I am American.

② 人教版英語初二上歸納

Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
知識點：
1．一般現在時，第三人稱單數作主語時，動詞的變化規則。
1） 一般在動詞後加-s詞尾。如，come-comes live-lives
2） 在以ch, sh ,s, x, 或o結尾的詞後要加-es, 如，
teach-teaches catch-catches wish-wishes wash-washes
miss-misses guess-guesses mix-mixes fix-fixes
go-goes do-does
3） 以「輔音+y」結尾的詞，先變y為I 再加es,如，
Try-tries study-studies reply-replies fly-flies
1． 主語為第三人稱單數時一般現在時的結構
肯定式：主語+ 謂語動詞的第三人稱單數+其他。
He likes bananas a lot. 他非常喜歡吃香蕉。
否定式：主語+助動詞（doesn』t）+動詞原形+其他。
She doesn』t like milk.她不喜歡喝牛奶。
疑問式：助動詞（Does）+主語+動詞原形+其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主語+does.
否定回答：No, 主語+doesn』t.
-Does Kate like meat? 凱特喜歡吃肉嗎？
-Yes, she does. 是的，她喜歡。
-No, she doesn』t. 不，她不喜歡。
2．頻度副詞的用法
1）頻度副詞是表示動作頻率的詞彙，常用的有always100%,usually80%,often50%,somtimes30%,hardly ever2%never0%
2）頻度副詞的位置
a) 放在連系動詞，助動詞或情態動詞後面
b) 放在行為動詞前
c) 有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾，用來表示強調
Sometimes I walk home,sometimes I go home by bus.
【注意】never放在句首時，主語，謂語動詞要倒狀。
Never have I learnt this word.我從沒學過這個詞。
3．詞語辨析：
1）
a) good, fine, well, nice
good是通用詞，可以表示各種品質方面的優異，從美學到道德規范幾乎都可以使用。
It is an old film, but it』s very good.
b) fine表示「上好的，精細的」，也可以表示「美好的」，天氣「晴朗的」。
She always wears fine clothes.她總穿好衣服。
It is fine sand.這是細砂。
It is a fine day today. 今天天氣晴朗。
c) well表示身體「無病的，健康的「
d) nice表示使人感到「愉快的，好的「
2）every day, everyday
every day作狀語；everyday作定語
3）some time, some times, sometime, sometimes,
a)some time表示「一些時間」，此處time為不可數名詞「時間」，如
Don』t worry. We have sometime.別著急，我們還有些時間。
b)some times表示「一些次數/倍數」，此處time為可數名詞「次數/倍數」。
I have been to Hong Kong some times.我去過香港好幾次了。
c)sometime表示「在某個時候」，且多指將來
We are going to HongKong sometime next summer.明年夏天的某個時候，我們將要去香港。
d)sometimes表示「有時，不時」，意思與at times相近，且多指現在的情況。
My family sometimes goes to Hong Kong for vacations.我們家有時去香港度假。
4）all, most, some ,no
這四個詞都是用來表示大概的數量，但是他們所表示的程度不同：all所有的,most大部分的，some一些，no 沒有。如，all boys所有男孩，most boys大部分男孩，some boys一些男孩，no boys 沒有男孩。
5）health, healthy
Health意思是「健康」，為名詞；而healthy是在health的詞尾加上加上y,變成形容詞，意思是「健康的」。它們的用法也不大相同：health一般只作主語或賓語；而healthy多作定語或表語。
類似的詞彙還有很多，要注意區分：sleep-sleepy, luck-lucky,mood-moody
6)kind, kind of, a kind of
Kind有兩種基本意思：1。作名詞，意思是「種類，類型」；2。作形容詞，用來形容熱，意思為「仁慈的，友善的，善良的」.

◆ unit2 What』s the matter?
目標語言：Talk about your health and give advice
重點句型：What』s the matter?=What』s the trouble?= What』s wrong with you?
I have a sore throat. You should drink some hot tea with honey.
I have a stomacke. You should lie down and rest.
I have a toothache. You should see a dentist.
I have a fever. You should drink lots of water.
That』s a good idea.
I am not feeling well.
When did it start? About three days ago.
That』s too bad.
I think so.
I hope you feel better soon.
Do you have a headache? Yes, I do.
I am tired. You should go to bed early.
I am stressed out. You should listen to music.
I am thirsty. You should have a drink.
I am hungry. You should eat an apple.
重點片語：lie down, hot tea with honey, lots of water,advise sb to do.
go to bed, listen to music, healthy lifestyle, believe in, for example, too much, be good for, a balanced diet, get tired, stay healthy, stressed out, hope todo, wish sb to do, at the moment, improve on/upon, host family，on the other hand
知識點：
1. I am sorry to hear that….獲悉．．．我很抱歉（遺憾）
I am sorry to hear that your mother is ill.
