① 英語知識點有哪些呢
英語知識點如下:
1、bear sb. to do sth.忍耐某人做某事。
2、encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓舞某人做某事。
3、command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事。
4、過去進行時:顯然過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正在做什麼,常和特定的時間狀語如at that time,at six yesterday,at that moment,when he came in等連用。
5、class、box、watch、brush等詞以 s、x、ch、sh,結尾復數要加-es。
6、動詞不定式在名詞後面作定語,不定式和名詞之間有動賓關系時,又和句中另一名詞或代詞構成主謂關系,不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。
② 初中英語知識點,重點語法總結
一般現在時 do
一般過去時 did
一般將來時 will do
現在進行時 is(am are)doing
過去進行時 was(were)doing
一般過去將來時 would do
過去完成時態 had done
現在完成時 have(has)done
一、 一般現在時
1、定義 表示經常發生的動作或存在的狀態,如能力、特徵、性質、身份等。
2、構成 1) be --- is, am, are 2) 實意動詞用原形表示 (注意當主語為第三人稱單數時,動詞 + s或 + es)
句型轉換 1) 情態動詞,聯系動詞提前或直接在其後加 not 2) 實意動詞加do/ does或don't/ doesn't
3、用法 1) 表示經常性的、習慣性的或永久性的動作,常與 always, usually, often, sometimes, every day,
twice a month等連用. e.g. Does he usually go to school on foot?
2) 表示存在的狀態,常用動詞 be, have, love, like, know, see, hear, think, have, belong to 等。注意這些
動詞一般不用被動語態. e.g. He doesn't like music.
3) 表示不受時間限制的客觀事實或普遍真理. e.g. The earth goes round the sun.
二、一般過去時
1、定義 表示過去某一時間內發生的動作或存在的狀態,可能是一次的,也可能是經常的,動作已完成。
2、構成 1) be – was,were 2) 實意動詞用過去式來表示,沒有人稱和數的變化。
句型轉換 1) was, were 提前或直接加 not 2) 實意動詞加did或didn't(動詞改為原形)
3、用法 1) 表示過去某一時間內發生的動作或存在的狀態,常與表示過去的時間狀語連用 yesterday , last Friday, in 1994, an hour ago, a moment ago, last November, before 1997, on December 26, 1976. yesterday morning.
2) 表示過去經常或反復發生的動作。 When I was in the university, I did morning exercises every day.
3) had(have的過去式)當「有」講時,構成疑問和否定有兩種形式,其他詞義同實意動詞。
Did you have no friends? He hasn't enough time.
My father doesn't have lunch at factory. (不用 haven't) Did you have a good time?
三、一般將來時
1、定義 表示將來某一時間內要發生的動作或存在的狀態,常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。如tomorrow, today, this week, next week, next month, next year, next Wednesday, from now on, in a year, in the future
2、構成和用法1)shall (第一人稱)和will (所有人稱) + 動詞原形, 縮寫為 「'll」,否定縮寫為shan't, won't。
2) be going to do,常用於口語,表示打算去做的事和可能要發生的事。 It's going to rain.
3) is/ am/ are about to do...when...表馬上要發生的事,不與時間連用。I was about to leave when it rained.
4) be to do sth. 按計劃或職責、義務要求必須做的事或即將發生的動作。
5) 終止性動詞come, go, leave, arrive等的現在進行時刻表示按計劃,安排或即將進行的動作。
6) 以if, as soon as, when, once, unless等引導的從句的一般現在時表示一般將來時。
四、過去將來時
1、定義 表示從過去某一時間來看將要發生的動作或存在的狀態。
2、構成及用法 should (第一人稱)或would (第二,三人稱) + 動詞原形,常用於賓語從句中。
We asked him where we should have a meeting. 其他用法見一般將來時。
五、現在進行時和過去進行時
定義:現在進行時表示1)現在正在進行的動作 2)現階段一直在進行,延續性 3)目前階段臨時發生的動作,暫時性。 is/ am/ are + doing
過去進行時表示1)過去某時正在進行的動作 2)過去某段時間正在進行的動作 3)過去瞬間發生的動作。was/ were + doing
Notes:1. 表安排、計劃要發生的動作可用進行時表示將來時。這些終止性動詞有arrive, begin, come, go, leave, start
2. 現在進行時與always, often等頻率副詞連用,表示厭煩、贊嘆等感情。
3. 在條件從句中,時間狀語從句中用現在進行時表示將來進行時。
4. 同理,在表條件、時間狀語從句中,用過去進行時表示過去將來進行時,在一些表開始,離開的動詞用過去進行時表過去將來時。
用法: 1. 現在完成時表示現階段完成的動作或存在的狀態,動作或狀態從過去開始延續到現在,可能終止,
即動作發生在過去強調對現在的影響,與現在有關,常與 already, ever, lately, just, now, recently, yet,
for + 段時間, since + 點時間;in the last/ past three years, so far, by now, up to now/ present等連用
2. 過去時指過去某時或某一段時間發生的動作或存在的狀態。指的現在之前的情況,與現在無關
3. 過去完成時指的過去某一時間動作之前發生的動作或存在的狀態,「過去的過去」。常用句型:
1) had done + before/ when/ by the time + did 2) did + after/ until + had done
3) had done + by/ up/ since/ till + 過去時間 4) No sooner had + S. + done ... than ... did ...
5) Hardly/ Scarcely had + S. + done ... when ... did ... 6) had meant to do …
Notes: 1. just「剛才」表示剛剛過去,可以看成與說話時間緊密相連,可與現在完成時連用,也可以與過去時連用。但just now「剛才」=a moment ago, 只表示過去時間,只與過去時連用。
2. 一些終止性動詞不能用完成時態的肯定句與延續多久的時間狀語連用,要用表狀態的動詞或用動詞+介詞短語或+形容詞的完成式,還可以用it is+多少時間+since的句型。
3. since自從……以來 conj + 從句 prep + 表示「時間點」的名詞。for prep.+ 多少時間,表示一段時間。
He has been studying since 3 o'clock/ since 3 hours ago/ since he came. He's been here for five hours.
4. in the past/last+多少時間,表示最近一段時間,用完成時,不用過去時。
5. have been去過某地(不在去過地)have gone到某地去了(不在說話地方)。一,二人稱不能用have gone。 6. 在美語中have/ has got = have/ has。
7. hardly...when..., no sooner...than... 引導倒裝句,常與過去完成時連用。
8. hope, intend, mean, plan, think, want常用過去完成時表示過去的意圖而實際沒有實現的情況
③ 英語必考知識點
1動詞be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am,你you用(are),is跟著他(he),她(she),他(it).單數名詞用is,復數名詞全用are。變否定,更容易,be後not加上去。變疑問,往前提,句末問號某丟棄。還有一條須注意,句首大寫莫忘記。
2this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代詞,it是人稱代詞。
(2)距離說話人近的人或者物用this,距離說話人遠的人或物用that。如:This is a flower.這是一朵花。(近處)That is a tree.那是一棵樹。(遠處)
(3)放在一起的兩樣東西,先說this,後說that。如:This is a pen.That is a pencil.這是一支鋼筆,那是一支鉛筆。
(4)向別人介紹某人說This is...,不說That is...。如:This is Helen.Helen,this isTom.這是海倫,海倫,這是湯姆。
(5)This is不能縮寫,而That is可以縮寫。如:This is a bike.That's a car.這是一輛自行車,那是一輛轎車。
(6) 打電話時,介紹自己用this,詢問對方用that。如:-Hello! Is that Miss Green?喂,是格林小姐嗎?-Yes,this is.Who's that?是的,我是,你是誰?注意:雖然漢語中使用」我「和」你「,但英語中打電話時絕不可以說:I am...,Are you...?Who are you?
(7)在回答this或that做主語的疑問句時,要用it代替this或者that。如:①-Is this a notebook?這是筆記本嗎?-Yes,it is.是的,它是。②-What's that?那是什麼?-It's a kite.是只風箏。
3these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代詞,these是this的復數形式,指時間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復數形式,指時間、距離較遠或前面已經提到過的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily』s bed. 這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good. 那些畫很好。
③ Are those apple trees? 那些是蘋果樹嗎?
在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時,通常用they代替these或those以避免重復。如:④Are these/those your apples? 這些(那些)是你的蘋果嗎?Yes, they are. 是的,他們是。
4名詞+』s所有格單數名詞後直接加 「 』s 」
Jim』s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff』s mother傑夫的媽媽
以s結尾的復數名詞,只加「』」Teachers』 Day教師節 the twins』 books雙胞胎的書
不以s結尾的不規則的名詞復數,加「 』s 」Children』s Day 兒童節 men』s shoes男式鞋
表示兩者共同擁有時,只在最後一個名詞後加』sLucy and Lily』s mother 露茜和莉莉的媽媽(共同的媽媽,一個媽媽)
表示兩者各自擁有時,要在每個名詞後加』sLucy』s and Kate』s rooms 露茜和凱特的房間(各自的房間,兩間房子)
5There be句型
(1)There be 句型主要用以表達「某處(某時)有某人(某物)。」其基本結構為「There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時)」其中there是引導詞,沒有詞義;主 語是be後面的名詞, be是謂語動詞,在一般現在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。下面這首歌訣可幫你巧記there be句型結構:
There be放句首,主語跟在後。地、時放句末,強調置前頭。如:There is a book on the desk.有時為了強調地點,也可把介詞短語放在句首。
如:
On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be 句型中的be動詞如何確定呢?請先看看下面這首歌訣:Be動詞,有三個,am,is還有are。「There be」真特別,不留am只留倆,那就是is 還有are。要用is還是are,須看其後的名詞是單數還是復數。若是單數或不可數名詞用is,否則就用are。
如:①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3) 注意:如果「be」後的主語是由and連接的兩個或兩個以上的名詞,那麼be的形式要遵循「遠親不如近鄰」的原則。也就是說,「be」的形式是由與它最近 的那個名詞來確定的。若那個名詞是單數或不可數名詞要用is,是復數就用are。
如:①There is a book and some pens on the floor.②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
6like一詞的用法like用作及物動詞,譯為「喜歡」
④ 中考英語重要考點,知識點都有哪些
A)、名詞的數
我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞,而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式,但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分,復數的構成如下:
一)在後面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o結尾加s(外來詞)。如:radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
五)以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復數相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有復數,沒有單數的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數也可以是復數的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學, family家,家庭成員
九)合成的復數一般只加主要名詞,多數為後一個單詞。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的單復數意思不同。如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數, chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞
十一) 單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或』s。如:Is (I』s), Ks (K』s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名詞的格
當我們要表示某人的什麼東西或人時,我們就要使用所有格形式。構成如下:
一)單數在後面加』s。如:brother』s, Mike』s, teacher』s
二)復數以s結尾的直接在s後加』,如果不是以s結尾的與單數一樣處理。如:Teachers』 Day教師節, classmates』; Children』s Day六一節, Women』s Day三八節
三)由and並列的名詞所有時,如果是共同所有同一人或物時,只加最後一個』s,但分別擁有時卻分別按單數形式處理。如:Mike and Ben』s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間),Mike』s and Ben』s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)
2、代詞
項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞
人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性
第一人稱 單數 I me my mine myself
復數 we us our ours ourselves
第二人稱 單數 you you your yours yourself
復數 you you your yours yourselves
第三人稱 單數 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
復數 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、動詞
A) 第三人稱單數
當動詞是第三人稱單數時,動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s,如下:
一)一般在詞後加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o結尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B) 現在分詞
當我們說某人正在做什麼事時,動詞要使用分詞形式,不能用原形,構成如下:
一)一般在後加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重讀閉音節結尾且一個母音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最後的輔音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位於
4、形容詞的級
我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時,則要使用比較或最高級形式。構成如下:
一) 一般在詞後加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
二)以重讀閉音節結尾且1個母音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外,如few-fewer fewest)結尾的雙寫結尾的輔音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三) 以輔音字母+y結尾的變y為i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情況:(兩好多壞,一少老遠)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5、數詞 (基變序,有規則;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它後接th;y結尾,變為i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、句式
1.陳述句
肯定陳述句 a) This is a book. (be動詞)
b) He looks very young. (連系動詞)
c) I want a sweat like this. (實義動詞)
d) I can bring some things to school. (情態動詞)
e) There』s a computer on my desk. (There be結構)
否定陳述句 a) These aren』t their books. b) They don』t look nice.
c) Kate doesn』t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can』t find her doll.
e) There isn』t a cat here. (=There』s no cat here.)
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let』s learn English!
c) Come in, please.
否定祈使句a) Don』t be late. b) Don』t hurry.
3. 疑問句
1) 一般疑問句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?
d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?
肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.
否定回答: a) No, he isn』t. b) No, you can』t. c) No, she doesn』t. d) No, they don』t. e) No, she isn』t.
2) 選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It』s big./ It』s small.
3) 特殊疑問句
① 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
② 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
③ 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
④ 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is [email protected].
⑤ 問原因 Why do you want to join the club?
⑥ 問時間 What』s the time? (=What time is it?) It』s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o』clock.
When do you want to go? Let』s go at 7:00.
⑦ 問地方 Where』s my backpack? It』s under the table.
⑧ 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.
What』s your favourite color? It』s black.
⑨ 問人物 Who』s that? It』s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn』t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
⑩ 問東西 What』s this/that (in English)? It』s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
11問姓名 What』s your aunt』s name? Her name is Helen./She』s Helen.