2. enjoy用法
enjoy sth.喜愛，欣賞某物I enjoy my job.我喜愛我的工作．
enjoy doing喜歡做某事．I enjoy swimming in summer.在夏天，我喜歡游泳．
enjoy oneself＝have a good time玩得開心 We enjoyed ourselves at the party yesterday.我們在昨天的聚會上玩得很開心．
3．hope的用法
hope to do希望做某事I hope to work with you. 我希望能同你一起工作．
hope+clause . I hope (that) he will be better soon.我希望他快些好起來．
【注意】如果想表示希望某人做某事要用wish sb to do如，I wish him to come．我希望他來．
4. Until的用法：
Until 和 till的意義相同，都有「直到」，「直到．．．才」，」在．．．以前不」的意思．它們的使用方法為：
1) 作介詞: 作介詞，後面通常接表時間的名詞或短語．如We are back until/till3o』clock.三點種我們才回來．
2) 作連詞： 作連詞時，until和till引導時間狀語從句．如 Go along this road until you see the park沿著這條路走，直到你看到公園為止。
【注意】1）以上的狀語從句的例句都是從句在主句之後，如果把從句放在主句之前，那麼，引導詞用till.如Till you come back, I won』t leavehere.直到你回來我才回離開這。
2)主句的動作是終止性的，要用not…until／till句型。
5.can 的用法
Can意思為」能，會」，是情態動詞，其後接動詞原形，否定形式為can not，縮寫為can』t．過去式為could，could有時用於一般現在時態，語氣比can 委婉．
1) 表示能力．I can sing我會唱歌。
2) 表示驚訝，不相信等態度，主要用於否定句或疑問句中。
Can it be hers?這能是她的嗎？
You can』t be serious.你不會當真吧。
3）表示允許，意思與may相近，主要用於口語中。
Can I smoke here?我能在這兒抽煙嗎？
6.too much, much too, too many
too much 表示「太多」，用來修飾不可數名詞；much too表示「太」，修飾形容詞或副詞；too many表示「太多」，用來修飾可數名詞的復數。
7．ago,before
Ago與before都表示「．．．．以前」，但用法有區別：
Ago表示從此刻算起的若干時間之前，常用於過去時的句子中．如
He bought the computer two days ago.兩天前他買了一台電腦．
Before作為副詞時表示1）從過去某個時刻算起的若干時間以前，用於過去完成時的句子中；籠統的」以前」，用於一般過去時或現在完成時的句子中．如
He had already taken away the computer long before.他早就拿定了電腦．
I have read that novel before．我以前讀過這部小說．
8． maybe, may be
maybe adv 或許，大概。其同義詞為perhaps.
may be是情態動詞+be動詞的形式，作謂語，意思為「可能」。
【注意】由於may是情態動詞，因此無人稱和數的變化，也沒有將來時態，即：將來時用現在時來表示。而maybe是副詞，不能決定句子的時態，因此要根據具體情況，使用相應的時態。
9keep的用法
keep+形容詞. Please keep quiet!
keep+副詞 Danger! Keep out!危險！不要靠近！
keep+介詞 Keep off the grass!勿踐踏草坪！
【相關短語】keep at堅持下去 keep in with保持友好關系
keep in mind 記住 keep on繼續 keep up持續不停 keep up with趕上
10．如果其後是明確的疾病名稱就要用have，如果其後是表達身體狀況的形容詞，則用be。如 I have a sore throat. I am tired.
11.a few有一點，表示肯定；後面接可數名詞；few幾乎沒有，極少，表示否定，後面接可署名詞；a little有一點，表示肯定，後面接不可數名詞；little幾乎沒有，極少，表示否定，後面接不可數名詞。

◆unit3 What are you doing for vacation?
知識點：
1． 現在進行時何時表示非進行意義
「be+現在分詞」構成進行時態，表示動作正在發生或進行。但也有特殊情況
1） 表示轉移的動詞leave,go, come, start等進行時態表將來的時候，時常伴有意圖，安排或打算的含義。這種現在進行時比較生動，給人一種期待感，它常常表示最近或較近的將來。He is leaving fro London tomorrow.他明天就要去倫敦。
2） 表示將來的現在進行時除用轉移動詞外，也可以用某些非轉移動詞。如，
When I grow up, I am joining the army.我長大要參軍。
3） 頻度副詞always, forever,continually等和進行時連用，帶有一定的感情色彩， 泛指一切時間內所做的事情，或者表示客觀事實。這種用法比較口語化，也比較生動。
The earth is always turning.地球轉個不停。
2． Leave的用法
1） 「leave+地點」表示「離開某地」如，When did you leave Changchun?
2） 「leave for+地點」表示「離開去某地」 如She is leaving for London.
3） 「leave+地點+for +地點」表示「離開某地去某地」
Why are you leaving Changchun for Wuhan?
3.finish doing做完某事
4．Hear的用法 hear-heard-heard
1）hear+that引導的從句。That可省略不用。如
I hear there』s an interesting film tonight.
2）hear sb do sth聽見某人做某事。如
I hear her sing every day.
3)hear sb doing聽見某人正在做某事。如
I hear him singing in the next room.
5.all, both
all「全部，都」，指三者或三者以上事物；both「都」，指兩者。
6.about, on關於
About指的內容較為普通，不那麼正式，含有隨便談論的意味。如
I know nothing about the matter.我對這事一無所知。
On指的內容較為嚴肅或學術性的，可供專門研究這一問題的人閱讀或參考。
He has written lots of books on the history of Japan.他寫了許多關於日本史的書。
7．this summer指「今年夏天」，象這樣有this, that ,these, those,next等修飾的詞作時間狀語時前面不需要加介詞。
8．Famous的用法
Be famous for 因。。而聞名； be famous as作為。。。而聞名
9．Problem, question「問題」
Question是對某事懷疑因而提出的需要考慮，討論，等待回答的問題；problem是客觀存在的，等待解決的問題。
Question常與動詞ask ,answer連用；problem常與動詞solve連用。
10．Forget的用法forget-forgot-forgotten
forget to do sth忘記去做某事。表示動作尚未發生；forget doing sth忘記做過某事。表示動作已經發生。Remember用法與forget相同。
11．Decide的用法
decide to do sth決定做某事；decide on doing sth/sth決定，取決；make a decision做決定
12．Think about, think out, think over, think of
think about考慮，回想 He thought about going to Greece or Spain.他考慮去希臘還是西班牙。
think out想出 We thought out a perfect way at last.我們最後想出了絕妙的方法。
think over仔細考慮，認真考慮 Please think it over, I am sure you can get the answer.
think of 考慮，設想，想起等，常用於否定句，與could,should,would連用，表示「有。。。想法（念頭）」。You shouldn』t think of that.你不該那麼想。
13．Visitor ,guest
Visitor指訪問者，探訪者，來客等。Guest指客人，來客。如果你是一個visitor，說明你想去訪問某人或參觀某地；如果你是一個guest，就是指你是受某人邀請的客人或者是應邀到其家中作客，或者應邀去吃飯，或者應邀去聽音樂會，看戲等，guest也指旅館的旅客。
14．Go+doing通常表示去做某些活動。如，go camping去野營， go fishing去釣魚
15．Sound, noise
Sound系常用詞，泛指「任何聲音，不論高低，大小，是否悅耳或有無意義」。如 the sound of footsteps腳步聲；noise 指「任何混雜，嘈雜，刺耳或起干擾作用，令人厭煩的聲音」。
16．Rent的用法
Rent即為可數名詞rent out 出租，租出；rent at以。。。出租
17．Comlete,finish
Finish表示過去某個時候著手做的事已經做完，或者表示對已經做完的事情進行精密加工；complet側重表示做完或完成某工作，特別是一項任務，或者把某工作圓滿結束。

◆ unit4 How do you get to school?
知識點：
1．How 問句簡介
1）how詢問交通方式
-How can I get to the railway station?我怎樣才能到火車站？
-You can take the No.5 bus.你可以乘五路公共汽車。
2)how詢問身體狀況
-How is your father?你爸爸身體怎麼樣？
-He』s fine. 他很好。
-How is everything going?一切進展得怎麼樣？
-Everything goes well with me.我一切都好。
3）how far詢問距離
Could you tell me how far it is from here to your home?你能告訴我從這到你家有多遠嗎？
4） how long詢問物體的長度或時間的長度
-How long is the Long River?長江有多長？
-It』s about 6300kilometres.大約6300千米長。
-How long did you live here?你住在這多久了？
-For about 4years.四年了
5）how old詢問年齡
You want to know how old he is?你想知道他多大嗎？
6）how often詢問頻率
-How often does she play football?他多久踢一次足球？
-Every day.每天（都踢）。
7）how soon詢問多久以後會發生某事
-How soon will she come back? 她多久回來？
-She will come back in an hour. 她一個小時後會回來。
8）how many/much詢問數量，how much還可以詢問價格
How many students are there in your class?你們班有多少學生？
How much money does this cost? 這要多少錢？
2．表達交通方式的方法
1）take+a(the)+交通工具: take the bus
2) go to…on foot 步行去。。。
ride to… 騎車去。。。
drive to…. 開車去。。。
fly to…. 飛往。。。
sail to… 坐船去。。。
3）by+交通工具 乘，坐
by air, by plane乘飛機；by sea，by ship乘船；by bike騎車；by car坐車
4）in(on)+冠詞（形容詞性物主代詞）+交通工具 表示「乘，坐）
In多用於帶艙或車廂的交通工具，側重於封閉式的交通工具，in the bus
On多用於開放式或封閉式，on the bike
3．「花費」的幾種說法
a) take「花費」：It takes sb. some time to do
It takes some time for sb to do
Sth takes sb some time to do(主語多為工程，項目)
The bridge will take us three years to build.
Sb takes some time to do
I took a month to read this book.
b)cost「 花費」，主語一般是要買的東西的名詞
The book cost me five yuan.
c) pay主語為人，其賓語可以是人也可以是錢。pay+money+for+sth.