What』s your first name? My first name』s Ben.
What』s your family name? My family name』s Smith.
12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
13 問字母 What letter is it? It』s big D/small f.
14 問價格 How much are these pants? They』re 15 dollars.
15 問電話號碼 What』s your phone number? It』s 576-8349.
16 問謂語(動作) What』s he doing? He』s watching TV.
17 問職業(身份) What do you do? I』m a teacher.
What』s your father? He』s a doctor.
三、時態
1、一般現在時 表示普遍、經常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現在時,它有:
Be 動詞:She』s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn』t a worker.
情態動詞:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can』t play the piano.
行為動詞:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don』t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn』t have a watch.
2、現在進行時 表示動詞在此時正在發生或進行就使用進行時態,結構為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
They』re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren』t listening to the pop music.
A)、名詞的數
我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞,而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式,但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分,復數的構成如下:
一)在後面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o結尾加s(外來詞)。如:radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
五)以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復數相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有復數,沒有單數的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數也可以是復數的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學, family家,家庭成員
九)合成的復數一般只加主要名詞,多數為後一個單詞。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的單復數意思不同。如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數, chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞
十一) 單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或』s。如:Is (I』s), Ks (K』s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名詞的格
當我們要表示某人的什麼東西或人時,我們就要使用所有格形式。構成如下:
一)單數在後面加』s。如:brother』s, Mike』s, teacher』s
二)復數以s結尾的直接在s後加』,如果不是以s結尾的與單數一樣處理。如:Teachers』 Day教師節, classmates』; Children』s Day六一節, Women』s Day三八節
三)由and並列的名詞所有時,如果是共同所有同一人或物時,只加最後一個』s,
I』m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I』m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn』t writing a letter.
They』re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren』t listening to the pop music.
⑤ 中考英語語法必考知識點有哪些
中考英語語法必考知識點:
1、few, a few, little, a little, several, some
few 和little的意思是否定的,表示「很少」或「幾乎沒有」;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示「有一些,有一點兒」。
few 和a few修飾可數名詞;little 和a little 修飾不可數名詞。
several用於修飾可數名詞,語意比a few和some更肯定,含有「好幾個」的意思。
some可修飾可數名詞,也可修飾不可數名詞,從數量上說,它有時相當於a few 或a little,有時指更多一些的數量。
2、定語從句
引導定語從句的關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞,常見的關系代詞包括that, which, who等,關系副詞包括where, when, why等。關系代詞和關系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用,同時又作定語從句的重要成分。
3、現在完成時的基本結構
肯定句:主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞+其他。
否定句:主語+have/has+not+動詞的過去分詞+其他。
一般疑問句:Have/Has+主語+動詞的過去分詞+其他。
特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句(have/has+主語+過去分詞+其他)。
4、each, every
兩詞都是「每個」的意思,但著重點不同。each著重個別的情況,every著重全體,有「所有的」的意思。
如:She knows each student of the class.
她認識這個班裡的每一個學生。
She knows every student of the class.
她認識這個班所有的學生。
5、as soon as 一……就……
用來引導時間狀語從句。若主句是一般將來時,從句要用一般現在時。
例如:I』ll tell him the plan as soon as I see him.
我一看到他就告訴他這個計劃。
⑥ 初中英語語法、時態、詞彙、知識點和中考考點歸納
虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀願望或假想,而不表示客觀存在的事實,所說的是一個條件,不一定是事實,或與事實相反。虛擬語氣通過謂語動詞的特殊形式來表示。英語中的語氣分為陳述語氣、祈使語氣、虛擬語氣三類。
真實條件狀語從句與非真實條件狀語從句
條件句可分為兩類,一類為真實條件句,一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設或實際可能性不大的情況,故採用虛擬語氣。 eg: If he doesn』t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快點,他將錯過巴士。( 真實) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空閑的,他會要求我講故事。(真實) If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我馬上就會去。 (非真實,虛擬語氣) If there were no air, people would die. 如果沒有空氣,人就會死亡。(非真實,虛擬語氣)
用法及動詞形式
1、表示與現在事實相反的情況: 從句:主語+過去時 主句:主語+should/would/could/might+do 例: 1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你,我會帶把傘。(事實:我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的電話號碼,我就會告訴你。(事實:不知道) 3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果沒有水和空氣,地球上就不會有生物。(事實:地球上既有空氣也有水) 4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我帶錢了,我就會借給你些。(事實:沒帶錢) 5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam. 如果他再努力些,就能通過考試了。(事實:沒有努力) 2、表示與過去事實相反的情況 從句:主語+had done 主句:主語+should/would/could/might+have done 例: 1. If I had gotten there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那兒,我就會見到她。 (事實:去晚了) 2.If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他聽我的勸告的話,就不會犯這樣的錯誤了。 (事實:沒有聽我的話) 3、表示對將來情況的主觀推測 從句:①if+主語+were to do 主句:①主語+should/would/could/might+do ②if+主語+did/were ②主語+should/would/could/might+do ③if+主語+should+do ③主語+should/would/could/might+do 例: 1.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天來這兒的話,我就跟他談談。 (事實:來的可能性很小) 2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我們就不能去滑冰了。(事實:不知能否下雪) 3.If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一來這兒的話,我就會告訴她這件事的始末。 4、 有時,虛擬條件句中,結果主句和條件從句的謂語動作若不是同時發生時,虛擬語氣的形式應作相應的調整。 ①從句的動作與過去事實相反,而主句的動作與現在或現在正在發生的事實不符。 如: If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在學校學習刻苦的話,我現在也會成為一個工程師了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他們通知過我們的話,我們現在就不會來這里了。 ②從句的動作與現在事實相反,而主句的動作與過去事實不符。 如: If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的話,我們會已經派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他認識她的話,他肯定會去問候她了。 5、 當虛擬條件句的謂語動詞含有were, should, had時,if可以省略,這時條件從句要用倒裝語序,即將were, should, had等詞置於句首,這種多用於書面語。 如: Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答應去的話,我們就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在這兒的話,她會同意我們的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些電腦知識的話,我們已經聘用他來這里工作了。 6、非真實條件句中的條件從句有時不表達出來,只暗含在副詞、介詞短語、上下文或其他方式表示出來,這種句子叫做含蓄條件句,在多數情況下,條件會暗含在短語中,如without…., but for….等 如: But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的幫助,我們還會在工作呢。 Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是沒有你的指導,我不會取得如此大的進步。 We didn』t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. 我們不知道他的電話號碼,否則我們就會給他打電話。 7、 有時,虛擬條件句中,主、從句可以省略其中的一個,來表示說話人的一種強烈的感情。 ①省略從句 He would have finished it. 他本該完成了。 You could have passed this exam. 你應該能通過這次考試了。 ②省略主句 If I were at home now. 要是我現在在家裡該多好啊。 If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了該多好啊。、