I will pay five yuan for this book.
d) spend「花費」：spend+time/money+(in)doing
I spent five yuan in buying this book.
spend+time/money+on sth
I spent five yuan on this book.
Spend除了花費講以外，還有度過，消磨的意思，spend…with friends和朋友共度好時光。
4．quick,fast
Quick常指反應快或表示某事在比較短的時間內發生或完成。如
He had breakfast quickly.他很快吃完午飯。
Fast側重於指人或物體具有動作快的特點。如
Run as fast as you can .盡可能的快跑。
5．get to, reach, arrive in/at「到達」
get to+地點名詞，但跟here,there,home等詞要省略to,如get here; reach+地點名詞；arrive in+大地方；arrive at+小地方
6．home,family,house
Home指一個人出生或居住的地方（也許不是房屋，而是帳篷或船等）；family指家庭或家庭所有成員，【注意】當family表示「家庭」，將「家庭」看作一個整體時謂語用單數；當family強調家庭成員時謂語用復數；house指家庭居住的房屋。
7．stop,station
stop一般指公共汽車在馬路上停止，乘客上下車的站點；station一般指始發站。
8．must」在反意疑問句中的用法
1. must作「必須」解釋， mustn't作「不允許」解釋時
They must clean the floor, mustn't they/needn't they?
他們必須擦地板，是不是？
We must stay at home, mustn't we?
我們必須留在家裡，是不是？
We mustn't be late, must/may we?
我們不許遲到，是不是？
2. must表示推測時：
They must be playing basketball, mustn't they?
他們肯定在打籃球，是不是？. You must be more careful. 你必須更小心。
(1) 情態動詞must意為「必須」，「應該」，表必要性；用第一人稱時，表示說話人認為有義務、有必要（做某事）；用第二、第三人稱時，表示說話人的命令或要求別人做某事。其否定形式為mustn』t，意思是「不應該」，表示「禁止」、「警告」，回答must引出的問句時，否定回答常用need not（needn』t）或don』t have to表示「不必」。例：—Must I finish my homework before eight? 我必須在八點前完成作業嗎？
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn』t. 是的，你必須這樣。/不，你不必這樣。
但在帶有must的反意疑問句中，其後半句簡略疑問式不能用needn』t，仍用mustn』t. 例： She must do the work, mustn』t she?
（2）must在肯定句中可以表示「一定是」，表示不可避免性，肯定性，把握大的推測。此時，它的否定式應用can』t，表示「不可能」。例：
It must be more delicious in the paper bags, in the open air. 在戶外，裝在紙袋裡一定會更美味。
注意：have to也有「必須」的意思，它有時態和人稱的變化，而must沒有。另外，must帶有主觀因素，意為「一定」，而have to帶有客觀因素，意為「不得不」
9．other, another, the other, the others, others
Other指「另外的」，後面一般須加名詞。She doesn』t like other skirts.
Another指三個或三個以上中的「任何一個」，或同類中的「另一個，再一個」
The other表示兩個事物或人中的「另一個」。One…the other…
The others是the other的復數形式，表示「其餘全部」
Others指「另外一些」。Some…others…
10. 一般現在時，第三人稱單數作主語時，動詞的變化規則。
5） 一般在動詞後加-s詞尾。如，come-comes live-lives
6） 在以ch, sh ,s, x, 或o結尾的詞後要加-es, 如，
teach-teaches catch-catches wish-wishes wash-washes
miss-misses guess-guesses mix-mixes fix-fixes
go-goes do-does
7） 以「輔音+y」結尾的詞，先變y為I 再加es,如，
Try-tries study-studies reply-replies fly-flies
11. 形容詞的比較級的構成
（1）一般情況+er：cheap—cheaper
（2）以e結尾+r，nice—nicer
（3）重讀閉音節結尾，詞尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再+er，big—bigger
（4）輔音字母+y結尾，把y改為i再+er，heavy—heavier
形容詞比較級的用法：
句中出現兩個比較對象時，該用比較級。常見的句型有：
1. A is ＋比較級＋than B. 意為：A 比B要更……。例如：
He is older than you. 他比你大。
Mary is happier than Tom. 瑪麗比湯姆更高興。
2. Which / Who is ＋比較級，A or B? 意為：A 和B 哪一個 / 誰更……？例如：
Which is bigger, the moon or the earth? 月亮和地球，哪個更大？
Who is taller, you or he? 你和他，誰的個子高？
3. 有時因為被比較對象不需要說出來，句中就會省略「than＋被比較對象」，這時要根據上下文的暗示來判斷形容詞的級別。例如：
The woman has a son and a daughter. The son is younger. (younger 後省略了than the daughter ) 那個女人有一兒一女，兒子要小一些。
Are you feeling better now? (句末省略了than before ) 你現在感覺好些了嗎？
形容詞最高級的構成：
1）一般在形容詞詞尾加-est. ,new-newest
2)以e結尾+st, nice-nicest
3) 重讀閉音節結尾，詞尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再+est，big—biggest
4)輔音字母+y結尾，把y改為i再+est，heavy—heaviest
形容詞最高級的用法
句中出現三個或三個以上的比較對象時，則要用最高級形式，最高級的前面一般要加the。常見的句型有：
1. A is the ＋最高級＋of / in ... 意為：在……中，A最……。例如：
This apple is the biggest of all. 在所有的蘋果中，這個最大。
He is the strongest in his class. 他是他們班上最強壯的一個。
2. Which / Who is the ＋最高級，A, B, or C? 意為：在A、 B 、C 中，哪一個 / 誰最……？例如：
Which is the heaviest, the horse, the sheep or the cat? 在馬、羊和貓中，哪一個最重？
Who is the youngest, your father, your mother, or your aunt? 在你爸、媽和姑姑三人中，誰最年輕？
值得注意的是，當句中出現三者或三者以上的比較對象時，也可以把其中的一個作為比較對象的一方，而其它的所有的比較對象作為另一方，用比較級形式進行比較。例如：
Tom is taller than Kate and Mary.(= Tom is the tallest of the three.) 湯姆是三個人中個子最高的。
Li Lei is older than the other students in his class. (= Li lei is the oldest student in his class.) 李雷是他班上年齡最大的學生。
12.. in,with
In表示使用某種語言，或表示所用的材料或顏色；with強調使用具體工具。
13．Speak, say,talk,tell
Speak指說什麼語言。Speak著重開口發聲的動作；say指用語言表達自己的思想，強調說的內容；talk指連續性的說話或交談。常用短語talk to, talk with, talk about; tell 指將一件事，一個故事等告訴給別人。
14．make,have, let都是使役動詞。make/have/let sb do.或sb.be made/had/let to do
15.if引導的條件狀語從句，主句為一般將來時，從句為一般現在時。
16．some time, some times, sometime, sometimes,
a)some time表示「一些時間」，此處time為不可數名詞「時間」，如
Don』t worry. We have sometime.別著急，我們還有些時間。
b)some times表示「一些次數/倍數」，此處time為可數名詞「次數/倍數」。
I have been to Hong Kong some times.我去過香港好幾次了。
c)sometime表示「在某個時候」，且多指將來
We are going to HongKong sometime next summer.明年夏天的某個時候，我們將要去香港。
d)sometimes表示「有時，不時」，意思與at times相近，且多指現在的情況。
My family sometimes goes to Hong Kong for vacations.我們家有時去香港度假。
17．How long與how far
How long多長，用來詢問時間，指時間上的長久，how far多遠，用來詢問距離，指路程上的遠近。
18．時間的表達法：
①整點： It's ＋基數詞（one, two, …）＋o'clock.
e.g. It's twelve o'clock. 現在12點整。
②幾點過幾分： It's ＋分＋past＋小時
（基數詞） （基數詞）
e.g. It's twenty past five. 現在5：20。
③幾點差幾分： It's＋分＋to＋小時
（基數詞）（基數詞）
e.g. It's twenty to six. 現在5：40。/現在6點差20。
注意：
A、介詞to, past前的分鍾通常在30之內，但幾點半，通常用介詞past.
e.g. It's half past six. 現在6：30。
B、時間的表達有一種簡單的方法：即直接用小時＋分鍾
（基數詞） （基數詞）
e.g. It's eight twenty –five 現在8：25。
（3）有關時間的兩個句型：
e.g. It's time for school. = It's time to go to school. 到了上學的時候。

③ 人教版初二英語各單元知識點匯總

新目標英語八年級上筆記
Review of Unit 1－6
I. language goals （語言目標）
1. Talk about how often you do things 談論做事情的頻率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
談論健康話題以及提出建議。
3. Talk about future plans.
談論未來的計劃/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places.
談論到達某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
學會發出，接受和拒絕邀請並說出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
學會談論個人品質以及如何比較人們。
II. Key Phrases （重點短語）：
1. how often 多長時間一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 許多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…開始
6. try to do sth. 試著去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有點不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一個月兩次
11. be good for 對…有好處
12. once in a while 偶爾
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙醫
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/發燒
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的熱茶
20. be stressed out 緊張
21. listen to … 聽…
22. get tired 變的疲勞
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻；目前
25. watch TV 看電視
26. play basketball 打籃球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜訪我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放鬆
30. sports camp 運動野營
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野營/釣魚/購物/觀光
33. go away 離開
34. get back to school 返回學校
35. stay for a week 呆一個星期
36. go bike riding 騎自行車兜風
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租錄像帶
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考慮
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地鐵/公共車/小船/飛機
42. get to 到達
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共車/飛機/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火車/地鐵/公共車站
45. bus ride 乘公共車的旅行
46. ride a bike 騎自行車
47. bus stop 公共汽車站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 離開去…
50. school bus 學校班車
51. the early bus 早班車
52. be different from 與…不同
53. half past six 六點半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多於
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比賽
60. school team 校隊
61. come over to 過來到…
62. the day after tomorrow 後天
63. be good at 擅長於…
64. two years ago 兩年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起來一樣
69. talk to everyone 與大家談話
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型：
Unit 1:
1. －What do you usually do on weekends?