編輯本段虛擬語氣(Subjunctive Mood)的其他用法
用在wish 後的賓語從句
a、表示與現在事實相反的願望,謂語動詞用過去式 eg. I wish I had your brains. 我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。(事實:我根本比不上你) b、表示與過去事實相反的願望,謂語動詞:had+done eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter. 我希望我原來知道這件事的真相。(事實:原來不知道) c、表示將來難以實現的願望 謂語動詞:should/would + 動詞原形 eg. I wish I should have a chance again. 我希望我還能有一次這樣的機會。(事實:很難再有這樣的機會了) (註:if only和as if/as though也有相同用法)
用在目的狀語從句中
1.在for fear that, in case, lest引導的從句中,若用虛擬語氣時,從句謂語為:should + 動詞原形。並且 should不能省略 She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把門檢查了一遍,以防盜賊的進入。 He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出發了以防遲到。 2、在so that, in order that所引導的目的狀語從句中,從句中的謂語為:can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 動詞原形。 He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近說話的人以便能聽得更清楚。 He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信讀得很仔細以便不漏掉一個單詞。
其他用法
1、一想要(desire)二寧願(prefer)三命令(order. command)四建議(advice. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. desire.insist)中,無論主句謂語動詞為何種時態,從句的謂語動詞都用:「should + 動詞原形」或只用「動詞原形」。 如: He suggested that we (should) takethe teacher』s advice. He insisted that we (should) takethe teacher』s advice. He demand that we (should) takethe teacher』s advice. He ordered that we (should) takethe teacher』s advice. insist如果翻譯成堅持某種動作才用虛擬語氣;翻譯成堅持某種觀點就不用虛擬語氣。 如:He insists he is a student. 他堅持說他是個學生。 這個語句表示的是事實,因此在這個語句中不能使用虛擬語氣。 suggest意為「建議」才用虛擬語氣,意為「暗示」則不用虛擬語氣。 如: His face suggests that he looks worried . 他的表情暗含著他很擔心。 這個句子本身是事實,因此它就沒有用到虛擬語氣。 2、表情緒.觀點的形容詞或名詞也要用虛擬語氣.如:necessary、important、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、a pity等。 句型:It is.......that +主語從句,從句的謂語動詞都要用should+原型 或只用動詞原型。 3、 在even if, even though 所引導的讓步狀語從句中,可用虛擬語氣,主句、從句的結構與if所引導的條件從句結構相同。如: Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 即使他親自來也不知該怎麼辦。(事實:他沒來) Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here. 即使華佗在世也救不了他。(事實:華佗不在世) 4、 在whatever,whichever,whenever,whoever, wherever,however, no matter wh-word 等引導的讓步狀語從句中,從句虛擬語氣結構為: 指現在或將來: may +動詞原形。 如: We will finish it on time no matter what may happen. 不管發生什麼事,我們都要按時完成。 We will find him wherever he may be. 無論他在哪裡,我們都要找到他。 I will wait for him no matter how late he may come. 不管他來的多麼晚,我都會等他。 指過去: may +完成式 。 如: You mustn』t be proud whatever great progress you may have made. 不管你取得了多麼大的進步,你也不能驕傲。 We must respect him no matter what mistakes he may have made. 不管他犯過什麼錯誤,我們必須尊敬他。 5、一般would rather, had rather, would sooner等之後的賓語從句常表示與客觀事實不相符的一種願望,故使用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構為:
過去 had + 過去分詞 現在 過去時(be 用were ) 將來 過去時(be 用were ) 如: I』d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看過了這場電影。 I』d rather you were here now. 我倒想你現在在這兒。 We』d rather you went here tomorrow. 我們倒想你明天去那兒 6、虛擬語氣還可用在定語從句中,表示:「早該做某事了」時,定語從句中的謂語動詞須用虛擬語氣,其虛擬語氣的結構為:It is (high / about) time that + 主語+ 動詞的過去式/ should + 動詞原形,即從句用虛擬過去式。 如 It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school. 我該去學校接我的女兒了。 It is high time you should go to work. 你早該上班了。 7、 簡單句中的虛擬語氣 (1) 說話時,為了表示客氣、謙虛、委婉而有禮貌,言語常使用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構形式常為:would / could / might / should + 動詞原形。 如: Would you mind my shutting the door? 我把門關起來你介意嗎? You should always learn this lesson by heart. 你要把這個教訓牢記於心。 I should agree with you. 我應該同意你的觀點。 (2) 表示「祝願」時,常用may + 主語+ 動詞原形。 如: May you have a good journey! 祝你一路順風。 May your youth last for ever! 祝你青春永駐。 (3)表示強烈的「願望」、「祝願」時,常用動詞原形。 如: Long live the Communist Party of China. 中國共產黨萬歲。 God bless us. 上帝保佑。 (4) 習慣表達中常用的虛擬語氣。 ① 提出請求或邀請。如: Would you like to have a talk with us this evening? 今天晚上來跟我們聊天好嗎? Could I use your bike now? 我可以用一下你的單車嗎? ② 陳述自己的觀點或看法。如: I should glad to meet you. 見到你我會很高興。 I would try my best to help you. 我會盡力幫助你。 ③提出勸告或建議。如: You』d better ask your father first. 你最好先問一問你的父親。 You should make a full investigation of it first. 你應該先全面調查一番。 ④ 提出問題。如: Do you think he could get here on time? 你認為他能按時來嗎? Do you expect he would tell us the truth? 你期望他會告訴我們真相嗎? ⑤ 表示對過去情況的責備時,常用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構為:情態動詞 + have + 過去分詞。 如: You should have got here earlier. 你應該早就到這里了。 You should have returned it to him. 你應該把它還給他了。 8、虛擬語氣在方式狀語從句的應用。詳見網路之方式狀語從句詞條。
編輯本段四、省略的虛擬條件句型
省略連詞if
有時可將條件從句的連詞if省略,但此時應用倒裝句型,即將從句中的were, should, had 等提到句首: Were I Tom, I would refuse. 如果我是湯姆,我會拒絕。 I will go, should it be necessary. 假若有必要,我會去的。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived in time. 若不是天氣壞,我們就准時到達了。 【注】 ① 若條件從句為否定句,否定詞not應置於主語之後,而不能與were, should, had 等縮略成Weren』t, Shouldn』t, Hadn』t而置於句首。 ② 有時省略if後提前的had不是助動詞: Had I time, I would come. 假若我有時間,我會來的。(=If I had time…)
省略條件句的主語和其後的動詞be
若主從句主語一致,且謂語部分包含有動詞be,通常可將主語和動詞be省略: If repaired earlier, the tractor would not have broken down. 要是早點兒修一下,拖拉機就不會拋錨了。(=If it had been repaired earlier…)
省略「it+be」
If necessary, I would send more farm-hands to help you. 如果需要的話我會派更多的民工去幫你。(=If it was necessary, I would…)
省略整個條件從句
這樣的省略通常需要藉助一定的上下文,即省略條件從句後,所剩下的主句的意思在一定的上下文中意思是清楚的: I might see her personally. It would be better. 我可以親自去看她,這樣好一些。(=…If I saw her personally, it would be better.)