－I usually go to the movies.
2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends?
－He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What』s the matter?
What』s wrong?
What』s the trouble?
2. I』m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn』t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don』t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I』m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. －What is she doing for vacation?
－She is babysitting her little sister.
－That sounds nice / interesting.
2. －When are you going?
－I』m going on Monday.
3. －Where are they going?
－They are going to Tibet.
4. －Who is she going with?
－She is going with her parents.
5. －How long is he staying.
－He is staying for a week.
6. －How is the weather there?
－I』m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. －How do you get to school?
－I get to school by bus.
2. －How does he go to work?
－He usually walks to school.
3. －How long does it take?
－It takes about twenty minutes.
4. －How far is it from his home to school?
－It』s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
－Sure, I』d love to. / I』m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
－No, she can』t. She has to help her mom.
3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday?
－When is it?
－It』s at four o』clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I』m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What』s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I』m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?

④ 人教版初二英語知識要點

Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
目標語言：talk about how often you do things
重點句型：What does she do on weekends? She often goes to the movies.
What do you usually do on weekends? I usually play soccer.
How often does Cheng watch TV? He watches TV twice a week.
How many hours do you sleep every day? I sleep for nine hours .
Do you think she has a healthy lifestyle ? Yes,I do.
Is her lifestyle the same as yours? Yes, it is.
Who is the healthiest? Tom is the healthiest.
重點片語：watch TV, read newspaper, go to the movies, surf the Internet, read English books, once or twice a week, every day, three or four times a week, the result of, be interested in, translate…into…,be good for, try to, the same as, help sb. to do,keep in good health.
知識點：
1．一般現在時，第三人稱單數作主語時，動詞的變化規則。
1） 一般在動詞後加-s詞尾。如，come-comes live-lives
2） 在以ch, sh ,s, x, 或o結尾的詞後要加-es, 如，
teach-teaches catch-catches wish-wishes wash-washes
miss-misses guess-guesses mix-mixes fix-fixes
go-goes do-does
3） 以「輔音+y」結尾的詞，先變y為I 再加es,如，
Try-tries study-studies reply-replies fly-flies
1． 主語為第三人稱單數時一般現在時的結構
肯定式：主語+ 謂語動詞的第三人稱單數+其他。
He likes bananas a lot. 他非常喜歡吃香蕉。
否定式：主語+助動詞（doesn』t）+動詞原形+其他。
She doesn』t like milk.她不喜歡喝牛奶。
疑問式：助動詞（Does）+主語+動詞原形+其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主語+does.
否定回答：No, 主語+doesn』t.
-Does Kate like meat? 凱特喜歡吃肉嗎？
-Yes, she does. 是的，她喜歡。
-No, she doesn』t. 不，她不喜歡。
2．頻度副詞的用法
1）頻度副詞是表示動作頻率的詞彙，常用的有always100%,usually80%,often50%,somtimes30%,hardly ever2%never0%
2）頻度副詞的位置
a) 放在連系動詞，助動詞或情態動詞後面
b) 放在行為動詞前
c) 有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾，用來表示強調
Sometimes I walk home,sometimes I go home by bus.
【注意】never放在句首時，主語，謂語動詞要倒狀。
Never have I learnt this word.我從沒學過這個詞。
3．詞語辨析：
1）
a) good, fine, well, nice
good是通用詞，可以表示各種品質方面的優異，從美學到道德規范幾乎都可以使用。
It is an old film, but it』s very good.
b) fine表示「上好的，精細的」，也可以表示「美好的」，天氣「晴朗的」。
She always wears fine clothes.她總穿好衣服。
It is fine sand.這是細砂。
It is a fine day today. 今天天氣晴朗。
c) well表示身體「無病的，健康的「
d) nice表示使人感到「愉快的，好的「
2）every day, everyday
every day作狀語；everyday作定語
3）some time, some times, sometime, sometimes,
a)some time表示「一些時間」，此處time為不可數名詞「時間」，如
Don』t worry. We have sometime.別著急，我們還有些時間。
b)some times表示「一些次數/倍數」，此處time為可數名詞「次數/倍數」。
I have been to Hong Kong some times.我去過香港好幾次了。
c)sometime表示「在某個時候」，且多指將來
We are going to HongKong sometime next summer.明年夏天的某個時候，我們將要去香港。
d)sometimes表示「有時，不時」，意思與at times相近，且多指現在的情況。
My family sometimes goes to Hong Kong for vacations.我們家有時去香港度假。
4）all, most, some ,no
這四個詞都是用來表示大概的數量，但是他們所表示的程度不同：all所有的,most大部分的，some一些，no 沒有。如，all boys所有男孩，most boys大部分男孩，some boys一些男孩，no boys 沒有男孩。
5）health, healthy
Health意思是「健康」，為名詞；而healthy是在health的詞尾加上加上y,變成形容詞，意思是「健康的」。它們的用法也不大相同：health一般只作主語或賓語；而healthy多作定語或表語。
類似的詞彙還有很多，要注意區分：sleep-sleepy, luck-lucky,mood-moody
6)kind, kind of, a kind of
Kind有兩種基本意思：1。作名詞，意思是「種類，類型」；2。作形容詞，用來形容熱，意思為「仁慈的，友善的，善良的」.