編輯本段在含蓄條件句中的用法
(1) 條件暗含在短語中。如: We didn』t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. 我們不知道他的電話號碼,否則我們就會給他打電話。(暗含條件是otherwise) Without your help, we wouldn』t have achieved so much. 沒有你的幫助,我們不可能取得這么大的成績。 (暗含條件是介詞短語without your help) But for your help, I would not have succeeded in the experiment. 如果沒有你的幫助,我的實驗就不會成功。(暗含條件是but for your help) It would cause great trouble not to lubricate the bearing immediately. 不立即潤滑軸承就會引起很大的故障。 (暗含條件是not to lubricate the bearing immediately) (2) 條件暗含在上下文中。如: I would not have done it that way. 我是不會那麼做的。(可能暗含if I were you) I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have come to help you. 我那天很忙。否則我會來幫你的。(可能暗含if I hadn』t been so busy.) You might come to join us in the discussion. 你可以參加我們的討論。(可能暗含if you wanted to) I would have bought the DVD player. 我是會買下那台影碟機的。(可能暗含if I had the money) But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. 要不是碰到暴雨,我們還會早些到。(可能暗含if it had not been for the storm)。
⑦ 干貨分享:英語四級重要知識點匯總
語法類重要知識點
1、虛擬語氣的:
would rather+that從句+一般過去時
It is vital/ necessary/ important/ urgent/ imperative/ desirable/ advisable/ natural/ essential+that+(should)動詞原形
proposal/suggestion+that+動詞原形
It is time/about time/high time+that+一般過去時
lest+that+should+動詞原形
if only+that+would+動詞原形
2、狀語從句的:
非if引導的條件狀語從句,此類句子多用at times,provided,so long as,in case,once等來替代if;
由even if/so,now that,for all等引導的讓步狀語從句;
just/hardly...when引導的時間狀語從句;
more than,as...as,not so much as,the same as,as much as等引導的比較狀語從句。
3、獨立主格結構多以邏輯主語+分詞的形式出現。
4、情態動詞多與完成時形式連用。
5、定語從句重點考查介詞+關系代詞(which)和as作為關系代詞。
詞彙類重要知識點
1、動詞、名詞與介詞的搭配:popular/patient+with;yield/solution/adapt/transfer/access+to;accuse/require+of;charge+for;under+discussion
2、習慣用法:confess to/set about/be used to+doing;be supposed to/have/make sb.+do等。
3、由同一動詞構成的短語:come,go,set,break等構成的短語。
4、單個的動詞,抽象名詞,形容詞和副詞多以近義詞、同義詞的形式出現。?
5、介詞短語在句中作狀語如:in terms of;with the exception of;in vain; rather than,other than,such as,none/nothing+but
6、部分過去式和過去分詞不規則變化的動詞:
broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 廣播
flee (fled, fled) 逃跑
forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止
forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原諒
freeze (froze, frozen) 結冰
hang (作―絞死‖講,是規則的;作―懸掛‖講,其過去式過去分詞都是hung)
lie –lied –lied 說謊;lie—lay---lain躺下lay-laid- laid 放置
seek (sought, sought) 尋求
shake (shook, shaken) 發抖
tear (tore, torn) 撕碎
以上就是關於英語四級重要知識點的相關分享,希望對正在備考英語四級的小夥伴們有所幫助,小編在這里祝願大家都能取得優異成績!
⑧ 新目標九年級英語上冊第一單元的重要知識點和考點
1.aloud adv.出聲地(使別人能聽得到)
Reading aloud is a good way in leaning English.
朗讀是學英語的一個好方法。
▲loud adj. 大聲的,聲音洪亮的,loud—louder—loudest
He talked in a loud voice so that everyone could hear him.
他說話聲音很大以便於每個人都能聽得到他。
▲adv. loud—louder—loudest
Don』t talk so loud.The kids are reading.
說話小聲些,孩子們正在看書。
(Speak)louder,please!
請再說高一些!
▲loudly adv吵吵鬧鬧地,雜訊地
I heard someone knocked loudly at the door.
我聽到有人在使勁敲門。
They are talking loudly in the next room.
他們在隔壁說話聲很大。
2.voice n.噪音,鳥鳴聲
She has a sweet voice.
她聲音很甜美。
She raised her voice so that she could be heard.
她提高了嗓音隊便於別人能聽清楚。
He lost his voice./He had no voice because of the cough.
因為咳嗽,他失聲了。
▲noise n噪音,吵鬧
Don』t make so much noise.
別弄出那麼大的噪音。
I heard a strange noise outside.
我聽到外邊奇怪的聲音。
▲sound n.(自然界中的)聲音,響聲
Sound travels slower than light.
聲音的傳播比光慢。
3.memory n.(計算機的)儲存器
A lot of information is stored in the memory.
計算機的儲存器能儲存很多信息。
▲n.記憶力
He has a poor memory after the car accident.
車禍後他的記憶力很差了。
▲n. 回憶,懷念
I have a pleasant memory of my childhood.
我對童年有美好的回憶。
▲memorize/memorise vt. 記住,背過
He can memorize new words very quickly.
他能很快記住很多單詞。
4. frustrate vt.使失望,使沮喪
The serious illness frustrated his dream for college.
他上大學的夢想遭受挫折。
▲frustrating adj. 令人失望的
What he said is frustrating.
他所說的話很令人失望。
She finds it frustrating to watch English movies.
她覺得看英語電影很令人失望(因為看不懂)。
▲frustrated adj. 失望的,沮喪的
He was frustrated when he failed again in the test.
當他再次考試沒及格後,他很失望。
5.add vt. 增加,加
She tasted the soup and added more salt.
她嘗了嘗湯,又加了些鹽。
▲add to 增添
His coming added to our trouble.
他的到來給我們添了很多麻煩。
▲add up to 總計達……,加起來……
The number of the students in our class adds up to 55.
我們班上學生的數目加起來是55人。
▲vt. 補充說,又說
He said goodbye to us and added that he would visit us again.
他和我們說了再見,又說他會再來看我們的。
6. excite vt.使興奮
The news that our team had won excited everybody.
我們隊贏了的消息令所有的人很激動。
▲exciting adj.令人興奮的
The soccer game is exciting.
那場足球賽很令人激動。
▲excited adv. 興奮的,激動的
We were very excited at the news.
當聽到那個消息,我們很激動。
7.speak(speak—spoke—spoken)說(語言),講話
Can you speak French?
你會說法語嗎?
Do you know who will speak at the meeting?
你知道誰要在會上發言?
▲talk to/with sb 與某人談話,talk about/of sth/sb談論某人或某事
He was talking to/with his friend whom I called him.
當我給他打電話時,他正在和他的朋友談話。
What are you talking about?
你們在說什麼?
▲say 說(後接說的內容)
What did he say at the meeting?
他在會上說了什麼?
She said she would be back the next week.
她說下周回來。
▲tell 告訴
tell sb sth 告訴某人某事(接雙賓語)
Who told you the news?
是誰告訴你的那個消息?
▲講,說
tell stories講故事,tell a lie撒謊,tell the truth說實話
Grandma used to tell stories to me when 1 was young.
我小的時候,奶奶經常給我講故事。
Don』t believe him! He is telling a tie.
別信他!他在撒謊。
To tell you the truth,I don』t quite agree with you.
老實說,我不太同意你的意見。
8.complete vt.使完全,使完整,(圓滿完成)
She』s trying to complete collection of the CDs.
他試圖收齊那套CD。
▲adj. 巧完整的,完全的
Can you make complete sentences?
你會造完整的句子嗎?
He is a complete stranger to me.
他對我來說完全是陌生的。
9.secret n.秘密
It』s a secret between you and me,so don』t tell it to others.
那時我們之間的秘密,所以不要告訴別人。
▲adj. 秘密的
Let』s keep it secret from others.
咱們不讓別人知道此事。
Let the cat out of the bag.= Let out the secret.
泄露秘密。
10.impress vt.使感動,給……深刻印象
What he did impressed everybody present.
他的事跡給在場的人留下了深刻的印象。
The beautiful sights of the country impressed all of us.
那個國家的美景打動了我們所有的人。 、、
▲impressed adj. (被)感動的
We were impressed by what he did.
我們被他的話所感動。
11. native n. 當地人,本國人
When we were on vacation in Brazil,we lived like the natives.
我們在巴西度假時,就像當地人那樣生活。
The kangaroo is a native of Australia.
袋鼠是產於澳洲的動物。
▲native speaker 生來就說某種語言的人
He speaks English so well that we all think he is a native speaker·
他的英語說得太好了,我們都認為他是個本地人。
▲native language 母語
Marx was born in Germany,and German was his native language.』
馬克思出生在德國,法語是他的母語。
Important phrases(重點片語)
人民教育出版社教學資源分社
1.1isten to cassettes 聽磁帶
2.first of all 首先
3.work/study with a group 和小組一起學習
4.watch English language TV 看英語電視
5.spoken English 英語口語
6.writing practice 寫作訓練
7.join an English club 加入英語俱樂部
8.1ater on 以後;隨後
9.look up words(in a dictionary) 查同典
10.native speakers 生來就說某種語言的人
11.not at aIl 根本不;一點也不
12.end up 結束
13. ask the teacher for help 求助於老師
14.make up 組成;編造
15.enjoy doing sth 喜歡做某事
16.take notes 做筆記
17.make mistakes 犯錯誤
1 8.make flashcards 製作認讀卡片
19.read aloud 朗讀
20. have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困難
Important sentences(重點句子)
人民教育出版社教學資源分社
1. How do you study for a test?
你怎樣准備考試?
▲study for a test prepare for a test 准備考試
— What were you doing when I called last night?
一I was studying for the math test.
一 昨天晚上我打電話時你在干什麼?
一 我在准備數學測驗。
2. I study for an English test by listening to cassettes.
我聽錄音準備英語測驗。
▲by 靠,用(方法,手段等),後接動名詞(doing…)
He makes a living by repairing bikes.
他靠修車為生。
▲listen vi.後加to再接名詞。
My sister was listening to music when I got home.
當我到家時,姐姐正在聽音樂。
Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
聽!有人在敲門。
3.He studies by asking the teacher for help.
他靠求助於老師來學習。
▲ask sb for help求助於某人
—You can ask me for help if you have trouble.
—Thank you.1 will.
— 如果你有麻煩,你可以求助於我。
一 謝謝。我會的。
4.Do you ever practice conversations with friends?
你曾經和朋友練習過會話嗎?
▲ever adv. 用於疑問句和否定旬中,「曾經」
Do you ever worry that you』11 fail a test?
你擔心考試會不及格嗎?
▲practice vt.(Am.E) = practice (Br.E) 練習
▲在美國英語中practice既可作名詞又作動詞;但在英國英語中practice為名詞;practise為動詞。
5. What about listening to cassettes?
聽錄音怎麼樣?
▲what about + n./pron/doing? =how about + n/pron/doing。例如:
What/How about going to the movies tonight?
今晚去看電影怎麼樣?
6. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?
靠朗讀來練習發音怎麼樣?
read aloud 朗讀
Reading aloud is very helpful in leaning English.
朗讀在學英語中很有幫助。
7.I』ve learned a lot that way. 我那樣學到了很多。
▲a lot 代表一個不可數名詞。例如:
Though he is young,he knows a lot.
他雖然很小,但他知道很多。
▲that way相當於一個副詞,way用於which,this,that之後,構成短語,「那樣」。如:
Don』t talk to your parents that way.
別那樣和父母說話。
8.It improves my speaking skills.
它能提高我的口語技巧。
▲Improve vt. 改進,改善,提高
His work is improving slowly.
他的工作在慢慢改進。
Her pronunciation has greatly improved.
他的發音大大提高了。
▲speaking skill 口語技巧 listening skill 聽力技巧
writing skill 寫作技巧 reading skill 閱讀技巧
9. It』s too hard to understand to voices.
聽懂不同的聲音很困難。
▲too + adj./adv. + to do 「太……而不能……」。又如:
He is too young to go to school.
他太小,不能上學。
She runs too slow to catch up with me.
她跑得太慢追不上我。
10.This week we asked students at New Star High School about the
best ways to learn more English.本周我們問新星中學學生關於多學點英語的最好方法。
▲ask sb about sth 詢問某人關於……的情況
Ask her about the pen that you lost.She may have found it.
問問她你丟的鋼筆,也許她撿到了。
▲the best ways to do sth = the best ways of doing sth 做……的好辦法
Who can tell me the best way of memorizing/to memorize new words?
誰能告訴我記單詞的最好辦法是什麼?
11. She said that memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.
她說記流行歌曲的歌詞也有點幫助。
▲that引導的是賓語從句,在賓語從句中memorizing the words of pop songs為動名詞短語作主語。例如:
Teaching English is my job.
教英語是我的工作。
Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操對你的身體有好處。
▲a little有點,代表不可數名詞,其反義詞為a lot。
一Would you like some sugar in your coffee?