◆ unit2 What』s the matter?
目標語言：Talk about your health and give advice
重點句型：What』s the matter?=What』s the trouble?= What』s wrong with you?
I have a sore throat. You should drink some hot tea with honey.
I have a stomacke. You should lie down and rest.
I have a toothache. You should see a dentist.
I have a fever. You should drink lots of water.
That』s a good idea.
I am not feeling well.
When did it start? About three days ago.
That』s too bad.
I think so.
I hope you feel better soon.
Do you have a headache? Yes, I do.
I am tired. You should go to bed early.
I am stressed out. You should listen to music.
I am thirsty. You should have a drink.
I am hungry. You should eat an apple.
重點片語：lie down, hot tea with honey, lots of water,advise sb to do.
go to bed, listen to music, healthy lifestyle, believe in, for example, too much, be good for, a balanced diet, get tired, stay healthy, stressed out, hope todo, wish sb to do, at the moment, improve on/upon, host family，on the other hand
知識點：
1. I am sorry to hear that….獲悉．．．我很抱歉（遺憾）
I am sorry to hear that your mother is ill.
2. enjoy用法
enjoy sth.喜愛，欣賞某物I enjoy my job.我喜愛我的工作．
enjoy doing喜歡做某事．I enjoy swimming in summer.在夏天，我喜歡游泳．
enjoy oneself＝have a good time玩得開心 We enjoyed ourselves at the party yesterday.我們在昨天的聚會上玩得很開心．
3．hope的用法
hope to do希望做某事I hope to work with you. 我希望能同你一起工作．
hope+clause . I hope (that) he will be better soon.我希望他快些好起來．
【注意】如果想表示希望某人做某事要用wish sb to do如，I wish him to come．我希望他來．
4. Until的用法：
Until 和 till的意義相同，都有「直到」，「直到．．．才」，」在．．．以前不」的意思．它們的使用方法為：
1) 作介詞: 作介詞，後面通常接表時間的名詞或短語．如We are back until/till3o』clock.三點種我們才回來．
2) 作連詞： 作連詞時，until和till引導時間狀語從句．如 Go along this road until you see the park沿著這條路走，直到你看到公園為止。
【注意】1）以上的狀語從句的例句都是從句在主句之後，如果把從句放在主句之前，那麼，引導詞用till.如Till you come back, I won』t leavehere.直到你回來我才回離開這。
2)主句的動作是終止性的，要用not…until／till句型。
5.can 的用法
Can意思為」能，會」，是情態動詞，其後接動詞原形，否定形式為can not，縮寫為can』t．過去式為could，could有時用於一般現在時態，語氣比can 委婉．
1) 表示能力．I can sing我會唱歌。
2) 表示驚訝，不相信等態度，主要用於否定句或疑問句中。
Can it be hers?這能是她的嗎？
You can』t be serious.你不會當真吧。
3）表示允許，意思與may相近，主要用於口語中。
Can I smoke here?我能在這兒抽煙嗎？
6.too much, much too, too many
too much 表示「太多」，用來修飾不可數名詞；much too表示「太」，修飾形容詞或副詞；too many表示「太多」，用來修飾可數名詞的復數。
7．ago,before
Ago與before都表示「．．．．以前」，但用法有區別：
Ago表示從此刻算起的若干時間之前，常用於過去時的句子中．如
He bought the computer two days ago.兩天前他買了一台電腦．
Before作為副詞時表示1）從過去某個時刻算起的若干時間以前，用於過去完成時的句子中；籠統的」以前」，用於一般過去時或現在完成時的句子中．如
He had already taken away the computer long before.他早就拿定了電腦．
I have read that novel before．我以前讀過這部小說．
8． maybe, may be
maybe adv 或許，大概。其同義詞為perhaps.
may be是情態動詞+be動詞的形式，作謂語，意思為「可能」。
【注意】由於may是情態動詞，因此無人稱和數的變化，也沒有將來時態，即：將來時用現在時來表示。而maybe是副詞，不能決定句子的時態，因此要根據具體情況，使用相應的時態。
9keep的用法
keep+形容詞. Please keep quiet!
keep+副詞 Danger! Keep out!危險！不要靠近！
keep+介詞 Keep off the grass!勿踐踏草坪！
【相關短語】keep at堅持下去 keep in with保持友好關系
keep in mind 記住 keep on繼續 keep up持續不停 keep up with趕上
10．如果其後是明確的疾病名稱就要用have，如果其後是表達身體狀況的形容詞，則用be。如 I have a sore throat. I am tired.