你的咖啡里想加糖嗎?
一Yes.just a little.
好,要一點點。
12.He』s been learning English for six years and really loves it.
他學英語有六年了,並且很喜歡它。
▲「has/have been doing sth」現在完成進行時,表示從過去某一時間開始持續到現在,還要進行下去的動作。又如:
She has been learning English for 5 years.
她學英語有五年了。
He has been reading for 2 hours and hasn』t finished it yet.
他看書有兩個小時了,但還沒有完成。
13. He finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly.
他發現看英語電影很令人失望,因為人們說話太快。
▲動名詞watching movies在此句中作賓語,又如:
I like playing basketball.
我喜歡打籃球。
▲frustrating為現在分詞充當形容詞作用,在句中作賓語watching movies的賓語補足語。
▲find sb/sth + n./adj./doing 「發現某人……」,後面的「n./adj./doing」作賓語補足語。又如:
I find him a hard-working student.
我發現他是個勤奮的學生。
I find physics difficult to learn.
我發現物理很難學。
When she got home,she found him lying in the bed,i11.
當她到家時,她發現他躺在床上病了。
14.She added that having conversations with friends wasn』t helpful at a11.
她補充說和朋友練習會話一點幫助都沒有。
▲having conversations with friends為動名詞短語作賓語從句中的主語,要特別注意,動名詞短語作主語時,謂語動詞用單數形式,不要與friends一致。例如:
Taking care of the little kids is her job.
照看孩子們是她的工作。
▲not…at all 一點也不,用來加強語氣,又如:
I don』t agree with him at a11.
我一點也不同意他的意見。
15. We get excited about something and then end up speaking in Chinese.
我們會因為某件事變得很激動,最後用漢語來描述。
▲end up達到某種狀態或採取某種行動,又如:
At first he said nothing but he ended up apologizing.
一開始,他什麼也不說,到頭來還是道了歉。
16.1』m doing a survey about learning English.Can l ask you some questions?
我正在就關於學習英語作調查。我能問你幾個問題嗎?
▲do a survey about sth/doing sth 關於……作調查
Last week,we did a survey about surfing the Internet.
上周,我們就網上沖浪作了個調查。
▲some用於疑問句時,表示希望得到肯定回答,如果只是詢問信息,可以用any代替some用於疑問句和否定句中。又如:
Could you please lend me some money?
你能借給我些錢嗎? (希望得到肯定回答)
Did you buy her any gifts?
你給她買禮物了嗎?(詢問信息)
17.1 often keep an English notebook.
我經常記英語筆記。
▲keep vt. 記錄(某事),在某物上做書面記載
She kept a diary for over twenty years.
她寫日記有20多年了。
I have the habit of keeping notes.
我有記筆記的習慣。
18.I can』t pronounce some of the words.有一些單詞我不會發音。
▲some/many/all/most/none/few…of the + 名詞
Most of the students love reading.
多數學生喜歡看書。
19.1 make mistakes in grammar.
我在語法方面老犯錯誤。
▲make a mistake/make mistakes 犯錯誤
Don』t be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English.
當說英語時不要怕犯錯誤。
by mistake 錯誤地.
Do you know that potato chips were invented by mistake?
你知道炸薯片是被錯誤發明的嗎?
20.I don』t know how to use commas.
我不知道怎樣使用逗號。
▲此句的賓語是由疑問詞how加不定式to use commas構成的,這是個簡單句,它可以改為一個復合句。例如:
I don』t know how I should use commas.
I don』t know what to do.= I don』L know what I should do.
我不知道該做什麼。
Can you tell mc when to start? = Can you tell me when I should start?
你能告訴我何時出發嗎?
21.Why don』t you join an English language club to practice speaking English?
你為什麼不加入一個英語俱樂郝來練習說英語昵?
▲Why don』t you do…? = Why not do…? 表示建議,意為「為什麼不……?」,又如:
Why don』t you/Why not go to school by bike when there』s heavy traffic?
當交通很擁堵時,你為什麼不騎白行車上學呢?
▲join加入某組織成為其中的成員,take part in參加某種活動,attend參加會議,報告,演講等。例如:
His father joined the Party in 1976.
他爸爸是1976年入的黨。
People often take part in sports after work.
工作之餘人們經常參加體育活動。
I attended an important meeting yesterday.
昨天我參加了一個會。
22. l don』t have a partner to practice English with.
我沒有同伴一起練習英語。
▲此處的不定式to practice English with作定語,修飾a partner。又如:
The teacher has something to say.
老師有話要說。
He has no room to live in.
他沒有房子住。
23.First of all,it wasn』t easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked to the class.
起初,對我來說聽懂老師在班裡講話都不是件容易的事。
▲first of all 最初,首先
First of all she just smiled,then she started to laugh.
最初她只是笑,後來才放聲大笑。
▲It is/was + adj. + for sb to do (句式)對某人來說做某事…… 例如:
It is difficult for me to learn physics well.
對我來說學好物理很難。
It is important to learn English.
學英語很重要。
24.To begin with,she spoke too quickly,and l could not understand every word.
一開始,她說得太快了,我不能聽懂所有的話。
▲to begin with = to start with 首先,一開始,第一
To begin with he had no money,but later he became quite rich.
他起初沒錢,可是後來相當富有了。
▲not…every + 可數名詞單數 = not all + 復數名詞表示部分否定「並非所有的」又如:
You don』t have to remember every word.
你沒必要記住所有的字。
Not all the students live far away from school.
不是所有的學生都住得離學校遠。
25.Later on,I realized that it doesn』t matter if you don』t understand every word.
後來,我意識到如果有些詞聽不懂沒關系。
▲later on 後來,以後
At first things went well,but later on they ran into trouble.
起初事情進展地很順利,但後來他們遇到了麻煩。
▲realize vt. 意識到,認識到(有一個逐漸認識的過程),不用於進行時和被動語態。例如:
One day you』ll realize that you are wrong.
總有一天你會意識到你錯了。
▲that引導的是realize的賓語從句,在賓語從句中又出現了if引導的條件狀語從旬。例如:
It doesn』t matter ff you can』t drive a car.
如果你不會開車沒關系。
26.Also l was afraid to speak in class, because I thought my classmates might laugh at me。
我還害怕在班裡發言,因為我怕同學會嘲笑我。
▲be afraid of sth/to do/of doing sth 害怕/不敢/恐怕做某事
I used to be afraid of the dark.
我過去常常怕黑。
She』s afraid to go/of going out alone at night.
她害怕夜晚獨自出去。
▲might 表示可能性
He might know her telephone number,but I』m not sure.
他可能知道她的電話號碼,但我不確定。
▲laugh at sb 嘲笑
It』s bad manners to laugh at people in trouble.
嘲笑陷入困境的人不禮貌。
27. 1 think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner.
我認為做大量的聽力練習是成為一名好的語言學習者的秘訣之一。
▲doing lots of listening practice 動名詞短語作主語。
▲one of the secrets of doing sth 做某事的秘訣之一,要注意one of與復數名詞搭配。例如:
He is one of the students who are good at soccer.
他是喜歡足球的學生中的一員。
28.Another thing that l found very difficult was English grammar.
另一個我發現很困難的東西是英語語法。
▲that引導的是定語從句,修飾another thing,that在定語從句中作found的賓語。又如:
Is there anything that I can do for you? = Can I help you? = What can I do for you?
我能為你做點什麼? (你買什麼?)
29.Then l started to write my own original sentences using the grammar 1 was learning.
然後我用學過的語法造有獨創性的句子。
▲start/begin to do sth = start/begin doing sth 開始做某事
original sentences 有獨創性的句子,新穎的句子
▲1 was leaning為定語從句,修飾grammar,省略了先行詞that。
30. It』s amazing how much this helped.
真是不可思議了,這樣做很有幫助。
▲It's amazing + 從句/to do sth 「……真是太驚奇了」。
It』s amazing to meet an old friend in a foreign country.
在國外遇到老朋友,真是太驚喜了。
▲It為形式主語,真正的主語是how much this helped
在例句中,真正的主語是不定式to meet an old friend in a foreign country。
31.Now I am enjoying learning English and l got an A in this term.
現在我很喜歡英語,並在這學期得了個「A」。
▲注意:「A」前邊用不定冠詞,選用冠詞時要看字母的發音,即母音音素開頭的用「an」。例如:
There is a 「U」 and an 「R』』 in the word 「hour』』.
在單詞「hour」裡面,有一個「U」和一個「R」。
32.She had trouble in making complete sentences.
她造完整的句子有困難。
▲have trouble in doing sth 做某事有麻煩/困難
He had trouble in understanding native speakers.
他聽外國人說話有困難。
▲make sentences 造句
Do you find it hard to make complete sentences?
你發現造完整的句子很困難嗎?
太多了.....給你個網站自己翻頁看吧
⑨ 英語知識點、考點、重點、難點
小學?中學?還是.....課外知識補習?你可以練練before.和now式,你比畢業考生吧??人稱比如第三人稱。第二第一人稱用法。
必備詞彙(十)
△Lake Superior 蘇必利爾湖
lay eggs 下蛋
lemon n.檸檬
△lessen vi.& vt.減少;減輕
lie n.謊話;謊言
vi.說謊
tell a lie 說謊
limit vt.限制;限定
n.界限;限度
limited adj.有限的
△location n.位置;地方
look forward to 期望;期待;盼望
lose weight 體重減輕;減肥
△lunar adj.月的;月亮的;陰歷的
有興趣你可以背一背http://www.yingyu.com/e/20111215/4ee9c7f0b26a8.shtml
初中英語重點句型100個
來源: 文章作者: 2008-05-13 14:38:13
[標簽:句型 英語] [當前250241家長在線討論]
1、 Welcome back to… eg. Welcome back to school/the factory. Welcome back home. 2、 It is much better than having class
3、 Some of the apples are hard to reach.
4、 Work must come first.
5、 The other students in the class keep their eyes closed 例如:Don't keep your mother waiting Keep the students in/out.
6、 You had better stay at home.
7、 You'd better stay at hom, hadn't you? You'd better not stay at home.
8、 Walk(Go) along、down the road/street, and take the first turning on the left. =Turn left at the first turning
9、 We live in a place named Da Lian.
10、 I like to keep busy.
11、 Better late than never.
12、 There was a telephone call for you. Here is a letter for you.
13、 Thank a lot/very much/you for asking me to your party.
14、 Which is the way to….?=How can I get to/reach/arrive in(at)/find….? Is there a …..near here?=Where is the…..?=Could you tell me the way to…..?
15、 It's too dangerous to cross the street. ( He is too young to go to school=He isn't old enough to go to school.=He is so young that he can』t go to school.)
16、 the Read family= the Reads=Mr. and Mrs. Read
http://www.yingyu.com/e/20080513/4b8bc9770e2c8.shtml
小學小升初英語考試重點知識點總結[2]
2013年5月22日 來源:網路綜合 培訓課程 發布課程 加入收藏
網路推廣
形容詞的比較級
1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級後面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than後的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
2、形容詞加er的規則:
⑴一般在詞尾加er ;
⑵以字母e 結尾,加r ;
⑶以一個母音字母和一個輔音字母結尾,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;
⑷以「輔音字母+y」結尾,先把y變i,再加er 。
3、不規則形容詞比較級:
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
八、There be 句型與have, has的區別
1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)
2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數,be 動詞用is ; 主語是復數,be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據最靠近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞後加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。
4、there be句型與have(has) 的區別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用於肯定句, any 用於否定句或疑問句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用於肯定句, or 用於否定句或疑問句。
7、針對數量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:
How many + 名詞復數 + are there + 介詞短語?
How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?
8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:
What』s + 介詞短語?
九、一般過去時
1、一般過去時表示過去某個時間發生的動作或存在的狀態,常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經常或反復發生的動作感謝。
2、Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:
⑴am 和is在一般過去時中變為was。(was not=wasn』t)
⑵are在一般過去時中變為were。(were not=weren』t)
⑶帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were後加not,一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。
3、句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子
否定句:didn』t +動詞原形,如:Jim didn』t go home yesterday.
一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑問句:⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形?
如: What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式?
如:Who went to home yesterday?
十、動詞過去式變化規則
1、一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2、結尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3、末尾只有一個母音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4、以「輔音字母+y」結尾的,變y為i, 再加-ed,如:study-studie
小升初英語的特點是知識點零碎,因此同學們一定要加強日常的學習積累,只有這樣才能確保取得較高的英語成績。
http://www.51test.net/show/3002917_2.html
⑩ 英語語法知識點有哪些
1、名詞
名詞(noun)是指人或事物的名稱。
名詞一般分為專有名詞(proper noun)和普通名詞(common noun)。專有名詞是個別的人、事物、地點、團體、機構等專有的名稱,首字母通常大寫。
2、代詞
代詞(pronoun)用於代替名詞等。
代詞分為人稱代詞(personal pronoun)、物主代詞(possessive pronoun)、指示代詞(demonstrative pronoun)、反身代詞(reflexive pronoun)。
3、物主代詞是表示所有關系的代詞,分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。形容詞性物主代詞相當於形容詞,置於名詞前做定語。名詞性物主代詞相當於名詞,不能用於名詞前。
4、人稱代詞代替人或事物的名稱,分為主格人稱代詞和賓格人稱代詞兩種。
5、數詞
數詞表示數量或順序等。分為基數詞(cadinal number)和序數詞(ordinal number)。