11.a few有一點，表示肯定；後面接可數名詞；few幾乎沒有，極少，表示否定，後面接可署名詞；a little有一點，表示肯定，後面接不可數名詞；little幾乎沒有，極少，表示否定，後面接不可數名詞。

◆unit3 What are you doing for vacation?
目標語言：talk about future plane
重點句型：What are you doing for vacation? I』m visiting my grandmother.
What is she doing for vacation? She』s going camping.
Who are you going with? I』m going with my parents.
When is he going? He』s going on the 12th.
How long are you staying? I』m staying for four days.
Where are you going for vacation? I am going to Italy.
How is the weather? It is fine.
Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans? Sure.
重點片語：spend time with friends, go to the beach, go to sports camp,visit cousins, go bike riding, go sightseeing, talk walks, go fishing, rent videos, be famous for/as, think about, decide on, do something different, plan to do, go fishing, hope to do, forget to do/doing, wait to do, finish doing, ask sb. about sth.
知識點：
1． 現在進行時何時表示非進行意義
「be+現在分詞」構成進行時態，表示動作正在發生或進行。但也有特殊情況
1） 表示轉移的動詞leave,go, come, start等進行時態表將來的時候，時常伴有意圖，安排或打算的含義。這種現在進行時比較生動，給人一種期待感，它常常表示最近或較近的將來。He is leaving fro London tomorrow.他明天就要去倫敦。
2） 表示將來的現在進行時除用轉移動詞外，也可以用某些非轉移動詞。如，
When I grow up, I am joining the army.我長大要參軍。
3） 頻度副詞always, forever,continually等和進行時連用，帶有一定的感情色彩， 泛指一切時間內所做的事情，或者表示客觀事實。這種用法比較口語化，也比較生動。
The earth is always turning.地球轉個不停。
2． Leave的用法
1） 「leave+地點」表示「離開某地」如，When did you leave Changchun?
2） 「leave for+地點」表示「離開去某地」 如She is leaving for London.
3） 「leave+地點+for +地點」表示「離開某地去某地」
Why are you leaving Changchun for Wuhan?
3.finish doing做完某事
4．Hear的用法 hear-heard-heard
1）hear+that引導的從句。That可省略不用。如
I hear there』s an interesting film tonight.
2）hear sb do sth聽見某人做某事。如
I hear her sing every day.
3)hear sb doing聽見某人正在做某事。如
I hear him singing in the next room.
5.all, both
all「全部，都」，指三者或三者以上事物；both「都」，指兩者。
6.about, on關於
About指的內容較為普通，不那麼正式，含有隨便談論的意味。如
I know nothing about the matter.我對這事一無所知。
On指的內容較為嚴肅或學術性的，可供專門研究這一問題的人閱讀或參考。
He has written lots of books on the history of Japan.他寫了許多關於日本史的書。
7．this summer指「今年夏天」，象這樣有this, that ,these, those,next等修飾的詞作時間狀語時前面不需要加介詞。
8．Famous的用法
Be famous for 因。。而聞名； be famous as作為。。。而聞名
9．Problem, question「問題」
Question是對某事懷疑因而提出的需要考慮，討論，等待回答的問題；problem是客觀存在的，等待解決的問題。
Question常與動詞ask ,answer連用；problem常與動詞solve連用。
10．Forget的用法forget-forgot-forgotten
forget to do sth忘記去做某事。表示動作尚未發生；forget doing sth忘記做過某事。表示動作已經發生。Remember用法與forget相同。
11．Decide的用法
decide to do sth決定做某事；decide on doing sth/sth決定，取決；make a decision做決定
12．Think about, think out, think over, think of
think about考慮，回想 He thought about going to Greece or Spain.他考慮去希臘還是西班牙。
think out想出 We thought out a perfect way at last.我們最後想出了絕妙的方法。
think over仔細考慮，認真考慮 Please think it over, I am sure you can get the answer.
think of 考慮，設想，想起等，常用於否定句，與could,should,would連用，表示「有。。。想法（念頭）」。You shouldn』t think of that.你不該那麼想。
13．Visitor ,guest
Visitor指訪問者，探訪者，來客等。Guest指客人，來客。如果你是一個visitor，說明你想去訪問某人或參觀某地；如果你是一個guest，就是指你是受某人邀請的客人或者是應邀到其家中作客，或者應邀去吃飯，或者應邀去聽音樂會，看戲等，guest也指旅館的旅客。
14．Go+doing通常表示去做某些活動。如，go camping去野營， go fishing去釣魚
15．Sound, noise
Sound系常用詞，泛指「任何聲音，不論高低，大小，是否悅耳或有無意義」。如 the sound of footsteps腳步聲；noise 指「任何混雜，嘈雜，刺耳或起干擾作用，令人厭煩的聲音」。
16．Rent的用法
Rent即為可數名詞rent out 出租，租出；rent at以。。。出租
17．Comlete,finish
Finish表示過去某個時候著手做的事已經做完，或者表示對已經做完的事情進行精密加工；complet側重表示做完或完成某工作，特別是一項任務，或者把某工作圓滿結束。

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